/us/604/423

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If the offense can be committed without the use, at- tempted use, or threatened use of force, it is not a crime of violence under the elements clause.

/us/604/423

If the offense can be committed without the use, at- tempted use, or threatened use of force, it is not a crime of violence under the elements clause.
Source: docroot/ir/caselaw/clus_604.jsonl#/us/604/423; Unicode character offsets [9683:9833] (end exclusive); SHA-256 ce075d84ebc48a2f0e1db83c84e8b1293c79422fd00858fbb16f45620d9ad8ca.

Delligatti, 604 U.S. 423 (2025), reaffirms the categorical method and holds that deliberate injury or death can involve force even by omission of a legal duty. Taylor does not exclude every attempt offense; compare attempted murder. Davis invalidates (c)(3)(B). Taylor, 596 U.S. 845 (2022), requires the categorical elements inquiry and holds attempted Hobbs Act robbery does not qualify; actual violent facts cannot repair a missing statutory force element. These rulings do not erase the separate drug-trafficking alternative. Official opinions and local-IR availability are recorded in NOTES.