AND · 15usc78j:commerce
Shared introductory jurisdictional hook; distinct from the transaction connection and from territorial reach of section 10(b). Territorial limits require separate analysis and are not resolved by incidental use of U.S. communications.
Exact element source
by the use of any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce or of the mails, or of any facility of any national securities exchangeSource:
docroot/ir/usc/title15.jsonl#title15_sec78j; Unicode character offsets [104:241] (end exclusive); SHA-256 8ceaded2a57e5b49e22a4766033c8899ebfd730667700a031b8db7f80ea91e32.Routes and case patterns
No routes recorded for this element.
How courts decided this element
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