United States District Court for the District of Minnesota · 2006-04-06
21usc841: author: Fable · not independently reviewed
Case and law context
Role: background; posture: criminal; pretrial; district judge adopts magistrate's report denying co-defendant Keezer's motions to dismiss the indictment, suppress search-warrant evidence, quash arrest and suppress electronic surveillance; result: not-decided; claim: (a)(1),(b)(1)(A)
Uncertainty
None recorded
Misfit
The nearest thing to a merits statement is that two magistrate judges found probable cause to believe Keezer committed possession with intent to distribute; the basis vocabulary has no "probable cause" level (below pleaded/triable), and the opinion gives no facts for that finding, so it is not recorded as a holding.
The drug facts in the opinion are warrant-affidavit averments about the premises and mostly about co-defendant Person and a third-party seller, while the moving party is Keezer; `fact` lines would misattribute them as facts the court relied on for an element.
B · Case × element grid
Top-level elements follow claim order in panels of up to six elements. Case rows repeat across panels. Every recorded block retains its holding and basis; multiple blocks are not merged into a case-level verdict. ✓ satisfied · ✗ not satisfied · ○ not reached · · not addressed. Muted blocks are not counted. Sub-element evidence remains on case and element pages.
Elements 1–6 of 18
Elements 7–12 of 18
Elements 13–18 of 18
| Case | Drug conspiracy route under 21 U.S.C. § 846 (cross-statute) | Fifth Amendment Due Process / Equal Protection challenge to carrier-medium weight sentencing (Chapman) | Affirmative defense of entrapment (government inducement + lack of predisposition) | Rule of lenity in construing ambiguous penalty provisions of § 841(b) | Fifth Amendment void-for-vagueness challenge to "mixture or substance" or analogue provisions | Continuing-offense venue for § 841(a)(1) possession with intent to distribute / distribution (18 U.S.C. § 3237(a)) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States v. Person — 427 F. Supp. 2d 894 (2006) · United States District Court for the District of Minnesota · 2006 (21usc841: author: Fable · not independently reviewed) | · not addressed | · not addressed | · not addressed | · not addressed | · not addressed | · not addressed |
Instances and excluded annotation blocks
| Case | Element | Holding and scope | Pattern | Exact source quotations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States v. Person — 427 F. Supp. 2d 894 (2006) · United States District Court for the District of Minnesota · 2006 — not reached (21usc841: author: Fable · not independently reviewed) | Cross-statute route alias: see separate aiding-abetting (§ 2) and x-conspiracy-846 (§ 846) routes | not_reached Excluded from merits counts background / merits claim: (a)(1),(b)(1)(A) Counts are framed under 18 U.S.C. § 2 and § 846 but accomplice/conspiracy liability is not analysed. | Unspecified route | No source quotation recorded for this block. |
| United States v. Person — 427 F. Supp. 2d 894 (2006) · United States District Court for the District of Minnesota · 2006 — not reached (21usc841: author: Fable · not independently reviewed) | Specific intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense the possessed controlled substance | not_reached Excluded from merits counts background / merits claim: (a)(1),(b)(1)(A) | Unspecified route | No source quotation recorded for this block. |
| United States v. Person — 427 F. Supp. 2d 894 (2006) · United States District Court for the District of Minnesota · 2006 — not reached (21usc841: author: Fable · not independently reviewed) | Mens rea: "knowingly or intentionally" (including knowledge that the substance is a controlled substance) | not_reached Excluded from merits counts background / merits claim: (a)(1),(b)(1)(A) | Unspecified route | No source quotation recorded for this block. |
| United States v. Person — 427 F. Supp. 2d 894 (2006) · United States District Court for the District of Minnesota · 2006 — not reached (21usc841: author: Fable · not independently reviewed) | Possession (actual, constructive, sole, or joint dominion and control) | not_reached Excluded from merits counts background / merits claim: (a)(1),(b)(1)(A) Charged as aiding and abetting possession with intent to distribute crack (two dates); the opinion only reviews probable cause for two residential search warrants. Warrant affidavits recite a controlled buy of half a gram from a third person at the shared residence and an informant seeing packaged crack there; none of this is assessed against the offence elements. | Unspecified route | No source quotation recorded for this block. |
| United States v. Person — 427 F. Supp. 2d 894 (2006) · United States District Court for the District of Minnesota · 2006 — not reached (21usc841: author: Fable · not independently reviewed) | Partial penalty-tier drug type and quantity table (selected § 841(b)(1)(A)-(D) hook) | not_reached Excluded from merits counts background / merits claim: (a)(1),(b)(1)(A) (b)(1)(A) is charged; quantity is never discussed (affidavit mentions about one ounce of crack recovered in the January search). | Unspecified route | No source quotation recorded for this block. |
| United States v. Person — 427 F. Supp. 2d 894 (2006) · United States District Court for the District of Minnesota · 2006 — not reached (21usc841: author: Fable · not independently reviewed) | Controlled substance (21 U.S.C. §§ 802(6), 812 Schedules I-V) or counterfeit substance (§ 841(a)(2)) | not_reached Excluded from merits counts background / merits claim: (a)(1),(b)(1)(A) | Unspecified route | No source quotation recorded for this block. |