Freedom Watch, Inc. v. Google, Inc. — 368 F. Supp. 3d 30 (2019) · United States District Court for the District of Columbia · 2019

United States District Court for the District of Columbia · 2019-03-14

15usc1: author: Flash1 · QA: FIX (Fable, neov2/cases/TRIAGE-Flash.md)

Original case on neochart.com

Case and law context

15 U.S.C. § 1

Role: applied; posture: civil; conservative organization and activist sued four technology platforms under Sherman Act §§ 1 and 2, the D.C. Human Rights Act and the First Amendment; Rule 12(b)(1) and 12(b)(6) motion; Article III standing found, all claims dismissed for failure to state a claim (§ 1: no agreement plausibly alleged); result: claimant-lost; claim:

Uncertainty

opinion: memorandum opinion of a single district judge; body @0..26420, its four appended footnotes @26420..27736 (same opinion, one span).

Misfit

None recorded

B · Case × element grid

Top-level elements follow claim order in panels of up to six elements. Case rows repeat across panels. Every recorded block retains its holding and basis; multiple blocks are not merged into a case-level verdict. ✓ satisfied · ✗ not satisfied · ○ not reached · · not addressed. Muted blocks are not counted. Sub-element evidence remains on case and element pages.

Elements 1–6 of 11

15 U.S.C. § 1
CaseConcerted action ("contract, combination ... or conspiracy") between separate economic decisionmakersUnreasonable restraint of trade (Standard Oil Co. v. United States)Restraint of trade or commerce among the several States or with foreign nationsPrivate antitrust injury and fact of damage (Clayton Act §§ 4, 16; Brunswick Corp. v. Pueblo Bowl-O-Mat)Antitrust standing / efficient enforcer test (Associated General Contractors; Illinois Brick)Parker v. Brown state-action immunity (Midcal two-prong test: clearly articulated state policy + active state supervision)
Freedom Watch, Inc. v. Google, Inc. — 368 F. Supp. 3d 30 (2019) · United States District Court for the District of Columbia · 2019 (15usc1: author: Flash1 · QA: FIX (Fable, neov2/cases/TRIAGE-Flash.md))· not addressed· not addressed· not addressed· not addressed· not addressed

Elements 7–11 of 11

15 U.S.C. § 1
CaseStatute of limitations (4-year civil under 15 U.S.C. § 15b; 5-year criminal under 18 U.S.C. § 3282)Law-of-the-case doctrine in consolidated/MDL antitrust proceedingsCriminal mens rea: knowing participation in the conspiracy or intent to restrain tradeAncillary restraints doctrine (restraint subordinate and collateral to a legitimate productive integration)Horizontal cartel / hub-and-spoke conspiracy operating through vertical or dual-distribution arrangements
Freedom Watch, Inc. v. Google, Inc. — 368 F. Supp. 3d 30 (2019) · United States District Court for the District of Columbia · 2019 (15usc1: author: Flash1 · QA: FIX (Fable, neov2/cases/TRIAGE-Flash.md))· not addressed· not addressed· not addressed· not addressed· not addressed

Instances and excluded annotation blocks

Annotation blocks, including explicitly excluded context
CaseElementHolding and scopePatternExact source quotations
Freedom Watch, Inc. v. Google, Inc. — 368 F. Supp. 3d 30 (2019) · United States District Court for the District of Columbia · 2019 — not · pleaded (15usc1: author: Flash1 · QA: FIX (Fable, neov2/cases/TRIAGE-Flash.md))Concerted action ("contract, combination ... or conspiracy") between separate economic decisionmakersnot
Counted merits instance
applied / merits

basis: pleaded; party: Freedom Watch, Inc. and Laura Loomer (conservative advocacy organization and activist; plaintiffs); Google, Facebook, Twitter and Apple (the "Platforms"; defendants); theory: the Platforms agreed to refuse to deal with, and to suppress the content of, conservative media outlets; subject: party=Freedom Watch, Inc. and Laura Loomer (conservative advocacy organization and activist; plaintiffs); Google, Facebook, Twitter and Apple (the "Platforms"; defendants); theory=the Platforms agreed to refuse to deal with, and to suppress the content of, conservative media outlets

The court treats the alleged willingness to lose revenue as no plus factor: losing revenue from some customers is not necessarily against a platform's economic interest. The § 2 conspiracy claim falls with this ruling (@17352).
parallel loss of audience on several platforms; no communication alleged; revenue loss offered as act against self-interest
Adequately stating a Sherman Act § 1 claim "requires a complaint with enough factual matter (taken as true) to suggest that an agreement was made."
Source: docroot/ir/caselaw/f_supp_3d_368.jsonl#/f-supp-3d/368/0030-01; Unicode character offsets [11498:11645] (end exclusive); SHA-256 bd4d3bb539dc2e85ba38dd93f92129e92f25fa179a14ab29a886dbb353cd8c8c.

Evidence kind: rule; polarity: not recorded; absent flag: 0; quoted-rule flag: 0 (1 = tagged; 0 = not tagged)

This purported agreement is "evidenced by the fact that Freedom Watch began losing users on each of Defendants['] platforms at or around the same time."
Source: docroot/ir/caselaw/f_supp_3d_368.jsonl#/f-supp-3d/368/0030-01; Unicode character offsets [2412:2564] (end exclusive); SHA-256 bd4d3bb539dc2e85ba38dd93f92129e92f25fa179a14ab29a886dbb353cd8c8c.

Evidence kind: fact; polarity: supports; absent flag: 0; quoted-rule flag: 0 (1 = tagged; 0 = not tagged)

The Amended Complaint asserts that the Platforms are "willing to lose revenue from conservative organizations and individuals like Freedom Watch."
Source: docroot/ir/caselaw/f_supp_3d_368.jsonl#/f-supp-3d/368/0030-01; Unicode character offsets [13294:13440] (end exclusive); SHA-256 bd4d3bb539dc2e85ba38dd93f92129e92f25fa179a14ab29a886dbb353cd8c8c.

Evidence kind: fact; polarity: supports; absent flag: 0; quoted-rule flag: 0 (1 = tagged; 0 = not tagged)

It includes no allegations, for example, that any of the Platforms met or otherwise communicated an intent to collectively suppress conservative content.
Source: docroot/ir/caselaw/f_supp_3d_368.jsonl#/f-supp-3d/368/0030-01; Unicode character offsets [11344:11497] (end exclusive); SHA-256 bd4d3bb539dc2e85ba38dd93f92129e92f25fa179a14ab29a886dbb353cd8c8c.

Evidence kind: fact; polarity: cuts-against; absent flag: 1; quoted-rule flag: 0 (1 = tagged; 0 = not tagged)

But Freedom Watch admits that it "has and still does pay Google and YouTube, Facebook and the other Defendants for services."
Source: docroot/ir/caselaw/f_supp_3d_368.jsonl#/f-supp-3d/368/0030-01; Unicode character offsets [12327:12452] (end exclusive); SHA-256 bd4d3bb539dc2e85ba38dd93f92129e92f25fa179a14ab29a886dbb353cd8c8c.

Evidence kind: fact; polarity: cuts-against; absent flag: 0; quoted-rule flag: 0 (1 = tagged; 0 = not tagged)

In short, the Plaintiffs' Amended Complaint presents no facts excluding the possibility that the alleged conspirators were acting alone.
Source: docroot/ir/caselaw/f_supp_3d_368.jsonl#/f-supp-3d/368/0030-01; Unicode character offsets [14249:14385] (end exclusive); SHA-256 bd4d3bb539dc2e85ba38dd93f92129e92f25fa179a14ab29a886dbb353cd8c8c.

Evidence kind: held; polarity: not recorded; absent flag: 0; quoted-rule flag: 0 (1 = tagged; 0 = not tagged)

Court interpretations recorded from this case