OR · 21usc841:act.manufacture
Includes cultivation/harvesting (21 U.S.C. § 802(22)) and chemical synthesis or conversion.
Exact element source
to manufacture, distribute, or dispenseSource:
docroot/ir/usc/title21.jsonl#title21_sec841; Unicode character offsets [151:190] (end exclusive); SHA-256 ebaba73bf6e21a591f44bf851f24a052a5687813c505030cd9483e17753e9420.Routes and case patterns
| Route | Definition | Merits instance blocks | Distinct merits cases | Examples (up to 3 cases per count group) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| _whole accepted; provisional (1 case) | The element is decided as a whole: the reasoning turns on no narrower doctrinal sub-question that distinguishes it from any other application of this element. | 0 Satisfied 0; not satisfied 0; excluded context 1 | 0 | Used only in non-merits blocks (1). Excluded context examples:United States v. Nordby — 225 F.3d 1053 (2000) · United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 2000 — satisfied · proved (21usc841: author: Flash2 · QA: FIX (Fable, neov2/cases/TRIAGE-Flash.md)) · applied/lower-court · not counted |
How courts decided this element
| Case | Element | Holding and scope | Pattern | Exact source quotations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States v. Nordby — 225 F.3d 1053 (2000) · United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 2000 — satisfied · proved (21usc841: author: Flash2 · QA: FIX (Fable, neov2/cases/TRIAGE-Flash.md)) | Manufacture (production, preparation, propagation, compounding, or processing of a controlled substance) | satisfied Excluded from merits counts applied / lower-court basis: proved; claim: (a)(1) & (b)(1)(A)(vii) The jury's manufacture verdict (a "measurable or detectable amount") is reported, not reviewed: this appeal is from resentencing only. The defendant never conceded responsibility for the charged August-September 1993 grow. | outdoor-marijuana-gardens-on-defendants-parcels | On two of the parcels owned by Kayle Nordby, police found thirty-one outdoor marijuana gardens containing 2,308 marijuana plants as well as an indoor growing shed that had been used to grow marijuana.Source: docroot/ir/caselaw/f3d_225.jsonl#/f3d/225/1053-01; Unicode character offsets [1656:1856] (end exclusive); SHA-256 3f790c6cc24480108402b3e14c6e103bf4a2636b2c70379bda9af4e594db23ce.In fact, he had been vacationing for much of the time that the marijuana crop had been in the ground, and only returned to the area five days before being arrested.Source: docroot/ir/caselaw/f3d_225.jsonl#/f3d/225/1053-01; Unicode character offsets [17317:17481] (end exclusive); SHA-256 3f790c6cc24480108402b3e14c6e103bf4a2636b2c70379bda9af4e594db23ce. |
Court interpretations
interpretation
Under the Controlled Substances Act, it is "unlawful for any person knowingly or intentionally ... to manufacture, distribute, or dispense, or possess with intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense, a controlled substance.” 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1). This wording tracks the relevant parts of the guidelines definition for “drug trafficking offense.”
United States v. Teran-Salas — 767 F.3d 453 (2014) · United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit · 2014 (21usc841: author: Fable · historical QA: PASS (QA2, neov2/qa/cases-QA2.md) · changed after review; current content not independently reviewed)
Under the Controlled Substances Act, it is "unlawful for any person knowingly or intentionally ... to manufacture, distribute, or dispense, or possess with intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense, a controlled substance.” 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1). This wording tracks the relevant parts of the guidelines definition for “drug trafficking offense.”Source:
docroot/ir/caselaw/f3d_767.jsonl#/f3d/767/0453-01; Unicode character offsets [18669:19020] (end exclusive); SHA-256 7bf3b1d827eec8d7df6358d4749a34a273906690b6835d5cd27a842407c6624d.Includes cultivation/harvesting (21 U.S.C. § 802(22)) and chemical synthesis or conversion.