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{"id": "902b97721f0aa416", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_113/0747_01/index.html", "start": 660, "end": 673, "quote": "155 N. Y. 466", "context": " he is entitled to the most favorable inference deducible from the- evidence. (Higgins v. Eagleton, 155 N. Y. 466.) It appears that at- the time of the accident the plaintiff, a laborer,, was engaged in an attempt", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "155 N.Y. 466", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_155/0466_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b1a572be224a1ab9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_113/0747_01/index.html", "start": 6477, "end": 6489, "quote": "167 N. Y. 66", "context": "ry ought to pass upon , that question in the first .instance. (McDonald v. Metropolitan St. R. Co., 167 N. Y. 66.)\n• The judgment' and order must, therefore, be reversed and a new trial granted, costs to abide th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "167 N.Y. 66", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_167/0066_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a61b911e4f470edb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 18645, "end": 18656, "quote": "43 N. Y. 34", "context": "ents. Under the Hew York cases a cause of action is stated.\nThe leading case is Freeman v. Freeman (43 N. Y. 34). Grover, J., said: “ The question then is, whether a parol promise by one owning lands to give the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 N.Y. 34", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_43/0034_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6b60ded4ad2f6a4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 21643, "end": 21658, "quote": "33 How. Pr. 347", "context": " the land to such party, constitute hi equity a consideration for the promise. [Lobdell v. Lobdell, 33 How. Pr. 347; 32 id. 1; Crosbie v. M’Doual, 13 Vesey, 147; Shepherd v. Bevin, 9 Gill, 32; Parsons on Contract, 3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "33 How. Pr. 347", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8bf2e8b11087aec7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 21663, "end": 21668, "quote": "id. 1", "context": "rty, constitute hi equity a consideration for the promise. [Lobdell v. Lobdell, 33 How. Pr. 347; 32 id. 1; Crosbie v. M’Doual, 13 Vesey, 147; Shepherd v. Bevin, 9 Gill, 32; Parsons on Contract, 3 vol., p. ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec40f716832941c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 21724, "end": 21734, "quote": "9 Gill, 32", "context": "obdell v. Lobdell, 33 How. Pr. 347; 32 id. 1; Crosbie v. M’Doual, 13 Vesey, 147; Shepherd v. Bevin, 9 Gill, 32; Parsons on Contract, 3 vol., p. 359.] The Statute of Frauds has no bearing upon the case. If the p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 Gill, 32", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9109a10920dcd0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 21972, "end": 21977, "quote": "§ 10.", "context": " the circumstances, be enforced in equity, it may be, although by parol. (2 Statutes at Large, 139, § 10. )”\nIn Young v. Overbaugh (145 N. Y. 158) plaintiff brought ejectment to recover the possession o£ l", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab32d8f83e728be7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 22004, "end": 22017, "quote": "145 N. Y. 158", "context": "in equity, it may be, although by parol. (2 Statutes at Large, 139, § 10. )”\nIn Young v. Overbaugh (145 N. Y. 158) plaintiff brought ejectment to recover the possession o£ land and a dwelling thereon, occupied by ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "145 N.Y. 158", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_145/0158_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dad315a3d5d5874c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 23109, "end": 23117, "quote": "(supra),", "context": "t compensated the donee and relieved the donor’s obligation.” After quoting from Freeman v. Freeman (supra), the opinion continues: “It was said by Parker, J., in Lobdell v. Lobdell (36 N. Y. at page 331): ‘ ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "43 N.Y. 34", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_43/0034_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c72906e88e104dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 23192, "end": 23212, "quote": "36 N. Y. at page 331", "context": "eeman v. Freeman (supra), the opinion continues: “It was said by Parker, J., in Lobdell v. Lobdell (36 N. Y. at page 331): ‘ If the promisee, on the faith of the promise, does some act, or enters into some engagement, wh", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c112479868fc8bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 24310, "end": 24322, "quote": "64 N. Y. 286", "context": "the case as taken out of the operation of the statute by the part performance. ”\nIn Miller v. Ball (64 N. Y. 286) Judge Earl used this language: “ The principle upon which courts of equity hold that part performa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 N.Y. 286", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_64/0286_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0ebf2b785bdf4f75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 25305, "end": 25321, "quote": "97 App. Div. 347", "context": " has always been held to take such agreement out of the operation qf the statute.”\nIn Ball v. Ball (97 App. Div. 347) Hirschberg, P. J., said: “The action is in equity and the right to judgment depends only upon a de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 A.D. 347", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_97/0347_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a2849df0c27ba8a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 26244, "end": 26257, "quote": "134 N. Y. 489", "context": "o obtain title and the right to possession should be cancelled and annulled.”\nIn McFadden v. Allen (134 N. Y. 489), Follett, Ch. J., said: “The plaintiff testified that it was orally agreed between himself and his", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 N.Y. 489", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_134/0489_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38cea1d2d3771473", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 26960, "end": 26971, "quote": "43 N. Y. 34", "context": "e mortgage could have compelled a conveyance of the legal title by his father. (Freeman v. Freeman, 43 N. Y. 34.) The plaintiff could have devised the land, and, had he died intestate, his interest held under th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 N.Y. 34", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_43/0034_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dafba042e9ad2a80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 30060, "end": 30064, "quote": "§ 10", "context": "to defendants to withdraw demurrers and answer on payment of costs.\n9th ed.— [Rep.\nSee 3 R. S. 135, § 10; Real Prop. Law (Gen. Laws, chap. 46; Laws of 1896, chap. 547), § 334; Real Prop. Law (Consol. Laws", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "44e17341fbaa5a39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 30129, "end": 30134, "quote": "§ 334", "context": "th ed.— [Rep.\nSee 3 R. S. 135, § 10; Real Prop. Law (Gen. Laws, chap. 46; Laws of 1896, chap. 547), § 334; Real Prop. Law (Consol. Laws, chap. 50; Laws of 1909, chap. 53), § 370.—[Rep.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9fe01fdf48affe2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_161/0366_01/index.html", "start": 30201, "end": 30207, "quote": "§ 370.", "context": "; Laws of 1896, chap. 547), § 334; Real Prop. Law (Consol. Laws, chap. 50; Laws of 1909, chap. 53), § 370.—[Rep.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a6fd1ab4b964dc3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_178/0884_02/index.html", "start": 1185, "end": 1194, "quote": "section 6", "context": " the Laws of 1894. In this act the power of the commissioners to appoint a clerk was re-enacted. By section 6 of the latter act it was provided that the awards by the commissioners should become a charge again", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0fb3f4f82a8789a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_178/0884_02/index.html", "start": 1993, "end": 1995, "quote": "(§", "context": "g said compensation to the commissioners, shall be payable as provided in section six of this act.” (§ 7.) The act was subsequently amended several times, but none of these amendments affect the questio", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7cbfe4bf7212b959", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_178/0884_02/index.html", "start": 1994, "end": 1998, "quote": "§ 7.", "context": " said compensation to the commissioners, shall be payable as provided in section six of this act.” (§ 7.) The act was subsequently amended several times, but none of these amendments affect the questions ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "505b45b008a4aed1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_178/0884_02/index.html", "start": 4854, "end": 4867, "quote": "197 N. Y. 266", "context": " done. In my opinion this objection is answered by the ease of Davidson v. Village of White Plains (197 N. Y. 266). That action arose out of a contract for furnishing a pumping engine purchased by the water commis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "197 N.Y. 266", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_197/0266_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "18e898adcd1bdbeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_178/0884_02/index.html", "start": 6831, "end": 6843, "quote": "66 N. Y. 585", "context": " distinction between a case like that which he was then considering and cases like Dannat v. Mayor (66 N. Y. 585) and Swift v. Mayor, etc. (83 id. 528) which are much relied upon by the respondent. In each of the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 N.Y. 585", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_66/0585_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b651b7bd4e299ccd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_178/0884_02/index.html", "start": 6874, "end": 6881, "quote": "id. 528", "context": " he was then considering and cases like Dannat v. Mayor (66 N. Y. 585) and Swift v. Mayor, etc. (83 id. 528) which are much relied upon by the respondent. In each of these eases the department or instrumenta", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3a61cc1a703497f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_178/0884_02/index.html", "start": 7246, "end": 7263, "quote": "108 App. Div. 263", "context": "payment was to be made. The same distinction applies to Fidelity & Deposit Co. v. City of New York (108 App. Div. 263). In the present ease the act under which the change of grade damage commission acted expressly pro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 A.D. 263", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_108/0263_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "937a25a4f18a19fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_178/0884_02/index.html", "start": 8554, "end": 8570, "quote": "45 App. Div. 537", "context": "at ant was passed and no such certificate was required in his case. (People ex rel. Wilson v. Knox, 45 App. Div. 537, 542.) The question remains whether plaintiff continued to hold office during the interregnum of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 A.D. 537", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_45/0537_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4a836942fe931d76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 1439, "end": 1457, "quote": "122 Misc. Rep. 288", "context": "rkmen’s Compensation Law of 1922, and that plaintiff administratrix could not maintain the action. (122 Misc. Rep. 288.)\nThe plaintiff contends that the construction of the tunnel in question between the States of New ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 Misc. 288", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9c613449dd48f15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 3232, "end": 3239, "quote": "id. 291", "context": "ed that the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (35 U. S. Stat. at Large, 65, chap. 149, as amd. by 36 id. 291, chap. 143) applied to decedent, whereas, plaintiff says, defendant was not a common carrier or eng", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "122 Misc. 288", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e0278e8aa0635e59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 3946, "end": 3959, "quote": "259 U. S. 182", "context": "losely related to it as to be practically a part of it? ” (Industrial Accident Commission v. Davis, 259 U. S. 182, 185; Conklin v. New York Central R. R. Co., 206 App. Div. 524.)\nThe appellant contends that the co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "259 U.S. 182", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5e2dc73d1020fad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 4005, "end": 4022, "quote": "206 App. Div. 524", "context": "Industrial Accident Commission v. Davis, 259 U. S. 182, 185; Conklin v. New York Central R. R. Co., 206 App. Div. 524.)\nThe appellant contends that the construction of the tunnel was work “ done in navigable waters; ”", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "206 A.D. 524", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_206/0524_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3999ce20c09e5f48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 4815, "end": 4818, "quote": "§ 7", "context": "w York and New Jersey is defined in the agreement of 1833 between the States (confirmed, State Law, § 7): “ Article First.— The boundary line between the two States of New-York and New-Jersey, from a poi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8d9cee0e11d3f61", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 6112, "end": 6114, "quote": "§5", "context": "ound on said shore or fastened to the wharves or docks. (See, also, 4 Comp. Stat. N. J. 5358, 5359, §5 et seq.) The Federal government assented to the agreement of 1833 between the States by act of Cong", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f74ff3b49a7a8301", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 6581, "end": 6594, "quote": "196 U. S. 407", "context": ". Y. Laws of 1834, chap. 8; N. J. Laws of 1833-34, p. 118; Hamburg American Steamship Co. v. Grube, 196 U. S. 407, affg. 176 N. Y. 383.)\nSo I conclude that the land under the water of the Hudson river does not bel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "196 U.S. 407", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b58598dcbce550b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 6602, "end": 6615, "quote": "176 N. Y. 383", "context": "ap. 8; N. J. Laws of 1833-34, p. 118; Hamburg American Steamship Co. v. Grube, 196 U. S. 407, affg. 176 N. Y. 383.)\nSo I conclude that the land under the water of the Hudson river does not belong to the Federal go", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 N.Y. 383", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_176/0383_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1a3825529f69a1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 6827, "end": 6830, "quote": "§ 8", "context": "e Federal government is granted the power to regulate commerce and navigation (U. S. Const, art. 1, § 8, subd. 3), and as to such commerce and navigation in the waters of the river its right is supreme. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5bf42ed95b194806", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 7004, "end": 7017, "quote": "228 N. Y. 203", "context": "ver its right is supreme. This is what is decided in People v. Hudson River Connecting R. R. Corp. (228 N. Y. 203), cited by appellant. That case had to do with a bridge over the waters of the river and the right ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "228 N.Y. 203", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_228/0203_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ed51750347c33247", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 7953, "end": 7966, "quote": "188 U. S. 410", "context": "he Federal government so far as concerns the public rights of navigation. (See Cummings v. Chicago, 188 U. S. 410.) ”\nNor was the decedent engaged in interstate commerce. Until completion the tunnel was an inchoat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "188 U.S. 410", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ab726bab85bd421", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 8823, "end": 8836, "quote": "257 U. S. 469", "context": "the course of construction was not governed by maritime law. (Grant Smith-Porter Ship Co. v. Rohde, 257 U. S. 469, 475, 476.)\nThe respondent cites Jackson v. Chicago, M. & St. P. R. Co. (210 Fed. Rep. 495), where ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "257 U.S. 469", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5be30e45e67c6ad5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 9296, "end": 9309, "quote": "243 U. S. 188", "context": "which actually transported interstate commerce. It was held in New York Central R. R. Co. v. White (243 U. S. 188) that employment in guarding tools and materials intended for use in the construction of a new rail", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "243 U.S. 188", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "061b81650ac9093d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 10138, "end": 10146, "quote": "(supra),", "context": "s construction work was not under Federal control. The Federal Supreme Court said in the White Case (supra), referring to the watchman guarding the tools and materials intended to be used in the construction ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cff19acf8f14df0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 10693, "end": 10706, "quote": "239 U. S. 556", "context": "ated to it as to be practically a part of it? ’ Shanks v. Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. Co., 239 U. S. 556, 558. Decedent’s work bore no direct relation to interstate transportation, and had to do solely wi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "239 U.S. 556", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3433ff1de808386f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 10938, "end": 10951, "quote": "229 U. S. 146", "context": "learly distinguishable, as was pointed out in Pedersen v. Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. Co., 229 U. S. 146, 152. And see Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. Co. v. Harrington, 241 U. S. 177, 180; Raymond v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 U.S. 146", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "caf4991664120966", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 11020, "end": 11033, "quote": "241 U. S. 177", "context": "estern R. R. Co., 229 U. S. 146, 152. And see Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. Co. v. Harrington, 241 U. S. 177, 180; Raymond v. Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. Co., this day decided, ante, 43.” It was held th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "241 U.S. 177", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62e47b594905471e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 11511, "end": 11524, "quote": "259 U. S. 263", "context": "opinion there was nothing '' maritime ” about it. (State Industrial Commission v. Nordenholt Corp., 259 U. S. 263; Riedel v. Mallory Steamship Co., 196 App. Div. 794.) In the cases cited the injured parties were e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "259 U.S. 263", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1fa2addee7c129c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 11559, "end": 11576, "quote": "196 App. Div. 794", "context": ". (State Industrial Commission v. Nordenholt Corp., 259 U. S. 263; Riedel v. Mallory Steamship Co., 196 App. Div. 794.) In the cases cited the injured parties were engaged in work connected with ships or vessels, but ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "196 A.D. 794", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_196/0794_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b13564c3fb7229a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 13027, "end": 13032, "quote": "§ 10.", "context": ", chap. 76.— [Rep.\nSee River and Harbor Appropriations Act of 1899 (30 U. S. Stat. at Large, 1151), § 10.—[Rep.\nSee 243 U. S. 43 — [Rep.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a7067a3e058ad078", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_210/0347_01/index.html", "start": 13043, "end": 13055, "quote": "243 U. S. 43", "context": "p.\nSee River and Harbor Appropriations Act of 1899 (30 U. S. Stat. at Large, 1151), § 10.—[Rep.\nSee 243 U. S. 43 — [Rep.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "243 U.S. 43", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc85c78c9f39e5f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_228/0256_01/index.html", "start": 15881, "end": 15898, "quote": "169 App. Div. 644", "context": "ipation in a fraudulent scheme. As was said regarding testimony as to character in Matter of Hawes (169 App. Div. 644, 648): “ Such testimonials have probative value when there is any question upon the evidence as to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "169 A.D. 644", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_169/0644_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "df9444afde9e0fad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_251/0826_02/index.html", "start": 581, "end": 598, "quote": "245 App. Div. 825", "context": "ould not have been excluded from the jury’s consideration. (Petersen v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., 245 App. Div. 825; Halberstadt v. New York Life Ins. Co., 194 N. Y. 1, 10, 11.) Although no exception was taken to th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "245 A.D. 825", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_245/0825_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "47357bd2b397f24f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_251/0826_02/index.html", "start": 639, "end": 650, "quote": "194 N. Y. 1", "context": " (Petersen v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., 245 App. Div. 825; Halberstadt v. New York Life Ins. Co., 194 N. Y. 1, 10, 11.) Although no exception was taken to this erroneous instruction, we direct attention to it ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "194 N.Y. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c780c3802594d6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_256/0288_01/index.html", "start": 232, "end": 249, "quote": "241 App. Div. 629", "context": "ded upon the condition that restitution be made. Judgment of conviction was affirmed by this court (241 App. Div. 629), followed by an affirmance by the Court of Appeals (265 N. Y. 447). Pursuant to section 477 of the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "241 A.D. 629", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_241/0629_03/index.html"]}
{"id": "bddc16d9e56bc845", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_256/0288_01/index.html", "start": 303, "end": 316, "quote": "265 N. Y. 447", "context": " was affirmed by this court (241 App. Div. 629), followed by an affirmance by the Court of Appeals (265 N. Y. 447). Pursuant to section 477 of the Judiciary Law petitioner ceased to be an attorney and counselor at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "265 N.Y. 447", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_265/0447_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "be28e54061c004fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_256/0288_01/index.html", "start": 331, "end": 342, "quote": "section 477", "context": "(241 App. Div. 629), followed by an affirmance by the Court of Appeals (265 N. Y. 447). Pursuant to section 477 of the Judiciary Law petitioner ceased to be an attorney and counselor at law and was disbarred by ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c9b2ecc26720518", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_256/0288_01/index.html", "start": 479, "end": 496, "quote": "237 App. Div. 830", "context": "ed to be an attorney and counselor at law and was disbarred by this court on December 9, 1932. (See 237 App. Div. 830.)\nUnder date of May 25, 1938, the Governor issued a pardon to petitioner for the sole and exclusive", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "237 A.D. 830", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4cba584ef58b5603", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_256/0288_01/index.html", "start": 1105, "end": 1118, "quote": "245 N. Y. 423", "context": "ng proof of innocence before pardon will restore him to membership at the bar. (Matter of Kaufmann, 245 N. Y. 423.) The petitioner asserts his innocence, but he does not present any facts justifying his claim. He ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "245 N.Y. 423", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_245/0423_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "02fb802eb9e7fe4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 3409, "end": 3422, "quote": "132 N. Y. 212", "context": "nt power or jurisdiction to dissolve a religious corporation. They cite in support Hitch v. Hawley (132 N. Y. 212, 217); Osborn v. Montelac Park (89 Hun, 167); Matter of Kaminsky (251 App. Div. 132), and Harosym v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 N.Y. 212", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_132/0212_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7e48e8cfeb29189b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 3455, "end": 3466, "quote": "89 Hun, 167", "context": "us corporation. They cite in support Hitch v. Hawley (132 N. Y. 212, 217); Osborn v. Montelac Park (89 Hun, 167); Matter of Kaminsky (251 App. Div. 132), and Harosym v. St. John’s Greek Catholic Church, etc. (23", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 Hun, 167", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "116c875cc4a2d80c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 3489, "end": 3506, "quote": "251 App. Div. 132", "context": "rt Hitch v. Hawley (132 N. Y. 212, 217); Osborn v. Montelac Park (89 Hun, 167); Matter of Kaminsky (251 App. Div. 132), and Harosym v. St. John’s Greek Catholic Church, etc. (239 id. 563). These cases, when properly r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "251 A.D. 132", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_251/0132_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7bf042b2042141e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 3568, "end": 3575, "quote": "id. 563", "context": " Matter of Kaminsky (251 App. Div. 132), and Harosym v. St. John’s Greek Catholic Church, etc. (239 id. 563). These cases, when properly read in the light of their own facts, do not constitute authority for ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e182fd84ba774842", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 4368, "end": 4373, "quote": "§ 130", "context": " religious corporation in involuntary proceedings is concerned, there is none. (See Gen. Corp. Law, § 130; Religious Corp. Law, § 18; Civ. Prac. Act, § 1217, subds. 1 and 2.) The effect of appellants’ argu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f60e873c8c6d0326", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 4396, "end": 4400, "quote": "§ 18", "context": "voluntary proceedings is concerned, there is none. (See Gen. Corp. Law, § 130; Religious Corp. Law, § 18; Civ. Prac. Act, § 1217, subds. 1 and 2.) The effect of appellants’ argument in this phase is that ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a96226b6499d193", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 4418, "end": 4424, "quote": "§ 1217", "context": "is concerned, there is none. (See Gen. Corp. Law, § 130; Religious Corp. Law, § 18; Civ. Prac. Act, § 1217, subds. 1 and 2.) The effect of appellants’ argument in this phase is that the State, which granted", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "307fb0916d5e8c73", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 5272, "end": 5278, "quote": "§ 1651", "context": ".\nThe complaint states facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action. (19 C. J. S. Corporations, § 1651; Denike v. N. Y. and R. Lime, etc., Co., 80 N. Y. 599, 605; People v. Williamsburg Turnpike and B. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d166bba98f6a54de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 5320, "end": 5332, "quote": "80 N. Y. 599", "context": "itute a cause of action. (19 C. J. S. Corporations, § 1651; Denike v. N. Y. and R. Lime, etc., Co., 80 N. Y. 599, 605; People v. Williamsburg Turnpike and B. Co., 47 id. 586, 592; Harosym v. St. John’s Greek Cath", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 N.Y. 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_80/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b850e53ea945032", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 5386, "end": 5398, "quote": "id. 586, 592", "context": " v. N. Y. and R. Lime, etc., Co., 80 N. Y. 599, 605; People v. Williamsburg Turnpike and B. Co., 47 id. 586, 592; Harosym v. St. John’s Greek Catholic Church, etc., supra; Matter of Kaminsky, supra.) The Supreme ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "165a82c48ac122f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 5451, "end": 5457, "quote": "supra;", "context": "lliamsburg Turnpike and B. Co., 47 id. 586, 592; Harosym v. St. John’s Greek Catholic Church, etc., supra; Matter of Kaminsky, supra.) The Supreme Court has jurisdiction of this action. The order appealed f", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96dac71067427a35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_262/0237_01/index.html", "start": 5478, "end": 5485, "quote": "supra.)", "context": "Co., 47 id. 586, 592; Harosym v. St. John’s Greek Catholic Church, etc., supra; Matter of Kaminsky, supra.) The Supreme Court has jurisdiction of this action. The order appealed from is right and should be a", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "251 A.D. 132", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_251/0132_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "75edc11986a5a1da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_281/0753_06/index.html", "start": 262, "end": 279, "quote": "280 App. Div. 998", "context": "ther relief denied, without costs. Present — Rolan, ¡P. J., Carswell, Wenzel and MacCrate, JJ. [See 280 App. Div. 998; ante, pp. 691, 697.]\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "280 A.D. 998", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_280/0998_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1c3d6ab716f40dd2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 871, "end": 883, "quote": "165 N. Y. 98", "context": "s is a substantial right, and to deprive a party thereof is reversible error. (Heilbronn v. Herzog, 165 N. Y. 98, 104; Conselyea v. Swift, 103 id. 604; Murray v. New York Life Ins. Co., 85 id. 236 ; Millerd v. Th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 N.Y. 98", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_165/0098_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2c6f0c96fad3e9ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 914, "end": 921, "quote": "id. 604", "context": "party thereof is reversible error. (Heilbronn v. Herzog, 165 N. Y. 98, 104; Conselyea v. Swift, 103 id. 604; Murray v. New York Life Ins. Co., 85 id. 236 ; Millerd v. Thorn, 56 id. 402.) It must be decided b", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab578a84c9c2b6ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 960, "end": 963, "quote": "id.", "context": "v. Herzog, 165 N. Y. 98, 104; Conselyea v. Swift, 103 id. 604; Murray v. New York Life Ins. Co., 85 id. 236 ; Millerd v. Thorn, 56 id. 402.) It must be decided by the facts of each case, but ordinarily i", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a14c37e39d6c8837", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 991, "end": 998, "quote": "id. 402", "context": "onselyea v. Swift, 103 id. 604; Murray v. New York Life Ins. Co., 85 id. 236 ; Millerd v. Thorn, 56 id. 402.) It must be decided by the facts of each case, but ordinarily it will be determined by the pleadin", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4fcf22ea7577dc80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 1153, "end": 1166, "quote": "122 N. Y. 278", "context": "dinarily it will be determined by the pleadings themselves. (Lake Ontario National Ranle v. Judson, 122 N. Y. 278.) Upon the pleadings as they stood at tiie opening of the case the defendant clearly held the affir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 N.Y. 278", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_122/0278_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dcd4444f3683fa08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 1575, "end": 1586, "quote": "9 Daly, 166", "context": "ed by defendant’s counsel. We think this did not shift the affirmative of the issue. (Katz v. Kuhn, 9 Daly, 166.) No amendment of the complaint was asked for or had. If the complaint had been formally amended th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 Daly, 166", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e1c7354ffd99e14d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 2104, "end": 2117, "quote": "151 N. Y. 258", "context": "ow to raise the objection that plaintiffs had the affirmative under the pleadings. (Brady v. Nally, 151 N. Y. 258; Frear v. Sweet, 118 id. 454 ; Eastwood v. Retsof Mining Co., 86 Hun, 91; affd., 152 N. Y. 651.) We", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 N.Y. 258", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_151/0258_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f0e773bedb3a5397", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 2139, "end": 2142, "quote": "id.", "context": "ntiffs had the affirmative under the pleadings. (Brady v. Nally, 151 N. Y. 258; Frear v. Sweet, 118 id. 454 ; Eastwood v. Retsof Mining Co., 86 Hun, 91; affd., 152 N. Y. 651.) We, therefore, conclude tha", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "151 N.Y. 258", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_151/0258_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "db2070a341a3fd03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 2180, "end": 2190, "quote": "86 Hun, 91", "context": "dings. (Brady v. Nally, 151 N. Y. 258; Frear v. Sweet, 118 id. 454 ; Eastwood v. Retsof Mining Co., 86 Hun, 91; affd., 152 N. Y. 651.) We, therefore, conclude that the court did not err in ruling that the defen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 Hun, 91", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f50d5eb5f431aa2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 2199, "end": 2212, "quote": "152 N. Y. 651", "context": "lly, 151 N. Y. 258; Frear v. Sweet, 118 id. 454 ; Eastwood v. Retsof Mining Co., 86 Hun, 91; affd., 152 N. Y. 651.) We, therefore, conclude that the court did not err in ruling that the defendant had the affirmati", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "152 N.Y. 651", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_152/0651_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a26b9583f859c62b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 15220, "end": 15231, "quote": "91 Hun, 363", "context": "ration, if there was originally no consideration, or if the debt had been paid. (Earle v. Robinson, 91 Hun, 363.) It is not claimed that the receivers lost anything by reason of the extension or by reason of the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Hun, 363", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a638bccb5590c3f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 15918, "end": 15935, "quote": "15 Misc. Rep. 116", "context": " take his pro rata share of the assets of E. S. Jaffray & Co. when distributed. (Sickels v. Herold, 15 Misc. Rep. 116; 149 N. Y. 332; Stapylton v. Cie Des Phosphates De France, 88 Fed. Rep. 53.)\nWhen this case was bef", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 Misc. 116", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d501c2bee65d762c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 15937, "end": 15950, "quote": "149 N. Y. 332", "context": "share of the assets of E. S. Jaffray & Co. when distributed. (Sickels v. Herold, 15 Misc. Rep. 116; 149 N. Y. 332; Stapylton v. Cie Des Phosphates De France, 88 Fed. Rep. 53.)\nWhen this case was before the Appella", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "149 N.Y. 332", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_149/0332_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a22eba307be133d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_65/0404_01/index.html", "start": 16181, "end": 16197, "quote": "15 App. Div. 615", "context": "tment, on appeal from a judgment in favor of plaintiff granted on the pleadings (Jaffray v. Hunter, 15 App. Div. 615), the decision of the court that the answer stated a good defense appears from the opinion to have ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 A.D. 615", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_15/0615_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "39837740b7e83d4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_77/0176_01/index.html", "start": 7911, "end": 7924, "quote": "113 N. Y. 462", "context": "n was a fair one, and that no undue advantage of the plaintiff was taken by him. (Green v. Roworth, 113 N. Y. 462; Fisher v. Bishop, 108 id. 25 ; Cowee v. Cornell, 75 id. 99; Rosevear v. Sullivan, 47 App. Div. 421", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 N.Y. 462", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_113/0462_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f01b4d5741565dc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_77/0176_01/index.html", "start": 7948, "end": 7951, "quote": "id.", "context": "dvantage of the plaintiff was taken by him. (Green v. Roworth, 113 N. Y. 462; Fisher v. Bishop, 108 id. 25 ; Cowee v. Cornell, 75 id. 99; Rosevear v. Sullivan, 47 App. Div. 421.) Every contract must be f", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "113 N.Y. 462", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_113/0462_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b64a3eff92b5145", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_77/0176_01/index.html", "start": 7978, "end": 7984, "quote": "id. 99", "context": "taken by him. (Green v. Roworth, 113 N. Y. 462; Fisher v. Bishop, 108 id. 25 ; Cowee v. Cornell, 75 id. 99; Rosevear v. Sullivan, 47 App. Div. 421.) Every contract must be fair — that is, it must be free fr", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68cc06d061cb6465", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad/volume_77/0176_01/index.html", "start": 8008, "end": 8024, "quote": "47 App. Div. 421", "context": "h, 113 N. Y. 462; Fisher v. Bishop, 108 id. 25 ; Cowee v. Cornell, 75 id. 99; Rosevear v. Sullivan, 47 App. Div. 421.) Every contract must be fair — that is, it must be free from deceit, fraud or misrepresentation pr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 A.D. 421", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_47/0421_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3713d7d8bac573b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_111/0414_02/index.html", "start": 451, "end": 462, "quote": "60 NY2d 636", "context": "e failed, as a matter of law, to preserve his claim for appellate review (see, People v Pellegrino, 60 NY2d 636; People v Adams, 46 NY2d 1047; People v Santiago, 100 AD2d 857). In any event, the court properly a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 N.Y.2d 636", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_60/0636_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "757558e2b9048e94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_111/0414_02/index.html", "start": 480, "end": 492, "quote": "46 NY2d 1047", "context": " to preserve his claim for appellate review (see, People v Pellegrino, 60 NY2d 636; People v Adams, 46 NY2d 1047; People v Santiago, 100 AD2d 857). In any event, the court properly accepted defendant’s guilty ple", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 N.Y.2d 1047", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_46/1047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "876c80ead32c3923", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_111/0414_02/index.html", "start": 513, "end": 525, "quote": "100 AD2d 857", "context": "ate review (see, People v Pellegrino, 60 NY2d 636; People v Adams, 46 NY2d 1047; People v Santiago, 100 AD2d 857). In any event, the court properly accepted defendant’s guilty plea to burglary in the third degree", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 A.D.2d 857", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_100/0857_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a7e39b63028455a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_111/0414_02/index.html", "start": 756, "end": 765, "quote": "61 NY2d 9", "context": "his decision to plead guilty was the result of an informed and voluntary decision (People v Harris, 61 NY2d 9).\nFurthermore, defendant’s contention that the sentence was unduly harsh and excessive is without m", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 N.Y.2d 9", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_61/0009_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9fc208e08731f488", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_111/0414_02/index.html", "start": 1120, "end": 1132, "quote": "101 AD2d 816", "context": "he bargained for in entering the plea, defendant cannot now be heard to complain (People v Kazepis, 101 AD2d 816). Accordingly, we affirm the judgment appealed from. Mangano, J. P., Gibbons, Bracken and Kunzeman,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 A.D.2d 816", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_101/0816_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2fb0f38c2405a125", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_114/0438_01/index.html", "start": 1429, "end": 1441, "quote": "103 AD2d 252", "context": "f fact are present precluding the granting of summary judgment (see, Krupp v Aetna Life & Cas. Co., 103 AD2d 252, 261).\nDuring her examination before trial and in her bill of particulars plaintiff stated that on ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 A.D.2d 252", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_103/0252_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c008a02525b63c83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_114/0438_01/index.html", "start": 2036, "end": 2047, "quote": "50 NY2d 507", "context": "hich was likely to pose a risk to the safety of visitors (see, e.g., Nallan v Helmsley-Spear, Inc., 50 NY2d 507, 519). Under all the circumstances of this case, issues of fact as to whether the defendant’s acts ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 N.Y.2d 507", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_50/0507_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ecf010c57a18581f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_114/0438_01/index.html", "start": 2303, "end": 2318, "quote": "supra, at p 519", "context": "e are properly questions to be determined by the trier of fact (see, Nallan v Helmsley-Spear, Inc., supra, at p 519; Cohen v Hallmark Cards, 45 NY2d 493, 499). Mangano, J. P., Thompson, Brown and Eiber, JJ., concur.", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "50 N.Y.2d 507", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_50/0507_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fcd7e62ba4a7fe9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_114/0438_01/index.html", "start": 2344, "end": 2355, "quote": "45 NY2d 493", "context": " by the trier of fact (see, Nallan v Helmsley-Spear, Inc., supra, at p 519; Cohen v Hallmark Cards, 45 NY2d 493, 499). Mangano, J. P., Thompson, Brown and Eiber, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 N.Y.2d 493", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_45/0493_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9560305360852713", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_120/0852_01/index.html", "start": 1453, "end": 1465, "quote": "105 AD2d 895", "context": " the control exercised over a claimant is a significant factor (Matter of Want Ad Digest [Roberts], 105 AD2d 895; Matter of Ted Is Back Corp. [Roberts] 103 AD2d 932, affd 64 NY2d 725).\nThe relationship between th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 A.D.2d 895", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_105/0895_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cf174f0aabba364a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_120/0852_01/index.html", "start": 1505, "end": 1517, "quote": "103 AD2d 932", "context": "ant factor (Matter of Want Ad Digest [Roberts], 105 AD2d 895; Matter of Ted Is Back Corp. [Roberts] 103 AD2d 932, affd 64 NY2d 725).\nThe relationship between the two parties resulted from claimant’s answering Sta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 A.D.2d 932", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_103/0932_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8358bc2156cbc07e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_120/0852_01/index.html", "start": 1524, "end": 1535, "quote": "64 NY2d 725", "context": "of Want Ad Digest [Roberts], 105 AD2d 895; Matter of Ted Is Back Corp. [Roberts] 103 AD2d 932, affd 64 NY2d 725).\nThe relationship between the two parties resulted from claimant’s answering State Line’s newspape", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 N.Y.2d 725", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_64/0725_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "51dfd796b5b092d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_120/0852_01/index.html", "start": 3417, "end": 3429, "quote": "103 AD2d 882", "context": "ect the control was similar to that which we observed in Matter of Paragon Process Serv. (Roberts) (103 AD2d 882), where the attorneys engaging the services of the process service organization established the var", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 A.D.2d 882", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_103/0882_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6cf168641d308465", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_120/0852_01/index.html", "start": 3737, "end": 3748, "quote": "56 NY2d 895", "context": "claimant as to constitute an employer-employee relationship (see, Matter of 12 Cornelia St. [Ross], 56 NY2d 895; Matter of Paragon Process Serv. [Roberts] supra, p 882).\nDecision reversed, without costs, employe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 N.Y.2d 895", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_56/0895_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "467b54bbceb7507f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_120/0852_01/index.html", "start": 3792, "end": 3804, "quote": "supra, p 882", "context": "ship (see, Matter of 12 Cornelia St. [Ross], 56 NY2d 895; Matter of Paragon Process Serv. [Roberts] supra, p 882).\nDecision reversed, without costs, employer’s objection to claimant’s eligibility for benefits is ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ebc665b4237a7a72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_120/0852_01/index.html", "start": 4702, "end": 4713, "quote": "59 NY2d 638", "context": "ery assignments — most of which had time deadlines for completion (see, Matter of Di Martino [Ross] 59 NY2d 638); second, workers like claimant were responsible for completing bills of lading displaying, not the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 N.Y.2d 638", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0566bceed5a8f09f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_120/0852_01/index.html", "start": 5120, "end": 5136, "quote": "281 App Div 1051", "context": "r not the customer ultimately paid it for the the services rendered (see, Matter of Rinaldi [Corsi] 281 App Div 1051, Iv denied 306 NY 982). And it is of some significance, as the Board recognized, that employment of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "281 A.D. 1051", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad/volume_281/1051_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "daaf40a148d5790d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_120/0852_01/index.html", "start": 5148, "end": 5158, "quote": "306 NY 982", "context": "y paid it for the the services rendered (see, Matter of Rinaldi [Corsi] 281 App Div 1051, Iv denied 306 NY 982). And it is of some significance, as the Board recognized, that employment of delivery persons was ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "306 N.Y. 982", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d194bbdc6c6a31b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_131/0873_02/index.html", "start": 617, "end": 628, "quote": "66 NY2d 796", "context": "o evidence that the defendant was deprived of meaningful representation (see, People v Satterfield, 66 NY2d 796; People v Baldi, 54 NY2d 137, 147).\nMoreover, the defendant failed to preserve an objection to his ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 N.Y.2d 796", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_66/0796_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "260d3f136b9d6316", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_131/0873_02/index.html", "start": 646, "end": 657, "quote": "54 NY2d 137", "context": " was deprived of meaningful representation (see, People v Satterfield, 66 NY2d 796; People v Baldi, 54 NY2d 137, 147).\nMoreover, the defendant failed to preserve an objection to his plea by not moving in the cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 N.Y.2d 137", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_54/0137_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa1b819322f4926e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_131/0873_02/index.html", "start": 826, "end": 837, "quote": "60 NY2d 636", "context": "s plea by not moving in the court of first instance to withdraw the plea (see, People v Pellegrino, 60 NY2d 636; People v Green, 111 AD2d 349). Mollen, P. J., Brown, Weinstein, Fiber and Harwood, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 N.Y.2d 636", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_60/0636_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9bb26c7345710673", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_131/0873_02/index.html", "start": 855, "end": 867, "quote": "111 AD2d 349", "context": "ourt of first instance to withdraw the plea (see, People v Pellegrino, 60 NY2d 636; People v Green, 111 AD2d 349). Mollen, P. J., Brown, Weinstein, Fiber and Harwood, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 A.D.2d 349", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_111/0349_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0dbf96416083d57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 1574, "end": 1588, "quote": "42 Misc 2d 239", "context": "ation of the same question” (In re White, 45 F 237, 239; see, e.g., People ex rel. Grant v Doherty, 42 Misc 2d 239, revd on other grounds 21 AD2d 829; cf., e.g., People ex rel. Chakouian v Hoy, 17 Misc 2d 331; see ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 Misc. 2d 239", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2fe709807ed6e617", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 1612, "end": 1623, "quote": "21 AD2d 829", "context": "te, 45 F 237, 239; see, e.g., People ex rel. Grant v Doherty, 42 Misc 2d 239, revd on other grounds 21 AD2d 829; cf., e.g., People ex rel. Chakouian v Hoy, 17 Misc 2d 331; see also, People ex rel. Hall v Casscle", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 A.D.2d 829", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_21/0829_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a2964604fe292d74", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 1668, "end": 1682, "quote": "17 Misc 2d 331", "context": "erty, 42 Misc 2d 239, revd on other grounds 21 AD2d 829; cf., e.g., People ex rel. Chakouian v Hoy, 17 Misc 2d 331; see also, People ex rel. Hall v Casscles, 51 AD2d 623). Upon reviewing the record on appeal, exclu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 Misc. 2d 331", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b71a11492fc90eb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 1726, "end": 1737, "quote": "51 AD2d 623", "context": "f., e.g., People ex rel. Chakouian v Hoy, 17 Misc 2d 331; see also, People ex rel. Hall v Casscles, 51 AD2d 623). Upon reviewing the record on appeal, excluding exhibits that are dehors the record, we find that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 A.D.2d 623", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_51/0623_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ebad7983d662bf90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 1903, "end": 1916, "quote": "supra, at 239", "context": "e dehors the record, we find that the petitioner has not met his burden of proof (see, In re White, supra, at 239). Nor does the detainer subject the petitioner to double jeopardy since it appears that there was n", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab6f9af7381f6266", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 2280, "end": 2291, "quote": "51 AD2d 641", "context": " by the demanding State. Jeopardy never attached to the [petitioner]” (People ex rel. Cook v Gavel, 51 AD2d 641, 642; see also, Bassing v Cady, 208 US 386). Additionally, the record belies the petitioner’s claim", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 A.D.2d 641", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_51/0641_03/index.html"]}
{"id": "35546dacc0359a12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 2324, "end": 2334, "quote": "208 US 386", "context": "ched to the [petitioner]” (People ex rel. Cook v Gavel, 51 AD2d 641, 642; see also, Bassing v Cady, 208 US 386). Additionally, the record belies the petitioner’s claim that the South Carolina arrest warrant was", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "208 U.S. 386", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c8fc8de09aa27869", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 2713, "end": 2728, "quote": "116 Misc 2d 634", "context": "rant of another State or to dismiss the underlying charges (see, People ex rel. Albuequrque v Ward, 116 Misc 2d 634, 635; Matter of Baker v Schubin, 72 Misc 2d 413).\nLastly, the petitioner does not dispute the fact ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 Misc. 2d 634", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cbd838d316e2b5c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 2762, "end": 2776, "quote": "72 Misc 2d 413", "context": "g charges (see, People ex rel. Albuequrque v Ward, 116 Misc 2d 634, 635; Matter of Baker v Schubin, 72 Misc 2d 413).\nLastly, the petitioner does not dispute the fact that he failed to comply with the \"Agreement on ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 Misc. 2d 413", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "231a7d0b45a34762", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 3221, "end": 3233, "quote": "122 AD2d 303", "context": "ourt properly found no reason to dismiss the detainer warrant (see, Matter of Beauchene v Coughlin, 122 AD2d 303). \"The power of a New York court to dismiss detainers, if any such power exists under the agreement", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 A.D.2d 303", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_122/0303_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "18b56e9387c8a367", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_153/0629_01/index.html", "start": 3539, "end": 3552, "quote": "supra, at 304", "context": "ther regards, New York lacks jurisdiction to dismiss the detainer” (Matter of Beauchene v Coughlin, supra, at 304). Mollen, P. J., Thompson, Lawrence and Fiber, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "122 A.D.2d 303", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_122/0303_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "be77bb852f802243", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 1165, "end": 1169, "quote": "§45,", "context": "inmates of the county jail as mandated by 9 NYCRR part 7028, promulgated pursuant to Correction Law §45, (2) failed to respond and to implement petitioner’s directive of July 17, 1986 regarding the provis", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1cc3166b5034b719", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 2082, "end": 2086, "quote": "§ 46", "context": "found that petitioner’s proceeding was couched in terms of relief sought pursuant to Correction Law § 46 (4) and that it was appropriately denominated by petitioner as a special proceeding in the nature o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "252ceeabac41c101", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 2563, "end": 2567, "quote": "§ 46", "context": "nsued.\nPetitioner contends that it never intended to restrict itself to relief under Correction Law § 46 (4) and that the nature of the proceeding is a CPLR article 78 proceeding to force respondents to c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1d0e974601e3cee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 3568, "end": 3573, "quote": "§ 145", "context": "ests the duty, the performance of which is sought to be compelled (see, 24 Carmody-Wait 2d, NY Prac § 145:265, at 64). In the instant circumstances, the Sheriff is responsible for the safekeeping of inmate", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "917fa5e270d02bdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 3721, "end": 3728, "quote": "§ 500-c", "context": "Sheriff is responsible for the safekeeping of inmates committed to his custody under Correction Law § 500-c, while the county is obligated to provide and maintain the jail building under County Law § 217. Re", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "781e77f55a670fde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 3819, "end": 3825, "quote": "§ 217.", "context": "w § 500-c, while the county is obligated to provide and maintain the jail building under County Law § 217. Respondent County Executive is mandated under Alternative County Government Law § 155 to implement ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4eee3e5f70864808", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 3906, "end": 3911, "quote": "§ 155", "context": "r County Law § 217. Respondent County Executive is mandated under Alternative County Government Law § 155 to implement and comply with the laws of New York State. Respondent chairperson of the county legis", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "299802b2326a8d92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 4103, "end": 4109, "quote": "§§ 450", "context": "ty legislature is to make recommendations on legislation to the county legislature (see, County Law §§ 450, 150-a). All are appropriate parties in this proceeding. The petition further states that petitione", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09d4871cde155d75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 4252, "end": 4256, "quote": "§ 45", "context": "is proceeding. The petition further states that petitioner is empowered, pursuant to Correction Law § 45 (6), to promulgate rules and regulations establishing minimum standards for the care, custody, corr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "26c2031e7314ad51", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 5334, "end": 5345, "quote": "62 AD2d 682", "context": " gives appropriate standards and limitation to rules promulgated thereunder. In McNulty v Chinlund (62 AD2d 682, 687), this court held that \"[t]he Legislature may constitutionally grant rule-making power to the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "62 A.D.2d 682", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_62/0682_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "24334e82897cd7f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 5631, "end": 5634, "quote": "§45", "context": "ovides standards to govern its exercise”. We thus reject the Sheriff’s argument that Correction Law §45 (6) sets inadequate guidelines. The rules and regulations made pursuant thereto are valid.\nWe also ", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "038ae58261f65e8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 6230, "end": 6237, "quote": "§ 500-a", "context": " county to maintain the county jail and contradicts the right granted to counties in Correction Law § 500-a (5) to continue use of existing buildings as county jails. This issue has been resolved by our pron", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dfbb1d209924980e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 6369, "end": 6383, "quote": "(supra, at 687", "context": " buildings as county jails. This issue has been resolved by our pronouncement in McNulty v Chinlund (supra, at 687), where we held that the State Legislature has the power to limit the rights granted to counties vi", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "62 A.D.2d 682", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_62/0682_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "692f0f49ca323987", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 6602, "end": 6612, "quote": "4 NY2d 609", "context": "s and that these can be limited, curtailed and abolished (see, Matter of County of Cayuga v McHugh, 4 NY2d 609). The Legislature, by the authority vested in petitioner to promulgate rules and regulations, has i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 N.Y.2d 609", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_4/0609_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "df51831a70ee3cd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 7550, "end": 7561, "quote": "61 NY2d 525", "context": " may ultimately entail the necessity of additional fiscal appropriations (see, Klostermann v Cuomo, 61 NY2d 525 [State]; Matter of Dental Socy. v Carey, 61 NY2d 330 [State]; Matter of Baum v Town Bd., 98 AD2d 91", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 N.Y.2d 525", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_61/0525_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1daf61a762b4b130", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 7603, "end": 7614, "quote": "61 NY2d 330", "context": "scal appropriations (see, Klostermann v Cuomo, 61 NY2d 525 [State]; Matter of Dental Socy. v Carey, 61 NY2d 330 [State]; Matter of Baum v Town Bd., 98 AD2d 918, 919 [local government]). Nonetheless, the courts a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 N.Y.2d 330", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_61/0330_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5ca5b448af89a8d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 7651, "end": 7662, "quote": "98 AD2d 918", "context": "1 NY2d 525 [State]; Matter of Dental Socy. v Carey, 61 NY2d 330 [State]; Matter of Baum v Town Bd., 98 AD2d 918, 919 [local government]). Nonetheless, the courts are sensitive to separation of powers issues when", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 A.D.2d 918", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_98/0918_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ee88c0a4f5aeed13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 8144, "end": 8161, "quote": "supra, at 538-539", "context": "c officials once the substantive question of legal duty has been decided (see, Klostermann v Cuomo, supra, at 538-539; Matter of Town of Mentz v Department of Transp., 106 AD2d 870, 872).\nMoreover, even when a cause o", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "61 N.Y.2d 525", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_61/0525_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2e6f236059cbb23f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 8212, "end": 8224, "quote": "106 AD2d 870", "context": "ided (see, Klostermann v Cuomo, supra, at 538-539; Matter of Town of Mentz v Department of Transp., 106 AD2d 870, 872).\nMoreover, even when a cause of action appropriate for mandamus relief has been established, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 A.D.2d 870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_106/0870_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ddc9d4e6f3c4ff65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 8480, "end": 8490, "quote": "280 NY 361", "context": "le considerations, including feasibility and unnecessary hardship (see, Matter of Coombs v Edwards, 280 NY 361, 364-365; Matter of Warehousemen’s Assn. v Cosgrove, 241 NY 580, 581; Matter of Geller v Veteran, 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "280 N.Y. 361", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_280/0361_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e9e5c9535df98b80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 8544, "end": 8554, "quote": "241 NY 580", "context": "p (see, Matter of Coombs v Edwards, 280 NY 361, 364-365; Matter of Warehousemen’s Assn. v Cosgrove, 241 NY 580, 581; Matter of Geller v Veteran, 49 AD2d 574, appeal dismissed 38 NY2d 1003).\nBecause the judgment", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "241 N.Y. 580", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_241/0580_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67fb13814d989ddf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 8589, "end": 8600, "quote": "49 AD2d 574", "context": "1, 364-365; Matter of Warehousemen’s Assn. v Cosgrove, 241 NY 580, 581; Matter of Geller v Veteran, 49 AD2d 574, appeal dismissed 38 NY2d 1003).\nBecause the judgment appealed from arose out of a motion by respon", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 A.D.2d 574", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_49/0574_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e8a5f4f7e294555", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 8619, "end": 8631, "quote": "38 NY2d 1003", "context": "emen’s Assn. v Cosgrove, 241 NY 580, 581; Matter of Geller v Veteran, 49 AD2d 574, appeal dismissed 38 NY2d 1003).\nBecause the judgment appealed from arose out of a motion by respondents to convert the matter fro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 1003", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d044af25183579ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_157/0987_01/index.html", "start": 10107, "end": 10123, "quote": "139 Misc 2d 1087", "context": "nd, as so modified, affirmed. Mahoney, P. J., Weiss, Mikoll, Levine and Mercure, JJ., concur. [See, 139 Misc 2d 1087.]\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 Misc. 2d 1087", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c932a147164b38d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_17/0874_02/index.html", "start": 303, "end": 315, "quote": "section 1897", "context": "rst degree, and to a term of 3% to 7 years upon a plea of guilty to violation of subdivision 5-a of section 1897 of the Penal Law, carrying a concealed weapon without license. The petition for the issuance of a w", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84a58fc805aa5424", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_17/0874_02/index.html", "start": 609, "end": 621, "quote": "section 1897", "context": "rying a loaded firearm, he could not be convicted and sentenced for violation of subdivision 5-a of section 1897 of the Penal Law, as it was the same weapon referred to in both counts of the indictment. There is ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3f5cf6161dc10a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_17/0874_02/index.html", "start": 983, "end": 995, "quote": "Section 1938", "context": "e could be convicted of either count in the indictment without any relation to the remaining count. Section 1938 comes into play when the crimes charged are so interrelated that a conviction could not be had on o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7db3b10e6ad87b81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_180/0767_02/index.html", "start": 696, "end": 704, "quote": "§ 120.25", "context": "blish that he acted under \"circumstances evincing a depraved indifference to human life” (Penal Law § 120.25). We disagree. The evidence presented at the trial established that on the afternoon of November 13", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d16a794254eda52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_180/0767_02/index.html", "start": 1210, "end": 1221, "quote": "60 NY2d 620", "context": "ighbors. Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution (see, People v Contes, 60 NY2d 620), we find that it was legally sufficient to establish the defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable dou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 N.Y.2d 620", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_60/0620_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cbcda93089c5376c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_180/0767_02/index.html", "start": 1744, "end": 1753, "quote": "176 NY 84", "context": "y questions to be determined by the jury, which saw and heard the witnesses (see, People v Gaimari, 176 NY 84, 94). Its determination should be accorded great weight on appeal, and should not be disturbed unle", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 N.Y. 84", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_176/0084_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b8273e518f6a6685", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_180/0767_02/index.html", "start": 1915, "end": 1925, "quote": "44 AD2d 86", "context": "peal, and should not be disturbed unless clearly unsupported by the record (see, People v Garafolo, 44 AD2d 86, 88). Upon the exercise of our factual review power, we are satisfied that the verdict of guilt was", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 A.D.2d 86", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_44/0086_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54ae19dc21e5b059", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_180/0767_02/index.html", "start": 2646, "end": 2657, "quote": "51 NY2d 380", "context": "o enable the jury to \"intelligently understand the nature of the [subject charge]” (People v Kurtz, 51 NY2d 380, 384, cert denied 451 US 911).\nThe defendant’s additional claim that he was denied his right to hav", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 N.Y.2d 380", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_51/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c40de0f5d325b051", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_180/0767_02/index.html", "start": 2676, "end": 2686, "quote": "451 US 911", "context": "ently understand the nature of the [subject charge]” (People v Kurtz, 51 NY2d 380, 384, cert denied 451 US 911).\nThe defendant’s additional claim that he was denied his right to have a particular juror chosen (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "451 U.S. 911", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "624ba00013493a6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_180/0767_02/index.html", "start": 2806, "end": 2816, "quote": "72 NY2d 69", "context": "dditional claim that he was denied his right to have a particular juror chosen (see, People v Page, 72 NY2d 69, 73), is unpreserved for appellate review because the defendant failed to object to the juror’s dis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 N.Y.2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_72/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "717395cd4fa6e296", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_180/0767_02/index.html", "start": 3026, "end": 3037, "quote": "76 NY2d 872", "context": "a time when the trial court could correct the claimed error (see, CPL 470.05 [2]; People v Hopkins, 76 NY2d 872, 873; People v Peters, 175 AD2d 220).\nThe defendant’s sentence was neither harsh nor excessive (see", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 N.Y.2d 872", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_76/0872_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a8f98239376ccbf1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_180/0767_02/index.html", "start": 3061, "end": 3073, "quote": "175 AD2d 220", "context": "orrect the claimed error (see, CPL 470.05 [2]; People v Hopkins, 76 NY2d 872, 873; People v Peters, 175 AD2d 220).\nThe defendant’s sentence was neither harsh nor excessive (see, People v Suitte, 90 AD2d 80). Sull", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "175 A.D.2d 220", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_175/0220_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "123d23928ba2f043", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_180/0767_02/index.html", "start": 3156, "end": 3166, "quote": "90 AD2d 80", "context": "ers, 175 AD2d 220).\nThe defendant’s sentence was neither harsh nor excessive (see, People v Suitte, 90 AD2d 80). Sullivan, J. P., Eiber, O’Brien and Ritter, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 A.D.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_90/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "36a5d44fe297b20c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_182/0493_01/index.html", "start": 388, "end": 398, "quote": "97 AD2d 19", "context": "LR 3213, so long as the writing unconditionally acknowledges a debt (Maglich v Saxe, Bacon & Bolan, 97 AD2d 19).” (Blum, Gersen & Stream v 346 E. 72nd St. Assocs., 172 AD2d 444.) Nevertheless, we affirm, since ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 A.D.2d 19", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_97/0019_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "739f0f0aea4e6556", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_182/0493_01/index.html", "start": 452, "end": 464, "quote": "172 AD2d 444", "context": "ebt (Maglich v Saxe, Bacon & Bolan, 97 AD2d 19).” (Blum, Gersen & Stream v 346 E. 72nd St. Assocs., 172 AD2d 444.) Nevertheless, we affirm, since defendants’ opposition raises issues of fact as to the circumstanc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "172 A.D.2d 444", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_172/0444_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d5b9705b32772702", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_182/0783_02/index.html", "start": 2187, "end": 2198, "quote": "69 NY2d 490", "context": "nt of conviction and dismiss the indictment (see, CPL 470.15 [5]; see generally, People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490; People v Brown, 159 AD2d 716; People v Kennedy, 157 AD2d 856; People v Kidd, 76 AD2d 665).\nIn ligh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 N.Y.2d 490", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_69/0490_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bcbff11c197e7dd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_182/0783_02/index.html", "start": 2216, "end": 2228, "quote": "159 AD2d 716", "context": "the indictment (see, CPL 470.15 [5]; see generally, People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490; People v Brown, 159 AD2d 716; People v Kennedy, 157 AD2d 856; People v Kidd, 76 AD2d 665).\nIn light of that determination, we ne", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "159 A.D.2d 716", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_159/0716_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c30a4413f0792b0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_182/0783_02/index.html", "start": 2248, "end": 2260, "quote": "157 AD2d 856", "context": "[5]; see generally, People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490; People v Brown, 159 AD2d 716; People v Kennedy, 157 AD2d 856; People v Kidd, 76 AD2d 665).\nIn light of that determination, we need not address the defendant’s r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "157 A.D.2d 856", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_157/0856_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ed75471c16bb1ae6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_182/0783_02/index.html", "start": 2277, "end": 2288, "quote": "76 AD2d 665", "context": "Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490; People v Brown, 159 AD2d 716; People v Kennedy, 157 AD2d 856; People v Kidd, 76 AD2d 665).\nIn light of that determination, we need not address the defendant’s remaining arguments. Bracken,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 A.D.2d 665", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_76/0665_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4bac4f3308e45f27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 942, "end": 950, "quote": "§ 696-f.", "context": "t of 115% of the value of the inventory, costs and counsel fees as provided by General Business Law § 696-f. In defendant’s answer it asserted a counterclaim for the outstanding balance of plaintiff’s account", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac3c7aa1997e2a5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 1168, "end": 1175, "quote": "§ 696-f", "context": "legedly owed to defendant. Following a nonjury trial, Supreme Court found that General Business Law § 696-f did not apply and dismissed the complaint. The court also found in favor of defendant on its counte", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07787f242fb613e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 1413, "end": 1420, "quote": "§ 696-f", "context": "wed.\nInitially, plaintiff contends that Supreme Court erred in concluding that General Business Law § 696-f did not apply to plaintiff’s situation. We must agree. General Business Law article 33-A was enacte", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be5e221b64cde5a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 1711, "end": 1718, "quote": "§ 696-f", "context": "he farm equipment] industry” (Mem of Sen. Kehoe, Bill Jacket, L 1988, ch 688). General Business Law § 696-f (1) provides, \"Whenever any dealer enters into a dealer agreement with a supplier wherein, the deal", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd783aa3fdd58b80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 2222, "end": 2229, "quote": "§ 696-f", "context": " required by defendant to maintain the inventory by the oral dealer agreement, General Business Law § 696-f did not apply.\nWe cannot accept this reasoning. Statutory language should generally be construed ac", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e43c896d2e37fc5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 2444, "end": 2448, "quote": "§ 94", "context": "most natural and obvious sense whenever possible (see, McKinney’s Cons Laws of NY, Book 1, Statutes § 94). Where the language used by the Legislature is clear and unambiguous, resort to the legislative hi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ec01e466b416886", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 2622, "end": 2627, "quote": "§ 120", "context": "sort to the legislative history is inappropriate (see, McKinney’s Cons Laws of NY, Book 1, Statutes § 120). Here, the meaning of General Business Law § 696-f (1) is readily apparent without resort to extri", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ccbfa65148bf2ed5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 2672, "end": 2679, "quote": "§ 696-f", "context": "see, McKinney’s Cons Laws of NY, Book 1, Statutes § 120). Here, the meaning of General Business Law § 696-f (1) is readily apparent without resort to extrinsic materials. As a result, Supreme Court erred in ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3545dfbfd618164d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 3564, "end": 3576, "quote": "125 AD2d 738", "context": "e, we may render the judgment we find warranted by the facts (see, D. C. Leathers v Gelmart Indus., 125 AD2d 738, 739).\nHere, our review of the relevant, testimony, and evidence indicates that plaintiff did agree", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "125 A.D.2d 738", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_125/0738_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5ba046967f328927", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 5711, "end": 5723, "quote": "177 AD2d 967", "context": "claim for prejudgment interest at a contract rate (see, Levy, King & White Adv. v Gallery of Homes, 177 AD2d 967, 968). Accordingly, we find that the award should be reduced to reflect prejudgment interest at the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "177 A.D.2d 967", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_177/0967_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7402069463bca130", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 5916, "end": 5923, "quote": "supra).", "context": " at the statutory rate of 9% (see, CPLR 5001 [a]; 5004; Levy, King & White Adv. v Gallery of Homes, supra).\nLevine, J.\n(concurring in part and dissenting in part). I disagree with so much of the majority’s d", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "177 A.D.2d 967", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_177/0967_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1550c63678d40d8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 6501, "end": 6508, "quote": "§ 696-f", "context": "rein the dealer agrees to maintain an inventory of equipment or repair parts” (General Business Law § 696-f [1] [emphasis supplied]). To my mind, the statutory language is clear and unambiguous in imposing t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ce00dcd303bd767", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 6884, "end": 6891, "quote": "§ 696-f", "context": "upreme Court properly held.\nAny possible doubts as to the foregoing meaning of General Business Law § 696-f (1) should be completely dispelled by its legislative history. It was proposed in response to \"many", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4178bb3701d1d7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_184/0168_01/index.html", "start": 11406, "end": 11413, "quote": "§ 696-f", "context": "ajority’s application of the statute based upon the foregoing facts transforms General Business Law § 696-f (1) from a remedial enactment to protect farm equipment dealers from manufacturers’ and suppliers’ ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e010eee5d1e73fec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_193/0752_02/index.html", "start": 599, "end": 607, "quote": "§ 110.05", "context": "ed criminal possession of a controlled substance in the first degree, an A-I felony (see, Penal Law § 110.05 [1]). The plea agreement, initially struck between the defendant and the People, and accepted by th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b57dae73fb015e2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_193/0752_02/index.html", "start": 953, "end": 960, "quote": "§ 70.00", "context": "d not have been legally imposed, as the minimum term could be no less than 15 years (see, Penal Law § 70.00 [3] [a] [i]). The People correctly argue that the lesser sentence of lifetime probation ultimately ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7fd5df33c81ad98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_193/0752_02/index.html", "start": 1351, "end": 1362, "quote": "52 NY2d 302", "context": "es must be given an opportunity to withdraw from the original plea agreement (see, People v Farrar, 52 NY2d 302, 307-308).\nWe have examined the defendant’s contentions and find them to be without merit. Mangano,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 N.Y.2d 302", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_52/0302_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2a6c4e859a42a0a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 966, "end": 975, "quote": "203 NY 27", "context": "urately reported the incident as set forth in police reports and interviews (see, Bingham v Gaynor, 203 NY 27; Jung Hee Lee Han v State of New York, 186 AD2d 536; Licitra v Faraldo, 130 AD2d 555; De Gregorio v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "203 N.Y. 27", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_203/0027_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "822851e0bbc5c41d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 1015, "end": 1027, "quote": "186 AD2d 536", "context": "ice reports and interviews (see, Bingham v Gaynor, 203 NY 27; Jung Hee Lee Han v State of New York, 186 AD2d 536; Licitra v Faraldo, 130 AD2d 555; De Gregorio v CBS, Inc., 123 Misc 2d 491). Moreover, the plaintif", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "186 A.D.2d 536", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_186/0536_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "408760c9fdca46a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 1048, "end": 1060, "quote": "130 AD2d 555", "context": "Bingham v Gaynor, 203 NY 27; Jung Hee Lee Han v State of New York, 186 AD2d 536; Licitra v Faraldo, 130 AD2d 555; De Gregorio v CBS, Inc., 123 Misc 2d 491). Moreover, the plaintiff did not demonstrate any gross i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "130 A.D.2d 555", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_130/0555_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "328787597be6ea30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 1087, "end": 1102, "quote": "123 Misc 2d 491", "context": "ee Han v State of New York, 186 AD2d 536; Licitra v Faraldo, 130 AD2d 555; De Gregorio v CBS, Inc., 123 Misc 2d 491). Moreover, the plaintiff did not demonstrate any gross irresponsibility by the defendant in its in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 Misc. 2d 491", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89671a2a061d4c7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 1311, "end": 1322, "quote": "38 NY2d 196", "context": "-gathering and verification process prior to publication (see, Chapadeau v Utica Observer-Dispatch, 38 NY2d 196, 199; see also, Karaduman v Newsday, Inc., 51 NY2d 531). In opposing the motion, the plaintiff conc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 196", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0196_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6214da7c06909984", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 1366, "end": 1377, "quote": "51 NY2d 531", "context": "n (see, Chapadeau v Utica Observer-Dispatch, 38 NY2d 196, 199; see also, Karaduman v Newsday, Inc., 51 NY2d 531). In opposing the motion, the plaintiff conceded the truth of the article but claimed that the head", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 N.Y.2d 531", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_51/0531_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23188491219ef2db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 1855, "end": 1865, "quote": "475 US 767", "context": "ead and prove that the words in suit are substantially false (see, Philadelphia Newspapers v Hepps, 475 US 767, 776; Immuno AG. v Moor-Jankowski, 77 NY2d 235, cert denied 500 US 954; Steinhilber v Alphonse, 68 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "475 U.S. 767", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45e2ce1e7691a8c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 1901, "end": 1912, "quote": "77 NY2d 235", "context": "antially false (see, Philadelphia Newspapers v Hepps, 475 US 767, 776; Immuno AG. v Moor-Jankowski, 77 NY2d 235, cert denied 500 US 954; Steinhilber v Alphonse, 68 NY2d 283; Silsdorf v Levine, 59 NY2d 8, cert de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 N.Y.2d 235", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_77/0235_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "82d718130c8c70ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 1926, "end": 1936, "quote": "500 US 954", "context": "adelphia Newspapers v Hepps, 475 US 767, 776; Immuno AG. v Moor-Jankowski, 77 NY2d 235, cert denied 500 US 954; Steinhilber v Alphonse, 68 NY2d 283; Silsdorf v Levine, 59 NY2d 8, cert denied 464 US 831; Rinaldi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "500 U.S. 954", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c70d0ed02f21945", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 1962, "end": 1973, "quote": "68 NY2d 283", "context": "767, 776; Immuno AG. v Moor-Jankowski, 77 NY2d 235, cert denied 500 US 954; Steinhilber v Alphonse, 68 NY2d 283; Silsdorf v Levine, 59 NY2d 8, cert denied 464 US 831; Rinaldi v Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 42 NY2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 N.Y.2d 283", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_68/0283_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f24de68d89dd7af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 1994, "end": 2003, "quote": "59 NY2d 8", "context": "owski, 77 NY2d 235, cert denied 500 US 954; Steinhilber v Alphonse, 68 NY2d 283; Silsdorf v Levine, 59 NY2d 8, cert denied 464 US 831; Rinaldi v Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 42 NY2d 369, 379-380, cert denied 434 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 N.Y.2d 8", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_59/0008_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b1d6fb045993c8e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2017, "end": 2027, "quote": "464 US 831", "context": "t denied 500 US 954; Steinhilber v Alphonse, 68 NY2d 283; Silsdorf v Levine, 59 NY2d 8, cert denied 464 US 831; Rinaldi v Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 42 NY2d 369, 379-380, cert denied 434 US 969). The above princ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "464 U.S. 831", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a03c606b0c365927", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2065, "end": 2076, "quote": "42 NY2d 369", "context": "NY2d 283; Silsdorf v Levine, 59 NY2d 8, cert denied 464 US 831; Rinaldi v Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 42 NY2d 369, 379-380, cert denied 434 US 969). The above principles are also applicable to the headline of the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 N.Y.2d 369", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_42/0369_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce57258d3e70b7be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2099, "end": 2109, "quote": "434 US 969", "context": "2d 8, cert denied 464 US 831; Rinaldi v Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 42 NY2d 369, 379-380, cert denied 434 US 969). The above principles are also applicable to the headline of the article, which must be read and e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "434 U.S. 969", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "17417d257fa3f6e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2286, "end": 2297, "quote": "40 NY2d 415", "context": "hich must be read and evaluated in conjunction with the text it precedes (see, James v Gannett Co., 40 NY2d 415, 419; Brown v Johnson Newspapers Corp., 84 AD2d 636; Schermerhorn v Rosenberg, 73 AD2d 276). If the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 N.Y.2d 415", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_40/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c4aca90adfc8148a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2338, "end": 2349, "quote": "84 AD2d 636", "context": "the text it precedes (see, James v Gannett Co., 40 NY2d 415, 419; Brown v Johnson Newspapers Corp., 84 AD2d 636; Schermerhorn v Rosenberg, 73 AD2d 276). If the headline is a fair index of an accurate article, it", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 A.D.2d 636", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_84/0636_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d07f2c3b949c0c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2377, "end": 2388, "quote": "73 AD2d 276", "context": "ett Co., 40 NY2d 415, 419; Brown v Johnson Newspapers Corp., 84 AD2d 636; Schermerhorn v Rosenberg, 73 AD2d 276). If the headline is a fair index of an accurate article, it does not give rise to a cause of actio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 A.D.2d 276", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_73/0276_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4970945937ed092d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2530, "end": 2542, "quote": "188 AD2d 294", "context": "ccurate article, it does not give rise to a cause of action (see, e.g., Gunduz v New York Post Co., 188 AD2d 294).\nThe court erred in denying the defendant’s motion for summary judgment, as the plaintiff did not ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "188 A.D.2d 294", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_188/0294_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0b33fae37b320cd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2816, "end": 2829, "quote": "supra, at 256", "context": " triable issue as to the falsity of the article, or the headline (see, Immuno AG. v Moor-Jankowski, supra, at 256; Pollnow v Poughkeepsie Newspapers, 67 NY2d 778; Karaduman v News-day, Inc., supra, at 545; Rinaldi", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "77 N.Y.2d 235", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_77/0235_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "865060f14ed52163", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2866, "end": 2877, "quote": "67 NY2d 778", "context": "r the headline (see, Immuno AG. v Moor-Jankowski, supra, at 256; Pollnow v Poughkeepsie Newspapers, 67 NY2d 778; Karaduman v News-day, Inc., supra, at 545; Rinaldi v Holt, Rinehart & Winston, supra). Nor did he ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 N.Y.2d 778", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_67/0778_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8a52b1bdd637eae9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2907, "end": 2920, "quote": "supra, at 545", "context": "nkowski, supra, at 256; Pollnow v Poughkeepsie Newspapers, 67 NY2d 778; Karaduman v News-day, Inc., supra, at 545; Rinaldi v Holt, Rinehart & Winston, supra). Nor did he demonstrate any gross irresponsibility on t", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2108f38f8524e990", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 2958, "end": 2965, "quote": "supra).", "context": "papers, 67 NY2d 778; Karaduman v News-day, Inc., supra, at 545; Rinaldi v Holt, Rinehart & Winston, supra). Nor did he demonstrate any gross irresponsibility on the defendant’s part, as the reporter relied o", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "42 N.Y.2d 369", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_42/0369_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f452228da3ed6483", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 3194, "end": 3206, "quote": "137 AD2d 213", "context": " police and he had no reason to doubt the accuracy of such information (see, Mitchell v Herald Co., 137 AD2d 213, 217; Carlucci v Poughkeepsie Newspapers, 88 AD2d 608, affd 57 NY2d 883; Robart v Post-Standard, 52", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 A.D.2d 213", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_137/0213_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5a9871ce2026528e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 3249, "end": 3260, "quote": "88 AD2d 608", "context": "uch information (see, Mitchell v Herald Co., 137 AD2d 213, 217; Carlucci v Poughkeepsie Newspapers, 88 AD2d 608, affd 57 NY2d 883; Robart v Post-Standard, 52 NY2d 843, affg 74 AD2d 963). Bracken, J. P., Joy, Har", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 A.D.2d 608", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/0608_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "e7dc853886061ffb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 3267, "end": 3278, "quote": "57 NY2d 883", "context": "ee, Mitchell v Herald Co., 137 AD2d 213, 217; Carlucci v Poughkeepsie Newspapers, 88 AD2d 608, affd 57 NY2d 883; Robart v Post-Standard, 52 NY2d 843, affg 74 AD2d 963). Bracken, J. P., Joy, Hart and Friedmann, J", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 N.Y.2d 883", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_57/0883_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d9c7288eabaa1483", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 3304, "end": 3315, "quote": "52 NY2d 843", "context": "13, 217; Carlucci v Poughkeepsie Newspapers, 88 AD2d 608, affd 57 NY2d 883; Robart v Post-Standard, 52 NY2d 843, affg 74 AD2d 963). Bracken, J. P., Joy, Hart and Friedmann, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 N.Y.2d 843", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_52/0843_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bbb0b6291ecb5de5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_202/0495_01/index.html", "start": 3322, "end": 3333, "quote": "74 AD2d 963", "context": "v Poughkeepsie Newspapers, 88 AD2d 608, affd 57 NY2d 883; Robart v Post-Standard, 52 NY2d 843, affg 74 AD2d 963). Bracken, J. P., Joy, Hart and Friedmann, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 A.D.2d 963", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_74/0963_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "493924211b2ce44b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_203/0796_01/index.html", "start": 3520, "end": 3532, "quote": "130 AD2d 827", "context": "itrary, discriminatory or undertaken in bad faith (see, e.g., Trainosky v Civil Serv. Empls. Assn., 130 AD2d 827), and a plaintiff may not prevail if all that is shown is that the union was negligent or mistaken ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "130 A.D.2d 827", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_130/0827_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fd5cce79d394c37a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_203/0796_01/index.html", "start": 3657, "end": 3669, "quote": "189 AD2d 982", "context": "t prevail if all that is shown is that the union was negligent or mistaken (see, Altimari v Parker, 189 AD2d 982, 984). Moreover, inasmuch as a union is under no duty to pursue every grievance to arbitration, the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "189 A.D.2d 982", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_189/0982_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0fcfecc6719079a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_203/0796_01/index.html", "start": 3877, "end": 3889, "quote": "195 AD2d 736", "context": " to do so is not, without more, a breach of the duty of fair representation (see, Kleinmann v Bach, 195 AD2d 736, 738; Braatz v Mathison, 180 AD2d 1007, 1007-1008).\nThe affidavit of the PEF field representative, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "195 A.D.2d 736", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_195/0736_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0543df8730d763ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_203/0796_01/index.html", "start": 3915, "end": 3928, "quote": "180 AD2d 1007", "context": "ch of the duty of fair representation (see, Kleinmann v Bach, 195 AD2d 736, 738; Braatz v Mathison, 180 AD2d 1007, 1007-1008).\nThe affidavit of the PEF field representative, submitted in support of defendant’s mot", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "180 A.D.2d 1007", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_180/1007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a3b329514c8a22c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_203/0796_01/index.html", "start": 5166, "end": 5179, "quote": "109 AD2d 1034", "context": "is any evidence of discrimination, arbitrariness, \" 'invidious, hostile treatment’ ” (Smith v Sipe, 109 AD2d 1034, 1037 [Mahoney, P. J., dissenting], revd on dissenting mem below 67 NY2d 928), or any other conduct", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 A.D.2d 1034", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_109/1034_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e1ac3dd429030d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_203/0796_01/index.html", "start": 5245, "end": 5256, "quote": "67 NY2d 928", "context": "nt’ ” (Smith v Sipe, 109 AD2d 1034, 1037 [Mahoney, P. J., dissenting], revd on dissenting mem below 67 NY2d 928), or any other conduct or motivation sufficient to support a judgment in their favor (see also, Mel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 N.Y.2d 928", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_67/0928_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1f5a03a984f2e12e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_203/0796_01/index.html", "start": 5370, "end": 5383, "quote": "186 AD2d 1020", "context": "r conduct or motivation sufficient to support a judgment in their favor (see also, Mellon v Benker, 186 AD2d 1020, 1021). Defendants are accordingly entitled to have their motion granted in its entirety.\nMikoll, J", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "186 A.D.2d 1020", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_186/1020_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ca6f98a1fdb5a02a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 756, "end": 767, "quote": "79 NY2d 592", "context": "tion of the zoning ordinance would result in practical difficulties (see, Matter of Doyle v Amster, 79 NY2d 592, 595; Matter of Fuhst v Foley, 45 NY2d 441, 445; Conley v Town of Brookhaven Zoning Bd. of Appeals,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 N.Y.2d 592", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_79/0592_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f597ffd0bd67d2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 799, "end": 810, "quote": "45 NY2d 441", "context": "n practical difficulties (see, Matter of Doyle v Amster, 79 NY2d 592, 595; Matter of Fuhst v Foley, 45 NY2d 441, 445; Conley v Town of Brookhaven Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 40 NY2d 309, 314; Matter of Sasso v Osgood", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 N.Y.2d 441", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_45/0441_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a2d39a6ce8e4ced7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 868, "end": 879, "quote": "40 NY2d 309", "context": " 595; Matter of Fuhst v Foley, 45 NY2d 441, 445; Conley v Town of Brookhaven Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 40 NY2d 309, 314; Matter of Sasso v Osgood, 206 AD2d 837). \"To demonstrate practical difficulties, an applicant", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 N.Y.2d 309", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_40/0309_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c2053d5adaf5656", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 912, "end": 924, "quote": "206 AD2d 837", "context": "445; Conley v Town of Brookhaven Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 40 NY2d 309, 314; Matter of Sasso v Osgood, 206 AD2d 837). \"To demonstrate practical difficulties, an applicant bears the burden of showing 'that strict enf", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "206 A.D.2d 837", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_206/0837_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "717d64e36e3c6135", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 1203, "end": 1215, "quote": "181 AD2d 988", "context": " as a practical matter, it will not allow him to utilize his property’ ” (Matter of Sasso v Gamble, 181 AD2d 988, quoting Sanzone v City of Rome, 170 AD2d 977, 978, lv dismissed 77 NY2d 988; see also, Cirrito v Z", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "181 A.D.2d 988", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_181/0988_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7cba35569d12dc5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 1249, "end": 1261, "quote": "170 AD2d 977", "context": "to utilize his property’ ” (Matter of Sasso v Gamble, 181 AD2d 988, quoting Sanzone v City of Rome, 170 AD2d 977, 978, lv dismissed 77 NY2d 988; see also, Cirrito v Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 197 AD2d 850; Samon v Ci", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "170 A.D.2d 977", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_170/0977_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67a0afe45505c26f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 1281, "end": 1292, "quote": "77 NY2d 988", "context": "er of Sasso v Gamble, 181 AD2d 988, quoting Sanzone v City of Rome, 170 AD2d 977, 978, lv dismissed 77 NY2d 988; see also, Cirrito v Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 197 AD2d 850; Samon v City of Utica Zoning Bd. of Appea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 N.Y.2d 988", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6fa680e2fc4eb5d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 1337, "end": 1349, "quote": "197 AD2d 850", "context": "ty of Rome, 170 AD2d 977, 978, lv dismissed 77 NY2d 988; see also, Cirrito v Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 197 AD2d 850; Samon v City of Utica Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 191 AD2d 1004).\nThe court properly held that the dete", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "197 A.D.2d 850", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_197/0850_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "3480cf20b45e2ed6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 1396, "end": 1409, "quote": "191 AD2d 1004", "context": "e also, Cirrito v Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 197 AD2d 850; Samon v City of Utica Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 191 AD2d 1004).\nThe court properly held that the determination of the ZBA to grant the variances to the Metotts h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "191 A.D.2d 1004", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_191/1004_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bcdfe728d59f05ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 1602, "end": 1619, "quote": "supra, at 595-596", "context": "totts has a rational basis and is supported by substantial evidence (see, Matter of Doyle v Amster, supra, at 595-596). Contrary to petitioner’s argument, the ZBA was entitled to consider, as a relevant factor in reac", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "79 N.Y.2d 592", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_79/0592_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "80f861b9963218d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 1860, "end": 1871, "quote": "22 NY2d 417", "context": " by the Metotts in reliance upon an invalid building permit (see, Matter of Jayne Estates v Raynor, 22 NY2d 417, 422; cf., Matter of Putcha v Beattie, 129 AD2d 918, 921-922). In light of our determination, we do", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 N.Y.2d 417", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_22/0417_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9a831e5fa75efa31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_207/0986_01/index.html", "start": 1911, "end": 1923, "quote": "129 AD2d 918", "context": "g permit (see, Matter of Jayne Estates v Raynor, 22 NY2d 417, 422; cf., Matter of Putcha v Beattie, 129 AD2d 918, 921-922). In light of our determination, we do not address the remaining contentions of petitioner", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 A.D.2d 918", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_129/0918_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1466dc3204cc278", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_209/0428_01/index.html", "start": 953, "end": 965, "quote": "146 AD2d 245", "context": "ed to raise any objection to the charge in the trial court (see, CPL 470.05 [2]; People v Udzinski, 146 AD2d 245). In any event, while the court did not specifically instruct the jury that the indictment was not ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "146 A.D.2d 245", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_146/0245_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5ff20e4e0d401b86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_209/0428_01/index.html", "start": 1399, "end": 1409, "quote": "266 NY 147", "context": " taken as a whole, adequately instructed the jury as to the burden of proof (see, People v Russell, 266 NY 147, 153).\nThis Court has also held that the isolated question \" 'Who speaks the truth? This is a quest", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "266 N.Y. 147", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_266/0147_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "208b38726bc7c447", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_209/0428_01/index.html", "start": 1781, "end": 1793, "quote": "173 AD2d 487", "context": "le’s burden of proof and made it clear that the defendant bore no burden of proof’ (People v Jones, 173 AD2d 487). Since the charge adequately informed the jury that the burden was that of the People and the Peop", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "173 A.D.2d 487", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_173/0487_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "44c7a157b8f2c724", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_209/0428_01/index.html", "start": 2000, "end": 2011, "quote": "70 NY2d 817", "context": "e and that the defendant bore no burden of proof, reversal is not warranted (see, People v Coleman, 70 NY2d 817, 819; People v Green, 154 AD2d 616). Thompson, J. P., Balletta, Rosenblatt and Florio, JJ., concur.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 N.Y.2d 817", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_70/0817_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cea47ed29431a8a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_209/0428_01/index.html", "start": 2034, "end": 2046, "quote": "154 AD2d 616", "context": "urden of proof, reversal is not warranted (see, People v Coleman, 70 NY2d 817, 819; People v Green, 154 AD2d 616). Thompson, J. P., Balletta, Rosenblatt and Florio, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "154 A.D.2d 616", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_154/0616_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2df7f11ab94c4399", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_251/0579_02/index.html", "start": 1544, "end": 1556, "quote": "234 AD2d 764", "context": "ed an independent appraisal of the disciplinary proceeding (cf., Matter of Ernst v Saratoga County, 234 AD2d 764; Matter of Lowy v Carter, 210 AD2d 408).\nFurthermore, it is well settled that in order to annul an ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "234 A.D.2d 764", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_234/0764_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "460b19a8cd2ec72f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_251/0579_02/index.html", "start": 1583, "end": 1595, "quote": "210 AD2d 408", "context": "iplinary proceeding (cf., Matter of Ernst v Saratoga County, 234 AD2d 764; Matter of Lowy v Carter, 210 AD2d 408).\nFurthermore, it is well settled that in order to annul an administrative determination made after", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "210 A.D.2d 408", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_210/0408_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c1bddbf201b3bfe7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_251/0579_02/index.html", "start": 1832, "end": 1843, "quote": "71 NY2d 135", "context": "t the record lacks substantial evidence to support the determination (see, Matter of Lahey v Kelly, 71 NY2d 135, 140; Matter of LaCanfora v Lloyd, 229 AD2d 496). Contrary to the petitioner’s contention, the hear", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 N.Y.2d 135", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_71/0135_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9acc6388f2f60575", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_251/0579_02/index.html", "start": 1879, "end": 1891, "quote": "229 AD2d 496", "context": "ort the determination (see, Matter of Lahey v Kelly, 71 NY2d 135, 140; Matter of LaCanfora v Lloyd, 229 AD2d 496). Contrary to the petitioner’s contention, the hearing record supports the Board’s finding that he ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 A.D.2d 496", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_229/0496_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e52a0780126bdc83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_251/0579_02/index.html", "start": 2260, "end": 2272, "quote": "211 AD2d 723", "context": "nse, and taking an unauthorized leave of absence (see, Matter of Telesco v Village of Port Chester, 211 AD2d 723).\nFinally, the penalty of dismissal was not so disproportionate to the offenses as to loe shocking ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "211 A.D.2d 723", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_211/0723_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "80315f4c3f42a4bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_251/0579_02/index.html", "start": 2438, "end": 2449, "quote": "34 NY2d 222", "context": "o the offenses as to loe shocking to one’s sense of fairness (see, Matter of Pell v Board of Educ., 34 NY2d 222). Mangano, P. J., Bracken, Krausman and McGinity, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 N.Y.2d 222", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_34/0222_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "14b8a7fc5788ad03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 2648, "end": 2660, "quote": "241 AD2d 725", "context": "e earning capacity in light of that party’s educational background’ ” (Matter of Collins v Collins, 241 AD2d 725, 727, appeal dismissed, lv denied 91 NY2d 829, quoting Matter of Susan M. v Louis N., 206 AD2d 612,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "241 A.D.2d 725", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_241/0725_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "89c92cf5c893145d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 2695, "end": 2706, "quote": "91 NY2d 829", "context": "cational background’ ” (Matter of Collins v Collins, 241 AD2d 725, 727, appeal dismissed, lv denied 91 NY2d 829, quoting Matter of Susan M. v Louis N., 206 AD2d 612, 613 [citations omitted]). Defendant concedes ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 N.Y.2d 829", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d2efcece4f705b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 2747, "end": 2759, "quote": "206 AD2d 612", "context": " 241 AD2d 725, 727, appeal dismissed, lv denied 91 NY2d 829, quoting Matter of Susan M. v Louis N., 206 AD2d 612, 613 [citations omitted]). Defendant concedes that his deductions for bad debts were inappropriate ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "206 A.D.2d 612", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_206/0612_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5aa510e9ca40b383", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 3211, "end": 3224, "quote": "supra, at 727", "context": "rt to impute moneys received from his parents and aunt as income (see, Matter of Collins v Collins, supra, at 727). Upon our review of the record, we find no abuse of Supreme Court’s discretion in its findings tha", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "241 A.D.2d 725", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_241/0725_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c60ca2e746925743", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 3652, "end": 3667, "quote": "id., at 727-728", "context": "discretion to attribute an annual income of $42,000 to defendant in determining child support (see, id., at 727-728; Matter of Liebman v Liebman, 229 AD2d 778, 779).\nWe reject defendant’s claim that Supreme Court er", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "241 A.D.2d 725", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_241/0725_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "32b90b89a8f9a27f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 3698, "end": 3710, "quote": "229 AD2d 778", "context": "2,000 to defendant in determining child support (see, id., at 727-728; Matter of Liebman v Liebman, 229 AD2d 778, 779).\nWe reject defendant’s claim that Supreme Court erred in its deviation from the Child Support", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 A.D.2d 778", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_229/0778_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38d0c3600cc26fa0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 3873, "end": 3878, "quote": "§ 240", "context": " its deviation from the Child Support Standards Act (hereinafter CSSA) (see, Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b]). Once the court has calculated the noncustodial parent’s pro rata share of the basic child s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9f0e600027ca276", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 4129, "end": 4134, "quote": "§ 240", "context": "ds that the amount derived from the formula is unjust or inappropriate (see, Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [f]; Bast v Rossof, 91 NY2d 723, 727), it may deviate from the formula by written order, stat", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc2f3bf3555d1f0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 4161, "end": 4172, "quote": "91 NY2d 723", "context": "the formula is unjust or inappropriate (see, Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [f]; Bast v Rossof, 91 NY2d 723, 727), it may deviate from the formula by written order, stating its reasons. Here, the court speci", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 N.Y.2d 723", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_91/0723_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3a4f589d076dcabe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 5127, "end": 5144, "quote": "supra, at 726-728", "context": "n calculating defendant’s child support obligation for the other four children (see, Bast v Rossof, supra, at 726-728).\nDefendant’s next contention, that the period of time that the parties had “split physical custody", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "91 N.Y.2d 723", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_91/0723_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "48a8cb6788a53d94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 5574, "end": 5586, "quote": "243 AD2d 884", "context": "f child support should be retroactive to the date relief was first requested (see, Posson v Posson, 243 AD2d 884; Guneratne v Guneratne, 214 AD2d 871, 873; Koczaja v Koczaja, 195 AD2d 693, lv denied 83 NY2d 756; ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "243 A.D.2d 884", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_243/0884_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f3d6d53bdee42050", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 5611, "end": 5623, "quote": "214 AD2d 871", "context": " to the date relief was first requested (see, Posson v Posson, 243 AD2d 884; Guneratne v Guneratne, 214 AD2d 871, 873; Koczaja v Koczaja, 195 AD2d 693, lv denied 83 NY2d 756; see also, Domestic Relations Law § 23", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "214 A.D.2d 871", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_214/0871_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bc3bceebe0883fd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 5649, "end": 5661, "quote": "195 AD2d 693", "context": "d (see, Posson v Posson, 243 AD2d 884; Guneratne v Guneratne, 214 AD2d 871, 873; Koczaja v Koczaja, 195 AD2d 693, lv denied 83 NY2d 756; see also, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [7] [a]), but here plaintiff wai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "195 A.D.2d 693", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_195/0693_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a5c91d0ac72f2930", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 5673, "end": 5684, "quote": "83 NY2d 756", "context": " 243 AD2d 884; Guneratne v Guneratne, 214 AD2d 871, 873; Koczaja v Koczaja, 195 AD2d 693, lv denied 83 NY2d 756; see also, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [7] [a]), but here plaintiff waived her right to basic ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 N.Y.2d 756", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08cbaa32c8f26ed3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 5719, "end": 5724, "quote": "§ 236", "context": " 871, 873; Koczaja v Koczaja, 195 AD2d 693, lv denied 83 NY2d 756; see also, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [7] [a]), but here plaintiff waived her right to basic child support from the date of commencem", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03b29d1ff4d88418", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 6300, "end": 6313, "quote": "supra, at 695", "context": "ild support award since these expenditures were not included in the waiver (see, Koczaja v Koczaja, supra, at 695; see also, Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [c] [4]).\nWe further find no merit in defendant’s cla", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "195 A.D.2d 693", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_195/0693_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb78e30b17cce35c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 6348, "end": 6353, "quote": "§ 240", "context": "not included in the waiver (see, Koczaja v Koczaja, supra, at 695; see also, Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [c] [4]).\nWe further find no merit in defendant’s claim that Supreme Court’s equitable distri", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2dd3be6042f2c840", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 6673, "end": 6678, "quote": "§ 236", "context": "ibution of the parties’ marital assets based on certain factors set forth in Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5) (d) (see, Rizzuto v Rizzuto, 250 AD2d 821; Avramis v Avramis, 245 AD2d 585, 586). We conclu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d375bce067b8522f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 6716, "end": 6728, "quote": "250 AD2d 821", "context": "d on certain factors set forth in Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5) (d) (see, Rizzuto v Rizzuto, 250 AD2d 821; Avramis v Avramis, 245 AD2d 585, 586). We conclude that the court considered the respective financ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "250 A.D.2d 821", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_250/0821_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "12c0de8874c09316", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 6749, "end": 6761, "quote": "245 AD2d 585", "context": " Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5) (d) (see, Rizzuto v Rizzuto, 250 AD2d 821; Avramis v Avramis, 245 AD2d 585, 586). We conclude that the court considered the respective financial conditions of the parties and", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "245 A.D.2d 585", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_245/0585_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "453719d806504eba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 6933, "end": 6938, "quote": "§ 236", "context": "onditions of the parties and the particular circumstances of this case (see, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5] [c]), along with the factors enumerated in Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5) (d), and en", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69abc513d5e7fda3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 7013, "end": 7018, "quote": "§ 236", "context": "estic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5] [c]), along with the factors enumerated in Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5) (d), and enumerated its reasoning in detail (see, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5] [g])", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1fa6e0e5f7d7c62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 7100, "end": 7105, "quote": "§ 236", "context": "elations Law § 236 (B) (5) (d), and enumerated its reasoning in detail (see, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5] [g]). Furthermore, Supreme Court also found that defendant had improperly secreted and wron", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "891ddacc227af3fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 7702, "end": 7715, "quote": "supra, at 873", "context": "ng the parties’ marital property 75% to plaintiff and 25% to defendant (see, Guneratne v Guneratne, supra, at 873; Avramis v Avramis, supra, at 586; Walasek v Walasek, 243 AD2d 851, 853-854).\nLastly, this matter w", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "214 A.D.2d 871", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_214/0871_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3482d6d85a7f3f3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 7736, "end": 7749, "quote": "supra, at 586", "context": "5% to plaintiff and 25% to defendant (see, Guneratne v Guneratne, supra, at 873; Avramis v Avramis, supra, at 586; Walasek v Walasek, 243 AD2d 851, 853-854).\nLastly, this matter will be remitted for a hearing on t", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "245 A.D.2d 585", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_245/0585_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8cd88f14a8c25981", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 7770, "end": 7782, "quote": "243 AD2d 851", "context": "nt (see, Guneratne v Guneratne, supra, at 873; Avramis v Avramis, supra, at 586; Walasek v Walasek, 243 AD2d 851, 853-854).\nLastly, this matter will be remitted for a hearing on the issue of counsel fees. Althoug", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "243 A.D.2d 851", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_243/0851_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bee02153dd25bf54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 8175, "end": 8187, "quote": "240 AD2d 478", "context": "absence of a stipulation consenting to a determination based on affirmations alone (see, Nee v Nee, 240 AD2d 478; Kelly v Kelly, 223 AD2d 625, lv dismissed 88 NY2d 875, lv denied 90 NY2d 802; Tarpinian v Tarpinia", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "240 A.D.2d 478", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_240/0478_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6c6c0cc8602c1ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 8204, "end": 8216, "quote": "223 AD2d 625", "context": "enting to a determination based on affirmations alone (see, Nee v Nee, 240 AD2d 478; Kelly v Kelly, 223 AD2d 625, lv dismissed 88 NY2d 875, lv denied 90 NY2d 802; Tarpinian v Tarpinian, 160 AD2d 1063; Oswald v Os", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "223 A.D.2d 625", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_223/0625_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "41e50c26e82ae861", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 8231, "end": 8242, "quote": "88 NY2d 875", "context": "ased on affirmations alone (see, Nee v Nee, 240 AD2d 478; Kelly v Kelly, 223 AD2d 625, lv dismissed 88 NY2d 875, lv denied 90 NY2d 802; Tarpinian v Tarpinian, 160 AD2d 1063; Oswald v Oswald, 154 AD2d 817).\nWe ha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 N.Y.2d 875", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95e06e9a25774042", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 8254, "end": 8265, "quote": "90 NY2d 802", "context": "one (see, Nee v Nee, 240 AD2d 478; Kelly v Kelly, 223 AD2d 625, lv dismissed 88 NY2d 875, lv denied 90 NY2d 802; Tarpinian v Tarpinian, 160 AD2d 1063; Oswald v Oswald, 154 AD2d 817).\nWe have considered the remai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 N.Y.2d 802", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91d4fcfc6b4781ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 8290, "end": 8303, "quote": "160 AD2d 1063", "context": "elly v Kelly, 223 AD2d 625, lv dismissed 88 NY2d 875, lv denied 90 NY2d 802; Tarpinian v Tarpinian, 160 AD2d 1063; Oswald v Oswald, 154 AD2d 817).\nWe have considered the remaining contentions of defendant and have", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "160 A.D.2d 1063", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_160/1063_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb4a457a1aee7fa5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_258/0859_01/index.html", "start": 8322, "end": 8334, "quote": "154 AD2d 817", "context": "ismissed 88 NY2d 875, lv denied 90 NY2d 802; Tarpinian v Tarpinian, 160 AD2d 1063; Oswald v Oswald, 154 AD2d 817).\nWe have considered the remaining contentions of defendant and have found them to be without merit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "154 A.D.2d 817", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_154/0817_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7987967137e5c2f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_267/0575_01/index.html", "start": 211, "end": 216, "quote": "§ 240", "context": "ounty, which dismissed petitioners’ application, in a proceeding pursuant to Domestic Relations Law § 240 (1-b) (c) (7), for, inter alia, an order directing respondent to contribute to petitioner Kenneth K", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50c39071c91bcb85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_267/0575_01/index.html", "start": 1463, "end": 1468, "quote": "§ 240", "context": "the age of 21 and payment for such expenses is not required by statute (see, Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [b] [2]), such payment may be enjoined if special circumstances exist (see, Domestic Relation", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eda15de5dba402af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_267/0575_01/index.html", "start": 1574, "end": 1579, "quote": "§ 240", "context": " [b] [2]), such payment may be enjoined if special circumstances exist (see, Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [c] [7]; see also, Hapeman v Hapeman, 229 AD2d 807, 810; Smith v Smith, 174 AD2d 818, 819; Ha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab64fd4cb918ab93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_267/0575_01/index.html", "start": 1624, "end": 1636, "quote": "229 AD2d 807", "context": " circumstances exist (see, Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [c] [7]; see also, Hapeman v Hapeman, 229 AD2d 807, 810; Smith v Smith, 174 AD2d 818, 819; Haimowitz v Gerber, 153 AD2d 879, 880). Inasmuch as each pa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 A.D.2d 807", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_229/0807_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ea7f7cb021bd4acd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_267/0575_01/index.html", "start": 1658, "end": 1670, "quote": "174 AD2d 818", "context": "c Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [c] [7]; see also, Hapeman v Hapeman, 229 AD2d 807, 810; Smith v Smith, 174 AD2d 818, 819; Haimowitz v Gerber, 153 AD2d 879, 880). Inasmuch as each parent has a postgraduate degree and", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "174 A.D.2d 818", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_174/0818_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1d1dc36fc34699f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_267/0575_01/index.html", "start": 1697, "end": 1709, "quote": "153 AD2d 879", "context": "e also, Hapeman v Hapeman, 229 AD2d 807, 810; Smith v Smith, 174 AD2d 818, 819; Haimowitz v Gerber, 153 AD2d 879, 880). Inasmuch as each parent has a postgraduate degree and Kenneth has demonstrated academic abil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "153 A.D.2d 879", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_153/0879_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d3c15edf6bfd8d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_267/0575_01/index.html", "start": 1836, "end": 1848, "quote": "112 AD2d 543", "context": "rent has a postgraduate degree and Kenneth has demonstrated academic ability (see, Hutter v Hutter, 112 AD2d 543, 544), whether special circumstances obtain turns on respondent’s ability to provide the necessary ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 A.D.2d 543", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_112/0543_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eba52abf14848b2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_267/0575_01/index.html", "start": 1960, "end": 1971, "quote": "id., at 544", "context": "her special circumstances obtain turns on respondent’s ability to provide the necessary funds (see, id., at 544). And, as to that, although petitioner has proffered various documents purportedly indicating that ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "112 A.D.2d 543", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_112/0543_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b771b62e194c080f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_267/0575_01/index.html", "start": 2972, "end": 2977, "quote": "§ 449", "context": "he seeks (see, Besharov, Practice Commentaries, McKinney’s Cons Laws of NY, Book 29A, Family Ct Act § 449, at 473-474).\nWe have considered the parties’ other arguments and find them to be without merit.\nMi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1065aadc9a4b415", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_27/0748_04/index.html", "start": 705, "end": 718, "quote": "290 N. Y. 160", "context": ", if true, would exclude to a moral certainty every hypothesis save that of guilt (People v. Weiss, 290 N. Y. 160, 163) and be inconsistent with that of innocense (People v. Fitzgerald, 156 N. Y. 253, 258). The pr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "290 N.Y. 160", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_290/0160_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "17a16a8f7a3d3864", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_27/0748_04/index.html", "start": 791, "end": 804, "quote": "156 N. Y. 253", "context": "ple v. Weiss, 290 N. Y. 160, 163) and be inconsistent with that of innocense (People v. Fitzgerald, 156 N. Y. 253, 258). The proof did not measure up to these standards. While there was testimony as to the procedu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "156 N.Y. 253", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_156/0253_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1c26a80f09b0fab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_270/0494_01/index.html", "start": 720, "end": 725, "quote": "§ 413", "context": "s entitled to a $500 limit on the accrual of total unpaid child support arrears (see, Family Ct Act § 413 [1] [g]; Matter of Simmons v Hyland, 235 AD2d 67, 71; Matter of Beaudoin v Joseph K., 165 AD2d 359)", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15a9260c44c4f518", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_270/0494_01/index.html", "start": 763, "end": 774, "quote": "235 AD2d 67", "context": "f total unpaid child support arrears (see, Family Ct Act § 413 [1] [g]; Matter of Simmons v Hyland, 235 AD2d 67, 71; Matter of Beaudoin v Joseph K., 165 AD2d 359). O’Brien, J. P., Joy, Sullivan and Smith, JJ., c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "235 A.D.2d 67", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_235/0067_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e9e20ec747d6a982", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_270/0494_01/index.html", "start": 812, "end": 824, "quote": "165 AD2d 359", "context": " Ct Act § 413 [1] [g]; Matter of Simmons v Hyland, 235 AD2d 67, 71; Matter of Beaudoin v Joseph K., 165 AD2d 359). O’Brien, J. P., Joy, Sullivan and Smith, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 A.D.2d 359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_165/0359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d7ee90e1316bc453", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_273/0008_02/index.html", "start": 674, "end": 686, "quote": "226 AD2d 130", "context": "ll as she exited her row of seats at defendant concert hall (see, Adams v Alexander’s Dept. Stores, 226 AD2d 130). We reject plaintiffs imputation of notice to the concert hall, based on her son’s complaint to se", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "226 A.D.2d 130", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_226/0130_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bce894edce7a5977", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_273/0008_02/index.html", "start": 1158, "end": 1170, "quote": "230 AD2d 838", "context": "ould not say how long the spillage had been on the floor (see, Priester v Madison Sq. Garden Corp., 230 AD2d 838; Trujillo v Riverbay Corp., 153 AD2d 793). Plaintiffs attempt to hold the concert producer liable o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "230 A.D.2d 838", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_230/0838_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "08a589c06071ab75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_273/0008_02/index.html", "start": 1199, "end": 1211, "quote": "153 AD2d 793", "context": "en on the floor (see, Priester v Madison Sq. Garden Corp., 230 AD2d 838; Trujillo v Riverbay Corp., 153 AD2d 793). Plaintiffs attempt to hold the concert producer liable on the theory that security personnel woul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "153 A.D.2d 793", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_153/0793_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6209b6ef29cf6123", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_276/0369_01/index.html", "start": 219, "end": 229, "quote": "386 US 738", "context": "d.\nApplication by appellant’s counsel to withdraw as counsel is granted. (See, Anders v California, 386 US 738; People v Saunders, 52 AD2d 833.) We have reviewed this record and agree with appellant’s assigned ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "386 U.S. 738", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1fa6ac3de332f02c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_276/0369_01/index.html", "start": 250, "end": 261, "quote": "52 AD2d 833", "context": "ounsel to withdraw as counsel is granted. (See, Anders v California, 386 US 738; People v Saunders, 52 AD2d 833.) We have reviewed this record and agree with appellant’s assigned counsel that there are no non-fr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 A.D.2d 833", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_52/0833_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e545cdd47107f16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_277/0008_01/index.html", "start": 785, "end": 796, "quote": "70 NY2d 436", "context": "s exists to disturb the Hearing Officer’s findings of credibility (see, Matter of Berenhaus v Ward, 70 NY2d 436, 443-444). The penalty of dismissal does not shock our sense of fairness in view of petitioner’s ad", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 N.Y.2d 436", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_70/0436_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a626632862530623", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_283/0945_01/index.html", "start": 561, "end": 572, "quote": "56 NY2d 167", "context": "ces sufficient to warrant a change in the custody of the child (see generally, Eschbach v Eschbach, 56 NY2d 167, 171-172). However, inasmuch as the parties are unable to “put aside their differences for the bene", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 N.Y.2d 167", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_56/0167_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2cd385ddf241dbae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_283/0945_01/index.html", "start": 722, "end": 734, "quote": "227 AD2d 903", "context": "nable to “put aside their differences for the benefit of the child” (Matter of Buffy E. v Lance C., 227 AD2d 903, 904), the court properly granted the cross petition of respondent seeking sole custody of the chil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "227 A.D.2d 903", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_227/0903_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c04e2cde4de818d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_283/0945_01/index.html", "start": 1100, "end": 1113, "quote": "251 AD2d 1028", "context": "will not be set aside unless it lacks an evidentiary basis in the record’ ” (Matter of King v King, 251 AD2d 1028, 1029).\nAlthough the court properly determined that it is in the best interests of the child to awa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "251 A.D.2d 1028", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_251/1028_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2106205e62b5de63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_288/0251_01/index.html", "start": 810, "end": 821, "quote": "93 NY2d 750", "context": "btaining appellate review of those issues at this time (see, Rubeo v National Grange Mut. Ins. Co., 93 NY2d 750; Bray v Cox, 38 NY2d 350; Gammal v La Casita Milta, 278 AD2d 364). Accordingly, the appeal from the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 N.Y.2d 750", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_93/0750_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6fcefbf68cb27bf1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_288/0251_01/index.html", "start": 835, "end": 846, "quote": "38 NY2d 350", "context": " of those issues at this time (see, Rubeo v National Grange Mut. Ins. Co., 93 NY2d 750; Bray v Cox, 38 NY2d 350; Gammal v La Casita Milta, 278 AD2d 364). Accordingly, the appeal from the order dated August 23, 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 350", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0350_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a37c3c11f0e361b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_288/0251_01/index.html", "start": 874, "end": 886, "quote": "278 AD2d 364", "context": "eo v National Grange Mut. Ins. Co., 93 NY2d 750; Bray v Cox, 38 NY2d 350; Gammal v La Casita Milta, 278 AD2d 364). Accordingly, the appeal from the order dated August 23, 2000, must be dismissed. Bracken, P. J., ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "278 A.D.2d 364", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_278/0364_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ffa1cf5b2d625ed6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_293/0539_01/index.html", "start": 740, "end": 752, "quote": "266 AD2d 268", "context": "xcuse why the new facts were not submitted on the prior motion (see CPLR 2221 [e]; Palmer v Toledo, 266 AD2d 268). The appellant failed to offer a reasonable excuse. The Supreme Court therefore properly denied th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "266 A.D.2d 268", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_266/0268_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "89ba5d973a7b241b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_293/0539_01/index.html", "start": 917, "end": 929, "quote": "287 AD2d 538", "context": " Court therefore properly denied the motion to renew (see Good Samaritan Hosp. Med. Ctr. v Ruscito, 287 AD2d 538; Palmer v Toledo, supra). Ritter, J.P., Feuerstein, O’Brien, H. Miller and Townes, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "287 A.D.2d 538", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_287/0538_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f2010a35f6f9ad7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_293/0539_01/index.html", "start": 948, "end": 955, "quote": "supra).", "context": "d the motion to renew (see Good Samaritan Hosp. Med. Ctr. v Ruscito, 287 AD2d 538; Palmer v Toledo, supra). Ritter, J.P., Feuerstein, O’Brien, H. Miller and Townes, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "266 A.D.2d 268", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_266/0268_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "277af713fe825b4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 3359, "end": 3369, "quote": "54 AD2d 13", "context": "wner, aggrieved by the architect’s services, seeks redress (see Sears, Roebuck & Co. v Enco Assoc., 54 AD2d 13). Until the advent of Matter of Paver & Wildfoerster (Catholic High School Assn.) (38 NY2d 669) in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 A.D.2d 13", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_54/0013_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68c44436b865b408", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 3453, "end": 3464, "quote": "38 NY2d 669", "context": "soc., 54 AD2d 13). Until the advent of Matter of Paver & Wildfoerster (Catholic High School Assn.) (38 NY2d 669) in February, 1976, the cases held, with some measure of uniformity, that absent a \"special agreeme", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 669", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0669_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f87f839291b6a676", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 4003, "end": 4013, "quote": "8 AD2d 330", "context": "her than tort, the \"reality” and the \"essence” are in tort and not in contract (see Carr v Lipshie, 8 AD2d 330, affd 9 NY2d 983; Brick v Cohn-HallMarx Co., 276 NY 259, 264; Glens Falls Ins. Co. v Reynolds, 3 AD", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 A.D.2d 330", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_8/0330_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ea45c7aef5177272", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 4020, "end": 4030, "quote": "9 NY2d 983", "context": "e \"reality” and the \"essence” are in tort and not in contract (see Carr v Lipshie, 8 AD2d 330, affd 9 NY2d 983; Brick v Cohn-HallMarx Co., 276 NY 259, 264; Glens Falls Ins. Co. v Reynolds, 3 AD2d 686).\nPaver, d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 N.Y.2d 983", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da789093f446d64f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 4059, "end": 4069, "quote": "276 NY 259", "context": "rt and not in contract (see Carr v Lipshie, 8 AD2d 330, affd 9 NY2d 983; Brick v Cohn-HallMarx Co., 276 NY 259, 264; Glens Falls Ins. Co. v Reynolds, 3 AD2d 686).\nPaver, decided during the pendency of this appe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "276 N.Y. 259", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_276/0259_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "771c0e5b1e6d8794", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 4109, "end": 4119, "quote": "3 AD2d 686", "context": " 330, affd 9 NY2d 983; Brick v Cohn-HallMarx Co., 276 NY 259, 264; Glens Falls Ins. Co. v Reynolds, 3 AD2d 686).\nPaver, decided during the pendency of this appeal, is of little solace to the plaintiff. The crux", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 A.D.2d 686", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_3/0686_03/index.html"]}
{"id": "1a8e561b0e237e2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 4731, "end": 4742, "quote": "36 NY2d 780", "context": "ked arbitration; thus there is no departure from or variant of the rule set forth in Sosnow v Paul (36 NY2d 780). Sosnow held that the date of accrual of an action in malpractice runs from the date the architect", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 N.Y.2d 780", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_36/0780_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "87ebd1bad6c9d926", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 5234, "end": 5244, "quote": "109 NY 311", "context": "e contract Statute of Limitations. As long ago as 1888, in Webber v Herkimer & Mohawk St. R.R. Co. (109 NY 311), the Court of Appeals held that although a passenger who had sustained injuries had entered into a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 N.Y. 311", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_109/0311_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8714ca2603a63b32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 5645, "end": 5656, "quote": "22 AD2d 701", "context": "there was negligence or malpractice, and not breach of contract.\nIn Alyssa Originals v Finkelstein (22 AD2d 701, affd 24 NY2d 976), we held that a tenant seeking redress from his landlord for damages caused by a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 A.D.2d 701", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_22/0701_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f91b7c78d211d1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 5663, "end": 5674, "quote": "24 NY2d 976", "context": "ce or malpractice, and not breach of contract.\nIn Alyssa Originals v Finkelstein (22 AD2d 701, affd 24 NY2d 976), we held that a tenant seeking redress from his landlord for damages caused by a leaking roof was ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 N.Y.2d 976", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e891669b6129bbdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 5977, "end": 5984, "quote": "supra).", "context": " false entries were held liable for malpractice and not for breach of contract (see Carr v Lipshie, supra). That negligence is the critical factor rather than breach of contract in an actual or implied contr", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "8 A.D.2d 330", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_8/0330_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a10b09cecfa98514", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 6153, "end": 6163, "quote": "305 NY 140", "context": "t in an actual or implied contractual situation is evident from Blessington v McCrory Stores Corp. (305 NY 140), where a products liability situation permitted the six-year statute since there was no need to pr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "305 N.Y. 140", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_305/0140_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "90479f3459018ad7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 7287, "end": 7302, "quote": "218 App Div 158", "context": "ract, omitting the usual allegations as to the absence of skill and negligence” (Horowitz v Bogart, 218 App Div 158, 160).\nHad the complaint been amended as proposed, and all allegations of lack of professional comp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "218 A.D. 158", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad/volume_218/0158_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bf5e2620b1cbc7af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 7503, "end": 7514, "quote": "96 Misc 585", "context": "tence or negligence deleted, it would still not have availed the appellant (see Hurlburt v Gillett, 96 Misc 585, affd 176 App Div 893). It is not the phraseology, but rather the reality or essence of the plaint ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 Misc. 585", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a29c281dcc18334a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 7521, "end": 7536, "quote": "176 App Div 893", "context": "e deleted, it would still not have availed the appellant (see Hurlburt v Gillett, 96 Misc 585, affd 176 App Div 893). It is not the phraseology, but rather the reality or essence of the plaint which controls. As we ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 A.D. 893", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad/volume_176/0893_06/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa1e9a08cb414c0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 7681, "end": 7692, "quote": "43 AD2d 898", "context": "reality or essence of the plaint which controls. As we held in Liebler v Our Lady of Victory Hosp. (43 AD2d 898): \"A cause of action in contract, as distinguished from one in malpractice, must be based upon the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 A.D.2d 898", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_43/0898_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "526d7ebb6f81e1ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 7857, "end": 7867, "quote": "308 NY 543", "context": "alpractice, must be based upon the breach of a particular or special agreement (Robins v Finestone, 308 NY 543; Colvin v Smith, 276 App Div 9; Keating v Perkins, 250 App Div 9). An allegation of failure to prov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "308 N.Y. 543", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_308/0543_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2326e0121448df53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 7885, "end": 7898, "quote": "276 App Div 9", "context": "on the breach of a particular or special agreement (Robins v Finestone, 308 NY 543; Colvin v Smith, 276 App Div 9; Keating v Perkins, 250 App Div 9). An allegation of failure to provide medical care or failure to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "276 A.D. 9", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5af19b14768f609c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 7919, "end": 7932, "quote": "250 App Div 9", "context": "pecial agreement (Robins v Finestone, 308 NY 543; Colvin v Smith, 276 App Div 9; Keating v Perkins, 250 App Div 9). An allegation of failure to provide medical care or failure to provide medical service in a prope", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "250 A.D. 9", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad/volume_250/0009_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e11b2b7668afceaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 8983, "end": 8996, "quote": "(supra, p 672", "context": "cate the parties’ claims and determine liability under either doctrine. As the court noted in Paver (supra, p 672): \"[i]n determining whether a claim for property damage is barred by the Statute of Limitations, ho", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f819e27b499248c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 11152, "end": 11163, "quote": "38 NY2d 669", "context": "ons” are \"not to be proliferated” (see Matter of Paver & Wildfoerster [Catholic High School Assn.], 38 NY2d 669, 676, supra).\nDisparate rules are not necessarily invidious. Very recently the Legislature, by amen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 669", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0669_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f3db81b630af71de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 11170, "end": 11177, "quote": "supra).", "context": "e proliferated” (see Matter of Paver & Wildfoerster [Catholic High School Assn.], 38 NY2d 669, 676, supra).\nDisparate rules are not necessarily invidious. Very recently the Legislature, by amending CPLR 214 ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0ad40b74d1c9a66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 11512, "end": 11522, "quote": "54 AD2d 13", "context": "ed the three-year statute with respect to other professions.\nAs we observe in our opinion in Sears (54 AD2d 13, 19, supra), \"the 'reality’ or 'essence’ approach does not truly provide a ready yardstick, for rea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 A.D.2d 13", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_54/0013_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "068f278a6c8f7144", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 11528, "end": 11535, "quote": "supra),", "context": "r statute with respect to other professions.\nAs we observe in our opinion in Sears (54 AD2d 13, 19, supra), \"the 'reality’ or 'essence’ approach does not truly provide a ready yardstick, for reality, like be", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cfe23e1c645b253f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 12528, "end": 12539, "quote": "50 AD2d 142", "context": "arbitration and actions at law. In commenting upon Matter of Naetzker v Brocton Cent. School Dist. (50 AD2d 142), the Court of Appeals stated in Paver (38 NY2d 669, 677, supra):\n\"The arbitration limitation statu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 A.D.2d 142", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_50/0142_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bde0087e86d6eaec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 12580, "end": 12591, "quote": "38 NY2d 669", "context": "atter of Naetzker v Brocton Cent. School Dist. (50 AD2d 142), the Court of Appeals stated in Paver (38 NY2d 669, 677, supra):\n\"The arbitration limitation statute was hardly intended to do that. Its purpose was t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 669", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0669_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4c1d11f2c6b82a76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 12598, "end": 12605, "quote": "supra):", "context": "v Brocton Cent. School Dist. (50 AD2d 142), the Court of Appeals stated in Paver (38 NY2d 669, 677, supra):\n\"The arbitration limitation statute was hardly intended to do that. Its purpose was to bar stale cl", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a92ed21b957d37d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 13960, "end": 13978, "quote": "(supra, pp 675-676", "context": "ss of the demand for arbitration, is followed by explanatory and significantly restricting language (supra, pp 675-676): \"In any event, whatever its validity today and whatever its relation to larger general principles", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3767fb991c28b6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 14718, "end": 14730, "quote": "supra, p 676", "context": "rms and procedural channels of the law” (Matter of Paver & Wildfoester [Catholic High School Assn.] supra, p 676).\nAccordingly, the order of Special Term should be affirmed.\n. The dissent’s \"bifurcated” approach,", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05d39acb25f09ba9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 15883, "end": 15894, "quote": "43 AD2d 978", "context": "ting to breach of contract (CPLR 213, subd 2). In doing so, the majority relies upon Sosnow v Paul (43 AD2d 978, affd 36 NY2d 780) and distinguishes the contrary determination reached in Matter of Paver & Wildfo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 A.D.2d 978", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_43/0978_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "36a230b9b345391e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 15901, "end": 15912, "quote": "36 NY2d 780", "context": "contract (CPLR 213, subd 2). In doing so, the majority relies upon Sosnow v Paul (43 AD2d 978, affd 36 NY2d 780) and distinguishes the contrary determination reached in Matter of Paver & Wildfoerster (Catholic H", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 N.Y.2d 780", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_36/0780_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e4c0c2c066e73c53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 16031, "end": 16042, "quote": "38 NY2d 669", "context": " the contrary determination reached in Matter of Paver & Wildfoerster (Catholic High School Assn.) (38 NY2d 669 [which dealt with complaints against an architect both for defects in designs and fault in supervis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 669", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0669_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7a8de056a5353667", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 16509, "end": 16519, "quote": "109 NY 311", "context": "decisions dealing with the general issue here involved.\nIn Webber v Herkimer & Mohawk St. R.R. Co. (109 NY 311, 314-315), the court held that the liability of a carrier to a passenger is governed by the neglige", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 N.Y. 311", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_109/0311_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1dd6f04beb14b7f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 17171, "end": 17182, "quote": "29 AD2d 766", "context": "he more restrictive limitation period of torts or malpractice is to be applied (see Calhoun v Gale, 29 AD2d 766 [as to physicians]; Hurlburt v Gillett, 96 Misc 585, affd 176 App Div 893 [as to dentists]; Carr v ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 A.D.2d 766", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_29/0766_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2bf94a57534d1ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 17223, "end": 17234, "quote": "96 Misc 585", "context": "lpractice is to be applied (see Calhoun v Gale, 29 AD2d 766 [as to physicians]; Hurlburt v Gillett, 96 Misc 585, affd 176 App Div 893 [as to dentists]; Carr v Lipskie, 8 AD2d 330 [as to accountants]; Alyssa Orig", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 Misc. 585", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b97db868e73481c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 17241, "end": 17256, "quote": "176 App Div 893", "context": " applied (see Calhoun v Gale, 29 AD2d 766 [as to physicians]; Hurlburt v Gillett, 96 Misc 585, affd 176 App Div 893 [as to dentists]; Carr v Lipskie, 8 AD2d 330 [as to accountants]; Alyssa Originals v Finkelstein, 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 A.D. 893", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad/volume_176/0893_06/index.html"]}
{"id": "86bf79acd1ffd674", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 17291, "end": 17301, "quote": "8 AD2d 330", "context": "hysicians]; Hurlburt v Gillett, 96 Misc 585, affd 176 App Div 893 [as to dentists]; Carr v Lipskie, 8 AD2d 330 [as to accountants]; Alyssa Originals v Finkelstein, 22 AD2d 701 [as to a landlord’s breach of cove", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 A.D.2d 330", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_8/0330_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ba8bb60c6722f91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 17355, "end": 17366, "quote": "22 AD2d 701", "context": "3 [as to dentists]; Carr v Lipskie, 8 AD2d 330 [as to accountants]; Alyssa Originals v Finkelstein, 22 AD2d 701 [as to a landlord’s breach of covenant of repair resulting in damage to a tenant’s property]; Schmi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 A.D.2d 701", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_22/0701_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0ba6ad423be5ddab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 17501, "end": 17511, "quote": "270 NY 287", "context": "nant of repair resulting in damage to a tenant’s property]; Schmidt v Merchants Despatch Trans. Co. 270 NY 287 [as to an employer’s failure to provide a safe place to work]). The converse of this principle was ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "270 N.Y. 287", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_270/0287_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "840fa7b7cb8c1cb6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 17650, "end": 17660, "quote": "276 NY 259", "context": "e a safe place to work]). The converse of this principle was applied in Brick v Cohn-Hall-Marx Co. (276 NY 259, 264), which held that an action for royalties was subject to the contract Statute of Limitations, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "276 N.Y. 259", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_276/0259_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c7abaa4c56b8e8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 17950, "end": 17958, "quote": "(supra),", "context": "lity, and the essence”.\nSo ingrained and seemingly imbedded was this doctrine that in Sosnow v Paul (supra), an action against architects, the parties agreed (\"rightly or wrongly” said the court in Paver) tha", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0049a6495a433ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 18568, "end": 18585, "quote": "supra, pp 675-678", "context": " owner and its retained architect (see Matter of Paver & Wildfoerster [Catholic High School Assn.], supra, pp 675-678), the court nevertheless refused to apply the rule that where lack of due care by the architect is ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65b72750152ee1fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 21383, "end": 21396, "quote": "(supra, p 675", "context": "sician-patient relationship or in the simple purchase of a railroad ticket.\nAs pointed out in Paver (supra, p 675): \"when the action is one for damages to property or pecuniary interests only, where there is a con", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 669", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0669_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "47e81c3b81b2d645", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 22812, "end": 22822, "quote": "305 NY 140", "context": " not be the underlying reason for the defect is irrelevant (cf. Blessington v McCrory Stores Corp., 305 NY 140).\nThe unfairness of excluding such protection to the owner in an action against the architect is co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "305 N.Y. 140", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_305/0140_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "120bfb0aadac9f79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 23087, "end": 23098, "quote": "43 AD2d 978", "context": "nation of the relationship, and not upon the discovery of defective performance (see Sosnow v Paul, 43 AD2d 978, affd 36 NY2d 780, supra). The result is that an owner has six years in which to discover latent de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 A.D.2d 978", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_43/0978_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aafd3acaf0be0109", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 23105, "end": 23116, "quote": "36 NY2d 780", "context": "tionship, and not upon the discovery of defective performance (see Sosnow v Paul, 43 AD2d 978, affd 36 NY2d 780, supra). The result is that an owner has six years in which to discover latent defects in a buildin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 N.Y.2d 780", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_36/0780_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8e1dd2dfc59bf110", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 23118, "end": 23125, "quote": "supra).", "context": " not upon the discovery of defective performance (see Sosnow v Paul, 43 AD2d 978, affd 36 NY2d 780, supra). The result is that an owner has six years in which to discover latent defects in a building and to ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a50adff6ed67bb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 23535, "end": 23541, "quote": "§ 7302", "context": "chitects, and of exclusivity of the right to recover for architectural services (see Education Law, § 7302; see, also, American Store Equip. & Constr. Corp. v Dempsey’s Punch Bowl, 174 Misc 436, affd 258 Ap", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4081a68ab2623f22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 23616, "end": 23628, "quote": "174 Misc 436", "context": "see Education Law, § 7302; see, also, American Store Equip. & Constr. Corp. v Dempsey’s Punch Bowl, 174 Misc 436, affd 258 App Div 794, affd 283 NY 601), was intended to grant a time immunity against suit greater", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "174 Misc. 436", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "386c296c9c987add", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 23635, "end": 23650, "quote": "258 App Div 794", "context": "§ 7302; see, also, American Store Equip. & Constr. Corp. v Dempsey’s Punch Bowl, 174 Misc 436, affd 258 App Div 794, affd 283 NY 601), was intended to grant a time immunity against suit greater than that granted to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "258 A.D. 794", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8953a79fab05fc43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 23657, "end": 23667, "quote": "283 NY 601", "context": "rican Store Equip. & Constr. Corp. v Dempsey’s Punch Bowl, 174 Misc 436, affd 258 App Div 794, affd 283 NY 601), was intended to grant a time immunity against suit greater than that granted to other experts inv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "283 N.Y. 601", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8be4445834dadace", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 24564, "end": 24576, "quote": "Section 7302", "context": "ment was necessary— should have been granted.\nTHE DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF THE PRACTICE OF ARCHITECTURE\nSection 7302 of the Education Law requires licensing for the practice of architecture. Former section 7301 defin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c21af8c69228ec4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 24658, "end": 24670, "quote": "section 7301", "context": "CTURE\nSection 7302 of the Education Law requires licensing for the practice of architecture. Former section 7301 defined that practice as follows: \"The practice of the profession of architecture is defined as ren", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c424c5f9e4316fdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 25648, "end": 25660, "quote": "section 7201", "context": " and it would seem contrary to ordinary experience to believe that it does. It should be noted that section 7201 of the Education Law, which defines the \"practice of the profession of engineering” (which also req", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "198fe1db5163880a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 26074, "end": 26077, "quote": "§ 3", "context": "cts”) is not confined to the practice of architecture.\nIt has been stated (5 Am Jur 2d, Architects, § 3, p 664): \"What amounts to architectural services within license requirements is a question which ha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e18544a89a41cb27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 28166, "end": 28182, "quote": "77 Cal. App. 399", "context": "act, the rule most commonly applied does not embrace the duty of supervision. ’ (Payne v De Vaughn, 77 Cal. App. 399 [246 Pac. 1069.) When the statute refers to the 'practice of architecture’ and to 'furnishing plans", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 Cal. App. 399", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app/volume_77/0399_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d2943f1ddc217a66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 28184, "end": 28197, "quote": "246 Pac. 1069", "context": " commonly applied does not embrace the duty of supervision. ’ (Payne v De Vaughn, 77 Cal. App. 399 [246 Pac. 1069.) When the statute refers to the 'practice of architecture’ and to 'furnishing plans or other data ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "246 P. 1069", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e775b0b69575daa6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 29028, "end": 29039, "quote": "122 A2d 229", "context": "f supervision of construction, were not prohibited” (emphasis supplied).\nIn Holiday Homes v Briley (122 A2d 229 [Mun Ct of App for the Dist of Col], the court discussed the applicability of a statute prohibiting", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 A.2d 229", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c49520a201d98468", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 29900, "end": 29907, "quote": "the Act", "context": "scharge of the duties outlined above constituted the practice of architecture within the meaning of the Act; nor do we construe the Act * * * to preclude all supervision of performance by one who has a knowl", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c7093a3164899a2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 29928, "end": 29935, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ed above constituted the practice of architecture within the meaning of the Act; nor do we construe the Act * * * to preclude all supervision of performance by one who has a knowledge of architecture” (empha", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a68a8c4121464e06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 30062, "end": 30076, "quote": "82 ALR 2d 1013", "context": "rvision of performance by one who has a knowledge of architecture” (emphasis supplied). (See, also, 82 ALR 2d 1013, 1015.)\nIt is thus clear that an architect’s duties must be considered as bifurcated. The drawing o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 A.L.R. 2d 1013", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9777c7ed5f44828", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 30782, "end": 30790, "quote": "[supra])", "context": "than to some other artisan who may legally perform that work. Otherwise (and in the light of Sosnow [supra]) a knowledgeable and prudent owner would be better advised to have a nonarchitect supervise construc", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5cde0a1df68d2f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 31647, "end": 31658, "quote": "51 AD2d 381", "context": "nths) Statute of Limitations, would apply. Also, although we recently held in Murriello v Crapotta (51 AD2d 381) that an action against a physician for lack of informed consent, for limitations purposes, constit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 A.D.2d 381", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_51/0381_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ecbe67db81746de1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 31884, "end": 31894, "quote": "211 NY 125", "context": "ssault, we indicated that a situation similar to that in Schloendorff v Society of New York Hosps. (211 NY 125 [\"breach of a patient’s instructions not to have surgical intervention and/or a specified course of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "211 N.Y. 125", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_211/0125_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "21d4e888d2f9a58d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 32089, "end": 32100, "quote": "19 NY2d 590", "context": "se of medical treatment”]) would be deemed an assault for limitation purposes (see Pearl v Lesnick, 19 NY2d 590). And of course still viable is the rule that a physician’s promise of a cure is subject to the con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 N.Y.2d 590", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "332c435bfaa2272b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 32244, "end": 32254, "quote": "254 NY 620", "context": "at a physician’s promise of a cure is subject to the contract limitations period (Conklin v Draper, 254 NY 620; Frankel v Wolper, 181 App Div 485, 486, affd 228 NY 582; Robins v Finestone, 308 NY 543).\nThe esse", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "254 N.Y. 620", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f10b32f602ec4ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 32274, "end": 32289, "quote": "181 App Div 485", "context": "cure is subject to the contract limitations period (Conklin v Draper, 254 NY 620; Frankel v Wolper, 181 App Div 485, 486, affd 228 NY 582; Robins v Finestone, 308 NY 543).\nThe essence here is breach of contract, no ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "181 A.D. 485", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad/volume_181/0485_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1bb305f45257e0fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 32301, "end": 32311, "quote": "228 NY 582", "context": "ract limitations period (Conklin v Draper, 254 NY 620; Frankel v Wolper, 181 App Div 485, 486, affd 228 NY 582; Robins v Finestone, 308 NY 543).\nThe essence here is breach of contract, no less than an action by", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "228 N.Y. 582", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_228/0582_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff6aff3317eb314e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 32333, "end": 32343, "quote": "308 NY 543", "context": " v Draper, 254 NY 620; Frankel v Wolper, 181 App Div 485, 486, affd 228 NY 582; Robins v Finestone, 308 NY 543).\nThe essence here is breach of contract, no less than an action by the owner against the contracto", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "308 N.Y. 543", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_308/0543_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f20bc3c8b35af90a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 32857, "end": 32868, "quote": "38 NY2d 669", "context": "ords of art. Her recourse was in malpractice and she failed timely to assert her rights.”\nIn Paver (38 NY2d 669, 673-674, supra) Judge Breitel held just to the contrary for, after citing the provisions of CPLR 7", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 669", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0669_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e5f4c6031d92cde6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 32879, "end": 32885, "quote": "supra)", "context": "rse was in malpractice and she failed timely to assert her rights.”\nIn Paver (38 NY2d 669, 673-674, supra) Judge Breitel held just to the contrary for, after citing the provisions of CPLR 7502 (subd [b]), h", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72e34525db44390a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 33299, "end": 33311, "quote": "226 NYS2d 16", "context": " the arbitration clause was involved (CPLR 213, subd 2; see Matter of Travelers Ind. Co. [De Bose], 226 NYS2d 16, 20; Reconstruction Finance Corp. v Harrisons & Crosfield, 204 F2d 366, 369, cert den 346 US 854; s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "226 N.Y.S.2d 16", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9e109135d31358f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 33398, "end": 33408, "quote": "346 US 854", "context": " 226 NYS2d 16, 20; Reconstruction Finance Corp. v Harrisons & Crosfield, 204 F2d 366, 369, cert den 346 US 854; see, generally, Arbitration-Limitations-Laches, Ann., 37 ALR2d 1125, 1126-1127).\n\"CPLR 7502 (subd ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "346 U.S. 854", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5314dba3a14efaf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 33834, "end": 33846, "quote": "section 7503", "context": "may assert the limitation as a bar to the arbitration on an application to the court as provided in section 7503 [application to stay arbitration]’. The purpose of the statute was to apply the Statute of Limitati", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ddc17e01fa42e67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 34145, "end": 34156, "quote": "17 AD2d 279", "context": " to the arbitration proceeding (see NY Legis Annual, 1959, p 12). As was stated in Matter of Cohen (17 AD2d 279, 282): 'Section 1458-a [the predecessor to CPLR 7502 (subd. [b]) was proposed upon the basis that \"", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 A.D.2d 279", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_17/0279_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c4d53c07c1be5827", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 34165, "end": 34179, "quote": "Section 1458-a", "context": "proceeding (see NY Legis Annual, 1959, p 12). As was stated in Matter of Cohen (17 AD2d 279, 282): 'Section 1458-a [the predecessor to CPLR 7502 (subd. [b]) was proposed upon the basis that \"The same considerations", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea1a6c9d55692701", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 34787, "end": 34801, "quote": "23 Misc 2d 839", "context": ".Y. Legis. Ann., 1959, pp. 12, 13, 27.)’ (See Matter of Plastic Molded Arts Corp. [A & H Doll Mfg], 23 Misc 2d 839, 841, affd 11 AD2d 668; Matter of New York Cent. R. R. Co. [Erie R. R. Co], 30 Misc 2d 362, 368-369", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 Misc. 2d 839", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "defd5168cd71534c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 34813, "end": 34824, "quote": "11 AD2d 668", "context": " 12, 13, 27.)’ (See Matter of Plastic Molded Arts Corp. [A & H Doll Mfg], 23 Misc 2d 839, 841, affd 11 AD2d 668; Matter of New York Cent. R. R. Co. [Erie R. R. Co], 30 Misc 2d 362, 368-369; Skidmore, Owings & Me", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 A.D.2d 668", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f27d7e1ae5877bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 34878, "end": 34892, "quote": "30 Misc 2d 362", "context": "ll Mfg], 23 Misc 2d 839, 841, affd 11 AD2d 668; Matter of New York Cent. R. R. Co. [Erie R. R. Co], 30 Misc 2d 362, 368-369; Skidmore, Owings & Merrill v Connecticut Gen. Life Ins. Co., 25 Conn S 76, 88-91; cf. Fou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 Misc. 2d 362", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22041f00e109f049", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 35363, "end": 35374, "quote": "47 AD2d 610", "context": "n, is barred by the Statute of Limitations (see Matter of Caudill, Rowlett, Scott [Board of Educ.], 47 AD2d 610; Matter of Schlaifer [Kaiser], 46 AD2d 850; Matter of Andresen & Co. v Shepard, 45 AD2d 578, 579; M", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 A.D.2d 610", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_47/0610_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ce90c318a38d370", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 35406, "end": 35417, "quote": "46 AD2d 850", "context": "(see Matter of Caudill, Rowlett, Scott [Board of Educ.], 47 AD2d 610; Matter of Schlaifer [Kaiser], 46 AD2d 850; Matter of Andresen & Co. v Shepard, 45 AD2d 578, 579; Matter of Cohen, 17 AD2d 279, 283, supra [by", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 A.D.2d 850", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_46/0850_03/index.html"]}
{"id": "23adb3bc16bdddee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 35455, "end": 35466, "quote": "45 AD2d 578", "context": "Educ.], 47 AD2d 610; Matter of Schlaifer [Kaiser], 46 AD2d 850; Matter of Andresen & Co. v Shepard, 45 AD2d 578, 579; Matter of Cohen, 17 AD2d 279, 283, supra [by implication]; Hammerstein v Shubert, 127 NYS2d 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 A.D.2d 578", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_45/0578_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8fe0b17db1122c86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 35490, "end": 35501, "quote": "17 AD2d 279", "context": "aifer [Kaiser], 46 AD2d 850; Matter of Andresen & Co. v Shepard, 45 AD2d 578, 579; Matter of Cohen, 17 AD2d 279, 283, supra [by implication]; Hammerstein v Shubert, 127 NYS2d 249, 251; 8 Weinstein-Korn-Miller, N", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 A.D.2d 279", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_17/0279_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "531d711c068307ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 35508, "end": 35513, "quote": "supra", "context": " AD2d 850; Matter of Andresen & Co. v Shepard, 45 AD2d 578, 579; Matter of Cohen, 17 AD2d 279, 283, supra [by implication]; Hammerstein v Shubert, 127 NYS2d 249, 251; 8 Weinstein-Korn-Miller, NY Civ Prac, ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e93e870812d384d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 35555, "end": 35568, "quote": "127 NYS2d 249", "context": "45 AD2d 578, 579; Matter of Cohen, 17 AD2d 279, 283, supra [by implication]; Hammerstein v Shubert, 127 NYS2d 249, 251; 8 Weinstein-Korn-Miller, NY Civ Prac, par 7502.14).\n\"Thus, it is necessary to consider if, at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 N.Y.S.2d 249", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0112a11ad42dd85a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_53/0437_01/index.html", "start": 38626, "end": 38638, "quote": "section 7301", "context": "ndence”, he has no obligation whatever to \"supervise the work being done”.\n. The current version of section 7301 (see L 1972, ch 923) is, insofar as the instant case is concerned, to the same effect.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d29ab885b63882a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_58/0688_01/index.html", "start": 699, "end": 710, "quote": "56 AD2d 964", "context": " held herein that the aides were not independent contractors (cf. Tri-Cities Nurses Registry [Ross] 56 AD2d 964), and the sole question was whether they were employed by the appellant who contends that it is sim", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 A.D.2d 964", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_56/0964_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "825400016372b379", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_58/0688_01/index.html", "start": 1162, "end": 1178, "quote": "281 App Div 1051", "context": "ard found that the present situation is not substantially different from Matter of Rinaldi (Corsi) (281 App Div 1051) and, accordingly, the appellant was the employer and not just an employment agency. Upon this reco", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "281 A.D. 1051", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad/volume_281/1051_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "471c87de8e5a1259", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_68/0166_01/index.html", "start": 2392, "end": 2403, "quote": "section 240", "context": "sole charge in the complaint is that Murnane and the College failed to comply with subdivision 1 of section 240 of the Labor Law.\nMurnane and the College have brought third-party actions against Stay seeking ind", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7920253f7975a69b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_68/0166_01/index.html", "start": 3054, "end": 3065, "quote": "section 240", "context": "ks to recover damages upon the ground that the defendants failed to comply with the requirements of section 240 of the Labor Law as to certain scaffolding upon which her decedent was working when he fell to his ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa4ad4957fa92790", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_68/0166_01/index.html", "start": 3578, "end": 3589, "quote": "section 240", "context": "ide the vertical supports. This agreed upon fact is enough to invoke absolute liability pursuant to section 240 and Special Term cannot be faulted for foreclosing receipt of further factual issues.\nThe appellant", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc8aaa977be7d36a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_68/0166_01/index.html", "start": 3939, "end": 3949, "quote": "164 Misc 7", "context": "te statutory duty was long ago rejected in this department in the case of Griebsch v Babbitt, Inc. (164 Misc 7, 9, affd 254 App Div 601).\nIt has long been established that contributory negligence is not a defen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "164 Misc. 7", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d207d00f02eb41a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_68/0166_01/index.html", "start": 3959, "end": 3974, "quote": "254 App Div 601", "context": "s long ago rejected in this department in the case of Griebsch v Babbitt, Inc. (164 Misc 7, 9, affd 254 App Div 601).\nIt has long been established that contributory negligence is not a defense where there is an abso", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "254 A.D. 601", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e00b4d9df8a8e9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_68/0166_01/index.html", "start": 4147, "end": 4157, "quote": "298 NY 313", "context": "ense where there is an absolute statutory duty under the Labor Law (Koenig v Patrick Constr. Corp., 298 NY 313, 318).\nWhile the law has substantially changed since the Griebsch decision of 1938 and while it is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "298 N.Y. 313", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_298/0313_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a70cfa5737739502", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_68/0166_01/index.html", "start": 4335, "end": 4346, "quote": "section 240", "context": " 1938 and while it is alleged that availability of an assumption of risk defense in an action under section 240 of the Labor Law is apparently a matter of first impression, we would buttress our decision by noti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31344b2d21eac29a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_68/0166_01/index.html", "start": 5350, "end": 5361, "quote": "section 240", "context": "of assumption of risk, like contributory negligence, is no defense in an action brought pursuant to section 240 of the Labor Law.\nThe order should be affirmed, with one bill of costs to plaintiff jointly against", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79d2c26eedecd089", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_87/0607_01/index.html", "start": 582, "end": 593, "quote": "12 NY2d 339", "context": "ducement to plaintiff’s execution of the contract (see Dress Shirt Sales v Hotel Martinique Assoc., 12 NY2d 339, 343; 24 NY Jur, Fraud and Deceit, § 163, at p 231; § 164). Weinstein, J. P., O’Connor, Bracken and", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 N.Y.2d 339", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_12/0339_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a6c0e66d2cedc925", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_87/0607_01/index.html", "start": 629, "end": 634, "quote": "§ 163", "context": "ct (see Dress Shirt Sales v Hotel Martinique Assoc., 12 NY2d 339, 343; 24 NY Jur, Fraud and Deceit, § 163, at p 231; § 164). Weinstein, J. P., O’Connor, Bracken and Rubin, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dede57165398193c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_87/0607_01/index.html", "start": 646, "end": 651, "quote": "§ 164", "context": "rt Sales v Hotel Martinique Assoc., 12 NY2d 339, 343; 24 NY Jur, Fraud and Deceit, § 163, at p 231; § 164). Weinstein, J. P., O’Connor, Bracken and Rubin, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e5b3534ab690e36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 2264, "end": 2275, "quote": "69 AD2d 297", "context": "final judgment which may be granted after a trial on the merits (Gambar Enterprises v Kelly Servs., 69 AD2d 297; 7A Weinstein-Korn-Miller, NY Civ Prac, par 6301.05, p 63-11). However, no trial was held prior to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 A.D.2d 297", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_69/0297_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "830f2ac392de71a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 2964, "end": 2974, "quote": "295 NY 198", "context": "f did not demonstrate irreparable harm and that he has no adequate remedy at law (see Kane v Walsh, 295 NY 198; Thomas v Musical Mut. Protective Union, 121 NY 45; Stanklus v County of Montgomery, 86 AD2d 908). ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "295 N.Y. 198", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_295/0198_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0bf9bd34b55b441c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3016, "end": 3025, "quote": "121 NY 45", "context": "as no adequate remedy at law (see Kane v Walsh, 295 NY 198; Thomas v Musical Mut. Protective Union, 121 NY 45; Stanklus v County of Montgomery, 86 AD2d 908). CPLR article 78 relief is available to review the a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "121 N.Y. 45", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_121/0045_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "951d6964d7a2937e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3060, "end": 3071, "quote": "86 AD2d 908", "context": "sh, 295 NY 198; Thomas v Musical Mut. Protective Union, 121 NY 45; Stanklus v County of Montgomery, 86 AD2d 908). CPLR article 78 relief is available to review the actions of defendant university and to make inq", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 A.D.2d 908", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_86/0908_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f7933f67d7a06cf0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3254, "end": 3265, "quote": "49 NY2d 652", "context": "y and to make inquiry to determine whether it abided by its own rules (see Tedeschi v Wagner Coll., 49 NY2d 652; Matter of Gray v Canisius Coll, of Buffalo, 76 AD2d 30; Matter of Carr v St. John’s Univ., N. Y., ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 N.Y.2d 652", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_49/0652_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f392146bb88e772a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3311, "end": 3321, "quote": "76 AD2d 30", "context": "ts own rules (see Tedeschi v Wagner Coll., 49 NY2d 652; Matter of Gray v Canisius Coll, of Buffalo, 76 AD2d 30; Matter of Carr v St. John’s Univ., N. Y., 17 AD2d 632, affd 12 NY2d 802) and “whether [it] has act", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 A.D.2d 30", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_76/0030_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae1822b4ca1c9dbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3365, "end": 3376, "quote": "17 AD2d 632", "context": "; Matter of Gray v Canisius Coll, of Buffalo, 76 AD2d 30; Matter of Carr v St. John’s Univ., N. Y., 17 AD2d 632, affd 12 NY2d 802) and “whether [it] has acted in good faith or its action was arbitrary or irratio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 A.D.2d 632", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_17/0632_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "95b4b4061333b6a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3383, "end": 3394, "quote": "12 NY2d 802", "context": " Canisius Coll, of Buffalo, 76 AD2d 30; Matter of Carr v St. John’s Univ., N. Y., 17 AD2d 632, affd 12 NY2d 802) and “whether [it] has acted in good faith or its action was arbitrary or irrational” (Tedeschi v W", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 N.Y.2d 802", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d74f29e72a2e48d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3507, "end": 3518, "quote": "49 NY2d 652", "context": "r [it] has acted in good faith or its action was arbitrary or irrational” (Tedeschi v Wagner Coll., 49 NY2d 652, 658, supra). Injunctive relief will not lie where there is an adequate remedy at law in a proceedi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 N.Y.2d 652", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_49/0652_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "87c86a6390db43e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3525, "end": 3532, "quote": "supra).", "context": "n good faith or its action was arbitrary or irrational” (Tedeschi v Wagner Coll., 49 NY2d 652, 658, supra). Injunctive relief will not lie where there is an adequate remedy at law in a proceeding under artic", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69c33b200d08cca8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3653, "end": 3659, "quote": "supra;", "context": "ll not lie where there is an adequate remedy at law in a proceeding under article 78 (Kane v Walsh, supra; Nassau Roofing & Sheet Metal Co. v Facilities Dev. Corp., 70 AD2d 1021, app dsmd 48 NY2d 654). Acco", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "295 N.Y. 198", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_295/0198_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8300d7a41e15b420", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3718, "end": 3730, "quote": "70 AD2d 1021", "context": "ng under article 78 (Kane v Walsh, supra; Nassau Roofing & Sheet Metal Co. v Facilities Dev. Corp., 70 AD2d 1021, app dsmd 48 NY2d 654). Accordingly, the action is converted to a proceeding pursuant to article 78", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 A.D.2d 1021", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_70/1021_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "603e976e20d69704", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3741, "end": 3752, "quote": "48 NY2d 654", "context": "ne v Walsh, supra; Nassau Roofing & Sheet Metal Co. v Facilities Dev. Corp., 70 AD2d 1021, app dsmd 48 NY2d 654). Accordingly, the action is converted to a proceeding pursuant to article 78 (see Santiago v Blum,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "48 N.Y.2d 654", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e8d6279be68182d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3853, "end": 3864, "quote": "75 AD2d 596", "context": ". Accordingly, the action is converted to a proceeding pursuant to article 78 (see Santiago v Blum, 75 AD2d 596, mot for lv to app den 50 NY2d 804; CPLR103, subd [c]). (Appeal from order of Supreme Court, Cattar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 A.D.2d 596", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_75/0596_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1f18c8f037834531", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad2d/volume_91/0855_01/index.html", "start": 3888, "end": 3899, "quote": "50 NY2d 804", "context": "ted to a proceeding pursuant to article 78 (see Santiago v Blum, 75 AD2d 596, mot for lv to app den 50 NY2d 804; CPLR103, subd [c]). (Appeal from order of Supreme Court, Cattaraugus County, Green, J. — injunctio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 N.Y.2d 804", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "58ced96009795de2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_104/0138_01/index.html", "start": 414, "end": 418, "quote": "§ 90", "context": "ment.\nThe Departmental Disciplinary Committee (Committee) seeks an order, pursuant to Judiciary Law § 90 (2) and 22 NYCRR 603.3, censuring respondent predicated upon similar discipline imposed by the U.S.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1c39b6291534c73", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_104/0138_01/index.html", "start": 622, "end": 637, "quote": "451 Fed Appx 37", "context": "rt of Appeals for the Second Circuit.\nBy amended order of the Second Circuit dated January 6, 2012 (451 Fed Appx 37 [2d Cir 2012]), respondent was publicly reprimanded for deficient briefing in six cases and for san", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "451 F. App'x 37", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e2aeeb2e9f3752d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_104/0138_01/index.html", "start": 1692, "end": 1703, "quote": "78 AD3d 152", "context": " for the representation”), and reciprocal discipline is therefore appropriate (see Matter of Jaffe, 78 AD3d 152 [1st Dept 2010]).\nAccordingly, the Committee’s petition for reciprocal discipline should be granted", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 A.D.3d 152", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_78/0152_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "437a49068e56598b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_115/0509_01/index.html", "start": 1032, "end": 1036, "quote": "§ 64", "context": "e public interest” would not be promoted by issuance of the license (Alcoholic Beverage Control Law § 64 [1], [6-a]).\nRespondent’s determination is supported by two reasons, including community impact, ar", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff644019faf18844", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_115/0509_01/index.html", "start": 1329, "end": 1340, "quote": "32 AD3d 363", "context": "ducted in connection with the application (see Matter of Soho Alliance v New York State Liq. Auth., 32 AD3d 363 [1st Dept 2006]; compare Matter of Circus Disco v New York State Liq. Auth., 51 NY2d 24, 38 [1980])", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 A.D.3d 363", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0363_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d679302cab19666a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_115/0509_01/index.html", "start": 1418, "end": 1428, "quote": "51 NY2d 24", "context": "iq. Auth., 32 AD3d 363 [1st Dept 2006]; compare Matter of Circus Disco v New York State Liq. Auth., 51 NY2d 24, 38 [1980]).\nRespondent’s determination to adhere to its prior determination that one of the indivi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 N.Y.2d 24", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_51/0024_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8e29ac9a0642b83e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_115/0509_01/index.html", "start": 2283, "end": 2288, "quote": "§ 110", "context": "nancially interested in the business, and the sources of investment (Alcoholic Beverage Control Law § 110 [1] [h]), is based on petitioner’s claim that it had invested much more in the business than the di", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9938158f9dbb2652", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 119, "end": 128, "quote": "9 USC § 1", "context": "RT\nRichter, J.\nIn this appeal, we must determine, first, whether the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) (9 USC § 1 et seq.) applies to the underlying agreements and, second, whether plaintiffs waived their right to", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "9 U.S.C. § 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b28f082178154ec9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 4317, "end": 4335, "quote": "40 Misc 3d 1208[A]", "context": " the FAA does not apply to the agreements at issue because they do not involve interstate commerce (40 Misc 3d 1208[A], 2013 NY Slip Op 51077[U] [2013]). Thus, the motion court concluded that the question of whether th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 Misc. 3d 1208(A)", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c90c05cba41e912", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 4337, "end": 4361, "quote": "2013 NY Slip Op 51077[U]", "context": "ply to the agreements at issue because they do not involve interstate commerce (40 Misc 3d 1208[A], 2013 NY Slip Op 51077[U] [2013]). Thus, the motion court concluded that the question of whether the claims are barred by the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2013 NY Slip Op 51077(U)", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb1ba22ff627f6eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 5661, "end": 5671, "quote": "4 NY3d 247", "context": "rbitrator, not the court (see Matter of Diamond Waterproofing Sys., Inc. v 55 Liberty Owners Corp., 4 NY3d 247, 252 [2005]). The FAA governs agreements which “evidence] a transaction involving commerce” (9 USC ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 N.Y.3d 247", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_4/0247_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "267e694f8e1b615e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 5765, "end": 5774, "quote": "9 USC § 2", "context": "3d 247, 252 [2005]). The FAA governs agreements which “evidence] a transaction involving commerce” (9 USC § 2). In determining if the FAA applies to a contract, the central question is whether the “agreement i", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "9 U.S.C. § 2", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce833c85c4fa27ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 5997, "end": 6006, "quote": "539 US 52", "context": " a transaction involving commerce within the meaning of the [FAA]” (Citizens Bank v Alafabco, Inc., 539 US 52, 53 [2003] [internal quotation marks omitted]).\nCourts have interpreted the term “involving commerc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "539 U.S. 52", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_539/0052_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2ea797da05043b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 6122, "end": 6131, "quote": "id. at 56", "context": "ernal quotation marks omitted]).\nCourts have interpreted the term “involving commerce” broadly (see id. at 56; Allied-Bruce Terminix Cos. v Dobson, 513 US 265, 270 [1995]). In Allied-Bruce, the United States S", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "539 U.S. 52", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_539/0052_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa531ced0c2c4d5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 6170, "end": 6180, "quote": "513 US 265", "context": "erpreted the term “involving commerce” broadly (see id. at 56; Allied-Bruce Terminix Cos. v Dobson, 513 US 265, 270 [1995]). In Allied-Bruce, the United States Supreme Court concluded that the purpose of the FA", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "513 U.S. 265", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_513/0265_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d031644bb0e5db48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 6437, "end": 6450, "quote": "513 US at 275", "context": "ement of arbitration agreements — supports a broad interpretation of the term “involving commerce” (513 US at 275). The Court declined to restrict transactions involving commerce only to those “activities within t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "513 U.S. 265", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_513/0265_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "55b1f80be8b61c52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 6583, "end": 6593, "quote": "id. at 273", "context": " transactions involving commerce only to those “activities within the flow of interstate commerce” (id. at 273 [internal quotation marks and emphasis omitted]). Rather, it found the phrase “involving commerce” ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3fc5d05384b53ae4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 6831, "end": 6841, "quote": "id. at 273", "context": "merce,” a term associated with the broad application of Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause (id. at 273-274; see Citizens Bank, 539 US at 56).\nThe Supreme Court reaffirmed this interpretation of “involvi", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba0354acf049d36f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 6866, "end": 6878, "quote": "539 US at 56", "context": "broad application of Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause (id. at 273-274; see Citizens Bank, 539 US at 56).\nThe Supreme Court reaffirmed this interpretation of “involving commerce” in Citizens Bank, statin", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "539 U.S. 52", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_539/0052_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7ea6103ee0602108", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 7147, "end": 7159, "quote": "539 US at 56", "context": "of transactions than those actually in commerce — that is, within the flow of interstate commerce” (539 US at 56 [internal quotation marks omitted]). Further, the Court held that individual transactions do not ne", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "539 U.S. 52", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_539/0052_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c53557224f5074b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 7345, "end": 7348, "quote": "id.", "context": "ions do not need to have a substantial effect on interstate commerce in order for the FAA to apply (id.). Rather, as long as there is economic activity that constitutes a general practice “hearting] on i", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "917b2a540e1dd4df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 7513, "end": 7522, "quote": "id. at 57", "context": " a general practice “hearting] on interstate commerce in a substantial way,” the FAA is applicable (id. at 57; see also Wien & Malkin LLP v Helmsley-Spear, Inc., 6 NY3d 471, 478 [2006], cert dismissed 548 US 9", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e82e9303d8c6aad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 7575, "end": 7585, "quote": "6 NY3d 471", "context": "stantial way,” the FAA is applicable (id. at 57; see also Wien & Malkin LLP v Helmsley-Spear, Inc., 6 NY3d 471, 478 [2006], cert dismissed 548 US 940 [2006]; ImClone Sys. Inc. v Waksal, 22 AD3d 387, 387 [1st De", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "6 N.Y.3d 471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_6/0471_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "667703c37fc1ada5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 7614, "end": 7624, "quote": "548 US 940", "context": "d. at 57; see also Wien & Malkin LLP v Helmsley-Spear, Inc., 6 NY3d 471, 478 [2006], cert dismissed 548 US 940 [2006]; ImClone Sys. Inc. v Waksal, 22 AD3d 387, 387 [1st Dept 2005]).\nBased on a broad application", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "548 U.S. 940", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4d1b944666f24f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 7661, "end": 7672, "quote": "22 AD3d 387", "context": "-Spear, Inc., 6 NY3d 471, 478 [2006], cert dismissed 548 US 940 [2006]; ImClone Sys. Inc. v Waksal, 22 AD3d 387, 387 [1st Dept 2005]).\nBased on a broad application of the term “involving commerce,” we find that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 A.D.3d 387", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_22/0387_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68e8a11eb582a4c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 8506, "end": 8518, "quote": "116 AD3d 602", "context": "ut-of-state, renders the FAA applicable to these agreements (see Frumkin v P&S Constr., N.Y., Inc., 116 AD3d 602, 603 [1st Dept 2014]).\nWe reject respondents’ claims that the FAA is inapplicable because, in their", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 A.D.3d 602", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_116/0602_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0ce5cea85c43d5e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 8878, "end": 8893, "quote": "539 US at 56-57", "context": "sents a general practice that bears on interstate commerce in a substantial way (see Citizens Bank, 539 US at 56-57; Diamond Waterproofing, 4 NY3d at 250 [FAA was applicable “as the contract had an effect on interst", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "539 U.S. 52", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_539/0052_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "80d3085e02ed4577", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 8918, "end": 8931, "quote": "4 NY3d at 250", "context": "nterstate commerce in a substantial way (see Citizens Bank, 539 US at 56-57; Diamond Waterproofing, 4 NY3d at 250 [FAA was applicable “as the contract had an effect on interstate commerce” (emphasis added)]). This", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "4 N.Y.3d 247", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_4/0247_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1590913428ba977", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 9808, "end": 9825, "quote": "513 US at 277-279", "context": "interstate commerce or if it was enough that a transaction involving commerce had occurred in fact (513 US at 277-279). The Court found that requiring parties to include a specific reference to interstate commerce in ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "513 U.S. 265", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_513/0265_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6bc1111c340f7ec1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 10121, "end": 10131, "quote": "id. at 278", "context": "ties contested whether interstate commerce was contemplated at the time the agreement was executed (id. at 278-279). The fact that the agreements here did not expressly contemplate the ownership of commercial r", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb0b37b5cdb472b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 10682, "end": 10694, "quote": "253 AD2d 659", "context": "party has waived this right by having participated in litigation (Matter of Advest, Inc. v Wachtel, 253 AD2d 659, 660 [1st Dept 1998]; see Ryan v Kellogg Partners Inst. Servs., 58 AD3d 481, 481 [1st Dept 2009]). ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "253 A.D.2d 659", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_253/0659_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ebab79741d2acded", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 10759, "end": 10770, "quote": "58 AD3d 481", "context": "dvest, Inc. v Wachtel, 253 AD2d 659, 660 [1st Dept 1998]; see Ryan v Kellogg Partners Inst. Servs., 58 AD3d 481, 481 [1st Dept 2009]). There is a “strong federal policy favoring arbitration,” and waiver should n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 A.D.3d 481", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_58/0481_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7d05296a36a6c438", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 10964, "end": 10973, "quote": "67 F3d 20", "context": "ould not be “lightly inferred” under the FAA (Leadertex, Inc. v Morganton Dyeing & Finishing Corp., 67 F3d 20, 25 [2d Cir 1995] [internal quotation marks omitted]; see Rush v Oppenheimer & Co., 779 F2d 885, 88", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 F.3d 20", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_67/0020_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb51d776f0e351ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 11716, "end": 11728, "quote": "67 F3d at 25", "context": "(2) the amount of litigation thus far; and (3) proof of prejudice to the opposing party (Leadertex, 67 F3d at 25; see Matter of Advest, 253 AD2d at 660-661). Indeed, “[t]he key to a waiver analysis is prejudice” ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "67 F.3d 20", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_67/0020_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d8d66ba6793c09f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 11752, "end": 11771, "quote": "253 AD2d at 660-661", "context": "r; and (3) proof of prejudice to the opposing party (Leadertex, 67 F3d at 25; see Matter of Advest, 253 AD2d at 660-661). Indeed, “[t]he key to a waiver analysis is prejudice” (Thyssen, Inc. v Calypso Shipping Corp., S.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "253 A.D.2d 659", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_253/0659_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3bcbb57be3918a4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 11875, "end": 11886, "quote": "310 F3d 102", "context": "ndeed, “[t]he key to a waiver analysis is prejudice” (Thyssen, Inc. v Calypso Shipping Corp., S.A., 310 F3d 102, 105 [2d Cir 2002]). Prejudice may either be substantive prejudice or result from excessive delay o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "310 F.3d 102", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_310/0102_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "95792b840acf84ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 12075, "end": 12085, "quote": "id. at 105", "context": "ive delay or costs caused by the moving party’s pursuit of litigation prior to seeking arbitration (id. at 105), though cost alone is not sufficient to establish prejudice (see Blimpie Intl. v D’Elia, 277 AD2d ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37e51e5637e0eb4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 12176, "end": 12187, "quote": "277 AD2d 69", "context": "d. at 105), though cost alone is not sufficient to establish prejudice (see Blimpie Intl. v D’Elia, 277 AD2d 69, 70 [1st Dept 2000]). A party may be substantively prejudiced when the other party is attempting to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "277 A.D.2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_277/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e6fe400ae0468a7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 12478, "end": 12490, "quote": "67 F3d at 26", "context": "or seeks arbitration after engaging in discovery that is unavailable in arbitration (see Leadertex, 67 F3d at 26).\nApplying these principles, we find that plaintiffs’ actions in this litigation have not prejudice", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "67 F.3d 20", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_67/0020_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "93c5d7bd5f534821", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 13584, "end": 13596, "quote": "67 F3d at 26", "context": "iffs did not obtain any evidence that would not be available to them in arbitration (see Leadertex, 67 F3d at 26).\nRespondents assert that plaintiffs, by seeking arbitration, are attempting to relitigate the issu", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "67 F.3d 20", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_67/0020_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67b6fe1370560865", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 14949, "end": 14963, "quote": "310 F3d at 105", "context": "ticularly where a delay “was not accompanied by substantial motion practice or discovery” (Thyssen, 310 F3d at 105). Further, the expense the accountants incurred in responding to plaintiffs’ procedural motion and ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "310 F.3d 102", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_310/0102_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2fd6575c409c824d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 15116, "end": 15119, "quote": "id.", "context": "esponding to plaintiffs’ procedural motion and subpoenas does not, by itself, establish waiver (see id.; Blimpie, 277 AD2d at 70). Indeed, this Court has found that “[p]retrial expense and delay, without", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f06b586c442604d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 15130, "end": 15144, "quote": "277 AD2d at 70", "context": "laintiffs’ procedural motion and subpoenas does not, by itself, establish waiver (see id.; Blimpie, 277 AD2d at 70). Indeed, this Court has found that “[p]retrial expense and delay, without more, does not constitut", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "277 A.D.2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_277/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de2ea5ce268861ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 15296, "end": 15310, "quote": "277 AD2d at 70", "context": "ense and delay, without more, does not constitute prejudice sufficient to support” waiver (Blimpie, 277 AD2d at 70).\nAlthough plaintiffs could have sought arbitration sooner, the fact that they did not file a subst", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "277 A.D.2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_277/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7160a50c60acc831", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 15707, "end": 15719, "quote": "67 F3d at 25", "context": "doubts concerning whether there has been a waiver are resolved in favor of arbitration” (Leadertex, 67 F3d at 25). In light of the strong preference for arbitration and the lack of prejudice to respondents, we fi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "67 F.3d 20", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_67/0020_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cd43a35d167e66ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 15864, "end": 15882, "quote": "310 F3d at 104-105", "context": "tration and the lack of prejudice to respondents, we find that no waiver has occurred (see Thyssen, 310 F3d at 104-105).\nWe have considered respondents’ remaining contentions and find them unavailing.\nAccordingly, the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "310 F.3d 102", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_310/0102_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "47fc45a9d7b142bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 18163, "end": 18176, "quote": "4 NY3d at 253", "context": "us agreements require that the timeliness issue be decided by the court (see Diamond Waterproofing, 4 NY3d at 253). Because neither she nor the other respondents raised this issue before the motion court, it is un", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "4 N.Y.3d 247", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_4/0247_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "30b9cfb79bc56316", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 18450, "end": 18462, "quote": "304 AD2d 413", "context": "of justice.\n. Respondents’ reliance on Matter of Laszlo N. Tauber & Assoc. I v American Mgt. Assn. (304 AD2d 413 [1st Dept 2003]) is misplaced. Laszlo predates both Citizens Bank and Diamond Waterproofing, which ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "304 A.D.2d 413", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_304/0413_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6dbfc9982bc2119", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 18657, "end": 18670, "quote": "4 NY3d at 252", "context": "hich reiterated the broad interpretation of the phrase “involving commerce” (Diamond Waterproofing, 4 NY3d at 252).\n. [3] We reject plaintiffs’ contention that the issue of waiver must be sent to arbitration becau", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "4 N.Y.3d 247", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_4/0247_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e79103a3a511bf35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 18884, "end": 18895, "quote": "66 AD3d 495", "context": "nts at issue reference the AAA rules. In Life Receivables Trust v Goshawk Syndicate 102 at Lloyd’s (66 AD3d 495 [1st Dept 2009], affd 14 NY3d 850 [2010]), this Court held that where the arbitration agreement ref", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 A.D.3d 495", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2496d5be396c4ec7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 18918, "end": 18929, "quote": "14 NY3d 850", "context": "es. In Life Receivables Trust v Goshawk Syndicate 102 at Lloyd’s (66 AD3d 495 [1st Dept 2009], affd 14 NY3d 850 [2010]), this Court held that where the arbitration agreement referred to arbitration under the AAA", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 N.Y.3d 850", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_14/0850_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f2a2a4c7a70114a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 19307, "end": 19319, "quote": "105 AD3d 463", "context": "uct during litigation. Indeed, this Court in a recent case, 21st Century N. Am. Ins. Co. v Douglas (105 AD3d 463 [1st Dept 2013]), which discussed Life Receivables, decided the issue of whether arbitration was wa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 A.D.3d 463", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_105/0463_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "887bd5f5cada63ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 19672, "end": 19683, "quote": "68 AD3d 539", "context": " issue of waiver by litigation conduct decided by the arbitrator (see generally Zachariou v Manios, 68 AD3d 539, 539-540 [1st Dept 2009]). Nor would it make sense to do this, given the specific issue here, where", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 A.D.3d 539", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0539_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fc23259d35a1dae2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 20167, "end": 20180, "quote": "4 NY3d at 252", "context": "amond Waterproofing contains dicta suggesting that waiver is a matter for the arbitrator to decide (4 NY3d at 252, citing Howsam v Dean Witter Reynolds, Inc., 537 US 79, 84 [2002]). Notwithstanding that language, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "4 N.Y.3d 247", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_4/0247_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a8d9735b3da55783", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 20226, "end": 20235, "quote": "537 US 79", "context": "s a matter for the arbitrator to decide (4 NY3d at 252, citing Howsam v Dean Witter Reynolds, Inc., 537 US 79, 84 [2002]). Notwithstanding that language, several circuit courts of appeal have concluded that Ho", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "537 U.S. 79", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_537/0079_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d83482d3caa0ac71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 20534, "end": 20546, "quote": "664 F3d 1350", "context": "s litigation conduct constitutes a waiver of arbitration (see Grigsby & Assoc., Inc. v M Sec. Inv., 664 F3d 1350, 1354 [11th Cir 2011]; JPD, Inc. v Chronimed Holdings, Inc., 539 F3d 388, 394 [6th Cir 2008]; Ehlei", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "664 F.3d 1350", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_664/1350_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6331ac0219340e0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 20608, "end": 20619, "quote": "539 F3d 388", "context": "soc., Inc. v M Sec. Inv., 664 F3d 1350, 1354 [11th Cir 2011]; JPD, Inc. v Chronimed Holdings, Inc., 539 F3d 388, 394 [6th Cir 2008]; Ehleiter v Grapetree Shores, Inc., 482 F3d 207, 217 [3d Cir 2007]; Marie v All", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "539 F.3d 388", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_539/0388_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6b55778966ea1e48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 20676, "end": 20687, "quote": "482 F3d 207", "context": "nc. v Chronimed Holdings, Inc., 539 F3d 388, 394 [6th Cir 2008]; Ehleiter v Grapetree Shores, Inc., 482 F3d 207, 217 [3d Cir 2007]; Marie v Allied Home Mtge. Corp., 402 F3d 1, 11-12 [1st Cir 2005]).\n. Respondent", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "482 F.3d 207", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_482/0207_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6549d73b3f2c707", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 20741, "end": 20750, "quote": "402 F3d 1", "context": "Ehleiter v Grapetree Shores, Inc., 482 F3d 207, 217 [3d Cir 2007]; Marie v Allied Home Mtge. Corp., 402 F3d 1, 11-12 [1st Cir 2005]).\n. Respondents’ contention that this case is analogous to Louisiana Stadium ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "402 F.3d 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_402/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b4cec36e7bc76786", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 20915, "end": 20926, "quote": "626 F3d 156", "context": " is analogous to Louisiana Stadium & Exposition Dist. v Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc. (626 F3d 156 [2d Cir 2010]) is unavailing. In that case, the plaintiffs filed two “essentially identical” action", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "626 F.3d 156", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_626/0156_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "664c50b62814ff2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_120/0142_01/index.html", "start": 21118, "end": 21128, "quote": "id. at 158", "context": "” actions in federal and state court and filed three complaints before finally seeking arbitration (id. at 158).\n. Because the Strianeses were not named as defendants in plaintiffs’ original complaint and were ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "237ce3dbad7fbd7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 671, "end": 679, "quote": "§ 265.03", "context": "ting him upon his plea of guilty of criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree (Penal Law § 265.03 [3]), defendant contends that County Court erred in denying that part of his omnibus motion seeking", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "251f25586ed3a71f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2032, "end": 2044, "quote": "294 AD2d 918", "context": "officer and then escorted by the second officer to be placed in the police car (see People v Evans, 294 AD2d 918, 919 [2002], lv dismissed 98 NY2d 768 [2002]; People v Sanchez, 280 AD2d 891, 891 [2001], lv denied", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "294 A.D.2d 918", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_294/0918_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "225b73a17bac6195", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2071, "end": 2082, "quote": "98 NY2d 768", "context": " officer to be placed in the police car (see People v Evans, 294 AD2d 918, 919 [2002], lv dismissed 98 NY2d 768 [2002]; People v Sanchez, 280 AD2d 891, 891 [2001], lv denied 96 NY2d 806 [2001]; see generally Peo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 N.Y.2d 768", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c3606c1806bdc11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2109, "end": 2121, "quote": "280 AD2d 891", "context": "r (see People v Evans, 294 AD2d 918, 919 [2002], lv dismissed 98 NY2d 768 [2002]; People v Sanchez, 280 AD2d 891, 891 [2001], lv denied 96 NY2d 806 [2001]; see generally People v Yukl, 25 NY2d 585, 589 [1969], ce", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "280 A.D.2d 891", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_280/0891_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e5204f16cf3cf7a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2145, "end": 2156, "quote": "96 NY2d 806", "context": " 919 [2002], lv dismissed 98 NY2d 768 [2002]; People v Sanchez, 280 AD2d 891, 891 [2001], lv denied 96 NY2d 806 [2001]; see generally People v Yukl, 25 NY2d 585, 589 [1969], cert denied 400 US 851 [1980]), and t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 N.Y.2d 806", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7159271ab55abaff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2194, "end": 2205, "quote": "25 NY2d 585", "context": "ple v Sanchez, 280 AD2d 891, 891 [2001], lv denied 96 NY2d 806 [2001]; see generally People v Yukl, 25 NY2d 585, 589 [1969], cert denied 400 US 851 [1980]), and that defendant was subjected to pre-Miranda interr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 N.Y.2d 585", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_25/0585_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2beaac106467897c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2231, "end": 2241, "quote": "400 US 851", "context": "1], lv denied 96 NY2d 806 [2001]; see generally People v Yukl, 25 NY2d 585, 589 [1969], cert denied 400 US 851 [1980]), and that defendant was subjected to pre-Miranda interrogation because his initial admissio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "400 U.S. 851", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c9b6dec78ad1fbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2517, "end": 2529, "quote": "52 AD3d 1175", "context": "ip of the gun that was “ ‘reasonably likely to elicit an incriminating response’ ” (People v Brown, 52 AD3d 1175, 1176 [2008], lv denied 11 NY3d 923 [2009], quoting Rhode Island v Innis, 446 US 291, 301 [1980]; s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 A.D.3d 1175", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_52/1175_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "46926797493bcf78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2554, "end": 2565, "quote": "11 NY3d 923", "context": "likely to elicit an incriminating response’ ” (People v Brown, 52 AD3d 1175, 1176 [2008], lv denied 11 NY3d 923 [2009], quoting Rhode Island v Innis, 446 US 291, 301 [1980]; see People v Flowers, 59 AD3d 1141, 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 N.Y.3d 923", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8431316a4e860654", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2604, "end": 2614, "quote": "446 US 291", "context": "ple v Brown, 52 AD3d 1175, 1176 [2008], lv denied 11 NY3d 923 [2009], quoting Rhode Island v Innis, 446 US 291, 301 [1980]; see People v Flowers, 59 AD3d 1141, 1143 [2009]; see generally People v Ferro, 63 NY2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "446 U.S. 291", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e6c4daef897551c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2650, "end": 2662, "quote": "59 AD3d 1141", "context": "ied 11 NY3d 923 [2009], quoting Rhode Island v Innis, 446 US 291, 301 [1980]; see People v Flowers, 59 AD3d 1141, 1143 [2009]; see generally People v Ferro, 63 NY2d 316, 321 [1984], cert denied 472 US 1007 [1985]", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 A.D.3d 1141", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_59/1141_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "865fcbcd1519781f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2707, "end": 2718, "quote": "63 NY2d 316", "context": " US 291, 301 [1980]; see People v Flowers, 59 AD3d 1141, 1143 [2009]; see generally People v Ferro, 63 NY2d 316, 321 [1984], cert denied 472 US 1007 [1985]). “When, as part of a continuous chain of events, a def", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 N.Y.2d 316", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_63/0316_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68e8d873c079babb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 2744, "end": 2755, "quote": "472 US 1007", "context": "wers, 59 AD3d 1141, 1143 [2009]; see generally People v Ferro, 63 NY2d 316, 321 [1984], cert denied 472 US 1007 [1985]). “When, as part of a continuous chain of events, a defendant is subjected to custodial inte", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "472 U.S. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f15eebecd41236d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 3062, "end": 3074, "quote": "292 AD2d 793", "context": "de after the warnings are administered and questioning resumes must be suppressed” (People v Moyer, 292 AD2d 793, 795 [2002] [internal quotation marks omitted]; see People v Paulman, 5 NY3d 122, 130-131 [2005]; P", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "292 A.D.2d 793", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_292/0793_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "744e5bf0dc3c0a99", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 3145, "end": 3155, "quote": "5 NY3d 122", "context": "(People v Moyer, 292 AD2d 793, 795 [2002] [internal quotation marks omitted]; see People v Paulman, 5 NY3d 122, 130-131 [2005]; People v Bethea, 67 NY2d 364, 367-368 [1986]; People v Chapple, 38 NY2d 112, 114-1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 N.Y.3d 122", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_5/0122_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b2299659a58dcf85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 3190, "end": 3201, "quote": "67 NY2d 364", "context": "ternal quotation marks omitted]; see People v Paulman, 5 NY3d 122, 130-131 [2005]; People v Bethea, 67 NY2d 364, 367-368 [1986]; People v Chapple, 38 NY2d 112, 114-115 [1975]). Where, however, “there is such a d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 N.Y.2d 364", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_67/0364_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c3fab888841b945d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 3237, "end": 3248, "quote": "38 NY2d 112", "context": "aulman, 5 NY3d 122, 130-131 [2005]; People v Bethea, 67 NY2d 364, 367-368 [1986]; People v Chapple, 38 NY2d 112, 114-115 [1975]). Where, however, “there is such a definite, pronounced break in the interrogation ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ba630de74171e23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 3650, "end": 3664, "quote": "38 NY2d at 115", "context": "has received Miranda warnings and waived his or her constitutional rights may be admitted (Chapple, 38 NY2d at 115; see Moyer, 292 AD2d at 795). Here, the initial questioning by the second officer, although brief, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d175ac9a04c173ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 3677, "end": 3692, "quote": "292 AD2d at 795", "context": "gs and waived his or her constitutional rights may be admitted (Chapple, 38 NY2d at 115; see Moyer, 292 AD2d at 795). Here, the initial questioning by the second officer, although brief, produced an inculpatory stat", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "292 A.D.2d 793", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_292/0793_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d106a6f56d9b01d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 3857, "end": 3868, "quote": "10 NY3d 286", "context": "brief, produced an inculpatory statement directly related to the instant crime (cf. People v White, 10 NY3d 286, 291-292 [2008], cert denied 555 US 897 [2008]; People v Smith, 275 AD2d 951, 952 [2000], lv denied", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "10 N.Y.3d 286", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_10/0286_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1614ec6952790083", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 3898, "end": 3908, "quote": "555 US 897", "context": "directly related to the instant crime (cf. People v White, 10 NY3d 286, 291-292 [2008], cert denied 555 US 897 [2008]; People v Smith, 275 AD2d 951, 952 [2000], lv denied 96 NY2d 739 [2001]), and the second int", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "555 U.S. 897", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbea2f7520d28d01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 3933, "end": 3945, "quote": "275 AD2d 951", "context": "me (cf. People v White, 10 NY3d 286, 291-292 [2008], cert denied 555 US 897 [2008]; People v Smith, 275 AD2d 951, 952 [2000], lv denied 96 NY2d 739 [2001]), and the second interrogation, which produced another in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "275 A.D.2d 951", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_275/0951_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1f4a85c51abd5a16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 3969, "end": 3980, "quote": "96 NY2d 739", "context": " 291-292 [2008], cert denied 555 US 897 [2008]; People v Smith, 275 AD2d 951, 952 [2000], lv denied 96 NY2d 739 [2001]), and the second interrogation, which produced another inculpatory statement, occurred less ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 N.Y.2d 739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7aa25bb0cd84b87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 4139, "end": 4154, "quote": "292 AD2d at 795", "context": "her inculpatory statement, occurred less than 10 minutes later and in the same location (see Moyer, 292 AD2d at 795). Moreover, contrary to the People’s contention, the record does not establish that “a reasonable s", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "292 A.D.2d 793", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_292/0793_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "367b07e7780d0182", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 4382, "end": 4395, "quote": "5 NY3d at 131", "context": "on would have perceived a marked change in the tenor of his engagement with [the] police” (Paulman, 5 NY3d at 131; see Bethea, 67 NY2d at 367-368). We thus conclude that “it cannot be said that there was ‘such a d", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "5 N.Y.3d 122", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_5/0122_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1c9c9b15b94f957", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 4409, "end": 4427, "quote": "67 NY2d at 367-368", "context": "arked change in the tenor of his engagement with [the] police” (Paulman, 5 NY3d at 131; see Bethea, 67 NY2d at 367-368). We thus conclude that “it cannot be said that there was ‘such a definite, pronounced break’ in th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "67 N.Y.2d 364", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_67/0364_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ffcc1348fb7c055", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 4671, "end": 4686, "quote": "292 AD2d at 795", "context": "to the position of one who was not under the influence of the initial improper questioning” (Moyer, 292 AD2d at 795, quoting Chapple, 38 NY2d at 115; see Evans, 294 AD2d at 919).\nPresent — Centra, J.P., Carni, Sconi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "292 A.D.2d 793", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_292/0793_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f8435a2e80e9db5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 4705, "end": 4719, "quote": "38 NY2d at 115", "context": " under the influence of the initial improper questioning” (Moyer, 292 AD2d at 795, quoting Chapple, 38 NY2d at 115; see Evans, 294 AD2d at 919).\nPresent — Centra, J.P., Carni, Sconiers, Valentino and Whalen, JJ.\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "38 N.Y.2d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_38/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cb5a4c9d514672ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_129/1590_01/index.html", "start": 4732, "end": 4747, "quote": "294 AD2d at 919", "context": " initial improper questioning” (Moyer, 292 AD2d at 795, quoting Chapple, 38 NY2d at 115; see Evans, 294 AD2d at 919).\nPresent — Centra, J.P., Carni, Sconiers, Valentino and Whalen, JJ.\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "294 A.D.2d 918", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_294/0918_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "13bdf7f56fde834e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 1711, "end": 1722, "quote": "11 NY3d 484", "context": "t trial directed at the specific deficiencies in the evidence now challenged (see People v Hawkins, 11 NY3d 484, 492 [2008]; People v Brown, 139 AD3d 1178, 1178 [2016]). Nor did his subsequent CPL 330.30 motion ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 N.Y.3d 484", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_11/0484_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "393438d255306a76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 1752, "end": 1765, "quote": "139 AD3d 1178", "context": "cies in the evidence now challenged (see People v Hawkins, 11 NY3d 484, 492 [2008]; People v Brown, 139 AD3d 1178, 1178 [2016]). Nor did his subsequent CPL 330.30 motion to set aside the verdict have the effect of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 A.D.3d 1178", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_139/1178_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6162831451fa8b31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 1909, "end": 1922, "quote": "140 AD3d 1472", "context": "30.30 motion to set aside the verdict have the effect of preserving the issue (see People v Morris, 140 AD3d 1472, 1472-1473 [2016]; People v Simmons, 111 AD3d 975, 977 [2013], lv denied 22 NY3d 1203 [2014]). Beca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 A.D.3d 1472", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_140/1472_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "baaec1e822312d4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 1960, "end": 1972, "quote": "111 AD3d 975", "context": "ct of preserving the issue (see People v Morris, 140 AD3d 1472, 1472-1473 [2016]; People v Simmons, 111 AD3d 975, 977 [2013], lv denied 22 NY3d 1203 [2014]). Because defendant also challenges the verdict as again", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 A.D.3d 975", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_111/0975_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d93f223e4b9ee6d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 1996, "end": 2008, "quote": "22 NY3d 1203", "context": "le v Morris, 140 AD3d 1472, 1472-1473 [2016]; People v Simmons, 111 AD3d 975, 977 [2013], lv denied 22 NY3d 1203 [2014]). Because defendant also challenges the verdict as against the weight of the evidence, we wi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 N.Y.3d 1203", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df499067d33545d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 2247, "end": 2257, "quote": "9 NY3d 342", "context": "e adduced as to each element of the charged offense as part of that review (see People v Danielson, 9 NY3d 342, 348-349 [2007]; People v Launder, 132 AD3d 1151, 1151 [2015], lv denied 27 NY3d 1153 [2016]; Peopl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 N.Y.3d 342", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_9/0342_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "15a8f79921f1032c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 2293, "end": 2306, "quote": "132 AD3d 1151", "context": "fense as part of that review (see People v Danielson, 9 NY3d 342, 348-349 [2007]; People v Launder, 132 AD3d 1151, 1151 [2015], lv denied 27 NY3d 1153 [2016]; People v Briggs, 129 AD3d 1201, 1202 [2015], lv denied", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 A.D.3d 1151", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_132/1151_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dbdf1ea5875fb17f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 2331, "end": 2343, "quote": "27 NY3d 1153", "context": "le v Danielson, 9 NY3d 342, 348-349 [2007]; People v Launder, 132 AD3d 1151, 1151 [2015], lv denied 27 NY3d 1153 [2016]; People v Briggs, 129 AD3d 1201, 1202 [2015], lv denied 26 NY3d 1038 [2015]).\nInsofar as is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 N.Y.3d 1153", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39f02b7a969b7ddc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 2369, "end": 2382, "quote": "129 AD3d 1201", "context": "007]; People v Launder, 132 AD3d 1151, 1151 [2015], lv denied 27 NY3d 1153 [2016]; People v Briggs, 129 AD3d 1201, 1202 [2015], lv denied 26 NY3d 1038 [2015]).\nInsofar as is relevant here, “[a] person is guilty of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 A.D.3d 1201", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_129/1201_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6573b9732fe2f9fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 2407, "end": 2419, "quote": "26 NY3d 1038", "context": " 1151 [2015], lv denied 27 NY3d 1153 [2016]; People v Briggs, 129 AD3d 1201, 1202 [2015], lv denied 26 NY3d 1038 [2015]).\nInsofar as is relevant here, “[a] person is guilty of robbery in the first degree when he ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 N.Y.3d 1038", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a19ef2f831cd2035", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 2718, "end": 2726, "quote": "§ 160.15", "context": "diate flight therefrom, he or [she] . . . [d]isplays what appears to be a . . . firearm” (Penal Law § 160.15 [4]). Defendant contends that the evidence failed to establish that, during the commission of the t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a1695456d25cec06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 3258, "end": 3266, "quote": "§ 160.00", "context": " to the taking of the property or to the retention thereof immediately after the taking” (Penal Law § 160.00 [1] [emphasis added]; accord People v Gordon, 23 NY3d 643, 649-650 [2014]). To satisfy the display ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8733921a7f01ebd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 3313, "end": 3324, "quote": "23 NY3d 643", "context": "eof immediately after the taking” (Penal Law § 160.00 [1] [emphasis added]; accord People v Gordon, 23 NY3d 643, 649-650 [2014]). To satisfy the display requirement, the object displayed need not in fact be a fi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 N.Y.3d 643", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_23/0643_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "afd2ceed88d4364c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 3451, "end": 3462, "quote": "73 NY2d 214", "context": "fy the display requirement, the object displayed need not in fact be a firearm (see People v Lopez, 73 NY2d 214, 220 [1989]; People v Baskerville, 60 NY2d 374, 380-381 [1983]). Rather, “all that is required is a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 N.Y.2d 214", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_73/0214_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e81c26e15bee622b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 3498, "end": 3509, "quote": "60 NY2d 374", "context": "d need not in fact be a firearm (see People v Lopez, 73 NY2d 214, 220 [1989]; People v Baskerville, 60 NY2d 374, 380-381 [1983]). Rather, “all that is required is a ‘show[ing] that the defendant consciously disp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 N.Y.2d 374", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_60/0374_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5a4d14ee259c3ab5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 3792, "end": 3805, "quote": "138 AD3d 1250", "context": " forcibly taking property, and that the victim actually perceived the display’ ” (People v Grayson, 138 AD3d 1250, 1252 [2016], lv denied 27 NY3d 1132 [2016], quoting People v Lopez, 73 NY2d at 220; see People v B", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "138 A.D.3d 1250", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_138/1250_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c4a00146518fc1dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 3830, "end": 3842, "quote": "27 NY3d 1132", "context": "e victim actually perceived the display’ ” (People v Grayson, 138 AD3d 1250, 1252 [2016], lv denied 27 NY3d 1132 [2016], quoting People v Lopez, 73 NY2d at 220; see People v Baskerville, 60 NY2d at 381; People v ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 N.Y.3d 1132", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8550bf4636bdf974", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 3875, "end": 3889, "quote": "73 NY2d at 220", "context": "eople v Grayson, 138 AD3d 1250, 1252 [2016], lv denied 27 NY3d 1132 [2016], quoting People v Lopez, 73 NY2d at 220; see People v Baskerville, 60 NY2d at 381; People v Colon, 116 AD3d 1234, 1236 [2014], lv denied 24", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "73 N.Y.2d 214", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_73/0214_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d65b8c95a4dc3529", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 3917, "end": 3931, "quote": "60 NY2d at 381", "context": "], lv denied 27 NY3d 1132 [2016], quoting People v Lopez, 73 NY2d at 220; see People v Baskerville, 60 NY2d at 381; People v Colon, 116 AD3d 1234, 1236 [2014], lv denied 24 NY3d 959 [2014]).\nThe victim testified th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "60 N.Y.2d 374", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_60/0374_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c9dc308e4b721d81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 3949, "end": 3962, "quote": "116 AD3d 1234", "context": ", quoting People v Lopez, 73 NY2d at 220; see People v Baskerville, 60 NY2d at 381; People v Colon, 116 AD3d 1234, 1236 [2014], lv denied 24 NY3d 959 [2014]).\nThe victim testified that, with the sneakers in hand, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 A.D.3d 1234", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_116/1234_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e8bed7d6ac5951c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 3987, "end": 3998, "quote": "24 NY3d 959", "context": "20; see People v Baskerville, 60 NY2d at 381; People v Colon, 116 AD3d 1234, 1236 [2014], lv denied 24 NY3d 959 [2014]).\nThe victim testified that, with the sneakers in hand, defendant stated, “you’re not gettin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 N.Y.3d 959", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cd4c11c73977a046", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 4594, "end": 4608, "quote": "73 NY2d at 222", "context": "hich, under the circumstances, the victim could reasonably conclude was a firearm” (People v Lopez, 73 NY2d at 222; see People v Toye, 107 AD3d 1149, 1151 [2013], lv denied 22 NY3d 1091 [2014]; People v Boland, 89 ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "73 N.Y.2d 214", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_73/0214_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c51ee76ff64e7164", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 4629, "end": 4642, "quote": "107 AD3d 1149", "context": "victim could reasonably conclude was a firearm” (People v Lopez, 73 NY2d at 222; see People v Toye, 107 AD3d 1149, 1151 [2013], lv denied 22 NY3d 1091 [2014]; People v Boland, 89 AD3d 1144, 1146 [2011], lv denied ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 A.D.3d 1149", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_107/1149_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d5b53918c02c433b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 4667, "end": 4679, "quote": "22 NY3d 1091", "context": " firearm” (People v Lopez, 73 NY2d at 222; see People v Toye, 107 AD3d 1149, 1151 [2013], lv denied 22 NY3d 1091 [2014]; People v Boland, 89 AD3d 1144, 1146 [2011], lv denied 18 NY3d 955 [2012]). Furthermore, upo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 N.Y.3d 1091", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47be29415fd60411", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 4705, "end": 4717, "quote": "89 AD3d 1144", "context": "222; see People v Toye, 107 AD3d 1149, 1151 [2013], lv denied 22 NY3d 1091 [2014]; People v Boland, 89 AD3d 1144, 1146 [2011], lv denied 18 NY3d 955 [2012]). Furthermore, upon considering defendant’s conduct and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 A.D.3d 1144", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_89/1144_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6bf026017ed8638", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 4742, "end": 4753, "quote": "18 NY3d 955", "context": ", 1151 [2013], lv denied 22 NY3d 1091 [2014]; People v Boland, 89 AD3d 1144, 1146 [2011], lv denied 18 NY3d 955 [2012]). Furthermore, upon considering defendant’s conduct and the surrounding circumstances (see P", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 N.Y.3d 955", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2243b1a16833d93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 4869, "end": 4887, "quote": "23 NY3d at 650-651", "context": "rmore, upon considering defendant’s conduct and the surrounding circumstances (see People v Gordon, 23 NY3d at 650-651), the jury could reasonably infer that his actions were intended to ensure his retention of the sne", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "23 N.Y.3d 643", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_23/0643_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06e85ad2fbc8b812", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 5041, "end": 5051, "quote": "id. at 652", "context": "re intended to ensure his retention of the sneakers rather than solely to effectuate an escape (see id. at 652; People v Parker, 127 AD3d 1425, 1428 [2015]; People v Gordon, 119 AD3d 1284, 1286 [2014], lv denie", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "23 N.Y.3d 643", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_23/0643_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e19da5d29d932101", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 5070, "end": 5083, "quote": "127 AD3d 1425", "context": "ention of the sneakers rather than solely to effectuate an escape (see id. at 652; People v Parker, 127 AD3d 1425, 1428 [2015]; People v Gordon, 119 AD3d 1284, 1286 [2014], lv denied 24 NY3d 1002 [2014]).\nThe vict", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 A.D.3d 1425", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_127/1425_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "32e99bda36b68a7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 5115, "end": 5128, "quote": "119 AD3d 1284", "context": "effectuate an escape (see id. at 652; People v Parker, 127 AD3d 1425, 1428 [2015]; People v Gordon, 119 AD3d 1284, 1286 [2014], lv denied 24 NY3d 1002 [2014]).\nThe victim’s friend, who remained in the passenger se", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 A.D.3d 1284", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_119/1284_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0cbb92579a8bf767", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 5153, "end": 5165, "quote": "24 NY3d 1002", "context": "People v Parker, 127 AD3d 1425, 1428 [2015]; People v Gordon, 119 AD3d 1284, 1286 [2014], lv denied 24 NY3d 1002 [2014]).\nThe victim’s friend, who remained in the passenger seat of the car throughout the incident", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 N.Y.3d 1002", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "38db5a45ac7d3580", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6189, "end": 6210, "quote": "116 AD3d at 1237-1238", "context": ", we cannot say that the conviction was contrary to the weight of the evidence (see People v Colon, 116 AD3d at 1237-1238; People v Toye, 107 AD3d at 1150-1151; People v Boland, 89 AD3d at 1146; People v Thomas, 12 AD3d 9", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "116 A.D.3d 1234", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_116/1234_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "94cde392cb3c20d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6227, "end": 6248, "quote": "107 AD3d at 1150-1151", "context": "s contrary to the weight of the evidence (see People v Colon, 116 AD3d at 1237-1238; People v Toye, 107 AD3d at 1150-1151; People v Boland, 89 AD3d at 1146; People v Thomas, 12 AD3d 935, 936-937 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 7", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "107 A.D.3d 1149", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_107/1149_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "97e019930a2d04d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6267, "end": 6282, "quote": "89 AD3d at 1146", "context": " (see People v Colon, 116 AD3d at 1237-1238; People v Toye, 107 AD3d at 1150-1151; People v Boland, 89 AD3d at 1146; People v Thomas, 12 AD3d 935, 936-937 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 749 [2004]).\nWith regard to defenda", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "89 A.D.3d 1144", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_89/1144_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "523f67a3f17a1151", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6301, "end": 6312, "quote": "12 AD3d 935", "context": "1237-1238; People v Toye, 107 AD3d at 1150-1151; People v Boland, 89 AD3d at 1146; People v Thomas, 12 AD3d 935, 936-937 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 749 [2004]).\nWith regard to defendant’s decision not to testify, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 A.D.3d 935", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_12/0935_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8090199f7d46aa9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6340, "end": 6350, "quote": "4 NY3d 749", "context": "150-1151; People v Boland, 89 AD3d at 1146; People v Thomas, 12 AD3d 935, 936-937 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 749 [2004]).\nWith regard to defendant’s decision not to testify, it is settled that “[a] trial court do", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 N.Y.3d 749", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d728bf82bec826e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6624, "end": 6634, "quote": "2 AD3d 745", "context": "s failure to testify was a voluntary and intelligent waiver of his [or her] right” (People v Dolan, 2 AD3d 745, 746 [2003], lv denied 2 NY3d 798 [2004]; accord People v Robles, 115 AD3d 30, 34 [2014], lv denied", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 A.D.3d 745", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_2/0745_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "541f21260324e5a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6658, "end": 6668, "quote": "2 NY3d 798", "context": "ry and intelligent waiver of his [or her] right” (People v Dolan, 2 AD3d 745, 746 [2003], lv denied 2 NY3d 798 [2004]; accord People v Robles, 115 AD3d 30, 34 [2014], lv denied 22 NY3d 1202 [2014]; see People v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 N.Y.3d 798", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3edfcaabaf502542", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6701, "end": 6712, "quote": "115 AD3d 30", "context": "ight” (People v Dolan, 2 AD3d 745, 746 [2003], lv denied 2 NY3d 798 [2004]; accord People v Robles, 115 AD3d 30, 34 [2014], lv denied 22 NY3d 1202 [2014]; see People v Fratta, 83 NY2d 771, 772 [1994]; People v C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 A.D.3d 30", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_115/0030_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7ba7dbf56791c4dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6735, "end": 6747, "quote": "22 NY3d 1202", "context": " 746 [2003], lv denied 2 NY3d 798 [2004]; accord People v Robles, 115 AD3d 30, 34 [2014], lv denied 22 NY3d 1202 [2014]; see People v Fratta, 83 NY2d 771, 772 [1994]; People v Cosby, 82 AD3d 63, 66 [2011], lv den", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 N.Y.3d 1202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca6cab299b71a4b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6777, "end": 6788, "quote": "83 NY2d 771", "context": "accord People v Robles, 115 AD3d 30, 34 [2014], lv denied 22 NY3d 1202 [2014]; see People v Fratta, 83 NY2d 771, 772 [1994]; People v Cosby, 82 AD3d 63, 66 [2011], lv denied 16 NY3d 857 [2011]). Nevertheless, wh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 N.Y.2d 771", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_83/0771_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ea8246c3ee340a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6818, "end": 6828, "quote": "82 AD3d 63", "context": "2014], lv denied 22 NY3d 1202 [2014]; see People v Fratta, 83 NY2d 771, 772 [1994]; People v Cosby, 82 AD3d 63, 66 [2011], lv denied 16 NY3d 857 [2011]). Nevertheless, when the defense rested, Supreme Court con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 A.D.3d 63", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_82/0063_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6c2fa8fc7ba6737b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 6851, "end": 6862, "quote": "16 NY3d 857", "context": "14]; see People v Fratta, 83 NY2d 771, 772 [1994]; People v Cosby, 82 AD3d 63, 66 [2011], lv denied 16 NY3d 857 [2011]). Nevertheless, when the defense rested, Supreme Court conducted an inquiry into whether thi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 N.Y.3d 857", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6447064a8e9f55f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 7423, "end": 7440, "quote": "115 AD3d at 35-36", "context": "efendant knowingly, voluntarily and intelligently waived his right to testify (see People v Robles, 115 AD3d at 35-36; People v Mauricio, 8 AD3d 1089, 1090 [2004], lv denied 3 NY3d 678 [2004]).\nAt trial, defendant wit", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "115 A.D.3d 30", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_115/0030_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f133727a07f32326", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 7461, "end": 7472, "quote": "8 AD3d 1089", "context": "telligently waived his right to testify (see People v Robles, 115 AD3d at 35-36; People v Mauricio, 8 AD3d 1089, 1090 [2004], lv denied 3 NY3d 678 [2004]).\nAt trial, defendant withdrew his request that the jury ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 A.D.3d 1089", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_8/1089_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "87d45312404c847d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 7497, "end": 7507, "quote": "3 NY3d 678", "context": "ify (see People v Robles, 115 AD3d at 35-36; People v Mauricio, 8 AD3d 1089, 1090 [2004], lv denied 3 NY3d 678 [2004]).\nAt trial, defendant withdrew his request that the jury be charged with robbery in the thir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 N.Y.3d 678", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "289b9464f406a34f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 7799, "end": 7809, "quote": "9 AD3d 790", "context": "“failure to submit such offense does not constitute error” (CPL 300.50 [2]; see People v Carralero, 9 AD3d 790, 791 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 742 [2004]; People v Douglas, 194 AD2d 408, 409 [1993], lv denied 82 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 A.D.3d 790", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_9/0790_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b207b88129de1807", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 7833, "end": 7843, "quote": "4 NY3d 742", "context": "es not constitute error” (CPL 300.50 [2]; see People v Carralero, 9 AD3d 790, 791 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 742 [2004]; People v Douglas, 194 AD2d 408, 409 [1993], lv denied 82 NY2d 717 [1993]). In any event, “t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 N.Y.3d 742", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "71d52b2aa85dc0d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 7870, "end": 7882, "quote": "194 AD2d 408", "context": "[2]; see People v Carralero, 9 AD3d 790, 791 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 742 [2004]; People v Douglas, 194 AD2d 408, 409 [1993], lv denied 82 NY2d 717 [1993]). In any event, “there was no reasonable view of the evid", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "194 A.D.2d 408", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_194/0408_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "724cf6137623e51f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 7906, "end": 7917, "quote": "82 NY2d 717", "context": "790, 791 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 742 [2004]; People v Douglas, 194 AD2d 408, 409 [1993], lv denied 82 NY2d 717 [1993]). In any event, “there was no reasonable view of the evidence that defendant used any type o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 N.Y.2d 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ac496b867dea067", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 8099, "end": 8111, "quote": "119 AD3d 406", "context": "nt used any type of force other than the display of what appeared to be a firearm” (People v Young, 119 AD3d 406, 406 [2014] [internal quotation marks and citation omitted], lv denied 24 NY3d 1048 [2014]; see Pen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 A.D.3d 406", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_119/0406_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cd52d9c121597514", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 8183, "end": 8195, "quote": "24 NY3d 1048", "context": "People v Young, 119 AD3d 406, 406 [2014] [internal quotation marks and citation omitted], lv denied 24 NY3d 1048 [2014]; see Penal Law §§ 160.05, 160.15 [4]; see generally CPL 300.50 [1]; People v Rivera, 23 NY3d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 N.Y.3d 1048", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_24/1048_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "778dffbff0008f1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 8218, "end": 8227, "quote": "§§ 160.05", "context": "2014] [internal quotation marks and citation omitted], lv denied 24 NY3d 1048 [2014]; see Penal Law §§ 160.05, 160.15 [4]; see generally CPL 300.50 [1]; People v Rivera, 23 NY3d 112, 120 [2014]).\nFinally, we a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "af0223196558ee92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 8288, "end": 8299, "quote": "23 NY3d 112", "context": "3d 1048 [2014]; see Penal Law §§ 160.05, 160.15 [4]; see generally CPL 300.50 [1]; People v Rivera, 23 NY3d 112, 120 [2014]).\nFinally, we address defendant’s challenge to the severity of the nine-year prison sen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 N.Y.3d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_23/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "53abe8ca666c0683", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 8899, "end": 8910, "quote": "21 NY3d 497", "context": "me, unless the crime is one of several serious felonies excluded by the statute” (People v Rudolph, 21 NY3d 497, 500 [2013]). CPL 720.10 (2) provides that youths convicted of an armed felony—as is the case here—", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 N.Y.3d 497", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_21/0497_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c911f8f8cbf0182d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 9160, "end": 9168, "quote": "§§ 70.02", "context": "bdivision three” (CPL 720.10 [2] [a] [ii], [iii] [emphasis added]; see CPL 1.20 [41] [b]; Penal Law §§ 70.02, 160.15 [4]). Subdivision (3) of CPL 720.10, in turn, provides:\n“Notwithstanding the provisions of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "759a68d33a5bac7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 11286, "end": 11297, "quote": "25 NY3d 516", "context": "idering the presence or absence of the factors set forth in CPL 720.10 (3)” (People v Middlebrooks, 25 NY3d 516, 527 [2015]; see CPL 720.10 [1]; People v Daniels, 139 AD3d 1256, 1257-1258 [2016]; People v Stewar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 N.Y.3d 516", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_25/0516_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3db00e1fe30a0c0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 11349, "end": 11362, "quote": "139 AD3d 1256", "context": " 720.10 (3)” (People v Middlebrooks, 25 NY3d 516, 527 [2015]; see CPL 720.10 [1]; People v Daniels, 139 AD3d 1256, 1257-1258 [2016]; People v Stewart, 129 AD3d 1700, 1701 [2015]; People v Fields, 133 AD3d 529, 530", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 A.D.3d 1256", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_139/1256_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "46b15a7227be398f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 11400, "end": 11413, "quote": "129 AD3d 1700", "context": "27 [2015]; see CPL 720.10 [1]; People v Daniels, 139 AD3d 1256, 1257-1258 [2016]; People v Stewart, 129 AD3d 1700, 1701 [2015]; People v Fields, 133 AD3d 529, 530 [2015], lv denied 26 NY3d 1145 [2016]).\nIndeed, “[", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 A.D.3d 1700", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_129/1700_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5591c0a792c982e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 11445, "end": 11457, "quote": "133 AD3d 529", "context": "ls, 139 AD3d 1256, 1257-1258 [2016]; People v Stewart, 129 AD3d 1700, 1701 [2015]; People v Fields, 133 AD3d 529, 530 [2015], lv denied 26 NY3d 1145 [2016]).\nIndeed, “[t]he court must make such a determination on", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "133 A.D.3d 529", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_133/0529_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e80323269f1da0ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 11481, "end": 11493, "quote": "26 NY3d 1145", "context": " People v Stewart, 129 AD3d 1700, 1701 [2015]; People v Fields, 133 AD3d 529, 530 [2015], lv denied 26 NY3d 1145 [2016]).\nIndeed, “[t]he court must make such a determination on the record even where . . . defenda", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 N.Y.3d 1145", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d660bc8aa374cdd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 11676, "end": 11690, "quote": "25 NY3d at 527", "context": "ere . . . defendant has failed to ask to be treated as a youthful offender” (People v Middlebrooks, 25 NY3d at 527 [internal quotation marks omitted]; see People v Daniels, 139 AD3d at 1258).\nThe grievous error of ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "25 N.Y.3d 516", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_25/0516_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7ce9419d0f217ebe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 11749, "end": 11765, "quote": "139 AD3d at 1258", "context": "r” (People v Middlebrooks, 25 NY3d at 527 [internal quotation marks omitted]; see People v Daniels, 139 AD3d at 1258).\nThe grievous error of the Probation Department, the People and defense counsel, while not specifi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "139 A.D.3d 1256", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_139/1256_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb36b3373ec91671", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 12149, "end": 12160, "quote": "80 NY2d 780", "context": "if warranted, exercise our power to adjudicate defendant a youthful offender (see People v Delgado, 80 NY2d 780, 783 [1992]; People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d 1400, 1402 [2016]; People v Jeffrey VV., 88 AD3d 1159, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 N.Y.2d 780", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_80/0780_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "95a0f7e7f430a469", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 12196, "end": 12209, "quote": "136 AD3d 1400", "context": "defendant a youthful offender (see People v Delgado, 80 NY2d 780, 783 [1992]; People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d 1400, 1402 [2016]; People v Jeffrey VV., 88 AD3d 1159, 1160 [2011]; People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d 325, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 A.D.3d 1400", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_136/1400_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8897c402d7e042d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 12246, "end": 12258, "quote": "88 AD3d 1159", "context": "o, 80 NY2d 780, 783 [1992]; People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d 1400, 1402 [2016]; People v Jeffrey VV., 88 AD3d 1159, 1160 [2011]; People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d 325, 334-335 [1985], affd sub nom. People v Dawn Maria", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 A.D.3d 1159", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/1159_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "190d204512fc4bf6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 12295, "end": 12307, "quote": "105 AD2d 325", "context": " 136 AD3d 1400, 1402 [2016]; People v Jeffrey VV., 88 AD3d 1159, 1160 [2011]; People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d 325, 334-335 [1985], affd sub nom. People v Dawn Maria C., 67 NY2d 625 [1986]). Thus, we consider first", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 A.D.2d 325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_105/0325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "818c70548f588100", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 12363, "end": 12374, "quote": "67 NY2d 625", "context": "0 [2011]; People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d 325, 334-335 [1985], affd sub nom. People v Dawn Maria C., 67 NY2d 625 [1986]). Thus, we consider first whether defendant is an “eligible youth” for purposes of youthful ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 N.Y.2d 625", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_67/0625_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06993abf2c96116b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 12855, "end": 12866, "quote": "84 NY2d 336", "context": "ted of a serious crime, no physical harm or injury resulted from the incident (cf. People v Garcia, 84 NY2d 336, 342 [1994] [holding that, under Penal Law § 70.25 (2-b), the lack of injury to others constitutes ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 N.Y.2d 336", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_84/0336_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a9e6476c024bdc2e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 12910, "end": 12917, "quote": "§ 70.25", "context": "lted from the incident (cf. People v Garcia, 84 NY2d 336, 342 [1994] [holding that, under Penal Law § 70.25 (2-b), the lack of injury to others constitutes a “mitigating circumstanceO that bear(s) directly u", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b800072174df49c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 13084, "end": 13096, "quote": "221 AD2d 202", "context": "umstanceO that bear(s) directly upon the manner in which the crime was committed”]; People v Reyes, 221 AD2d 202, 202 [1995] [same]; People v Santiago, 181 AD2d 460, 461 [1992], affd 80 NY2d 916 [1992] [same]). F", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "221 A.D.2d 202", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_221/0202_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4097ff1b235fdfbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 13136, "end": 13148, "quote": "181 AD2d 460", "context": "hich the crime was committed”]; People v Reyes, 221 AD2d 202, 202 [1995] [same]; People v Santiago, 181 AD2d 460, 461 [1992], affd 80 NY2d 916 [1992] [same]). Further, defendant did not brandish or even touch wha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "181 A.D.2d 460", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_181/0460_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "39855fb0783a2a01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 13167, "end": 13178, "quote": "80 NY2d 916", "context": " People v Reyes, 221 AD2d 202, 202 [1995] [same]; People v Santiago, 181 AD2d 460, 461 [1992], affd 80 NY2d 916 [1992] [same]). Further, defendant did not brandish or even touch what the victim perceived to be a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 N.Y.2d 916", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "479f74354887b67e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 13530, "end": 13543, "quote": "140 AD3d 1654", "context": "y threatening statements or direct gestures towards the victim or others (compare People v Stewart, 140 AD3d 1654, 1654-1655 [2016], lv denied 28 NY3d 937 [2016] [finding no mitigating circumstances where the defe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 A.D.3d 1654", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_140/1654_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de4f2bbba1134967", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 13573, "end": 13584, "quote": "28 NY3d 937", "context": " towards the victim or others (compare People v Stewart, 140 AD3d 1654, 1654-1655 [2016], lv denied 28 NY3d 937 [2016] [finding no mitigating circumstances where the defendant pointed what appeared to be a sawed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 N.Y.3d 937", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_28/0937_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7dd8abbf77ec275c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 13758, "end": 13770, "quote": "76 AD3d 1031", "context": "hat appeared to be a sawed-off shotgun at the victim’s head while demanding money]; People v Henry, 76 AD3d 1031, 1031 [2010]; see also People v Flores, 134 AD3d 425, 426 [2015]). Under the unique facts and circu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 A.D.3d 1031", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4de42d93e02f256", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 13811, "end": 13823, "quote": "134 AD3d 425", "context": "s head while demanding money]; People v Henry, 76 AD3d 1031, 1031 [2010]; see also People v Flores, 134 AD3d 425, 426 [2015]). Under the unique facts and circumstances of this case, we find the presence of suffic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 A.D.3d 425", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_134/0425_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3d065efaa3b58a70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 14363, "end": 14377, "quote": "25 NY3d at 527", "context": "le youth, should be granted youthful offender treatment (see CPL 720.20 [1]; People v Middlebrooks, 25 NY3d at 527). Factors to be considered in determining whether to afford such treatment to defendant include:\n“t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "25 N.Y.3d 516", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_25/0516_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b45351408e647a5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 14897, "end": 14912, "quote": "105 AD2d at 334", "context": "nd the prospects for rehabilitation and hope for a future constructive life” (People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d at 334; accord People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d at 1402; People v Peterson, 127 AD3d 1333, 1334 [2015], lv d", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "105 A.D.2d 325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_105/0325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a3d9a050da5b291e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 14943, "end": 14959, "quote": "136 AD3d at 1402", "context": "or a future constructive life” (People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d at 334; accord People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d at 1402; People v Peterson, 127 AD3d 1333, 1334 [2015], lv denied 25 NY3d 1206 [2015]).\nIn undertaking this", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "136 A.D.3d 1400", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_136/1400_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f3904cbb52c41b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 14980, "end": 14993, "quote": "127 AD3d 1333", "context": "e v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d at 334; accord People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d at 1402; People v Peterson, 127 AD3d 1333, 1334 [2015], lv denied 25 NY3d 1206 [2015]).\nIn undertaking this endeavor, we are mindful that “[t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 A.D.3d 1333", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_127/1333_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f8a795535ce89411", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 15018, "end": 15030, "quote": "25 NY3d 1206", "context": "rd People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d at 1402; People v Peterson, 127 AD3d 1333, 1334 [2015], lv denied 25 NY3d 1206 [2015]).\nIn undertaking this endeavor, we are mindful that “[t]he purpose of according youthful off", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 N.Y.3d 1206", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61dd6fbdb94be880", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 15379, "end": 15394, "quote": "105 AD2d at 333", "context": "lthough crimes, may not have been the serious deeds of hardened criminals’ ” (People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d at 333, quoting People v Drayton, 39 NY2d 580, 584 [1976]; accord People v Jeffrey VV., 88 AD3d at 1160).\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "105 A.D.2d 325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_105/0325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "13f1834320904b4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 15422, "end": 15433, "quote": "39 NY2d 580", "context": "us deeds of hardened criminals’ ” (People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d at 333, quoting People v Drayton, 39 NY2d 580, 584 [1976]; accord People v Jeffrey VV., 88 AD3d at 1160).\nDefendant was just 16 years old at the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 N.Y.2d 580", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_39/0580_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1b9161b69e06ee46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 15476, "end": 15491, "quote": "88 AD3d at 1160", "context": "k, 105 AD2d at 333, quoting People v Drayton, 39 NY2d 580, 584 [1976]; accord People v Jeffrey VV., 88 AD3d at 1160).\nDefendant was just 16 years old at the time of the present offense and, although he had served a ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "88 A.D.3d 1159", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/1159_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "49c9d35919a75229", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 15703, "end": 15719, "quote": "136 AD3d at 1402", "context": "venile probation, he had no prior criminal record or history of violence (see People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d at 1402; People v Amir W., 107 AD3d 1639, 1641 [2013]; People v William S., 26 AD3d 867, 868 [2006]). We re", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "136 A.D.3d 1400", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_136/1400_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "08c6c1c32c9617b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 15739, "end": 15752, "quote": "107 AD3d 1639", "context": "iminal record or history of violence (see People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d at 1402; People v Amir W., 107 AD3d 1639, 1641 [2013]; People v William S., 26 AD3d 867, 868 [2006]). We reiterate that the crime, although ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 A.D.3d 1639", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_107/1639_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2301e00abdb4b3bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 15788, "end": 15799, "quote": "26 AD3d 867", "context": "v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d at 1402; People v Amir W., 107 AD3d 1639, 1641 [2013]; People v William S., 26 AD3d 867, 868 [2006]). We reiterate that the crime, although serious, did not cause physical injury to anyon", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 A.D.3d 867", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_26/0867_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce338b2472fc8717", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 16282, "end": 16298, "quote": "107 AD3d at 1641", "context": "but denying that he had possessed or displayed anything that resembled a gun (see People v Amir W., 107 AD3d at 1641; People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d at 334). Mindful of the Probation Department’s recommendation that ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "107 A.D.3d 1639", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_107/1639_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2481ee471650f6b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 16322, "end": 16337, "quote": "105 AD2d at 334", "context": "played anything that resembled a gun (see People v Amir W., 107 AD3d at 1641; People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d at 334). Mindful of the Probation Department’s recommendation that defendant be held accountable for his a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "105 A.D.2d 325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_105/0325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "db4de76000f547f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 16636, "end": 16652, "quote": "136 AD3d at 1402", "context": " the judgment of conviction and adjudicate defendant a youthful offender (see People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d at 1402; People v Amir W., 107 AD3d at 1641; People v Jeffrey W, 88 AD3d at 1160; People v Andrea FR, 174 A", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "136 A.D.3d 1400", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_136/1400_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "617bea967e198ef9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 16672, "end": 16688, "quote": "107 AD3d at 1641", "context": "dicate defendant a youthful offender (see People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d at 1402; People v Amir W., 107 AD3d at 1641; People v Jeffrey W, 88 AD3d at 1160; People v Andrea FR, 174 AD2d 865, 867 [1991]; People v Cruick", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "107 A.D.3d 1639", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_107/1639_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c56954bad08aa458", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 16710, "end": 16725, "quote": "88 AD3d at 1160", "context": "see People v Thomas R.O., 136 AD3d at 1402; People v Amir W., 107 AD3d at 1641; People v Jeffrey W, 88 AD3d at 1160; People v Andrea FR, 174 AD2d 865, 867 [1991]; People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d at 335; see generally", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "88 A.D.3d 1159", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/1159_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ef5c66755d39af0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 16747, "end": 16759, "quote": "174 AD2d 865", "context": " 1402; People v Amir W., 107 AD3d at 1641; People v Jeffrey W, 88 AD3d at 1160; People v Andrea FR, 174 AD2d 865, 867 [1991]; People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d at 335; see generally CPL 720.20 [3]).\nLastly, we are t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "174 A.D.2d 865", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_174/0865_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7d578527790307cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 16795, "end": 16810, "quote": "105 AD2d at 335", "context": "e v Jeffrey W, 88 AD3d at 1160; People v Andrea FR, 174 AD2d 865, 867 [1991]; People v Cruickshank, 105 AD2d at 335; see generally CPL 720.20 [3]).\nLastly, we are tasked with determining the appropriate sentence to ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "105 A.D.2d 325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_105/0325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7a3fe8ee5ace11de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 16932, "end": 16939, "quote": "§ 60.02", "context": "0.20 [3]).\nLastly, we are tasked with determining the appropriate sentence to be imposed. Penal Law § 60.02 (2) provides that, where a youthful offender finding has been substituted for a conviction for a fe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04d445d8025e8864", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_145/0061_01/index.html", "start": 17384, "end": 17391, "quote": "§ 70.00", "context": "eterminate sentence with a minimum term of one year and a maximum term of four years (see Penal Law § 70.00 [2] [e]; [3] [b]). In view of all of the considerations set forth in our youthful offender analysis", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "808ccabf11fb2ab7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 397, "end": 408, "quote": "60 NY2d 620", "context": "affirmed.\nViewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution (see People v Contes, 60 NY2d 620 [1983]), we find that it was legally sufficient to establish the defendant’s guilt of assault in th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 N.Y.2d 620", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_60/0620_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f968f22c2eb2b234", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 572, "end": 584, "quote": "134 AD3d 525", "context": "e defendant’s guilt of assault in the first degree beyond a reasonable doubt (see People v Daniels, 134 AD3d 525 [2015]; People v Guillen, 65 AD3d 977 [2009]; People v Thompson, 224 AD2d 646 [1996]).\nSince the de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 A.D.3d 525", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_134/0525_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1c13e72aea9ed37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 611, "end": 622, "quote": "65 AD3d 977", "context": "irst degree beyond a reasonable doubt (see People v Daniels, 134 AD3d 525 [2015]; People v Guillen, 65 AD3d 977 [2009]; People v Thompson, 224 AD2d 646 [1996]).\nSince the defendant opposed the People’s request t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 A.D.3d 977", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_65/0977_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f86dc9af2561416", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 650, "end": 662, "quote": "224 AD2d 646", "context": "see People v Daniels, 134 AD3d 525 [2015]; People v Guillen, 65 AD3d 977 [2009]; People v Thompson, 224 AD2d 646 [1996]).\nSince the defendant opposed the People’s request to charge the jury with assault in the se", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "224 A.D.2d 646", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_224/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "28bbb021b64f6308", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 785, "end": 793, "quote": "§ 120.05", "context": "endant opposed the People’s request to charge the jury with assault in the second degree (Penal Law § 120.05 [2]) as a lesser-included offense of assault in the first degree (Penal Law § 120.10 [1]), the defe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca78d95126377649", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 870, "end": 878, "quote": "§ 120.10", "context": "ree (Penal Law § 120.05 [2]) as a lesser-included offense of assault in the first degree (Penal Law § 120.10 [1]), the defendant waived his present contention that the Supreme Court erred in failing to submit", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d940984f1b9056d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 1026, "end": 1037, "quote": "78 AD3d 865", "context": "on that the Supreme Court erred in failing to submit that charge to the jury (see People v Terrell, 78 AD3d 865, 866 [2010]).\nContrary to the defendant’s contention, the testimony of a police officer regarding a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 A.D.3d 865", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_78/0865_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe0de5325865655b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 1346, "end": 1355, "quote": "541 US 36", "context": "e Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution (see US Const 6th Amend; Crawford v Washington, 541 US 36 [2004]). The testimony at issue “was properly admitted for the relevant nonhearsay purpose of estab", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "541 U.S. 36", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_541/0036_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9afa4d5de1eca4c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 1600, "end": 1612, "quote": "128 AD3d 987", "context": "tions, and to complete the narrative of events leading to the defendant’s arrest” (People v Prince, 128 AD3d 987, 987 [2015] [internal quotations marks omitted]; see People v Speaks, 124 AD3d 689, 691 [2015], aff", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "128 A.D.3d 987", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_128/0987_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "22adde5634abcac6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 1683, "end": 1695, "quote": "124 AD3d 689", "context": "People v Prince, 128 AD3d 987, 987 [2015] [internal quotations marks omitted]; see People v Speaks, 124 AD3d 689, 691 [2015], affd 28 NY3d 990 [2016]; People v Grant, 122 AD3d 643, 644 [2014]; People v Ragsdale, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 A.D.3d 689", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_124/0689_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c3c7ec11d33c26e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 1714, "end": 1725, "quote": "28 NY3d 990", "context": "987 [2015] [internal quotations marks omitted]; see People v Speaks, 124 AD3d 689, 691 [2015], affd 28 NY3d 990 [2016]; People v Grant, 122 AD3d 643, 644 [2014]; People v Ragsdale, 68 AD3d 897, 897-898 [2009]). ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 N.Y.3d 990", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_28/0990_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bd0760aaa0fabdab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 1750, "end": 1762, "quote": "122 AD3d 643", "context": "s omitted]; see People v Speaks, 124 AD3d 689, 691 [2015], affd 28 NY3d 990 [2016]; People v Grant, 122 AD3d 643, 644 [2014]; People v Ragsdale, 68 AD3d 897, 897-898 [2009]). Further, the Supreme Court specifical", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 A.D.3d 643", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_122/0643_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f202e49097b580e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 1795, "end": 1806, "quote": "68 AD3d 897", "context": ", 691 [2015], affd 28 NY3d 990 [2016]; People v Grant, 122 AD3d 643, 644 [2014]; People v Ragsdale, 68 AD3d 897, 897-898 [2009]). Further, the Supreme Court specifically instructed the jury on the limited purpos", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 A.D.3d 897", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0897_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e3566671a176af15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 2002, "end": 2017, "quote": "128 AD3d at 987", "context": "rpose of this testimony and that the testimony was not admitted for its truth (see People v Prince, 128 AD3d at 987; People v Johnson, 40 AD3d 1011, 1012 [2007]).\nThe defendant’s contention that he was deprived of a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "128 A.D.3d 987", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_128/0987_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8da801000485f36b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 2037, "end": 2049, "quote": "40 AD3d 1011", "context": "e testimony was not admitted for its truth (see People v Prince, 128 AD3d at 987; People v Johnson, 40 AD3d 1011, 1012 [2007]).\nThe defendant’s contention that he was deprived of a fair trial by statements made b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 A.D.3d 1011", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_40/1011_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d6889ec6a8aed1f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 2349, "end": 2361, "quote": "136 AD3d 838", "context": "ecause defense counsel did not object to the challenged remarks (see CPL 470.05 [2]; People v Bell, 136 AD3d 838, 839 [2016]). In any event, the defendant’s contention is without merit, as the challenged remarks ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 A.D.3d 838", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_136/0838_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0fac26784e6fbc17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 2642, "end": 2653, "quote": "54 NY2d 396", "context": "erefrom, or fair response to arguments made by defense counsel in summation (see People v Galloway, 54 NY2d 396, 399 [1981]; People v. Coleman, 148 AD3d 717, 718 [2017]).\nMastro, J.P., Dillon, Cohen and Brathwai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 N.Y.2d 396", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_54/0396_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a962cf737bb60273", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_153/0936_01/index.html", "start": 2686, "end": 2698, "quote": "148 AD3d 717", "context": "by defense counsel in summation (see People v Galloway, 54 NY2d 396, 399 [1981]; People v. Coleman, 148 AD3d 717, 718 [2017]).\nMastro, J.P., Dillon, Cohen and Brathwaite Nelson, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "148 A.D.3d 717", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_148/0717_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e5c833a224df98cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_23/0778_01/index.html", "start": 1982, "end": 1994, "quote": "146 AD2d 268", "context": "es to the ostensive causes of action premised upon breach of confidentiality (see Tighe v Ginsberg, 146 AD2d 268, 271-272 [1989]) and negligence (see CPLR 214 [5]). To the extent that medical malpractice is a the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "146 A.D.2d 268", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_146/0268_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5022c393a928e41d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_23/0778_01/index.html", "start": 2766, "end": 2778, "quote": "13 AD3d 1024", "context": "s treatment doctrine to any purported malpractice (see Waring v Kingston Diagnostic Radiology Ctr., 13 AD3d 1024, 1025 [2004]). Even affording the pro se plaintiffs pleadings “the benefit of every favorable infer", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 A.D.3d 1024", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_13/1024_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "648b01961c06b7c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_23/0778_01/index.html", "start": 2903, "end": 2915, "quote": "227 AD2d 809", "context": "rding the pro se plaintiffs pleadings “the benefit of every favorable inference” (Malphrus v Carrk, 227 AD2d 809, 809 [1996]), the allegations cannot now be properly construed as supporting viable claims for brea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "227 A.D.2d 809", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_227/0809_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ac30f0a4d560dd2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_34/0489_01/index.html", "start": 804, "end": 811, "quote": "§ 41.34", "context": "dation and Developmental Disabilities, is supported by substantial evidence (see Mental Hygiene Law § 41.34 [c] [5]; Matter of Village of Wappingers Falls v Maul, 306 AD2d 416 [2003]; Matter of Silberman v N", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69817600dc62508c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_34/0489_01/index.html", "start": 867, "end": 879, "quote": "306 AD2d 416", "context": "ial evidence (see Mental Hygiene Law § 41.34 [c] [5]; Matter of Village of Wappingers Falls v Maul, 306 AD2d 416 [2003]; Matter of Silberman v New York State Off. of Mental Retardation & Dev. Disabilities, 302 AD", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "306 A.D.2d 416", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_306/0416_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c9b3edcfade658a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_34/0489_01/index.html", "start": 973, "end": 985, "quote": "302 AD2d 599", "context": "2d 416 [2003]; Matter of Silberman v New York State Off. of Mental Retardation & Dev. Disabilities, 302 AD2d 599 [2003]). The petitioner failed to meet its burden of adducing clear and convincing evidence that th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "302 A.D.2d 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_302/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1a20be71f47a2bb6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_34/0489_01/index.html", "start": 1330, "end": 1342, "quote": "292 AD2d 615", "context": "stantially alter the nature and character of the area (see Matter of Town of Mt. Pleasant v Toulon, 292 AD2d 615 [2002]; Matter of Incorporated Vil. of Westbury v Maul, 263 AD2d 508 [1999]; Matter of Town of Oyst", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "292 A.D.2d 615", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_292/0615_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c8f2b55d81e09c38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_34/0489_01/index.html", "start": 1399, "end": 1411, "quote": "263 AD2d 508", "context": "Town of Mt. Pleasant v Toulon, 292 AD2d 615 [2002]; Matter of Incorporated Vil. of Westbury v Maul, 263 AD2d 508 [1999]; Matter of Town of Oyster Bay v Maul, 247 AD2d 545 [1998]). Schmidt, J.P., Adams, Dillon and", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "263 A.D.2d 508", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_263/0508_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bd6bd3ebad61ff29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_34/0489_01/index.html", "start": 1457, "end": 1469, "quote": "247 AD2d 545", "context": " of Incorporated Vil. of Westbury v Maul, 263 AD2d 508 [1999]; Matter of Town of Oyster Bay v Maul, 247 AD2d 545 [1998]). Schmidt, J.P., Adams, Dillon and Covello, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "247 A.D.2d 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_247/0545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f62148d558bbde0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_38/0234_01/index.html", "start": 1277, "end": 1288, "quote": "69 NY2d 559", "context": "ctural defects with respect to the electrical system (see Guzman v Haven Plaza Hous. Dev. Fund Co., 69 NY2d 559, 566-567 [1987]; De Souza v Jocar Realty Co., 302 AD2d 336 [2003]). Bennani’s testimony and the aff", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 N.Y.2d 559", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_69/0559_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f61fbc4d70243dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_38/0234_01/index.html", "start": 1335, "end": 1347, "quote": "302 AD2d 336", "context": "Guzman v Haven Plaza Hous. Dev. Fund Co., 69 NY2d 559, 566-567 [1987]; De Souza v Jocar Realty Co., 302 AD2d 336 [2003]). Bennani’s testimony and the affidavit of plaintiffs expert raise issues of fact as whether", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "302 A.D.2d 336", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_302/0336_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa8b9c0730f9ac0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_38/0234_01/index.html", "start": 1739, "end": 1743, "quote": "§ 11", "context": "y injury to Tenant or any other person.” For purposes of the exception in Workers’ Compensation Law § 11 permitting a third-party claim against an employer based on a written contract in which the employe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9faa2bc9083722a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_38/0234_01/index.html", "start": 2136, "end": 2146, "quote": "5 NY3d 427", "context": "is sufficiently express to include Starbucks’ employees (cf. Rodrigues v N & S Bldg. Contrs., Inc., 5 NY3d 427, 433 [2005]; Acosta v Green Mgt. Corp., 267 AD2d 67 [1999]). We have considered the parties’ other ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 N.Y.3d 427", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_5/0427_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "257f15bd18f6471a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_38/0234_01/index.html", "start": 2187, "end": 2198, "quote": "267 AD2d 67", "context": "yees (cf. Rodrigues v N & S Bldg. Contrs., Inc., 5 NY3d 427, 433 [2005]; Acosta v Green Mgt. Corp., 267 AD2d 67 [1999]). We have considered the parties’ other arguments for affirmative relief and find them unava", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "267 A.D.2d 67", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3bca7c78ef2639d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_39/0759_02/index.html", "start": 2800, "end": 2810, "quote": "1 AD3d 371", "context": "Supreme Court, Queen County, for a hearing (see Matter of State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v Russell, 1 AD3d 371 [2003]), that court determined that the declarations page listed Donovan, the respondent’s father, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1 A.D.3d 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2569f32a0fa4b00b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_39/0759_02/index.html", "start": 3018, "end": 3030, "quote": "203 AD2d 930", "context": "e only licensed driver reported to [the petitioner].’ ” Relying on Kennedy v Valley Forge Ins. Co. (203 AD2d 930 [1994], affd 84 NY2d 963 [1994]), the Supreme Court concluded that that listing of Donovan as a lic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "203 A.D.2d 930", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_203/0930_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cedeba6f61c7000d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_39/0759_02/index.html", "start": 3044, "end": 3055, "quote": "84 NY2d 963", "context": "orted to [the petitioner].’ ” Relying on Kennedy v Valley Forge Ins. Co. (203 AD2d 930 [1994], affd 84 NY2d 963 [1994]), the Supreme Court concluded that that listing of Donovan as a licensed driver created a po", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 N.Y.2d 963", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_84/0963_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "24e23590e923b07d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_39/0759_02/index.html", "start": 3954, "end": 3961, "quote": "supra).", "context": " would render him an additional insured based upon that alone (cf. Kennedy v Valley Forge Ins. Co., supra).\nFurthermore, the policy’s declarations page clearly lists Robinson as the only insured. The policy ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "879f121b70773ce7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_39/0759_02/index.html", "start": 4835, "end": 4847, "quote": "248 AD2d 471", "context": "t entitled to uninsured motorist coverage (see Matter of Horowitz v State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 248 AD2d 471 [1998]). Therefore the petition to permanently stay arbitration should have been granted. Schmidt, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "248 A.D.2d 471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_248/0471_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "96d52e18ce507779", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 859, "end": 870, "quote": "60 NY2d 772", "context": "tion of that constitutional right may be raised for the first time on appeal (see People v Kinchen, 60 NY2d 772, 773 [1983]; People v Samuels, 49 NY2d 218, 221 [1980]; cf. People v Delacruz, 13 AD3d 642 [2004]).", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 N.Y.2d 772", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_60/0772_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6122d3962248f7f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 902, "end": 913, "quote": "49 NY2d 218", "context": "ised for the first time on appeal (see People v Kinchen, 60 NY2d 772, 773 [1983]; People v Samuels, 49 NY2d 218, 221 [1980]; cf. People v Delacruz, 13 AD3d 642 [2004]). During the custodial interrogation, the de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 N.Y.2d 218", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_49/0218_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "34c35f8dc1b45d95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 950, "end": 961, "quote": "13 AD3d 642", "context": "Kinchen, 60 NY2d 772, 773 [1983]; People v Samuels, 49 NY2d 218, 221 [1980]; cf. People v Delacruz, 13 AD3d 642 [2004]). During the custodial interrogation, the defendant told police “I think I should get a lawy", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 A.D.3d 642", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_13/0642_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6fe2dec38105e761", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 1361, "end": 1372, "quote": "36 NY2d 230", "context": "bt in light of the overwhelming evidence of the defendant’s guilt (see generally People v Crimmins, 36 NY2d 230, 241-242 [1975]).\nThe defendant failed to preserve his specific arguments regarding the late disclo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 N.Y.2d 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_36/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2ebac31e98c76123", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 1520, "end": 1530, "quote": "9 NY2d 286", "context": "rve his specific arguments regarding the late disclosure of Rosario material (see People v Rosario, 9 NY2d 286 [1961], cert denied 368 US 866 [1961]) and Brady material (see Brady v Maryland, 373 US 83 [1963]; ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 N.Y.2d 286", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_9/0286_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c3df768ac24778d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 1551, "end": 1561, "quote": "368 US 866", "context": "rding the late disclosure of Rosario material (see People v Rosario, 9 NY2d 286 [1961], cert denied 368 US 866 [1961]) and Brady material (see Brady v Maryland, 373 US 83 [1963]; CPL 470.05 [2]; People v Gray, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 U.S. 866", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91222b083c3d86a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 1612, "end": 1621, "quote": "373 US 83", "context": "osario, 9 NY2d 286 [1961], cert denied 368 US 866 [1961]) and Brady material (see Brady v Maryland, 373 US 83 [1963]; CPL 470.05 [2]; People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10 [1995]; People v Rodriguez, 281 AD2d 644, 645 [20", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "373 U.S. 83", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06b474f28d5823c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 1661, "end": 1671, "quote": "86 NY2d 10", "context": " [1961]) and Brady material (see Brady v Maryland, 373 US 83 [1963]; CPL 470.05 [2]; People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10 [1995]; People v Rodriguez, 281 AD2d 644, 645 [2001]), namely, that had he received timely disclosu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 N.Y.2d 10", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_86/0010_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "be3d7669db24ba47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 1700, "end": 1712, "quote": "281 AD2d 644", "context": "v Maryland, 373 US 83 [1963]; CPL 470.05 [2]; People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10 [1995]; People v Rodriguez, 281 AD2d 644, 645 [2001]), namely, that had he received timely disclosure of his accomplice’s prior statement, h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "281 A.D.2d 644", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_281/0644_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c0a33d30ad662326", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 2121, "end": 2132, "quote": "28 AD3d 681", "context": "ng that the defendant suffered any actual prejudice from the delay (see CPL 240.75; People v Myron, 28 AD3d 681, 683 [2006]; People v Poladian, 2 AD3d 755 [2003]; People v Page, 296 AD2d 427, 427-428 [2002]). Th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 A.D.3d 681", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_28/0681_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d63eb3c0c50a8c54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 2165, "end": 2175, "quote": "2 AD3d 755", "context": "ejudice from the delay (see CPL 240.75; People v Myron, 28 AD3d 681, 683 [2006]; People v Poladian, 2 AD3d 755 [2003]; People v Page, 296 AD2d 427, 427-428 [2002]). The material was available for use at trial u", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 A.D.3d 755", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_2/0755_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "63e111d3b8fbebac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 2199, "end": 2211, "quote": "296 AD2d 427", "context": "0.75; People v Myron, 28 AD3d 681, 683 [2006]; People v Poladian, 2 AD3d 755 [2003]; People v Page, 296 AD2d 427, 427-428 [2002]). The material was available for use at trial upon its disclosure and was, in fact,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "296 A.D.2d 427", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_296/0427_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "10646db48082a1ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 2357, "end": 2368, "quote": "30 AD3d 763", "context": "for use at trial upon its disclosure and was, in fact, used by the defendant (see People v Chaffee, 30 AD3d 763, 764 [2006]). The defendant also failed to show under Brady a reasonable possibility that the resul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 A.D.3d 763", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_30/0763_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4aca7e812e0691b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 2567, "end": 2578, "quote": "88 NY2d 888", "context": "lt of the trial would have been different but for the timing of the disclosure (see People v Scott, 88 NY2d 888, 890-891 [1996]; People v Vilardi, 76 NY2d 67, 77-78 [1990]; People v Rodriguez, supra at 644).\nThe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 N.Y.2d 888", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_88/0888_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67181aa31755c1b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 2614, "end": 2624, "quote": "76 NY2d 67", "context": "or the timing of the disclosure (see People v Scott, 88 NY2d 888, 890-891 [1996]; People v Vilardi, 76 NY2d 67, 77-78 [1990]; People v Rodriguez, supra at 644).\nThe defendant’s remaining contentions are without", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 N.Y.2d 67", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_76/0067_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "062f8c237039e9d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_40/0663_01/index.html", "start": 2660, "end": 2672, "quote": "supra at 644", "context": "Scott, 88 NY2d 888, 890-891 [1996]; People v Vilardi, 76 NY2d 67, 77-78 [1990]; People v Rodriguez, supra at 644).\nThe defendant’s remaining contentions are without merit. Mastro, J.P., Rivera, Dillon and Garni, ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "281 A.D.2d 644", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_281/0644_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bd8602874adc92c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 467, "end": 475, "quote": "§ 160.05", "context": "ppeals from a judgment convicting him upon a jury verdict of robbery in the third degree (Penal Law § 160.05), burglary in the second degree (§ 140.25 [2]), and resisting arrest (§ 205.30). Defendant contends", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90f59f7ab08ebc1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 508, "end": 510, "quote": "(§", "context": "n a jury verdict of robbery in the third degree (Penal Law § 160.05), burglary in the second degree (§ 140.25 [2]), and resisting arrest (§ 205.30). Defendant contends that the evidence is legally insuf", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b678e0a497c6e7ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 509, "end": 517, "quote": "§ 140.25", "context": " a jury verdict of robbery in the third degree (Penal Law § 160.05), burglary in the second degree (§ 140.25 [2]), and resisting arrest (§ 205.30). Defendant contends that the evidence is legally insufficient", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1783e7df122e04c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 545, "end": 547, "quote": "(§", "context": "ird degree (Penal Law § 160.05), burglary in the second degree (§ 140.25 [2]), and resisting arrest (§ 205.30). Defendant contends that the evidence is legally insufficient to support the burglary convi", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e08dea35dd6e7ad0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 546, "end": 554, "quote": "§ 205.30", "context": "rd degree (Penal Law § 160.05), burglary in the second degree (§ 140.25 [2]), and resisting arrest (§ 205.30). Defendant contends that the evidence is legally insufficient to support the burglary conviction b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a096a0885e2fc712", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 828, "end": 839, "quote": "69 NY2d 490", "context": "e crime of resisting arrest when he unlawfully entered a dwelling (see generally People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490, 495 [1987]). We reject that contention. According to the evidence presented at trial, defendant ha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 N.Y.2d 490", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_69/0490_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8d66f2c6082021d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 1849, "end": 1860, "quote": "38 AD3d 327", "context": "red the house, not that he actually committed the crime of resisting arrest (see People v Williams, 38 AD3d 327 [2007]; People v Kownack, 20 AD3d 681, 682 [2005]; see generally People v Mackey, 49 NY2d 274, 279 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 A.D.3d 327", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_38/0327_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aad176f4f7b18848", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 1887, "end": 1898, "quote": "20 AD3d 681", "context": "mmitted the crime of resisting arrest (see People v Williams, 38 AD3d 327 [2007]; People v Kownack, 20 AD3d 681, 682 [2005]; see generally People v Mackey, 49 NY2d 274, 279 [1980]). We conclude that the jury cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 A.D.3d 681", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_20/0681_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "010a0294543a215d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 1943, "end": 1954, "quote": "49 NY2d 274", "context": "iams, 38 AD3d 327 [2007]; People v Kownack, 20 AD3d 681, 682 [2005]; see generally People v Mackey, 49 NY2d 274, 279 [1980]). We conclude that the jury could reasonably infer from the evidence presented at trial", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 N.Y.2d 274", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_49/0274_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dda534301e3614f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 2284, "end": 2292, "quote": "§ 205.30", "context": "nt to prevent or attempt to’ prevent the officer from effecting an authorized arrest (see Penal Law § 205.30; see generally Bleakley, 69 NY2d at 495).\nContrary to defendant’s further contention, the sentence ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7b699cc00717b11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_41/1185_01/index.html", "start": 2318, "end": 2332, "quote": "69 NY2d at 495", "context": "nt the officer from effecting an authorized arrest (see Penal Law § 205.30; see generally Bleakley, 69 NY2d at 495).\nContrary to defendant’s further contention, the sentence is not unduly harsh or severe. Present—S", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "69 N.Y.2d 490", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_69/0490_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "08bafa8149d44671", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 2520, "end": 2531, "quote": "47 AD3d 741", "context": "nt and thus are covered by the unambiguous terms of the Settlement Agreement (see Blum v Perlstein, 47 AD3d 741, 742 [2008]; Berkowitz v Fischbein, Badillo, Wagner & Harding, 7 AD3d 385, 386-387 [2004], lv dismi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 A.D.3d 741", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_47/0741_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "796db66813496725", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 2595, "end": 2605, "quote": "7 AD3d 385", "context": "t (see Blum v Perlstein, 47 AD3d 741, 742 [2008]; Berkowitz v Fischbein, Badillo, Wagner & Harding, 7 AD3d 385, 386-387 [2004], lv dismissed 3 NY3d 767 [2004]; Argyle Capital Mgt. Corp. v Lowenthal, Landau, Fis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 A.D.3d 385", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_7/0385_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "465e7336118f7c47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 2636, "end": 2646, "quote": "3 NY3d 767", "context": " [2008]; Berkowitz v Fischbein, Badillo, Wagner & Harding, 7 AD3d 385, 386-387 [2004], lv dismissed 3 NY3d 767 [2004]; Argyle Capital Mgt. Corp. v Lowenthal, Landau, Fischer & Bring, 261 AD2d 282 [1999], lv den", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 N.Y.3d 767", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e27deb8cd292ad42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 2719, "end": 2731, "quote": "261 AD2d 282", "context": "4], lv dismissed 3 NY3d 767 [2004]; Argyle Capital Mgt. Corp. v Lowenthal, Landau, Fischer & Bring, 261 AD2d 282 [1999], lv denied 93 NY2d 817 [1999]; see generally Wells v Shearson Lehman/American Express, 72 NY", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "261 A.D.2d 282", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_261/0282_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9fd302e8e0d50cd4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 2750, "end": 2761, "quote": "93 NY2d 817", "context": "04]; Argyle Capital Mgt. Corp. v Lowenthal, Landau, Fischer & Bring, 261 AD2d 282 [1999], lv denied 93 NY2d 817 [1999]; see generally Wells v Shearson Lehman/American Express, 72 NY2d 11, 18-19 [1988], rearg den", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 N.Y.2d 817", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "19a15503606785e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 2826, "end": 2836, "quote": "72 NY2d 11", "context": "d 282 [1999], lv denied 93 NY2d 817 [1999]; see generally Wells v Shearson Lehman/American Express, 72 NY2d 11, 18-19 [1988], rearg denied 72 NY2d 953 [1988]).\nContrary to the further contention of plaintiffs, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 N.Y.2d 11", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_72/0011_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7ba857fd90212168", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 2865, "end": 2876, "quote": "72 NY2d 953", "context": "99]; see generally Wells v Shearson Lehman/American Express, 72 NY2d 11, 18-19 [1988], rearg denied 72 NY2d 953 [1988]).\nContrary to the further contention of plaintiffs, the subject matter of the action is cove", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 N.Y.2d 953", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e93eaed0ee16c473", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 3565, "end": 3576, "quote": "47 AD3d 741", "context": " based on defendants’ alleged violation of a fiduciary duty owed to plaintiffs (see generally Blum, 47 AD3d 741 [2008]; Berkowitz, 7 AD3d at 387). Finally, plaintiffs contend that defendants should be precluded ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 A.D.3d 741", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_47/0741_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b7abf68be547df4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 3596, "end": 3609, "quote": "7 AD3d at 387", "context": "iolation of a fiduciary duty owed to plaintiffs (see generally Blum, 47 AD3d 741 [2008]; Berkowitz, 7 AD3d at 387). Finally, plaintiffs contend that defendants should be precluded from relying upon the general rel", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "7 A.D.3d 385", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_7/0385_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "958c68c6f417e743", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 3940, "end": 3952, "quote": "206 AD2d 839", "context": "aised for the first time on appeal and thus is not properly before us (see generally Oram v Capone, 206 AD2d 839, 840 [1994]; Ciesinski v Town of Aurora, 202 AD2d 984, 985 [1994]). Present—Smith, J.P, Lunn, Fahey", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "206 A.D.2d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_206/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "551d5829cd063f89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_51/1387_01/index.html", "start": 3994, "end": 4006, "quote": "202 AD2d 984", "context": "perly before us (see generally Oram v Capone, 206 AD2d 839, 840 [1994]; Ciesinski v Town of Aurora, 202 AD2d 984, 985 [1994]). Present—Smith, J.P, Lunn, Fahey, Pine and Gorski, JJ.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "202 A.D.2d 984", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_202/0984_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fc53c5a2dce380af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 701, "end": 708, "quote": "§ 10.06", "context": "al from the October 28, 2008 order.\nThe State does not have a right to videotape Mental Hygiene Law § 10.06 psychiatric examinations (Matter of State of New York v R.H., 21 Misc 3d 1127[A], 2008 NY Slip Op 5", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8f0bbf2f90eec319", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 771, "end": 789, "quote": "21 Misc 3d 1127[A]", "context": " videotape Mental Hygiene Law § 10.06 psychiatric examinations (Matter of State of New York v R.H., 21 Misc 3d 1127[A], 2008 NY Slip Op 52249[U] [2008]; Matter of State of New York v Rosado, 20 Misc 3d 468 [2008]). Art", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 Misc. 3d 1127(A)", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4357c6e79da0213", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 791, "end": 815, "quote": "2008 NY Slip Op 52249[U]", "context": "giene Law § 10.06 psychiatric examinations (Matter of State of New York v R.H., 21 Misc 3d 1127[A], 2008 NY Slip Op 52249[U] [2008]; Matter of State of New York v Rosado, 20 Misc 3d 468 [2008]). Article 10 contains no expres", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2008 NY Slip Op 52249(U)", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "02467cc094623c2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 862, "end": 876, "quote": "20 Misc 3d 468", "context": " v R.H., 21 Misc 3d 1127[A], 2008 NY Slip Op 52249[U] [2008]; Matter of State of New York v Rosado, 20 Misc 3d 468 [2008]). Article 10 contains no express provision authorizing such videotaping, unlike other contex", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 Misc. 3d 468", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a2f33bfc6906317", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 1058, "end": 1070, "quote": "60 AD 3d 954", "context": "nlike other contexts in which litigants are given the right to videotape (see Matter of Charles S., 60 AD 3d 954 [2d Dept 2009]; 22 NYCRR 202.15, implementing CPLR 3113 [b] [civil depositions]; Family Ct Act § 10", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 A.D.3d 954", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_60/0954_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f487a6562d53a0cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 1166, "end": 1172, "quote": "§ 1038", "context": " 954 [2d Dept 2009]; 22 NYCRR 202.15, implementing CPLR 3113 [b] [civil depositions]; Family Ct Act § 1038 [c] [psychiatric examinations in certain child protective proceedings]). Indeed, by limiting discov", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d3dd4b7ff303256", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 1279, "end": 1292, "quote": "section 10.06", "context": "sychiatric examinations in certain child protective proceedings]). Indeed, by limiting discovery of section 10.06 examinations to the production of the examiners’ reports (Mental Hygiene Law § 10.06 [d], [e]), and", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90ecbba5a88eacb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 1370, "end": 1377, "quote": "§ 10.06", "context": "overy of section 10.06 examinations to the production of the examiners’ reports (Mental Hygiene Law § 10.06 [d], [e]), and leaving the methodology of examinations up to the examiner (Mental Hygiene Law § 10.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee476eceb38b9141", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 1472, "end": 1479, "quote": "§ 10.08", "context": "10.06 [d], [e]), and leaving the methodology of examinations up to the examiner (Mental Hygiene Law § 10.08 [b]), article 10 indicates that the Legislature intended that the courts not have the discretion to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e0a8845ccba172a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 1605, "end": 1618, "quote": "section 10.06", "context": "s that the Legislature intended that the courts not have the discretion to order the videotaping of section 10.06 examinations. Although in the context of criminal cases in which a psychiatric defense is advanced,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "12ecbdd812ba9c0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 1954, "end": 1965, "quote": "27 NY2d 432", "context": "atric examination for the purposes of trial preparation (Matter of Lee v County Ct. of Erie County, 27 NY2d 432, 444 [1971], cert denied 404 US 823 [1971]; see also CEL 250.10 [3]), and although the same fairnes", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 N.Y.2d 432", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_27/0432_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a1719c9ff99e8f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 1991, "end": 2001, "quote": "404 US 823", "context": " trial preparation (Matter of Lee v County Ct. of Erie County, 27 NY2d 432, 444 [1971], cert denied 404 US 823 [1971]; see also CEL 250.10 [3]), and although the same fairness concerns are implicated in article", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "404 U.S. 823", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b80aa2b6de40195", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 2250, "end": 2257, "quote": "§ 10.05", "context": "s right to examine the respondent before the latter’s right to counsel attaches (Mental Hygiene Law § 10.05 [e]; § 10.06 [c]), to subject him or her to a rebuttal examination after it reviews the report of h", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e09f313e887d8c34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 2263, "end": 2270, "quote": "§ 10.06", "context": "amine the respondent before the latter’s right to counsel attaches (Mental Hygiene Law § 10.05 [e]; § 10.06 [c]), to subject him or her to a rebuttal examination after it reviews the report of his or her exa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "765819ec0cbed448", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 2396, "end": 2403, "quote": "§ 10.06", "context": "er to a rebuttal examination after it reviews the report of his or her examiner (Mental Hygiene Law § 10.06 [d]), and to have access to any relevant medical, clinical or other information generated by any st", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03227f1f51b378fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_61/0567_01/index.html", "start": 2556, "end": 2563, "quote": "§ 10.08", "context": "inical or other information generated by any state agency, office or department (Mental Hygiene Law § 10.08 [c]). We have considered the State’s other arguments and find them unavailing. Concur—Gonzalez, EJ.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ecdc573eedf3086", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_77/0451_01/index.html", "start": 1142, "end": 1153, "quote": "61 NY2d 525", "context": "t Superintendent on the ground that it seeks to compel discretionary acts (see Klostermann v Cuomo, 61 NY2d 525, 539 [1984]; LMK Psychological Servs., P.C. v State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 12 NY3d 217, 223 [200", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 N.Y.2d 525", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_61/0525_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ab885853d8a7142", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_77/0451_01/index.html", "start": 1232, "end": 1243, "quote": "12 NY3d 217", "context": " v Cuomo, 61 NY2d 525, 539 [1984]; LMK Psychological Servs., P.C. v State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 12 NY3d 217, 223 [2009]; Sightseeing Tours of Am., Inc. v Air Pegasus Heliport, Inc., 40 AD 3d 354 [2007], lv d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 N.Y.3d 217", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_12/0217_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b67cfe1628ea474e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_77/0451_01/index.html", "start": 1318, "end": 1330, "quote": "40 AD 3d 354", "context": "to. Ins. Co., 12 NY3d 217, 223 [2009]; Sightseeing Tours of Am., Inc. v Air Pegasus Heliport, Inc., 40 AD 3d 354 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 817 [2008]). Although Insurance Law § 309 requires the Superintendent to u", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 A.D.3d 354", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_40/0354_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f7b3db6ff3b7a1f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_77/0451_01/index.html", "start": 1349, "end": 1359, "quote": "9 NY3d 817", "context": "[2009]; Sightseeing Tours of Am., Inc. v Air Pegasus Heliport, Inc., 40 AD 3d 354 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 817 [2008]). Although Insurance Law § 309 requires the Superintendent to undertake periodic examination", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 N.Y.3d 817", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5d36677f10652f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_77/0451_01/index.html", "start": 1392, "end": 1397, "quote": "§ 309", "context": "r Pegasus Heliport, Inc., 40 AD 3d 354 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 817 [2008]). Although Insurance Law § 309 requires the Superintendent to undertake periodic examinations of insurance companies, it appears t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "44b849e3e4e21abb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_77/0451_01/index.html", "start": 1651, "end": 1657, "quote": "§§ 310", "context": "loyed to correct misconduct are left entirely to the Superintendent’s discretion (cf. Insurance Law §§ 310, 311); certainly, petitioner points to nothing in the Insurance Law requiring the Superintendent to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e6c0f214fff7265", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_77/0451_01/index.html", "start": 2197, "end": 2208, "quote": "86 NY2d 406", "context": "fected by the discharge of their rules or bylaws (see Matter of De Petris v Union Settlement Assn., 86 NY2d 406, 411 n [1995]; cf. Matter of Levandusky v One Fifth Ave. Apt. Corp., 75 NY2d 530, 536-537, 541-542 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 N.Y.2d 406", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_86/0406_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1770e636f40d9287", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_77/0451_01/index.html", "start": 2278, "end": 2289, "quote": "75 NY2d 530", "context": " Settlement Assn., 86 NY2d 406, 411 n [1995]; cf. Matter of Levandusky v One Fifth Ave. Apt. Corp., 75 NY2d 530, 536-537, 541-542 [1990]). We have considered petitioners’ other arguments and find them unavailing", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 N.Y.2d 530", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_75/0530_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e32ec105d5af3e94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_77/0451_01/index.html", "start": 2478, "end": 2492, "quote": "25 Misc 3d 637", "context": " unavailing. Concur—Mazzarelli, J.P., Sweeny, Moskowitz, Acosta and Román, JJ. [Prior Case History: 25 Misc 3d 637.]\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 Misc. 3d 637", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fa876a5b903e36dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_79/0428_01/index.html", "start": 375, "end": 385, "quote": "9 NY3d 342", "context": "animously affirmed.\nThe verdict was not against the weight of the evidence (see People v Danielson, 9 NY3d 342, 348-349 [2007]). There is no basis for disturbing the jury’s credibility determinations, including", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 N.Y.3d 342", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_9/0342_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1b77cc72be7a516", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 1525, "end": 1533, "quote": "§ 205.25", "context": " a necessary element of the crime of promoting prison contraband in the first degree (see Penal Law § 205.25 [2]). He argues that because the recovered razor blade was too dull and small to be used as a weapo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d45c960ce1a2441", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2018, "end": 2029, "quote": "69 NY2d 490", "context": "ubt, that defendant knowingly and unlawfully possessed dangerous contraband (see People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490, 495 [1987]; People v Contes, 60 NY2d 620, 621 [1983]). We further conclude, based upon the credibl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 N.Y.2d 490", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_69/0490_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4a9ab3719f2625ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2060, "end": 2071, "quote": "60 NY2d 620", "context": "ly possessed dangerous contraband (see People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490, 495 [1987]; People v Contes, 60 NY2d 620, 621 [1983]). We further conclude, based upon the credible evidence presented, that the verdict was", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 N.Y.2d 620", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_60/0620_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c03bffafbee05cde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2501, "end": 2513, "quote": "291 AD2d 667", "context": " and the potential danger it posed to the safety and security of the facility (see People v Bailey, 291 AD2d 667, 668 [2002]; People v Rosario, 262 AD2d 802, 803 [1999], lv denied 93 NY2d 1026 [1999]; People v Me", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "291 A.D.2d 667", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_291/0667_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3b9129064342b3fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2545, "end": 2557, "quote": "262 AD2d 802", "context": "fety and security of the facility (see People v Bailey, 291 AD2d 667, 668 [2002]; People v Rosario, 262 AD2d 802, 803 [1999], lv denied 93 NY2d 1026 [1999]; People v Mendoza, 244 AD2d 815, 816 [1997], lv denied 9", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "262 A.D.2d 802", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_262/0802_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f1e6b43339648e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2581, "end": 2593, "quote": "93 NY2d 1026", "context": "ee People v Bailey, 291 AD2d 667, 668 [2002]; People v Rosario, 262 AD2d 802, 803 [1999], lv denied 93 NY2d 1026 [1999]; People v Mendoza, 244 AD2d 815, 816 [1997], lv denied 91 NY2d 943 [1998]; People v Jones, 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 N.Y.2d 1026", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32bae42ccbd90a97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2620, "end": 2632, "quote": "244 AD2d 815", "context": "2002]; People v Rosario, 262 AD2d 802, 803 [1999], lv denied 93 NY2d 1026 [1999]; People v Mendoza, 244 AD2d 815, 816 [1997], lv denied 91 NY2d 943 [1998]; People v Jones, 185 AD2d 470, 471 [1992], lv denied 80 N", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "244 A.D.2d 815", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_244/0815_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "50d59c60da9769b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2656, "end": 2667, "quote": "91 NY2d 943", "context": "2, 803 [1999], lv denied 93 NY2d 1026 [1999]; People v Mendoza, 244 AD2d 815, 816 [1997], lv denied 91 NY2d 943 [1998]; People v Jones, 185 AD2d 470, 471 [1992], lv denied 80 NY2d 975 [1992]).\nWe further find no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 N.Y.2d 943", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ecad7bc4023246c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2692, "end": 2704, "quote": "185 AD2d 470", "context": "6 [1999]; People v Mendoza, 244 AD2d 815, 816 [1997], lv denied 91 NY2d 943 [1998]; People v Jones, 185 AD2d 470, 471 [1992], lv denied 80 NY2d 975 [1992]).\nWe further find no error in County Court’s failure to s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "185 A.D.2d 470", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_185/0470_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "53c12ed2a120041e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2728, "end": 2739, "quote": "80 NY2d 975", "context": " 815, 816 [1997], lv denied 91 NY2d 943 [1998]; People v Jones, 185 AD2d 470, 471 [1992], lv denied 80 NY2d 975 [1992]).\nWe further find no error in County Court’s failure to sua sponte submit the charge of prom", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 N.Y.2d 975", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f5990643f1beacbb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2933, "end": 2945, "quote": "255 AD2d 620", "context": "f promoting prison contraband in the second degree to the jury (see CPL 300.50 [2]; People v David, 255 AD2d 620, 621-622 [1998]; see also People v Douglas, 194 AD2d 408, 409 [1993], lv denied 82 NY2d 717 [1993])", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "255 A.D.2d 620", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_255/0620_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4dfc0a701eaffef7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 2990, "end": 3002, "quote": "194 AD2d 408", "context": " jury (see CPL 300.50 [2]; People v David, 255 AD2d 620, 621-622 [1998]; see also People v Douglas, 194 AD2d 408, 409 [1993], lv denied 82 NY2d 717 [1993]). Defendant did not request the submission of the lesser ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "194 A.D.2d 408", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_194/0408_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "979e787d067be715", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 3026, "end": 3037, "quote": "82 NY2d 717", "context": "David, 255 AD2d 620, 621-622 [1998]; see also People v Douglas, 194 AD2d 408, 409 [1993], lv denied 82 NY2d 717 [1993]). Defendant did not request the submission of the lesser included charge and, even if he did", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 N.Y.2d 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "124f8b26c4b5b4c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 3231, "end": 3243, "quote": "supra at 471", "context": "he did, no reasonable view of the evidence could have supported its submission (see People v Jones, supra at 471; see also People v Livingston, 262 AD2d 786, 787 [1999], lv denied 94 NY2d 881 [2000]).\nDefendant’s", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "185 A.D.2d 470", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_185/0470_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bbe7f0d1e1b577fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 3275, "end": 3287, "quote": "262 AD2d 786", "context": "ould have supported its submission (see People v Jones, supra at 471; see also People v Livingston, 262 AD2d 786, 787 [1999], lv denied 94 NY2d 881 [2000]).\nDefendant’s ineffective assistance of counsel claim is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "262 A.D.2d 786", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_262/0786_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d84603578728d52f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 3311, "end": 3322, "quote": "94 NY2d 881", "context": "see People v Jones, supra at 471; see also People v Livingston, 262 AD2d 786, 787 [1999], lv denied 94 NY2d 881 [2000]).\nDefendant’s ineffective assistance of counsel claim is similarly unavailing. Viewing the e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 N.Y.2d 881", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20f0e29ff0172c71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 3618, "end": 3629, "quote": "91 NY2d 708", "context": "ndant’s representation, we find that he received meaningful representation (see People v Benevento, 91 NY2d 708, 712 [1998]; People v Baldi, 54 NY2d 137, 147 [1981]; People v Gilliam, 300 AD2d 701, 701 [2002], l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 N.Y.2d 708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_91/0708_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dc94c8818b893a54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 3659, "end": 3670, "quote": "54 NY2d 137", "context": "eceived meaningful representation (see People v Benevento, 91 NY2d 708, 712 [1998]; People v Baldi, 54 NY2d 137, 147 [1981]; People v Gilliam, 300 AD2d 701, 701 [2002], lv denied 99 NY2d 628 [2003]). Counsel mad", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 N.Y.2d 137", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_54/0137_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b3c8e6b8615c20d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 3702, "end": 3714, "quote": "300 AD2d 701", "context": "le v Benevento, 91 NY2d 708, 712 [1998]; People v Baldi, 54 NY2d 137, 147 [1981]; People v Gilliam, 300 AD2d 701, 701 [2002], lv denied 99 NY2d 628 [2003]). Counsel made appropriate pretrial motions, vigorously a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "300 A.D.2d 701", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_300/0701_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "62c29ccad5f1c925", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 3738, "end": 3749, "quote": "99 NY2d 628", "context": "98]; People v Baldi, 54 NY2d 137, 147 [1981]; People v Gilliam, 300 AD2d 701, 701 [2002], lv denied 99 NY2d 628 [2003]). Counsel made appropriate pretrial motions, vigorously attempting to suppress the statement", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 N.Y.2d 628", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "38762db0fade7824", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 4197, "end": 4209, "quote": "298 AD2d 702", "context": "ends was counsel’s failure to request a charge on the lesser included offense (see People v Alston, 298 AD2d 702, 704 [2002], lvs denied 99 NY2d 554, 555 [2002]; see also People v Wright, 297 AD2d 875, 875 [2002]", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "298 A.D.2d 702", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_298/0702_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8a4d26162a94313f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 4234, "end": 4245, "quote": "99 NY2d 554", "context": " a charge on the lesser included offense (see People v Alston, 298 AD2d 702, 704 [2002], lvs denied 99 NY2d 554, 555 [2002]; see also People v Wright, 297 AD2d 875, 875 [2002]), we find that adequate and meaning", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 N.Y.2d 554", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "945a3d56431e85e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 4285, "end": 4297, "quote": "297 AD2d 875", "context": "e v Alston, 298 AD2d 702, 704 [2002], lvs denied 99 NY2d 554, 555 [2002]; see also People v Wright, 297 AD2d 875, 875 [2002]), we find that adequate and meaningful representation was provided.\nFinally, having fur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "297 A.D.2d 875", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_297/0875_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5bdbab7f7f3988e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 4550, "end": 4562, "quote": "298 AD2d 706", "context": "traordinary circumstances which would warrant our modification of his sentence (see People v Hawes, 298 AD2d 706, 709 [2002], lv denied 99 NY2d 582 [2003]), the sentence will remain undisturbed.\nMercure, J.P., Mu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "298 A.D.2d 706", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_298/0706_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "217e1b718edb1a56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 4586, "end": 4597, "quote": "99 NY2d 582", "context": "d warrant our modification of his sentence (see People v Hawes, 298 AD2d 706, 709 [2002], lv denied 99 NY2d 582 [2003]), the sentence will remain undisturbed.\nMercure, J.P., Mugglin, Rose and Lahtinen, JJ., conc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 N.Y.2d 582", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c06ce1c5c820df91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ad3d/volume_9/0790_01/index.html", "start": 4902, "end": 4910, "quote": "§ 205.00", "context": "se as may endanger the safety or security of a detention facility or any person therein” (Penal Law § 205.00 [4]).\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0289afa276d48ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 54, "end": 66, "quote": "section 653f", "context": "\nWILSON, J.\nDefendant was charged with a violation of section 653f of the Penal Code—soliciting one Paul Howard to commit and join in the commission of the crime of p", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a1e9c146937e48d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 9604, "end": 9617, "quote": "30 Cal.2d 356", "context": "nt was not misled but was fully advised of the offense of which she was accused. (People v. Codina, 30 Cal.2d 356, 360-2 [181 P.2d 881]; People v. Hitchcock, 104 Cal. 482, 484 [38 P. 198].) Such objection may not ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 Cal. 2d 356", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_30/0356_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "004676ac2266baba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 9626, "end": 9638, "quote": "181 P.2d 881", "context": "was fully advised of the offense of which she was accused. (People v. Codina, 30 Cal.2d 356, 360-2 [181 P.2d 881]; People v. Hitchcock, 104 Cal. 482, 484 [38 P. 198].) Such objection may not be first raised on ap", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "181 P.2d 881", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b20af72f049dd6a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 9662, "end": 9674, "quote": "104 Cal. 482", "context": "which she was accused. (People v. Codina, 30 Cal.2d 356, 360-2 [181 P.2d 881]; People v. Hitchcock, 104 Cal. 482, 484 [38 P. 198].) Such objection may not be first raised on appeal. Defendant was charged and conv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 Cal. 482", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal/volume_104/0482_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a30c13dc543cfe17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 9681, "end": 9690, "quote": "38 P. 198", "context": "ed. (People v. Codina, 30 Cal.2d 356, 360-2 [181 P.2d 881]; People v. Hitchcock, 104 Cal. 482, 484 [38 P. 198].) Such objection may not be first raised on appeal. Defendant was charged and convicted of one cri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 P. 198", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c18508a75cb83e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 9997, "end": 10003, "quote": "§§ 960", "context": "fect the substantial rights of the defendant, a verdict of guilt will not be disturbed. (Pen. Code, §§ 960, 1404; People v. Hitchcock, supra; People v. Pierce, 14 Cal.2d 639, 644ff [96 P.2d 784].)\nDefendant", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d09f14777788098", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10032, "end": 10038, "quote": "supra;", "context": "defendant, a verdict of guilt will not be disturbed. (Pen. Code, §§ 960, 1404; People v. Hitchcock, supra; People v. Pierce, 14 Cal.2d 639, 644ff [96 P.2d 784].)\nDefendant contends she is not guilty of soli", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a12462abf01d490", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10057, "end": 10070, "quote": "14 Cal.2d 639", "context": "uilt will not be disturbed. (Pen. Code, §§ 960, 1404; People v. Hitchcock, supra; People v. Pierce, 14 Cal.2d 639, 644ff [96 P.2d 784].)\nDefendant contends she is not guilty of soliciting the commission or the joi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 Cal. 2d 639", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_14/0639_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d671ee7a42f073e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10079, "end": 10090, "quote": "96 P.2d 784", "context": "rbed. (Pen. Code, §§ 960, 1404; People v. Hitchcock, supra; People v. Pierce, 14 Cal.2d 639, 644ff [96 P.2d 784].)\nDefendant contends she is not guilty of soliciting the commission or the joining in the commissi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 P.2d 784", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f65a04bb86b57da0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10517, "end": 10523, "quote": "§ 118.", "context": " and thereafter stating under oath as true a material matter which he knew to be false. (Pen. Code, § 118.) A person who solicits another to commit or to join in the commission of one of the crimes mentione", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cda9f5387001a54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10628, "end": 10640, "quote": "section 653f", "context": "erson who solicits another to commit or to join in the commission of one of the crimes mentioned in section 653f is guilty of a violation of that section even though the criminal offense solicited is never commit", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1158b429ece2fe4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10765, "end": 10782, "quote": "72 Cal.App.2d 728", "context": " of that section even though the criminal offense solicited is never committed. (People v. Baskins, 72 Cal.App.2d 728, 733 [165 P.2d 510]) and even though the other person rejects the importunity and refuses to testif", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 Cal. App. 2d 728", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_72/0728_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2a3df1369b69e123", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10789, "end": 10801, "quote": "165 P.2d 510", "context": "ough the criminal offense solicited is never committed. (People v. Baskins, 72 Cal.App.2d 728, 733 [165 P.2d 510]) and even though the other person rejects the importunity and refuses to testify. (People v. Gray,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 P.2d 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7870dedefa08ac43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10902, "end": 10920, "quote": "52 Cal. App.2d 620", "context": ") and even though the other person rejects the importunity and refuses to testify. (People v. Gray, 52 Cal. App.2d 620, 644-5 [127 P.2d 72].) The evidence shows that defendant solicited Howard to be a witness and to te", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 Cal. App. 2d 620", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_52/0620_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ab7da966b030a65d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10929, "end": 10940, "quote": "127 P.2d 72", "context": " person rejects the importunity and refuses to testify. (People v. Gray, 52 Cal. App.2d 620, 644-5 [127 P.2d 72].) The evidence shows that defendant solicited Howard to be a witness and to testify concerning a p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 P.2d 72", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "273c3c209266ccdd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 11582, "end": 11589, "quote": "§ 1111.", "context": "the defendant on trial in the cause in which the testimony of the accomplice is given.” (Pen. Code, § 1111.) Howard could not have been prosecuted for soliciting the commission of perjury. He did not solicit", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a26c25ab08b0fee9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_102/0159_01/index.html", "start": 11919, "end": 11935, "quote": "supra, at p. 731", "context": "ourt did not err in having failed to give instructions relating to accomplices. (People v. Baskins, supra, at p. 731.)\nOrder denying new trial affirmed. Purported appeal from judgment which was not rendered is dismis", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18ff44a71a68025e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 5918, "end": 5931, "quote": "30 Cal.2d 439", "context": "r of fact if there is substantial evidence in the record in support thereof. (Berniker v. Berniker, 30 Cal.2d 439, 444 [182 P.2d 557].) Substantial evidence is defined in Estate of Teed, 112 Cal.App.2d 638, 644 [2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 Cal. 2d 439", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_30/0439_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "70e0301eb284abcf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 5938, "end": 5950, "quote": "182 P.2d 557", "context": "s substantial evidence in the record in support thereof. (Berniker v. Berniker, 30 Cal.2d 439, 444 [182 P.2d 557].) Substantial evidence is defined in Estate of Teed, 112 Cal.App.2d 638, 644 [247 P.2d 54], and it", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "182 P.2d 557", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0389a8e0a74e3de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 6005, "end": 6023, "quote": "112 Cal.App.2d 638", "context": "v. Berniker, 30 Cal.2d 439, 444 [182 P.2d 557].) Substantial evidence is defined in Estate of Teed, 112 Cal.App.2d 638, 644 [247 P.2d 54], and it is there said that the word “substantial” clearly implies that such evid", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 Cal. App. 2d 638", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_112/0638_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d0f30a1f361eba9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 6030, "end": 6041, "quote": "247 P.2d 54", "context": "9, 444 [182 P.2d 557].) Substantial evidence is defined in Estate of Teed, 112 Cal.App.2d 638, 644 [247 P.2d 54], and it is there said that the word “substantial” clearly implies that such evidence must be of po", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "247 P.2d 54", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "205ff28a3691bdca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 6471, "end": 6484, "quote": "37 Cal.2d 592", "context": "quires in a particular case.\nIn the instant case, as is our duty (Potter v. Pacific Coast Lbr. Co., 37 Cal.2d 592, 598 [234 P.2d 16]), we have analyzed the record for the purpose of determining whether or not ther", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "37 Cal. 2d 592", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_37/0592_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4208093af80dba29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 6491, "end": 6502, "quote": "234 P.2d 16", "context": "ar case.\nIn the instant case, as is our duty (Potter v. Pacific Coast Lbr. Co., 37 Cal.2d 592, 598 [234 P.2d 16]), we have analyzed the record for the purpose of determining whether or not there is any evidence ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "234 P.2d 16", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff46a33b8021ce63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 7023, "end": 7029, "quote": "supra.", "context": "t is supported by substantial evidence within the meaning of the term as defined in Estate of Teed, supra.\nIn Bramble v. McEwan, 40 Cal.App.2d 400, 409 [104 P.2d 1054], the court said, quoting from Nagamats", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06d1cc45f676f764", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 7052, "end": 7069, "quote": "40 Cal.App.2d 400", "context": " evidence within the meaning of the term as defined in Estate of Teed, supra.\nIn Bramble v. McEwan, 40 Cal.App.2d 400, 409 [104 P.2d 1054], the court said, quoting from Nagamatsu v. Roher, 10 Cal.App.2d 752, 756 [53 P", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 Cal. App. 2d 400", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_40/0400_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e614f589fab056b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 7076, "end": 7089, "quote": "104 P.2d 1054", "context": "ning of the term as defined in Estate of Teed, supra.\nIn Bramble v. McEwan, 40 Cal.App.2d 400, 409 [104 P.2d 1054], the court said, quoting from Nagamatsu v. Roher, 10 Cal.App.2d 752, 756 [53 P.2d 174]:\n“ ‘Perhaps", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 P.2d 1054", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d692ad70cc8024df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 7141, "end": 7158, "quote": "10 Cal.App.2d 752", "context": "v. McEwan, 40 Cal.App.2d 400, 409 [104 P.2d 1054], the court said, quoting from Nagamatsu v. Roher, 10 Cal.App.2d 752, 756 [53 P.2d 174]:\n“ ‘Perhaps there is nothing more certain about an automobile accident than the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "10 Cal. App. 2d 752", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_10/0752_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "45e6803405a1d7d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 7165, "end": 7176, "quote": "53 P.2d 174", "context": " 400, 409 [104 P.2d 1054], the court said, quoting from Nagamatsu v. Roher, 10 Cal.App.2d 752, 756 [53 P.2d 174]:\n“ ‘Perhaps there is nothing more certain about an automobile accident than the fact that the visi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 P.2d 174", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "951aa2cf0208d337", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 7388, "end": 7406, "quote": "108 Cal.App.2d 517", "context": "after-wards are not an infallible guide in determining what occurred’ . . .”\nAnd in Taylor v. Gear, 108 Cal.App.2d 517 [239 P.2d 11], we find the following language:\n“ ‘Experience and observation teach that strange thi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 Cal. App. 2d 517", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_108/0517_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2de99c79ff6abcb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_125/0734_01/index.html", "start": 7408, "end": 7419, "quote": "239 P.2d 11", "context": "an infallible guide in determining what occurred’ . . .”\nAnd in Taylor v. Gear, 108 Cal.App.2d 517 [239 P.2d 11], we find the following language:\n“ ‘Experience and observation teach that strange things sometimes", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "239 P.2d 11", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c4e181675dd7b23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_171/0565_01/index.html", "start": 3510, "end": 3523, "quote": "46 Cal.2d 818", "context": " as to deprive appellant of a fair trial and result in a miscarriage of justice. (People v. Watson, 46 Cal.2d 818, 836 [299 P.2d 243].) Appellant’s guilt of robbery was clearly shown by the testimony of Estrada an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 Cal. 2d 818", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_46/0818_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "03e3b315cf56290a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_171/0565_01/index.html", "start": 3530, "end": 3542, "quote": "299 P.2d 243", "context": "lant of a fair trial and result in a miscarriage of justice. (People v. Watson, 46 Cal.2d 818, 836 [299 P.2d 243].) Appellant’s guilt of robbery was clearly shown by the testimony of Estrada and Maciel. The court", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "299 P.2d 243", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8f5b570029d0d5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 175, "end": 188, "quote": "section 11530", "context": "les County, defendant was charged with the crime of illegal possession of marijuana in violation of section 11530 of the Health and Safety Code. Defendant entered a plea of not guilty. Defendant personally and all", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "282d020432a20fe4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 4533, "end": 4545, "quote": "59 Cal.2d 65", "context": "t, the burden rests on the prosecution to show a proper justification. (Tompkins v. Superior Court, 59 Cal.2d 65, 67 [27 Cal.Rptr. 889, 378 P.2d 113].)\n“ Reasonable or probable cause is shown when a man of ordina", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 Cal. 2d 65", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_59/0065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "09ec540446d7084b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 4551, "end": 4567, "quote": "27 Cal.Rptr. 889", "context": "s on the prosecution to show a proper justification. (Tompkins v. Superior Court, 59 Cal.2d 65, 67 [27 Cal.Rptr. 889, 378 P.2d 113].)\n“ Reasonable or probable cause is shown when a man of ordinary care and prudence, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 Cal. Rptr. 889", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52c96e7b0b5621b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 4569, "end": 4581, "quote": "378 P.2d 113", "context": "on to show a proper justification. (Tompkins v. Superior Court, 59 Cal.2d 65, 67 [27 Cal.Rptr. 889, 378 P.2d 113].)\n“ Reasonable or probable cause is shown when a man of ordinary care and prudence, knowing what t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "378 P.2d 113", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a6d246093a4fa54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 4835, "end": 4853, "quote": "177 Cal.App.2d 414", "context": "iously entertain a strong suspicion of the guilt of the accused. [Citations.]” (People v. Steffano, 177 Cal.App.2d 414, 417 [2 Cal.Rptr. 176]; People v. Morris, 211 Cal.App.2d 274, 277 [27 Cal. Rptr. 129].)\nIn consider", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "177 Cal. App. 2d 414", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_177/0414_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "88891c7761c6cff4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 4860, "end": 4875, "quote": "2 Cal.Rptr. 176", "context": " suspicion of the guilt of the accused. [Citations.]” (People v. Steffano, 177 Cal.App.2d 414, 417 [2 Cal.Rptr. 176]; People v. Morris, 211 Cal.App.2d 274, 277 [27 Cal. Rptr. 129].)\nIn considering the question of re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 Cal. Rptr. 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0f7ba321ad62052", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 4896, "end": 4914, "quote": "211 Cal.App.2d 274", "context": "ed. [Citations.]” (People v. Steffano, 177 Cal.App.2d 414, 417 [2 Cal.Rptr. 176]; People v. Morris, 211 Cal.App.2d 274, 277 [27 Cal. Rptr. 129].)\nIn considering the question of reasonable or probable cause, the court m", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "211 Cal. App. 2d 274", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_211/0274_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1a34af3c0ca5b60c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 4921, "end": 4938, "quote": "27 Cal. Rptr. 129", "context": " v. Steffano, 177 Cal.App.2d 414, 417 [2 Cal.Rptr. 176]; People v. Morris, 211 Cal.App.2d 274, 277 [27 Cal. Rptr. 129].)\nIn considering the question of reasonable or probable cause, the court must look to the facts an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 Cal. Rptr. 129", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "274b91978457d859", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 5135, "end": 5152, "quote": "173 Cal.App.2d 88", "context": " and circumstances presented to the officer at the time he was required to act. (People v. Hollins, 173 Cal.App.2d 88, 92 [343 P.2d 174].)\nIt is well established that a search cannot be justified by what it turns up. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "173 Cal. App. 2d 88", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_173/0088_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "62d6dd1f5e831070", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 5158, "end": 5170, "quote": "343 P.2d 174", "context": "ented to the officer at the time he was required to act. (People v. Hollins, 173 Cal.App.2d 88, 92 [343 P.2d 174].)\nIt is well established that a search cannot be justified by what it turns up. (Tompkins v. Super", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "343 P.2d 174", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42d064034d29df01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 5281, "end": 5287, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ell established that a search cannot be justified by what it turns up. (Tompkins v. Superior Court, supra, 59 Cal.2d 65, 68.) As stated in People v. Brown, 205 Cal. App.2d 188, 192 [22 Cal.Rptr. 835], . . t", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "facbddfe23248819", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 5288, "end": 5300, "quote": "59 Cal.2d 65", "context": "ablished that a search cannot be justified by what it turns up. (Tompkins v. Superior Court, supra, 59 Cal.2d 65, 68.) As stated in People v. Brown, 205 Cal. App.2d 188, 192 [22 Cal.Rptr. 835], . . the fact that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 Cal. 2d 65", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_59/0065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c9ca7433ab444493", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 5337, "end": 5356, "quote": "205 Cal. App.2d 188", "context": "t it turns up. (Tompkins v. Superior Court, supra, 59 Cal.2d 65, 68.) As stated in People v. Brown, 205 Cal. App.2d 188, 192 [22 Cal.Rptr. 835], . . the fact that the search of defendant’s person ultimately disclosed th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "205 Cal. App. 2d 188", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a99e9e40659fc73d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 5363, "end": 5379, "quote": "22 Cal.Rptr. 835", "context": ". Superior Court, supra, 59 Cal.2d 65, 68.) As stated in People v. Brown, 205 Cal. App.2d 188, 192 [22 Cal.Rptr. 835], . . the fact that the search of defendant’s person ultimately disclosed that she possessed a narc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 Cal. Rptr. 835", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6c925edbea386a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 5827, "end": 5845, "quote": "142 Cal.App.2d 555", "context": "icer of the presence of what he believes to be hypodermic marks. In the ease of People v. Jaurequi, 142 Cal.App.2d 555 [298 P.2d 896], cited by the People, police officers arrested a suspect after observing hypodermic ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "142 Cal. App. 2d 555", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_142/0555_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b94b73b35f080287", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 5847, "end": 5859, "quote": "298 P.2d 896", "context": " of what he believes to be hypodermic marks. In the ease of People v. Jaurequi, 142 Cal.App.2d 555 [298 P.2d 896], cited by the People, police officers arrested a suspect after observing hypodermic needle marks o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "298 P.2d 896", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4db6508afbc59987", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 6477, "end": 6490, "quote": "46 Cal.2d 297", "context": "arcotic user and dealer, he was in our opinion reasonable in making the arrest.”\nIn People v. Rios, 46 Cal.2d 297 [294 P.2d 39], the police officer’s observation of fresh hypodermic needle marks on the suspect’s a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 Cal. 2d 297", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_46/0297_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "65b426deacc82e5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 6492, "end": 6503, "quote": "294 P.2d 39", "context": "d dealer, he was in our opinion reasonable in making the arrest.”\nIn People v. Rios, 46 Cal.2d 297 [294 P.2d 39], the police officer’s observation of fresh hypodermic needle marks on the suspect’s arm, was bolst", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "294 P.2d 39", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f59a803fa71b80e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 6839, "end": 6856, "quote": "173 Cal.App.2d 88", "context": ", on page 298, “. . . it could be inferred that he had possessed heroin. ...”\nIn People v. Hollins, 173 Cal.App.2d 88, 90 [343 P.2d 174], the arresting officer testified that he had known the suspect prior to the arre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "173 Cal. App. 2d 88", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_173/0088_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0cfc72417ac7987c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 6862, "end": 6874, "quote": "343 P.2d 174", "context": "t could be inferred that he had possessed heroin. ...”\nIn People v. Hollins, 173 Cal.App.2d 88, 90 [343 P.2d 174], the arresting officer testified that he had known the suspect prior to the arrest as being connec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "343 P.2d 174", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1621f01d528e8489", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 8134, "end": 8140, "quote": "supra,", "context": " it turns up, the search of Simpson’s apartment was likewise unlawful. (Tompkins v. Superior Court, supra, 59 Cal.2d 65, 68; People v. Brown, supra, 205 Cal.App.2d 188, 192.)\nWe turn now to the question of ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f5e39117acb1f4a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 8141, "end": 8153, "quote": "59 Cal.2d 65", "context": "ns up, the search of Simpson’s apartment was likewise unlawful. (Tompkins v. Superior Court, supra, 59 Cal.2d 65, 68; People v. Brown, supra, 205 Cal.App.2d 188, 192.)\nWe turn now to the question of defendant’s s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 Cal. 2d 65", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_59/0065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cea13358c91bafbf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 8176, "end": 8182, "quote": "supra,", "context": "tment was likewise unlawful. (Tompkins v. Superior Court, supra, 59 Cal.2d 65, 68; People v. Brown, supra, 205 Cal.App.2d 188, 192.)\nWe turn now to the question of defendant’s standing to object to the use ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c618caf8d6eb4b19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 8183, "end": 8201, "quote": "205 Cal.App.2d 188", "context": "as likewise unlawful. (Tompkins v. Superior Court, supra, 59 Cal.2d 65, 68; People v. Brown, supra, 205 Cal.App.2d 188, 192.)\nWe turn now to the question of defendant’s standing to object to the use of evidence against", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "205 Cal. App. 2d 188", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
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{"id": "2bb759e87db1d6db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 8802, "end": 8815, "quote": "44 Cal.2d 434", "context": "ained by unlawful search and seizure as established in California with the case of People v. Cahan, 44 Cal.2d 434 [282 P.2d 905], was to act as a deterrent to prevent lawless enforcement of the law. The court stat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 Cal. 2d 434", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_44/0434_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "5e90a2fd60ea6bce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9485, "end": 9496, "quote": "347 U.S. 62", "context": "usionary rule is to prevent unlawful conduct by law enforcement officers. (Walder v. United States, 347 U.S. 62, 64-65 [74 S.Ct. 354, 98 L.Ed. 503]; United States v. Mitchell, 322 U.S. 65, 70-71 [64 S.Ct. 896, 8", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "347 U.S. 62", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
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{"id": "bd4965d3c93dbc41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9519, "end": 9531, "quote": "98 L.Ed. 503", "context": "ul conduct by law enforcement officers. (Walder v. United States, 347 U.S. 62, 64-65 [74 S.Ct. 354, 98 L.Ed. 503]; United States v. Mitchell, 322 U.S. 65, 70-71 [64 S.Ct. 896, 88 L.Ed. 1140]; McDonald v. United S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 L. Ed. 503", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0bd1dfa6ae7b9e75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9561, "end": 9572, "quote": "322 U.S. 65", "context": "alder v. United States, 347 U.S. 62, 64-65 [74 S.Ct. 354, 98 L.Ed. 503]; United States v. Mitchell, 322 U.S. 65, 70-71 [64 S.Ct. 896, 88 L.Ed. 1140]; McDonald v. United States, 335 U.S. 451, 456 [69 S.Ct. 191, 9", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "322 U.S. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0ccd9e27e876d6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9581, "end": 9593, "quote": "64 S.Ct. 896", "context": "es, 347 U.S. 62, 64-65 [74 S.Ct. 354, 98 L.Ed. 503]; United States v. Mitchell, 322 U.S. 65, 70-71 [64 S.Ct. 896, 88 L.Ed. 1140]; McDonald v. United States, 335 U.S. 451, 456 [69 S.Ct. 191, 93 L.Ed. 153]; Anderso", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 S. Ct. 896", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1318e0602550cee8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9595, "end": 9608, "quote": "88 L.Ed. 1140", "context": "2, 64-65 [74 S.Ct. 354, 98 L.Ed. 503]; United States v. Mitchell, 322 U.S. 65, 70-71 [64 S.Ct. 896, 88 L.Ed. 1140]; McDonald v. United States, 335 U.S. 451, 456 [69 S.Ct. 191, 93 L.Ed. 153]; Anderson v. United Sta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 L. Ed. 1140", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1948ae8f36e30255", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9638, "end": 9650, "quote": "335 U.S. 451", "context": "ed States v. Mitchell, 322 U.S. 65, 70-71 [64 S.Ct. 896, 88 L.Ed. 1140]; McDonald v. United States, 335 U.S. 451, 456 [69 S.Ct. 191, 93 L.Ed. 153]; Anderson v. United States, 318 U.S. 350, 356-357 [63 S.Ct. 599, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "335 U.S. 451", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bef7efcacfdd803f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9657, "end": 9669, "quote": "69 S.Ct. 191", "context": "ll, 322 U.S. 65, 70-71 [64 S.Ct. 896, 88 L.Ed. 1140]; McDonald v. United States, 335 U.S. 451, 456 [69 S.Ct. 191, 93 L.Ed. 153]; Anderson v. United States, 318 U.S. 350, 356-357 [63 S.Ct. 599, 87 L.Ed. 829].) The", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 S. Ct. 191", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42d8746f5410b385", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9671, "end": 9683, "quote": "93 L.Ed. 153", "context": "5, 70-71 [64 S.Ct. 896, 88 L.Ed. 1140]; McDonald v. United States, 335 U.S. 451, 456 [69 S.Ct. 191, 93 L.Ed. 153]; Anderson v. United States, 318 U.S. 350, 356-357 [63 S.Ct. 599, 87 L.Ed. 829].) The court further", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 153", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7ceda720822d0eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9713, "end": 9725, "quote": "318 U.S. 350", "context": "Donald v. United States, 335 U.S. 451, 456 [69 S.Ct. 191, 93 L.Ed. 153]; Anderson v. United States, 318 U.S. 350, 356-357 [63 S.Ct. 599, 87 L.Ed. 829].) The court further stated in People v. Martin, supra, at pag", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "318 U.S. 350", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ca8a4e107f83565", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9736, "end": 9748, "quote": "63 S.Ct. 599", "context": ", 335 U.S. 451, 456 [69 S.Ct. 191, 93 L.Ed. 153]; Anderson v. United States, 318 U.S. 350, 356-357 [63 S.Ct. 599, 87 L.Ed. 829].) The court further stated in People v. Martin, supra, at page 761, that a person’s ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 S. Ct. 599", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fceccc49e24bbd13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9750, "end": 9762, "quote": "87 L.Ed. 829", "context": ", 456 [69 S.Ct. 191, 93 L.Ed. 153]; Anderson v. United States, 318 U.S. 350, 356-357 [63 S.Ct. 599, 87 L.Ed. 829].) The court further stated in People v. Martin, supra, at page 761, that a person’s right to objec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 L. Ed. 829", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb2cfbdde46aef59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 9812, "end": 9818, "quote": "supra,", "context": " 318 U.S. 350, 356-357 [63 S.Ct. 599, 87 L.Ed. 829].) The court further stated in People v. Martin, supra, at page 761, that a person’s right to object to the use of evidence must be based, “. . . not on a ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b7681200ce0203f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 10467, "end": 10480, "quote": "46 Cal.2d 253", "context": "tained in violation of the particular defendant’s constitutional rights.” (See also People v. Gale, 46 Cal.2d 253, 257 [294 P.2d 13].)\nIn People v. Brown, supra, 205 Cal.App.2d 188, 192, this court had occasion to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 Cal. 2d 253", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_46/0253_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "97dbb0ce411b6050", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 10522, "end": 10528, "quote": "supra,", "context": "itutional rights.” (See also People v. Gale, 46 Cal.2d 253, 257 [294 P.2d 13].)\nIn People v. Brown, supra, 205 Cal.App.2d 188, 192, this court had occasion to touch on the problem stating the exclusionary r", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
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{"id": "e613faa7b4aab50f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 10875, "end": 10893, "quote": "153 Cal.App.2d 870", "context": "ghts of all persons to be secure in their homes, persons and effects.” (See also People v. Johnson, 153 Cal.App.2d 870, 877 [315 P.2d 468]; People v. Mills, 148 Cal.App.2d 392, 403 [306 P.2d 1005].)\nUnder the theory of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "153 Cal. App. 2d 870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_153/0870_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "b16a498d616005b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 10932, "end": 10950, "quote": "148 Cal.App.2d 392", "context": "and effects.” (See also People v. Johnson, 153 Cal.App.2d 870, 877 [315 P.2d 468]; People v. Mills, 148 Cal.App.2d 392, 403 [306 P.2d 1005].)\nUnder the theory of the exclusionary rule as laid down in People v. Cahan, 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "148 Cal. App. 2d 392", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_148/0392_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c242f5b5bc1444f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 10957, "end": 10970, "quote": "306 P.2d 1005", "context": "eople v. Johnson, 153 Cal.App.2d 870, 877 [315 P.2d 468]; People v. Mills, 148 Cal.App.2d 392, 403 [306 P.2d 1005].)\nUnder the theory of the exclusionary rule as laid down in People v. Cahan, 44 Cal.2d 34 [282 P.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "306 P.2d 1005", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb2001c1973f03ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 11049, "end": 11061, "quote": "44 Cal.2d 34", "context": "2, 403 [306 P.2d 1005].)\nUnder the theory of the exclusionary rule as laid down in People v. Cahan, 44 Cal.2d 34 [282 P.2d 905], defendant clearly does have standing to object to the introduction of the evidence ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 Cal. 2d 34", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3fca6bb4694c57c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_214/0772_01/index.html", "start": 11063, "end": 11075, "quote": "282 P.2d 905", "context": "2d 1005].)\nUnder the theory of the exclusionary rule as laid down in People v. Cahan, 44 Cal.2d 34 [282 P.2d 905], defendant clearly does have standing to object to the introduction of the evidence obtained as a ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "282 P.2d 905", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f9731887302ec25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_28/0658_01/index.html", "start": 3357, "end": 3373, "quote": "41 Cal. App. 633", "context": "eceived, and properly so, in support of appellant’s contention in this regard. (Hudson v. Barneson, 41 Cal. App. 633 [183 Pac. 274] ; Crawford v. France, 219 Cal. 439 [27 Pac. (2d) 645].) The testimony of plaintiff a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "41 Cal. App. 633", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app/volume_41/0633_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b2af446ff958a2d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_28/0658_01/index.html", "start": 3375, "end": 3387, "quote": "183 Pac. 274", "context": "rly so, in support of appellant’s contention in this regard. (Hudson v. Barneson, 41 Cal. App. 633 [183 Pac. 274] ; Crawford v. France, 219 Cal. 439 [27 Pac. (2d) 645].) The testimony of plaintiff and defendant w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "183 P. 274", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b4907c2f6ed518e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_28/0658_01/index.html", "start": 3411, "end": 3423, "quote": "219 Cal. 439", "context": "ntention in this regard. (Hudson v. Barneson, 41 Cal. App. 633 [183 Pac. 274] ; Crawford v. France, 219 Cal. 439 [27 Pac. (2d) 645].) The testimony of plaintiff and defendant was in direct conflict on this issue,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "219 Cal. 439", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal/volume_219/0439_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "112078e9a9b3f821", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_28/0658_01/index.html", "start": 3425, "end": 3441, "quote": "27 Pac. (2d) 645", "context": "is regard. (Hudson v. Barneson, 41 Cal. App. 633 [183 Pac. 274] ; Crawford v. France, 219 Cal. 439 [27 Pac. (2d) 645].) The testimony of plaintiff and defendant was in direct conflict on this issue, in connection wit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 P.2d 645", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9c068cdc2f53aa4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_93/0605_01/index.html", "start": 1529, "end": 1546, "quote": "91 Cal.App.2d 849", "context": "e trial court abused its discretion in granting a new trial.\nIn the recent case of Yost v. Johnson, 91 Cal.App.2d 849 [206 P.2d 13], this court considered a similar question and affirmed the order of the trial court g", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Cal. App. 2d 849", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_91/0849_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bf4e3db4a24439e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_93/0605_01/index.html", "start": 1548, "end": 1559, "quote": "206 P.2d 13", "context": "d its discretion in granting a new trial.\nIn the recent case of Yost v. Johnson, 91 Cal.App.2d 849 [206 P.2d 13], this court considered a similar question and affirmed the order of the trial court granting a new", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "206 P.2d 13", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "069b22af545787c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_93/0605_01/index.html", "start": 1777, "end": 1790, "quote": "27 Cal.2d 305", "context": "ited and quoted from the opinion of the Supreme Court in Brooks v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., 27 Cal.2d 305, 307 [163 P.2d 689], in which latter case it was said that in passing upon a motion for a new trial", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 Cal. 2d 305", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_27/0305_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6e2122cf92c4f48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_93/0605_01/index.html", "start": 1797, "end": 1809, "quote": "163 P.2d 689", "context": " the opinion of the Supreme Court in Brooks v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., 27 Cal.2d 305, 307 [163 P.2d 689], in which latter case it was said that in passing upon a motion for a new trial based upon the ins", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "163 P.2d 689", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf115f9b8c542f76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_93/0605_01/index.html", "start": 2358, "end": 2371, "quote": "28 Cal.2d 696", "context": "ill reverse the order of the trial court. We also quoted from Williams v. Field Transportation Co., 28 Cal.2d 696, 698 [171 P.2d 722], to the effect that an order granting a new trial upon the ground of the insuff", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 Cal. 2d 696", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_28/0696_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8d6b06b506776ce1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-2d/volume_93/0605_01/index.html", "start": 2378, "end": 2390, "quote": "171 P.2d 722", "context": "r of the trial court. We also quoted from Williams v. Field Transportation Co., 28 Cal.2d 696, 698 [171 P.2d 722], to the effect that an order granting a new trial upon the ground of the insufficiency of the evid", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "171 P.2d 722", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3930425ef1a3a460", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 995, "end": 1004, "quote": "section 4", "context": "elopers of new residential housing within the respective districts are valid as special taxes under section 4 of article XIII A of the California Constitution or, if not, (2) whether such exactions can otherwi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c94f51173a348594", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 1405, "end": 1414, "quote": "section 4", "context": "constitutional authority to impose special taxes. Such authority was not granted by article XIII A, section 4 and the special taxes imposed have not been authorized by the Legislature. Second, what the school ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8b36ea723d05410", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 2160, "end": 2170, "quote": "section 4.", "context": "jects. Thus, these special taxes were not imposed “on such district” as required by article XIII A, section 4. Finally, the Legislature has enacted strict financial limitations on the imposition of development ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e39c64e711b480ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 3344, "end": 3357, "quote": "22 Cal.3d 208", "context": "f real property. (See Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization (1978) 22 Cal.3d 208, 220 [149 Cal.Rptr. 239, 583 P.2d 1281].)\nAnother purpose of article XIII A, and the one most relev", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 Cal. 3d 208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_22/0208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "392aba602545f0bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 3364, "end": 3381, "quote": "149 Cal.Rptr. 239", "context": "e Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization (1978) 22 Cal.3d 208, 220 [149 Cal.Rptr. 239, 583 P.2d 1281].)\nAnother purpose of article XIII A, and the one most relevant here, was to restric", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "149 Cal. Rptr. 239", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "afbb806d87285a3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 3383, "end": 3396, "quote": "583 P.2d 1281", "context": "nt Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization (1978) 22 Cal.3d 208, 220 [149 Cal.Rptr. 239, 583 P.2d 1281].)\nAnother purpose of article XIII A, and the one most relevant here, was to restrict the right of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "583 P.2d 1281", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40b7b1f70003bec8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 3555, "end": 3564, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "evant here, was to restrict the right of local entities to raise revenue by means of special taxes. Section 4 of article XIIIA provides that such taxes must be approved by a two-thirds vote of the qualified vo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "008fc9f569acf632", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 3691, "end": 3694, "quote": "Id.", "context": "that such taxes must be approved by a two-thirds vote of the qualified voters of the local entity. (Id., at p. 220.)\nIn 1987 each school district adopted a resolution to submit to their respective distri", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c82cc9aa4f42c90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 3993, "end": 4002, "quote": "Section 4", "context": " capital outlay purposes, including construction, acquisition and leasing of new school facilities. Section 4 of article XIII A was cited as the authority for the imposition of such taxes through the election ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8dc6b9ea0ab63e23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 5339, "end": 5353, "quote": "section 53080.", "context": " a resolution providing for the levying of school facilities development fees under Government Code section 53080. A credit against the special taxes approved by the voters was to be allowed in an amount equal to a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1de1925e9b6fce3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 5519, "end": 5533, "quote": "section 53080.", "context": "be allowed in an amount equal to all such development fees paid to the school districts pursuant to section 53080.\nProcedural History\nOn June 23, 1987, Building Industry filed a complaint for declaratory and injunc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b563bbf4695bf062", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 5754, "end": 5760, "quote": "§ 1085", "context": "ng the validity of the special taxes, as well as a petition for a writ of mandate (Code Civ. Proc., § 1085) to compel school districts to authorize issuance of building permits without first requiring payme", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4fd148b40023acf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 6667, "end": 6676, "quote": "Section 4", "context": " presented to the voters and the subsequent legislative and initiative activity which it generated.\nSection 4 of article XIIIA states that cities, counties and special districts, by a two-thirds approval of th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cdc63e0fc31fe514", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 7825, "end": 7838, "quote": "Section 50075", "context": "ter approval of article XIII A, the Legislature moved promptly to provide such statutory authority. Section 50075 et seq., was added to the Government Code in 1979. (Stats. 1979, ch. 903, § 1, p. 3112, eff. Sept. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e71a5ee6f9e1105a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 7913, "end": 7916, "quote": "§ 1", "context": " authority. Section 50075 et seq., was added to the Government Code in 1979. (Stats. 1979, ch. 903, § 1, p. 3112, eff. Sept. 22, 1979.) As amended in 1980 (Stats. 1980, ch. 672, § 1, p. 1866, eff. July 2", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "438412d1fa597e05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 7991, "end": 7994, "quote": "§ 1", "context": "Stats. 1979, ch. 903, § 1, p. 3112, eff. Sept. 22, 1979.) As amended in 1980 (Stats. 1980, ch. 672, § 1, p. 1866, eff. July 20, 1980), section 50075 reads: “It is the intent of the Legislature to provide", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73dd57c9fd204634", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 8026, "end": 8039, "quote": "section 50075", "context": " eff. Sept. 22, 1979.) As amended in 1980 (Stats. 1980, ch. 672, § 1, p. 1866, eff. July 20, 1980), section 50075 reads: “It is the intent of the Legislature to provide all cities, counties, and districts with the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83be530026f78d92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 8575, "end": 8582, "quote": "§ 53720", "context": "was approved by California voters. It added eleven sections to the Government Code (commencing with § 53720), all directed to the issue of taxation by local governments and districts. Section 53721 defines “", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "088fac2e6b4f11a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 8659, "end": 8672, "quote": "Section 53721", "context": "commencing with § 53720), all directed to the issue of taxation by local governments and districts. Section 53721 defines “general taxes” as “taxes imposed for general governmental purposes” and “special taxes” as", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6629aa6d82be9795", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 8939, "end": 8948, "quote": "section 4", "context": " to the issues before us, the measure expressed the electorate’s view as to whether article XIII A, section 4, in and of itself, could be relied upon as a source of taxing authority. Section 53727 provides in ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d73f590961106b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 9022, "end": 9035, "quote": "Section 53727", "context": " article XIII A, section 4, in and of itself, could be relied upon as a source of taxing authority. Section 53727 provides in pertinent part, “(a) Neither this Article, nor Article XIIIA of the California Constitu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "492e432e70a12ad0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 9222, "end": 9235, "quote": "Section 50075", "context": "rnia Constitution, nor Article 3.5 of Division 1 of Title 5 of the Government Code (commencing with Section 50075) shall be construed to authorize any local government or district to impose any general or special ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4874d82717ee8a34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 9499, "end": 9508, "quote": "section 4", "context": "s added.) As we discuss in more detail below, this voter approved statutory enactment confirms that section 4 of article XIII A was not intended as a grant of a new taxing authority; moreover, this enactment s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f30892ddb037d2f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 9667, "end": 9680, "quote": "section 50075", "context": "ing authority; moreover, this enactment specifically withdrew the enabling legislation contained in section 50075 et seq.\nIn order to authorize, regulate and restrict the imposition and collection of development f", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6d7d6855d7303bd5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 9827, "end": 9840, "quote": "section 53080", "context": "strict the imposition and collection of development fees by school districts, the Legislature added section 53080 to the Government Code in 1986. (Stats. 1986, ch. 887, § 8, p. 3080; amended by Stats. 1986, ch. 88", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08e2c0cf306c529d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 9896, "end": 9899, "quote": "§ 8", "context": "stricts, the Legislature added section 53080 to the Government Code in 1986. (Stats. 1986, ch. 887, § 8, p. 3080; amended by Stats. 1986, ch. 888, § 6, p. 3090.) That section provides for the imposition ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4d3106467677654", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 9943, "end": 9946, "quote": "§ 6", "context": " the Government Code in 1986. (Stats. 1986, ch. 887, § 8, p. 3080; amended by Stats. 1986, ch. 888, § 6, p. 3090.) That section provides for the imposition by school districts of development fees but mak", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d8d0ba684175774", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 10119, "end": 10132, "quote": "section 65995", "context": "of development fees but makes them subject to certain limitations.\nThese limitations are set out in section 65995, which provides that the amount of any fee, charge, dedication, or other form of requirement levied", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9bffc4b3f3a29437", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 10239, "end": 10252, "quote": "section 53080", "context": " provides that the amount of any fee, charge, dedication, or other form of requirement levied under section 53080 shall not exceed, in the case of residential development, one dollar and fifty cents ($1.50) per sq", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4667a5c6d5e9543b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 10532, "end": 10542, "quote": "section 4.", "context": " no enabling legislation existed for school districts to impose special taxes under article XIII A, section 4. Therefore, the Legislature added section 50079 to the Government Code. (Stats. 1987, ch. 100, § 1, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d17a4f9233fe2a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 10576, "end": 10589, "quote": "section 50079", "context": "districts to impose special taxes under article XIII A, section 4. Therefore, the Legislature added section 50079 to the Government Code. (Stats. 1987, ch. 100, § 1, No. 2 Deering’s Adv. Legis. Service, p. 398.) T", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e392028a8be8ca83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 10637, "end": 10640, "quote": "§ 1", "context": "on 4. Therefore, the Legislature added section 50079 to the Government Code. (Stats. 1987, ch. 100, § 1, No. 2 Deering’s Adv. Legis. Service, p. 398.) That section became effective on July 2, 1987, just ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec9c5bbdd2536417", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 11203, "end": 11217, "quote": "section 43060.", "context": "ons and the importance which it attaches to this litigation, the Legislature enacted Education Code section 43060. (Stats. 1987, ch. 1187, § 3, No. 4 Deering’s Adv. Legis. Service, pp. 4339-4340.) That section beca", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95e453aff33e23c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 11242, "end": 11245, "quote": "§ 3", "context": "s to this litigation, the Legislature enacted Education Code section 43060. (Stats. 1987, ch. 1187, § 3, No. 4 Deering’s Adv. Legis. Service, pp. 4339-4340.) That section became effective September 26, 1", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6eb34ceb8f2957f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 11660, "end": 11667, "quote": "§ 43060", "context": "level and on appeal, “to the end that the action shall be quickly heard and determined.” (Ed. Code, § 43060, subd. (a).)\nWith this extensive, and sometimes confusing, background of legislative activity in mi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2fe975adf7eee927", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 11976, "end": 11985, "quote": "section 4", "context": "eal\nThere are four novel issues presented for resolution by this appeal: 1. Whether article XIII A, section 4 is a self-executing grant of taxing authority, so that enabling legislation for the imposition of a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4147ba3246b6c8e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 12253, "end": 12262, "quote": "section 4", "context": "d by voters in each of the school districts are special taxes within the meaning of article XIII A, section 4;\n3. Whether the exactions at issue here were imposed “on the district” within the meaning of articl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f018579237457965", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 12372, "end": 12381, "quote": "section 4", "context": "er the exactions at issue here were imposed “on the district” within the meaning of article XIII A, section 4; and\n4. Whether such exactions, if not valid as special taxes, can be sustained as development fees", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "528330abe5d480ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 12513, "end": 12522, "quote": "Section 4", "context": " if not valid as special taxes, can be sustained as development fees.\nDiscussion\n1. Article XIII A, Section 4, Is Not a Grant of a New Taxing Authority and the Special Taxes Imposed Here Are Invalid for Lack o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "015b2c0c3b32873c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 12711, "end": 12720, "quote": "Section 4", "context": " for Lack of Enabling Legislation\na. The Determination of the Meaning and Intent of Article XIII A, Section 4\nWe begin our analysis of article XIII A, section 4 by looking at the general scheme for legislative", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61748a707a99c27a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 12762, "end": 12771, "quote": "section 4", "context": "ion of the Meaning and Intent of Article XIII A, Section 4\nWe begin our analysis of article XIII A, section 4 by looking at the general scheme for legislative and taxing power in California. “[A] written const", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb5fbe3ce848448f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 13145, "end": 13160, "quote": "34 Cal.App. 660", "context": "sentially true, necessarily couched in general terms or language, ...” (Stephens v. Chambers (1917) 34 Cal.App. 660, 663 [168 P. 595].) “Unlike the federal Constitution, which is a grant of power to Congress, the Ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 Cal. App. 660", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app/volume_34/0660_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0d7bd57780c1201f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 13167, "end": 13177, "quote": "168 P. 595", "context": "arily couched in general terms or language, ...” (Stephens v. Chambers (1917) 34 Cal.App. 660, 663 [168 P. 595].) “Unlike the federal Constitution, which is a grant of power to Congress, the California Constitu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "168 P. 595", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4d118a4c6584705", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 13891, "end": 13903, "quote": "6 Cal.2d 230", "context": "e is authorized to do an act, but only to see if it is prohibited.’ (Fitts v. Superior Court (1936) 6 Cal.2d 230, 234 . . . .) [fl] Secondly, all intendments favor the exercise of the Legislature’s plenary author", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "6 Cal. 2d 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_6/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bbc9c4dc49b2bdc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 14186, "end": 14199, "quote": "24 Cal.2d 912", "context": " the doubt should be resolved in favor of the Legislature’s action. . . .’ (Collins v. Riley (1944) 24 Cal.2d 912, 916 . . . .)” (Methodist Hosp. of Sacramento v. Saylor (1971) 5 Cal.3d 685, 691 [97 Cal.Rptr. 1, 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 Cal. 2d 912", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_24/0912_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "48227874b9302cce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 14263, "end": 14275, "quote": "5 Cal.3d 685", "context": "ollins v. Riley (1944) 24 Cal.2d 912, 916 . . . .)” (Methodist Hosp. of Sacramento v. Saylor (1971) 5 Cal.3d 685, 691 [97 Cal.Rptr. 1, 488 P.2d 161].) This broad legislative power includes the field of taxation.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 Cal. 3d 685", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_5/0685_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "20a111d84017d296", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 14282, "end": 14296, "quote": "97 Cal.Rptr. 1", "context": "44) 24 Cal.2d 912, 916 . . . .)” (Methodist Hosp. of Sacramento v. Saylor (1971) 5 Cal.3d 685, 691 [97 Cal.Rptr. 1, 488 P.2d 161].) This broad legislative power includes the field of taxation.\n“Generally the Legisl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 Cal. Rptr. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de7c5b596539bf0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 14298, "end": 14310, "quote": "488 P.2d 161", "context": "2, 916 . . . .)” (Methodist Hosp. of Sacramento v. Saylor (1971) 5 Cal.3d 685, 691 [97 Cal.Rptr. 1, 488 P.2d 161].) This broad legislative power includes the field of taxation.\n“Generally the Legislature is supre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 P.2d 161", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7acb243c93ec7c01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 14707, "end": 14720, "quote": "25 Cal.2d 561", "context": " of taxation is limited only by constitutional restrictions. [Citations.]” Delaney v. Lowery (1944) 25 Cal.2d 561, 568 [154 P.2d 674]; accord First City Bank v. Franchise Tax Bd. (1977) 70 Cal.App.3d 444, 455 [139", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 Cal. 2d 561", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_25/0561_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9b92115b0e687b15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 14727, "end": 14739, "quote": "154 P.2d 674", "context": "ted only by constitutional restrictions. [Citations.]” Delaney v. Lowery (1944) 25 Cal.2d 561, 568 [154 P.2d 674]; accord First City Bank v. Franchise Tax Bd. (1977) 70 Cal.App.3d 444, 455 [139 Cal.Rptr. 12].) “I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "154 P.2d 674", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8cba53c8c4a52f12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 14793, "end": 14810, "quote": "70 Cal.App.3d 444", "context": "Lowery (1944) 25 Cal.2d 561, 568 [154 P.2d 674]; accord First City Bank v. Franchise Tax Bd. (1977) 70 Cal.App.3d 444, 455 [139 Cal.Rptr. 12].) “In other words, the Legislature’s authority to impose taxes and regulate", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 Cal. App. 3d 444", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_70/0444_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e6b37672982e7e8d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 14817, "end": 14833, "quote": "139 Cal.Rptr. 12", "context": "561, 568 [154 P.2d 674]; accord First City Bank v. Franchise Tax Bd. (1977) 70 Cal.App.3d 444, 455 [139 Cal.Rptr. 12].) “In other words, the Legislature’s authority to impose taxes and regulate the collection thereof", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 Cal. Rptr. 12", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a3720885730fdbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 15056, "end": 15074, "quote": "146 Cal.App.3d 597", "context": "een expressly eliminated by the Constitution. [Citation.]” (Armstrong v. County of San Mateo (1983) 146 Cal.App.3d 597, 624 [194 Cal.Rptr. 294]; accord Hibernia Bank v. State Bd. of Equalization (1985) 166 Cal.App.3d 3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "146 Cal. App. 3d 597", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_146/0597_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67ebf23705bca762", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 15081, "end": 15098, "quote": "194 Cal.Rptr. 294", "context": "by the Constitution. [Citation.]” (Armstrong v. County of San Mateo (1983) 146 Cal.App.3d 597, 624 [194 Cal.Rptr. 294]; accord Hibernia Bank v. State Bd. of Equalization (1985) 166 Cal.App.3d 393, 400 [212 Cal.Rptr. 5", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "194 Cal. Rptr. 294", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2dae5cc1063b7405", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 15158, "end": 15176, "quote": "166 Cal.App.3d 393", "context": "6 Cal.App.3d 597, 624 [194 Cal.Rptr. 294]; accord Hibernia Bank v. State Bd. of Equalization (1985) 166 Cal.App.3d 393, 400 [212 Cal.Rptr. 556].)\nAs already noted, California’s 1978 voter information pamphlet informed ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "166 Cal. App. 3d 393", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_166/0393_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7b49e1797004050f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 15183, "end": 15200, "quote": "212 Cal.Rptr. 556", "context": "4 Cal.Rptr. 294]; accord Hibernia Bank v. State Bd. of Equalization (1985) 166 Cal.App.3d 393, 400 [212 Cal.Rptr. 556].)\nAs already noted, California’s 1978 voter information pamphlet informed its citizens that the Le", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "212 Cal. Rptr. 556", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc14d4e09904f037", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 15612, "end": 15622, "quote": "section 24", "context": "proval. The reference to the existing constitutional provisions most likely refers to article XIII, section 24 (formerly art. XI, § 12) which was added to the Constitution in November 1974 and which states in p", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07b7a1aece68fcdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 15642, "end": 15646, "quote": "§ 12", "context": "xisting constitutional provisions most likely refers to article XIII, section 24 (formerly art. XI, § 12) which was added to the Constitution in November 1974 and which states in pertinent part: “The Legi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7256c64a99caa307", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 15891, "end": 15901, "quote": "section 24", "context": "es but may authorize local governments to impose them.” (Italics added.)\nIt has long been held that section 24 does not of itself vest a local governing body with inherent taxing power. The power to tax comes f", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9cf5a864535c4fcc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16175, "end": 16186, "quote": "93 Cal. 414", "context": " local governing body to collect the taxes specified in those general laws. (Hughes v. Ewing (1892) 93 Cal. 414, 418 [28 P. 1067]; Myers v. City Council of Pismo Beach (1966) 241 Cal.App.2d 237, 240-241 [50 Cal.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 Cal. 414", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal/volume_93/0414_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06b119c5ad7d28eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16193, "end": 16203, "quote": "28 P. 1067", "context": "ody to collect the taxes specified in those general laws. (Hughes v. Ewing (1892) 93 Cal. 414, 418 [28 P. 1067]; Myers v. City Council of Pismo Beach (1966) 241 Cal.App.2d 237, 240-241 [50 Cal.Rptr. 402]; Peppi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 P. 1067", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8b666e9a6d37ac9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16250, "end": 16268, "quote": "241 Cal.App.2d 237", "context": " (Hughes v. Ewing (1892) 93 Cal. 414, 418 [28 P. 1067]; Myers v. City Council of Pismo Beach (1966) 241 Cal.App.2d 237, 240-241 [50 Cal.Rptr. 402]; Peppin, Municipal Home Rule in California: IV (1946) 34 Cal.L.Rev. 644", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "241 Cal. App. 2d 237", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-2d/volume_241/0237_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "58ead66dbb101149", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16279, "end": 16295, "quote": "50 Cal.Rptr. 402", "context": "al. 414, 418 [28 P. 1067]; Myers v. City Council of Pismo Beach (1966) 241 Cal.App.2d 237, 240-241 [50 Cal.Rptr. 402]; Peppin, Municipal Home Rule in California: IV (1946) 34 Cal.L.Rev. 644, 667-668 (hereafter Munici", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 Cal. Rptr. 402", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e8a229e40c7c713e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16673, "end": 16686, "quote": "46 Cal.2d 856", "context": "ion, not relevant here, exists with respect to chartered cities and counties. (In re Gritton (1956) 46 Cal.2d 856, 858-859 [300 P.2d 7]; Myers, supra, at p.240; Municipal Home Rule, supra, at p. 668.)\nThe school d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 Cal. 2d 856", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_46/0856_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "617fadc52a314a1a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16697, "end": 16707, "quote": "300 P.2d 7", "context": "exists with respect to chartered cities and counties. (In re Gritton (1956) 46 Cal.2d 856, 858-859 [300 P.2d 7]; Myers, supra, at p.240; Municipal Home Rule, supra, at p. 668.)\nThe school districts argue that a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "300 P.2d 7", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9fafecc85c9ea1fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16717, "end": 16732, "quote": "supra, at p.240", "context": "to chartered cities and counties. (In re Gritton (1956) 46 Cal.2d 856, 858-859 [300 P.2d 7]; Myers, supra, at p.240; Municipal Home Rule, supra, at p. 668.)\nThe school districts argue that article XIII A, section 4 ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "197d9920ee48ed69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16755, "end": 16771, "quote": "supra, at p. 668", "context": "re Gritton (1956) 46 Cal.2d 856, 858-859 [300 P.2d 7]; Myers, supra, at p.240; Municipal Home Rule, supra, at p. 668.)\nThe school districts argue that article XIII A, section 4 was intended as a departure from the hi", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11c2ceac18689aae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16822, "end": 16831, "quote": "section 4", "context": ", at p.240; Municipal Home Rule, supra, at p. 668.)\nThe school districts argue that article XIII A, section 4 was intended as a departure from the history applicable to article XIII, section 24. They insist se", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5452599e686ba68b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16905, "end": 16916, "quote": "section 24.", "context": " article XIII A, section 4 was intended as a departure from the history applicable to article XIII, section 24. They insist section 4 does not require “enabling” legislation but rather is self-executing; that is", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c46bedfdc34bff83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 16929, "end": 16938, "quote": "section 4", "context": " 4 was intended as a departure from the history applicable to article XIII, section 24. They insist section 4 does not require “enabling” legislation but rather is self-executing; that is, its very language em", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de1f6b0f8fc70be6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 17198, "end": 17207, "quote": "section 4", "context": "es the opposite.\nThus, our initial inquiry is to determine whether the provision in article XIII A, section 4, which states that cities, counties and special districts may impose special taxes, is (1) simply a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d681451174918f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 17659, "end": 17668, "quote": "section 4", "context": "to its own hands and away from the Legislature where it has traditionally reposed. Simply put, does section 4 merely impose a further restriction on legislatively approved taxes or does it grant inherent taxin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc38f1f1bdc529f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 17840, "end": 17849, "quote": "section 4", "context": "does it grant inherent taxing power?\nThe answer is less clear than the school districts’ reading of section 4 would suggest. It seems beyond argument that section 4 is ambiguous in several respects. As the Sup", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f8c770a342b09d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 17895, "end": 17904, "quote": "section 4", "context": " clear than the school districts’ reading of section 4 would suggest. It seems beyond argument that section 4 is ambiguous in several respects. As the Supreme Court noted in Los Angeles County Transportation C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94e931bbdd410575", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 18021, "end": 18027, "quote": "supra,", "context": "several respects. As the Supreme Court noted in Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal.3d 197, “This court recognized in Amador that the language of article XIII A is ‘imprecise a", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "31 Cal. 3d 197", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_31/0197_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "34f2257f7d0f37f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 18028, "end": 18041, "quote": "31 Cal.3d 197", "context": " respects. As the Supreme Court noted in Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal.3d 197, “This court recognized in Amador that the language of article XIII A is ‘imprecise and ambiguous’ ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "31 Cal. 3d 197", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_31/0197_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "85df7210916caf82", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 18234, "end": 18244, "quote": "section 4.", "context": "guous’ in a number of particulars. Nowhere is this imprecision more evident than in the language of section 4. The first aspect of the provision which strikes a reader is that its terms are permissive rather th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59a2cd19a5f07940", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 18598, "end": 18607, "quote": "section 4", "context": "rom doing so without the concurrence of that number of voters. Nevertheless, we held in Amador that section 4 is actually a limitation on the imposition of ‘special taxes’ because it requires a two-thirds vote", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "690b07014646bdba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 18762, "end": 18771, "quote": "section 4", "context": " taxes’ because it requires a two-thirds vote for their approval. [Citation.] [fl] The ambiguity in section 4 extends also to the terms ‘special taxes’ and ‘special districts.’ ” (Id., at p. 201, fn. omitted.)", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9a63bcace265133", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 18842, "end": 18845, "quote": "Id.", "context": "l] The ambiguity in section 4 extends also to the terms ‘special taxes’ and ‘special districts.’ ” (Id., at p. 201, fn. omitted.)\nIn addition, the extrinsic evidence of the voter information pamphlet sho", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82e7ccfc019779f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 18953, "end": 18962, "quote": "section 4", "context": "201, fn. omitted.)\nIn addition, the extrinsic evidence of the voter information pamphlet shows that section 4 has the latent ambiguity presented by the conflicting positions of the parties. (Mosk v. Superior C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "712547ddfd41fd92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19074, "end": 19087, "quote": "25 Cal.3d 474", "context": "ent ambiguity presented by the conflicting positions of the parties. (Mosk v. Superior Court (1979) 25 Cal.3d 474, 495, fn. 18 [159 Cal.Rptr. 494, 601 P.2d 1030].) Where such ambiguities exist, several recognized ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 Cal. 3d 474", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_25/0474_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "27838c8dadd3d4b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19102, "end": 19119, "quote": "159 Cal.Rptr. 494", "context": "he conflicting positions of the parties. (Mosk v. Superior Court (1979) 25 Cal.3d 474, 495, fn. 18 [159 Cal.Rptr. 494, 601 P.2d 1030].) Where such ambiguities exist, several recognized rules of construction can be app", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "159 Cal. Rptr. 494", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0088321c116b49bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19121, "end": 19134, "quote": "601 P.2d 1030", "context": "tions of the parties. (Mosk v. Superior Court (1979) 25 Cal.3d 474, 495, fn. 18 [159 Cal.Rptr. 494, 601 P.2d 1030].) Where such ambiguities exist, several recognized rules of construction can be applied to resolve", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "601 P.2d 1030", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c95b6601016e6024", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19267, "end": 19280, "quote": "28 Cal.3d 107", "context": " several recognized rules of construction can be applied to resolve them. (Stanton v. Punish (1980) 28 Cal.3d 107, 115 [167 Cal.Rptr. 584, 615 P.2d 1372].)\n(1) Harmonization of Separate Provisions\nFirst, constitut", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 Cal. 3d 107", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_28/0107_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "32c95827cda48a19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19287, "end": 19304, "quote": "167 Cal.Rptr. 584", "context": "rules of construction can be applied to resolve them. (Stanton v. Punish (1980) 28 Cal.3d 107, 115 [167 Cal.Rptr. 584, 615 P.2d 1372].)\n(1) Harmonization of Separate Provisions\nFirst, constitutional provisions must no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "167 Cal. Rptr. 584", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c41fca6fecd2c51c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19306, "end": 19319, "quote": "615 P.2d 1372", "context": "on can be applied to resolve them. (Stanton v. Punish (1980) 28 Cal.3d 107, 115 [167 Cal.Rptr. 584, 615 P.2d 1372].)\n(1) Harmonization of Separate Provisions\nFirst, constitutional provisions must not be examined i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "615 P.2d 1372", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f009a077a5b25a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19542, "end": 19555, "quote": "18 Cal.3d 322", "context": "in view of other provisions in the Constitution which bear on the same subject (Fields v. Eu (1976) 18 Cal.3d 322, 328 [134 Cal.Rptr. 367, 556 P.2d 729]) so that the respective provisions can be harmonized (1) to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 Cal. 3d 322", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_18/0322_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce6efad125fbd39e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19562, "end": 19579, "quote": "134 Cal.Rptr. 367", "context": "visions in the Constitution which bear on the same subject (Fields v. Eu (1976) 18 Cal.3d 322, 328 [134 Cal.Rptr. 367, 556 P.2d 729]) so that the respective provisions can be harmonized (1) to avoid conflict (Stanton ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 Cal. Rptr. 367", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07b38c1aa4fbe259", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19581, "end": 19593, "quote": "556 P.2d 729", "context": "titution which bear on the same subject (Fields v. Eu (1976) 18 Cal.3d 322, 328 [134 Cal.Rptr. 367, 556 P.2d 729]) so that the respective provisions can be harmonized (1) to avoid conflict (Stanton v. Panish, sup", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "556 P.2d 729", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b72b939f58ff4857", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19690, "end": 19695, "quote": "supra", "context": "729]) so that the respective provisions can be harmonized (1) to avoid conflict (Stanton v. Panish, supra, 28 Cal.3d at p. 115), (2) to give effect to the scheme as a whole (Fields v. Eu, supra, at p. 328)", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cf0ac22518ce6020", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19697, "end": 19716, "quote": "28 Cal.3d at p. 115", "context": "o that the respective provisions can be harmonized (1) to avoid conflict (Stanton v. Panish, supra, 28 Cal.3d at p. 115), (2) to give effect to the scheme as a whole (Fields v. Eu, supra, at p. 328) and (3) to avoid an ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "28 Cal. 3d 107", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_28/0107_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dae971e7e4c3724b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19778, "end": 19794, "quote": "supra, at p. 328", "context": " v. Panish, supra, 28 Cal.3d at p. 115), (2) to give effect to the scheme as a whole (Fields v. Eu, supra, at p. 328) and (3) to avoid an implied repeal or partial repeal of a constitutional provision (Board of Super", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d9386cc677153ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19920, "end": 19933, "quote": "27 Cal.3d 855", "context": "ied repeal or partial repeal of a constitutional provision (Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan (1980) 27 Cal.3d 855, 868-869 [167 Cal.Rptr. 820, 616 P.2d 802]).\nThe subject at hand is taxation; thus, article XIII, e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 Cal. 3d 855", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_27/0855_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2b333baef39c27c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19944, "end": 19961, "quote": "167 Cal.Rptr. 820", "context": "peal of a constitutional provision (Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan (1980) 27 Cal.3d 855, 868-869 [167 Cal.Rptr. 820, 616 P.2d 802]).\nThe subject at hand is taxation; thus, article XIII, entitled “Taxation” must be e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "167 Cal. Rptr. 820", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9db8af61c71fa8af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 19963, "end": 19975, "quote": "616 P.2d 802", "context": "ional provision (Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan (1980) 27 Cal.3d 855, 868-869 [167 Cal.Rptr. 820, 616 P.2d 802]).\nThe subject at hand is taxation; thus, article XIII, entitled “Taxation” must be examined in con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "616 P.2d 802", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84d6bd99d6e0d5a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 20158, "end": 20167, "quote": "section 4", "context": "e examined in conjunction with article XIII A, which is entitled “Tax Limitation.” To conclude that section 4 is self-executing would result in an unnecessary and destructive conflict with the established proc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "537f857bb387784f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 20291, "end": 20295, "quote": "§ 24", "context": " result in an unnecessary and destructive conflict with the established procedure (under art. XIII, § 24) that local governing bodies look to the Legislature for permission to tax.\n(2) Avoidance of Implie", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb64611ccb03cf42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 20435, "end": 20444, "quote": "section 4", "context": "e Legislature for permission to tax.\n(2) Avoidance of Implied Partial Repeal\nSuch a construction of section 4 would also result in an implied partial repeal of article XIII, section 24 insofar as the local tax", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88cfa81c397c61be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 20509, "end": 20519, "quote": "section 24", "context": "al\nSuch a construction of section 4 would also result in an implied partial repeal of article XIII, section 24 insofar as the local tax is a “special tax.” This is a result to be avoided whenever possible. “So ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40cdb9ae2f041dfe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 20985, "end": 20998, "quote": "10 Cal.2d 160", "context": "at it was intended to be a substitute for the first.’ [Penziner v. West American Finance Co. (1937) 10 Cal.2d 160, 176]” (Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan, supra, 27 Cal.3d at p. 868.) “The presumption is against ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "10 Cal. 2d 160", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fda7f75dd46a6bd4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 21041, "end": 21046, "quote": "supra", "context": "enziner v. West American Finance Co. (1937) 10 Cal.2d 160, 176]” (Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan, supra, 27 Cal.3d at p. 868.) “The presumption is against repeals by implication, especially where the pri", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "154f095652b8914f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 21048, "end": 21067, "quote": "27 Cal.3d at p. 868", "context": " v. West American Finance Co. (1937) 10 Cal.2d 160, 176]” (Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan, supra, 27 Cal.3d at p. 868.) “The presumption is against repeals by implication, especially where the prior act has been gener", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "27 Cal. 3d 855", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_27/0855_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a2604298ca1e9e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 21506, "end": 21519, "quote": "10 Cal.2d 160", "context": "rity of both statutes if the two may stand together.” (Penziner v. West American Finance Co. (1937) 10 Cal.2d 160, 176 [74 P.2d 252].)\nHere, we cannot say that section 4 of article XIII A (or even article XIII A a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "10 Cal. 2d 160", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9058d0d046b3eae9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 21526, "end": 21537, "quote": "74 P.2d 252", "context": "s if the two may stand together.” (Penziner v. West American Finance Co. (1937) 10 Cal.2d 160, 176 [74 P.2d 252].)\nHere, we cannot say that section 4 of article XIII A (or even article XIII A as a whole) was int", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 P.2d 252", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97357614606dfa63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 21566, "end": 21575, "quote": "section 4", "context": "ner v. West American Finance Co. (1937) 10 Cal.2d 160, 176 [74 P.2d 252].)\nHere, we cannot say that section 4 of article XIII A (or even article XIII A as a whole) was intended to be a revision of the entire s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79359c68599b1f63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 21728, "end": 21738, "quote": "section 24", "context": ") was intended to be a revision of the entire subject of taxation and intended to partially replace section 24 of article XIII. As noted above, section 24 has long been held to require enabling legislation for ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8f9ee7664b22104c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 21772, "end": 21782, "quote": "section 24", "context": "e subject of taxation and intended to partially replace section 24 of article XIII. As noted above, section 24 has long been held to require enabling legislation for local taxation, and has thus been “generally", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "775ae837b018dc0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 21982, "end": 21992, "quote": "section 24", "context": " understood and acted upon.” (Ibid.)\nFurther, there is no need to find an implied partial repeal of section 24 because article XIII A, section 4 is not irreconcilable with section 24. The two sections can have ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dce1a989a7cbe25a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22017, "end": 22026, "quote": "section 4", "context": ")\nFurther, there is no need to find an implied partial repeal of section 24 because article XIII A, section 4 is not irreconcilable with section 24. The two sections can have concurrent operation by construing", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50c5e71ad92370a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22054, "end": 22065, "quote": "section 24.", "context": "n implied partial repeal of section 24 because article XIII A, section 4 is not irreconcilable with section 24. The two sections can have concurrent operation by construing section 4 as merely a restriction on a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8072a26284f108cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22127, "end": 22136, "quote": "section 4", "context": "is not irreconcilable with section 24. The two sections can have concurrent operation by construing section 4 as merely a restriction on a local governing body’s ability to impose local taxes (by requiring a t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88c4637878e3d34f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22306, "end": 22315, "quote": "section 4", "context": " local taxes (by requiring a two-thirds approval of the taxes). Such a construction was placed upon section 4 in Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal.3d at p. 2", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e281c013bfe2e79e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22391, "end": 22396, "quote": "supra", "context": "as placed upon section 4 in Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal.3d at p. 220 and reiterated in Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 3", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "57045bd64786cf86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22398, "end": 22414, "quote": "22 Cal.3d at p. ", "context": "ed upon section 4 in Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal.3d at p. 220 and reiterated in Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal.3d at p. 201", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "22 Cal. 3d 208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_22/0208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b38d9b0116b44ebb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22488, "end": 22493, "quote": "supra", "context": "n, supra, 22 Cal.3d at p. 220 and reiterated in Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal.3d at p. 201.\n(3) Intent of the Electorate\n“Where a provision in the Constitution is ambigu", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18541671364f9acc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22495, "end": 22514, "quote": "31 Cal.3d at p. 201", "context": "a, 22 Cal.3d at p. 220 and reiterated in Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal.3d at p. 201.\n(3) Intent of the Electorate\n“Where a provision in the Constitution is ambiguous, a court must ord", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "31 Cal. 3d 197", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_31/0197_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5237ca024c251a88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22779, "end": 22785, "quote": "supra,", "context": "d objective of. . . the people by whose vote it was adopted. [Citations.]” (Mosk v. Superior Court, supra, 25 Cal.3d at p.495; accord Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan, supra, 27 Cal.3d at p. 863.) To ascert", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84abf3bb7fac3866", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22847, "end": 22852, "quote": "supra", "context": "ons.]” (Mosk v. Superior Court, supra, 25 Cal.3d at p.495; accord Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan, supra, 27 Cal.3d at p. 863.) To ascertain this intent and objective, a court may consider the materials p", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f327824c61b489f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 22854, "end": 22873, "quote": "27 Cal.3d at p. 863", "context": "(Mosk v. Superior Court, supra, 25 Cal.3d at p.495; accord Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan, supra, 27 Cal.3d at p. 863.) To ascertain this intent and objective, a court may consider the materials presented to the voter", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "27 Cal. 3d 855", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_27/0855_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "beb3c650e8fa4c5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 23051, "end": 23063, "quote": "32 Cal.3d 47", "context": "presented to the voters in the ballot pamphlet. (City and County of San Francisco v. Farrell (1982) 32 Cal.3d 47, 52 [184 Cal.Rptr. 713, 648 P.2d 935]; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Eq", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 Cal. 3d 47", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_32/0047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e869ee5bc5a1603b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 23069, "end": 23086, "quote": "184 Cal.Rptr. 713", "context": "oters in the ballot pamphlet. (City and County of San Francisco v. Farrell (1982) 32 Cal.3d 47, 52 [184 Cal.Rptr. 713, 648 P.2d 935]; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "184 Cal. Rptr. 713", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94c46a9f15cd4acc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 23088, "end": 23100, "quote": "648 P.2d 935", "context": " pamphlet. (City and County of San Francisco v. Farrell (1982) 32 Cal.3d 47, 52 [184 Cal.Rptr. 713, 648 P.2d 935]; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal.3d at pp. 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "648 P.2d 935", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c5ea64c60257282", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 23175, "end": 23181, "quote": "supra,", "context": "l.Rptr. 713, 648 P.2d 935]; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal.3d at pp. 245-246.)\nIn reviewing the relevant 1978 voter pamphlet, it can easily be inferred", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72ed5f74253036e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 23825, "end": 23830, "quote": "supra", "context": "r Supreme Court in Amador. (Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal.3d at p. 231.) Thus, to maximize the clear intent of article XIII A requires a conclusion t", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5aeb179a2265a41c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 23832, "end": 23851, "quote": "22 Cal.3d at p. 231", "context": "me Court in Amador. (Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal.3d at p. 231.) Thus, to maximize the clear intent of article XIII A requires a conclusion that enabling legislat", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "22 Cal. 3d 208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_22/0208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ac234730a5a67814", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 24039, "end": 24049, "quote": "section 4.", "context": "ing legislation is required before a special district can enact a special tax under article XIII A, section 4.\n(4) Primacy of Legislative Interpretation and Construction\nBuilding Industry correctly argues that ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63de7b84defbe385", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 24188, "end": 24197, "quote": "section 4", "context": "ion and Construction\nBuilding Industry correctly argues that in determining whether article XIII A, section 4 is self-executing we should also apply the rule of construction which states that ambiguities in an", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab85d0b9386a7e68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 24541, "end": 24547, "quote": "supra,", "context": "gency charged with implementing the enactment. (Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal.3d at pp. 202-203; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, s", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "31 Cal. 3d 197", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_31/0197_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1d14c7047522ed0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 24646, "end": 24651, "quote": "supra", "context": ", 31 Cal.3d at pp. 202-203; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal.3d at p. 245.) “[W]here a constitutional provision may well have either of two meanings, it", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a52cbeea415ad1f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 24653, "end": 24672, "quote": "22 Cal.3d at p. 245", "context": "l.3d at pp. 202-203; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal.3d at p. 245.) “[W]here a constitutional provision may well have either of two meanings, it is a fundamental rul", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "22 Cal. 3d 208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_22/0208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e3264924f547db7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 24978, "end": 24990, "quote": "183 Cal. 273", "context": "espect is well nigh, if not completely, controlling.” (San Francisco v. Industrial Acc. Com. (1920) 183 Cal. 273, 279 [191 P. 26]; accord Armstrong v. County of San Mateo, supra, 146 Cal.App.3d at p. 623.)\nThat r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "183 Cal. 273", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal/volume_183/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4c062cb7fa4505bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 24997, "end": 25006, "quote": "191 P. 26", "context": ", if not completely, controlling.” (San Francisco v. Industrial Acc. Com. (1920) 183 Cal. 273, 279 [191 P. 26]; accord Armstrong v. County of San Mateo, supra, 146 Cal.App.3d at p. 623.)\nThat rule has been exp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "191 P. 26", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "515db42c6d5eef8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 25050, "end": 25055, "quote": "supra", "context": "Industrial Acc. Com. (1920) 183 Cal. 273, 279 [191 P. 26]; accord Armstrong v. County of San Mateo, supra, 146 Cal.App.3d at p. 623.)\nThat rule has been expressly applied to article XIII A, section 4 by th", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3827bfcb2df0c6bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 25057, "end": 25081, "quote": "146 Cal.App.3d at p. 623", "context": "ial Acc. Com. (1920) 183 Cal. 273, 279 [191 P. 26]; accord Armstrong v. County of San Mateo, supra, 146 Cal.App.3d at p. 623.)\nThat rule has been expressly applied to article XIII A, section 4 by the Richmond court. As noted", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "146 Cal. App. 3d 597", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_146/0597_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "80e8889caecfd2e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 25140, "end": 25149, "quote": "section 4", "context": "an Mateo, supra, 146 Cal.App.3d at p. 623.)\nThat rule has been expressly applied to article XIII A, section 4 by the Richmond court. As noted above, the court specifically stated that sections 50075 to 50077 w", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90dafc89b64b796f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 25224, "end": 25238, "quote": "sections 50075", "context": "article XIII A, section 4 by the Richmond court. As noted above, the court specifically stated that sections 50075 to 50077 were intended by the Legislature as enabling legislation for section 4. (Los Angeles Count", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07141a39fada8b02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 25309, "end": 25319, "quote": "section 4.", "context": "ly stated that sections 50075 to 50077 were intended by the Legislature as enabling legislation for section 4. (Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal. 3d at p. 207.) A review of the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6efe4dc21f1638ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 25373, "end": 25378, "quote": "supra", "context": "slature as enabling legislation for section 4. (Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal. 3d at p. 207.) A review of the legislative history for these sections bears this out.\nSect", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc6b4ef914471f25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 25380, "end": 25400, "quote": "31 Cal. 3d at p. 207", "context": " as enabling legislation for section 4. (Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal. 3d at p. 207.) A review of the legislative history for these sections bears this out.\nSections 50075 to 50077 we", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "31 Cal. 3d 197", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_31/0197_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a3ae72ad98019ea2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 25474, "end": 25488, "quote": "Sections 50075", "context": "upra, 31 Cal. 3d at p. 207.) A review of the legislative history for these sections bears this out.\nSections 50075 to 50077 were proposed as Senate Bill No. 785, in the 1979-1980 Regular Session of the Legislature.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47f9ca3f71e026eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 25857, "end": 25866, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "t states in part: “There are two views on the special tax authority granted to local governments by Section 4 of Article XIII A. According to the first view, Section 4 is an independent grant of authority unde", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31c4f9a64844daa3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 25915, "end": 25924, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "authority granted to local governments by Section 4 of Article XIII A. According to the first view, Section 4 is an independent grant of authority under which any city, county or special district may impose a ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6720850e609c933", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 26236, "end": 26243, "quote": "§ 50075", "context": "authority to impose such a tax. If this argument is accepted . . . the intent language of [proposed § 50075] is superfluous and unnecessary. . . . []f] The second view is that a local government may not impo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b661a8c21a2c36d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 26374, "end": 26383, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "y. . . . []f] The second view is that a local government may not impose any special tax pursuant to Section 4 of Article XIII A unless the local government is specifically authorized by statute to impose such ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a622cb2a79384b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 27319, "end": 27332, "quote": "section 85100", "context": "ts understanding and belief that such enabling legislation is required. For example, Education Code section 85100 demonstrates the Legislature’s belief in its right to place limitations on special taxes imposed un", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c7d43d61e8eb011e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 27452, "end": 27462, "quote": "section 4.", "context": "gislature’s belief in its right to place limitations on special taxes imposed under article XIII A, section 4. The enactment of Health and Safety Code section 2871.8 in 1984, six years after the passage of arti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e9a73348534eaa70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 27503, "end": 27517, "quote": "section 2871.8", "context": "s on special taxes imposed under article XIII A, section 4. The enactment of Health and Safety Code section 2871.8 in 1984, six years after the passage of article XIII A, demonstrates the Legislature’s consistent p", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff07fe1bbd9156fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 27630, "end": 27639, "quote": "section 4", "context": " years after the passage of article XIII A, demonstrates the Legislature’s consistent position that section 4 did not constitute a grant of inherent taxing power. Perhaps most significant to this case is secti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba9386f864fdfb56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 27734, "end": 27747, "quote": "section 50079", "context": "ion 4 did not constitute a grant of inherent taxing power. Perhaps most significant to this case is section 50079 (eff. July 2, 1987) which grants specific post-Proposition 62 authority to school districts to impo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7684d9c0f26baf90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 28196, "end": 28214, "quote": "108 Cal.App.3d 656", "context": " the passage of article XIIIA further reinforces our conclusion. (Mills v. County of Trinity (1980) 108 Cal.App.3d 656, 663 [166 Cal.Rptr. 674].) As described earlier, Proposition 62, approved by the voters in 1986, ad", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 Cal. App. 3d 656", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_108/0656_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "392416cacfb0a90d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 28221, "end": 28238, "quote": "166 Cal.Rptr. 674", "context": "IIIA further reinforces our conclusion. (Mills v. County of Trinity (1980) 108 Cal.App.3d 656, 663 [166 Cal.Rptr. 674].) As described earlier, Proposition 62, approved by the voters in 1986, added to the Government Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "166 Cal. Rptr. 674", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a94e9f608e9e237", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 28341, "end": 28354, "quote": "section 53727", "context": " As described earlier, Proposition 62, approved by the voters in 1986, added to the Government Code section 53727 which provides that article XIII A shall not be “construed to authorize any local government or dis", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5574d294f96c9bf8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 28724, "end": 28733, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "icle XIII A not be construed as a grant of taxing authority.\nb. The Consequences of Concluding That Section 4 Is Not Self-executing\nFrom our conclusion that section 4 of article XIII A requires enabling legisl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df440ef51dc6be96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 28781, "end": 28790, "quote": "section 4", "context": "ty.\nb. The Consequences of Concluding That Section 4 Is Not Self-executing\nFrom our conclusion that section 4 of article XIII A requires enabling legislation, it follows that exactions sought to be levied unde", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d643cf04e2dbbb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 28892, "end": 28901, "quote": "section 4", "context": "f article XIII A requires enabling legislation, it follows that exactions sought to be levied under section 4 can be valid as special taxes only if there was such enabling legislation in effect when they were ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d3f3c3f190f7d270", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 29165, "end": 29173, "quote": "§§ 53726", "context": "d the instant exactions, there was no such statutory authority because Proposition 62 (specifically §§ 53726 and 53727) had, seven months earlier, negated the original enabling legislation (found in §§ 50075-", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66b8b84690838b02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 29264, "end": 29278, "quote": "§§ 50075-50077", "context": " §§ 53726 and 53727) had, seven months earlier, negated the original enabling legislation (found in §§ 50075-50077). Section 53727 states that, with the exception of certain taxes not relevant here, section 50075 e", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd1d9ac70a6594be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 29281, "end": 29294, "quote": "Section 53727", "context": "27) had, seven months earlier, negated the original enabling legislation (found in §§ 50075-50077). Section 53727 states that, with the exception of certain taxes not relevant here, section 50075 et seq., shall no", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "41c332d6cfb180bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 29363, "end": 29376, "quote": "section 50075", "context": " §§ 50075-50077). Section 53727 states that, with the exception of certain taxes not relevant here, section 50075 et seq., shall not be construed to authorize any local government or district to impose special tax", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e78ed648954be588", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 29751, "end": 29761, "quote": "Section 4.", "context": "by the Voters of the School Districts Are Not “Special Taxes” Within the Meaning of Article XIII A, Section 4.\nThis case presents a novel but transparent attempt by the school districts to circumvent the dollar", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "390090bfc064c575", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 29883, "end": 29897, "quote": "section 65995.", "context": "novel but transparent attempt by the school districts to circumvent the dollar limitations found in section 65995. Although authorized by section 53080 “to levy a fee, charge, dedication, or other form of requireme", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8942ccd48c2ff779", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 29921, "end": 29934, "quote": "section 53080", "context": "chool districts to circumvent the dollar limitations found in section 65995. Although authorized by section 53080 “to levy a fee, charge, dedication, or other form of requirement against” development projects for ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b56aa26762398a82", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 30092, "end": 30105, "quote": "section 65995", "context": "irement against” development projects for the purpose of funding construction of school facilities, section 65995 limits the amount of those fees. School districts were apparently concerned that the amount which s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7bba602f21a51314", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 30204, "end": 30217, "quote": "section 53080", "context": "5 limits the amount of those fees. School districts were apparently concerned that the amount which section 53080 allows them to impose would not be sufficient to meet the reasonable costs of providing school faci", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e8ab44cd8ce48f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 30477, "end": 30490, "quote": "section 65995", "context": " which would be generated by new housing.\nIt is clear to this court that as a means of avoiding the section 65995 limitations, school districts decided to adopt the subject exactions. Under the guise of the term “", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1f254c897f36258", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 30886, "end": 30899, "quote": "39 Cal.3d 878", "context": "ves, not by voters. (See, e.g. Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist. (1985) 39 Cal.3d 878 [218 Cal.Rptr. 303, 705 P.2d 876] [school-impact fees imposed pursuant to a county land-use policy]", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 Cal. 3d 878", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_39/0878_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e7724fbdc4c7d459", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 30901, "end": 30918, "quote": "218 Cal.Rptr. 303", "context": "ers. (See, e.g. Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist. (1985) 39 Cal.3d 878 [218 Cal.Rptr. 303, 705 P.2d 876] [school-impact fees imposed pursuant to a county land-use policy]; Russ Bldg. Partne", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "218 Cal. Rptr. 303", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "85890257077f1cce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 30920, "end": 30932, "quote": "705 P.2d 876", "context": "did Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist. (1985) 39 Cal.3d 878 [218 Cal.Rptr. 303, 705 P.2d 876] [school-impact fees imposed pursuant to a county land-use policy]; Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "705 P.2d 876", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43ed236ee7296066", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31067, "end": 31086, "quote": "199 Cal.App.3d 1496", "context": "ant to a county land-use policy]; Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco (1987) 199 Cal.App.3d 1496 [246 Cal.Rptr. 21] [transit-impact fees imposed by city and county]; Terminal Plaza Corp. v. City a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "199 Cal. App. 3d 1496", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_199/1496_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "577592ecafc5ba13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31088, "end": 31104, "quote": "246 Cal.Rptr. 21", "context": "use policy]; Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco (1987) 199 Cal.App.3d 1496 [246 Cal.Rptr. 21] [transit-impact fees imposed by city and county]; Terminal Plaza Corp. v. City and County of San F", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "246 Cal. Rptr. 21", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "988b24a53c7ab541", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31220, "end": 31238, "quote": "177 Cal.App.3d 892", "context": "t fees imposed by city and county]; Terminal Plaza Corp. v. City and County of San Francisco (1986) 177 Cal.App.3d 892 [223 Cal.Rptr. 379] [requirement of one-for-one replacement of housing units or fee in lieu thereof", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "177 Cal. App. 3d 892", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_177/0892_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2671da5d7cbf3501", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31240, "end": 31257, "quote": "223 Cal.Rptr. 379", "context": "ty and county]; Terminal Plaza Corp. v. City and County of San Francisco (1986) 177 Cal.App.3d 892 [223 Cal.Rptr. 379] [requirement of one-for-one replacement of housing units or fee in lieu thereof imposed by city an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "223 Cal. Rptr. 379", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06ffd063c8f8c026", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31432, "end": 31450, "quote": "165 Cal.App.3d 227", "context": "hereof imposed by city and county]; Beaumont Investors v. Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water Dist. (1985) 165 Cal.App.3d 227 [211 Cal.Rptr. 567] [facilities fees for water hook-up imposed by water district]; Trent Meredith, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 Cal. App. 3d 227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_165/0227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0dd0dcb2ab96f8f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31452, "end": 31469, "quote": "211 Cal.Rptr. 567", "context": "ty and county]; Beaumont Investors v. Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water Dist. (1985) 165 Cal.App.3d 227 [211 Cal.Rptr. 567] [facilities fees for water hook-up imposed by water district]; Trent Meredith, Inc. v. City of Oxn", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "211 Cal. Rptr. 567", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f12293202047ee91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31580, "end": 31598, "quote": "114 Cal.App.3d 317", "context": "es fees for water hook-up imposed by water district]; Trent Meredith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard (1981) 114 Cal.App.3d 317 [170 Cal.Rptr. 685] [school-impact fees or dedication of land in lieu thereof imposed by city]; Mil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 Cal. App. 3d 317", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_114/0317_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "886a5b85190abbec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31600, "end": 31617, "quote": "170 Cal.Rptr. 685", "context": "ok-up imposed by water district]; Trent Meredith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard (1981) 114 Cal.App.3d 317 [170 Cal.Rptr. 685] [school-impact fees or dedication of land in lieu thereof imposed by city]; Mills v. County of Tri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "170 Cal. Rptr. 685", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db659b43040521c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31723, "end": 31729, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ool-impact fees or dedication of land in lieu thereof imposed by city]; Mills v. County of Trinity, supra, 108 Cal.App.3d 656 [land-use regulatory activities fees imposed by county].)\nDevelopment fees are a", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da39a4ca3cddb870", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31730, "end": 31748, "quote": "108 Cal.App.3d 656", "context": "act fees or dedication of land in lieu thereof imposed by city]; Mills v. County of Trinity, supra, 108 Cal.App.3d 656 [land-use regulatory activities fees imposed by county].)\nDevelopment fees are an exercise of the l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 Cal. App. 3d 656", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_108/0656_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "150f650aab8d8bc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 31912, "end": 31921, "quote": "section 7", "context": "opment fees are an exercise of the local police power granted to cities and counties by article XI, section 7 of the California Constitution. (Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39560232ece40c29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 32015, "end": 32020, "quote": "supra", "context": "tion 7 of the California Constitution. (Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1504; Trent Meridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard, supra, 114 Cal.App.3d at p. 325", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93d066e91abff998", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 32022, "end": 32047, "quote": "199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1504", "context": "of the California Constitution. (Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1504; Trent Meridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard, supra, 114 Cal.App.3d at p. 325; Mills v. County of Trinit", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "199 Cal. App. 3d 1496", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_199/1496_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "25b71a5aaaf76afe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 32089, "end": 32094, "quote": "supra", "context": " County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1504; Trent Meridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard, supra, 114 Cal.App.3d at p. 325; Mills v. County of Trinity, supra, 108 Cal.App.3d at p. 662.) While gene", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37b1717f60e89274", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 32096, "end": 32120, "quote": "114 Cal.App.3d at p. 325", "context": " of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1504; Trent Meridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard, supra, 114 Cal.App.3d at p. 325; Mills v. County of Trinity, supra, 108 Cal.App.3d at p. 662.) While general law cities and countie", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "114 Cal. App. 3d 317", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_114/0317_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fdc365757e1f7e1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 32150, "end": 32155, "quote": "supra", "context": "rent Meridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard, supra, 114 Cal.App.3d at p. 325; Mills v. County of Trinity, supra, 108 Cal.App.3d at p. 662.) While general law cities and counties receive their taxing power from t", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f0b827f2f466a71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 32157, "end": 32181, "quote": "108 Cal.App.3d at p. 662", "context": "ridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard, supra, 114 Cal.App.3d at p. 325; Mills v. County of Trinity, supra, 108 Cal.App.3d at p. 662.) While general law cities and counties receive their taxing power from the Legislature under artic", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "108 Cal. App. 3d 656", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_108/0656_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0d15b8cd2fa6bbd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 32290, "end": 32300, "quote": "section 24", "context": "general law cities and counties receive their taxing power from the Legislature under article XIII, section 24, they can impose development fees pursuant to their police power without the necessity of authority", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a6a0adac8ac7d547", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 32431, "end": 32447, "quote": "supra, at p. 662", "context": "ees pursuant to their police power without the necessity of authority from the Legislature. (Mills, supra, at p. 662.) However, the school districts have no such police power to support the imposition of development ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "78d55d008b29e855", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 32601, "end": 32614, "quote": "section 53080", "context": "ower to support the imposition of development fees. Their authority for said fees comes solely from section 53080 and is subject to the section 65995 financial limitations.\nThe consequence of the school districts’", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "186737ae7120732c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 32637, "end": 32650, "quote": "section 65995", "context": "velopment fees. Their authority for said fees comes solely from section 53080 and is subject to the section 65995 financial limitations.\nThe consequence of the school districts’ action has been that the normal “de", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4076d2687078d35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 33098, "end": 33104, "quote": "supra,", "context": "by two-thirds of the voters [see, e.g., Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d 1496; Beaumont Investors v. Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water Dist., supra, 165 Cal.App.3", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a2c0d885554cd4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 33105, "end": 33124, "quote": "199 Cal.App.3d 1496", "context": "thirds of the voters [see, e.g., Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d 1496; Beaumont Investors v. Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water Dist., supra, 165 Cal.App.3d 227; Trent Meridit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "199 Cal. App. 3d 1496", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_199/1496_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d28a26d4214626ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 33184, "end": 33190, "quote": "supra,", "context": "an Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d 1496; Beaumont Investors v. Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water Dist., supra, 165 Cal.App.3d 227; Trent Meridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard, supra, 114 Cal.App.3d 317]), here it is", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b8229457558bcda4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 33191, "end": 33209, "quote": "165 Cal.App.3d 227", "context": "cisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d 1496; Beaumont Investors v. Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water Dist., supra, 165 Cal.App.3d 227; Trent Meridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard, supra, 114 Cal.App.3d 317]), here it is the school distric", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 Cal. App. 3d 227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_165/0227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a3161734bffd80a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 33251, "end": 33257, "quote": "supra,", "context": "umont-Cherry Valley Water Dist., supra, 165 Cal.App.3d 227; Trent Meridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard, supra, 114 Cal.App.3d 317]), here it is the school districts which are insisting that the exactions are sp", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0086b3261527789d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 33258, "end": 33276, "quote": "114 Cal.App.3d 317", "context": "herry Valley Water Dist., supra, 165 Cal.App.3d 227; Trent Meridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard, supra, 114 Cal.App.3d 317]), here it is the school districts which are insisting that the exactions are special taxes and not", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 Cal. App. 3d 317", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_114/0317_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c274cf230582bab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 33567, "end": 33584, "quote": "supra, at p. 1504", "context": "her the exactions are development fees or special taxes is an issue of law (Russ Bldg. Partnership, supra, at p. 1504) which we here resolve.\nAlthough school districts assert that (1) we should accept at face value th", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9fcda121ec85bd5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 34206, "end": 34215, "quote": "section 4", "context": "not met that burden.\nOur Supreme Court defined the term “special taxes,” as used in article XIII A, section 4, to mean “taxes which are levied for a specific purpose rather than ... a levy placed in the genera", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c962d6c439d25ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 34420, "end": 34425, "quote": "supra", "context": "d to be utilized for general governmental purposes.” ([City and County of San Francisco v. Farrell, supra, 32 Cal.3d at p. 57.) School districts argue that the exactions at issue here are to be used for a ", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3cb46e3ccc99a81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 34427, "end": 34445, "quote": "32 Cal.3d at p. 57", "context": " utilized for general governmental purposes.” ([City and County of San Francisco v. Farrell, supra, 32 Cal.3d at p. 57.) School districts argue that the exactions at issue here are to be used for a specific purpose and", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "32 Cal. 3d 47", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_32/0047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bd074dfc0ba4bbe2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 34888, "end": 34893, "quote": "supra", "context": "tinction between types of taxes only.” (Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505.)\nThe type of exactions at issue here have traditionally been denominate", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e41deb72a3b5d43a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 34895, "end": 34920, "quote": "199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505", "context": "n between types of taxes only.” (Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505.)\nThe type of exactions at issue here have traditionally been denominated “development fees.” “Typi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "199 Cal. App. 3d 1496", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_199/1496_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f48f13d0c0283b7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 35360, "end": 35373, "quote": "39 Cal.3d 878", "context": "rated by the development. (See Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist. (1985) 39 Cal.3d 878 . . . [school-impact fees]; Associated Home Builders etc., Inc. v. City of Walnut Creek (1971) 4 Ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 Cal. 3d 878", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_39/0878_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ab68666f9ad69bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 35469, "end": 35481, "quote": "4 Cal.3d 633", "context": " 878 . . . [school-impact fees]; Associated Home Builders etc., Inc. v. City of Walnut Creek (1971) 4 Cal.3d 633 . . . [dedication of land for park space or fee in lieu thereof].) This is one of the most common s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 Cal. 3d 633", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_4/0633_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "361a14bf6c3fe513", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 35675, "end": 35693, "quote": "114 Cal.App.3d 317", "context": "mmon subjects of local police power regulations. (See Trent Meridith, Inc. v. City of Oxnard (1981) 114 Cal.App.3d 317, 325 .. . .) ‘“The position of the public entity is that this arrangement is only fair. The develop", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 Cal. App. 3d 317", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_114/0317_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ba5a92915a0128e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 36212, "end": 36217, "quote": "supra", "context": "by the new development. . . ’ (Ibid.)\" (Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1504.)\nThe court in Russ approved of a San Francisco ordinance which charged ", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61a3dce21f913f0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 36219, "end": 36244, "quote": "199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1504", "context": "new development. . . ’ (Ibid.)\" (Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1504.)\nThe court in Russ approved of a San Francisco ordinance which charged a transit fee on newly deve", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "199 Cal. App. 3d 1496", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_199/1496_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b6c397beebf396b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 36579, "end": 36585, "quote": "supra,", "context": " approved of by the Supreme Court in Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist., supra, 39 Cal.3d 878, 885 and in Builders Assn. of Santa Clara-Santa Cruz Counties v. Superior Court (1974", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9245b9efcb14993", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 36586, "end": 36599, "quote": "39 Cal.3d 878", "context": "ed of by the Supreme Court in Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist., supra, 39 Cal.3d 878, 885 and in Builders Assn. of Santa Clara-Santa Cruz Counties v. Superior Court (1974) 13 Cal.3d 22", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 Cal. 3d 878", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_39/0878_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "02dc4cf59b0fc646", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 36687, "end": 36700, "quote": "13 Cal.3d 225", "context": "9 Cal.3d 878, 885 and in Builders Assn. of Santa Clara-Santa Cruz Counties v. Superior Court (1974) 13 Cal.3d 225, 232, fn. 6 [118 Cal.Rptr. 158, 529 P.2d 582].\nIn discussing development fees, the courts have note", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 Cal. 3d 225", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_13/0225_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38895452c4405c96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 36714, "end": 36731, "quote": "118 Cal.Rptr. 158", "context": "ilders Assn. of Santa Clara-Santa Cruz Counties v. Superior Court (1974) 13 Cal.3d 225, 232, fn. 6 [118 Cal.Rptr. 158, 529 P.2d 582].\nIn discussing development fees, the courts have noted certain differences between s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 Cal. Rptr. 158", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87d2844865b87178", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 36733, "end": 36745, "quote": "529 P.2d 582", "context": "ta Clara-Santa Cruz Counties v. Superior Court (1974) 13 Cal.3d 225, 232, fn. 6 [118 Cal.Rptr. 158, 529 P.2d 582].\nIn discussing development fees, the courts have noted certain differences between such fees and t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "529 P.2d 582", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c5fcdd242800c57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 37020, "end": 37025, "quote": "supra", "context": "only if a developer elects to develop. (Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505; Terminal Plaza Corp. v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 177 Ca", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89e7c463f685c216", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 37027, "end": 37052, "quote": "199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505", "context": " a developer elects to develop. (Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505; Terminal Plaza Corp. v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 177 Cal.App.3d at p. 907.) Furthe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "199 Cal. App. 3d 1496", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_199/1496_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0ab5a05aa1677891", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 37112, "end": 37117, "quote": "supra", "context": "ncisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505; Terminal Plaza Corp. v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 177 Cal.App.3d at p. 907.) Furthermore, a special tax “levies a fee to replace revenue for service", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2243741c3da57716", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 37119, "end": 37143, "quote": "177 Cal.App.3d at p. 907", "context": " supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505; Terminal Plaza Corp. v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 177 Cal.App.3d at p. 907.) Furthermore, a special tax “levies a fee to replace revenue for services which were affected by t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "177 Cal. App. 3d 892", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_177/0892_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1c6c8a06d74d19df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 37634, "end": 37651, "quote": "supra, at p. 1505", "context": "rease in [residents, students, riders, etc.] that this construction will possibly generate.” (Russ, supra, at p. 1505.)\nWhile it is true that under the provisions of section 50076 a development fee may be treated as a", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d58d52bba7be980d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 37700, "end": 37713, "quote": "section 50076", "context": "n will possibly generate.” (Russ, supra, at p. 1505.)\nWhile it is true that under the provisions of section 50076 a development fee may be treated as a special tax, that will only occur when one or both of the con", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb56269540b14ce9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38045, "end": 38047, "quote": "(§", "context": " regulatory activity for which it is charged or (2) the fee is levied for general revenue purposes. (§ 50076; Pennell v. City of San Jose (1986) 42 Cal.3d 365, 374-375 [228 Cal.Rptr. 726, 721 P.2d 1111]", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b5e39bd6ae72ff3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38046, "end": 38053, "quote": "§ 50076", "context": "regulatory activity for which it is charged or (2) the fee is levied for general revenue purposes. (§ 50076; Pennell v. City of San Jose (1986) 42 Cal.3d 365, 374-375 [228 Cal.Rptr. 726, 721 P.2d 1111]; Russ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e69baa412f1554fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38090, "end": 38103, "quote": "42 Cal.3d 365", "context": "or (2) the fee is levied for general revenue purposes. (§ 50076; Pennell v. City of San Jose (1986) 42 Cal.3d 365, 374-375 [228 Cal.Rptr. 726, 721 P.2d 1111]; Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Franc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 Cal. 3d 365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_42/0365_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e44919c23a895d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38114, "end": 38131, "quote": "228 Cal.Rptr. 726", "context": " for general revenue purposes. (§ 50076; Pennell v. City of San Jose (1986) 42 Cal.3d 365, 374-375 [228 Cal.Rptr. 726, 721 P.2d 1111]; Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "228 Cal. Rptr. 726", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f4201456dd4ff83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38133, "end": 38146, "quote": "721 P.2d 1111", "context": "e purposes. (§ 50076; Pennell v. City of San Jose (1986) 42 Cal.3d 365, 374-375 [228 Cal.Rptr. 726, 721 P.2d 1111]; Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505; Bea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "721 P.2d 1111", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b57a8b73e5e8c1b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38209, "end": 38214, "quote": "supra", "context": "375 [228 Cal.Rptr. 726, 721 P.2d 1111]; Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505; Beaumont Investors v. Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water Dist., supra, 165 Ca", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "001a9cea4537dfc9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38216, "end": 38241, "quote": "199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505", "context": "8 Cal.Rptr. 726, 721 P.2d 1111]; Russ Bldg. Partnership v. City and County of San Francisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505; Beaumont Investors v. Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water Dist., supra, 165 Cal.App.3d at p. 234.) Neithe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "199 Cal. App. 3d 1496", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_199/1496_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a278aa267404a9db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38301, "end": 38306, "quote": "supra", "context": "ncisco, supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505; Beaumont Investors v. Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water Dist., supra, 165 Cal.App.3d at p. 234.) Neither circumstance exists here. The school districts acknowledge that", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9284b7e62d452061", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38308, "end": 38332, "quote": "165 Cal.App.3d at p. 234", "context": " supra, 199 Cal.App.3d at p. 1505; Beaumont Investors v. Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water Dist., supra, 165 Cal.App.3d at p. 234.) Neither circumstance exists here. The school districts acknowledge that their exactions do not ex", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "165 Cal. App. 3d 227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_165/0227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d62a480f98fa8f2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38911, "end": 38929, "quote": "135 Cal.App.3d 466", "context": "ons by judicious choice of a label. This is not permissible. (Cf. City of Atascadero v. Daly (1982) 135 Cal.App.3d 466, 470-471 [185 Cal.Rptr. 228].)\nSchool districts argue that their denomination of the development fe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "135 Cal. App. 3d 466", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_135/0466_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cd86536a3e8331e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 38940, "end": 38957, "quote": "185 Cal.Rptr. 228", "context": "label. This is not permissible. (Cf. City of Atascadero v. Daly (1982) 135 Cal.App.3d 466, 470-471 [185 Cal.Rptr. 228].)\nSchool districts argue that their denomination of the development fees as special taxes is suppo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "185 Cal. Rptr. 228", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc49a7facc2c40f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 39161, "end": 39167, "quote": "supra,", "context": " by language of the Supreme Court in Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist., supra, 39 Cal.3d 878. There the court noted that although school districts are limited in the amount of fu", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "78dd01c624e3fff0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 39168, "end": 39181, "quote": "39 Cal.3d 878", "context": "guage of the Supreme Court in Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist., supra, 39 Cal.3d 878. There the court noted that although school districts are limited in the amount of funding which th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 Cal. 3d 878", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_39/0878_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "58f5fde694a43297", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 39428, "end": 39431, "quote": "Id.", "context": "sition 13 authorizes the imposition of ‘special taxes’ by a vote of two-thirds of the electorate.” (Id., at p. 882.) However, the court went on to say “such special taxes have rarely been imposed, remain", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8539af84df048806", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 40050, "end": 40059, "quote": "section 4", "context": "ch the developers alone would have to pay. This was directly at odds with the purpose and intent of section 4’s supermajority requirement.\nWe therefore conclude that the subject exactions cannot properly be ch", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "64d7115c581b0952", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 40226, "end": 40236, "quote": "section 4.", "context": "t exactions cannot properly be characterized as special taxes within the meaning of article XIII A, section 4. They instead have all the characteristics of, and must be considered to be, development fees.\n3. Th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b51b5f5850f443e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 40435, "end": 40444, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "he Exactions Here at Issue Were Not Imposed “On the District” Within the Meaning of Article XIII A, Section 4\nSection 4 provides that the special taxes imposed by cities, counties and special districts must be", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a961026d5e8c1d05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 40445, "end": 40454, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "ns Here at Issue Were Not Imposed “On the District” Within the Meaning of Article XIII A, Section 4\nSection 4 provides that the special taxes imposed by cities, counties and special districts must be imposed “", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb0f286c805c2857", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 40822, "end": 40835, "quote": "section 50079", "context": "irectly on themselves (allowing, of course, for reasonable tax exemptions, such as the one found in section 50079, and for reasonable rate differentials). School districts disagree with our interpretation. They ar", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f28e470c122d5bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41433, "end": 41445, "quote": "199 Cal. 270", "context": "absurd consequences, the former construction will be adopted. [Citation.]” (Uhl v. Badaracco (1926) 199 Cal. 270, 284 [248 P. 917]; accord Wilson v. Board of Retirement (1959) 176 Cal.App.2d 320, 324 [1 Cal.Rptr.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "199 Cal. 270", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal/volume_199/0270_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "43362917483c5fa3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41452, "end": 41462, "quote": "248 P. 917", "context": ", the former construction will be adopted. [Citation.]” (Uhl v. Badaracco (1926) 199 Cal. 270, 284 [248 P. 917]; accord Wilson v. Board of Retirement (1959) 176 Cal.App.2d 320, 324 [1 Cal.Rptr. 373].) As noted ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "248 P. 917", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a573cf3e98958aa8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41509, "end": 41527, "quote": "176 Cal.App.2d 320", "context": "Uhl v. Badaracco (1926) 199 Cal. 270, 284 [248 P. 917]; accord Wilson v. Board of Retirement (1959) 176 Cal.App.2d 320, 324 [1 Cal.Rptr. 373].) As noted above, the purpose of section 4 is to restrict special taxes to t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 Cal. App. 2d 320", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-2d/volume_176/0320_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "092c4b89e7332f0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41534, "end": 41549, "quote": "1 Cal.Rptr. 373", "context": "99 Cal. 270, 284 [248 P. 917]; accord Wilson v. Board of Retirement (1959) 176 Cal.App.2d 320, 324 [1 Cal.Rptr. 373].) As noted above, the purpose of section 4 is to restrict special taxes to those which can be obta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1 Cal. Rptr. 373", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81cccd7cba7d9850", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41584, "end": 41593, "quote": "section 4", "context": "ard of Retirement (1959) 176 Cal.App.2d 320, 324 [1 Cal.Rptr. 373].) As noted above, the purpose of section 4 is to restrict special taxes to those which can be obtained by a supermajority vote. (City and Coun", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15fadc25a7b68194", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41725, "end": 41730, "quote": "supra", "context": " those which can be obtained by a supermajority vote. (City and County of San Francisco v. Farrell, supra, 32 Cal.3d at p. 53; Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal.3d at p. 201", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07d1b41057c30e25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41732, "end": 41750, "quote": "32 Cal.3d at p. 53", "context": "which can be obtained by a supermajority vote. (City and County of San Francisco v. Farrell, supra, 32 Cal.3d at p. 53; Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal.3d at p. 201; Amador Valley Join", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "32 Cal. 3d 47", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_32/0047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6ecd4121b274f0c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41804, "end": 41809, "quote": "supra", "context": "rancisco v. Farrell, supra, 32 Cal.3d at p. 53; Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal.3d at p. 201; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "00fda809fe10be80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41811, "end": 41830, "quote": "31 Cal.3d at p. 201", "context": "o v. Farrell, supra, 32 Cal.3d at p. 53; Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond, supra, 31 Cal.3d at p. 201; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal. 3d at p. 22", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "31 Cal. 3d 197", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_31/0197_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa28c104c02f97aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41904, "end": 41909, "quote": "supra", "context": "supra, 31 Cal.3d at p. 201; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal. 3d at p. 220.) This will help insure that the property tax relief given in sections 1 and ", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fdb52f94945005b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41911, "end": 41931, "quote": "22 Cal. 3d at p. 220", "context": "31 Cal.3d at p. 201; Amador Valley Joint Union High Sch. Dist. v. State Bd. of Equalization, supra, 22 Cal. 3d at p. 220.) This will help insure that the property tax relief given in sections 1 and 2 of article XIII A wi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "22 Cal. 3d 208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_22/0208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d1b5f9abe7d23701", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 41994, "end": 42004, "quote": "sections 1", "context": "lization, supra, 22 Cal. 3d at p. 220.) This will help insure that the property tax relief given in sections 1 and 2 of article XIII A will not be thwarted by new taxes imposed by a simple majority of the peopl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "204efe905150a6eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 42162, "end": 42175, "quote": "38 Cal.3d 100", "context": " imposed by a simple majority of the people. (Huntington Park Redevelopment Agency v. Martin (1985) 38 Cal.3d 100, 105 [211 Cal.Rptr. 133, 695 P.2d 220].)\nTo adopt the school districts’ interpretation of the phras", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 Cal. 3d 100", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_38/0100_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0750b557b051b213", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 42182, "end": 42199, "quote": "211 Cal.Rptr. 133", "context": " majority of the people. (Huntington Park Redevelopment Agency v. Martin (1985) 38 Cal.3d 100, 105 [211 Cal.Rptr. 133, 695 P.2d 220].)\nTo adopt the school districts’ interpretation of the phrase “on such district” wou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "211 Cal. Rptr. 133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4119c6dac0ea2bae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 42201, "end": 42213, "quote": "695 P.2d 220", "context": "ople. (Huntington Park Redevelopment Agency v. Martin (1985) 38 Cal.3d 100, 105 [211 Cal.Rptr. 133, 695 P.2d 220].)\nTo adopt the school districts’ interpretation of the phrase “on such district” would allow the a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "695 P.2d 220", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0513136664c2bb56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 42958, "end": 42971, "quote": "section 53978", "context": "the meaning of the ambiguous phrase “on such district.” For example, a review of subdivision (a) of section 53978 shows that the Legislature recognizes that the requirement for a two-thirds vote means a vote to be", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a17cd157a919711d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 43144, "end": 43157, "quote": "Section 53978", "context": "rds vote means a vote to be rendered by those who will directly or indirectly pay the proposed tax. Section 53978 provides that local agencies which provide fire and police protection services may propose special ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31536624409479aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 43753, "end": 43759, "quote": "supra,", "context": "already noted, the Court observed in Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist., supra, 39 Cal.3d 878, 882, that article XIII A special taxes have rarely been imposed because of the need ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "358f1e624978ce3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 43760, "end": 43773, "quote": "39 Cal.3d 878", "context": " noted, the Court observed in Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist., supra, 39 Cal.3d 878, 882, that article XIII A special taxes have rarely been imposed because of the need for a two-thir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 Cal. 3d 878", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_39/0878_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2b3b04f356478c48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 44086, "end": 44092, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ved through voters who will pay the tax themselves. In City and County of San Francisco v. Farrell, supra, 32 Cal.3d 47, the court observed that the two-thirds requirement in section 4 “was imposed by a sim", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b073937c01a80098", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 44093, "end": 44105, "quote": "32 Cal.3d 47", "context": "ough voters who will pay the tax themselves. In City and County of San Francisco v. Farrell, supra, 32 Cal.3d 47, the court observed that the two-thirds requirement in section 4 “was imposed by a simple majority ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 Cal. 3d 47", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_32/0047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c229632addc49a03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 44161, "end": 44170, "quote": "section 4", "context": "an Francisco v. Farrell, supra, 32 Cal.3d 47, the court observed that the two-thirds requirement in section 4 “was imposed by a simple majority of the voters throughout the state upon a local entity to prohibi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "00523f9685ba793e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 44434, "end": 44437, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tity from taxing themselves for programs or services which would benefit largely local residents.” (Id., at p. 52, italics added.)\nThus, even if we were to agree with the school districts that the challe", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f45f7cf1952b9fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 45473, "end": 45479, "quote": "supra,", "context": "es attributable to it. [Citation.]” (Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist., supra, 39 Cal.3d 878, 881-882.) In 1986, the Legislature responded to this growing trend by enacting secti", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "485da6c6a3d1574c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 45480, "end": 45493, "quote": "39 Cal.3d 878", "context": "ibutable to it. [Citation.]” (Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist., supra, 39 Cal.3d 878, 881-882.) In 1986, the Legislature responded to this growing trend by enacting sections 53080 and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 Cal. 3d 878", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_39/0878_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f2e07c184ecdba72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 45574, "end": 45588, "quote": "sections 53080", "context": "upra, 39 Cal.3d 878, 881-882.) In 1986, the Legislature responded to this growing trend by enacting sections 53080 and 65995 which authorize and place a cap on the amount of development fees which can be imposed by", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e1a8537f56306e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 45843, "end": 45857, "quote": "sections 53080", "context": "ion or reconstruction of school facilities.\nIn anticipation of imposing such development fees under sections 53080 and 65995, the school districts commissioned development fee implementation studies in the fall of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97ce150c04518bed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 46601, "end": 46614, "quote": "section 65995", "context": "l districts for new school facilities. In view of the shortfall caused by the dollar limitations in section 65995, the school districts passed resolutions to levy not only the development fees but also the “specia", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2cd1f92b0b482c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 46908, "end": 46922, "quote": "section 65995.", "context": "stantially exceed the statutory dollar limitation on development fees allowed by subdivision (b) of section 65995. If, as we hold, these exactions must be viewed as development fees, then they are clearly preempted", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47a8b1523fe09435", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 47063, "end": 47077, "quote": "sections 53080", "context": "viewed as development fees, then they are clearly preempted by state law because they conflict with sections 53080 and 65995, subdivisions (b) and (d) by taking an amount in excess of the maximum provided for in th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "912b1bde392ab2ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 47254, "end": 47259, "quote": "supra", "context": "imum provided for in those sections. (Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist, supra, 39 Cal.3d at p. 885.) The fact that a local measure preempted by the general law has the support o", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "caae0dad3e251518", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 47261, "end": 47280, "quote": "39 Cal.3d at p. 885", "context": "ovided for in those sections. (Candid Enterprises, Inc. v. Grossmont Union High School Dist, supra, 39 Cal.3d at p. 885.) The fact that a local measure preempted by the general law has the support of local voters is of ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "39 Cal. 3d 878", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_39/0878_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7b1c6ac01788dd2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 48353, "end": 48363, "quote": "Section 1.", "context": " review by appeal was an adequate remedy.\nArticle XIII A, provides, in pertinent part, as follows: “Section 1. (a) The maximum amount of any ad valorem tax on real property shall not exceed one percent (1%) of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6cdb42541dc119b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 53712, "end": 53721, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "cs added.)\nThe trial court denied the writ of mandate for the following reasons: “a. Article XIII A Section 4 of the California Constitution is self executing in its authorization to the voters of each of the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90e68037c22bc776", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 53941, "end": 53950, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "impose the special tax inovlved [s/c] herein by a 2/3 vote. Because of the fact that Article XIII A Section 4 is self executing a separate statute specifically authorizing the district to impose a special tax ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b4969d914ef34b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 55310, "end": 55317, "quote": "§ 904.1", "context": "e judgment based on the denial of a petition for a writ of mandate is appealable. (Code Civ. Proc., § 904.1, subd. (a).)\nThe Assembly of the State of California has filed an amicus curiae brief expressing th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9831bd41c7e5cb31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 55727, "end": 55736, "quote": "section 4", "context": "Santa Clarita filed two amicus curiae briefs in support of the school districts and argued that (1) section 4 of article XIIIA is self-executing, (2) the subject exactions are special taxes under that section,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7fa44da035e71653", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 56047, "end": 56056, "quote": "section 4", "context": "icus brief the Schools Legal Defense Association also supported the school districts’ position that section 4 of article XIIIA is self-executing and thus enabling legislation was not required before the specia", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97ba12a7ad4ea985", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 56300, "end": 56309, "quote": "section 4", "context": "ief, Paul Gann and the Pacific Legal Foundation argued that (1) taxes imposed under article XIII A, section 4 must be preauthorized by the Legislature and that no such authorization exists for the exactions ch", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ad231c38ad7c76c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57221, "end": 57234, "quote": "31 Cal.3d 197", "context": "do not include the school districts. (See Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond (1982) 31 Cal.3d 197, 205-206 [182 Cal.Rptr. 324, 643 P.2d 941]; Cal. Const., art. XIII, § 21 [formerly art. IX, § 6 (([", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "31 Cal. 3d 197", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_31/0197_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "94809338c546eaf7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57245, "end": 57262, "quote": "182 Cal.Rptr. 324", "context": "l districts. (See Los Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond (1982) 31 Cal.3d 197, 205-206 [182 Cal.Rptr. 324, 643 P.2d 941]; Cal. Const., art. XIII, § 21 [formerly art. IX, § 6 (([ 6)]; McDonald v. Richards (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "182 Cal. Rptr. 324", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6518243dcf34476d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57264, "end": 57276, "quote": "643 P.2d 941", "context": "os Angeles County Transportation Com. v. Richmond (1982) 31 Cal.3d 197, 205-206 [182 Cal.Rptr. 324, 643 P.2d 941]; Cal. Const., art. XIII, § 21 [formerly art. IX, § 6 (([ 6)]; McDonald v. Richards (1926) 79 Cal.A", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "643 P.2d 941", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a0896d407085a47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57303, "end": 57307, "quote": "§ 21", "context": ". Richmond (1982) 31 Cal.3d 197, 205-206 [182 Cal.Rptr. 324, 643 P.2d 941]; Cal. Const., art. XIII, § 21 [formerly art. IX, § 6 (([ 6)]; McDonald v. Richards (1926) 79 Cal.App. 1, 8-10 [248 P. 1049] [disc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d85f4ab56573b4fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57327, "end": 57330, "quote": "§ 6", "context": ".3d 197, 205-206 [182 Cal.Rptr. 324, 643 P.2d 941]; Cal. Const., art. XIII, § 21 [formerly art. IX, § 6 (([ 6)]; McDonald v. Richards (1926) 79 Cal.App. 1, 8-10 [248 P. 1049] [discussing the power of a s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ad6f6a694cba5582", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57368, "end": 57381, "quote": "79 Cal.App. 1", "context": "P.2d 941]; Cal. Const., art. XIII, § 21 [formerly art. IX, § 6 (([ 6)]; McDonald v. Richards (1926) 79 Cal.App. 1, 8-10 [248 P. 1049] [discussing the power of a school district to levy taxes under art. XI, § 12 (n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 Cal. App. 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app/volume_79/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d09fcaeed5aaa48b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57389, "end": 57400, "quote": "248 P. 1049", "context": "., art. XIII, § 21 [formerly art. IX, § 6 (([ 6)]; McDonald v. Richards (1926) 79 Cal.App. 1, 8-10 [248 P. 1049] [discussing the power of a school district to levy taxes under art. XI, § 12 (now art. XIII, § 24)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "248 P. 1049", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f3dcbe0eee37771", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57474, "end": 57478, "quote": "§ 12", "context": ".App. 1, 8-10 [248 P. 1049] [discussing the power of a school district to levy taxes under art. XI, § 12 (now art. XIII, § 24) after art. IX, § 6 (now art. XIII, § 21) was added to the Const.].) However, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1a4c33ba556c423", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57495, "end": 57499, "quote": "§ 24", "context": " 1049] [discussing the power of a school district to levy taxes under art. XI, § 12 (now art. XIII, § 24) after art. IX, § 6 (now art. XIII, § 21) was added to the Const.].) However, neither the parties n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "308f1bfa92714f6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57516, "end": 57519, "quote": "§ 6", "context": "e power of a school district to levy taxes under art. XI, § 12 (now art. XIII, § 24) after art. IX, § 6 (now art. XIII, § 21) was added to the Const.].) However, neither the parties nor amici have seen f", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66545345eba13964", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 57536, "end": 57540, "quote": "§ 21", "context": "district to levy taxes under art. XI, § 12 (now art. XIII, § 24) after art. IX, § 6 (now art. XIII, § 21) was added to the Const.].) However, neither the parties nor amici have seen fit to raise or discus", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59070b52e173b55e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 58645, "end": 58658, "quote": "section 50075", "context": "ithout the approval of the Legislature. However, we are advised that the action was dismissed after section 50075 was amended on July 20, 1980, to apply to “districts” as well as cities and counties.\nWe note in pa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a706864e5bf38c11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 58882, "end": 58900, "quote": "204 Cal.App.3d 623", "context": "sion of the Court of Appeal for the Fourth District (City of Westminster v. County of Orange (1988) 204 Cal.App.3d 623 [251 Cal.Rptr. 511]) has concluded that a portion of Proposition 62 (i.e., Gov. Code, § 53727, subd", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "204 Cal. App. 3d 623", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_204/0623_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "771a9a3d36dfed5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 58902, "end": 58919, "quote": "251 Cal.Rptr. 511", "context": " Appeal for the Fourth District (City of Westminster v. County of Orange (1988) 204 Cal.App.3d 623 [251 Cal.Rptr. 511]) has concluded that a portion of Proposition 62 (i.e., Gov. Code, § 53727, subd. (b)) is unconstit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "251 Cal. Rptr. 511", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "436cd88774873f39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 58987, "end": 58994, "quote": "§ 53727", "context": "al.App.3d 623 [251 Cal.Rptr. 511]) has concluded that a portion of Proposition 62 (i.e., Gov. Code, § 53727, subd. (b)) is unconstitutional. However, that decision has no elfect upon our determination to rec", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d18439491054127", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 59165, "end": 59173, "quote": "§§ 53720", "context": "upon our determination to recognize as valid the other portions of Proposition 62 (i.e., Gov. Code, §§ 53720, subds. (a) and (b), 53721 and 53727, subd. (a)) which are relevant to the issues before us. (Peopl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "720fbf2757919469", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 59295, "end": 59308, "quote": "49 Cal.2d 409", "context": "53721 and 53727, subd. (a)) which are relevant to the issues before us. (People v. McCaughan (1957) 49 Cal.2d 409, 416-417 [317 P.2d 974].)\nSection 53080, subdivision (a), provides:\n“(a) The governing board of any", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 Cal. 2d 409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_49/0409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "97c3fe9984f9dad6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 59319, "end": 59331, "quote": "317 P.2d 974", "context": "a)) which are relevant to the issues before us. (People v. McCaughan (1957) 49 Cal.2d 409, 416-417 [317 P.2d 974].)\nSection 53080, subdivision (a), provides:\n“(a) The governing board of any school district is aut", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "317 P.2d 974", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5dd37c04fe886f80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 59335, "end": 59348, "quote": "Section 53080", "context": "levant to the issues before us. (People v. McCaughan (1957) 49 Cal.2d 409, 416-417 [317 P.2d 974].)\nSection 53080, subdivision (a), provides:\n“(a) The governing board of any school district is authorized to levy a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "066eedb675e64954", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 59550, "end": 59563, "quote": "Section 65928", "context": "ee, charge, dedication, or other form of requirement against any development project, as defined in Section 65928, within the boundaries of the district, for the purpose of funding the construction or reconstructi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e3ec41d3c2c0fac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_206/0212_01/index.html", "start": 59757, "end": 59770, "quote": "Section 65995", "context": "truction of school facilities, subject to any limitations set forth in Chapter 4.9 (commencing with Section 65995) of Division 1 of Title 7. This fee, charge, dedication, or other form of requirement may be applie", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f24dcd02fd420b06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 2278, "end": 2291, "quote": "section 17200", "context": "was alleged to constitute an unfair business practice in violation of Business and Professions Code section 17200 et seq., a tortious breach of respondent’s implied contract to provide treatment consistent with th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf0129ff3430616a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 2586, "end": 2620, "quote": "42 United States Code section 1985", "context": "onstitutional rights to liberty, happiness and privacy, a violation of her civil rights pursuant to 42 United States Code section 1985(3), and a breach of the fiduciary duty arising from the patient-physician relationship.\nThe trial c", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. section 1985", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc4b96103c2452de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 2608, "end": 2623, "quote": "section 1985(3)", "context": "o liberty, happiness and privacy, a violation of her civil rights pursuant to 42 United States Code section 1985(3), and a breach of the fiduciary duty arising from the patient-physician relationship.\nThe trial cour", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f3462102786377b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 3856, "end": 3870, "quote": "42 Cal.3d 1033", "context": "ises only when a demurrer is sustained without leave to amend. (Blatty v. New York Times Co. (1986) 42 Cal.3d 1033, 1040-1041 [232 Cal.Rptr. 542, 728 P.2d 1177].) Here the trial court granted leave to amend in resp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 Cal. 3d 1033", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_42/1033_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d1fcbaed6c85596e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 3883, "end": 3900, "quote": "232 Cal.Rptr. 542", "context": "s sustained without leave to amend. (Blatty v. New York Times Co. (1986) 42 Cal.3d 1033, 1040-1041 [232 Cal.Rptr. 542, 728 P.2d 1177].) Here the trial court granted leave to amend in response to the specific request o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "232 Cal. Rptr. 542", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d45e06cd273d1c5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 3902, "end": 3915, "quote": "728 P.2d 1177", "context": " leave to amend. (Blatty v. New York Times Co. (1986) 42 Cal.3d 1033, 1040-1041 [232 Cal.Rptr. 542, 728 P.2d 1177].) Here the trial court granted leave to amend in response to the specific request of appellant’s c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "728 P.2d 1177", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "26887214984555a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 4538, "end": 4555, "quote": "68 Cal.App.3d 118", "context": "s to be judged without regard for improperly pled allegations (Moncur v. City of Los Angeles (1977) 68 Cal.App.3d 118, 121, 126 [137 Cal.Rptr. 239]), and assuming the truth of all properly pled allegations (Hutnick v.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 Cal. App. 3d 118", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0118_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1372392a6b6adc5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 4567, "end": 4584, "quote": "137 Cal.Rptr. 239", "context": " for improperly pled allegations (Moncur v. City of Los Angeles (1977) 68 Cal.App.3d 118, 121, 126 [137 Cal.Rptr. 239]), and assuming the truth of all properly pled allegations (Hutnick v. United States Fidelity & Gua", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 Cal. Rptr. 239", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0ddfddb7deb0505", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 4701, "end": 4714, "quote": "47 Cal.3d 456", "context": "the truth of all properly pled allegations (Hutnick v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co. (1988) 47 Cal.3d 456, 460 [253 Cal.Rptr. 236, 763 P.2d 1326]).\nA complaint for declaratory relief must demonstrate: (1) ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 Cal. 3d 456", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_47/0456_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c11cf33d14385146", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 4721, "end": 4738, "quote": "253 Cal.Rptr. 236", "context": "perly pled allegations (Hutnick v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co. (1988) 47 Cal.3d 456, 460 [253 Cal.Rptr. 236, 763 P.2d 1326]).\nA complaint for declaratory relief must demonstrate: (1) a proper subject of decl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "253 Cal. Rptr. 236", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1793f7cafcd26ad6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 4740, "end": 4753, "quote": "763 P.2d 1326", "context": "ons (Hutnick v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co. (1988) 47 Cal.3d 456, 460 [253 Cal.Rptr. 236, 763 P.2d 1326]).\nA complaint for declaratory relief must demonstrate: (1) a proper subject of declaratory relief,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "763 P.2d 1326", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9bd3ae4f6491b968", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5024, "end": 5040, "quote": "4 Cal.App.3d 160", "context": " to the rights or obligations of a party. (See City of Tiburon v. Northwestern Pac. R.R. Co. (1970) 4 Cal.App.3d 160, 170 [84 Cal.Rptr. 469].) The “proper subjects” of declaratory relief are set forth in Code of Civi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 Cal. App. 3d 160", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_4/0160_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "319e3d37f5e54656", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5047, "end": 5063, "quote": "84 Cal.Rptr. 469", "context": "ations of a party. (See City of Tiburon v. Northwestern Pac. R.R. Co. (1970) 4 Cal.App.3d 160, 170 [84 Cal.Rptr. 469].) The “proper subjects” of declaratory relief are set forth in Code of Civil Procedure section 106", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 Cal. Rptr. 469", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d7f484116646ca4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5152, "end": 5164, "quote": "section 1060", "context": "l.Rptr. 469].) The “proper subjects” of declaratory relief are set forth in Code of Civil Procedure section 1060 and other statutes. (See, e.g., Gov. Code, § 11350; Civ. Code, § 4212.) The “actual controversy” re", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6848513526f210ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5208, "end": 5215, "quote": "§ 11350", "context": "ef are set forth in Code of Civil Procedure section 1060 and other statutes. (See, e.g., Gov. Code, § 11350; Civ. Code, § 4212.) The “actual controversy” requirement concerns the existence of present controv", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99ba79f4c21c8c87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5228, "end": 5235, "quote": "§ 4212.", "context": "Code of Civil Procedure section 1060 and other statutes. (See, e.g., Gov. Code, § 11350; Civ. Code, § 4212.) The “actual controversy” requirement concerns the existence of present controversy relating to the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fcabf3b6afa1d8e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5425, "end": 5431, "quote": "§ 1060", "context": "ing to the legal rights and duties of the respective parties pursuant to contract (Code Civ. Proc., § 1060), statute or order. (See Maguire v. Hibernia S. & L. Soc. (1944) 23 Cal.2d 719, 728 [146 P.2d 673, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf89e1e1de282f1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5497, "end": 5510, "quote": "23 Cal.2d 719", "context": " contract (Code Civ. Proc., § 1060), statute or order. (See Maguire v. Hibernia S. & L. Soc. (1944) 23 Cal.2d 719, 728 [146 P.2d 673, 151 A.L.R. 1062].) Where the allegations of the complaint reveal the controvers", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 Cal. 2d 719", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_23/0719_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c81f48718567b8c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5517, "end": 5529, "quote": "146 P.2d 673", "context": " Proc., § 1060), statute or order. (See Maguire v. Hibernia S. & L. Soc. (1944) 23 Cal.2d 719, 728 [146 P.2d 673, 151 A.L.R. 1062].) Where the allegations of the complaint reveal the controversy to be conjectural", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "146 P.2d 673", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16c511bbcd0ad6f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5531, "end": 5546, "quote": "151 A.L.R. 1062", "context": "), statute or order. (See Maguire v. Hibernia S. & L. Soc. (1944) 23 Cal.2d 719, 728 [146 P.2d 673, 151 A.L.R. 1062].) Where the allegations of the complaint reveal the controversy to be conjectural, anticipated to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 A.L.R. 1062", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "26fbd325f79765b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5821, "end": 5834, "quote": "12 Cal.2d 543", "context": "ourt, the fundamental basis of declaratory relief is lacking. (See, e.g., Merkley v. Merkley (1939) 12 Cal.2d 543, 547 [86 P.2d 89]; Silva v. City & County of San Francisco (1948) 87 Cal.App.2d 784, 789 [198 P.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 Cal. 2d 543", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_12/0543_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dfe9e8d12f233a1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5841, "end": 5851, "quote": "86 P.2d 89", "context": "l basis of declaratory relief is lacking. (See, e.g., Merkley v. Merkley (1939) 12 Cal.2d 543, 547 [86 P.2d 89]; Silva v. City & County of San Francisco (1948) 87 Cal.App.2d 784, 789 [198 P.2d 78]; Deming v. Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 P.2d 89", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4ec598fdf5306d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5901, "end": 5918, "quote": "87 Cal.App.2d 784", "context": "y v. Merkley (1939) 12 Cal.2d 543, 547 [86 P.2d 89]; Silva v. City & County of San Francisco (1948) 87 Cal.App.2d 784, 789 [198 P.2d 78]; Deming v. Communist Party (1944) 64 Cal.App.2d 35, 38 [148 P.2d 135].)\nThe elem", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 Cal. App. 2d 784", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-2d/volume_87/0784_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3aa6e4440e167cc1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5925, "end": 5936, "quote": "198 P.2d 78", "context": "al.2d 543, 547 [86 P.2d 89]; Silva v. City & County of San Francisco (1948) 87 Cal.App.2d 784, 789 [198 P.2d 78]; Deming v. Communist Party (1944) 64 Cal.App.2d 35, 38 [148 P.2d 135].)\nThe elements of a cause of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "198 P.2d 78", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2363bc17194aefe0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5972, "end": 5988, "quote": "64 Cal.App.2d 35", "context": "unty of San Francisco (1948) 87 Cal.App.2d 784, 789 [198 P.2d 78]; Deming v. Communist Party (1944) 64 Cal.App.2d 35, 38 [148 P.2d 135].)\nThe elements of a cause of action for injunctive relief are (1) a tort or othe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 Cal. App. 2d 35", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-2d/volume_64/0035_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e8d83e399c75ae44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 5994, "end": 6006, "quote": "148 P.2d 135", "context": "(1948) 87 Cal.App.2d 784, 789 [198 P.2d 78]; Deming v. Communist Party (1944) 64 Cal.App.2d 35, 38 [148 P.2d 135].)\nThe elements of a cause of action for injunctive relief are (1) a tort or other wrongful act con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "148 P.2d 135", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd95413071be4aed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 6174, "end": 6190, "quote": "89 Cal.App.2d 21", "context": "a tort or other wrongful act constituting a cause of action (see Bank of America v. Williams (1948) 89 Cal.App.2d 21, 24 [200 P.2d 151]); and (2) irreparable injury, i.e., a factual showing that the wrongful act cons", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 Cal. App. 2d 21", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-2d/volume_89/0021_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f2975c054e98958", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 6196, "end": 6208, "quote": "200 P.2d 151", "context": "ul act constituting a cause of action (see Bank of America v. Williams (1948) 89 Cal.App.2d 21, 24 [200 P.2d 151]); and (2) irreparable injury, i.e., a factual showing that the wrongful act constitutes an actual ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "200 P.2d 151", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "143e8f6f3c682cb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 6470, "end": 6483, "quote": "16 Cal.2d 369", "context": "ot be compensated by an ordinary damage award. (See E. H. Renzel Co. v. Warehousemen’s Union (1940) 16 Cal.2d 369, 373 [106 P.2d 1].)\nWith these principles in mind, we review the allegations of appellant’s, compla", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 Cal. 2d 369", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_16/0369_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e18efeff1f760c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 6490, "end": 6500, "quote": "106 P.2d 1", "context": " an ordinary damage award. (See E. H. Renzel Co. v. Warehousemen’s Union (1940) 16 Cal.2d 369, 373 [106 P.2d 1].)\nWith these principles in mind, we review the allegations of appellant’s, complaint.\nII\nThe purpo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 P.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd4ac8bbe510d6ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 6651, "end": 6658, "quote": "§ 17001", "context": "legations of appellant’s, complaint.\nII\nThe purpose of the Unfair Practices Act (Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17001 et. seq.) is to “safeguard the public against the creation or perpetuation of monopolies and to fos", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "975ee60799c223e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 6972, "end": 6980, "quote": "§ 17001.", "context": "tory practices by which fair and honest competition is destroyed or prevented.” (Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17001.)\nAppellant argues that the act has broad application to protect wronged consumers. She describes he", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e78e6a8ad02070b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 7450, "end": 7457, "quote": "§ 17002", "context": "receive optimal care . . . .”\nAlthough the chapter is to be liberally construed (Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17002), the allegations of the first amended complaint simply do not fall within the rubric of any of the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0ec1922dec28496", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 7652, "end": 7667, "quote": "§§ 17040-17051.", "context": "f the acts specified by the Legislature to be offenses against the chapter. (See Bus. & Prof. Code, §§ 17040-17051.) Appellant admits that respondent treated her, advised her to see her doctor within the next two da", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37449ee2954bef64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 9883, "end": 9901, "quote": "160 Cal.App.3d 123", "context": "tance of rape victims into a personal service contract. (See Motown Record Corp. v. Brockert (1984) 160 Cal.App.3d 123, 126 [207 Cal.Rptr. 574].) The trial court therefore properly concluded that appellant’s second cau", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "160 Cal. App. 3d 123", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_160/0123_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "90d59e52688853a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 9908, "end": 9925, "quote": "207 Cal.Rptr. 574", "context": "o a personal service contract. (See Motown Record Corp. v. Brockert (1984) 160 Cal.App.3d 123, 126 [207 Cal.Rptr. 574].) The trial court therefore properly concluded that appellant’s second cause of action was insuffi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "207 Cal. Rptr. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6b45ac989b6609d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 10344, "end": 10362, "quote": "163 Cal.App.3d 186", "context": "atients have the right to self-determination in their treatment. (Bartling v. Superior Court (1984) 163 Cal.App.3d 186, 195 [209 Cal.Rptr. 220].) Implicit in the allegations of her complaint is the contention that appe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "163 Cal. App. 3d 186", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_163/0186_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bad1d8aa475bb1cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 10369, "end": 10386, "quote": "209 Cal.Rptr. 220", "context": " self-determination in their treatment. (Bartling v. Superior Court (1984) 163 Cal.App.3d 186, 195 [209 Cal.Rptr. 220].) Implicit in the allegations of her complaint is the contention that appellant’s right to control", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "209 Cal. Rptr. 220", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0b2a5cf931087f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 10719, "end": 10726, "quote": "§ 25950", "context": "ture considered this conflict in the enactment of the Therapeutic Abortion Act (Health & Saf. Code, § 25950 et. seq.), and specifically provided in section 25955, subdivision (c), that no nonprofit hospital ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ef06f5d517023153", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 10767, "end": 10780, "quote": "section 25955", "context": "f the Therapeutic Abortion Act (Health & Saf. Code, § 25950 et. seq.), and specifically provided in section 25955, subdivision (c), that no nonprofit hospital or clinic which is organized or operated by a religiou", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a89172e16782d41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 11297, "end": 11310, "quote": "section 25955", "context": "his court requested the parties to submit additional briefing addressing the issue of the effect of section 25955, subdivision (c), as applied to the facts alleged in appellant’s complaint. We note, initially, tha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d74407ba73c8e4ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 12239, "end": 12254, "quote": "488 F.Supp. 181", "context": "however, disclosed one case which supports her assertion. In Margaret S. v. Edwards (E.D. La. 1980) 488 F.Supp. 181, plaintiffs contended that the definition of abortion in a statute regulating abortion was impermis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 F. Supp. 181", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_488/0181_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d11c2c9a4a96ff05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 12578, "end": 12599, "quote": "488 F.Supp. at p. 191", "context": "h were described as “attempts to terminate pregnancy after fertilization but before implantation.” (488 F.Supp. at p. 191, fn. omitted.) The court concluded that although the statute’s definition was somewhat ambiguous, “", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "488 F. Supp. 181", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_488/0181_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5633be3388cfa403", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 12901, "end": 12916, "quote": "491 F.Supp. 630", "context": "ample, birth control pills.” (Ibid.)\nAnother case of interest is McRae v. Califano (E.D. N.Y. 1980) 491 F.Supp. 630, 763, in which evidence of the Roman Catholic Church’s position on abortion was recounted including", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "491 F. Supp. 630", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_491/0630_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "af7ccc2f6ea57452", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 13368, "end": 13371, "quote": "Id.", "context": " it dates from the first instant, for others it could not at least precede . . . [implantation].”’ (Id., at p. 693. See also Roe v. Wade (1973) 410 U.S. 113, 161 [35 L.Ed.2d 147, 181, 93 S.Ct. 705, 730-7", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7981f2227cf46209", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 13412, "end": 13424, "quote": "410 U.S. 113", "context": " it could not at least precede . . . [implantation].”’ (Id., at p. 693. See also Roe v. Wade (1973) 410 U.S. 113, 161 [35 L.Ed.2d 147, 181, 93 S.Ct. 705, 730-731]: “Substantial problems for precise definition of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "410 U.S. 113", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_410/0113_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "112f3266eb78a2f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 13431, "end": 13445, "quote": "35 L.Ed.2d 147", "context": "ast precede . . . [implantation].”’ (Id., at p. 693. See also Roe v. Wade (1973) 410 U.S. 113, 161 [35 L.Ed.2d 147, 181, 93 S.Ct. 705, 730-731]: “Substantial problems for precise definition of [the ensoulment theor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "35 L. Ed. 2d 147", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_410/0113_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb3fca0c9957ebe7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 13452, "end": 13464, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 705", "context": "plantation].”’ (Id., at p. 693. See also Roe v. Wade (1973) 410 U.S. 113, 161 [35 L.Ed.2d 147, 181, 93 S.Ct. 705, 730-731]: “Substantial problems for precise definition of [the ensoulment theory] are posed, howev", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 705", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_410/0113_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "02ab4b899483b169", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 14266, "end": 14279, "quote": "section 25955", "context": "abortion, is consistent with the above-cited law. We therefore conclude that Health and Safety Code section 25955, subdivision (c), does not immunize respondent from liability for failure or refusal to provide inf", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb9a6c6ea6610a6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 14684, "end": 14696, "quote": "8 Cal.3d 229", "context": "wn body, to determine whether or not to submit to lawful medical treatment.” (Cobbs v. Grant (1972) 8 Cal.3d 229, 242 [104 Cal.Rptr. 505, 502 P.2d 1].) Meaningful exercise of this right is possible only to the ex", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 Cal. 3d 229", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_8/0229_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c5a904d4ff6363a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 14703, "end": 14720, "quote": "104 Cal.Rptr. 505", "context": "ne whether or not to submit to lawful medical treatment.” (Cobbs v. Grant (1972) 8 Cal.3d 229, 242 [104 Cal.Rptr. 505, 502 P.2d 1].) Meaningful exercise of this right is possible only to the extent that patients are p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 Cal. Rptr. 505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09b702e202488d56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 14722, "end": 14732, "quote": "502 P.2d 1", "context": "o submit to lawful medical treatment.” (Cobbs v. Grant (1972) 8 Cal.3d 229, 242 [104 Cal.Rptr. 505, 502 P.2d 1].) Meaningful exercise of this right is possible only to the extent that patients are provided with", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "502 P.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea559d1d57bce3ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 14934, "end": 14937, "quote": "Id.", "context": "dequate information upon which to base an intelligent decision with regard to the option available (Id., at pp. 242-243.) Therefore, when a rape victim can allege: that a skilled practitioner of good sta", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d2938b37d8e0fb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 15467, "end": 15470, "quote": "Id.", "context": "reatment option, said rape victim can state a cause of action for damages for medical malpractice. (Id., at p. 245.)\nHaving reached the conclusion that a rape victim denied this information may file an a", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7bfe95ae48750bbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 15950, "end": 15968, "quote": "181 Cal.App.3d 389", "context": "d not state a cause of action for injunctive or declaratory relief. (See Cardellini v. Casey (1986) 181 Cal.App.3d 389, 396-397 [226 Cal.Rptr. 659]; E. H. Renzel Co. v. Warehousemen’s Union, supra, 16 Cal.2d at p.373.)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "181 Cal. App. 3d 389", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_181/0389_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b45f373dfd75a4b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 15979, "end": 15996, "quote": "226 Cal.Rptr. 659", "context": " for injunctive or declaratory relief. (See Cardellini v. Casey (1986) 181 Cal.App.3d 389, 396-397 [226 Cal.Rptr. 659]; E. H. Renzel Co. v. Warehousemen’s Union, supra, 16 Cal.2d at p.373.)\nWe need not, and do not, di", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "226 Cal. Rptr. 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2da4da6d5e9e9b55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 16041, "end": 16047, "quote": "supra,", "context": "y (1986) 181 Cal.App.3d 389, 396-397 [226 Cal.Rptr. 659]; E. H. Renzel Co. v. Warehousemen’s Union, supra, 16 Cal.2d at p.373.)\nWe need not, and do not, discuss appellant’s claims regarding respondent’s all", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5bc7323e1bebc2b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 16512, "end": 16520, "quote": "§ 25952.", "context": "o seek an abortion pursuant to the provisions of the Therapeutic Abortion Act. (Health & Saf. Code, § 25952.)\n“Access to” the treatment may take the form of transfer of the patient to another medical facility", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c0d8456c8c33f6bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 16683, "end": 16701, "quote": "206 Cal.App.3d 304", "context": "e patient to another medical facility or another physician. (See Conservatorship of Morrison (1988) 206 Cal.App.3d 304, 310 [253 Cal.Rptr. 530].)\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "206 Cal. App. 3d 304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_206/0304_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d52f7a841e78d5d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_208/0405_01/index.html", "start": 16708, "end": 16725, "quote": "253 Cal.Rptr. 530", "context": "cal facility or another physician. (See Conservatorship of Morrison (1988) 206 Cal.App.3d 304, 310 [253 Cal.Rptr. 530].)\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "253 Cal. Rptr. 530", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4745bc7c72740e5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 89, "end": 97, "quote": "§ 1538.5", "context": "\nOpinion\nCROSKEY, J.\nFollowing the denial of his motion to suppress evidence (Pen. Code, § 1538.5), appellant Herbie Clark pleaded nolo contendere and was found guilty of burglary (Pen. Code, § 459", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07cd8f37f94161ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 192, "end": 197, "quote": "§ 459", "context": "538.5), appellant Herbie Clark pleaded nolo contendere and was found guilty of burglary (Pen. Code, § 459). He was sentenced to state prison for the low term of two years. As we conclude there was no unlaw", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a8c3a3a3af4bcaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 2401, "end": 2409, "quote": "§ 1538.5", "context": "ntered following his plea of no contest after denial of his motion to suppress evidence (Pen. Code, § 1538.5). Appellant contends that (1) he was illegally detained, and (2) the evidence was illegally seized.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21e48bc13d9f9ea0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 2668, "end": 2678, "quote": "section 28", "context": "e to evidence found in plain view. Pursuant to the June 1982 passage of Proposition 8, which became section 28, subdivision (d), of article I of the California Constitution, evidence will be excluded only when ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "124b66b9533e23d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 2859, "end": 2872, "quote": "37 Cal.3d 873", "context": "excluded only when it was obtained in violation of the federal Constitution. (In re Lance W. (1985) 37 Cal.3d 873, 879 [210 Cal.Rptr. 631, 694 P.2d 744].)\n1. Appellant Was Not Unlawfully Detained.\nAppellant’s clai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "37 Cal. 3d 873", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_37/0873_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "234624af1c873abb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 2879, "end": 2896, "quote": "210 Cal.Rptr. 631", "context": "t was obtained in violation of the federal Constitution. (In re Lance W. (1985) 37 Cal.3d 873, 879 [210 Cal.Rptr. 631, 694 P.2d 744].)\n1. Appellant Was Not Unlawfully Detained.\nAppellant’s claim that he was unlawfully", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "210 Cal. Rptr. 631", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c636f8959648b17f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 2898, "end": 2910, "quote": "694 P.2d 744", "context": "iolation of the federal Constitution. (In re Lance W. (1985) 37 Cal.3d 873, 879 [210 Cal.Rptr. 631, 694 P.2d 744].)\n1. Appellant Was Not Unlawfully Detained.\nAppellant’s claim that he was unlawfully detained prio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "694 P.2d 744", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd2c8cd22192014e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3273, "end": 3283, "quote": "392 U.S. 1", "context": "es ago the United States Supreme Court authorized such consensual encounters. (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1, 19, fn. 16 [20 L.Ed.2d 889, 906, 88 S.Ct. 1868].) More recently, this has been affirmed by cases s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "392 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e44293db5a06e106", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3297, "end": 3311, "quote": "20 L.Ed.2d 889", "context": " Supreme Court authorized such consensual encounters. (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1, 19, fn. 16 [20 L.Ed.2d 889, 906, 88 S.Ct. 1868].) More recently, this has been affirmed by cases such as Florida v. Royer (198", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 2d 889", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c3f025cb69b51bfe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3318, "end": 3331, "quote": "88 S.Ct. 1868", "context": "ized such consensual encounters. (Terry v. Ohio (1968) 392 U.S. 1, 19, fn. 16 [20 L.Ed.2d 889, 906, 88 S.Ct. 1868].) More recently, this has been affirmed by cases such as Florida v. Royer (1983) 460 U.S. 491, 497", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 1868", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e555f011dbaad60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3414, "end": 3426, "quote": "460 U.S. 491", "context": "06, 88 S.Ct. 1868].) More recently, this has been affirmed by cases such as Florida v. Royer (1983) 460 U.S. 491, 497-498 [75 L.Ed.2d 229, 236, 103 S.Ct. 1319]: “[L]aw enforcement officers do not violate the Four", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "460 U.S. 491", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b687d2936cfae1bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3437, "end": 3451, "quote": "75 L.Ed.2d 229", "context": "re recently, this has been affirmed by cases such as Florida v. Royer (1983) 460 U.S. 491, 497-498 [75 L.Ed.2d 229, 236, 103 S.Ct. 1319]: “[L]aw enforcement officers do not violate the Fourth Amendment by merely ap", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 L. Ed. 2d 229", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c4c549bf229f57d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3458, "end": 3472, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 1319", "context": " been affirmed by cases such as Florida v. Royer (1983) 460 U.S. 491, 497-498 [75 L.Ed.2d 229, 236, 103 S.Ct. 1319]: “[L]aw enforcement officers do not violate the Fourth Amendment by merely approaching an individu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 1319", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83b02ddf4c274ebb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3706, "end": 3725, "quote": "164 Cal.App.3d 1194", "context": "ng questions to him if the person is willing to listen . . . .” (See also People v. Gonzalez (1985) 164 Cal.App.3d 1194, 1196 [211 Cal.Rptr. 74]; Wilson v. Superior Court (1983) 34 Cal.3d 777, 789 [195 Cal.Rptr. 671, 67", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "164 Cal. App. 3d 1194", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_164/1194_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e532fb4619dbe870", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3733, "end": 3749, "quote": "211 Cal.Rptr. 74", "context": "person is willing to listen . . . .” (See also People v. Gonzalez (1985) 164 Cal.App.3d 1194, 1196 [211 Cal.Rptr. 74]; Wilson v. Superior Court (1983) 34 Cal.3d 777, 789 [195 Cal.Rptr. 671, 670 P.2d 325].) Requesting", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "211 Cal. Rptr. 74", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99389e6d17ce9714", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3784, "end": 3797, "quote": "34 Cal.3d 777", "context": "le v. Gonzalez (1985) 164 Cal.App.3d 1194, 1196 [211 Cal.Rptr. 74]; Wilson v. Superior Court (1983) 34 Cal.3d 777, 789 [195 Cal.Rptr. 671, 670 P.2d 325].) Requesting appellant to identify himself did not transform", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 Cal. 3d 777", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_34/0777_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "847e1b3480749c8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3804, "end": 3821, "quote": "195 Cal.Rptr. 671", "context": ") 164 Cal.App.3d 1194, 1196 [211 Cal.Rptr. 74]; Wilson v. Superior Court (1983) 34 Cal.3d 777, 789 [195 Cal.Rptr. 671, 670 P.2d 325].) Requesting appellant to identify himself did not transform the encounter into a de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "195 Cal. Rptr. 671", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f21b91fe4bb6d656", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3823, "end": 3835, "quote": "670 P.2d 325", "context": "94, 1196 [211 Cal.Rptr. 74]; Wilson v. Superior Court (1983) 34 Cal.3d 777, 789 [195 Cal.Rptr. 671, 670 P.2d 325].) Requesting appellant to identify himself did not transform the encounter into a detention. (Peop", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "670 P.2d 325", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29d604e11a4515fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3957, "end": 3975, "quote": "192 Cal.App.3d 935", "context": "nt to identify himself did not transform the encounter into a detention. (People v. Franklin (1987) 192 Cal.App.3d 935, 941 [237 Cal.Rptr. 840].) It is therefore clear that prior to the discovery of the jewelry there w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "192 Cal. App. 3d 935", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_192/0935_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9202158e159c318c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 3982, "end": 3999, "quote": "237 Cal.Rptr. 840", "context": "d not transform the encounter into a detention. (People v. Franklin (1987) 192 Cal.App.3d 935, 941 [237 Cal.Rptr. 840].) It is therefore clear that prior to the discovery of the jewelry there was no detention, lawful ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "237 Cal. Rptr. 840", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a48c41e920a17997", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 4777, "end": 4789, "quote": "389 U.S. 347", "context": "s to the public ... is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection.” (Katz v. United States (1967) 389 U.S. 347, 351 [19 L.Ed.2d 576, 582, 88 S.Ct. 507]; see also People v. Superior Court (Spielman) (1980) 102 C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "389 U.S. 347", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dfc99ad90a024b90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 4796, "end": 4810, "quote": "19 L.Ed.2d 576", "context": " is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection.” (Katz v. United States (1967) 389 U.S. 347, 351 [19 L.Ed.2d 576, 582, 88 S.Ct. 507]; see also People v. Superior Court (Spielman) (1980) 102 Cal.App.3d 342, 346 [1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 L. Ed. 2d 576", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b379dd58b6e2816c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 4817, "end": 4829, "quote": "88 S.Ct. 507", "context": "Fourth Amendment protection.” (Katz v. United States (1967) 389 U.S. 347, 351 [19 L.Ed.2d 576, 582, 88 S.Ct. 507]; see also People v. Superior Court (Spielman) (1980) 102 Cal.App.3d 342, 346 [162 Cal.Rptr. 295]; ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 507", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0ac2544cdc3212d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 4884, "end": 4902, "quote": "102 Cal.App.3d 342", "context": ". 347, 351 [19 L.Ed.2d 576, 582, 88 S.Ct. 507]; see also People v. Superior Court (Spielman) (1980) 102 Cal.App.3d 342, 346 [162 Cal.Rptr. 295]; Lorenzana v. Superior Court (1973) 9 Cal. 3d 626, 634 [108 Cal.Rptr. 585,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 Cal. App. 3d 342", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_102/0342_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3233e5544a877c58", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 4909, "end": 4926, "quote": "162 Cal.Rptr. 295", "context": "6, 582, 88 S.Ct. 507]; see also People v. Superior Court (Spielman) (1980) 102 Cal.App.3d 342, 346 [162 Cal.Rptr. 295]; Lorenzana v. Superior Court (1973) 9 Cal. 3d 626, 634 [108 Cal.Rptr. 585, 511 P.2d 33].) The depu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "162 Cal. Rptr. 295", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7293f46d807da4d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 4964, "end": 4977, "quote": "9 Cal. 3d 626", "context": "t (Spielman) (1980) 102 Cal.App.3d 342, 346 [162 Cal.Rptr. 295]; Lorenzana v. Superior Court (1973) 9 Cal. 3d 626, 634 [108 Cal.Rptr. 585, 511 P.2d 33].) The deputies’ use of a flashlight to illuminate the interio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 Cal. 3d 626", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_9/0626_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2603878b59f05407", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 4984, "end": 5001, "quote": "108 Cal.Rptr. 585", "context": "102 Cal.App.3d 342, 346 [162 Cal.Rptr. 295]; Lorenzana v. Superior Court (1973) 9 Cal. 3d 626, 634 [108 Cal.Rptr. 585, 511 P.2d 33].) The deputies’ use of a flashlight to illuminate the interior of the jacket pocket d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 Cal. Rptr. 585", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6bcc9e947821da45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5003, "end": 5014, "quote": "511 P.2d 33", "context": " 346 [162 Cal.Rptr. 295]; Lorenzana v. Superior Court (1973) 9 Cal. 3d 626, 634 [108 Cal.Rptr. 585, 511 P.2d 33].) The deputies’ use of a flashlight to illuminate the interior of the jacket pocket did not change", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "511 P.2d 33", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e834f4255202ce71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5179, "end": 5195, "quote": "6 Cal.App.3d 832", "context": "of the jacket pocket did not change the plain view nature of the discovery. (People v. Woods (1970) 6 Cal.App.3d 832, 838 [86 Cal.Rptr. 264]; cf. Texas v. Brown (1982) 460 U.S. 730, 739-740 [75 L.Ed.2d 502, 512, 103 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "6 Cal. App. 3d 832", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_6/0832_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb42f9d84572d171", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5202, "end": 5218, "quote": "86 Cal.Rptr. 264", "context": "d not change the plain view nature of the discovery. (People v. Woods (1970) 6 Cal.App.3d 832, 838 [86 Cal.Rptr. 264]; cf. Texas v. Brown (1982) 460 U.S. 730, 739-740 [75 L.Ed.2d 502, 512, 103 S.Ct. 1535].)\nIt is les", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 Cal. Rptr. 264", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "00743ad2608a6f22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5247, "end": 5259, "quote": "460 U.S. 730", "context": "covery. (People v. Woods (1970) 6 Cal.App.3d 832, 838 [86 Cal.Rptr. 264]; cf. Texas v. Brown (1982) 460 U.S. 730, 739-740 [75 L.Ed.2d 502, 512, 103 S.Ct. 1535].)\nIt is less clear that the officers acted properly ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "460 U.S. 730", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7676bda82253a4e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5270, "end": 5284, "quote": "75 L.Ed.2d 502", "context": "s (1970) 6 Cal.App.3d 832, 838 [86 Cal.Rptr. 264]; cf. Texas v. Brown (1982) 460 U.S. 730, 739-740 [75 L.Ed.2d 502, 512, 103 S.Ct. 1535].)\nIt is less clear that the officers acted properly in removing the jewelry f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 L. Ed. 2d 502", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7b1c1b29fbd319d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5291, "end": 5305, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 1535", "context": " 832, 838 [86 Cal.Rptr. 264]; cf. Texas v. Brown (1982) 460 U.S. 730, 739-740 [75 L.Ed.2d 502, 512, 103 S.Ct. 1535].)\nIt is less clear that the officers acted properly in removing the jewelry from appellant’s pocke", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 1535", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "043fbc7de487232e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5543, "end": 5555, "quote": "403 U.S. 443", "context": "d for plain view seizures was enunciated by a plurality opinion in Coolidge v. New Hampshire (1970) 403 U.S. 443, 465-467 [29 L.Ed.2d 564, 582-583, 91 S.Ct. 2022]: (1) the officer must be lawfully at the place wh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "403 U.S. 443", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "feb1a405a3d34b08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5566, "end": 5580, "quote": "29 L.Ed.2d 564", "context": "es was enunciated by a plurality opinion in Coolidge v. New Hampshire (1970) 403 U.S. 443, 465-467 [29 L.Ed.2d 564, 582-583, 91 S.Ct. 2022]: (1) the officer must be lawfully at the place where the evidence is disco", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 L. Ed. 2d 564", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed6f1eca20a7a631", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5591, "end": 5604, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 2022", "context": "urality opinion in Coolidge v. New Hampshire (1970) 403 U.S. 443, 465-467 [29 L.Ed.2d 564, 582-583, 91 S.Ct. 2022]: (1) the officer must be lawfully at the place where the evidence is discovered, (2) the discovery", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 2022", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a6b1f847179d35a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5962, "end": 5974, "quote": "480 U.S. 321", "context": "ist to believe the object is evidence prior to a Fourth Amendment seizure. (Arizona v. Hicks (1987) 480 U.S. 321, 327 [94 L.Ed.2d 347, 355, 107 S.Ct. 1149]; People v. Rios (1988) 205 Cal.App.3d 833, 839-840 [252 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "480 U.S. 321", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e889b10ac18c630d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 5981, "end": 5995, "quote": "94 L.Ed.2d 347", "context": "object is evidence prior to a Fourth Amendment seizure. (Arizona v. Hicks (1987) 480 U.S. 321, 327 [94 L.Ed.2d 347, 355, 107 S.Ct. 1149]; People v. Rios (1988) 205 Cal.App.3d 833, 839-840 [252 Cal.Rptr. 653].) The ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 L. Ed. 2d 347", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb1f691bd1894a6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 6002, "end": 6016, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 1149", "context": "ior to a Fourth Amendment seizure. (Arizona v. Hicks (1987) 480 U.S. 321, 327 [94 L.Ed.2d 347, 355, 107 S.Ct. 1149]; People v. Rios (1988) 205 Cal.App.3d 833, 839-840 [252 Cal.Rptr. 653].) The question arising here", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1149", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3153c2f68bf77c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 6041, "end": 6059, "quote": "205 Cal.App.3d 833", "context": "zona v. Hicks (1987) 480 U.S. 321, 327 [94 L.Ed.2d 347, 355, 107 S.Ct. 1149]; People v. Rios (1988) 205 Cal.App.3d 833, 839-840 [252 Cal.Rptr. 653].) The question arising here is whether the brief inspection of the jew", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "205 Cal. App. 3d 833", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_205/0833_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c586e6735f5588f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 6070, "end": 6087, "quote": "252 Cal.Rptr. 653", "context": " 321, 327 [94 L.Ed.2d 347, 355, 107 S.Ct. 1149]; People v. Rios (1988) 205 Cal.App.3d 833, 839-840 [252 Cal.Rptr. 653].) The question arising here is whether the brief inspection of the jewelry found in plain view in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "252 Cal. Rptr. 653", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0275cdb71a93575", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 6645, "end": 6658, "quote": "595 F.2d 1247", "context": "ntraband or evidence, the officer may then formally seize it. (United States v. Ochs (2d Cir. 1979) 595 F.2d 1247, 1256, cert. den. 444 U.S. 955 [62 L.Ed.2d 328, 100 S.Ct. 435], italics added.) The Ninth Circuit h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "595 F.2d 1247", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_595/1247_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c0860a8e0e40f02a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 6677, "end": 6689, "quote": "444 U.S. 955", "context": "r may then formally seize it. (United States v. Ochs (2d Cir. 1979) 595 F.2d 1247, 1256, cert. den. 444 U.S. 955 [62 L.Ed.2d 328, 100 S.Ct. 435], italics added.) The Ninth Circuit has agreed with Ochs, reasoning ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "444 U.S. 955", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f086426ff8bb629", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 6691, "end": 6705, "quote": "62 L.Ed.2d 328", "context": "mally seize it. (United States v. Ochs (2d Cir. 1979) 595 F.2d 1247, 1256, cert. den. 444 U.S. 955 [62 L.Ed.2d 328, 100 S.Ct. 435], italics added.) The Ninth Circuit has agreed with Ochs, reasoning that the incrimi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "62 L. Ed. 2d 328", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "af3a768dc7205866", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 6707, "end": 6720, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 435", "context": "(United States v. Ochs (2d Cir. 1979) 595 F.2d 1247, 1256, cert. den. 444 U.S. 955 [62 L.Ed.2d 328, 100 S.Ct. 435], italics added.) The Ninth Circuit has agreed with Ochs, reasoning that the incriminating nature o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 435", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6fe1bf0ae9a02296", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 6935, "end": 6947, "quote": "667 F.2d 793", "context": " not be immediately apparent without a closer examination. (United States v. Wright (9th Cir. 1982) 667 F.2d 793, 797.) Items in plain view may be inspected when the officer is “ ‘aware of some facts and circumst", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "667 F.2d 793", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_667/0793_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "297434f6674ce30d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 7187, "end": 7190, "quote": "Id.", "context": "on (not probable cause) that the items are the fruits, instrumentalities, or evidence of crime.’ ” (Id. at pp. 797-798, quoting 2 LaFave, Search and Seizure (1st ed. 1978) § 4.11, p. 174, italics added.)", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6d0aca92c4e4e40d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 7259, "end": 7265, "quote": "§ 4.11", "context": ", or evidence of crime.’ ” (Id. at pp. 797-798, quoting 2 LaFave, Search and Seizure (1st ed. 1978) § 4.11, p. 174, italics added.) The reasonable suspicion requirement permits a brief perusal without allow", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e7ee784842c9385", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 7476, "end": 7489, "quote": "708 F.2d 1365", "context": "atory rummaging in a person’s belongings.” (Ibid.; see also United States v. Issacs (9th Cir. 1983) 708 F.2d 1365, 1370; United States v. Chesher (9th Cir. 1982) 678 F.2d 1353, 1357; United States v. Hillyard (9th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "708 F.2d 1365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_708/1365_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "db76c55d6f6b8433", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 7538, "end": 7551, "quote": "678 F.2d 1353", "context": "ited States v. Issacs (9th Cir. 1983) 708 F.2d 1365, 1370; United States v. Chesher (9th Cir. 1982) 678 F.2d 1353, 1357; United States v. Hillyard (9th Cir. 1982) 677 F.2d 1336, 1341.) If no probable cause arises ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "678 F.2d 1353", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_678/1353_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a4f9a1f3d5b28cb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 7601, "end": 7614, "quote": "677 F.2d 1336", "context": "ed States v. Chesher (9th Cir. 1982) 678 F.2d 1353, 1357; United States v. Hillyard (9th Cir. 1982) 677 F.2d 1336, 1341.) If no probable cause arises within a reasonable time, the property must be returned. (Unite", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "677 F.2d 1336", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_677/1336_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2dea384d660535cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 7739, "end": 7751, "quote": "462 U.S. 696", "context": "ause arises within a reasonable time, the property must be returned. (United States v. Place (1983) 462 U.S. 696, 709-710 [77 L.Ed.2d 110, 122, 103 S.Ct. 2637].)\nHere, appellant was (1) slumped over a park bench ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "462 U.S. 696", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa82f67abd2599cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 7762, "end": 7776, "quote": "77 L.Ed.2d 110", "context": "asonable time, the property must be returned. (United States v. Place (1983) 462 U.S. 696, 709-710 [77 L.Ed.2d 110, 122, 103 S.Ct. 2637].)\nHere, appellant was (1) slumped over a park bench after sundown, (2) appear", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 L. Ed. 2d 110", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ccb644537273cb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 7783, "end": 7797, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 2637", "context": "operty must be returned. (United States v. Place (1983) 462 U.S. 696, 709-710 [77 L.Ed.2d 110, 122, 103 S.Ct. 2637].)\nHere, appellant was (1) slumped over a park bench after sundown, (2) appeared to be a transient,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 2637", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "753fc574d19943df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 8425, "end": 8431, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ences” they clearly create a reasonable suspicion justifying further investigation. (Terry v. Ohio, supra, 392 U.S. at pp. 21-22 [20 L.Ed.2d at pp. 905-906]; In re Tony C. (1978) 21 Cal.3d 888, 894 [148 Cal", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "392 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11768e25e689fd98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 8504, "end": 8517, "quote": "21 Cal.3d 888", "context": "ion. (Terry v. Ohio, supra, 392 U.S. at pp. 21-22 [20 L.Ed.2d at pp. 905-906]; In re Tony C. (1978) 21 Cal.3d 888, 894 [148 Cal.Rptr. 366, 582 P.2d 957].)\nA brief perusal of the jewelry by the deputies here might ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 Cal. 3d 888", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_21/0888_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa6aa864bf12cabd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 8524, "end": 8541, "quote": "148 Cal.Rptr. 366", "context": " supra, 392 U.S. at pp. 21-22 [20 L.Ed.2d at pp. 905-906]; In re Tony C. (1978) 21 Cal.3d 888, 894 [148 Cal.Rptr. 366, 582 P.2d 957].)\nA brief perusal of the jewelry by the deputies here might have quickly determined ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "148 Cal. Rptr. 366", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "00b85995f095b0c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 8543, "end": 8555, "quote": "582 P.2d 957", "context": " pp. 21-22 [20 L.Ed.2d at pp. 905-906]; In re Tony C. (1978) 21 Cal.3d 888, 894 [148 Cal.Rptr. 366, 582 P.2d 957].)\nA brief perusal of the jewelry by the deputies here might have quickly determined whether it was", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "582 P.2d 957", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9097c0f2b5cd4d02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 9628, "end": 9633, "quote": "supra", "context": "ing and briefly detaining a person for questioning or other limited investigation.” (In re Tony C., supra, 21 Cal.3d at p. 892; see also Terry v. Ohio, supra, 392 U.S. at pp. 19-22 [20 L.Ed.2d at pp. 904-9", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ce5bd9240bba55b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 9635, "end": 9654, "quote": "21 Cal.3d at p. 892", "context": " briefly detaining a person for questioning or other limited investigation.” (In re Tony C., supra, 21 Cal.3d at p. 892; see also Terry v. Ohio, supra, 392 U.S. at pp. 19-22 [20 L.Ed.2d at pp. 904-907].) In light of the", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "21 Cal. 3d 888", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_21/0888_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bea6d61416ae8f58", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 9680, "end": 9686, "quote": "supra,", "context": "r other limited investigation.” (In re Tony C., supra, 21 Cal.3d at p. 892; see also Terry v. Ohio, supra, 392 U.S. at pp. 19-22 [20 L.Ed.2d at pp. 904-907].) In light of the facts surrounding the discovery", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "392 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "19830653bd7c3d1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 10074, "end": 10091, "quote": "17 Cal.App.3d 530", "context": " with the value of the property is a suspicious circumstance. [Citation.]” (In re Stanley B. (1971) 17 Cal.App.3d 530, 537 [95 Cal.Rptr. 116].) Inconsistent explanations of possession of property in suspicious circums", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 Cal. App. 3d 530", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_17/0530_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d78dad6c83e34218", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 10098, "end": 10114, "quote": "95 Cal.Rptr. 116", "context": "roperty is a suspicious circumstance. [Citation.]” (In re Stanley B. (1971) 17 Cal.App.3d 530, 537 [95 Cal.Rptr. 116].) Inconsistent explanations of possession of property in suspicious circumstances, when coupled wi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 Cal. Rptr. 116", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "156aecc278ae818f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 10283, "end": 10301, "quote": "121 Cal.App.3d 239", "context": " circumstances, when coupled with flight, create probable cause to arrest. (People v. Garcia (1981) 121 Cal.App.3d 239, 246 [175 Cal.Rptr. 296].)\nIn the present case, the deputies asked appellant several questions as t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "121 Cal. App. 3d 239", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_121/0239_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f211dfa3124d895", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 10308, "end": 10325, "quote": "175 Cal.Rptr. 296", "context": "led with flight, create probable cause to arrest. (People v. Garcia (1981) 121 Cal.App.3d 239, 246 [175 Cal.Rptr. 296].)\nIn the present case, the deputies asked appellant several questions as they inspected the jewelr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "175 Cal. Rptr. 296", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "389f1ab0d82d33aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 11851, "end": 11856, "quote": "supra", "context": "Although such a “cursory inspection” without probable cause was not recognized in Arizona v. Hicks, supra, 480 U.S. at page 325 [94 L.Ed.2d at page 354], that case is clearly distinguishable. There, as pol", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "084cd7d5c10fab28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 11858, "end": 11878, "quote": "480 U.S. at page 325", "context": "h such a “cursory inspection” without probable cause was not recognized in Arizona v. Hicks, supra, 480 U.S. at page 325 [94 L.Ed.2d at page 354], that case is clearly distinguishable. There, as police officers investiga", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "480 U.S. 321", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04806d8a54773ace", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 11880, "end": 11902, "quote": "94 L.Ed.2d at page 354", "context": "ection” without probable cause was not recognized in Arizona v. Hicks, supra, 480 U.S. at page 325 [94 L.Ed.2d at page 354], that case is clearly distinguishable. There, as police officers investigated a shooting in an uno", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "94 L. Ed. 2d 347", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f94247132963294", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 12439, "end": 12445, "quote": "supra,", "context": "n which justified the immediate temporary investigative detention of appellant under Terry v. Ohio, supra, 392 U.S. at pages 19-22 [20 L.Ed.2d at pages 904-905], (See discussion, post.) Thus, unlike Hicks, ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "392 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dca2f232a3ecfe95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 12676, "end": 12681, "quote": "supra", "context": "in the personal possession of a detainee. This is more closely analogous to United States v. Place, supra, 462 U.S. at page 702 [77 L.Ed.2d at page 117], which authorized brief airport detentions of person", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74b60c497e24dad2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 12683, "end": 12703, "quote": "462 U.S. at page 702", "context": "personal possession of a detainee. This is more closely analogous to United States v. Place, supra, 462 U.S. at page 702 [77 L.Ed.2d at page 117], which authorized brief airport detentions of personal luggage based on re", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "462 U.S. 696", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de23f93f5c4484c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 12705, "end": 12727, "quote": "77 L.Ed.2d at page 117", "context": " a detainee. This is more closely analogous to United States v. Place, supra, 462 U.S. at page 702 [77 L.Ed.2d at page 117], which authorized brief airport detentions of personal luggage based on reasonable suspicion. The ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "77 L. Ed. 2d 110", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d0f18c9047ef3e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-3d/volume_212/1233_01/index.html", "start": 13104, "end": 13112, "quote": "§ 9.6(e)", "context": "ect of his luggage [than to detain the suspect himself].” (3 LaFave, Search & Seizure (2d ed. 1987) § 9.6(e), p. 590.) We therefore apply the Place rationale in this case.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5fbe49b7b57b73ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 953, "end": 966, "quote": "9 Cal.4th 559", "context": "te courts have repeated “countless times.” (Western States Petroleum Assn. v. Superior Court (1995) 9 Cal.4th 559, 571 [38 Cal.Rptr.2d 139, 888 P.2d 1268].)\nRoy Schain worked as a plumber for respondent Pangbom Pl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 Cal. 4th 559", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-4th/volume_9/0559_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eaeac29177e6f42d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 973, "end": 991, "quote": "38 Cal.Rptr.2d 139", "context": "ted “countless times.” (Western States Petroleum Assn. v. Superior Court (1995) 9 Cal.4th 559, 571 [38 Cal.Rptr.2d 139, 888 P.2d 1268].)\nRoy Schain worked as a plumber for respondent Pangbom Plumbing Corporation. Pangb", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 Cal. Rptr. 2d 139", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d13219d7e582129", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 993, "end": 1006, "quote": "888 P.2d 1268", "context": ".” (Western States Petroleum Assn. v. Superior Court (1995) 9 Cal.4th 559, 571 [38 Cal.Rptr.2d 139, 888 P.2d 1268].)\nRoy Schain worked as a plumber for respondent Pangbom Plumbing Corporation. Pangbom was retained", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "888 P.2d 1268", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68868852788fe80f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 5996, "end": 6014, "quote": "45 Cal.App.4th 631", "context": " exist.\nWe reiterate our holding in Old Republic Ins. Co. v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co. (1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 631 [53 Cal.Rptr.2d 50]: There is no such creature as a “binding arbitration with a right to appeal.” A", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 Cal. App. 4th 631", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_45/0631_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3d0f0b9b2e60eade", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 6016, "end": 6033, "quote": "53 Cal.Rptr.2d 50", "context": " our holding in Old Republic Ins. Co. v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co. (1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 631 [53 Cal.Rptr.2d 50]: There is no such creature as a “binding arbitration with a right to appeal.” Arbitrations provide", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 Cal. Rptr. 2d 50", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d6e8ea2a716946c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 7007, "end": 7025, "quote": "57 Cal.App.4th 885", "context": "rder now for then, but to enter now for then an order previously made.’ ” (Hamilton v. Laine (1997) 57 Cal.App.4th 885, 890 [67 Cal.Rptr.2d 407].)\nWhile the form of the proceedings was denominated an arbitration, its s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 Cal. App. 4th 885", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_57/0885_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7fa84610cc72979a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 7032, "end": 7050, "quote": "67 Cal.Rptr.2d 407", "context": " enter now for then an order previously made.’ ” (Hamilton v. Laine (1997) 57 Cal.App.4th 885, 890 [67 Cal.Rptr.2d 407].)\nWhile the form of the proceedings was denominated an arbitration, its substance was a reference—", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 Cal. Rptr. 2d 407", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1de8174671a98a62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 7375, "end": 7380, "quote": "§ 638", "context": "rs the referee “to try any or all of the issues . . . whether of fact or of law.” (Code Civ. Proc., § 638, subd. 1.) It must be voluntary and arises by agreement. (Murphy v. Padilla (1996) 42 Cal.App.4th 7", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "954f93deccd4b14f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 7464, "end": 7482, "quote": "42 Cal.App.4th 707", "context": "iv. Proc., § 638, subd. 1.) It must be voluntary and arises by agreement. (Murphy v. Padilla (1996) 42 Cal.App.4th 707, 714 [49 Cal.Rptr.2d 722] [“A trial court’s nonconsensual general reference constitutes an unconsti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 Cal. App. 4th 707", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_42/0707_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7e87396b95a5efc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 7489, "end": 7507, "quote": "49 Cal.Rptr.2d 722", "context": ".) It must be voluntary and arises by agreement. (Murphy v. Padilla (1996) 42 Cal.App.4th 707, 714 [49 Cal.Rptr.2d 722] [“A trial court’s nonconsensual general reference constitutes an unconstitutional abdication of ju", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 Cal. Rptr. 2d 722", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f701cead538f574", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 9244, "end": 9249, "quote": "supra", "context": "cut out the middleman: the trial judge.” (Old Republic Ins. Co. v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co., supra, 45 Cal.App.4th at p. 638.) To the contrary, Judge Alfano independently reviewed Judge Foster’s fin", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b97d816c95ae7e9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 9251, "end": 9275, "quote": "45 Cal.App.4th at p. 638", "context": " the middleman: the trial judge.” (Old Republic Ins. Co. v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co., supra, 45 Cal.App.4th at p. 638.) To the contrary, Judge Alfano independently reviewed Judge Foster’s findings and issued his own d", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "45 Cal. App. 4th 631", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_45/0631_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d0ea8645e7a87f5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 10603, "end": 10621, "quote": "53 Cal.App.4th 500", "context": "of the parties’ mutual intent. (Continental Heller Corp. v. Amtech Mechanical Services, Inc. (1997) 53 Cal.App.4th 500, 504 [61 Cal.Rptr.2d 668].) Here, the subcontract clearly intended to utilize an “express” or “Type", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 Cal. App. 4th 500", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "648196c0a4178838", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 10628, "end": 10646, "quote": "61 Cal.Rptr.2d 668", "context": "tent. (Continental Heller Corp. v. Amtech Mechanical Services, Inc. (1997) 53 Cal.App.4th 500, 504 [61 Cal.Rptr.2d 668].) Here, the subcontract clearly intended to utilize an “express” or “Type I” category of indemnity", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 Cal. Rptr. 2d 668", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c14538fda9c34809", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 10850, "end": 10867, "quote": "29 Cal.App.3d 413", "context": "eement, within the three categories set out in MacDonald & Kruse, Inc. v. San Jose Steel Co. (1972) 29 Cal.App.3d 413, 419-421 [105 Cal.Rptr. 725]. This obligates Pangborn to indemnify Tutor-Saliba even for the latter", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 Cal. App. 3d 413", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-3d/volume_29/0413_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "25c9895c4d3ee455", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 10878, "end": 10895, "quote": "105 Cal.Rptr. 725", "context": "egories set out in MacDonald & Kruse, Inc. v. San Jose Steel Co. (1972) 29 Cal.App.3d 413, 419-421 [105 Cal.Rptr. 725]. This obligates Pangborn to indemnify Tutor-Saliba even for the latter’s own active negligence so ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 Cal. Rptr. 725", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "739000d53dc22984", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 11401, "end": 11408, "quote": "§ 2782.", "context": " harmless an indemnitee for the indemnitee’s sole negligence in construction contracts. (Civ. Code, § 2782.) It is against California public policy for a general contractor to use its economic clout to preem", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1296e6eef0fa594c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 13586, "end": 13603, "quote": "237 Cal.App.2d 94", "context": "was water on the 20th floor. They also rely on cases like Jones v. McFarland Co-Op Gin, Inc. (1965) 237 Cal.App.2d 94 [46 Cal.Rptr. 572] to argue that any finding of negligence by Tutor-Saliba must be imputed to Pangb", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "237 Cal. App. 2d 94", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-2d/volume_237/0094_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3524579e83661e53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 13605, "end": 13621, "quote": "46 Cal.Rptr. 572", "context": "th floor. They also rely on cases like Jones v. McFarland Co-Op Gin, Inc. (1965) 237 Cal.App.2d 94 [46 Cal.Rptr. 572] to argue that any finding of negligence by Tutor-Saliba must be imputed to Pangbom because Pangbom", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 Cal. Rptr. 572", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d60328f811da14e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 13822, "end": 13840, "quote": "234 Cal.App.2d 435", "context": "had a coequal duty to provide a safe place to work. (See also Scott v. John E. Branagh & Son (1965) 234 Cal.App.2d 435 [44 Cal.Rptr. 384]; and Conner v. Utah Constr. & Mining Co. (1964) 231 Cal.App.2d 263 [41 Cal.Rptr.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "234 Cal. App. 2d 435", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-2d/volume_234/0435_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c320c82e189b0ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 13842, "end": 13858, "quote": "44 Cal.Rptr. 384", "context": "o provide a safe place to work. (See also Scott v. John E. Branagh & Son (1965) 234 Cal.App.2d 435 [44 Cal.Rptr. 384]; and Conner v. Utah Constr. & Mining Co. (1964) 231 Cal.App.2d 263 [41 Cal.Rptr. 728].)\nNot only a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 Cal. Rptr. 384", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62a520f876762518", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 13908, "end": 13926, "quote": "231 Cal.App.2d 263", "context": " & Son (1965) 234 Cal.App.2d 435 [44 Cal.Rptr. 384]; and Conner v. Utah Constr. & Mining Co. (1964) 231 Cal.App.2d 263 [41 Cal.Rptr. 728].)\nNot only are appellants’ cases distinguishable on their facts, but they were s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "231 Cal. App. 2d 263", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-2d/volume_231/0263_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4016bc00c7b82b6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 13928, "end": 13944, "quote": "41 Cal.Rptr. 728", "context": "l.App.2d 435 [44 Cal.Rptr. 384]; and Conner v. Utah Constr. & Mining Co. (1964) 231 Cal.App.2d 263 [41 Cal.Rptr. 728].)\nNot only are appellants’ cases distinguishable on their facts, but they were so distinguished in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "41 Cal. Rptr. 728", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c5bea1721304ede", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 14069, "end": 14087, "quote": "245 Cal.App.2d 651", "context": "ts’ cases distinguishable on their facts, but they were so distinguished in Souza v. Pratico (1966) 245 Cal.App.2d 651, 661-662 [54 Cal.Rptr. 159]. Souza dismissed the identical argument: “The above three cases, howeve", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "245 Cal. App. 2d 651", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-2d/volume_245/0651_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2bdd630cbfd8af0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 14098, "end": 14114, "quote": "54 Cal.Rptr. 159", "context": "their facts, but they were so distinguished in Souza v. Pratico (1966) 245 Cal.App.2d 651, 661-662 [54 Cal.Rptr. 159]. Souza dismissed the identical argument: “The above three cases, however, do not stand for the pro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 Cal. Rptr. 159", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77b687c35263f961", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 14554, "end": 14557, "quote": "Id.", "context": "mmediate employer was concurrently negligent under the particular facts of the respective case.’'’ (Id. at p. 660.)\nWe do not decide what reasonable inferences should be drawn from the evidence. Suffice ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "330accca66da966a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 15477, "end": 15495, "quote": "29 Cal.App.4th 753", "context": "ndemnity directly under the Nationwide insurance policy. (Herrick Corp. v. Canadian Ins. Co. (1994) 29 Cal.App.4th 753, 762 [34 Cal.Rptr.2d 844].)\nThis requires us to examine the contractual language and intent in two ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 Cal. App. 4th 753", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fafe65dbd484ca02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 15502, "end": 15520, "quote": "34 Cal.Rptr.2d 844", "context": "he Nationwide insurance policy. (Herrick Corp. v. Canadian Ins. Co. (1994) 29 Cal.App.4th 753, 762 [34 Cal.Rptr.2d 844].)\nThis requires us to examine the contractual language and intent in two separate documents: (1) t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 Cal. Rptr. 2d 844", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c4b65d4035bd5b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 16306, "end": 16323, "quote": "65 Cal.App.4th 21", "context": "not caused by Pangborn’s negligence. We agree. (Maryland Casualty Co. v. Nationwide Ins. Co. (1998) 65 Cal.App.4th 21, 30 [76 Cal.Rptr.2d 113] [“held liable” clause in additional- insured endorsement limits coverage “", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 Cal. App. 4th 21", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_65/0021_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cf5248a1ffae1179", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 16329, "end": 16347, "quote": "76 Cal.Rptr.2d 113", "context": "s negligence. We agree. (Maryland Casualty Co. v. Nationwide Ins. Co. (1998) 65 Cal.App.4th 21, 30 [76 Cal.Rptr.2d 113] [“held liable” clause in additional- insured endorsement limits coverage “where the subcontractor’", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 Cal. Rptr. 2d 113", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d429153ab4fdc6a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 17812, "end": 17825, "quote": "16 Cal.4th 35", "context": "y, consistent with an insured’s objectively reasonable expectations. (Buss v. Superior Court (1997) 16 Cal.4th 35, 45 [65 Cal.Rptr.2d 366, 939 P.2d 766].)\nThe court made a factual determination that Tutor-Saliba’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 Cal. 4th 35", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-4th/volume_16/0035_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "43efcdf3e4e2b42d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 17831, "end": 17849, "quote": "65 Cal.Rptr.2d 366", "context": "an insured’s objectively reasonable expectations. (Buss v. Superior Court (1997) 16 Cal.4th 35, 45 [65 Cal.Rptr.2d 366, 939 P.2d 766].)\nThe court made a factual determination that Tutor-Saliba’s liability arose solely ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 Cal. Rptr. 2d 366", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5fecde315690bff4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 17851, "end": 17863, "quote": "939 P.2d 766", "context": "vely reasonable expectations. (Buss v. Superior Court (1997) 16 Cal.4th 35, 45 [65 Cal.Rptr.2d 366, 939 P.2d 766].)\nThe court made a factual determination that Tutor-Saliba’s liability arose solely from the failu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "939 P.2d 766", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "71eb24005a140ab9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 18147, "end": 18160, "quote": "699 So.2d 736", "context": "om’s operations. (See, e.g., Liberty Mut. Ins. Co. v. Capeletti Bros., Inc. (Fla.Dist.Ct.App. 1997) 699 So.2d 736, 738 [“[t]he plain meaning of this language does not provide [the general contractor] coverage for ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "699 So. 2d 736", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_699/0736_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "739ed3dff621e6c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 18504, "end": 18516, "quote": "section 2782", "context": "ement furthers California’s interest in preventing construction-related accidents. While Civil Code section 2782 does not directly affect the validity of additional insured endorsements (which serve distinctly di", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63607ff70744a3dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 19367, "end": 19388, "quote": "3 Conn. Ins. L.J. 169", "context": "ndard of care.” (Mehta, Additional Insured Status in Construction Contracts and Moral Hazard (1996) 3 Conn. Ins. L.J. 169, 186-187, fns. omitted; cf. Tanns v. Ben A. Borenstein and Co. (1997) 293 Ill.App.3d 582 [227 Ill.D", "category": "FullJournalCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30d6140a0850efb6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 19459, "end": 19477, "quote": "293 Ill.App.3d 582", "context": " (1996) 3 Conn. Ins. L.J. 169, 186-187, fns. omitted; cf. Tanns v. Ben A. Borenstein and Co. (1997) 293 Ill.App.3d 582 [227 Ill.Dec. 974, 688 N.E.2d 667, 671-672].)\nTutor-Saliba could have insisted upon a broader addit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "293 Ill. App. 3d 582", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_293/0582_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8241595acb5f08d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 19479, "end": 19495, "quote": "227 Ill.Dec. 974", "context": " L.J. 169, 186-187, fns. omitted; cf. Tanns v. Ben A. Borenstein and Co. (1997) 293 Ill.App.3d 582 [227 Ill.Dec. 974, 688 N.E.2d 667, 671-672].)\nTutor-Saliba could have insisted upon a broader additional insured endo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "227 Ill. Dec. 974", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "599fe9c51b278da3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 19497, "end": 19511, "quote": "688 N.E.2d 667", "context": ", fns. omitted; cf. Tanns v. Ben A. Borenstein and Co. (1997) 293 Ill.App.3d 582 [227 Ill.Dec. 974, 688 N.E.2d 667, 671-672].)\nTutor-Saliba could have insisted upon a broader additional insured endorsement with no ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "688 N.E.2d 667", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "85a6ef840a825ffe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 19783, "end": 19801, "quote": "69 Cal.App.4th 321", "context": "ure to supervise Pangborn’s acts. (See, e.g., Acceptance Ins. Co. v. Syufy Enterprises, Inc. (1999) 69 Cal.App.4th 321 [81 Cal.Rptr.2d 557] [additional insurance endorsement extends coverage to property owner for any i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 Cal. App. 4th 321", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0321_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "763725dfa849a9eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 19803, "end": 19821, "quote": "81 Cal.Rptr.2d 557", "context": "gborn’s acts. (See, e.g., Acceptance Ins. Co. v. Syufy Enterprises, Inc. (1999) 69 Cal.App.4th 321 [81 Cal.Rptr.2d 557] [additional insurance endorsement extends coverage to property owner for any injuries to subcontra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 Cal. Rptr. 2d 557", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b05e54c360f33b3b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 20437, "end": 20440, "quote": "Id.", "context": " additional insured is faced with vicarious liability for negligent conduct by the named insured.” (Id. at p. 330.)\nIndeed, Tutor-Saliba, a sophisticated and highly knowledgeable litigant, raised no obje", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5d0886161052ad7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 21296, "end": 21303, "quote": "§ 1717.", "context": "rney fees as the prevailing party under the attorney fees provision in the subcontract. (Civ. Code, § 1717.) Nationwide objects because Tutor-Saliba did not proceed “by noticed motion as required by the stat", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f20f9be63e563e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 21421, "end": 21427, "quote": "§ 1717", "context": "ts because Tutor-Saliba did not proceed “by noticed motion as required by the statute.” (Civ. Code, § 1717, subd. (b)(1).)\nTutor-Saliba has waived any claim to attorney fees by failing to timely pursue it b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "329753d102468dfc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 21557, "end": 21574, "quote": "9 Cal.App.4th 365", "context": "has waived any claim to attorney fees by failing to timely pursue it below. (Bankes v. Lucas (1992) 9 Cal.App.4th 365, 370-371 [11 Cal.Rptr.2d 723].) During the hearing the referee deferred any attorney fee claim unti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 Cal. App. 4th 365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_9/0365_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d300b877b6fc5647", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 21585, "end": 21603, "quote": "11 Cal.Rptr.2d 723", "context": "rney fees by failing to timely pursue it below. (Bankes v. Lucas (1992) 9 Cal.App.4th 365, 370-371 [11 Cal.Rptr.2d 723].) During the hearing the referee deferred any attorney fee claim until after it determined the ind", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 Cal. Rptr. 2d 723", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c77042447f23695a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 22610, "end": 22619, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "nt is affirmed. Respondents are entitled to their costs on appeal.\nWallin, Acting P. J., concurred.\nSection 4 of the subcontract agreement provides as follows: “[Pangbom] agrees: ...(c) To indemnify, defend an", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0fa8d71150d2b8fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 24144, "end": 24163, "quote": "140 Cal.App.3d 1011", "context": "ported conflict between C.I. Engineers & Constructors, Inc. v. Johnson & Turner Painting Co. (1983) 140 Cal.App.3d 1011 [189 Cal.Rptr. 824] and Southern Pacific Transportation Co. v. Sandyland Protective Assn. (1990) 22", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 Cal. App. 3d 1011", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-3d/volume_140/1011_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67519dbf9ebe7a56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 24165, "end": 24182, "quote": "189 Cal.Rptr. 824", "context": "en C.I. Engineers & Constructors, Inc. v. Johnson & Turner Painting Co. (1983) 140 Cal.App.3d 1011 [189 Cal.Rptr. 824] and Southern Pacific Transportation Co. v. Sandyland Protective Assn. (1990) 224 Cal.App.3d 1494 [", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "189 Cal. Rptr. 824", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e8e2232a6dc65eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 24261, "end": 24280, "quote": "224 Cal.App.3d 1494", "context": "11 [189 Cal.Rptr. 824] and Southern Pacific Transportation Co. v. Sandyland Protective Assn. (1990) 224 Cal.App.3d 1494 [274 Cal.Rptr. 626].\nTutor-Saliba’s project manager, Bill Best, could not identify any acts or omis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "224 Cal. App. 3d 1494", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-3d/volume_224/1494_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f8a213fd3442d1a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 24282, "end": 24299, "quote": "274 Cal.Rptr. 626", "context": "] and Southern Pacific Transportation Co. v. Sandyland Protective Assn. (1990) 224 Cal.App.3d 1494 [274 Cal.Rptr. 626].\nTutor-Saliba’s project manager, Bill Best, could not identify any acts or omissions by Pangbom th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "274 Cal. Rptr. 626", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "324fe2e0f2d0e2ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 26399, "end": 26417, "quote": "215 Cal.App.3d 814", "context": "ureds who are left without any insurer-provided defense. (See Ceresino v. Fire Ins. Exchange (1989) 215 Cal.App.3d 814, 823 [264 Cal.Rptr. 30].) Moreover, Nationwide’s duty to pay defense costs arises (if at all) from ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "215 Cal. App. 3d 814", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-3d/volume_215/0814_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3e9f8a0ab774e31d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 26424, "end": 26440, "quote": "264 Cal.Rptr. 30", "context": "t any insurer-provided defense. (See Ceresino v. Fire Ins. Exchange (1989) 215 Cal.App.3d 814, 823 [264 Cal.Rptr. 30].) Moreover, Nationwide’s duty to pay defense costs arises (if at all) from Pangbom’s breach of its", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "264 Cal. Rptr. 30", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c3906f77f7d8e3c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 27762, "end": 27780, "quote": "45 Cal.App.4th 631", "context": "te jurisdiction where none exists. (Old Republic Ins. Co. v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co. (1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 631, 639 [53 Cal.Rptr.2d 50].) Nunc pro tunc orders operate to correct the record to reflect what actua", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 Cal. App. 4th 631", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_45/0631_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9f02d7f85bf578df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 27787, "end": 27804, "quote": "53 Cal.Rptr.2d 50", "context": "e exists. (Old Republic Ins. Co. v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co. (1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 631, 639 [53 Cal.Rptr.2d 50].) Nunc pro tunc orders operate to correct the record to reflect what actually transpired; not to c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 Cal. Rptr. 2d 50", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32e056a273c67ce3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 27997, "end": 28015, "quote": "57 Cal.App.4th 885", "context": "ot to change the past or to record that something happened which did not. (Hamilton v. Laine (1997) 57 Cal.App.4th 885, 890-891 [67 Cal.Rptr.2d 407].)\nExcept for certain nunc pro tunc orders which are statutorily autho", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 Cal. App. 4th 885", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_57/0885_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4b455bbf916e6171", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 28026, "end": 28044, "quote": "67 Cal.Rptr.2d 407", "context": "ecord that something happened which did not. (Hamilton v. Laine (1997) 57 Cal.App.4th 885, 890-891 [67 Cal.Rptr.2d 407].)\nExcept for certain nunc pro tunc orders which are statutorily authorized, primarily in the Famil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 Cal. Rptr. 2d 407", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba6e78afc3a62e9f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 28174, "end": 28180, "quote": "§ 2346", "context": "o tunc orders which are statutorily authorized, primarily in the Family Code (see, e.g., Fam. Code, § 2346), such orders are essentially limited to correcting clerical error. (Hamilton v. Laine, supra, 57 C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c34caa59854eb305", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 28269, "end": 28275, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ode, § 2346), such orders are essentially limited to correcting clerical error. (Hamilton v. Laine, supra, 57 Cal.App.4th at pp. 890-891.) “The court can only make the record show that something was actuall", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "928cdcd1f92ca5b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 28534, "end": 28538, "quote": "§ 63", "context": "lare that something was done that was not done.” (7 Witkin, Cal. Procedure (4th ed. 1997) Judgment, § 63, p. 591, italics omitted, citing City of Los Angeles v. Superior Court (Peters) (1968) 264 Cal.App.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a2907cb65b0dbb5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 28626, "end": 28644, "quote": "264 Cal.App.2d 766", "context": "dgment, § 63, p. 591, italics omitted, citing City of Los Angeles v. Superior Court (Peters) (1968) 264 Cal.App.2d 766, 771 [70 Cal.Rptr. 826].) Such an order is not a time machine permitting courts to return to the pa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "264 Cal. App. 2d 766", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app-2d/volume_264/0766_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d3b615d2cb728965", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 28651, "end": 28667, "quote": "70 Cal.Rptr. 826", "context": "lics omitted, citing City of Los Angeles v. Superior Court (Peters) (1968) 264 Cal.App.2d 766, 771 [70 Cal.Rptr. 826].) Such an order is not a time machine permitting courts to return to the past and retroactively ch", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 Cal. Rptr. 826", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "263cb39dab027fc3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 30289, "end": 30291, "quote": "(§", "context": "native Dispute Resolution (The Rutter Group 1997))\nCONTRACTUAL ARBITRATION\n1. Contractual agreement (§ 1281)\n2. Parties give arbitrator the power top decide their dispute (Practice. Guide, H 5:6)\n3. Par", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49eba2a449ab5da4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 30290, "end": 30296, "quote": "§ 1281", "context": "ative Dispute Resolution (The Rutter Group 1997))\nCONTRACTUAL ARBITRATION\n1. Contractual agreement (§ 1281)\n2. Parties give arbitrator the power top decide their dispute (Practice. Guide, H 5:6)\n3. Parties ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "38c15318030d79d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 30569, "end": 30571, "quote": "(§", "context": "mine qualifications of arbitrator (Practice Guide, ^ 5:24)\n5. Parties choose and appoint arbitrator (§ 1280, subd. (d))\n6. Parties determine number of arbitrators (Practice Guide, ^ 5:24)\n7. No court fi", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05712a40bec559d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 30570, "end": 30576, "quote": "§ 1280", "context": "ine qualifications of arbitrator (Practice Guide, ^ 5:24)\n5. Parties choose and appoint arbitrator (§ 1280, subd. (d))\n6. Parties determine number of arbitrators (Practice Guide, ^ 5:24)\n7. No court file is", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b5dbbbbcb8846b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_69/0709_01/index.html", "start": 30907, "end": 30909, "quote": "(§", "context": "law in reaching his award (Practice Guide, H 5:65)\n10. Parties determine if rules of evidence apply (§ 1282.2, subd. (a)(2)(F)(d))\n11. Arbitrator issues award to parties (§ 1283.4)\n12. Parties may petit", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
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{"id": "d0aadd2184817473", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 4191, "end": 4208, "quote": "3 Cal.App.4th 467", "context": "epartment quite properly relies upon federal authority, (plait v. North American Watch Corp. (1992) 3 Cal.App.4th 467, 475-476 [4 Cal.Rptr.2d 522].)\nThe federal authority on the definition of adverse employment action", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 Cal. App. 4th 467", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_3/0467_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6dae2d004557cc03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 4219, "end": 4236, "quote": "4 Cal.Rptr.2d 522", "context": "ies upon federal authority, (plait v. North American Watch Corp. (1992) 3 Cal.App.4th 467, 475-476 [4 Cal.Rptr.2d 522].)\nThe federal authority on the definition of adverse employment action varies from federal circuit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 Cal. Rptr. 2d 522", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ccc242647d16666e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 4531, "end": 4542, "quote": "97 F.3d 876", "context": "se change in the terms of . . . employment.” (Kocsis v. Multi-Care Management, Inc. (6th Cir. 1996) 97 F.3d 876, 885.)\nThe inquiry as to whether an employment action is adverse requires a case-by-case determinat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 F.3d 876", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_97/0876_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "922fe7dff507c0dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 4718, "end": 4729, "quote": "75 F.3d 716", "context": " case-by-case determination based upon objective evidence. (Blackie v. State of Me. (1st Cir. 1996) 75 F.3d 716, 725.) As the First Circuit observed in Blackie, “[w]ork places are rarely idyllic retreats, and th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 F.3d 716", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_75/0716_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "53adfc98dcc3e8f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 5284, "end": 5295, "quote": "85 F.3d 270", "context": "uld form the basis of a discrimination suit.” (Williams v. Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. (7th Cir. 1996) 85 F.3d 270, 274.)\nThe Department suggests that adverse employment action is limited to actions like discharge,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 F.3d 270", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_85/0270_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23c63c4ebbb1faa5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 5483, "end": 5495, "quote": "830 F.2d 692", "context": "e discharge, demotion, and refusal to hire or promote. In Collins v. State of Ill. (7th Cir. (1987) 830 F.2d 692, 703, the court said: “We believe adverse job action is not limited solely to loss or reduction of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "830 F.2d 692", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_830/0692_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "87cdfe2d55c6bc48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 6219, "end": 6231, "quote": "454 F.2d 234", "context": "scope of an adverse employment action (Rogers v. Equal Employment Opportunity Com’n (5th Cir. 1971) 454 F.2d 234), most circuits require that the action “be more disruptive than a mere inconvenience or an alterat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "454 F.2d 234", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_454/0234_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f74f07672b7789d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 6726, "end": 6738, "quote": "993 F.2d 132", "context": "ght be unique to a particular situation.” (Crady v. Liberty Nat. Bank and Trust Co. (7th Cir. 1993) 993 F.2d 132, 136.) The employment action must be both detrimental and substantial. (Bemheim v. Litt (2d Cir. 19", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "993 F.2d 132", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_993/0132_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9caed72facdf1513", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 6842, "end": 6853, "quote": "79 F.3d 318", "context": "6.) The employment action must be both detrimental and substantial. (Bemheim v. Litt (2d Cir. 1996) 79 F.3d 318, 327 (cone. opn. of Jacob, C. J.).)\nWe must analyze Thomas’s complaints of adverse employment actio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 F.3d 318", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_79/0318_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "08f10b8ce62bf0ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 7622, "end": 7629, "quote": "§ 12920", "context": " mental disability, medical condition, marital status, sex, age, or sexual orientation” (Gov. Code, § 12920), we do not find that Thomas’s complaint alleges the necessary material changes in the terms of her", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79b16b27ed0278c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 8389, "end": 8402, "quote": "section 12940", "context": "Department. A claim of retaliation must be based upon an adverse employment action. Government Code section 12940 makes the employment practices described in that section unlawful. Federal law is similar. (Veprins", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fa7ce64e096e9454", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal-app-4th/volume_77/0507_01/index.html", "start": 8543, "end": 8554, "quote": "87 F.3d 881", "context": " in that section unlawful. Federal law is similar. (Veprinsky v. Fluor Daniel, Inc. (7th Cir. 1996) 87 F.3d 881, 886.) Thomas’s complaint that a department employee interfered with her appointment as chairperson", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 F.3d 881", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_87/0881_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "6bfce4581fe5b2fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 595, "end": 606, "quote": "section 685", "context": ".\nThe original execution in this case was issued on the date last mentioned under the provisions of section 685 of the Code of Civil Procedure which had been amended during the first five years of the life of th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e75384d57682ed4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 2041, "end": 2053, "quote": "151 Cal. 432", "context": ", 1907, this court affirmed the order of April 10, 1905, enforcing the judgment. (Weldon v. Rogers, 151 Cal. 432, [90 Pac. 1062].)\nSupposing that the undertaking in double the amount of the judgment had operated ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 Cal. 432", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_151/0432_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b432ff47a7441e15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 2056, "end": 2068, "quote": "90 Pac. 1062", "context": "urt affirmed the order of April 10, 1905, enforcing the judgment. (Weldon v. Rogers, 151 Cal. 432, [90 Pac. 1062].)\nSupposing that the undertaking in double the amount of the judgment had operated as a stay, resp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 P. 1062", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4d93294db7f5e9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 2520, "end": 2531, "quote": "section 942", "context": " to defendant because it was entered ex parte as to him, and this court also determined that, under section 942 of the Code of Civil Procedure, the bond did not operate as a stay, and that, therefore, neither th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc581793cb3bc688", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 2692, "end": 2704, "quote": "154 Cal. 632", "context": "a stay, and that, therefore, neither the sureties nor the appellant were liable. (Weldon v. Rogers, 154 Cal. 632, [98 Pac. 1070].)\nOn February 23, 1909, plaintiff gave notice of motion for an order directing the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "154 Cal. 632", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_154/0632_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "810761b5db89cd9a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 2707, "end": 2719, "quote": "98 Pac. 1070", "context": "t, therefore, neither the sureties nor the appellant were liable. (Weldon v. Rogers, 154 Cal. 632, [98 Pac. 1070].)\nOn February 23, 1909, plaintiff gave notice of motion for an order directing the clerk to issue ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 P. 1070", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "26567e2dbe34c66f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 3504, "end": 3515, "quote": "38 Cal. 649", "context": "apprised of a' similar attachment on defendant’s stock in the Pacific Savings Bank. Blood v. Light, 38 Cal. 649, [99 Am. Dec. 441], is cited as authority to the effect that such mistake is fatal to the validity ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 Cal. 649", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_38/0649_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00ab20300967b3a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 3518, "end": 3533, "quote": "99 Am. Dec. 441", "context": " similar attachment on defendant’s stock in the Pacific Savings Bank. Blood v. Light, 38 Cal. 649, [99 Am. Dec. 441], is cited as authority to the effect that such mistake is fatal to the validity of the levy. That ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 Am. Dec. 441", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "872ecd81712875a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 4608, "end": 4619, "quote": "67 Cal. 564", "context": "tle of the purchaser at sheriff’s sale does not depend on the return to the writ. Hibbard v. Smith, 67 Cal. 564, [56 Am. Rep. 726, 4 Pac. 473, 8 Pac. 46]; McFall v. Buckeye Grangers’ Warehouse Assoc., 122 Cal. 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 Cal. 564", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "57a55073d5eda880", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 4622, "end": 4637, "quote": "56 Am. Rep. 726", "context": "chaser at sheriff’s sale does not depend on the return to the writ. Hibbard v. Smith, 67 Cal. 564, [56 Am. Rep. 726, 4 Pac. 473, 8 Pac. 46]; McFall v. Buckeye Grangers’ Warehouse Assoc., 122 Cal. 471, [68 Am. St. Re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 Am. Rep. 726", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b7d139bbdee215bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 4639, "end": 4649, "quote": "4 Pac. 473", "context": "’s sale does not depend on the return to the writ. Hibbard v. Smith, 67 Cal. 564, [56 Am. Rep. 726, 4 Pac. 473, 8 Pac. 46]; McFall v. Buckeye Grangers’ Warehouse Assoc., 122 Cal. 471, [68 Am. St. Rep. 47, 55 Pa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 P. 473", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c9510a764665f6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 4651, "end": 4660, "quote": "8 Pac. 46", "context": " not depend on the return to the writ. Hibbard v. Smith, 67 Cal. 564, [56 Am. Rep. 726, 4 Pac. 473, 8 Pac. 46]; McFall v. Buckeye Grangers’ Warehouse Assoc., 122 Cal. 471, [68 Am. St. Rep. 47, 55 Pac. 253].) I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 P. 46", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e803ce41330abe29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 4709, "end": 4721, "quote": "122 Cal. 471", "context": "7 Cal. 564, [56 Am. Rep. 726, 4 Pac. 473, 8 Pac. 46]; McFall v. Buckeye Grangers’ Warehouse Assoc., 122 Cal. 471, [68 Am. St. Rep. 47, 55 Pac. 253].) It is therefore clear that the matter of the correctness of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 Cal. 471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_122/0471_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7544e46ce92e3bf4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 4724, "end": 4742, "quote": "68 Am. St. Rep. 47", "context": " Am. Rep. 726, 4 Pac. 473, 8 Pac. 46]; McFall v. Buckeye Grangers’ Warehouse Assoc., 122 Cal. 471, [68 Am. St. Rep. 47, 55 Pac. 253].) It is therefore clear that the matter of the correctness of the sheriff’s return is", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 Am. St. Rep. 47", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1d08695f2f32e3b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 4744, "end": 4755, "quote": "55 Pac. 253", "context": ". 473, 8 Pac. 46]; McFall v. Buckeye Grangers’ Warehouse Assoc., 122 Cal. 471, [68 Am. St. Rep. 47, 55 Pac. 253].) It is therefore clear that the matter of the correctness of the sheriff’s return is one collater", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 P. 253", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1fc6d0aeaa800545", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 5120, "end": 5131, "quote": "section 271", "context": " could not be revived thereafter. The only authority cited in this behalf is Freeman on Executions, section 271, where it is said, among other things, that “the only proper object of a levy is to compel satisfac", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0235624a19250e30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 7847, "end": 7860, "quote": "103 Iowa, 140", "context": "second writ is not necessarily an abandonment of the first one, has been held in Dunham v. Bentley, 103 Iowa, 140, [72 N. W. 437]; Bouton v. Lord, & Hatheway, 10 Ohio St. 458; Mason v. Hull, 55 Ohio St. 272, [45 N", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 Iowa, 140", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba3a74a9f73d158f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 7863, "end": 7875, "quote": "72 N. W. 437", "context": "ot necessarily an abandonment of the first one, has been held in Dunham v. Bentley, 103 Iowa, 140, [72 N. W. 437]; Bouton v. Lord, & Hatheway, 10 Ohio St. 458; Mason v. Hull, 55 Ohio St. 272, [45 N. E. 632]; West", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 N.W. 437", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4ce0f9e64c5eaf5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 7906, "end": 7921, "quote": "10 Ohio St. 458", "context": "one, has been held in Dunham v. Bentley, 103 Iowa, 140, [72 N. W. 437]; Bouton v. Lord, & Hatheway, 10 Ohio St. 458; Mason v. Hull, 55 Ohio St. 272, [45 N. E. 632]; West v. St. Johns, 63 Iowa, 292, [19 N. W. 238]; M", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "10 Ohio St. 458", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59b7af243b7147cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 7938, "end": 7953, "quote": "55 Ohio St. 272", "context": "Bentley, 103 Iowa, 140, [72 N. W. 437]; Bouton v. Lord, & Hatheway, 10 Ohio St. 458; Mason v. Hull, 55 Ohio St. 272, [45 N. E. 632]; West v. St. Johns, 63 Iowa, 292, [19 N. W. 238]; Menge v. Wiley, 100 Pa. St. 619. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 Ohio St. 272", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "71317010e4a7006e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 7956, "end": 7968, "quote": "45 N. E. 632", "context": " 140, [72 N. W. 437]; Bouton v. Lord, & Hatheway, 10 Ohio St. 458; Mason v. Hull, 55 Ohio St. 272, [45 N. E. 632]; West v. St. Johns, 63 Iowa, 292, [19 N. W. 238]; Menge v. Wiley, 100 Pa. St. 619. Nor does mere d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 N.E. 632", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6bd50344c44af461", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 7990, "end": 8002, "quote": "63 Iowa, 292", "context": "rd, & Hatheway, 10 Ohio St. 458; Mason v. Hull, 55 Ohio St. 272, [45 N. E. 632]; West v. St. Johns, 63 Iowa, 292, [19 N. W. 238]; Menge v. Wiley, 100 Pa. St. 619. Nor does mere delay in making the sale operate as", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 Iowa, 292", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d43ef780e853a6ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 8005, "end": 8017, "quote": "19 N. W. 238", "context": " 10 Ohio St. 458; Mason v. Hull, 55 Ohio St. 272, [45 N. E. 632]; West v. St. Johns, 63 Iowa, 292, [19 N. W. 238]; Menge v. Wiley, 100 Pa. St. 619. Nor does mere delay in making the sale operate as an abandonment", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 N.W. 238", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49e3aa04e28d409d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 8217, "end": 8228, "quote": "94 Cal. 224", "context": " of the levy, as was said by this court in Southern California Lumber Co. v. Ocean Beach Hotel Co., 94 Cal. 224, [28 Am. St. Rep. 115, 29 Pac. 629], speaking of the validity of a sale by the sheriff after the re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 Cal. 224", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5314a7c4d52c487c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 8231, "end": 8250, "quote": "28 Am. St. Rep. 115", "context": "as was said by this court in Southern California Lumber Co. v. Ocean Beach Hotel Co., 94 Cal. 224, [28 Am. St. Rep. 115, 29 Pac. 629], speaking of the validity of a sale by the sheriff after the return day of the writ: ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 Am. St. Rep. 115", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c1f2ea9178190e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 8252, "end": 8263, "quote": "29 Pac. 629", "context": "ourt in Southern California Lumber Co. v. Ocean Beach Hotel Co., 94 Cal. 224, [28 Am. St. Rep. 115, 29 Pac. 629], speaking of the validity of a sale by the sheriff after the return day of the writ: “Having the r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 P. 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ab25b8d764bac56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 9435, "end": 9445, "quote": "section 62", "context": "een made by the sheriff making the levy and not by his successor in office. In this behalf he cites section 62 of Freeman on Executions, 3d ed. Although the general rule in the absence of statutory mandate to t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e12ea53255d0e383", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_157/0410_01/index.html", "start": 9689, "end": 9701, "quote": "section 4171", "context": "e levy under a writ of execution on personal property must complete the sale, we have in this state section 4171 of the Political Code, which is but a re-enactment of a law that has existed in California since 18", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6aa2d6cf01eef1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 2321, "end": 2333, "quote": "Section 1474", "context": "the court to set it apart to the husband as a portion of the homestead premises for a limited time?\nSection 1474 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides that: “If the homestead selected by the husband and wife, o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a44872ca5e9f21b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 3047, "end": 3059, "quote": "Section 1265", "context": "o the power of the superior court to assign it for a limited period to the family of the decedent.” Section 1265 of the Civil Code is practically the same as far as it affects the present question.\nIt will be obs", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "728180c1bb619ed9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 6001, "end": 6013, "quote": "section 1474", "context": "from her separate property without her consent, and as vesting in her heirs under the provisions of section 1474 of the Code of Civil Procedure on her death. In support of this contention reliance is placed on th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55a5243597b37628", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 6144, "end": 6155, "quote": "78 Cal. 310", "context": " on her death. In support of this contention reliance is placed on the eases of Burkett v. Burkett, 78 Cal. 310, [12 Am. St. Rep. 58, 3 L. R. A. 781, 20 Pac. 715], and In re Lamb, 95 Cal. 397, [30 Pac. 568]. But", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 Cal. 310", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_78/0310_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6ea8152f3ae2c3ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 6158, "end": 6176, "quote": "12 Am. St. Rep. 58", "context": " In support of this contention reliance is placed on the eases of Burkett v. Burkett, 78 Cal. 310, [12 Am. St. Rep. 58, 3 L. R. A. 781, 20 Pac. 715], and In re Lamb, 95 Cal. 397, [30 Pac. 568]. But in the former case t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 Am. St. Rep. 58", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96b9dfcddc2cc65b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 6194, "end": 6205, "quote": "20 Pac. 715", "context": "nce is placed on the eases of Burkett v. Burkett, 78 Cal. 310, [12 Am. St. Rep. 58, 3 L. R. A. 781, 20 Pac. 715], and In re Lamb, 95 Cal. 397, [30 Pac. 568]. But in the former case the court was not considering ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 P. 715", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c7ea09e4eaafeb34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 6224, "end": 6235, "quote": "95 Cal. 397", "context": "Burkett v. Burkett, 78 Cal. 310, [12 Am. St. Rep. 58, 3 L. R. A. 781, 20 Pac. 715], and In re Lamb, 95 Cal. 397, [30 Pac. 568]. But in the former case the court was not considering a homestead selected from comm", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 Cal. 397", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_95/0397_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23b2c6b3a65843d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 6238, "end": 6249, "quote": "30 Pac. 568", "context": "kett, 78 Cal. 310, [12 Am. St. Rep. 58, 3 L. R. A. 781, 20 Pac. 715], and In re Lamb, 95 Cal. 397, [30 Pac. 568]. But in the former case the court was not considering a homestead selected from community property", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 P. 568", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "390ca9759c88efd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 7311, "end": 7322, "quote": "section 146", "context": "o the disposition to be made of homestead property upon a decree of divorce, under subdivision 4 of section 146 of the Civil Code, which provides that “If a homestead has been selected from the separate property", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95bc5f2180f7c1a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 8941, "end": 8952, "quote": "78 Cal. 316", "context": " This is the extent of the ruling of this court in the Burkett case, for it is said in the opinion (78 Cal. 316, [12 Am. St. Rep. 58, 3 L. R. A. 781, 20 Pac. 718]): “We pass to the question as to the effect of t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 Cal. 316", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1cbc0f439abefa71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 8955, "end": 8973, "quote": "12 Am. St. Rep. 58", "context": "xtent of the ruling of this court in the Burkett case, for it is said in the opinion (78 Cal. 316, [12 Am. St. Rep. 58, 3 L. R. A. 781, 20 Pac. 718]): “We pass to the question as to the effect of the divorce upon the t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 Am. St. Rep. 58", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd0d644592abee8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 8991, "end": 9002, "quote": "20 Pac. 718", "context": " the Burkett case, for it is said in the opinion (78 Cal. 316, [12 Am. St. Rep. 58, 3 L. R. A. 781, 20 Pac. 718]): “We pass to the question as to the effect of the divorce upon the title. At the time the divorce", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 P. 718", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31e6024e840c5505", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 10339, "end": 10350, "quote": "95 Cal. 397", "context": " was affected by a subsequent conveyance by the husband to the wife.\nNor is the case of In re Lamb, 95 Cal. 397, [30 Pac. 568], in point. In that case the wife had filed a homestead declaration on one hundred an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 Cal. 397", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_95/0397_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "91b76e8c8d069f23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 10353, "end": 10364, "quote": "30 Pac. 568", "context": "by a subsequent conveyance by the husband to the wife.\nNor is the case of In re Lamb, 95 Cal. 397, [30 Pac. 568], in point. In that case the wife had filed a homestead declaration on one hundred and sixty acres ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 P. 568", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f70f0cf54fdf506d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 11119, "end": 11131, "quote": "section 1474", "context": "es conveyed to his wife\" in her lifetime and which constituted her separate property. After quoting section 1474 of the Code of Civil Procedure, the court said: “It will be observed that in order to bring a homes", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1166723d46ca79bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 12029, "end": 12041, "quote": "section 1474", "context": "tated them that this homestead was selected by her from her separate property within the meaning of section 1474 of the Code of Civil Procedure? It is clear to us that this question must be answered in the negati", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8204833f72790529", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 14166, "end": 14178, "quote": "section 1474", "context": " a conveyance of such property subsequently made by him to his wife, and applying the provisions of section 1474 to that situation, it was held that to bring a homestead selected from separate property ■ within t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "631dac2935ffdfe2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 15143, "end": 15155, "quote": "section 1474", "context": " her, is to be treated as if the homestead upon it had been selected without her consent and, under section 1474, vested in her heirs.\nBut not only do the Burkett and the Lamb cases, for the reasons we have point", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ec6ef7c387e86c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 15339, "end": 15351, "quote": "section 1474", "context": "ns we have pointed out, furnish no support to the claim of appellant, but the construction given to section 1474 in the Lamb case supports the contrary view and sustains the judgment of the lower court. The concl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d570428ca1ad3596", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_162/0307_01/index.html", "start": 15538, "end": 15550, "quote": "section 1474", "context": "rt. The conclusion reached in the latter case was based upon the construction given by the court to section 1474 to the effect that it is the status of the property when the homestead is selected which determines", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "384f58ad07e8c5c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/cal/volume_95/0661_01/index.html", "start": 7243, "end": 7253, "quote": "50 Cal. 31", "context": "s of public policy, as including the land to the center of the street or highway. (Moody v. Palmer, 50 Cal. 31.) It may be conceded, therefore, that when Lyon conveyed the north two acres of block 13 to appella", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 Cal. 31", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_50/0031_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "886892c6c8dac572", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 349, "end": 365, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 1001", "context": "ng-term disability benefits plan governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”), 29 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq. Three separate Motions came on regularly for a hearing before this Court on June 1, 2001:(1", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 1001", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/labor/title_29/chapter_18/section_1001/title29_sec1001_a4cb08bfbc49/1001_congressional_findings_and_declaration_of_policy_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6b8690bdc05dcffa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 2611, "end": 2623, "quote": "526 U.S. 358", "context": "d by California courts to the facts of this case. See, e.g., UNUM Life Ins. Co. of America v. Ward, 526 U.S. 358, 366-77, 119 S.Ct. 1380, 143 L.Ed.2d 462 (1999); Cisneros v. UNUM Life Ins. Co. of America, 134 F.3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "526 U.S. 358", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_526/0358_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0aeb129cfdb09112", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 2633, "end": 2647, "quote": "119 S.Ct. 1380", "context": " to the facts of this case. See, e.g., UNUM Life Ins. Co. of America v. Ward, 526 U.S. 358, 366-77, 119 S.Ct. 1380, 143 L.Ed.2d 462 (1999); Cisneros v. UNUM Life Ins. Co. of America, 134 F.3d 939, 944-47 (1998) (fi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 S. Ct. 1380", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_526/0358_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "76796a81b59c7892", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 2649, "end": 2664, "quote": "143 L.Ed.2d 462", "context": " this case. See, e.g., UNUM Life Ins. Co. of America v. Ward, 526 U.S. 358, 366-77, 119 S.Ct. 1380, 143 L.Ed.2d 462 (1999); Cisneros v. UNUM Life Ins. Co. of America, 134 F.3d 939, 944-47 (1998) (finding that Califo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "143 L. Ed. 2d 462", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_526/0358_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f0bd09940e4b4437", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 2716, "end": 2728, "quote": "134 F.3d 939", "context": ".S. 358, 366-77, 119 S.Ct. 1380, 143 L.Ed.2d 462 (1999); Cisneros v. UNUM Life Ins. Co. of America, 134 F.3d 939, 944-47 (1998) (finding that California notice-prejudice rule, which holds that an insurer is requi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ceaa4dce0cb1c62f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 8266, "end": 8269, "quote": "id.", "context": " See AR 362; AR 681. She then began to have periods of lethargy, confusion, and disorientation. See id. It seems that these may have been a result of the stroke. See id.\nPlaintiff experienced severe head", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b617ac22699bb7dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 8332, "end": 8335, "quote": "id.", "context": "onfusion, and disorientation. See id. It seems that these may have been a result of the stroke. See id.\nPlaintiff experienced severe headaches and episodes of numbness over the next two years or so. See ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7a4f216fcb146ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 8435, "end": 8438, "quote": "id.", "context": "\nPlaintiff experienced severe headaches and episodes of numbness over the next two years or so. See id. Abnormalities identified as “[b]rain lesions” showed up on an MRI taken of Plaintiff. See AR 362; A", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d4f568cfcdbd85c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 9960, "end": 9963, "quote": "id.", "context": "r neck and lower back, and had a documented cervical disc herniation without neural compromise. See id. She also had a bilateral carpal tunnel release in October, 1994, although she seemed to have a comp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "84cae38aeb0dbfe8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 10102, "end": 10105, "quote": "id.", "context": " release in October, 1994, although she seemed to have a complete recovery-after the procedure. See id.\nAccording to the report of UNUM’s on-site physician, based on his review of Plaintiffs medical file", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a7cc7a3c885d9b74", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 11830, "end": 11833, "quote": "id.", "context": "orty-five years old on the date she filed for UNUM disability benefits (DOB: October 22, 1949). See id. On August 29, 1995, to supplement her claim, Plaintiffs treating neurologist, Dr. Charles, complete", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "72cfb157210dca2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 12258, "end": 12261, "quote": "Id.", "context": " “secondary condition” Plaintiffs “Brittle diabetes mel-litus with frequent hypoglycemic episodes.” Id. Dr. Charles listed the date of onset for an inability to work as being June 1, 1995. He stated that", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fd9442893c8f0003", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 12510, "end": 12513, "quote": "id.", "context": " last seen her on August 25, 1995, and that she had regular visits with him every three months. See id. Dr. Charles listed the medications Plaintiff was taking as Tegre-tol and Insulin. See id. In suppor", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8cffa4019da248c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 12600, "end": 12603, "quote": "id.", "context": "nths. See id. Dr. Charles listed the medications Plaintiff was taking as Tegre-tol and Insulin. See id. In support of his conclusion that Plaintiff was disabled, he stated that Plaintiff could not perfor", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6d789db483635a48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 13687, "end": 13690, "quote": "Id.", "context": "er and Dr. Charles to get medical information “necessary to continue the evaluation of your claim.” Id. The letter stated that the evaluation would be completed once this information was received, and Pl", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "473ce4ec4ef849c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 13896, "end": 13899, "quote": "id.", "context": "f was invited to help by encouraging her physicians to promptly supply the necessary responses. See id.\nBy letter dated October 6, 1995, UNUM again indicated that the information thus far received was in", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "26dd7cad90783cd6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 17901, "end": 17904, "quote": "id.", "context": "ubmit new information to Castellón, and/or make a written request for review within sixty days. See id.\nE. Plaintiff’s First Appeal\nOn March 7, 1996, Plaintiffs brother (William Alford) wrote a letter to", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f51490cb23cb8876", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 18238, "end": 18241, "quote": "id.", "context": "ted that Plaintiff was continuing with her application for Social Security disability benefits. See id. The letter also requested that UNUM provide any documents “you feel support the denial of benefits ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e366fbee6c2202bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 21362, "end": 21365, "quote": "id.", "context": "; and also any neurosurgical records from Dr. Harley Deere (two of Plaintiffs prior physicians) See id. Due to this finding (or lack thereof),- as well as on other grounds, UNUM once again denied Plainti", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b9649c6afe71a5b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 22532, "end": 22535, "quote": "Id.", "context": "uch as Physician’s Office Nurse, Home Health Nurse Supervisor, and Insurance Rehabilitation Nurse.” Id. Doyle explained this analysis:\nOur policies are designed to protect the’ insured worker from the in", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f3da4e11f409d7dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 23185, "end": 23188, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ability of jobs, but on whether or not you are capable of returning to work in your own occupation.\nId. Doyle implied this was the basis for the January 18,1996 denial.\nDoyle also indicated that UNUM’s o", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8ed2e0da54e5c005", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 23588, "end": 23591, "quote": "id.", "context": "r to any abnormal testing performed after June, 1994, and did not otherwise support disability. See id.\nDoyle stated that there were no medical records supporting the claim for disability in the months p", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "282343d884371939", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 23876, "end": 23879, "quote": "id.", "context": "ressive worsening of Plaintiffs seizure condition prior to her last day of work April 21, 1995. See id. Doyle described the work restrictions placed by Dr. Rabinovich (no heavy lifting, or any repeated p", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4d9729adac4952a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 24193, "end": 24196, "quote": "id.", "context": "the “sedentary and light duty” positions that had been identified by the vocational consultant. See id. Based on these findings, Doyle concluded that Plaintiffs “file documentation, including the medical", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8e496b8489439029", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 24673, "end": 24676, "quote": "Id.", "context": " determination that your claim was appropriately denied on 1/18/96, and your claim remains closed.” Id. Along with this letter, Doyle provided a copy of the (Ey) vocational evaluation.\nThis decision was ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f018bd67c2192f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 26483, "end": 26486, "quote": "id.", "context": "bility for the first twenty-four months, because she could not work as an operating room nurse. See id.\nHe further concluded that Plaintiff would be entitled to benefits thereafter because even the occup", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "544c27bf2e4d4648", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 26824, "end": 26827, "quote": "id.", "context": "to qualify for the post-twenty-four month definition of disabled under the third prong thereof. See id.\nThe 3 numbered paragraphs defining disability sets ¶ 1 as always required. In addition to an inabil", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "453083a0495d7c01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 28677, "end": 28680, "quote": "id.", "context": "iff submitted the records “within 30 days,” UNUM’s on-site physician would do a further review. See id.\nG. Review of Additional Medical Records\nOn May 1, 1997, Rohlfing did apparently submit a “complete ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54f0b75c1659e2f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 30181, "end": 30184, "quote": "id.", "context": "y an on-site physician, a review which was expected to be completed within three to four weeks. See id. The record does indicate that the very same day, July 21, 1997, a “high priority” Medical Review Re", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad1db68424e5a514", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 30532, "end": 30535, "quote": "Id.", "context": "oyle’s Request reminded him, “did not find sufficient medical documentation to support” disability. Id. In referring to the AL J decision on the Social Security benefits, Doyle’s Request stated that she ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1957d87e019b726", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 30791, "end": 30794, "quote": "Id.", "context": " which it apparently relied “are related to ... carpal tunnel syndrome and prior [auto accidents].” Id. She also called the October 20, 1995 Psychiatric Evaluation by Dr. Nguyen “unremarkable.” Id. Doyle", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3875613175c565ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 30885, "end": 30888, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ts].” Id. She also called the October 20, 1995 Psychiatric Evaluation by Dr. Nguyen “unremarkable.” Id. Doyle asked Dr. Herman to review his prior report, and the information submitted on May 1, 1997. Do", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a005ab4b08018484", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 31294, "end": 31297, "quote": "Id.", "context": " direct patient care. Does the additional medical information change our prior medical assessment?” Id.\nOn July 25, 1997, Dr. Herman performed the requested “re-review” of Plaintiffs file. See AR 362-364", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2b44461f0ffcdf0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 32250, "end": 32253, "quote": "id.", "context": " that Dr. Charles had stated that she should not work where loss of consciousness was a danger. See id.\nDr. Herman noted that Dr. Charles had concluded that Plaintiffs seizures were difficult to control,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ddbc5b9b9400d568", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 32634, "end": 32637, "quote": "Id.", "context": "r. Charles had apparently “restricted her from driving due to drowsiness secondary to medications.” Id. Referring to the October 20, 1995 Psychiatric Evaluation, Dr. Herman observed that Dr. Nguyen had a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d05acd6c269104fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 36156, "end": 36159, "quote": "Id.", "context": "physician review the records, I request the opportunity to provide issues and comments in writing.” Id. (citing 29 C.F.R. § 2560.503-1(g)(i)-(iii)).\nOn October 29, 1997, Doyle (on behalf of UNUM) again w", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 F.3d 939", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_134/0939_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff543494d1c2f9e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 36168, "end": 36204, "quote": "29 C.F.R. § 2560.503-1(g)(i)-(iii)).", "context": "view the records, I request the opportunity to provide issues and comments in writing.” Id. (citing 29 C.F.R. § 2560.503-1(g)(i)-(iii)).\nOn October 29, 1997, Doyle (on behalf of UNUM) again wrote to Rohlfing (Plaintiffs counsel), indica", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ba0331cdb5cc641", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 36863, "end": 36866, "quote": "Id.", "context": ". Charles by telephone, and stated that “to date we have not received a response from Dr. Charles.” Id. Doyle asked if Rohlfing might be able to help secure a response from Dr. Charles, or if he could pr", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "116521e6884f5140", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 37229, "end": 37232, "quote": "id.", "context": "e documentation of the amount of monthly Social Security benefits that Plaintiff was receiving. See id. In closing, she said: “We would welcome the opportunity to reach a final determination regarding Ms", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b93e10ad0d9cc4c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 37421, "end": 37424, "quote": "Id.", "context": "egarding Ms. Alford’s re-appeal; however we do not have adequate medical information at this time.” Id.\nOn December 9, 1997, Rohlfing responded to the October 29, 1997 letter from Doyle. He stated that h", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c71793e6396e60a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 39814, "end": 39817, "quote": "id.", "context": "tter), and that Rohlfing eventually stated that he did not in fact need anything more from her. See id.\nOn January 7, 1998 and again on February 8, 1998, Rohlfing sent letters to Doyle which, inter alia,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "531042b312b0118c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 42537, "end": 42540, "quote": "Id.", "context": "akes a big difference in any potential settlement offer. Please advise me of your current posture.” Id.\nOn February 16, 1998, Doyle apparently called and confirmed the thirty-two hour work week with the ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "847705dd70bec883", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 43010, "end": 43013, "quote": "id.", "context": "OD” (date of disability) to be April 21, 1995, having also apparently cleared this up with DCH. See id.\nOn February 17, 1998, Doyle and Rohlf-ing had another telephone conversation, in which Doyle, inter", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63025b850a513873", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 43485, "end": 43488, "quote": "id.", "context": "inus Social Security offsets for those months, calculated based on a thirty-two hour work week. See id.\nDoyle and Rohlfing also apparently discussed the erstwhile Dr. Charles, from whom Doyle did not bel", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59f51c58a1eea4ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 44310, "end": 44313, "quote": "id.", "context": "’s claim for the twenty-four month “regular occupation” period, for the amount described above. See id.\nOn March 20,1998, Rohlfing again wrote to Doyle, to follow up on his two previous letters. “I am al", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31bb257906b25cbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 44780, "end": 44783, "quote": "Id.", "context": "lt of those communications. “Please provide me with a copy of Dr. Herman’s report and analysis ...” Id. The letter also touched on other issues, such as a prior disability leave taken by Plaintiff from S", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "659ba6429309c8fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 45023, "end": 45026, "quote": "id.", "context": "nd surgery, as well as a proposed transfer to Home Health at that time that never went through. See id. As for references in Dr. Berger’s May, 1995 treatment notes to Plaintiff looking for work (see Octo", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c8004f5a5187b300", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 45252, "end": 45255, "quote": "id.", "context": "emphasized that Plaintiffs entire search for work consisted of perusing a copy of “Nurse Week.” See id. Rohlfing also acknowledged the settlement discussions, but conceded that he had lost his notes ther", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88fcfa45ee46838a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 45406, "end": 45409, "quote": "id.", "context": "ons, but conceded that he had lost his notes thereon, and asked to be reminded of their status. See id.\nJ. Final Settlement Offer and Final Denial .\nAfter sending a letter on April 3, 1998 acknowledging ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5dcd66ffe09b724f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 46336, "end": 46339, "quote": "id.", "context": " indicating that Plaintiff should be disabled as a home health nurse for at least three months. See id. However, she noted that the most recent medical record UNUM had from Dr. Charles was his letter/rep", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98ab1c712c13c818", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 46748, "end": 46751, "quote": "id.", "context": "ld endanger safety. She noted that he also stated Plaintiff would remain disabled for one year. See id.\nDoyle also acknowledged that, as they had discussed on the phone, the personnel file documents subm", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32dbe21f9acc656c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 46981, "end": 46984, "quote": "id.", "context": "orted a thirty-two hour work week for Plaintiff prior to her April 21, 1995 date of disability. See id. Therefore, Doyle indicated, UNUM had recalculated Plaintiffs payable benefit based thereon, so that", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42f4d4118f31628b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 47285, "end": 47288, "quote": "id.", "context": "$2,925.87 prior to disability), before the deduction for the Social Security benefits received. See id.\nDoyle emphasized in the June 26 Letter that UNUM did not have any “ongoing treatment records suppor", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b71a613d9aea5332", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 47884, "end": 47887, "quote": "id.", "context": "health nurse” through November 1, 1996 (one year from the date of Dr. Charles’ opinion letter). See id. “Therefore, we are willing to pay Ms. Alford’s net benefits, after the social security offset, from", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d142c0c3d7696f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 48164, "end": 48167, "quote": "Id.", "context": " are payable, through 11/1/96. Thereafter, we have no proof of [Plaintiffs] continuing disability.” Id.\nWhile sympathizing with the difficulty Rohlfing was experiencing in reaching Dr. Charles, Doyle sta", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2d79052efe6c8a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 48566, "end": 48569, "quote": "Id.", "context": "the extent of Ms. Alford’s impairments due to her medical condition from 1995 through the present.” Id. While conceding that Plaintiff might remain disabled, Doyle stated that “we do not have sufficient ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2640fbbe61d4487", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 48731, "end": 48734, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tated that “we do not have sufficient medical documentation to assess her condition since 11/1/95.” Id. The letter then concluded with a “final” offer:\nIf you do not wish to submit additional medical inf", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c080947d192a1b4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 49364, "end": 49367, "quote": "id.", "context": "etermine [entitlement to benefits].\nAR 315. Doyle promised to contact Rohlf-ing soon, by phone. See id.\nThe June 26 Letter was apparently transmitted by facsimile on June 29, 1998. On the cover sheet the", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6ccd51472b7a064", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 50728, "end": 50731, "quote": "id.", "context": "g condition. The two also discussed delivery of the check for benefits through November 1,1996. See id.\nOn July 2, 1998, Doyle sent what would be her last letter as a representative of UNUM in this case ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5ec817c9bfdbdb7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 51398, "end": 51401, "quote": "id.", "context": "ue to ... loss of consciousness ...\nAR 306. The check covered July 21, 1995 to November 1,1996. See id.\nDoyle emphasized that UNUM would need additional medical records from November, 1995 onward “to det", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8abbc245f3f4efa6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 51786, "end": 51789, "quote": "Id.", "context": " regular attendance, and that this “proof must be given upon request and at the insured’s expense.” Id. (quoting the policy).\nAlso on July 2, 1998, in a letter which apparently crossed in the mail with D", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "557667147d13ee78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 55771, "end": 55774, "quote": "id.", "context": "M asserts that Plaintiffs counsel did not submit additional documentation until April 20, 2000. See id.\nIn support of his claim that the October 23, 1998 packet was both sent and received, Rohlfing point", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6319363ec3546570", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 56109, "end": 56112, "quote": "id.", "context": "is ambiguous, it appears that on that date Bonnie Gilfillan ordered Plaintiffs file from “FBO.” See id. There is a “DATE MAIL REC’D” field in the report into which 10/29/98 is entered. Further, there is ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45f2934064442baf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 56593, "end": 56596, "quote": "Id.", "context": "TE THE ATTY ADDRESS BELOW SO THE ACK LETTER CAN BE SENT TO THE ATTORNEY INSTEAD OF THE CLAIMANT!!!” Id.\nRohlfing argues that this notation indicates that Gilfillan/UNUM received his October 23, 1998 lett", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77237cbef1d7efd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 56974, "end": 56977, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tation in the AR indicates that “UNUM intended to conduct a quality review as of December 3, 1998.” Id. For this supposition, Rohlfing points to another computer-generated report, dated December 3, 1998,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7f59723efa17ea7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_144/1183_01/index.html", "start": 57280, "end": 57283, "quote": "Id.", "context": "AR 250. The report states: “this file is currently in Quality Review. Check with Bonnie Gilfillan.” Id. Plaintiffs counsel claims that this shows that the October 23,1998 correspondence and records initi", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a90447c8b92a4a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 310, "end": 326, "quote": "49 U.S.C. § 5331", "context": "rug and alcohol testing of employees responsible for the performance of safety-sensitive functions. 49 U.S.C. § 5331(b) (Omnibus Transportation Employee Testing Act of 1991 (“OTETA”), Pub.L. No. 102-143, § 6, 105 Sta", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "49 U.S.C. § 5331", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22c18421a15c3f61", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 320, "end": 329, "quote": "§ 5331(b)", "context": "cohol testing of employees responsible for the performance of safety-sensitive functions. 49 U.S.C. § 5331(b) (Omnibus Transportation Employee Testing Act of 1991 (“OTETA”), Pub.L. No. 102-143, § 6, 105 Stat. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6286b869668e1bc5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 394, "end": 417, "quote": "Pub.L. No. 102-143, § 6", "context": "tive functions. 49 U.S.C. § 5331(b) (Omnibus Transportation Employee Testing Act of 1991 (“OTETA”), Pub.L. No. 102-143, § 6, 105 Stat. 952). The Secretary, acting through the Federal Transit Authority (“FTA”), duly promulga", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Pub. L. No. 102-143, § 6", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c02c26b810cba82b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 419, "end": 432, "quote": "105 Stat. 952", "context": " § 5331(b) (Omnibus Transportation Employee Testing Act of 1991 (“OTETA”), Pub.L. No. 102-143, § 6, 105 Stat. 952). The Secretary, acting through the Federal Transit Authority (“FTA”), duly promulgated regulations", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "105 Stat. 952", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6bbcf32643f2b505", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 1962, "end": 1973, "quote": "162 F.3d 40", "context": "issolution of the injunction was affirmed after appeal. O’Brien v. Massachusetts Bay Transp. Auth., 162 F.3d 40 (1st Cir.1998).\nNow both sides have cross-moved for summary judgment in their favor as to the remai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "162 F.3d 40", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_162/0040_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ba651fc1ebab4382", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 2267, "end": 2268, "quote": "§", "context": " plaintiffs allege that the Policy violates the Massachusetts Privacy Act, Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 214, § IB (“ § IB”). In Count III, the plaintiffs challenge the Policy under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 as a violati", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc6df19fd1521b25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 2275, "end": 2276, "quote": "§", "context": "ffs allege that the Policy violates the Massachusetts Privacy Act, Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 214, § IB (“ § IB”). In Count III, the plaintiffs challenge the Policy under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 as a violation of th", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a214c5b54032281", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 2339, "end": 2355, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "context": "t, Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 214, § IB (“ § IB”). In Count III, the plaintiffs challenge the Policy under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 as a violation of the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution. In Count IV, the plaintif", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1983/title42_sec1983_3595ea1c3dc2/1983_civil_action_for_deprivation_of_rights_every_person_who_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "73910d92ae4f4a01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 2752, "end": 2757, "quote": "§ 25.", "context": "racterize as its obligation to engage in collective bargaining imposed by Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 161A, § 25.\nFor the following reasons, the MBTA’s motion is granted.\n1. The Policy’s Urine Collection Procedure", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28525da7249c36cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 3210, "end": 3219, "quote": "Id. at 15", "context": "ministered by the MBTA’s Medical Operations staff, requires the employee to produce a urine sample. Id. at 15. Normally, the employee is accorded personal privacy in producing the sample, but in certain limite", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73cd985fe7112adf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 3511, "end": 3523, "quote": "Id. at 18-19", "context": "staff person in charge of collecting the sample may observe the employee directly during urination. Id. at 18-19.\nThe Policy provides: “Procedures for collecting urine specimens shall allow individual privacy unl", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bfbfa811547aae02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 3737, "end": 3746, "quote": "Id. at 18", "context": "eason to believe that a particular individual may alter or substitute the specimen to be provided.” Id. at 18. The Policy outlines four specified circumstances in which direct observation of collection may be ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7b6a0f3c51c7015", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 4245, "end": 4254, "quote": "Id. at 19", "context": "ests adulteration; or (4) there are other indications that the prior sample had been tampered with. Id. at 19. Directly observed collections are also required if the collector detects either that the employee ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05544888c527fdde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 4548, "end": 4551, "quote": "Id.", "context": " employee engages in conduct that clearly indicates an attempt to tamper with the initial specimen. Id. Finally, the collector may observe the collection of a urine sample from an employee who had previo", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b076c7d2c83e561", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 4839, "end": 4852, "quote": "Id. at 14, 19", "context": "work or providing a follow-up test within the first twelve to sixty months after returning to work. Id. at 14, 19. With respect to the last category, referred to as “return-to-work” and “follow-up” tests, observed", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3469048d969d5409", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5109, "end": 5118, "quote": "Id. at 18", "context": "eason to believe that a particular individual may alter or substitute the specimen to be provided.” Id. at 18.\nWhen conducting an observed collection, the collector must first obtain permission to observe the ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce9807c254a74542", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5259, "end": 5268, "quote": "Id. at 19", "context": " the collector must first obtain permission to observe the employee from a higher-level supervisor. Id. at 19. All observed collections must be performed by a collector who is of the same gender as the employe", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4521b433ac623dfb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5386, "end": 5389, "quote": "Id.", "context": "lections must be performed by a collector who is of the same gender as the employee being observed. Id. When a return-to-work or follow-up test is conducted, the collector must state the reasons for obse", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "02a26ff2e3e57b6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5509, "end": 5512, "quote": "Id.", "context": "rk or follow-up test is conducted, the collector must state the reasons for observation in writing. Id.\nCollection and analysis of urine samples by a governmental agency are restricted by the Fourth Amen", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a02b4224d2a2f8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5738, "end": 5750, "quote": "489 U.S. 656", "context": "ons not be subjected to “unreasonable” searches. See National Treasury Employees Union v. Von Raab, 489 U.S. 656, 665, 109 S.Ct. 1384, 103 L.Ed.2d 685 (1989); Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives’ Ass’n, 489 U.S. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "489 U.S. 656", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d458052acf32bf78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5757, "end": 5771, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 1384", "context": "d to “unreasonable” searches. See National Treasury Employees Union v. Von Raab, 489 U.S. 656, 665, 109 S.Ct. 1384, 103 L.Ed.2d 685 (1989); Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives’ Ass’n, 489 U.S. 602, 619, 109 S.Ct. 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 1384", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28f12998d84bef1a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5773, "end": 5788, "quote": "103 L.Ed.2d 685", "context": "le” searches. See National Treasury Employees Union v. Von Raab, 489 U.S. 656, 665, 109 S.Ct. 1384, 103 L.Ed.2d 685 (1989); Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives’ Ass’n, 489 U.S. 602, 619, 109 S.Ct. 1402, 103 L.Ed.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 L. Ed. 2d 685", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4bc6b2b7a347d5cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5841, "end": 5853, "quote": "489 U.S. 602", "context": " U.S. 656, 665, 109 S.Ct. 1384, 103 L.Ed.2d 685 (1989); Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives’ Ass’n, 489 U.S. 602, 619, 109 S.Ct. 1402, 103 L.Ed.2d 639 (1989). Whether a particular search is “reasonable” is to be ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "489 U.S. 602", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "329fd6067aa71fe7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5860, "end": 5874, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 1402", "context": " S.Ct. 1384, 103 L.Ed.2d 685 (1989); Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives’ Ass’n, 489 U.S. 602, 619, 109 S.Ct. 1402, 103 L.Ed.2d 639 (1989). Whether a particular search is “reasonable” is to be judged “by balancing ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 1402", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "719df7e7c172e9da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5876, "end": 5891, "quote": "103 L.Ed.2d 639", "context": " L.Ed.2d 685 (1989); Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives’ Ass’n, 489 U.S. 602, 619, 109 S.Ct. 1402, 103 L.Ed.2d 639 (1989). Whether a particular search is “reasonable” is to be judged “by balancing its intrusion on ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 L. Ed. 2d 639", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59beaac2dc3ddd08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6105, "end": 6120, "quote": "489 U.S. at 619", "context": "’s Fourth Amendment interests against its promotion of legitimate governmental interests.” Skinner, 489 U.S. at 619, 109 S.Ct. 1402 (citation and internal quotation marks omitted).\nThe Supreme Court has determined t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "489 U.S. 602", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1b7719c56a89a34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6122, "end": 6136, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 1402", "context": "nt interests against its promotion of legitimate governmental interests.” Skinner, 489 U.S. at 619, 109 S.Ct. 1402 (citation and internal quotation marks omitted).\nThe Supreme Court has determined that the Fourth A", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 1402", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48e218c8e6fea1ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6345, "end": 6360, "quote": "489 U.S. at 620", "context": "permits random drug testing of government employees engaged in safety-sensitive functions. Skinner, 489 U.S. at 620, 109 S.Ct. 1402. The plaintiffs, all of whom are MBTA police officers, clearly are engaged in safet", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "489 U.S. 602", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66481c72bba30010", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6362, "end": 6376, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 1402", "context": "ug testing of government employees engaged in safety-sensitive functions. Skinner, 489 U.S. at 620, 109 S.Ct. 1402. The plaintiffs, all of whom are MBTA police officers, clearly are engaged in safety-sensitive work", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 1402", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "821bc840286efdd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6500, "end": 6513, "quote": "873 F.2d 1557", "context": " whom are MBTA police officers, clearly are engaged in safety-sensitive work, see Guiney v. Roache, 873 F.2d 1557 (1st Cir.1989) (law enforcement officers who carry guns and engage in drug interdiction' are engage", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "873 F.2d 1557", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_873/1557_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eefed7f1ec4f2b3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 7521, "end": 7533, "quote": "515 U.S. 646", "context": "lysis, even where the collector had no suspicion of tampering. In Vernonia Sch. Dist. 47J v. Acton, 515 U.S. 646, 650, 115 S.Ct. 2386, 132 L.Ed.2d 564 (1995), the Supreme Court upheld against Fourth Amendment cha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "515 U.S. 646", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "be3f8cbfe6116500", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 7540, "end": 7554, "quote": "115 S.Ct. 2386", "context": "he collector had no suspicion of tampering. In Vernonia Sch. Dist. 47J v. Acton, 515 U.S. 646, 650, 115 S.Ct. 2386, 132 L.Ed.2d 564 (1995), the Supreme Court upheld against Fourth Amendment challenge a school distr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 S. Ct. 2386", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb32ac83249f71c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 7556, "end": 7571, "quote": "132 L.Ed.2d 564", "context": " no suspicion of tampering. In Vernonia Sch. Dist. 47J v. Acton, 515 U.S. 646, 650, 115 S.Ct. 2386, 132 L.Ed.2d 564 (1995), the Supreme Court upheld against Fourth Amendment challenge a school district’s implementat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 L. Ed. 2d 564", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2066a9891c19f731", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 8185, "end": 8205, "quote": "Id. at 654, 658, 661", "context": " whether the governmental interest was “important enough to justify the particular search at hand.” Id. at 654, 658, 661, 115 S.Ct. 2386. Subsequently, applying the same three-part analysis, the Third Circuit upheld a su", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "132 L. Ed. 2d 564", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c730bebb1de73508", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 8207, "end": 8221, "quote": "115 S.Ct. 2386", "context": "tal interest was “important enough to justify the particular search at hand.” Id. at 654, 658, 661, 115 S.Ct. 2386. Subsequently, applying the same three-part analysis, the Third Circuit upheld a suspicionless drug", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 S. Ct. 2386", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ef8b6d4c36bcc9a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 8549, "end": 8561, "quote": "139 F.3d 366", "context": "ering was taking place during the production of the urine specimen.” Wilcher v. City of Wilmington, 139 F.3d 366, 375 (3d Cir.1998).\nThe direct observation required both by the FTA’s regulations and by the Policy", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 F.3d 366", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_139/0366_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e30c84da24a6531e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 9030, "end": 9051, "quote": "49 C.F.R. § 40.67(i).", "context": "pecifically, you are to watch the urine go from the employee’s body into the collection container.” 49 C.F.R. § 40.67(i).\nThe opinions in Vemonia and in Wilcher both take pains to point out that the observation involved i", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1ed15e94fa22068", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 9366, "end": 9381, "quote": "515 U.S. at 658", "context": "onditions of collection were “nearly identical to those typically encountered in public restrooms.” 515 U.S. at 658, 115 S.Ct. 2386. The Wilcher court noted that its resolution of the question presented might be dif", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "515 U.S. 646", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c5ac2ed68c2356e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 9383, "end": 9397, "quote": "115 S.Ct. 2386", "context": "ection were “nearly identical to those typically encountered in public restrooms.” 515 U.S. at 658, 115 S.Ct. 2386. The Wilcher court noted that its resolution of the question presented might be different if more d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 S. Ct. 2386", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f6394d443c1c992", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 9978, "end": 9990, "quote": "139 F.3d at ", "context": "front of the firefighter, or if it demanded the direct observation of the firefighter’s genitalia.” 139 F.3d at 376 n. 6.\nBecause a collector’s direct observation of the production of the urine sample, as describ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "139 F.3d 366", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_139/0366_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2429ff94ae2f7f32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 13921, "end": 13926, "quote": "§ 1B.", "context": "onable invasion of privacy actionable under the Massachusetts Privacy Act, Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 214, § 1B. In particular, the plaintiffs allege that the Policy fails to protect the employees in five ways th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e7a30d0f030b918", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14223, "end": 14244, "quote": "49 C.F.R. § 40.67(d).", "context": "loyee be given an explanation of the reasons why observation is necessary in his specific case. See 49 C.F.R. § 40.67(d). Second, the collector is not required to provide proof of identification upon the employee’s reques", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cd3c3e2fa14ef292", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14351, "end": 14354, "quote": "id.", "context": ", the collector is not required to provide proof of identification upon the employee’s request. See id. § 40.61(d). Third, the Policy does not expressly permit an employee to retain his wallet. See id. §", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27a1f6cb329c9d55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14355, "end": 14365, "quote": "§ 40.61(d)", "context": "e collector is not required to provide proof of identification upon the employee’s request. See id. § 40.61(d). Third, the Policy does not expressly permit an employee to retain his wallet. See id. § 40.61(f). ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "594a064bd3898c96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14449, "end": 14452, "quote": "id.", "context": "e id. § 40.61(d). Third, the Policy does not expressly permit an employee to retain his wallet. See id. § 40.61(f). Fourth, the Policy does not require the collector to instruct the employee that he shou", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72421f863b9d6e18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14453, "end": 14463, "quote": "§ 40.61(f)", "context": ". § 40.61(d). Third, the Policy does not expressly permit an employee to retain his wallet. See id. § 40.61(f). Fourth, the Policy does not require the collector to instruct the employee that he should not list", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54ee31fce5c0a4a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14611, "end": 14614, "quote": "id.", "context": "tor to instruct the employee that he should not list medications he is taking on the test form. See id. § 40.61(g). Finally, the plaintiffs allege that the Policy impermissi-bly gives the collector some ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5e2c8fa3548b052", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14615, "end": 14625, "quote": "§ 40.61(g)", "context": "to instruct the employee that he should not list medications he is taking on the test form. See id. § 40.61(g). Finally, the plaintiffs allege that the Policy impermissi-bly gives the collector some discretion ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5997aaa2bab2f44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14904, "end": 14907, "quote": "id.", "context": "fter taking unauthorized medication or is subjected to a follow-up exam after a return to duty. See id. § 40.67(b).\nTo begin with, as has already been established with respect to Count I, a claim that th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f6c495ce25d22d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14908, "end": 14918, "quote": "§ 40.67(b)", "context": " taking unauthorized medication or is subjected to a follow-up exam after a return to duty. See id. § 40.67(b).\nTo begin with, as has already been established with respect to Count I, a claim that the Policy vi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "38d763b3520b03be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15269, "end": 15286, "quote": "162 F.3d at 43-44", "context": "stablish procedures for random drug and alcohol testing of safety-sensitive employees. See O’Brien, 162 F.3d at 43-44. For the most part, the Policy represents the effectuation of the federal mandate. Though there are", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "162 F.3d 40", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_162/0040_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1616980ff60c4384", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15538, "end": 15547, "quote": "Id. at 45", "context": "the plaintiffs had not shown “any material dissonance between the Testing Act and MBTA’s protocol.” Id. at 45. “It is not enough to aver that the MBTA’s protocol differs from the federal prototype. From the vi", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "162 F.3d 40", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_162/0040_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c9d098371d9ef1f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15815, "end": 15818, "quote": "Id.", "context": "s they conflict with federal law in a manner that somehow frustrates the purposes behind that law.” Id.\nWhat the plaintiffs seem to allege is that the five differences outlined above are not essential to", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "162 F.3d 40", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_162/0040_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7a7e8dc6898ae230", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 16176, "end": 16177, "quote": "§", "context": "that the differences themselves (since that is all that is available for a state law claim) violate § IB is without merit.\nThe Massachusetts statute provides: “A person shall have a right against unrea", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e528cccb96cd1f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 16366, "end": 16371, "quote": "§ 1B.", "context": "ainst unreasonable, substantial or serious interference with his privacy.” Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 214, § 1B. When evaluating whether an employer’s actions violate § IB, “the employer’s legitimate interest in ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20eaeebbc0fa3bd0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 16426, "end": 16427, "quote": "§", "context": " his privacy.” Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 214, § 1B. When evaluating whether an employer’s actions violate § IB, “the employer’s legitimate interest in determining the employees’ effectiveness in their jobs s", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7068744124757ae1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 16656, "end": 16669, "quote": "392 Mass. 508", "context": " seriousness of the intrusion on the employees’ privacy.” Bratt v. International Bus. Machs. Corp., 392 Mass. 508, 467 N.E.2d 126, 135 (1984).\nThe Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court has not ruled out observation", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "392 Mass. 508", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb5be66080c8577f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 16671, "end": 16685, "quote": "467 N.E.2d 126", "context": " the intrusion on the employees’ privacy.” Bratt v. International Bus. Machs. Corp., 392 Mass. 508, 467 N.E.2d 126, 135 (1984).\nThe Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court has not ruled out observation as a feature of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "467 N.E.2d 126", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a7fb765ced5970f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 16964, "end": 16977, "quote": "417 Mass. 388", "context": "ngerous or require heightened alertness or care. See Folmsbee v. Tech Tool Grinding & Supply, Inc., 417 Mass. 388, 630 N.E.2d 586, 588-89 (1994) (permitting visual inspection of the employee’s body prior to a susp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "417 Mass. 388", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "607e6c63f1ffe7fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 16979, "end": 16993, "quote": "630 N.E.2d 586", "context": "ire heightened alertness or care. See Folmsbee v. Tech Tool Grinding & Supply, Inc., 417 Mass. 388, 630 N.E.2d 586, 588-89 (1994) (permitting visual inspection of the employee’s body prior to a suspicionless drug t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "630 N.E.2d 586", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15d47c99c9de150b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 17136, "end": 17149, "quote": "408 Mass. 324", "context": "on of the employee’s body prior to a suspicionless drug test); O’Connor v. Police Comm’r of Boston, 408 Mass. 324, 557 N.E.2d 1146, 1151 (1990) (permitting suspicionless, observed urine collection because the Poli", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "408 Mass. 324", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a194a84107b58c50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 17151, "end": 17166, "quote": "557 N.E.2d 1146", "context": "yee’s body prior to a suspicionless drug test); O’Connor v. Police Comm’r of Boston, 408 Mass. 324, 557 N.E.2d 1146, 1151 (1990) (permitting suspicionless, observed urine collection because the Police Commissioner’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "557 N.E.2d 1146", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a2e63e7b9dc49308", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 17494, "end": 17495, "quote": "§", "context": "nterests). The only time the Supreme Judicial Court has held that a drug testing procedure violated § IB was in a case where the employee being tested was not engaged in a dangerous or safety-sensitive", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ae51cb01bf8bbd9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 17639, "end": 17652, "quote": "418 Mass. 425", "context": "ested was not engaged in a dangerous or safety-sensitive occupation. See Webster v. Motorola, Inc., 418 Mass. 425, 637 N.E.2d 203, 208 (1994) (noting that any nexus between the plaintiffs job responsibilities and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "418 Mass. 425", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49b5ee284c3c04b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 17654, "end": 17668, "quote": "637 N.E.2d 203", "context": "ngaged in a dangerous or safety-sensitive occupation. See Webster v. Motorola, Inc., 418 Mass. 425, 637 N.E.2d 203, 208 (1994) (noting that any nexus between the plaintiffs job responsibilities and risk of harm to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "637 N.E.2d 203", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6d2276c9f6ad07a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 17926, "end": 17927, "quote": "§", "context": " indicate, the balancing test to be used in evaluating the propriety of a drug testing policy under § IB is very similar to the balancing approach applied in the Fourth Amendment analysis. Since the Po", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0dbdf8586da4683d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 18242, "end": 18243, "quote": "§", "context": "reasonable, substantial or serious interference” with the privacy of the plaintiffs in violation of § IB. It is even easier to say that the relatively minor ways in which the MBTA has voluntarily exten", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aeb1fba4408489d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 19114, "end": 19119, "quote": "§ 1B.", "context": "this requirement to disclose medications to medical officers violates their rights to privacy under § 1B.\nEvaluated in accordance with the balancing test used by the Massachusetts courts with respect to cl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8e48a13f40bb4f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 19238, "end": 19239, "quote": "§", "context": "dance with the balancing test used by the Massachusetts courts with respect to claims brought under § IB, the Pokey’s medication disclosure requirement does not violate the statute. In the first place,", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d5fd7b688a035b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 19963, "end": 19966, "quote": "Id.", "context": "mployee’s performance or jeopardizes the safety of the employee, his/her co-workers or the public.” Id. The Medical Operations staff contacts the employee’s supervisor only if the employee is disqualifie", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61b915484fde3284", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 20139, "end": 20142, "quote": "Id.", "context": "the employee is disqualified by reason of his taking the medication from some or all of his duties. Id. The supervisor is not told any information other than the employee’s job restrictions “unless the e", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8438dba73c3f3c16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 20323, "end": 20326, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tions “unless the employee requests in writing” that the supervisor receive additional information. Id.\nOn the other side of the scale, the MBTA has a substantial interest in ensuring that its police off", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd792b8b2f1efe5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 21085, "end": 21091, "quote": "§§ 11H", "context": "olation of the Fourth Amendment and of the Massachusetts Civil Rights Act, Mass. Gen. Laws, ch. 12, §§ 11H and 111. Neither party has addressed these claims in its summary judgment briefs. However, the bala", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6820d022e3e263fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 21271, "end": 21289, "quote": "515 U.S. at 660-61", "context": "s. However, the balancing of interests analysis also applies to the Fourth Amendment, see Vernonia, 515 U.S. at 660-61, 115 S.Ct. 2386, and under that balancing, the Policy is not condemnable.\n4. The Plaintiffs Have No", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "515 U.S. 646", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2eb4e670d2126022", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 21291, "end": 21305, "quote": "115 S.Ct. 2386", "context": "ncing of interests analysis also applies to the Fourth Amendment, see Vernonia, 515 U.S. at 660-61, 115 S.Ct. 2386, and under that balancing, the Policy is not condemnable.\n4. The Plaintiffs Have No Private Right o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 S. Ct. 2386", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9271a0c195526caa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22195, "end": 22206, "quote": "422 U.S. 66", "context": "that such a right can be implied.\nIn support of their position, the plaintiffs rely on Cort v. Ash, 422 U.S. 66, 95 S.Ct. 2080, 45 L.Ed.2d 26 (1975), which held that the following four factors determine when a p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "422 U.S. 66", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73b8b39685cdce76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22208, "end": 22221, "quote": "95 S.Ct. 2080", "context": "ight can be implied.\nIn support of their position, the plaintiffs rely on Cort v. Ash, 422 U.S. 66, 95 S.Ct. 2080, 45 L.Ed.2d 26 (1975), which held that the following four factors determine when a private right of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 S. Ct. 2080", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1cf600da0bfdb47b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22223, "end": 22236, "quote": "45 L.Ed.2d 26", "context": "lied.\nIn support of their position, the plaintiffs rely on Cort v. Ash, 422 U.S. 66, 95 S.Ct. 2080, 45 L.Ed.2d 26 (1975), which held that the following four factors determine when a private right of action ought t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 L. Ed. 2d 26", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4379d11d1874ef98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22929, "end": 22938, "quote": "Id. at 78", "context": "e States, so that it would be inappropriate to infer a cause of action based solely on federal law?\nId. at 78, 95 S.Ct. 2080 (citations and internal quotations omitted). However, the Supreme Court has more rec", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "45 L. Ed. 2d 26", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16697a88b203c194", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22940, "end": 22953, "quote": "95 S.Ct. 2080", "context": "o that it would be inappropriate to infer a cause of action based solely on federal law?\nId. at 78, 95 S.Ct. 2080 (citations and internal quotations omitted). However, the Supreme Court has more recently stressed ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 S. Ct. 2080", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "58040b30b49cabe5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 23151, "end": 23163, "quote": "442 U.S. 560", "context": "d that the inquiry must primarily focus on congressional intent. In Touche Ross & Co. v. Redington, 442 U.S. 560, 99 S.Ct. 2479, 61 L.Ed.2d 82 (1979) the Court stated:\nIt is true that in Cort v. Ash, the Court se", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "442 U.S. 560", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0136184b63faf36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 23165, "end": 23178, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "uiry must primarily focus on congressional intent. In Touche Ross & Co. v. Redington, 442 U.S. 560, 99 S.Ct. 2479, 61 L.Ed.2d 82 (1979) the Court stated:\nIt is true that in Cort v. Ash, the Court set forth four fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "294ab9789331a4b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 23180, "end": 23193, "quote": "61 L.Ed.2d 82", "context": "rily focus on congressional intent. In Touche Ross & Co. v. Redington, 442 U.S. 560, 99 S.Ct. 2479, 61 L.Ed.2d 82 (1979) the Court stated:\nIt is true that in Cort v. Ash, the Court set forth four factors that it c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 L. Ed. 2d 82", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ec4d9a4d06af854", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 23825, "end": 23838, "quote": "Id. at 575-76", "context": "ve history, and its purpose — are ones traditionally relied upon in determining legislative intent.\nId. at 575-76, 99 S.Ct. 2479 (citation omitted). In cases where neither the text of the statute nor the legislati", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "caf43a9270a543dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 23840, "end": 23853, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 2479", "context": " its purpose — are ones traditionally relied upon in determining legislative intent.\nId. at 575-76, 99 S.Ct. 2479 (citation omitted). In cases where neither the text of the statute nor the legislative history make", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4b3446028b9916d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 24064, "end": 24074, "quote": "Id. at 576", "context": "tion that the law was intended to create a private right of action, the court should not imply one. Id. at 576, 99 S.Ct. 2479. See also Maldonado v. Dominguez, 137 F.3d 1, 7 (1st Cir.1998) (holding that there i", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32de6df5e0ed0e2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 24076, "end": 24089, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "e law was intended to create a private right of action, the court should not imply one. Id. at 576, 99 S.Ct. 2479. See also Maldonado v. Dominguez, 137 F.3d 1, 7 (1st Cir.1998) (holding that there is a “strong pre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ae90664f5175086", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 24124, "end": 24134, "quote": "137 F.3d 1", "context": "action, the court should not imply one. Id. at 576, 99 S.Ct. 2479. See also Maldonado v. Dominguez, 137 F.3d 1, 7 (1st Cir.1998) (holding that there is a “strong presumption” against finding an implied right of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 F.3d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb4a9abe88f2de86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 24379, "end": 24390, "quote": "976 F.2d 65", "context": "t pointed to any legislative history which would tend to support such a right. See Stowell v. Ives, 976 F.2d 65, 70 n. 5 (1st Cir.1992) (holding that the presumption against a private right of action will endure", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "976 F.2d 65", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_976/0065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "74aface7545e717e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 24816, "end": 24828, "quote": "236 F.3d 299", "context": " Circuits have refused to imply such a right under OTETA. Parry v. Mohawk Motors of Michigan, Inc., 236 F.3d 299, 308-09 (6th Cir.2000) (no private right of action under Department of Transportation drug testing ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "236 F.3d 299", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_236/0299_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cabd7cf1dac6c4f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 24997, "end": 25009, "quote": "147 F.3d 169", "context": "of Transportation drug testing regulations promulgated under OTETA); Drake v. Delta Air Lines, Inc. 147 F.3d 169, 170-71 (2d Cir.1998) (no private right of action under the Federal Aviation Administration drug te", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "147 F.3d 169", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_147/0169_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "42a927c18763f5e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 25197, "end": 25214, "quote": "49 U.S.C. § 46101", "context": "tion drug testing regulations promulgated under OTETA). The Second Circuit also pointed out that in 49 U.S.C. § 46101, OTETA provides an administrative mechanism for bringing grievances and claims arising under the Ac", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "49 U.S.C. § 46101", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a92f2023b41b9856", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 25308, "end": 25315, "quote": "the Act", "context": " 46101, OTETA provides an administrative mechanism for bringing grievances and claims arising under the Act. Drake, 147 F.3d at 171 n. 2. This provision for an administrative remedy weighs against an inferen", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8d9762cd6d5cd61", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 25324, "end": 25336, "quote": "147 F.3d at ", "context": "ovides an administrative mechanism for bringing grievances and claims arising under the Act. Drake, 147 F.3d at 171 n. 2. This provision for an administrative remedy weighs against an inference that Congress inte", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "147 F.3d 169", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_147/0169_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "788297127e23efc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 28187, "end": 28198, "quote": "465 U.S. 89", "context": "g a claim that a state actor has violated state law. See Pennhurst State Sch. & Hosp. v. Halderman, 465 U.S. 89, 106, 104 S.Ct. 900, 79 L.Ed.2d 67 (1984) (\"it is difficult to think of a greater intrusion on stat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "465 U.S. 89", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "35c8b77cdd3b3a5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 28205, "end": 28218, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 900", "context": "tate actor has violated state law. See Pennhurst State Sch. & Hosp. v. Halderman, 465 U.S. 89, 106, 104 S.Ct. 900, 79 L.Ed.2d 67 (1984) (\"it is difficult to think of a greater intrusion on state sovereignty than w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 900", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eee8f87a19ee283b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 28220, "end": 28233, "quote": "79 L.Ed.2d 67", "context": "violated state law. See Pennhurst State Sch. & Hosp. v. Halderman, 465 U.S. 89, 106, 104 S.Ct. 900, 79 L.Ed.2d 67 (1984) (\"it is difficult to think of a greater intrusion on state sovereignty than when a federal c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 L. Ed. 2d 67", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "afa758ca1c070138", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 28632, "end": 28646, "quote": "162 F.3d at 44", "context": " Rights when it affirmed this Court’s earlier dissolution of the state court’s injunction. O’Brien, 162 F.3d at 44. Despite the First Circuit's recognition of the Eleventh Amendment bar, the parties have continued ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "162 F.3d 40", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_162/0040_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ec7dcbf70915e8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 28895, "end": 28907, "quote": "527 U.S. 706", "context": "s. The MBTA has never asserted its “Eleventh Amendment immunity” in this Court. See Alden v. Maine, 527 U.S. 706, 713, 119 S.Ct. 2240, 144 L.Ed.2d 636 (1999) (recognizing that while the phrase \"Eleventh Amendment", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "527 U.S. 706", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_527/0706_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1faa2c5bdda2b94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 28914, "end": 28928, "quote": "119 S.Ct. 2240", "context": "er asserted its “Eleventh Amendment immunity” in this Court. See Alden v. Maine, 527 U.S. 706, 713, 119 S.Ct. 2240, 144 L.Ed.2d 636 (1999) (recognizing that while the phrase \"Eleventh Amendment immunity\" serves as ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 S. Ct. 2240", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_527/0706_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f7a6fbc3cdcbb68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 28930, "end": 28945, "quote": "144 L.Ed.2d 636", "context": "“Eleventh Amendment immunity” in this Court. See Alden v. Maine, 527 U.S. 706, 713, 119 S.Ct. 2240, 144 L.Ed.2d 636 (1999) (recognizing that while the phrase \"Eleventh Amendment immunity\" serves as a \"convenient sho", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "144 L. Ed. 2d 636", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_527/0706_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5bd4d1e3e417195c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 29395, "end": 29408, "quote": "215 F.3d 1168", "context": "ts Eleventh Amendment arguments. See McLaughlin v. Board of Trustees of State Colleges of Colorado, 215 F.3d 1168, 1171 (10th Cir.2000) (removing a case to federal court and litigating the merits of the state law ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "215 F.3d 1168", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_215/1168_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ef7c8931ac9c800a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 29614, "end": 29632, "quote": "100 F.Supp.2d 1227", "context": "is an effective waiver of Eleventh Amendment immunity); Watkins v. California Dep't of Corrections, 100 F.Supp.2d 1227, 1230 (C.D.Cal.2000) (collecting recent cases and holding that \"in determining whether a state has ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 F. Supp. 2d 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_100/1227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2ad15a7455b8f83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 30008, "end": 30020, "quote": "524 U.S. 381", "context": "eral tribunal”) (internal quotations omitted). See also, Wisconsin Dep’t of Corrections v. Schacht, 524 U.S. 381, 393-98, 118 S.Ct. 2047, 141 L.Ed.2d 364 (1998) (Kennedy, J., concurring) (suggesting that when a s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "524 U.S. 381", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_524/0381_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "47886c32effa2d7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 30030, "end": 30044, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 2047", "context": "nal quotations omitted). See also, Wisconsin Dep’t of Corrections v. Schacht, 524 U.S. 381, 393-98, 118 S.Ct. 2047, 141 L.Ed.2d 364 (1998) (Kennedy, J., concurring) (suggesting that when a state removes a case to f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 2047", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_524/0381_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "af5ada489f33d87c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 30046, "end": 30061, "quote": "141 L.Ed.2d 364", "context": "mitted). See also, Wisconsin Dep’t of Corrections v. Schacht, 524 U.S. 381, 393-98, 118 S.Ct. 2047, 141 L.Ed.2d 364 (1998) (Kennedy, J., concurring) (suggesting that when a state removes a case to federal court, the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "141 L. Ed. 2d 364", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_524/0381_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23fdcee5ee6445c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 30269, "end": 30280, "quote": "651 F.2d 32", "context": " could constitute waiver of immunity); Newfield House, Inc. v. Massachusetts Dep’t of Pub. Welfare, 651 F.2d 32, 36 n. 3 (1st Cir.1981) (a pre-Pennhurst decision stating that, \"We need not decide whether a feder", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "651 F.2d 32", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_651/0032_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "223b4825632e0928", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 30829, "end": 30841, "quote": "457 U.S. 496", "context": "ispose of the plaintiffs’ state law claims on the merits. See Patsy v. Board of Regents of Florida, 457 U.S. 496, 515 n. 19, 102 S.Ct. 2557, 73 L.Ed.2d 172 (1982) (\"because of the importance of state law in analy", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "457 U.S. 496", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4db2ba5e318ae9ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 30854, "end": 30868, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 2557", "context": " state law claims on the merits. See Patsy v. Board of Regents of Florida, 457 U.S. 496, 515 n. 19, 102 S.Ct. 2557, 73 L.Ed.2d 172 (1982) (\"because of the importance of state law in analyzing Eleventh Amendment que", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 2557", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c3736b44927e7f86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 30870, "end": 30884, "quote": "73 L.Ed.2d 172", "context": "s on the merits. See Patsy v. Board of Regents of Florida, 457 U.S. 496, 515 n. 19, 102 S.Ct. 2557, 73 L.Ed.2d 172 (1982) (\"because of the importance of state law in analyzing Eleventh Amendment questions and becau", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 L. Ed. 2d 172", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34e9d1b604f27e44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 31298, "end": 31313, "quote": "557 N.E.2d 1146", "context": "onnor brought suit under both Section IB and Article 14 of the Massachusetts Declaration of Rights. 557 N.E.2d 1146. Subsequently, in Guiney v. Police Comm’r of Boston, 411 Mass. 328, 582 N.E.2d 523 (1991), the Supr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "557 N.E.2d 1146", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fecd0003abffac31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 31367, "end": 31380, "quote": "411 Mass. 328", "context": "husetts Declaration of Rights. 557 N.E.2d 1146. Subsequently, in Guiney v. Police Comm’r of Boston, 411 Mass. 328, 582 N.E.2d 523 (1991), the Supreme Judicial Court struck down a random drug testing program fer po", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "411 Mass. 328", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "063065abe6abec86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 31382, "end": 31396, "quote": "582 N.E.2d 523", "context": "tion of Rights. 557 N.E.2d 1146. Subsequently, in Guiney v. Police Comm’r of Boston, 411 Mass. 328, 582 N.E.2d 523 (1991), the Supreme Judicial Court struck down a random drug testing program fer police officers un", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "582 N.E.2d 523", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a207b13eb27cd793", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_196/0077_01/index.html", "start": 31667, "end": 31668, "quote": "§", "context": "in Guiney holding, however, did not alter the O’Connor holding regarding the protection afforded by § IB of the Massachusetts Privacy Act.\n", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eeafb23cdd74319e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 211, "end": 236, "quote": "U.S. Patent No. 5,226,682", "context": "on filed this action against defendant Parker-Hannifin Corporation alleging willful infringement of U.S. Patent No. 5,226,682 (“the ’682 patent”). (D.I.l) On January 22, 2001, defendant answered the complaint asserting non-in", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "U.S. Patent No. 5,226,682", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2e24e8547162e3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 825, "end": 842, "quote": "28 U.S.C. §§ 1331", "context": "pect to the ’895 and ’910 patents. (D.I.18)\nThe court has jurisdiction over this action pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331, 1338(a). Currently before the court are various motions for summary judgment. For the reasons that", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. §§ 1331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_85/section_1331/title28_sec1331_c56e38574c6b/1331_federal_question_the_district_courts_shall_have_origina_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "326845e6b142c476", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5124, "end": 5136, "quote": "475 U.S. 574", "context": "at no genuine issue of material fact exists. See Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586 n. 10, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). “Facts that could alter the outcome are ‘materia", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "432277b26a051d39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5149, "end": 5163, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "terial fact exists. See Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586 n. 10, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). “Facts that could alter the outcome are ‘material,’ and disputes are ‘genui", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc359eb952856934", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5165, "end": 5179, "quote": "89 L.Ed.2d 538", "context": "ts. See Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586 n. 10, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). “Facts that could alter the outcome are ‘material,’ and disputes are ‘genuine’ if evidence ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 2d 538", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f576eeec032b18e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5466, "end": 5477, "quote": "57 F.3d 300", "context": " the burden of proof on the disputed issue is correct.” Horowitz v. Fed. Kemper Life Assurance Co., 57 F.3d 300, 302 n. 1 (3d Cir.1995) (internal citations omitted).\nIf the moving party has demonstrated an absen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 F.3d 300", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_57/0300_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "033343dc67468db2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5727, "end": 5742, "quote": "475 U.S. at 587", "context": "t come forward with ‘specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.’ ” Matsushita, 475 U.S. at 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348 (quoting Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e)). The court will “view the underlying facts and all rea", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9dc93a2db073d3ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5744, "end": 5758, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "th ‘specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.’ ” Matsushita, 475 U.S. at 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348 (quoting Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e)). The court will “view the underlying facts and all reasonable inferenc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae416678c7631f69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 5961, "end": 5972, "quote": "63 F.3d 231", "context": "therefrom in the light most favorable to the party opposing the motion.” Pa. Coal Ass’n v. Babbitt, 63 F.3d 231, 236 (3d Cir.1995). The mere existence of some evidence in support of the nonmoving party, however,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 F.3d 231", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_63/0231_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d35455774ac9f8ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6283, "end": 6295, "quote": "477 U.S. 242", "context": "jury reasonably to find for the nonmoving party on that issue. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 249, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nIf the nonmoving party fails to make a sufficient show", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6078cb52753477f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6302, "end": 6316, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "find for the nonmoving party on that issue. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 249, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nIf the nonmoving party fails to make a sufficient showing on an essential e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0827631ca1032f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6318, "end": 6332, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": "moving party on that issue. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 249, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nIf the nonmoving party fails to make a sufficient showing on an essential element of its ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "284bf219a53a6c4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6576, "end": 6588, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": "f proof, the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986).\nIV.DISCUSSION\nA. Defendant’s Motion For Partial Summar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4c8def442507eb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6595, "end": 6609, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": " party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986).\nIV.DISCUSSION\nA. Defendant’s Motion For Partial Summary Judgment That Claim", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1fc5c3662a0ab725", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6611, "end": 6625, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": "ed to judgment as a matter of law. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986).\nIV.DISCUSSION\nA. Defendant’s Motion For Partial Summary Judgment That Claims 7-11 of the ’6", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "471679edc002d3f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6868, "end": 6883, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 112", "context": " claims 7-11 of the ’682 patent are invalid for failure to comply with the best mode requirement of 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶1. (D.I.72) This paragraph of § 112 states:\nThe specification shall contain a written description", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_11/section_112/title35_sec112_fd5d28f6f4bf/112_specification_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "8c47b092163b18d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 6916, "end": 6921, "quote": "§ 112", "context": "failure to comply with the best mode requirement of 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶1. (D.I.72) This paragraph of § 112 states:\nThe specification shall contain a written description of the invention, and of the manner a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a07ecc3ea9ad6119", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 7593, "end": 7605, "quote": "860 F.2d 415", "context": "tor a full disclosure of the preferred embodiment of the invention.” Dana Corp. v. IPC Ltd. P’ship, 860 F.2d 415, 418 (Fed.Cir.1988). The best mode requirement of § 112 “requires an inventor to disclose the best ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "860 F.2d 415", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_860/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3a44dc01e4cda88a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 7656, "end": 7661, "quote": "§ 112", "context": "ion.” Dana Corp. v. IPC Ltd. P’ship, 860 F.2d 415, 418 (Fed.Cir.1988). The best mode requirement of § 112 “requires an inventor to disclose the best mode contemplated by him, as of the time he executes the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8392eeabee839f5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 7855, "end": 7868, "quote": "301 F.3d 1306", "context": "es the application, of carrying out the invention.” Bayer AG & Bayer Corp. v. Schein Pharms., Inc., 301 F.3d 1306, 1314 (Fed.Cir.2002) (citation omitted). “The existence of a best mode is a purely subjective matte", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "301 F.3d 1306", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_301/1306_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d32737be8811fdc1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 8061, "end": 8064, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e matter depending upon what the inventor actually believed at the time the application was filed.” Id. Because of the subjective nature of the best mode requirement, § 112 demands actual disclosure rega", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "301 F.3d 1306", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_301/1306_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "65b6e75af6fda377", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 8128, "end": 8133, "quote": "§ 112", "context": "time the application was filed.” Id. Because of the subjective nature of the best mode requirement, § 112 demands actual disclosure regardless of whether practicing that mode would be within the knowledge ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "02a25625f66b8bd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 8270, "end": 8273, "quote": "Id.", "context": " of whether practicing that mode would be within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art. Id.\nIn determining whether an inventor has disclosed the best mode, the Federal Circuit had adopted a t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f0a2b08be777846", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 8538, "end": 8549, "quote": "Id. at 1320", "context": "he time of filing the application, the inventor possessed a best mode for practicing the invention. Id. at 1320. If the inventor did subjectively contemplate a best mode, the fact-finder must then determine whet", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7021188bb9c7ee99", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 8778, "end": 8781, "quote": "Id.", "context": " is adequate to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to practice the best mode of the invention. Id.\nTurning to the facts in this case, claims 7-11 of the ’682 patent relate to a second of three embod", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c103a1ef81a98ef6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 10182, "end": 10185, "quote": "Id.", "context": " degree angle alone.... If angle F is less than angle E the wedging effect will not be present....\n(Id.)\nDefendant next turns to Mr. Densel’s deposition testimony where defendant’s counsel asked Mr. Dens", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "41182451ccae33cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 11287, "end": 11292, "quote": "§ 112", "context": "ent. This argument is unavailing.\nIn its argument, plaintiff confuses the enablement requirement of § 112 with the best mode requirement. The enablement requirement ensures that a specification shall discl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e72b2b86564cbe3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 11498, "end": 11514, "quote": "301 F.3d at 1314", "context": " invention in such a manner as will enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize it. Bayer AG, 301 F.3d at 1314. However, as the Federal Circuit has repeatedly emphasized, “the best mode requirement is separate ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "301 F.3d 1306", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_301/1306_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "20792788842ced4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 11791, "end": 11794, "quote": "Id.", "context": "de contemplated by him, as of the time he executes the application, of carrying out the invention.” Id. (citation omitted). Thus, regardless of whether or not the disclosure in the first embodiment would", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "301 F.3d 1306", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_301/1306_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "35d2274f07f5770c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14197, "end": 14213, "quote": "301 F.3d at 1320", "context": "te to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to practice the best mode of the invention. Bayer AG, 301 F.3d at 1320.\nReading the text the ’682 patent, there can be no dispute that converging angles of 45 degrees for", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "301 F.3d 1306", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_301/1306_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8d2aa9a95b4eb22d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 14775, "end": 14790, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 112", "context": " claims 7-11 of the ’682 patent are invalid for failure to comply with the best mode requirement of 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 1. Defendant’s motion for partial summary judgment (D.I.72) is granted.\nB. Plaintiffs Motion For", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_11/section_112/title35_sec112_fd5d28f6f4bf/112_specification_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "b29ec1afa22d1c0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15298, "end": 15313, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "context": "ny in 1989. (D.I.75) In its brief, plaintiff spends most of its time arguing irrelevant sections of 35 U.S.C. § 102 when, as defendant admits, the only relevant section is § 102(b). This section states that a person", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_102/title35_sec102_51b078e723c2/102_conditions_for_patentability_novelty_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7b80db68fa893df4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15370, "end": 15378, "quote": "§ 102(b)", "context": "uing irrelevant sections of 35 U.S.C. § 102 when, as defendant admits, the only relevant section is § 102(b). This section states that a person shall be entitled to a patent unless\nthe invention was patented ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "184249e07b601577", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15682, "end": 15697, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "context": "ountry, more than one year prior to the date of the application for patent in the United States....\n35 U.S.C. § 102(b).\nThe application of the on sale bar is a question of law. Brasseler, U.SA. I, L.P. v. Stryker Sa", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7006043c3ce5c872", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15692, "end": 15700, "quote": "§ 102(b)", "context": "re than one year prior to the date of the application for patent in the United States....\n35 U.S.C. § 102(b).\nThe application of the on sale bar is a question of law. Brasseler, U.SA. I, L.P. v. Stryker Sales", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7fb0ccb6f0f8d90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15808, "end": 15820, "quote": "182 F.3d 888", "context": "plication of the on sale bar is a question of law. Brasseler, U.SA. I, L.P. v. Stryker Sales Corp., 182 F.3d 888, 889 (Fed.Cir.1999). In Pfaff v. Wells Electronics, Inc., 525 U.S. 55, 119 S.Ct. 304, 142 L.Ed.2d 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "182 F.3d 888", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_182/0888_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b4579e260fd22c03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15879, "end": 15890, "quote": "525 U.S. 55", "context": "L.P. v. Stryker Sales Corp., 182 F.3d 888, 889 (Fed.Cir.1999). In Pfaff v. Wells Electronics, Inc., 525 U.S. 55, 119 S.Ct. 304, 142 L.Ed.2d 261 (1998), the Supreme Court enumerated a two-part test to determine i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "525 U.S. 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_525/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "57c958433ace0461", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15892, "end": 15905, "quote": "119 S.Ct. 304", "context": "er Sales Corp., 182 F.3d 888, 889 (Fed.Cir.1999). In Pfaff v. Wells Electronics, Inc., 525 U.S. 55, 119 S.Ct. 304, 142 L.Ed.2d 261 (1998), the Supreme Court enumerated a two-part test to determine if the on sale b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 S. Ct. 304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_525/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54a2c6a1b5576644", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 15907, "end": 15922, "quote": "142 L.Ed.2d 261", "context": " 182 F.3d 888, 889 (Fed.Cir.1999). In Pfaff v. Wells Electronics, Inc., 525 U.S. 55, 119 S.Ct. 304, 142 L.Ed.2d 261 (1998), the Supreme Court enumerated a two-part test to determine if the on sale bar applies. First", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "142 L. Ed. 2d 261", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_525/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "77b8818b0c6f79db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 16143, "end": 16152, "quote": "Id. at 67", "context": " the subject of a commercial offer for sale and, second, the invention must be ready for patenting. Id. at 67, 119 S.Ct. 304. “The question of whether an invention is the subject of a commercial offer for sale", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "407511a1d5a1c5de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 16154, "end": 16167, "quote": "119 S.Ct. 304", "context": "t of a commercial offer for sale and, second, the invention must be ready for patenting. Id. at 67, 119 S.Ct. 304. “The question of whether an invention is the subject of a commercial offer for sale is a matter of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 S. Ct. 304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_525/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5eba73ae77d0d8cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 16398, "end": 16411, "quote": "254 F.3d 1041", "context": "lyzed under the law of contracts as generally understood.” Group One, Ltd. v. Hallmark Cards, Inc., 254 F.3d 1041, 1047 (Fed.Cir.2001).\nUnder plaintiffs statement of the facts surrounding defendant’s alleged 1989 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "254 F.3d 1041", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_254/1041_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a58c1120dd39d3cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 17028, "end": 17031, "quote": "Id.", "context": "or Company. (D.I. 88 at 2) Mr. Morelli then shared the prototypes and drawings with Ford engineers. Id. However, plaintiff argues that these prototypes were never tested, commercialized or sold.\nIn suppo", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "254 F.3d 1041", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_254/1041_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e68d11033f6559ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 18914, "end": 18926, "quote": "475 U.S. at ", "context": "s the burden of proving that no genuine issue of material fact exists. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., 475 U.S. at 586 n. 10, 106 S.Ct. 1348. Furthermore, the court will “view the underlying facts and all reasonable", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c2e83f80598c781f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 18937, "end": 18951, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": " that no genuine issue of material fact exists. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., 475 U.S. at 586 n. 10, 106 S.Ct. 1348. Furthermore, the court will “view the underlying facts and all reasonable inferences therefrom in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e8ec7ecdccfefde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 19138, "end": 19149, "quote": "63 F.3d 231", "context": "therefrom in the light most favorable to the party opposing the motion.” Pa. Coal Ass’n v. Babbitt, 63 F.3d 231, 236 (3d Cir.1995).\nPlaintiff has failed to show that there are no genuine issues of material fact ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 F.3d 231", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_63/0231_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "76c6f8b392460e45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 20420, "end": 20435, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "context": ".I.77) Again, for reasons unknown, plaintiff spends most of its time arguing irrelevant sections of 35 U.S.C. § 102 when, as defendant admits, the only relevant section is § 102(b).\nThe facts surrounding the 1991 Ch", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_102/title35_sec102_51b078e723c2/102_conditions_for_patentability_novelty_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "508d1b1ffa06f62c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 20492, "end": 20500, "quote": "§ 102(b)", "context": "uing irrelevant sections of 35 U.S.C. § 102 when, as defendant admits, the only relevant section is § 102(b).\nThe facts surrounding the 1991 Chiquita Coupling events are generally not in dispute. In 1991, def", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "36699ddbd86c83cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 21628, "end": 21636, "quote": "§ 102(b)", "context": "not constitute evidence of substantial prefatory sales activities in this country as required under § 102(b) where, as here, there was never an actual sale. (D.I. 89 at 1)\nAs discussed above, in a motion for ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "958446bcc2d8dd65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 21869, "end": 21881, "quote": "475 U.S. at ", "context": "s the burden of proving that no genuine issue of material fact exists. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., 475 U.S. at 586 n. 10, 106 S.Ct. 1348. With respect to this issue, the plaintiff has met its burden. The court c", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22eaf812718ac33e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 21892, "end": 21906, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": " that no genuine issue of material fact exists. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., 475 U.S. at 586 n. 10, 106 S.Ct. 1348. With respect to this issue, the plaintiff has met its burden. The court concludes that there is no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1a81dfacf1c91c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22195, "end": 22210, "quote": "475 U.S. at 587", "context": "t come forward with ‘specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.’ ” Matsushita, 475 U.S. at 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348. If the nonmoving party fails to make a sufficient showing on an essential element ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "36f9fb0c29934e64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22212, "end": 22226, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "th ‘specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.’ ” Matsushita, 475 U.S. at 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348. If the nonmoving party fails to make a sufficient showing on an essential element of its case with", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e0280e5d2bf64293", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22463, "end": 22475, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": "f proof, the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986).\nWith respect to the on sale bar, defendant must show b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "775d9bf588f5f58c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22482, "end": 22496, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": " party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986).\nWith respect to the on sale bar, defendant must show by clear and convincin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c79235db2c4d0cb2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22498, "end": 22512, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": "ed to judgment as a matter of law. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986).\nWith respect to the on sale bar, defendant must show by clear and convincing evidence that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eba85f3b3d63a339", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22906, "end": 22920, "quote": "525 U.S. at 67", "context": "he on sale bar, a product must be the subject of a commercial offer for sale in this country. Pfaff 525 U.S. at 67, 119 S.Ct. 304. Where no actual sale ever occurs, this court has held that a product is not “on sal", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "525 U.S. 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_525/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2435ec0378721820", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 22922, "end": 22935, "quote": "119 S.Ct. 304", "context": "a product must be the subject of a commercial offer for sale in this country. Pfaff 525 U.S. at 67, 119 S.Ct. 304. Where no actual sale ever occurs, this court has held that a product is not “on sale” in this coun", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 S. Ct. 304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_525/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f1f0558965770b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 23170, "end": 23184, "quote": "825 F.Supp. 65", "context": "efatory to the sale” occurs in the United States. B.F. Goodrich Co. v. Aircraft Braking Sys. Corp., 825 F.Supp. 65, 72 (D.Del.1993) Furthermore, the substantial activity refers to sales activity, rather than to pro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "825 F. Supp. 65", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_825/0065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b25349975d78510d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 23302, "end": 23305, "quote": "Id.", "context": "Furthermore, the substantial activity refers to sales activity, rather than to product development. Id.\nIn this case, even setting aside the hearsay issues, defendant’s proffered evidence is insufficient", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "825 F. Supp. 65", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_825/0065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68f1ebef9eb144c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 25165, "end": 25173, "quote": "Id. at 8", "context": "nge claim 7 of the ’682 patent, claims 1 and 6 of the ’895 patent, and claim 1 of the ’910 patent. (Id. at 8) The court will address each of plaintiffs arguments in turn.\n1.Standards for literal infringement\n", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29b716c44aa324f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 25540, "end": 25553, "quote": "223 F.3d 1351", "context": "e claims as construed are compared to the accused product. See KCJ Corp. v. Kinetic Concepts, Inc., 223 F.3d 1351, 1355 (Fed.Cir.2000). Claim construction is a question of law while infringement is a question of f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "223 F.3d 1351", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_223/1351_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5ad80c32c0253026", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 25662, "end": 25665, "quote": "id.", "context": "ed.Cir.2000). Claim construction is a question of law while infringement is a question of fact. See id. To establish literal infringement, “every limitation set forth in a claim must be found in an accus", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "223 F.3d 1351", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_223/1351_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f83edea4cb51586", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 25829, "end": 25841, "quote": "54 F.3d 1570", "context": "in a claim must be found in an accused product, exactly.” Southwall Tech., Inc. v. Cardinal IG Co., 54 F.3d 1570, 1575 (Fed.Cir.1995). Occasionally, “the issue of literal infringement may be resolved with the ste", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 F.3d 1570", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_54/1570_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "80945f5e9952ea15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 26110, "end": 26123, "quote": "133 F.3d 1473", "context": "be apparent whether the accused device is within the claims.” Multiform Desiccants, Inc. v. Medzam, 133 F.3d 1473, 1476 (Fed.Cir.1998).\n2. Claim 7 of the ’682 patent\nSince the court has previously determined that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "133 F.3d 1473", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_133/1473_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "86363e250606c172", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 26317, "end": 26332, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 112", "context": " that claim 7 of the ’682 patent is invalid for failure to comply with the best mode requirement of 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 1, it need not address this argument by plaintiff. Therefore, with respect to claim 7 of the ’68", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_11/section_112/title35_sec112_fd5d28f6f4bf/112_specification_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4948bfad988dbda7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_243/0077_01/index.html", "start": 35735, "end": 35744, "quote": "§§ 102(a)", "context": "ed.\n. Plaintiff goes to great lengths to show the alleged 1989 offer to Ford is not prior art under §§ 102(a),(c),(d),(e),(f), or (g). The court will not address these arguments.\n. Since the subject of the all", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a5c49a2add90380", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 855, "end": 858, "quote": "id.", "context": "riminal conspiracy (ie., criminal or illicit association), arising from the same facts. (See, e.g., id.) Because the Respondent presently before the court is clearly not Cervantes-Valles, the extradition", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "781cf278a5f827ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 1006, "end": 1010, "quote": "§ 2.", "context": "urt is clearly not Cervantes-Valles, the extradition request must fail. See 31 U.S.T. 5059, art. 14 § 2.\nII. Factual and Procedural Summary\nThe facts relevant to this case, as set forth in the record, are", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31747ff35e9d8dc9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 3953, "end": 3956, "quote": "id.", "context": "”), Guillermo Hernández Rodríguez, and Armando Valti-erra Villanueva (“Valtierra-Villanueva”). (See id.) Testimony set forth in the record indicates that, between approximately 1:00 p.m. and about 4:30 p", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d3592cc41b8d4daa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 4774, "end": 4777, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ueva apparently stuck his hand out of the vehi-ele and touched the buttocks of one of the females. (Id.)\nThe buttocks-touching incident, which occurred within view of the taxi drivers, led to a heated ex", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "396fccdb0a249636", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 5161, "end": 5164, "quote": "Id.", "context": "g with the rest of his companions, went to the Cervantes-Valles’s residence to retrieve a handgun. (Id.) Wfliile at the residence, the license plates were removed from the Ram Charger. (Id.)\nThe Ram Char", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f05a5bdceba7d8a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 5247, "end": 5250, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e a handgun. (Id.) Wfliile at the residence, the license plates were removed from the Ram Charger. (Id.)\nThe Ram Charger, with the same occupants, then returned to where the taxi drivers were. (See Docke", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc6a94dc669dfa95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 5531, "end": 5534, "quote": "Id.", "context": "the vehicle, carrying the firearm, and shot Guillermo Colorado Saavedra, inflicting mortal wounds. (Id.) Cervantes-Valles also shot at another taxi driver, Roberto Carlos Silva Domínguez (“Silva-Domingue", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62c67b7ab382d5ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 6372, "end": 6375, "quote": "Id.", "context": " long, however, before at least three taxis caught up with the Ram Charger and tried to detain it. (Id.)\nAt some point in the chase, the pursuing taxi drivers used their vehicles to block the path of the", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbd683e2f5b5a47f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 6697, "end": 6700, "quote": "Id.", "context": "12.) Another time, the Ram Charger smashed into other taxis which had also tried to block its way. (Id.) The Ram Charger ultimately experienced mechanical failure, probably as a consequence of the collis", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "19fbbeda81d17a54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 6882, "end": 6885, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ence of the collisions, causing its occupants to leave the vehicle and continuing to flee on foot. (Id.)\nAt that point, the fleeing occupants of the Ram Charger entered a nearby university campus. In an ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d23a4275d65a26e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 7115, "end": 7118, "quote": "Id.", "context": ", Rodríguez-Olivera telephoned authorities to falsely report that the Ram Charger had been stolen. (Id.) The occupants of the Ram Charger then dispersed without being caught. (Id.)\nThe initial investigat", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b1160b762368cef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 7191, "end": 7194, "quote": "Id.", "context": "arger had been stolen. (Id.) The occupants of the Ram Charger then dispersed without being caught. (Id.)\nThe initial investigation by the authorities in San Luis Potosí proceeded swiftly, yielding, among", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a5ac7746511e32a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 9480, "end": 9483, "quote": "Id.", "context": "Rodrí-guez, Oscar Cervantes had a manner of speaking that indicated he was from the border region. (Id.) Victor Manuel Priego Rodríguez described Oscar Cervantes as being about twenty-five (25) years old", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8a8f386cf54782f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 9645, "end": 9648, "quote": "Id.", "context": "being about twenty-five (25) years old, having a moustache, and being about 1.73 meters in height. (Id.)\n# Luis Jaime Cázares Martínez (an acquaintance of Oscar Cervantes), in his statement to authoritie", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01013d3bc236f1cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 10214, "end": 10217, "quote": "Id.", "context": " it was Oscar Cervantes’s first visit to San Luis Potosí), being from Nuevo Laredo and/or Chicago. (Id.) Further, Luis Jaime Cázares Martínez indicated that Oscar Cervantes has a sister named Rocío who l", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08eeb5bfea8a4496", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 10343, "end": 10346, "quote": "Id.", "context": "res Martínez indicated that Oscar Cervantes has a sister named Rocío who lived in San Luis Potosí. (Id.)\nAs a result of the investigation, Oscar Cervantes Valle (or Oscar Cervantes Ovalle) was charged wi", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d68b712983086839", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 10760, "end": 10763, "quote": "Id.", "context": "re also charged with related offenses, the details of which need not be explored at this juncture. (Id.)\nDespite the efforts dedicated to the investigation of the crime, which are amply demonstrated by t", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bff29e7e6bf01c55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 11175, "end": 11178, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e Docket Entry # 12, Exhibit “D”, at page 1.) He lived with his family in Nuevo León for 24 years. (Id.) He married in 1993 and came to the United States for the first time. (Id.)\nRespondent’s wife, who ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "295adee1cd49a7d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 11250, "end": 11253, "quote": "Id.", "context": "uevo León for 24 years. (Id.) He married in 1993 and came to the United States for the first time. (Id.)\nRespondent’s wife, who is a lawful permanent resident of the United States, filed an immigrant vis", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de2efd2365d514b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 11644, "end": 11647, "quote": "Id.", "context": "s immigration petition was approved by the Immigration and Naturalization Service in July of 1993. (Id.)\nWhile Respondent was in this state, a Texas driver’s license was issued for him in 1993. (See Dock", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9e8048c349ae420", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 11997, "end": 12000, "quote": "Id.", "context": "9.) The license also appears to show Respondent’s height as being five (5) feet, eight (8) inches. (Id.)\nRespondent and his wife remained in the United States until September of 1994, at which time they ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8ca487457eecf6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 12319, "end": 12322, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ved with Respondent’s parents until May of 1995, at which time they returned to the United States. (Id.) Upon returning to the United States in 1995, Respondent and his wife proceeded to work in the stat", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09b74c0cde463ff6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 12459, "end": 12462, "quote": "Id.", "context": " in 1995, Respondent and his wife proceeded to work in the states of Texas, Wyoming, and Arkansas. (Id.)\nAt some point, the authorities in San Luis Potosí obtained a copy of Respondent’s Texas driver’s l", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6c5eb48c3d0edf39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 12835, "end": 12838, "quote": "Id.", "context": "Alberto Colorado Saavedra, Eduardo Ramón Colorado Saavedra, Hernández-Torres, and Silva-Dominguez. (Id.) All four witnesses positively identified Respondent as the gunman. (Id.)\nIt should also be noted t", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f45a6afd733da50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 12908, "end": 12911, "quote": "Id.", "context": "res, and Silva-Dominguez. (Id.) All four witnesses positively identified Respondent as the gunman. (Id.)\nIt should also be noted that, during 1996 or 1997, Respondent’s wife became a naturalized citizen ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b968f27df2da17e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 13214, "end": 13217, "quote": "Id.", "context": "igration status was sought, based on Respondent’s status as the spouse of a United States citizen. (Id.) The application for adjustment of status was pending when the legal matters related to the murder ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba07e362af1aa76a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 13369, "end": 13372, "quote": "id.", "context": "ng when the legal matters related to the murder in San Luis Potosí came to the fore. (See generally id.)\nMexican authorities subsequently sought the assistance of the FBI with this case, which resulted i", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a02e1e33f0e2c94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 14671, "end": 14674, "quote": "Id.", "context": " to the Board of Immigration Appeals was, however, sustained in a decision dated January 22, 2002. (Id.)\nRespondent’s case was remanded to the Immigration Court by the BIA. (See Docket Entry # 12, Exhibi", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77ea55da33d39287", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 15053, "end": 15056, "quote": "Id.", "context": "m immigration custody, signed by Immigration Judge Howard E. Achtsam, issued on February 21, 2002. (Id.)\nThe case then moved on to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas, which has re", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5265f7b81186817", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 15700, "end": 15703, "quote": "Id.", "context": "imas 712, Nuevo Laredo, TAMPS, Mexico”, was returned to Mexico by the INS on or about May 3, 2000. (Id.) The record contains copies of photographs of José Oscar Cervantes Valle, and it is readily-apparen", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a60a8fa203ac2fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 15895, "end": 15898, "quote": "Id.", "context": "-apparent that he is not the same individual as the Respondent who is currently before this court. (Id.)\nE. The Extradition Proceedings Against Respondent in the United States District Court\nThe U.S. Att", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee9bd9197a561f65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 16809, "end": 16825, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3184", "context": ") Subsequently, on March 4, 2002, the government filed its “MOTION TO DETAIN RESPONDENT PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. § 3184.” (Docket Entry # 10-) A second hearing before the undersigned then occurred on March 6, 2002, at w", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3184", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3184/title18_sec3184_7d90a6254e1d/3184_fugitives_from_foreign_country_to_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e4a051f361809228", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 16819, "end": 16826, "quote": "§ 3184.", "context": "ntly, on March 4, 2002, the government filed its “MOTION TO DETAIN RESPONDENT PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. § 3184.” (Docket Entry # 10-) A second hearing before the undersigned then occurred on March 6, 2002, at wh", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3184/title18_sec3184_7d90a6254e1d/3184_fugitives_from_foreign_country_to_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "25907807884c6ba6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 17422, "end": 17438, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3184", "context": ", the government filed its “MEMORANDUM OF LAW IN SUPPORT OF MOTION TO DETAIN RESPONDENT PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. § 3184.” (Docket Entry # 17.) The “FORMAL EXTRADITION REQUEST” was also filed on May 6, 2002. (Docket Entr", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3184", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3184/title18_sec3184_7d90a6254e1d/3184_fugitives_from_foreign_country_to_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "fcbe03d72873de7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 17432, "end": 17439, "quote": "§ 3184.", "context": "rnment filed its “MEMORANDUM OF LAW IN SUPPORT OF MOTION TO DETAIN RESPONDENT PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. § 3184.” (Docket Entry # 17.) The “FORMAL EXTRADITION REQUEST” was also filed on May 6, 2002. (Docket Entry", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3184/title18_sec3184_7d90a6254e1d/3184_fugitives_from_foreign_country_to_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c29145020bdffbbb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 18837, "end": 18840, "quote": "id.", "context": "ntry # 35.) The government called one (1) witness — a Mexican governmental official. (See generally id.)\nWorthy of particular mention was the testimony given by Shelley Strayer. (See Transcription of Ext", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e1878f4e3144fef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 19215, "end": 19218, "quote": "Id.", "context": " Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico, address for the gunman which appears in the Mexican prosecution file. (Id.) Her testimony is summarized as follows:\n• On August 29, 2002, Strayer and another investigator wit", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a56475d1cd9b7451", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 19670, "end": 19673, "quote": "Id.", "context": "Cadimas 712, Strayer and Soto spoke with the housekeeper, who is “a lady by the name of Aracelia.” (Id., at page 29.) Aracelia revealed that Cadimas 712 is owned by José Antonio Cervantes Rodriguez (“Cer", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee4b1e71d3a64b70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 19867, "end": 19870, "quote": "Id.", "context": " (“Cervantes-Rodriguez”), and that Cervantes-Rodriguez has a son named José Oscar Cervantes Valle. (Id.) Strayer was unable to speak to Cervantes-Rodriguez at that time, as he was “unavailable.” (Id.)\n• ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "854bcc75fb7072a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 19963, "end": 19966, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e. (Id.) Strayer was unable to speak to Cervantes-Rodriguez at that time, as he was “unavailable.” (Id.)\n• Subsequent to visiting Cadimas 712, Strayer had telephone conversations with Cervantes-Rodriguez", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a2a54c492ebf1e08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 20386, "end": 20389, "quote": "Id.", "context": "amed José Oscar Cervantes Valle, and that José Oscar Cervantes Valle resides in the United States. (Id., at page 30.) Cervantes-Rodriguez stated to Strayer that José Oscar Cervantes Valle was probably bo", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de1ef08841231777", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 20510, "end": 20513, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tes-Rodriguez stated to Strayer that José Oscar Cervantes Valle was probably born in 1977 or 1978. (Id.) Cervantes-Rodriguez indicated ignorance of the current whereabouts of José Oscar Cervantes Valle. ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34370b995979dd52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 20614, "end": 20617, "quote": "Id.", "context": " Cervantes-Rodriguez indicated ignorance of the current whereabouts of José Oscar Cervantes Valle. (Id.) In fact, Cervantes-Rodriguez stated that he had not seen José Oscar Cervantes Valle in about ten y", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b2775df46207248", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 20724, "end": 20727, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ct, Cervantes-Rodriguez stated that he had not seen José Oscar Cervantes Valle in about ten years. (Id., at page 85.)\n• Strayer consulted the 2000-2001 edition of the Nuevo Laredo telephone directory and", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49e8e3f0ca8e6581", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 21866, "end": 21869, "quote": "id.", "context": "ages 10-27.) Further, the court notes that Respondent’s mother’s paternal surname is González. (See id.)\nThe second day of the extradition hearing occurred on September 10, 2002, at which time closing ar", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74acb385ffdfb429", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 24274, "end": 24289, "quote": "897 F.Supp. 176", "context": " that extradition is sui generis in nature, neither civil nor criminal. See Extradition of Massieu, 897 F.Supp. 176, 177 (D.N.J.1995) (concerning Mexican extradition request). Restated somewhat differently, it has b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "897 F. Supp. 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_897/0176_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "93ab56eccba38e06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 24598, "end": 24614, "quote": "829 F.Supp. 1210", "context": ", and as a contract between two sovereigns, sets forth its own law. See Extradition of Nacif-Borge, 829 F.Supp. 1210, 1213 (D.Nev.1993) (concerning Mexican extradition request). Following the United States-Mexico tre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "829 F. Supp. 1210", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_829/1210_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d87b589fd99accdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 25159, "end": 25176, "quote": "210 F.Supp.2d 813", "context": "is founded must be considered a crime in both jurisdictions. See, e.g., Extradition of Diaz Medina, 210 F.Supp.2d 813, 816 (N.D.Tex.2002) (concerning Mexican extradition request); Extradition of Garcia, 890 F.Supp. 91", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "210 F. Supp. 2d 813", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_210/0813_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb7be1140084fcfd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 25262, "end": 25277, "quote": "890 F.Supp. 914", "context": " F.Supp.2d 813, 816 (N.D.Tex.2002) (concerning Mexican extradition request); Extradition of Garcia, 890 F.Supp. 914, 919 (S.D.Cal.1994) (concerning Mexican extradition request). Pursuant to Article 2 of the extradit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "890 F. Supp. 914", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_890/0914_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1770188d0ef106d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 25810, "end": 25826, "quote": "3 F.Supp.2d 1112", "context": "eaty is within the sole purview of the requested country. See, e.g., Extradition of Valdez-Mainero, 3 F.Supp.2d 1112, 1115 (S.D.Cal.1998) (concerning Mexican extradition request). The court has therefore considered w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 F. Supp. 2d 1112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_3/1112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "95d1b6620a9b4282", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 26313, "end": 26316, "quote": "§ 1", "context": "nse of murder is included within the appendix to the extradition treaty; thus, following Article 2, § 1, of the treaty, it is an extraditable offense if punishable in both countries by deprivation of lib", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59033551a452c740", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 26705, "end": 26719, "quote": "sections 12.32", "context": "rivation of liberty the maximum of which is twenty (20) years. (See Docket Entry # 51.) Pursuant to sections 12.32 and 19.02 of the Texas Penal Code, murder is punishable in this jurisdiction by deprivation of libe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c0f04558426a4e59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 27067, "end": 27071, "quote": "§§ 1", "context": "der the treaty. See 31 U.S.T. 5059, art. 2.\n2. Homicidio en Grado de Tentativa\nFollowing Article 2, §§ 1, 4(a), of the treaty, attempted murder is an extraditable offense if punishable in both countries b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c074529ddea865a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 27500, "end": 27517, "quote": "sections 12.33(a)", "context": "by deprivation of liberty the maximum of which is 13.33 years. (See Docket Entry # 51.) Pursuant to sections 12.33(a), 15.01(d), and 19.02 and of the Texas Penal Code, attempted murder is punishable in this jurisdicti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91c7e54f2c2a4be2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 27889, "end": 27893, "quote": "§§ 1", "context": "offense under the treaty. See 31 U.S.T. 5059, art. 2.\nS. Asociación Delictuosa\nFollowing Article 2, §§ 1, 4(a), of the treaty, criminal association is an extraditable offense if punishable in both countri", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "563f563629faa7ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 28523, "end": 28536, "quote": "section 71.02", "context": "of San Luis Potosí is the offense of engaging in organized criminal activity, which is addressed by section 71.02 of the Texas Penal Code; thus, it must be noted that, pursuant to sections 12.32(a), 19.02 and 71.0", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a9edbab7db662bfb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 28603, "end": 28620, "quote": "sections 12.32(a)", "context": "ich is addressed by section 71.02 of the Texas Penal Code; thus, it must be noted that, pursuant to sections 12.32(a), 19.02 and 71.02 of the Texas Penal Code, engaging in organized criminal activity is punishable in ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb70f15d8fa0e203", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 29281, "end": 29297, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3184", "context": " to justify the committal for trial. 31 U.S.T. 5059, art. 3. Thus, in the current proceedings under 18 U.S.C. § 3184, the court is charged with inquiring whether the evidence will sustain the charges. See, e.g., Extr", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3184", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3184/title18_sec3184_7d90a6254e1d/3184_fugitives_from_foreign_country_to_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "82894c473d8441a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 29414, "end": 29429, "quote": "168 F.Supp. 366", "context": "arged with inquiring whether the evidence will sustain the charges. See, e.g., Extradition of Wise, 168 F.Supp. 366, 372 (S.D.Tex.1957) (regarding Mexican extradition request). In the United States, evidence that is", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "168 F. Supp. 366", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_168/0366_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2878bee2ab6de317", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 29630, "end": 29650, "quote": "210 F.Supp.2d at 816", "context": "sufficient to sustain the charges requires a showing of probable cause. Extradition of Diaz Medina, 210 F.Supp.2d at 816; see, e.g., Extradition of Contreras, 800 F.Supp. 1462, 1464 (S.D.Tex.1992) (regarding Mexican extr", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "210 F. Supp. 2d 813", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_210/0813_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "422de7ebd009f917", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 29689, "end": 29705, "quote": "800 F.Supp. 1462", "context": "bable cause. Extradition of Diaz Medina, 210 F.Supp.2d at 816; see, e.g., Extradition of Contreras, 800 F.Supp. 1462, 1464 (S.D.Tex.1992) (regarding Mexican extradition request).\nProbable cause is the existence of re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "800 F. Supp. 1462", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_800/1462_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cd718ea2166ac0d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 29908, "end": 29928, "quote": "210 F.Supp.2d at 817", "context": "nable grounds to believe the accused committed the offense charged. See Extradition of Diaz Medina, 210 F.Supp.2d at 817. This term signifies evidence sufficient to cause a person of ordinary prudence and caution to cons", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "210 F. Supp. 2d 813", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_210/0813_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "def6e6946eddd6b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 30131, "end": 30145, "quote": "1995 WL 312099", "context": "ntiously entertain a reasonable belief of the accused’s guilt. See, e.g., Extradition of Rodriguez, 1995 WL 312099, *2 (N.D.Cal. May 17, 1995) (regarding Mexican extradition request). See also Bruce Zagaris and Jul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1995 WL 312099", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fba44336a1c2eb5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 30919, "end": 30938, "quote": "800 F.Supp. at 1464", "context": " hearing, and not to determine whether the accused is guilty or innocent. Extradition of Contreras, 800 F.Supp. at 1464. At the hearing, the rules of evidence and of criminal procedure do not apply, which, procedurally,", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "800 F. Supp. 1462", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_800/1462_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "43b0e2d7c57ac608", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 31076, "end": 31079, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e and of criminal procedure do not apply, which, procedurally, appears to make for a broad hearing. Id. Substantively, however, the scope of the hearing is very limited as to matters raised by Respondent", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "800 F. Supp. 1462", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_800/1462_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e4873d2629cf530a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 31185, "end": 31188, "quote": "id.", "context": "antively, however, the scope of the hearing is very limited as to matters raised by Respondent. See id.\nEvidence explaining away or completely rebutting the existence of probable cause appears to be the ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "800 F. Supp. 1462", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_800/1462_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5160c3afd9bf729f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 31369, "end": 31388, "quote": "800 F.Supp. at 1464", "context": " appears to be the only admissible evidence which Respondent can present. Extradition of Contreras, 800 F.Supp. at 1464. If Respondent’s evidence merely controverts the government’s probable cause evidence, then it is t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "800 F. Supp. 1462", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_800/1462_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "144e11423bdc220a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 31507, "end": 31510, "quote": "id.", "context": "vidence merely controverts the government’s probable cause evidence, then it is to be excluded. See id. Respondent’s evidence of an alibi defense is therefore admissible if it negates or obliterates prob", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "800 F. Supp. 1462", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_800/1462_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "886d18cdb1280265", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 31658, "end": 31674, "quote": "52 F.Supp.2d 725", "context": "erefore admissible if it negates or obliterates probable cause. See, e.g., Extradition of Gonzalez, 52 F.Supp.2d 725, 739 (W.D.La.1999) (concerning Mexican extradition request).\nStated differently: As a general rule,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 F. Supp. 2d 725", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_52/0725_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8ef0692fece9adf1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 32441, "end": 32452, "quote": "Id. at 1297", "context": " non-contradiction in this context permits the accused to introduce evidence of very limited scope. Id. at 1297. Following the general rule of non-contradiction, the accused may only introduce evidence that “exp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "371c0581c2b3fa63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 32586, "end": 32589, "quote": "Id.", "context": "n-contradiction, the accused may only introduce evidence that “explains” the government’s evidence. Id.\nExplanatory evidence, then, is taken to mean evidence that provides an innocent explanation for the", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f683b3fd0dd19a50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 32748, "end": 32751, "quote": "Id.", "context": " provides an innocent explanation for the matters which the government contends point toward guilt. Id. Yet, to the extent that the government relies upon circumstantial evidence, the accused is generall", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93c53fc086d6ec8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 32913, "end": 32916, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tial evidence, the accused is generally permitted to introduce evidence that helps explain it away. Id. To be sure, the division between what is admissible evidence in the extradition context and that wh", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d0714383d013cd0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 33920, "end": 33939, "quote": "52 F.Supp.2d at 737", "context": "ligation to properly identify the person being sought for extradition. See Extradition of Gonzalez, 52 F.Supp.2d at 737. In the case at bar, the evidence on which the Mexican government relies mainly consists of testimo", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "52 F. Supp. 2d 725", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_52/0725_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7edf63631f9d3790", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 34505, "end": 34520, "quote": "93 A.L.R.2d 912", "context": "cessity and sufficiency of identification of accused as the person charged, to warrant extradition, 93 A.L.R.2d 912, 1964 WL 12983, § 2 (1964). Of course, the presiding magistrate has the right and duty to determine", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 A.L.R. 2d 912", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6b903d95a9d8b71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 34522, "end": 34535, "quote": "1964 WL 12983", "context": "ciency of identification of accused as the person charged, to warrant extradition, 93 A.L.R.2d 912, 1964 WL 12983, § 2 (1964). Of course, the presiding magistrate has the right and duty to determine whether the pe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1964 WL 12983", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7713d3cac6a6f5c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 34537, "end": 34540, "quote": "§ 2", "context": "ification of accused as the person charged, to warrant extradition, 93 A.L.R.2d 912, 1964 WL 12983, § 2 (1964). Of course, the presiding magistrate has the right and duty to determine whether the person ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4bf9987bde765041", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 34715, "end": 34721, "quote": "§ 103.", "context": "rmine whether the person arrested is the one named in the complaint. See 31A Am. Jur.2d Extradition § 103. In the interests of justice, therefore, this court has thoroughly reviewed the matters relating to ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd04b8952d8a0820", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 35197, "end": 35203, "quote": "§ 104.", "context": "ng the admissibility of an identification at trial were not followed. See 31A Am.Jur.2d Extradition § 104. Inherent in the probable cause standard for extradition proceedings is the necessity of a determina", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2dd84f7052339601", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 35412, "end": 35415, "quote": "Id.", "context": " the evidence is both sufficiently reliable and of sufficient weight to warrant a given conclusion. Id. Hence, it is also borne in mind that in the domestic law enforcement context an ordinary citizen’s ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29fa549d5c3ab5b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 35694, "end": 35706, "quote": "252 F.3d 775", "context": "normally regarded as sufficient to supply probable cause. See generally United States v. Burbridge, 252 F.3d 775, 778 (5th Cir.2001).\nThe court is keen to keep an open mind with respect to the possibility of misi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "252 F.3d 775", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_252/0775_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "acb979175a678e45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 36340, "end": 36355, "quote": "252 F.3d at 780", "context": "rein to determine whether the government’s identification evidence ought to be admitted. Burbridge, 252 F.3d at 780. First, the court determines whether the identification procedures were impermissibly suggestive. I", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "252 F.3d 775", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_252/0775_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ca44613b7f624055", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 36454, "end": 36457, "quote": "Id.", "context": "0. First, the court determines whether the identification procedures were impermissibly suggestive. Id. Second, if the procedures were impermissibly suggestive, the court must determine whether, under th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "252 F.3d 775", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_252/0775_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f0fd6fbc5d750e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 36675, "end": 36678, "quote": "Id.", "context": "circumstances, the suggestiveness led to a substantial likelihood of irreparable misidentification. Id.\nThe reader will recall that the seven-photograph lineup used by the authorities in Mexico contained", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "252 F.3d 775", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_252/0775_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c97fcf8c6d2f3918", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 37715, "end": 37727, "quote": "409 U.S. 188", "context": "court to apply the criteria set forth by the Supreme Court of the United States in Neil v. Biggers, 409 U.S. 188, 93 S.Ct. 375, 34 L.Ed.2d 401 (1972). See Burbridge, 252 F.3d at 780. The factors to be considered ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "409 U.S. 188", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61496390ffd1879b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 37729, "end": 37741, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 375", "context": " the criteria set forth by the Supreme Court of the United States in Neil v. Biggers, 409 U.S. 188, 93 S.Ct. 375, 34 L.Ed.2d 401 (1972). See Burbridge, 252 F.3d at 780. The factors to be considered in evaluating ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 375", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27c2e3514f83aec1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 37743, "end": 37757, "quote": "34 L.Ed.2d 401", "context": "set forth by the Supreme Court of the United States in Neil v. Biggers, 409 U.S. 188, 93 S.Ct. 375, 34 L.Ed.2d 401 (1972). See Burbridge, 252 F.3d at 780. The factors to be considered in evaluating the likelihood o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 L. Ed. 2d 401", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6662f984de45f502", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 37781, "end": 37796, "quote": "252 F.3d at 780", "context": "United States in Neil v. Biggers, 409 U.S. 188, 93 S.Ct. 375, 34 L.Ed.2d 401 (1972). See Burbridge, 252 F.3d at 780. The factors to be considered in evaluating the likelihood of misidentifi-cation include the follow", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "252 F.3d 775", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_252/0775_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cc3d69659310324a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 38264, "end": 38276, "quote": "409 U.S. 188", "context": "e confrontation, and\n• the length of time between the crime and the confrontation.\nNeil v. Biggers, 409 U.S. 188, 199-200, 93 S.Ct. 375, 34 L.Ed.2d 401 (1972). Applying the Neil factors to the situation at bar, t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "409 U.S. 188", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8f959fdb16e2ba26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 38287, "end": 38299, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 375", "context": "the length of time between the crime and the confrontation.\nNeil v. Biggers, 409 U.S. 188, 199-200, 93 S.Ct. 375, 34 L.Ed.2d 401 (1972). Applying the Neil factors to the situation at bar, the BIA found that the e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 375", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be618cace4c62f64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_268/0758_01/index.html", "start": 38301, "end": 38315, "quote": "34 L.Ed.2d 401", "context": "time between the crime and the confrontation.\nNeil v. Biggers, 409 U.S. 188, 199-200, 93 S.Ct. 375, 34 L.Ed.2d 401 (1972). Applying the Neil factors to the situation at bar, the BIA found that the eyewitness identi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 L. Ed. 2d 401", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5aa6addf04fa6020", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 293, "end": 309, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "context": " at the Metro-North office in Grand Central Terminal in New York City. Plaintiff avers claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (“FELA”), 45 U.S.C. §§ 51, et seq., and pursuant to state sta", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1983/title42_sec1983_3595ea1c3dc2/1983_civil_action_for_deprivation_of_rights_every_person_who_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "cf9290cd6ccbb9fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 358, "end": 373, "quote": "45 U.S.C. §§ 51", "context": "City. Plaintiff avers claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (“FELA”), 45 U.S.C. §§ 51, et seq., and pursuant to state statutory and common law. Pursuant to Rule 56 of the Federal Rules ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "45 U.S.C. §§ 51", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_45/section_51/title45_sec51_21655f787da1/51_liability_of_common_carriers_by_railroad_in_interstate_or_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d90606979b22e936", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 946, "end": 957, "quote": "95 F.3d 123", "context": "titled to judgment as a matter of law. See Fed.R.Civ.P. 56; see also Holt v. KMI-Continental, Inc., 95 F.3d 123, 128 (2d Cir.1996), cert. denied, 520 U.S. 1228, 117 S.Ct. 1819, 137 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1997); Celotex C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 F.3d 123", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_95/0123_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e7325550ffa5cf4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 992, "end": 1005, "quote": "520 U.S. 1228", "context": ".R.Civ.P. 56; see also Holt v. KMI-Continental, Inc., 95 F.3d 123, 128 (2d Cir.1996), cert. denied, 520 U.S. 1228, 117 S.Ct. 1819, 137 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1997); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-323, 106 S.Ct", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "520 U.S. 1228", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43b34a48a41c943e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1007, "end": 1021, "quote": "117 S.Ct. 1819", "context": "ee also Holt v. KMI-Continental, Inc., 95 F.3d 123, 128 (2d Cir.1996), cert. denied, 520 U.S. 1228, 117 S.Ct. 1819, 137 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1997); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 1819", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b8e2b19104697247", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1023, "end": 1039, "quote": "137 L.Ed.2d 1027", "context": "KMI-Continental, Inc., 95 F.3d 123, 128 (2d Cir.1996), cert. denied, 520 U.S. 1228, 117 S.Ct. 1819, 137 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1997); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). The", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 L. Ed. 2d 1027", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79ecb455a50571d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1074, "end": 1086, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": "6), cert. denied, 520 U.S. 1228, 117 S.Ct. 1819, 137 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1997); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). The moving party bears the burden of showing no ge", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c59afeba5cddb676", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1097, "end": 1111, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": ".S. 1228, 117 S.Ct. 1819, 137 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1997); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). The moving party bears the burden of showing no genuine issue of material f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "251b216ef6ecf818", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1113, "end": 1127, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": "Ct. 1819, 137 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1997); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). The moving party bears the burden of showing no genuine issue of material fact exists. See ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "522ad3b3d100b384", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1256, "end": 1268, "quote": "398 U.S. 144", "context": "rs the burden of showing no genuine issue of material fact exists. See Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 157, 90 S.Ct. 1598, 26 L.Ed.2d 142 (1970). “In moving for summary judgment against a party who wil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "398 U.S. 144", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bffa10bfc1929a15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1275, "end": 1288, "quote": "90 S.Ct. 1598", "context": "owing no genuine issue of material fact exists. See Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 157, 90 S.Ct. 1598, 26 L.Ed.2d 142 (1970). “In moving for summary judgment against a party who will bear the ultimate ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 S. Ct. 1598", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2efbd91dfdc2b87b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1290, "end": 1304, "quote": "26 L.Ed.2d 142", "context": "e issue of material fact exists. See Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 157, 90 S.Ct. 1598, 26 L.Ed.2d 142 (1970). “In moving for summary judgment against a party who will bear the ultimate burden of proof ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 L. Ed. 2d 142", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ad18e91832e175d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1607, "end": 1617, "quote": "51 F.3d 14", "context": " essential element of the nonmoving party’s claim.” Goenaga v. March of Dimes Birth Defects Found., 51 F.3d 14, 18 (2d Cir.1995) (citation omitted); see also Scottish Air Int’l, Inc. v. British Caledonian Group", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 F.3d 14", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_51/0014_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2353b315115e500a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1724, "end": 1736, "quote": "81 F.3d 1224", "context": "d Cir.1995) (citation omitted); see also Scottish Air Int’l, Inc. v. British Caledonian Group, PLC, 81 F.3d 1224, 1231 (2d Cir.1996).\nThe Court’s function in adjudicating summary judgment motions is not to try is", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 F.3d 1224", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_81/1224_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "31776e2e559b4817", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 1936, "end": 1946, "quote": "73 F.3d 13", "context": "sues of fact, but instead to determine whether there are such issues. See Sutera v. Schering Corp., 73 F.3d 13, 15-16 (2d Cir.1995). In determining whether genuine issues of material fact exist, the Court must ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 F.3d 13", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_73/0013_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c3a9eb7cc7ec1773", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 2177, "end": 2189, "quote": "477 U.S. 242", "context": "w all justifiable inferences in favor of the non-moving party. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); see also Holt, 95 F.3d at 129.\nII. Facts of the Case\nA", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "12ba4c4ea9ca68bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 2196, "end": 2210, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "nferences in favor of the non-moving party. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); see also Holt, 95 F.3d at 129.\nII. Facts of the Case\nApplying the principle", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ad8b0011fda6e25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 2212, "end": 2226, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": "or of the non-moving party. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); see also Holt, 95 F.3d at 129.\nII. Facts of the Case\nApplying the principles set forth abov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9d4d960805af6d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 2250, "end": 2264, "quote": "95 F.3d at 129", "context": "on v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); see also Holt, 95 F.3d at 129.\nII. Facts of the Case\nApplying the principles set forth above, the relevant facts in the instant c", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "95 F.3d 123", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_95/0123_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8bfdc7802cffca37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 4708, "end": 4714, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "y by Metro-North, for summary judgment in its favor.\nIII. Discussion\nA. Claim Pursuant to b2 U.S.C. § 1983\nPlaintiff avers a cause of action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 based on defendants’ alleged violati", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be1d2c91144f0fcb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 4761, "end": 4777, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "context": "III. Discussion\nA. Claim Pursuant to b2 U.S.C. § 1983\nPlaintiff avers a cause of action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 based on defendants’ alleged violation of her Fourth and Fourteenth Amendment right against unreaso", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1983/title42_sec1983_3595ea1c3dc2/1983_civil_action_for_deprivation_of_rights_every_person_who_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "18f929f42d47545d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 5124, "end": 5130, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "hout deciding, that Metro-North is a municipal entity constituting a “person” within the meaning of § 1983, plaintiffs claim must nonetheless fail because plaintiff has not raised a genuine issue of materia", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42708b5315177da5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 5399, "end": 5405, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "alleged injury.\nIt is well-settled that liability may not be found against a municipal entity under § 1983 based on a theory of respondeat superior. See Board of County Comm’rs of Bryan County v. Brown, 520", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "060d6d8c28c00d2e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 5502, "end": 5514, "quote": "520 U.S. 397", "context": "983 based on a theory of respondeat superior. See Board of County Comm’rs of Bryan County v. Brown, 520 U.S. 397, 117 S.Ct. 1382, 1388, 137 L.Ed.2d 626 (1997); Monell v. Department of Soc. Serv., 436 U.S. 658, 69", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "520 U.S. 397", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/0397_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d38a39eddb632bd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 5516, "end": 5530, "quote": "117 S.Ct. 1382", "context": " theory of respondeat superior. See Board of County Comm’rs of Bryan County v. Brown, 520 U.S. 397, 117 S.Ct. 1382, 1388, 137 L.Ed.2d 626 (1997); Monell v. Department of Soc. Serv., 436 U.S. 658, 694, 98 S.Ct. 2018", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 1382", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/0397_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f5a145c7bafd0147", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 5538, "end": 5553, "quote": "137 L.Ed.2d 626", "context": "superior. See Board of County Comm’rs of Bryan County v. Brown, 520 U.S. 397, 117 S.Ct. 1382, 1388, 137 L.Ed.2d 626 (1997); Monell v. Department of Soc. Serv., 436 U.S. 658, 694, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 L. Ed. 2d 626", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/0397_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "76baf947572e719b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 5598, "end": 5610, "quote": "436 U.S. 658", "context": "wn, 520 U.S. 397, 117 S.Ct. 1382, 1388, 137 L.Ed.2d 626 (1997); Monell v. Department of Soc. Serv., 436 U.S. 658, 694, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Spencer v. Doe, 139 F.3d 107, 111 (2d Cir.1998). Instea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "436 U.S. 658", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f48051754a87c5cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 5617, "end": 5630, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 2018", "context": "17 S.Ct. 1382, 1388, 137 L.Ed.2d 626 (1997); Monell v. Department of Soc. Serv., 436 U.S. 658, 694, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Spencer v. Doe, 139 F.3d 107, 111 (2d Cir.1998). Instead, a plaintiff must ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 2018", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "677fe512ee0c5821", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 5632, "end": 5646, "quote": "56 L.Ed.2d 611", "context": "1388, 137 L.Ed.2d 626 (1997); Monell v. Department of Soc. Serv., 436 U.S. 658, 694, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Spencer v. Doe, 139 F.3d 107, 111 (2d Cir.1998). Instead, a plaintiff must prove at least t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 L. Ed. 2d 611", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8432cf6dfdd6cced", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 5671, "end": 5683, "quote": "139 F.3d 107", "context": " Department of Soc. Serv., 436 U.S. 658, 694, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Spencer v. Doe, 139 F.3d 107, 111 (2d Cir.1998). Instead, a plaintiff must prove at least that the municipal entity was the “mov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 F.3d 107", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_139/0107_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d64061cfaabbd43d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 5831, "end": 5848, "quote": "117 S.Ct. at 1388", "context": "rove at least that the municipal entity was the “moving force” behind the wrongdoing, Bryan County, 117 S.Ct. at 1388, either by showing (i) that the conduct of which plaintiff complains was directly “undertaken by a ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 1382", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/0397_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "91413cb3dd7b4366", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 6004, "end": 6016, "quote": "136 F.3d 239", "context": "iff complains was directly “undertaken by a municipal policymaker”, Annis v. County of Westchester, 136 F.3d 239, 248 (2d Cir.1998), that is, by an employee of Metro-North who has final policymaking authority reg", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 F.3d 239", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_136/0239_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c94e717c5b031631", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 6184, "end": 6196, "quote": "520 U.S. 781", "context": "final policymaking authority regarding a particular relevant issue, see McMillian v. Monroe County, 520 U.S. 781, 117 S.Ct. 1734, 1737, 138 L.Ed.2d 1 (1997), or (ii) that the alleged misconduct occurred as a dire", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "520 U.S. 781", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/0781_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0880bdecb9d9ffe6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 6198, "end": 6212, "quote": "117 S.Ct. 1734", "context": "king authority regarding a particular relevant issue, see McMillian v. Monroe County, 520 U.S. 781, 117 S.Ct. 1734, 1737, 138 L.Ed.2d 1 (1997), or (ii) that the alleged misconduct occurred as a direct result of the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 1734", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/0781_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "349d19b2e1d32a8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 6220, "end": 6233, "quote": "138 L.Ed.2d 1", "context": "ng a particular relevant issue, see McMillian v. Monroe County, 520 U.S. 781, 117 S.Ct. 1734, 1737, 138 L.Ed.2d 1 (1997), or (ii) that the alleged misconduct occurred as a direct result of the individual defendant", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "138 L. Ed. 2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95e0c290d92d915c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 6463, "end": 6480, "quote": "117 S.Ct. at 1388", "context": " policy or custom, such as a policy entailing inadequate training or supervision, see Bryan County, 117 S.Ct. at 1388.\nPlaintiff has failed to establish an issue of material fact as to this element of her § 1983 claim", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 1382", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/0397_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06801f4c9e6ce8ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 6568, "end": 6574, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": ".Ct. at 1388.\nPlaintiff has failed to establish an issue of material fact as to this element of her § 1983 claim. Plaintiff concedes that she “does not assert a Monell type § 1983 claim in this lawsuit. No ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6945002dfc05c844", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 6641, "end": 6647, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": " as to this element of her § 1983 claim. Plaintiff concedes that she “does not assert a Monell type § 1983 claim in this lawsuit. No official policy or custom is claimed by her complaint.” Opposition at 4. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a110f9fb7a013a6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 7130, "end": 7136, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": " the incident. Absent such allegations and at least some accompanying evidence, plaintiffs putative § 1983 claim is simply an impermissible claim for re-spondeat superior liability. Summary judgment in favo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b511a5a84724490", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 7363, "end": 7369, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "on this claim is, therefore, appropriate. In addition, to the extent plaintiff purports to assert a § 1983 claim against “Jane Doe”, a/k/a Samantha Byrd, in her official capacity, judgment is also granted o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8067674a6307ca37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 7657, "end": 7669, "quote": "121 F.3d 808", "context": "s, and should be treated as, a claim against the entity that employs the officer”. Mathie v. Fries, 121 F.3d 808, 818 (2d Cir.1997).\nB. Claim Pursuant to the Federal Employers’ Liability Act\nPlaintiff also assert", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "121 F.3d 808", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_121/0808_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb34c93f271077df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 8193, "end": 8207, "quote": "45 U.S.C. § 51", "context": "ole or in part from the negligence of any of the officers, agents, or employees of such carrier....\n45 U.S.C. § 51.\nBefore proceeding to an assessment of Metro-North’s specific arguments regarding plaintiffs FELA c", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "45 U.S.C. § 51", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_45/section_51/title45_sec51_21655f787da1/51_liability_of_common_carriers_by_railroad_in_interstate_or_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "54f978af76317371", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 8203, "end": 8208, "quote": "§ 51.", "context": "part from the negligence of any of the officers, agents, or employees of such carrier....\n45 U.S.C. § 51.\nBefore proceeding to an assessment of Metro-North’s specific arguments regarding plaintiffs FELA cl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_45/section_51/title45_sec51_21655f787da1/51_liability_of_common_carriers_by_railroad_in_interstate_or_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a92739676f9a943d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 8548, "end": 8560, "quote": "521 U.S. 424", "context": "struction by courts in order to accomplish its goals. See Metro-North Commuter R.R. Co. v. Buckley, 521 U.S. 424, 117 S.Ct. 2113, 2117, 138 L.Ed.2d 560 (1997); Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. Buell, 480 U.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "521 U.S. 424", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_521/0424_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "495cb684039a17bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 8562, "end": 8576, "quote": "117 S.Ct. 2113", "context": "ourts in order to accomplish its goals. See Metro-North Commuter R.R. Co. v. Buckley, 521 U.S. 424, 117 S.Ct. 2113, 2117, 138 L.Ed.2d 560 (1997); Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. Buell, 480 U.S. 557, 561-62, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 2113", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_521/0424_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "58f3a2aa11720818", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 8584, "end": 8599, "quote": "138 L.Ed.2d 560", "context": "mplish its goals. See Metro-North Commuter R.R. Co. v. Buckley, 521 U.S. 424, 117 S.Ct. 2113, 2117, 138 L.Ed.2d 560 (1997); Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. Buell, 480 U.S. 557, 561-62, 107 S.Ct. 1410, 94 L.Ed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "138 L. Ed. 2d 560", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_521/0424_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "78c0dfc637715d1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 8654, "end": 8666, "quote": "480 U.S. 557", "context": "S. 424, 117 S.Ct. 2113, 2117, 138 L.Ed.2d 560 (1997); Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. Buell, 480 U.S. 557, 561-62, 107 S.Ct. 1410, 94 L.Ed.2d 563 (1987). The Act imposes liability on railroads either for d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "480 U.S. 557", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8717f5822bd35ed1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 8676, "end": 8690, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 1410", "context": ", 2117, 138 L.Ed.2d 560 (1997); Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. Buell, 480 U.S. 557, 561-62, 107 S.Ct. 1410, 94 L.Ed.2d 563 (1987). The Act imposes liability on railroads either for direct negligence (such a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1410", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80aea8b1e0044676", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 8692, "end": 8706, "quote": "94 L.Ed.2d 563", "context": ".2d 560 (1997); Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. Buell, 480 U.S. 557, 561-62, 107 S.Ct. 1410, 94 L.Ed.2d 563 (1987). The Act imposes liability on railroads either for direct negligence (such as negligent main", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 L. Ed. 2d 563", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e150ef898d02ebb8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 8920, "end": 8934, "quote": "45 U.S.C. § 51", "context": "ervision) or for negligent acts by its employees, based on the doctrine of respondeat superior. See 45 U.S.C. § 51; see also Masiello v. Metro-North Commuter Railroad Co., 748 F.Supp. 199, 206 (S.D.N.Y.1990). With ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "45 U.S.C. § 51", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_45/section_51/title45_sec51_21655f787da1/51_liability_of_common_carriers_by_railroad_in_interstate_or_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "780140d5e0de654c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 8992, "end": 9007, "quote": "748 F.Supp. 199", "context": "of respondeat superior. See 45 U.S.C. § 51; see also Masiello v. Metro-North Commuter Railroad Co., 748 F.Supp. 199, 206 (S.D.N.Y.1990). With respect to the traditional common-law negligence elements embodied in FEL", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "748 F. Supp. 199", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_748/0199_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2e6ba535d687f64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 9392, "end": 9404, "quote": "101 F.3d 296", "context": "e submission of FELA claims to a jury for decision. See Goldwater v. Metro-North Commuter Railroad, 101 F.3d 296, 298 (2d Cir.1996); Gallose v. Long Island R.R. Co., 878 F.2d 80, 84 (2d Cir.1989); Johannessen v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 F.3d 296", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_101/0296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3c8fb314c1645dbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 9458, "end": 9469, "quote": "878 F.2d 80", "context": "v. Metro-North Commuter Railroad, 101 F.3d 296, 298 (2d Cir.1996); Gallose v. Long Island R.R. Co., 878 F.2d 80, 84 (2d Cir.1989); Johannessen v. Gulf Trading & Transp. Co., 633 F.2d 653, 656 (2d Cir.1980). Thus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "878 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_878/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "737540e357059cd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 9532, "end": 9544, "quote": "633 F.2d 653", "context": " v. Long Island R.R. Co., 878 F.2d 80, 84 (2d Cir.1989); Johannessen v. Gulf Trading & Transp. Co., 633 F.2d 653, 656 (2d Cir.1980). Thus, for example, whether an employee was acting within the scope of employmen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "633 F.2d 653", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_633/0653_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c382d29a2315327c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 9728, "end": 9743, "quote": "101 F.3d at 298", "context": "ope of employment at the time of the incident is generally “to be resolved by [a] jury”, Goldwater, 101 F.3d at 298 (internal quotation marks omitted), causation may be found where “employer negligence played any pa", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "101 F.3d 296", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_101/0296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0735040d4b535f99", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 9963, "end": 9975, "quote": "352 U.S. 500", "context": "st, in producing the injury or death for which damages are sought”, Rogers v. Missouri Pac. R. Co., 352 U.S. 500, 506, 77 S.Ct. 443, 1 L.Ed.2d 493 (1957), and foreseeability “is no less a matter generally left to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "352 U.S. 500", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f1aec152704597ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 9982, "end": 9994, "quote": "77 S.Ct. 443", "context": "e injury or death for which damages are sought”, Rogers v. Missouri Pac. R. Co., 352 U.S. 500, 506, 77 S.Ct. 443, 1 L.Ed.2d 493 (1957), and foreseeability “is no less a matter generally left to the jury’s broad d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 S. Ct. 443", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "919c98025b0a9e71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 9996, "end": 10009, "quote": "1 L.Ed.2d 493", "context": "ath for which damages are sought”, Rogers v. Missouri Pac. R. Co., 352 U.S. 500, 506, 77 S.Ct. 443, 1 L.Ed.2d 493 (1957), and foreseeability “is no less a matter generally left to the jury’s broad decision than an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1 L. Ed. 2d 493", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "53f619058149df5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 10172, "end": 10184, "quote": "519 F.2d 512", "context": " to the jury’s broad decision than any other part of the requisite proof’, Burns v. Penn Cent. Co., 519 F.2d 512, 514 (2d Cir.1975).\nIn addition, although FELA does not specifically mention liability premised on ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "519 F.2d 512", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_519/0512_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4c8aa017c84642c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 10321, "end": 10328, "quote": "the Act", "context": "hough FELA does not specifically mention liability premised on the commission of intentional torts, the Act has been construed to allow recovery for several such torts, including assault. See Buell, 480 U.S.", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23850afab9a75221", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 10420, "end": 10432, "quote": "480 U.S. at ", "context": " the Act has been construed to allow recovery for several such torts, including assault. See Buell, 480 U.S. at 562 n. 8, 107 S.Ct. 1410; Harrison v. Missouri Pac. R. Co., 372 U.S. 248, 248-49, 83 S.Ct. 690, 9 L.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "480 U.S. 557", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8aa78cd95e17ce80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 10442, "end": 10456, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 1410", "context": "trued to allow recovery for several such torts, including assault. See Buell, 480 U.S. at 562 n. 8, 107 S.Ct. 1410; Harrison v. Missouri Pac. R. Co., 372 U.S. 248, 248-49, 83 S.Ct. 690, 9 L.Ed.2d 711 (1963); Viscon", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1410", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "616cf2d29ec677f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 10492, "end": 10504, "quote": "372 U.S. 248", "context": "cluding assault. See Buell, 480 U.S. at 562 n. 8, 107 S.Ct. 1410; Harrison v. Missouri Pac. R. Co., 372 U.S. 248, 248-49, 83 S.Ct. 690, 9 L.Ed.2d 711 (1963); Visconti v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 801 F.Supp. 1200,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 U.S. 248", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be45ef4a2381c3cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 10514, "end": 10526, "quote": "83 S.Ct. 690", "context": "uell, 480 U.S. at 562 n. 8, 107 S.Ct. 1410; Harrison v. Missouri Pac. R. Co., 372 U.S. 248, 248-49, 83 S.Ct. 690, 9 L.Ed.2d 711 (1963); Visconti v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 801 F.Supp. 1200, 1208 (S.D.N.Y.1992). ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S. Ct. 690", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb1bdcfd37105edb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 10528, "end": 10541, "quote": "9 L.Ed.2d 711", "context": " at 562 n. 8, 107 S.Ct. 1410; Harrison v. Missouri Pac. R. Co., 372 U.S. 248, 248-49, 83 S.Ct. 690, 9 L.Ed.2d 711 (1963); Visconti v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 801 F.Supp. 1200, 1208 (S.D.N.Y.1992). Like FELA-based", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 L. Ed. 2d 711", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "00f8c22b5ccdf33e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 10587, "end": 10603, "quote": "801 F.Supp. 1200", "context": "Co., 372 U.S. 248, 248-49, 83 S.Ct. 690, 9 L.Ed.2d 711 (1963); Visconti v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 801 F.Supp. 1200, 1208 (S.D.N.Y.1992). Like FELA-based negligence causes of action, a claim under FELA involving an ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "801 F. Supp. 1200", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_801/1200_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4d5dc282a9ec3edd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 10813, "end": 10828, "quote": "878 F.Supp. 673", "context": "l tort may be premised on a theory of respondeat superi- or. See Mack v. Metro-North Commuter R.R., 878 F.Supp. 673, 677 (S.D.N.Y.1995); see also Lancaster v. Norfolk & Western Railway Co., 773 F.2d 807, 818 (7th Ci", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "878 F. Supp. 673", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_878/0673_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f7bacab64c3c7d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 10903, "end": 10915, "quote": "773 F.2d 807", "context": "ter R.R., 878 F.Supp. 673, 677 (S.D.N.Y.1995); see also Lancaster v. Norfolk & Western Railway Co., 773 F.2d 807, 818 (7th Cir.1985) (Posner, J.).\nMetro-North asserts it is entitled to judgment on plaintiffs FELA", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "773 F.2d 807", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_773/0807_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7aa073ae9078871", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 11849, "end": 11864, "quote": "101 F.3d at 298", "context": "t prove she was acting within the scope of her employment at the time of the injury. See Goldwater, 101 F.3d at 298. Metro-North is further correct to note that courts have fashioned a so-called “commuter” exception", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "101 F.3d 296", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_101/0296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "03caca4f756def60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 12161, "end": 12171, "quote": "Id. at 298", "context": "ng ... does not include either going to or coming away from the place where the job is carried on.” Id. at 298 (internal quotation marks omitted).\nThe United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit has r", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "101 F.3d 296", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_101/0296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "419aa50e22f423a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 12805, "end": 12819, "quote": "id. at 299-300", "context": "; and whether means of transportation other than the employer’s railroad are readily available. See id. at 299-300.\nConsidering these factors,- and given that “the jury’s power to draw inferences is greater [in a F", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "101 F.3d 296", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_101/0296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "300c37cb53ce38ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 12967, "end": 12982, "quote": "519 F.2d at 514", "context": "e jury’s power to draw inferences is greater [in a FELA action] than in common-law actions”, Burns, 519 F.2d at 514 (internal quotation marks omitted), the Court finds genuine issues of material fact exist as to whe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "519 F.2d 512", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_519/0512_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "da9f723894ae5e8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 14748, "end": 14762, "quote": "878 F.2d at 83", "context": "e whose conduct causes the injury must also be acting within the scope of his employment.” Gallose, 878 F.2d at 83 (emphasis omitted). The key inquiry regarding the latter issue is whether it appears the alleged to", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "878 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_878/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ee0053fa96b0a0ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 15069, "end": 15078, "quote": "id. at 83", "context": "by personal interests, such as a delight in cruelty, with no potential benefit to the employer. See id. at 83.\nMetro-North contends it is entitled to judgment that plaintiffs alleged assailant was not acting w", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "878 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_878/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5c75fcc2fa0adeaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 15470, "end": 15479, "quote": "Id. at 84", "context": "thers, “[normally ... is a question to be resolved by the jury from all surrounding circumstances.” Id. at 84 (internal quotation marks omitted). In the instant case, construing the facts in plaintiffs favor, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "878 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_878/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "789738483ef60197", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 16062, "end": 16076, "quote": "878 F.2d at 84", "context": "ct can reasonably be construed to have been in furtherance of the employer’s business. See Gallose, 878 F.2d at 84; see also Lancaster, 773 F.2d at 817, 819-20. Accordingly, summary judgment in favor of defendants ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "878 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_878/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1202a87a9d821e70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 16098, "end": 16121, "quote": "773 F.2d at 817, 819-20", "context": "ve been in furtherance of the employer’s business. See Gallose, 878 F.2d at 84; see also Lancaster, 773 F.2d at 817, 819-20. Accordingly, summary judgment in favor of defendants on this issue would be inappropriate.\n3. Fore", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "773 F.2d 807", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_773/0807_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f7829d22f0978d1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 16740, "end": 16752, "quote": "372 U.S. 108", "context": "legedly negligently breached encompasses only foreseeable events. Gallick v. Baltimore & O. R. Co., 372 U.S. 108, 117, 83 S.Ct. 659, 9 L.Ed.2d 618 (1963); see also Syverson v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 19 F.3d 824", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 U.S. 108", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eed6d3a05c76967f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 16759, "end": 16771, "quote": "83 S.Ct. 659", "context": " breached encompasses only foreseeable events. Gallick v. Baltimore & O. R. Co., 372 U.S. 108, 117, 83 S.Ct. 659, 9 L.Ed.2d 618 (1963); see also Syverson v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 19 F.3d 824, 826 (2d Cir.1994)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S. Ct. 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e17965b9effafa1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 16773, "end": 16786, "quote": "9 L.Ed.2d 618", "context": "mpasses only foreseeable events. Gallick v. Baltimore & O. R. Co., 372 U.S. 108, 117, 83 S.Ct. 659, 9 L.Ed.2d 618 (1963); see also Syverson v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 19 F.3d 824, 826 (2d Cir.1994); Gallose, 878 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 L. Ed. 2d 618", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4fd94b2c555dd4a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 16841, "end": 16852, "quote": "19 F.3d 824", "context": "72 U.S. 108, 117, 83 S.Ct. 659, 9 L.Ed.2d 618 (1963); see also Syverson v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 19 F.3d 824, 826 (2d Cir.1994); Gallose, 878 F.2d at 85. In the instant case, however, plaintiffs FELA claim do", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 F.3d 824", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0824_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "021b8d17c0ce849b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 16882, "end": 16896, "quote": "878 F.2d at 85", "context": " 618 (1963); see also Syverson v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 19 F.3d 824, 826 (2d Cir.1994); Gallose, 878 F.2d at 85. In the instant case, however, plaintiffs FELA claim does not assert direct negligence by Metro-Nor", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "878 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_878/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff660df537c7e584", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 17261, "end": 17276, "quote": "773 F.2d at 818", "context": "t, not the conduct of the carrier or the foreseeability of the event to the carrier. See Lancaster, 773 F.2d at 818.\nAccordingly, summary judgment in favor of Metro-North on this issue would be inappropriate.\nC. Sta", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "773 F.2d 807", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_773/0807_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6cb4ebbd63a760db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 17471, "end": 17477, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": ". State Law Claims\nBecause plaintiff has viable Federal causes of action against defendants (ie., a § 1983 claim against “Jane Doe” in her personal capacity, and a FELA claim against Metro-North), subject m", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d3ee3da7be9d636e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 17648, "end": 17664, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1367", "context": "ainst Metro-North), subject matter jurisdiction over plaintiffs state-law claims exists pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1367(a). The Court, therefore, need not address Metro-North’s assertion that plaintiff has failed adequa", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1367", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6702e1ac70934cf2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 17658, "end": 17667, "quote": "§ 1367(a)", "context": "o-North), subject matter jurisdiction over plaintiffs state-law claims exists pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1367(a). The Court, therefore, need not address Metro-North’s assertion that plaintiff has failed adequatel", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6c802a34fd20829", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 18980, "end": 18995, "quote": "805 F.Supp. 196", "context": "xt and, in particular, under New York law. See, e.g., First Interregional Equity Corp. v. Haughton, 805 F.Supp. 196, 202 (S.D.N.Y.1992). It has not yet, however, been determined in the instant case which state’s law", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "805 F. Supp. 196", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_805/0196_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5da415809cdbec3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 19647, "end": 19661, "quote": "246 A.D.2d 178", "context": "does apply to a common-law claim for direct negligence. See, e.g., Rodriguez v. United Transp. Co., 246 A.D.2d 178, 180-81, 677 N.Y.S.2d 130 (1st Dep’t 1998); Detone v. Bullit Courier Serv., Inc., 140 A.D.2d 278, 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "246 A.D.2d 178", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_246/0178_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bc1c7eff1ecf8798", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 19671, "end": 19687, "quote": "677 N.Y.S.2d 130", "context": "aw claim for direct negligence. See, e.g., Rodriguez v. United Transp. Co., 246 A.D.2d 178, 180-81, 677 N.Y.S.2d 130 (1st Dep’t 1998); Detone v. Bullit Courier Serv., Inc., 140 A.D.2d 278, 280, 528 N.Y.S.2d 575 (1st ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "677 N.Y.S.2d 130", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_246/0178_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "17e60ac2c8b18d7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 19744, "end": 19758, "quote": "140 A.D.2d 278", "context": "., 246 A.D.2d 178, 180-81, 677 N.Y.S.2d 130 (1st Dep’t 1998); Detone v. Bullit Courier Serv., Inc., 140 A.D.2d 278, 280, 528 N.Y.S.2d 575 (1st Dep’t 1988); Stewart v. Federated Dep’t Stores, Inc., 234 Conn. 597, 61", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 A.D.2d 278", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_140/0278_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "49c65e0893199e42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 19765, "end": 19781, "quote": "528 N.Y.S.2d 575", "context": "0-81, 677 N.Y.S.2d 130 (1st Dep’t 1998); Detone v. Bullit Courier Serv., Inc., 140 A.D.2d 278, 280, 528 N.Y.S.2d 575 (1st Dep’t 1988); Stewart v. Federated Dep’t Stores, Inc., 234 Conn. 597, 610-11, 662 A.2d 753 (Con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "528 N.Y.S.2d 575", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "703704cc88349263", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 19841, "end": 19854, "quote": "234 Conn. 597", "context": "., 140 A.D.2d 278, 280, 528 N.Y.S.2d 575 (1st Dep’t 1988); Stewart v. Federated Dep’t Stores, Inc., 234 Conn. 597, 610-11, 662 A.2d 753 (Conn.1995). Thus, Metro-North could only be found directly negligent if plai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "234 Conn. 597", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "886ff2b23b1d8385", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 19864, "end": 19876, "quote": "662 A.2d 753", "context": " 528 N.Y.S.2d 575 (1st Dep’t 1988); Stewart v. Federated Dep’t Stores, Inc., 234 Conn. 597, 610-11, 662 A.2d 753 (Conn.1995). Thus, Metro-North could only be found directly negligent if plaintiff ultimately prove", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "662 A.2d 753", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff01371b842ca13a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 20082, "end": 20085, "quote": "Id.", "context": "o-North knew or should have known the assailant was the type of person who might commit an assault. Id. Plaintiff has failed to raise a genuine issue of material fact as to that issue. No evidence has be", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "662 A.2d 753", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b590dafcebcee02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_37/0233_01/index.html", "start": 21273, "end": 21288, "quote": "734 F.Supp. 578", "context": "y on the rail carrier, not on individual employees. See Lee v. Transportation Communications Union, 734 F.Supp. 578, 580 (E.D.N.Y.1990). Accordingly, to the extent plaintiff asserts a FELA cause of action against th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "734 F. Supp. 578", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_734/0578_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3351d205b43562d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 115, "end": 131, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 1981", "context": "DER\nGARCIA-GREGORY, District Judge.\nOn January 21st, 2005, Plaintiffs filed a Complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1981 and § 1983, claiming violations of their Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment rights. On March 24th, 2005", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 1981", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1981/title42_sec1981_b68fdd59ea50/1981_equal_rights_under_the_law_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4a5e42af0a790e80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 136, "end": 142, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "istrict Judge.\nOn January 21st, 2005, Plaintiffs filed a Complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1981 and § 1983, claiming violations of their Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment rights. On March 24th, 2005, the Commo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ca28649a49c4b7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 583, "end": 599, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "context": "and that all claims against Guevarez-Gar-eia should be dismissed for failure to state a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. For the reasons discussed below, the Court GRANTS the Motion to Dismiss.\nFACTUAL BACKGROUND\nOn/or ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1983/title42_sec1983_3595ea1c3dc2/1983_civil_action_for_deprivation_of_rights_every_person_who_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "bc6a37eff79c1ee5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 593, "end": 600, "quote": "§ 1983.", "context": "ll claims against Guevarez-Gar-eia should be dismissed for failure to state a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. For the reasons discussed below, the Court GRANTS the Motion to Dismiss.\nFACTUAL BACKGROUND\nOn/or a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1983/title42_sec1983_3595ea1c3dc2/1983_civil_action_for_deprivation_of_rights_every_person_who_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "22377e98df2176f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 2149, "end": 2160, "quote": "68 F.3d 525", "context": "ort of his claim which would entitle him to relief. See Brown v. Hot, Sexy, and Safer Prods., Inc., 68 F.3d 525, 530 (1st Cir.1995). The Court accepts all well-pleaded factual allegations as true, and draws all ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 F.3d 525", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_68/0525_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "41205ae2c885df65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 2346, "end": 2357, "quote": "903 F.2d 49", "context": "and draws all reasonable inferences in plaintiffs favor. See Correa-Martinez v. Arrillaga-Belendez, 903 F.2d 49, 51 (1st Cir.1990). The Court need not credit, however, “bald assertions, unsupportable conclusions", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "903 F.2d 49", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_903/0049_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1165287b8de5013d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 2569, "end": 2578, "quote": "83 F.3d 1", "context": "ic circumlocutions, and the like” when evaluating the Complaint’s allegations. Aulson v. Blanchard, 83 F.3d 1, 3 (1st Cir.1996). When opposing a Rule 12(b)(6) motion, “a plaintiff cannot expect a trial court t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 F.3d 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_83/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d1adcdf46309ff2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 2749, "end": 2760, "quote": "950 F.2d 13", "context": "cannot expect a trial court to do his homework for him.” McCoy v. Massachusetts Institute of Tech., 950 F.2d 13, 22 (1st Cir.1991). Plaintiffs are responsible for putting their best foot forward in an effort to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "950 F.2d 13", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_950/0013_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3026998c37ae1d7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 2914, "end": 2923, "quote": "Id. at 23", "context": "tting their best foot forward in an effort to present a legal theory that will support their claim. Id. at 23 (citing Correa-Martinez, 903 F.2d at 52). Plaintiffs must set forth “factual allegations, either di", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_950/0013_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad9d091b69ac3ee3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 2949, "end": 2963, "quote": "903 F.2d at 52", "context": " effort to present a legal theory that will support their claim. Id. at 23 (citing Correa-Martinez, 903 F.2d at 52). Plaintiffs must set forth “factual allegations, either direct or inferential, regarding each mate", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "903 F.2d 49", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_903/0049_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "09f29ac52c701b84", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 3164, "end": 3176, "quote": "851 F.2d 513", "context": "ial element necessary to sustain recovery under some actionable theory.” Gooley v. Mobil Oil Corp., 851 F.2d 513, 514 (1st Cir.1988).\nDISCUSSION\nA. Eleventh Amendment Immunity\nDefendants argue that the Eleventh A", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "851 F.2d 513", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_851/0513_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "251db20083cd2cee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 3655, "end": 3672, "quote": "42 U.S.C. §§ 1983", "context": "s rather a suit against the State.\nPlaintiffs counter that the present ease was brought pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §§ 1983 and 1988 which, according to plaintiffs, provide citizens for damages and injunctive relief wheneve", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. §§ 1983", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1983/title42_sec1983_3595ea1c3dc2/1983_civil_action_for_deprivation_of_rights_every_person_who_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "da6d30beef38d45f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4033, "end": 4045, "quote": "991 F.2d 935", "context": "oney damages unless the state has consented. See Metcalf & Eddy v. P.R. Aqueduct & Sewer Authority, 991 F.2d 935, 938 (1st Cir.1993); In re San Juan Dupont Plaza Hotel Fire Lit., 888 F.2d 940, 942 (1st Cir.1989);", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "991 F.2d 935", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_991/0935_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1b44e36d4656f5ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4112, "end": 4124, "quote": "888 F.2d 940", "context": "t & Sewer Authority, 991 F.2d 935, 938 (1st Cir.1993); In re San Juan Dupont Plaza Hotel Fire Lit., 888 F.2d 940, 942 (1st Cir.1989); Ramirez v. P.R. Fire Serv., 715 F.2d 694, 697 (1st Cir.1983). Similarly, suits", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "888 F.2d 940", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_888/0940_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d930f1d531f21642", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4174, "end": 4186, "quote": "715 F.2d 694", "context": "an Juan Dupont Plaza Hotel Fire Lit., 888 F.2d 940, 942 (1st Cir.1989); Ramirez v. P.R. Fire Serv., 715 F.2d 694, 697 (1st Cir.1983). Similarly, suits against state officials in their official capacity are deemed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 F.2d 694", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_715/0694_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b51a4a5cfd71673", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4459, "end": 4470, "quote": "502 U.S. 21", "context": "rty to the suit, since the real party in interest is the state and not the official. Hafer v. Melo, 502 U.S. 21, 112 S.Ct. 358, 116 L.Ed.2d 301 (1991); Will v. Mich. Dep't of State Police, 491 U.S. 58, 109 S.Ct.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "502 U.S. 21", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_502/0021_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d6e39bceffbce23f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4472, "end": 4485, "quote": "112 S.Ct. 358", "context": "it, since the real party in interest is the state and not the official. Hafer v. Melo, 502 U.S. 21, 112 S.Ct. 358, 116 L.Ed.2d 301 (1991); Will v. Mich. Dep't of State Police, 491 U.S. 58, 109 S.Ct. 2304, 105 L.Ed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 358", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_502/0021_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bd3b0957af9d8dcf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4487, "end": 4502, "quote": "116 L.Ed.2d 301", "context": "eal party in interest is the state and not the official. Hafer v. Melo, 502 U.S. 21, 112 S.Ct. 358, 116 L.Ed.2d 301 (1991); Will v. Mich. Dep't of State Police, 491 U.S. 58, 109 S.Ct. 2304, 105 L.Ed.2d 45 (1989). Ev", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 L. Ed. 2d 301", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_502/0021_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "36bf251f56a0d7b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4548, "end": 4559, "quote": "491 U.S. 58", "context": "r v. Melo, 502 U.S. 21, 112 S.Ct. 358, 116 L.Ed.2d 301 (1991); Will v. Mich. Dep't of State Police, 491 U.S. 58, 109 S.Ct. 2304, 105 L.Ed.2d 45 (1989). Even when state officials act under color of state law purs", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "491 U.S. 58", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "488ad2617886a5d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4561, "end": 4575, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 2304", "context": "2 U.S. 21, 112 S.Ct. 358, 116 L.Ed.2d 301 (1991); Will v. Mich. Dep't of State Police, 491 U.S. 58, 109 S.Ct. 2304, 105 L.Ed.2d 45 (1989). Even when state officials act under color of state law pursuant to § 1983, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 2304", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb796ce38362b3c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4577, "end": 4591, "quote": "105 L.Ed.2d 45", "context": ".Ct. 358, 116 L.Ed.2d 301 (1991); Will v. Mich. Dep't of State Police, 491 U.S. 58, 109 S.Ct. 2304, 105 L.Ed.2d 45 (1989). Even when state officials act under color of state law pursuant to § 1983, the Eleventh Ame", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 L. Ed. 2d 45", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd4e3d4f4879b0a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4667, "end": 4673, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "Ct. 2304, 105 L.Ed.2d 45 (1989). Even when state officials act under color of state law pursuant to § 1983, the Eleventh Amendment bars monetary claims against them in then-official capacity. Id. at 98-99, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd94960da29ddb22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4759, "end": 4771, "quote": "Id. at 98-99", "context": "uant to § 1983, the Eleventh Amendment bars monetary claims against them in then-official capacity. Id. at 98-99, 109 S.Ct. 2304; see also Kostka v. Hogg, 560 F.2d 37 (1st Cir.1977).\nNotwithstanding, there is a l", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da77312f5c7e37cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4773, "end": 4787, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 2304", "context": ", the Eleventh Amendment bars monetary claims against them in then-official capacity. Id. at 98-99, 109 S.Ct. 2304; see also Kostka v. Hogg, 560 F.2d 37 (1st Cir.1977).\nNotwithstanding, there is a limited number of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 2304", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "36719bc08fd58f7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4814, "end": 4825, "quote": "560 F.2d 37", "context": "aims against them in then-official capacity. Id. at 98-99, 109 S.Ct. 2304; see also Kostka v. Hogg, 560 F.2d 37 (1st Cir.1977).\nNotwithstanding, there is a limited number of situations contemplated as exceptions", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "560 F.2d 37", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_560/0037_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dbf21232d0b33087", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 4992, "end": 5002, "quote": "14 F.3d 87", "context": "ations contemplated as exceptions to this sovereign immunity. Febus-Rodriguez v. Betancourt-Lebrón, 14 F.3d 87 (1994). Alvarez Rosario v. Cartagena 2005 WL 1949724, 2 (D.P.R.2005) In essence, a State can only b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 F.3d 87", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_14/0087_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a3163dc7bd1d94a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 5040, "end": 5055, "quote": "2005 WL 1949724", "context": "ign immunity. Febus-Rodriguez v. Betancourt-Lebrón, 14 F.3d 87 (1994). Alvarez Rosario v. Cartagena 2005 WL 1949724, 2 (D.P.R.2005) In essence, a State can only be sued in Federal Court if: 1) it waives its immunity", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2005 WL 1949724", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d442f5a369171ef8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 5229, "end": 5238, "quote": "Section 5", "context": " 1) it waives its immunity, 2) it consents to be sued, 3) if Congress overrides said immunity under Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment, or 4) other constitutional imperatives take precedence over the Eleven", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8836217cf832647d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 5358, "end": 5361, "quote": "Id.", "context": "mendment, or 4) other constitutional imperatives take precedence over the Eleventh Amendment’s bar. Id. In the present case, none of these exceptions have been raised. Therefore, all monetary claims agai", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "2005 WL 1949724", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6da98791772aa0ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 6130, "end": 6141, "quote": "322 F.3d 56", "context": "dical Care Cardiovascular Resources, Inc. v. Puerto Rico and Caribbean Cardiovascular Center Corp., 322 F.3d 56 (1st Cir.2003); Bernier-Aponte v. Izquierdo-Encarnacion, 196 F.Supp.2d 93, 98-99 (D.P.R.2002). It i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "322 F.3d 56", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_322/0056_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7561f4e6337dc311", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 6199, "end": 6215, "quote": "196 F.Supp.2d 93", "context": "n Cardiovascular Center Corp., 322 F.3d 56 (1st Cir.2003); Bernier-Aponte v. Izquierdo-Encarnacion, 196 F.Supp.2d 93, 98-99 (D.P.R.2002). It is settled law that the Puerto Rico Police Department is an alter ego of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "196 F. Supp. 2d 93", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_196/0093_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "548da4a038eb83c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 6377, "end": 6392, "quote": "996 F.Supp. 133", "context": "olice Department is an alter ego of the state and cannot be sued in federal court. Cestero v. Rosa, 996 F.Supp. 133, 142-43 (D.P.R. 1998). Sanchez Ramos v. Puerto Rico Police Dept., 392 F.Supp.2d 167, 177 (D.P.R.200", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "996 F. Supp. 133", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_996/0133_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f0d7fcd773e98de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 6459, "end": 6476, "quote": "392 F.Supp.2d 167", "context": " Cestero v. Rosa, 996 F.Supp. 133, 142-43 (D.P.R. 1998). Sanchez Ramos v. Puerto Rico Police Dept., 392 F.Supp.2d 167, 177 (D.P.R.2005). The Department is therefore, immune from suits under the Eleventh Amendment.\nIn ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "392 F. Supp. 2d 167", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_392/0167_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "98bbcbc68f8bdabf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 6962, "end": 6968, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": " individual defendants in their official capacity is barred by virtue of the Eleventh Amendment.\nB. § 1983 Claims against defendant Guevarez-Garcia\nDefendants submit that Plaintiffs’ claims against Defendan", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb9627774225d506", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 7936, "end": 7948, "quote": "Section 1983", "context": "h more detail all the events and transactions that transpired in January 2005. The Court disagrees.\nSection 1983 affords redress against a person who, under color of state law, deprives another person of any fede", "category": "section_1983", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d2f4ee119b99665", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 8121, "end": 8133, "quote": "285 F.3d 646", "context": " another person of any federal constitutional or statutory right. Omni Behavioral Health v. Miller, 285 F.3d 646, 650-51 (8th Cir.2002); see also Cruz-Erazo v. Rivera-Montanez, 212 F.3d 617, 621 (1st Cir.2000). I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "285 F.3d 646", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_285/0646_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b9f7868825991e98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 8198, "end": 8210, "quote": "212 F.3d 617", "context": "oral Health v. Miller, 285 F.3d 646, 650-51 (8th Cir.2002); see also Cruz-Erazo v. Rivera-Montanez, 212 F.3d 617, 621 (1st Cir.2000). It is well settled that in order for a claim to be cognizable under § 1983, pl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "212 F.3d 617", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_212/0617_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fcc44ea6283072d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 8300, "end": 8306, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "2 F.3d 617, 621 (1st Cir.2000). It is well settled that in order for a claim to be cognizable under § 1983, plaintiffs must plead and prove three elements: (1) that the defendants acted under color of state", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd9833abc29ffa2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 8638, "end": 8650, "quote": "882 F.2d 553", "context": "ed conduct was causally connected to the plaintiffs’ deprivation, Gutierrez-Rodriguez v. Cartagena, 882 F.2d 553, 558 (1st Cir.1989). Hence, to succeed in a § 1983 action, plaintiffs must prove that defendants ac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "882 F.2d 553", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_882/0553_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bfa2be0cbd2885db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 8695, "end": 8701, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "ivation, Gutierrez-Rodriguez v. Cartagena, 882 F.2d 553, 558 (1st Cir.1989). Hence, to succeed in a § 1983 action, plaintiffs must prove that defendants actions were a cause in fact or a proximate cause of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "111c686fa9b220d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 8851, "end": 8863, "quote": "503 U.S. 115", "context": "ions were a cause in fact or a proximate cause of their injury. See Collins v. City Harker Heights, 503 U.S. 115, 112 S.Ct. 1061, 117 L.Ed.2d 261 (1992).\nUnder § 1983, liability in damages can only be imposed upo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "503 U.S. 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_503/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "51b1a91ae06b2595", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 8865, "end": 8879, "quote": "112 S.Ct. 1061", "context": "use in fact or a proximate cause of their injury. See Collins v. City Harker Heights, 503 U.S. 115, 112 S.Ct. 1061, 117 L.Ed.2d 261 (1992).\nUnder § 1983, liability in damages can only be imposed upon officials who ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 1061", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_503/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "005196c04398efd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 8881, "end": 8896, "quote": "117 L.Ed.2d 261", "context": " proximate cause of their injury. See Collins v. City Harker Heights, 503 U.S. 115, 112 S.Ct. 1061, 117 L.Ed.2d 261 (1992).\nUnder § 1983, liability in damages can only be imposed upon officials who were involved per", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 L. Ed. 2d 261", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_503/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6ce5e173b5fafb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 8911, "end": 8917, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "ry. See Collins v. City Harker Heights, 503 U.S. 115, 112 S.Ct. 1061, 117 L.Ed.2d 261 (1992).\nUnder § 1983, liability in damages can only be imposed upon officials who were involved personally in the depriv", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4db15b79789b5ee6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9065, "end": 9076, "quote": "560 F.2d 37", "context": "officials who were involved personally in the deprivation of constitutional rights. Kostka v. Hogg, 560 F.2d 37, 40 (1st Cir.1977). Personal involvement requires a showing of a casual connection or affirmative l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "560 F.2d 37", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_560/0037_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a17852c8f4287808", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9292, "end": 9304, "quote": "864 F.2d 881", "context": "specific defendant and plaintiffs federal rights deprivation. Lipsett v. University of Puerto Rico, 864 F.2d 881, 902 (1st Cir.1988); Voutour v. Vitale, 761 F.2d 812, 819 (1st Cir.1985). This may consist of direc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "864 F.2d 881", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_864/0881_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3dff3a030eb79a42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9345, "end": 9357, "quote": "761 F.2d 812", "context": "ivation. Lipsett v. University of Puerto Rico, 864 F.2d 881, 902 (1st Cir.1988); Voutour v. Vitale, 761 F.2d 812, 819 (1st Cir.1985). This may consist of direct acts by the defendant, or certain acts performed at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "761 F.2d 812", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_761/0812_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a38a20cea5a8cf59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9546, "end": 9563, "quote": "160 F.Supp.2d 204", "context": "erformed at defendant’s direction or knowledge and consent. Rodríguez-Vázguez v. Cintrón-Rodríguez, 160 F.Supp.2d 204, 209 (D.P.R.2001). Each defendant individually responds for his own acts and omissions in light of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "160 F. Supp. 2d 204", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_160/0204_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2ae8be42892be97d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9744, "end": 9756, "quote": "436 U.S. 658", "context": "ssions in light of his own duties. See Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York, 436 U.S. 658, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362, 370, 96 S.Ct. 598, 46 L.Ed.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "436 U.S. 658", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5206da84e98cd6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9758, "end": 9771, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 2018", "context": "t of his own duties. See Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York, 436 U.S. 658, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362, 370, 96 S.Ct. 598, 46 L.Ed.2d 561 (1976). In ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 2018", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d9300a1b0ab5da7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9773, "end": 9787, "quote": "56 L.Ed.2d 611", "context": "ties. See Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York, 436 U.S. 658, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362, 370, 96 S.Ct. 598, 46 L.Ed.2d 561 (1976). In other words, as ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 L. Ed. 2d 611", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3f62c3e18a8cb55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9812, "end": 9824, "quote": "423 U.S. 362", "context": "l Services of City of New York, 436 U.S. 658, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362, 370, 96 S.Ct. 598, 46 L.Ed.2d 561 (1976). In other words, as there is no respondeat superior liabi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "423 U.S. 362", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c6b55211c18b4b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9831, "end": 9843, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 598", "context": "of New York, 436 U.S. 658, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362, 370, 96 S.Ct. 598, 46 L.Ed.2d 561 (1976). In other words, as there is no respondeat superior liability under § 1983, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 598", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "874acf70d02c7712", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9845, "end": 9859, "quote": "46 L.Ed.2d 561", "context": "36 U.S. 658, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362, 370, 96 S.Ct. 598, 46 L.Ed.2d 561 (1976). In other words, as there is no respondeat superior liability under § 1983, liability can on", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 L. Ed. 2d 561", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d3ec95181cd2bcd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 9935, "end": 9941, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": ".Ct. 598, 46 L.Ed.2d 561 (1976). In other words, as there is no respondeat superior liability under § 1983, liability can only be imposed upon officials who were personally involved in the deprivation of co", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec15571551dcfbf5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 10071, "end": 10090, "quote": "864 F.2d at 901-902", "context": "d upon officials who were personally involved in the deprivation of constitutional rights. Lipsett, 864 F.2d at 901-902.\nIn the case at bar, Plaintiffs claim that Guevarez-Garcia is liable solely because the Puerto Rico", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "864 F.2d 881", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_864/0881_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a86cce0b66adc4fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 10409, "end": 10415, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "arcia personally committed any of the illegal acts charged in the Complaint. Therefore, inasmuch as § 1983 does not provide for supervisory liability, plaintiffs averments against Gue-varez-Garcia are not s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3df541052500fd97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 10800, "end": 10814, "quote": "950 F.2d at 23", "context": "eir best foot forward in an effort to present a legal theory that will support their claim.” McCoy, 950 F.2d at 23. Simply stating that further discovery would give them a more precise idea of how to proceed agains", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "950 F.2d 13", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_950/0013_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f7788f569fa885a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 11190, "end": 11196, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "rivileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution or laws of the United States. Accordingly, all § 1983 claims against Guevarez-Garcia are DISMISSED.\nCONCLUSION\nFor the reasons discussed above, the Court", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4906208ab7705c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 11894, "end": 11910, "quote": "196 F.Supp.2d 93", "context": " is considered a state for Eleventh Amendment purposes. See Bernier-Aponte v. Izquierdo-Encamacion, 196 F.Supp.2d 93, 98 (D.P.R.2002) (citing Negron Gaztambide v. Hernandez Torres, 145 F.3d 410 (1st Cir. 1998)).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "196 F. Supp. 2d 93", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_196/0093_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b6bd9f2b6726b4bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_425/0188_01/index.html", "start": 11975, "end": 11987, "quote": "145 F.3d 410", "context": "uierdo-Encamacion, 196 F.Supp.2d 93, 98 (D.P.R.2002) (citing Negron Gaztambide v. Hernandez Torres, 145 F.3d 410 (1st Cir. 1998)).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "145 F.3d 410", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_145/0410_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b9785a42c98f2ea8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 313, "end": 328, "quote": "21 U.S.C. § 881", "context": "n the Complaint, Plaintiff seeks forfeiture and condemnation of the Defendant property, pursuant to 21 U.S.C. § 881(a)(7). Specifically, Plaintiff claims that the Defendant property is subject to forfeiture because ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "21 U.S.C. § 881", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a99c5cf022317fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 323, "end": 334, "quote": "§ 881(a)(7)", "context": "laint, Plaintiff seeks forfeiture and condemnation of the Defendant property, pursuant to 21 U.S.C. § 881(a)(7). Specifically, Plaintiff claims that the Defendant property is subject to forfeiture because it was", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0539fab8c1a3e882", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 551, "end": 567, "quote": "21 U.S.C. §§ 841", "context": "te a conspiracy to distribute controlled substances, in violation of the Controlled Substances Act, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841, 846. A Notice of Lis Pendens was filed with the Clerk of Court of the County where the Defendant p", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "21 U.S.C. §§ 841", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_21/section_841/title21_sec841_252bd57f77a5/841_prohibited_acts_a_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "483cf5d93c530232", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 6405, "end": 6416, "quote": "43 F.3d 388", "context": ") in presenting their claims to the court.” United States of Am. v. Three Parcels of Real Property, 43 F.3d 388, 391 (8th Cir.1994). In United States of America v. Three Parcels of Real Property, the appellate c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 F.3d 388", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_43/0388_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c51383d900624d6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 6639, "end": 6652, "quote": "Id. at 391-92", "context": "n of the district court in striking certain claims filed pro se pursuant to Supplemental Rule C(6). Id. at 391-92. Finding that the notices of claim did not specifically identify who had what interest in the subje", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "43 F.3d 388", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_43/0388_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cbe2e23d6f402148", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 6902, "end": 6912, "quote": "Id. at 392", "context": " as required by Supplemental Rule C(6), the appellate court affirmed the district court’s decision. Id. at 392. The Court of Appeals noted that the claimants had the opportunity to amend their notices to comply", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "43 F.3d 388", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_43/0388_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "233bb4f5527d759b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 7140, "end": 7143, "quote": "Id.", "context": "o do so, and that the claimants’ pro se status was insufficient to excuse their procedural default. Id.\nLikewise, in United States v. Ford 250 Pickup 1990, the Eighth Circuit affirmed a district court’s ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "43 F.3d 388", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_43/0388_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c3a7d6f10a6f45e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 7351, "end": 7364, "quote": "980 F.2d 1242", "context": " of a claim to ownership of a vehicle and its grant of default judgment in favor of the government. 980 F.2d 1242, 1243 (8th Cir.1992). In Ford 250, a claimant timely filed a certified claim, but failed to serve t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "980 F.2d 1242", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_980/1238_1242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4fb8ec47d0bfb98c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 7565, "end": 7576, "quote": "Id. at 1244", "context": "e claim on the United States Attorney and did not file a separate answer to the Verified Complaint. Id. at 1244. The Court of Appeals rejected the claimant’s argument that the timely filed claim was detailed eno", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "980 F.2d 1242", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_980/1238_1242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cac320c8e788d473", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 7942, "end": 7953, "quote": "Id. at 1245", "context": "nd that “this court has held that an answer, standing alone, is insufficient to satisfy Rule C(6).” Id. at 1245 (quoting United States v. United States Currency Totalling $3,81749, 826 F.2d 785, 787 (8th Cir.198", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_980/1238_1242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9858698473e58e4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 8023, "end": 8035, "quote": "826 F.2d 785", "context": "atisfy Rule C(6).” Id. at 1245 (quoting United States v. United States Currency Totalling $3,81749, 826 F.2d 785, 787 (8th Cir.1987) and citing United States v. Beechcraft Queen Airplane, 789 F.2d 627, 630 (8th C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "826 F.2d 785", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_826/0785_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c6a43dcd092508a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 8111, "end": 8123, "quote": "789 F.2d 627", "context": "g $3,81749, 826 F.2d 785, 787 (8th Cir.1987) and citing United States v. Beechcraft Queen Airplane, 789 F.2d 627, 630 (8th Cir.1986)). More importantly, the Court of Appeals held the district court did not err in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "789 F.2d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_789/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5700c1d0ca8673db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 8307, "end": 8310, "quote": "Id.", "context": "t did not err in refusing to permit the claimant to file a late answer in compliance with the rule. Id. “In order to avoid the strict requirements of Rule C(6), the party attempting the untimely filing m", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "789 F.2d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_789/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "626b249de4944964", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 8464, "end": 8467, "quote": "Id.", "context": "6), the party attempting the untimely filing must show excusable neglect or a meritorious defense.” Id. (citing Beechcraft, 789 F.2d at 630).\nThe United States Supreme Court has articulated four factors ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "789 F.2d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_789/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "341840d11e0c6b75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 8488, "end": 8503, "quote": "789 F.2d at 630", "context": " the untimely filing must show excusable neglect or a meritorious defense.” Id. (citing Beechcraft, 789 F.2d at 630).\nThe United States Supreme Court has articulated four factors to be considered in determining whet", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "789 F.2d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_789/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2cd53344eba1dc52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 9179, "end": 9191, "quote": "507 U.S. 380", "context": "ther the movant acted in good faith.\nPioneer Inv. Servs. Co. v. Brunswick Assocs. Ltd. Partnership, 507 U.S. 380, 395, 113 S.Ct. 1489, 123 L.Ed.2d 74 (1993). The Eighth Circuit has further delineated the boundari", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "507 U.S. 380", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b6b27116d11a7369", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 9198, "end": 9212, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 1489", "context": "ed in good faith.\nPioneer Inv. Servs. Co. v. Brunswick Assocs. Ltd. Partnership, 507 U.S. 380, 395, 113 S.Ct. 1489, 123 L.Ed.2d 74 (1993). The Eighth Circuit has further delineated the boundaries of excusable negle", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 1489", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a28fab258d4b9b2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 9214, "end": 9228, "quote": "123 L.Ed.2d 74", "context": ".\nPioneer Inv. Servs. Co. v. Brunswick Assocs. Ltd. Partnership, 507 U.S. 380, 395, 113 S.Ct. 1489, 123 L.Ed.2d 74 (1993). The Eighth Circuit has further delineated the boundaries of excusable neglect, finding that", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 L. Ed. 2d 74", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1bd8dbe44c125bf3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 9497, "end": 9510, "quote": "408 F.3d 1043", "context": "ilure to comply with a filing deadline is attributable to negligence.’ ” Noah v. Bond Cold Storage, 408 F.3d 1043, 1045 (8th Cir.2005) (quoting Union Pac. R.R. v. Progress Rail Servs. Corp., 256 F.3d 781, 782 (8th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "408 F.3d 1043", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_408/1043_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7d87adb2cb90363a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 9588, "end": 9600, "quote": "256 F.3d 781", "context": "Storage, 408 F.3d 1043, 1045 (8th Cir.2005) (quoting Union Pac. R.R. v. Progress Rail Servs. Corp., 256 F.3d 781, 782 (8th Cir.2001)). “To be excusable, however, the neglect must be accompanied by a showing of go", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "256 F.3d 781", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_256/0781_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c00fc21fc26a77b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 9770, "end": 9773, "quote": "Id.", "context": "accompanied by a showing of good faith and some reasonable basis for not complying with the rules.” Id. (citing Ivy v. Kimbrough, 115 F.3d 550, 552 (8th Cir.1997)). Excusable neglect does not include “ig", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "256 F.3d 781", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_256/0781_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0927c515d372a787", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 9800, "end": 9812, "quote": "115 F.3d 550", "context": "od faith and some reasonable basis for not complying with the rules.” Id. (citing Ivy v. Kimbrough, 115 F.3d 550, 552 (8th Cir.1997)). Excusable neglect does not include “ignorance or carelessness on the part of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 F.3d 550", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_115/0550_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d8bc45725a9ee053", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 10026, "end": 10029, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nor does excusable neglect encompass “the failure to follow the clear dictates of a court rule....” Id. (citing Hunt v. City of Minneapolis, 203 F.3d 524, 528 n. 3 (8th Cir. 2000); Ceridian Corp. v. SCSC", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "115 F.3d 550", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_115/0550_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "93384240e4f79b2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 10067, "end": 10079, "quote": "203 F.3d 524", "context": " failure to follow the clear dictates of a court rule....” Id. (citing Hunt v. City of Minneapolis, 203 F.3d 524, 528 n. 3 (8th Cir. 2000); Ceridian Corp. v. SCSC Corp., 212 F.3d 398, 404 (8th Cir.2000)).\nIn the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "203 F.3d 524", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_203/0524_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "618f5ae9f019a966", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 10137, "end": 10149, "quote": "212 F.3d 398", "context": " Hunt v. City of Minneapolis, 203 F.3d 524, 528 n. 3 (8th Cir. 2000); Ceridian Corp. v. SCSC Corp., 212 F.3d 398, 404 (8th Cir.2000)).\nIn the present case, the Court finds that the first Pioneer factor does not w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "212 F.3d 398", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_212/0398_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c9fe804cfb7fb381", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 14640, "end": 14658, "quote": "507 U.S. at 398-99", "context": "tion. The third factor, the reason for the delay, weighs most heavily in the equation. See Pioneer, 507 U.S. at 398-99, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (indicating that where the third factor weighs in favor of a finding of excusable n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "507 U.S. 380", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c17f62935b27065f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 14660, "end": 14674, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 1489", "context": "or, the reason for the delay, weighs most heavily in the equation. See Pioneer, 507 U.S. at 398-99, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (indicating that where the third factor weighs in favor of a finding of excusable neglect, the firs", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 1489", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4459afa6258c1f13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 15122, "end": 15134, "quote": "211 F.3d 457", "context": "rst, second, and fourth factors weight in favor of the claimant); Lowry v. McDonnell Douglas Corp., 211 F.3d 457, 463 (8th Cir.2000) (“[T]he excuse given for the late filing must have the greatest import.”). Wher", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "211 F.3d 457", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_211/0457_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f6f0853892a96a44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 15858, "end": 15873, "quote": "211 F.3d at 464", "context": " to nothing more than “garden-variety attorney inattention” and not “excusable neglect.” See Lowry, 211 F.3d at 464. While the entry of default judgment is not favored by the law and “should be a ‘rare judicial act’", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "211 F.3d 457", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_211/0457_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e958360c630eda9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 16095, "end": 16108, "quote": "989 F.2d 1007", "context": "esent case warrant the entry of default judgment in favor of the Plaintiff. Comiskey v. JFTJ Corp., 989 F.2d 1007, 1009 (8th Cir.1993) (quoting Edgar v. Slaughter, 548 F.2d 770, 773 (8th Cir.1977)). Accordingly, P", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "989 F.2d 1007", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_989/1007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2fb39c24e8a5b987", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 16159, "end": 16171, "quote": "548 F.2d 770", "context": " Plaintiff. Comiskey v. JFTJ Corp., 989 F.2d 1007, 1009 (8th Cir.1993) (quoting Edgar v. Slaughter, 548 F.2d 770, 773 (8th Cir.1977)). Accordingly, Plaintiffs Motion for Default Judgment (Clerk’s No. 9) is GRANTE", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "548 F.2d 770", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_548/0770_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "48783839b5ba1cd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17148, "end": 17163, "quote": "507 U.S. at 396", "context": " held that clients must be held accountable for the acts and omissions of their attorneys. Pioneer, 507 U.S. at 396, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (citing Link v. Wabash R.R. Co., 370 U.S. 626, 633, 82 S.Ct. 1386, 8 L.Ed.2d 734 (1", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "507 U.S. 380", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b25af9197aa58f20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17165, "end": 17179, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 1489", "context": "s must be held accountable for the acts and omissions of their attorneys. Pioneer, 507 U.S. at 396, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (citing Link v. Wabash R.R. Co., 370 U.S. 626, 633, 82 S.Ct. 1386, 8 L.Ed.2d 734 (1962)). Valdez \"v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 1489", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "820082fc8bc3c63c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17213, "end": 17225, "quote": "370 U.S. 626", "context": "sions of their attorneys. Pioneer, 507 U.S. at 396, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (citing Link v. Wabash R.R. Co., 370 U.S. 626, 633, 82 S.Ct. 1386, 8 L.Ed.2d 734 (1962)). Valdez \"voluntarily chose this attorney as [her] repres", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "370 U.S. 626", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13dbaf99aae2319a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17232, "end": 17245, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 1386", "context": "rneys. Pioneer, 507 U.S. at 396, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (citing Link v. Wabash R.R. Co., 370 U.S. 626, 633, 82 S.Ct. 1386, 8 L.Ed.2d 734 (1962)). Valdez \"voluntarily chose this attorney as [her] representative in the acti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 1386", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f6fa2e416c40fe0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17247, "end": 17260, "quote": "8 L.Ed.2d 734", "context": " 507 U.S. at 396, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (citing Link v. Wabash R.R. Co., 370 U.S. 626, 633, 82 S.Ct. 1386, 8 L.Ed.2d 734 (1962)). Valdez \"voluntarily chose this attorney as [her] representative in the action, and [she] c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 L. Ed. 2d 734", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11d2ca23a9ee3840", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17711, "end": 17721, "quote": "Id. at 397", "context": "and is considered to have 'notice of all facts, notice of which can be charged upon the attorney.'” Id. at 397, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (quoting Link, 370 U.S. at 633-34, 82 S.Ct. 1386 and Smith v. Ayer, 101 U.S. 320, 3", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40181cb18a9de22d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17723, "end": 17737, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 1489", "context": "dered to have 'notice of all facts, notice of which can be charged upon the attorney.'” Id. at 397, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (quoting Link, 370 U.S. at 633-34, 82 S.Ct. 1386 and Smith v. Ayer, 101 U.S. 320, 326, 11 Otto 320,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 1489", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2a9064cbffa04379", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17753, "end": 17771, "quote": "370 U.S. at 633-34", "context": "acts, notice of which can be charged upon the attorney.'” Id. at 397, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (quoting Link, 370 U.S. at 633-34, 82 S.Ct. 1386 and Smith v. Ayer, 101 U.S. 320, 326, 11 Otto 320, 25 L.Ed. 955 (1880)).\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "370 U.S. 626", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb166d11ebc007af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17773, "end": 17786, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 1386", "context": "h can be charged upon the attorney.'” Id. at 397, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (quoting Link, 370 U.S. at 633-34, 82 S.Ct. 1386 and Smith v. Ayer, 101 U.S. 320, 326, 11 Otto 320, 25 L.Ed. 955 (1880)).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 1386", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90a61ef027106c7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17806, "end": 17818, "quote": "101 U.S. 320", "context": "y.'” Id. at 397, 113 S.Ct. 1489 (quoting Link, 370 U.S. at 633-34, 82 S.Ct. 1386 and Smith v. Ayer, 101 U.S. 320, 326, 11 Otto 320, 25 L.Ed. 955 (1880)).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 U.S. 320", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a08ec3a783dcb5c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17825, "end": 17836, "quote": "11 Otto 320", "context": "3 S.Ct. 1489 (quoting Link, 370 U.S. at 633-34, 82 S.Ct. 1386 and Smith v. Ayer, 101 U.S. 320, 326, 11 Otto 320, 25 L.Ed. 955 (1880)).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 Otto 320", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ec5d57950d96c78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_496/1012_01/index.html", "start": 17838, "end": 17850, "quote": "25 L.Ed. 955", "context": "(quoting Link, 370 U.S. at 633-34, 82 S.Ct. 1386 and Smith v. Ayer, 101 U.S. 320, 326, 11 Otto 320, 25 L.Ed. 955 (1880)).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 L. Ed. 955", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ef5d34d74d4174f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 5739, "end": 5756, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 16901", "context": "ation as a sex offender as required by the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SOR-NA), 42 U.S.C. § 16901 et seq., in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). The defendant moved to dismiss the indictment on a va", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 16901", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16901/title42_sec16901_efb23b7c9bf2/16901_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "f51c1ffa2fc34f5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 5782, "end": 5798, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 2250", "context": "Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SOR-NA), 42 U.S.C. § 16901 et seq., in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). The defendant moved to dismiss the indictment on a variety of grounds, but the Court denied the", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 2250", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "262de728d4b3706d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 5792, "end": 5801, "quote": "§ 2250(a)", "context": "er Registration and Notification Act (SOR-NA), 42 U.S.C. § 16901 et seq., in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). The defendant moved to dismiss the indictment on a variety of grounds, but the Court denied the de", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82d4bbe648a30096", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 7021, "end": 7038, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 14071", "context": "r addresses with state law enforcement for a minimum period of ten years after release from prison. 42 U.S.C. § 14071(b)(6). The first time a sex offender knowingly failed to register was deemed a misdemeanor with a p", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 14071", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65cc6be483c98087", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 7031, "end": 7044, "quote": "§ 14071(b)(6)", "context": "s with state law enforcement for a minimum period of ten years after release from prison. 42 U.S.C. § 14071(b)(6). The first time a sex offender knowingly failed to register was deemed a misdemeanor with a potenti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08839fc54ece6b5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 7273, "end": 7283, "quote": "§ 14072(i)", "context": " imprisonment. For a second offense, a sex offender faced up to ten years imprisonment. 42 U. S .C. § 14072(i).\nOn July 27, 2006, Congress enacted the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 and SORN", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ddd7d09e2181d717", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 7454, "end": 7461, "quote": "the Act", "context": "d Safety Act of 2006 and SORNA. Pursuant to SORNA, a sex offender who is required to register under the Act and who travels in interstate commerce may be imprisoned for not more than ten years if such person", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf56e13816a5352c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 7639, "end": 7646, "quote": "the Act", "context": "n years if such person knowingly fails to register or update his or her registration as required by the Act. 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). The registration requirements for SORNA are set forth in 42 U.S.C. § 16913. F", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d3a97d1c05198eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 7648, "end": 7664, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 2250", "context": "f such person knowingly fails to register or update his or her registration as required by the Act. 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). The registration requirements for SORNA are set forth in 42 U.S.C. § 16913. For offenders such ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 2250", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "00c48af061301a1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 7658, "end": 7667, "quote": "§ 2250(a)", "context": "son knowingly fails to register or update his or her registration as required by the Act. 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). The registration requirements for SORNA are set forth in 42 U.S.C. § 16913. For offenders such as ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cfbfac9ea0c0739d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 7726, "end": 7743, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "context": " required by the Act. 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). The registration requirements for SORNA are set forth in 42 U.S.C. § 16913. For offenders such as the defendant who were convicted prior to SORNA’s enactment and are unable t", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f513d7a3c7321b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 7736, "end": 7744, "quote": "§ 16913.", "context": "by the Act. 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). The registration requirements for SORNA are set forth in 42 U.S.C. § 16913. For offenders such as the defendant who were convicted prior to SORNA’s enactment and are unable to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "cdf644641a6422c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 7917, "end": 7927, "quote": "§ 16913(d)", "context": "enactment and are unable to comply with the initial registration requirements, Congress provided in § 16913(d):\nThe Attorney General shall have the authority to specify the applicability of the requirements of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21403a3f6c711003", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 8317, "end": 8334, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "context": "for other categories of sex offenders who are unable to comply with subsection (b) of this section.\n42 U.S.C. § 16913(d). In addition, for notifying sex offenders with prior convictions of their obligations under SORN", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "22de83f8942b64bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 8327, "end": 8337, "quote": "§ 16913(d)", "context": "categories of sex offenders who are unable to comply with subsection (b) of this section.\n42 U.S.C. § 16913(d). In addition, for notifying sex offenders with prior convictions of their obligations under SORNA, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a60104765ea71c2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 8621, "end": 8638, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 16917", "context": "ation of sex offenders who cannot be registered in accordance with subsection (a) of this section.” 42 U.S.C. § 16917(b).\nIt was not until February 28, 2007, however, that the Attorney General published the Interim Ru", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 16917", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f41230cfe57da4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 8631, "end": 8641, "quote": "§ 16917(b)", "context": "ex offenders who cannot be registered in accordance with subsection (a) of this section.” 42 U.S.C. § 16917(b).\nIt was not until February 28, 2007, however, that the Attorney General published the Interim Rule,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20ebd0c65b476552", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 8801, "end": 8817, "quote": "28 C.F.R. § 72.3", "context": "rney General published the Interim Rule, making SORNA applicable to the defendant. Specifically, in 28 C.F.R. § 72.3, the Attorney General stated that SORNA’s requirements “apply to all sex offenders, including sex o", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "28 C.F.R. § 72.3", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da1b351388708875", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 9023, "end": 9040, "quote": "28 C.F.R. § 72.3.", "context": "rs convicted of the offense for which registration is required prior to the enactment of that Act.” 28 C.F.R. § 72.3. In the Supplementary Information of the Rule, the Attorney General explained that this Rule makes “", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb5c6cd3c1ec022c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 9206, "end": 9213, "quote": "the Act", "context": "l explained that this Rule makes “it indisputably clear that SORNA applies to all sex offenders (as the Act defines that term) regardless of when they were convicted” and it forecloses all claims that it doe", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6717d112f9cb95f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 9741, "end": 9750, "quote": "Section 9", "context": "octrine. For the following reasons, the Court agrees with the defendant.\nIII.\nDISCUSSION\nArticle I, Section 9, clause 3 of the United States Constitution provides that “[n]o Bill of Attainder or ex post facto ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c92cedf93a7cb336", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 9893, "end": 9896, "quote": "§ 9", "context": "n provides that “[n]o Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.” U.S. Const., art. I, § 9, cl. 3. In Weaver v. Graham, 450 U.S. 24, 101 S.Ct. 960, 67 L.Ed.2d 17 (1981), the United States Su", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc51e3a60905d276", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 9926, "end": 9937, "quote": "450 U.S. 24", "context": "ainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.” U.S. Const., art. I, § 9, cl. 3. In Weaver v. Graham, 450 U.S. 24, 101 S.Ct. 960, 67 L.Ed.2d 17 (1981), the United States Supreme Court explained that ex post facto ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "450 U.S. 24", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a8bf66a1f162a34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 9939, "end": 9952, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 960", "context": "post facto Law shall be passed.” U.S. Const., art. I, § 9, cl. 3. In Weaver v. Graham, 450 U.S. 24, 101 S.Ct. 960, 67 L.Ed.2d 17 (1981), the United States Supreme Court explained that ex post facto prohibits Congr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 960", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff27fd60fca957c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 9954, "end": 9967, "quote": "67 L.Ed.2d 17", "context": "shall be passed.” U.S. Const., art. I, § 9, cl. 3. In Weaver v. Graham, 450 U.S. 24, 101 S.Ct. 960, 67 L.Ed.2d 17 (1981), the United States Supreme Court explained that ex post facto prohibits Congress from enacti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 L. Ed. 2d 17", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f252c2b504c93515", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 10229, "end": 10243, "quote": "450 U.S. at 28", "context": "punishable at the time it was committed; or imposes additional punishment to that then prescribed.” 450 U.S. at 28, 101 S.Ct. 960 (internal quotation, marks and citations omitted). In deciding whether a statute vio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "450 U.S. 24", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6fc909979197b39f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 10245, "end": 10258, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 960", "context": "e time it was committed; or imposes additional punishment to that then prescribed.” 450 U.S. at 28, 101 S.Ct. 960 (internal quotation, marks and citations omitted). In deciding whether a statute violates ex post f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 960", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aeeb4e89afa54608", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 10540, "end": 10549, "quote": "Id. at 29", "context": "ly to events occurring before its enactment, and it must disadvantage the offender affected by it.” Id. at 29, 101 S.Ct. 960 (footnotes and citations omitted). The Supreme Court further stated:\nCritical to rel", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "785a1eead51555ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 10551, "end": 10564, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 960", "context": "s occurring before its enactment, and it must disadvantage the offender affected by it.” Id. at 29, 101 S.Ct. 960 (footnotes and citations omitted). The Supreme Court further stated:\nCritical to relief under the E", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 960", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c95a94fe4ab0d734", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11106, "end": 11118, "quote": "Id. at 30-31", "context": "use if it is both retrospective and more onerous than the law in effect on the date of the offense.\nId. at 30-31, 101 S.Ct. 960 (footnote omitted).\nIn this Court’s prior Memorandum Opinion and Order, the Court ad", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8ebaff10f521cca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11120, "end": 11133, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 960", "context": "oth retrospective and more onerous than the law in effect on the date of the offense.\nId. at 30-31, 101 S.Ct. 960 (footnote omitted).\nIn this Court’s prior Memorandum Opinion and Order, the Court addressed whether", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 960", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23408dcd4d9ff7f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11442, "end": 11453, "quote": "538 U.S. 84", "context": " determining that they did not, the Court relied upon the Supreme Court’s decision in Smith v. Doe, 538 U.S. 84, 123 S.Ct. 1140, 155 L.Ed.2d 164 (2003). In Smith, the Supreme Court was asked to decide whether th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "538 U.S. 84", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0084_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f99f8f6ec7e99839", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11455, "end": 11469, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1140", "context": "that they did not, the Court relied upon the Supreme Court’s decision in Smith v. Doe, 538 U.S. 84, 123 S.Ct. 1140, 155 L.Ed.2d 164 (2003). In Smith, the Supreme Court was asked to decide whether the registration r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1140", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0084_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ffb843aed8ee1c47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11471, "end": 11486, "quote": "155 L.Ed.2d 164", "context": "t, the Court relied upon the Supreme Court’s decision in Smith v. Doe, 538 U.S. 84, 123 S.Ct. 1140, 155 L.Ed.2d 164 (2003). In Smith, the Supreme Court was asked to decide whether the registration requirement contai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "155 L. Ed. 2d 164", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0084_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "944e8ea1da30d6df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11671, "end": 11685, "quote": "538 U.S. at 89", "context": "uirement contained within Alaska’s Sex Offender Registration Act violated the Ex Post Facto Clause. 538 U.S. at 89, 123 S.Ct. 1140. The Alaskan Act contained both a registration requirement and a notification syste", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "538 U.S. 84", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0084_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2abee0651f225d7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11687, "end": 11701, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1140", "context": "ed within Alaska’s Sex Offender Registration Act violated the Ex Post Facto Clause. 538 U.S. at 89, 123 S.Ct. 1140. The Alaskan Act contained both a registration requirement and a notification system, and it applie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1140", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0084_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f9088e76fe91efc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11883, "end": 11892, "quote": "Id. at 90", "context": "tem, and it applied retroactively to those previously convicted of sex or child kidnaping offenses. Id. at 90, 123 S.Ct. 1140. The constitutionality of the Act was challenged by two individuals who were requir", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "545bfd9592ac8d9d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11894, "end": 11908, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1140", "context": " applied retroactively to those previously convicted of sex or child kidnaping offenses. Id. at 90, 123 S.Ct. 1140. The constitutionality of the Act was challenged by two individuals who were required by the Act to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1140", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0084_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9a68b5e04319da45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11935, "end": 11942, "quote": "the Act", "context": "y convicted of sex or child kidnaping offenses. Id. at 90, 123 S.Ct. 1140. The constitutionality of the Act was challenged by two individuals who were required by the Act to comply with the registration requ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a11cf9ce80f7c1dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 11998, "end": 12005, "quote": "the Act", "context": "S.Ct. 1140. The constitutionality of the Act was challenged by two individuals who were required by the Act to comply with the registration requirements, but who were convicted of sex offenses prior to the A", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b3479e1c8c72434b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 12100, "end": 12107, "quote": "the Act", "context": "e Act to comply with the registration requirements, but who were convicted of sex offenses prior to the Act’s passage. Id. at 91, 123 S.Ct. 1140. In finding the Act did not violate the Ex Post Facto Clause, ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f97e8d8493206d00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 12119, "end": 12128, "quote": "Id. at 91", "context": "h the registration requirements, but who were convicted of sex offenses prior to the Act’s passage. Id. at 91, 123 S.Ct. 1140. In finding the Act did not violate the Ex Post Facto Clause, the Supreme Court fou", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b895c545f6bbc43c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 12130, "end": 12144, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1140", "context": "tration requirements, but who were convicted of sex offenses prior to the Act’s passage. Id. at 91, 123 S.Ct. 1140. In finding the Act did not violate the Ex Post Facto Clause, the Supreme Court found the regime it", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1140", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0084_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4605628d64e4dca1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 12157, "end": 12164, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ho were convicted of sex offenses prior to the Act’s passage. Id. at 91, 123 S.Ct. 1140. In finding the Act did not violate the Ex Post Facto Clause, the Supreme Court found the regime it created was civil a", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "956e5e6038aa6797", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 12731, "end": 12744, "quote": "Id. at 101-02", "context": "uirement, and how those questions might be resolved, are concerns beyond the scope of this opinion.\nId. at 101-02, 123 S.Ct. 1140. It is clear in reading Smith that the primary focus of the Supreme Court was wheth", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "35a442f35061a01f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 12746, "end": 12760, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1140", "context": "ow those questions might be resolved, are concerns beyond the scope of this opinion.\nId. at 101-02, 123 S.Ct. 1140. It is clear in reading Smith that the primary focus of the Supreme Court was whether the registry ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1140", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0084_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d97d1e22c5ee243", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 13769, "end": 13786, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "context": "mer of 2005 he committed the federal crime of failing to register as a sex offender in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 14072(g)(3) and (i). Under that statute, the defendant is guilty of a misdemeanor with a maximum potentia", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8aa462927e5aa3fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 13779, "end": 13792, "quote": "§ 14072(g)(3)", "context": "5 he committed the federal crime of failing to register as a sex offender in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 14072(g)(3) and (i). Under that statute, the defendant is guilty of a misdemeanor with a maximum potential pena", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a99f0662557b89f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 14143, "end": 14159, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 2250", "context": "s indicted for violating SOR-NA, which is a felony, punishable by up to ten years imprisonment. See 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). In order to be convicted under SORNA, the Government must prove the following elements beyond a", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 2250", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ca0da3ff856bc76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 14153, "end": 14162, "quote": "§ 2250(a)", "context": " for violating SOR-NA, which is a felony, punishable by up to ten years imprisonment. See 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a). In order to be convicted under SORNA, the Government must prove the following elements beyond a re", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f06abde42a56af5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 14488, "end": 14495, "quote": "the Act", "context": "rce; and (3) that the defendant knowingly fails to register or update a registration as required by the Act. With respect to these elements, the defendant contends that his change of address occurred prior t", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e47fca455637c73d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 15665, "end": 15674, "quote": "Id. at *5", "context": "long as it occurred after the conviction which gave rise to the registration requirements in SORNA. Id. at *5. The court, however, rejected this argument, finding it clearly was a retrospective application of ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40dd9acb90891d92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 15774, "end": 15781, "quote": "the Act", "context": ". The court, however, rejected this argument, finding it clearly was a retrospective application of the Act by “seeking] to capture travel that occurred prior to SORNA’s enactment.” Id. at *6. In addition, t", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca444fc0b6931cf7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 15856, "end": 15865, "quote": "Id. at *6", "context": "ve application of the Act by “seeking] to capture travel that occurred prior to SORNA’s enactment.” Id. at *6. In addition, the court recognized that the defendant faced a ten-fold increase in punishment if he", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5dcffd4a05060afa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 16058, "end": 16061, "quote": "Id.", "context": "t if he were to be convicted under SORNA as opposed to a conviction under the Jacob Wetterling Act. Id. Thus, the court had little difficulty ■ finding the Government’s construction ran afoul of the Ex P", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "655196e8b7da51b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 16179, "end": 16188, "quote": "Id. at *6", "context": "ad little difficulty ■ finding the Government’s construction ran afoul of the Ex Post Facto Clause. Id. at *6.\nSimilarly, in United States v. Bobby Smith, 481 F.Supp.2d 846 (E.D.Mich.2007), cited by Sallee, th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f4e2e4e55fadf56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 16234, "end": 16251, "quote": "481 F.Supp.2d 846", "context": "ction ran afoul of the Ex Post Facto Clause. Id. at *6.\nSimilarly, in United States v. Bobby Smith, 481 F.Supp.2d 846 (E.D.Mich.2007), cited by Sallee, the defendant had moved from New York to Michigan before SOR-NA’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "481 F. Supp. 2d 846", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_481/0846_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b7aedc3906bc33e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 16363, "end": 16383, "quote": "481 F.Supp.2d at 847", "context": "007), cited by Sallee, the defendant had moved from New York to Michigan before SOR-NA’s enactment. 481 F.Supp.2d at 847. On January 18, 2007, the defendant was indicted for violating § 2250 and for violating the Jacob W", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "481 F. Supp. 2d 846", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_481/0846_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f98b1a623cc5928", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 16447, "end": 16453, "quote": "§ 2250", "context": "NA’s enactment. 481 F.Supp.2d at 847. On January 18, 2007, the defendant was indicted for violating § 2250 and for violating the Jacob Wetterling Act, 42 U.S.C. § 14072®. Id. at 848. The Government argued t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "496965488f0170da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 16498, "end": 16515, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "context": ", 2007, the defendant was indicted for violating § 2250 and for violating the Jacob Wetterling Act, 42 U.S.C. § 14072®. Id. at 848. The Government argued that applying § 2250 to the defendant did not violate the ex po", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6546fed84d021ab2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 16518, "end": 16528, "quote": "Id. at 848", "context": "t was indicted for violating § 2250 and for violating the Jacob Wetterling Act, 42 U.S.C. § 14072®. Id. at 848. The Government argued that applying § 2250 to the defendant did not violate the ex post facto doct", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a53d8989a428063", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 16566, "end": 16572, "quote": "§ 2250", "context": "ating the Jacob Wetterling Act, 42 U.S.C. § 14072®. Id. at 848. The Government argued that applying § 2250 to the defendant did not violate the ex post facto doctrine for three reasons. Id. at 851-52. First", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21b9cdacc475f1bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 16652, "end": 16665, "quote": "Id. at 851-52", "context": "that applying § 2250 to the defendant did not violate the ex post facto doctrine for three reasons. Id. at 851-52. First, the Government cited the Supreme Court’s Smith decision for the position that the registrat", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d15081af44d9eafa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 17185, "end": 17188, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ense. Third, the Government contended that failing to register under SORNA is a continuing offense. Id.\nIn discussing the second and third arguments, the court found cases involving felon-in-possession, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "26102fee25f320fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 17491, "end": 17501, "quote": "Id. at 852", "context": "e they do “not address the central issue here — an increase in punishment for an existing offense.” Id. at 852. Next, the court rejected the Government’s argument that a failure to register is a continuing offe", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b8529e087186663b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 17744, "end": 17747, "quote": "Id.", "context": " “occurs on the 11th day after the defendant travels in interstate commerce” and fails to register. Id. Lastly, the court discussed the Supreme Court’s decision in Smith. The court recognized that the Sm", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a13146b4b31a9f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18016, "end": 18023, "quote": "the Act", "context": "at arises under SORNA when a defendant traveled in interstate commerce before the effective date of the Act. Id. at 853. The court held that the Government’s attempt to prosecute the defendant under § 2250 w", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0ef156cae87c5e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18025, "end": 18035, "quote": "Id. at 853", "context": " under SORNA when a defendant traveled in interstate commerce before the effective date of the Act. Id. at 853. The court held that the Government’s attempt to prosecute the defendant under § 2250 when his trav", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6c8050077028e4f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18115, "end": 18121, "quote": "§ 2250", "context": " the Act. Id. at 853. The court held that the Government’s attempt to prosecute the defendant under § 2250 when his travel occurred prior to SOR-NA’s enactment violates the ex post facto doctrine because it", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b358c403c85fa59f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18283, "end": 18290, "quote": "the Act", "context": " the ex post facto doctrine because it resulted in an enhanced punishment for conduct that predates the Act. Id. at 854. In addition, the court concluded that the defendant did not even commit a crime under ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4f60c603f041628", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18292, "end": 18302, "quote": "Id. at 854", "context": "ost facto doctrine because it resulted in an enhanced punishment for conduct that predates the Act. Id. at 854. In addition, the court concluded that the defendant did not even commit a crime under § 2250 becau", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4eee8092c18c7dde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18390, "end": 18396, "quote": "§ 2250", "context": ". Id. at 854. In addition, the court concluded that the defendant did not even commit a crime under § 2250 because he traveled in interstate commerce before SORNA was enacted and Congress used the word “tra", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "393fd3c3c9ed628d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18530, "end": 18537, "quote": "the Act", "context": " commerce before SORNA was enacted and Congress used the word “travels” as opposed to “traveled” in the Act. Id. Therefore, the court dismissed the count charging the defendant with violating § 2250. Id.; se", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7496d89c35a8ae8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18539, "end": 18542, "quote": "Id.", "context": " before SORNA was enacted and Congress used the word “travels” as opposed to “traveled” in the Act. Id. Therefore, the court dismissed the count charging the defendant with violating § 2250. Id.; see als", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b952cb47e03034b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18622, "end": 18629, "quote": "§ 2250.", "context": "led” in the Act. Id. Therefore, the court dismissed the count charging the defendant with violating § 2250. Id.; see also United States v. Heriot, No. 3:07-323, 2007 WL 2199516 (D.S.C. July 27, 2007) (dismis", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a7af14be18706ea6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18630, "end": 18633, "quote": "Id.", "context": "the Act. Id. Therefore, the court dismissed the count charging the defendant with violating § 2250. Id.; see also United States v. Heriot, No. 3:07-323, 2007 WL 2199516 (D.S.C. July 27, 2007) (dismissing", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d564558cc2ff200", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 18683, "end": 18698, "quote": "2007 WL 2199516", "context": " charging the defendant with violating § 2250. Id.; see also United States v. Heriot, No. 3:07-323, 2007 WL 2199516 (D.S.C. July 27, 2007) (dismissing indictment alleging violation of SORNA when the defendant travel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 2199516", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c186dadb7a7d4b60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 19365, "end": 19380, "quote": "2007 WL 2159462", "context": " superceding indictment occurred in February of 2007. In United States v. Muzio, No. 4:07CR179 CDP, 2007 WL 2159462 (E.D.Mo. July 26, 2007), the court described travel that occurred after SOR-NA’s enactment but prio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 2159462", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b735c9787741a55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 19550, "end": 19565, "quote": "2007 WL 2159462", "context": "er SOR-NA’s enactment but prior to the Attorney General’s Interim Rule as falling within the “gap.” 2007 WL 2159462, at *3. As here, the defendant in Muzio was convicted of a predicate sex offense prior to SORNA’s e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 2159462", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88ead25218d7b49b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 19786, "end": 19795, "quote": "Id. at *2", "context": "eled in interstate commerce between the date of SORNA’s enactment and the date of the Interim Rule. Id. at *2. Upon finding that SORNA did not apply to the defendant before the Interim Rule was issued, the cou", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5e2be5f752d8003", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 20115, "end": 20124, "quote": "Id. at *5", "context": "to ... [the defendant], because those things were not crimes covered by this act when he did them.” Id. at *5. In the words of the court, this “gap” situation presented “a classic Ex Post Facto Clause violatio", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18538a7c79d4efbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 20728, "end": 20735, "quote": "the Act", "context": "acto Clause as it imposes an enhanced penalty that did not exist at the time the defendant violated the Act.\nThe Government further argues, however, that the defendant’s failure to register is a continuing v", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f29980257563868f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 21017, "end": 21034, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "context": "nt. The Court disagrees. As indicated by the defendant, there is nothing in the express language of 42 U.S.C. § 16913(b) or (c) that imposes a continuing duty to register or update a registration should the offender f", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e4ac2c76e583efb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 21027, "end": 21037, "quote": "§ 16913(b)", "context": "urt disagrees. As indicated by the defendant, there is nothing in the express language of 42 U.S.C. § 16913(b) or (c) that imposes a continuing duty to register or update a registration should the offender fail", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "687d72fec6f0d46d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 21433, "end": 21439, "quote": "§ 2250", "context": "nse for ex post facto purposes. As the courts in both Sallee and Bobby Smith stated, a violation of § 2250 is not a continuing offense but, rather, is complete when the defendant travels in interstate comme", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8cbc185f0093879", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 21658, "end": 21678, "quote": "481 F.Supp.2d at 852", "context": "to register within the prescribed time period. Sallee, No. CR-07-152-L, at *7 (quoting Bobby Smith, 481 F.Supp.2d at 852); see also Toussie v. United States, 397 U.S. 112, 119, 90 S.Ct. 858, 25 L.Ed.2d 156 (1970) (findin", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "481 F. Supp. 2d 846", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_481/0846_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f3357eeaf5b0d3a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 21716, "end": 21728, "quote": "397 U.S. 112", "context": " CR-07-152-L, at *7 (quoting Bobby Smith, 481 F.Supp.2d at 852); see also Toussie v. United States, 397 U.S. 112, 119, 90 S.Ct. 858, 25 L.Ed.2d 156 (1970) (finding a continuing duty to register for the draft did ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "397 U.S. 112", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d3f68cdcb41b8264", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 21735, "end": 21747, "quote": "90 S.Ct. 858", "context": " (quoting Bobby Smith, 481 F.Supp.2d at 852); see also Toussie v. United States, 397 U.S. 112, 119, 90 S.Ct. 858, 25 L.Ed.2d 156 (1970) (finding a continuing duty to register for the draft did not turn a failure ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 S. Ct. 858", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e9c958d80d179f80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 21749, "end": 21763, "quote": "25 L.Ed.2d 156", "context": "y Smith, 481 F.Supp.2d at 852); see also Toussie v. United States, 397 U.S. 112, 119, 90 S.Ct. 858, 25 L.Ed.2d 156 (1970) (finding a continuing duty to register for the draft did not turn a failure to register into", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 L. Ed. 2d 156", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d3f46d190633f633", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 23241, "end": 23246, "quote": "§ 129", "context": "three years after July 27, 2006, which is the effective date of SORNA. Pub.L. Nos. 109-248, Title I § 129, 120 Stat. 600 (2006).\n. Section 2250(a) provides, in full:\n(a) In general.&emdash;Whoever&emdash;\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7aa46bfc0b998969", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 23248, "end": 23261, "quote": "120 Stat. 600", "context": "ears after July 27, 2006, which is the effective date of SORNA. Pub.L. Nos. 109-248, Title I § 129, 120 Stat. 600 (2006).\n. Section 2250(a) provides, in full:\n(a) In general.&emdash;Whoever&emdash;\n(1) is required", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "120 Stat. 600", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fa4c151e294579d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 23272, "end": 23287, "quote": "Section 2250(a)", "context": ", which is the effective date of SORNA. Pub.L. Nos. 109-248, Title I § 129, 120 Stat. 600 (2006).\n. Section 2250(a) provides, in full:\n(a) In general.&emdash;Whoever&emdash;\n(1) is required to register under the Sex", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a9629ec67791f7b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 24062, "end": 24078, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 2250", "context": "nd Notification Act;\nshall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.\n18 U.S.C. § 2250(a).\n. Section 16917(a) states:\n(a) In general\nAn appropriate official shall, shortly before release", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 2250", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2fd50150bcaac399", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 24072, "end": 24081, "quote": "§ 2250(a)", "context": "ation Act;\nshall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.\n18 U.S.C. § 2250(a).\n. Section 16917(a) states:\n(a) In general\nAn appropriate official shall, shortly before release of", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c0ca971a4247cd4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 24085, "end": 24101, "quote": "Section 16917(a)", "context": "all be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.\n18 U.S.C. § 2250(a).\n. Section 16917(a) states:\n(a) In general\nAn appropriate official shall, shortly before release of the sex offender fr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91ce7b3780e5870e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 24692, "end": 24709, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 16917", "context": "ender understands the registration requirement; and\n(3) ensure that the sex offender is registered.\n42 U.S.C. § 16917(a).\n. 42 U.S.C. § 14072(g)(3) and (i):\n(g) Notification of FBI of changes in residence\n(3) Individu", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 16917", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8586612a79be3a0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 24702, "end": 24712, "quote": "§ 16917(a)", "context": "rstands the registration requirement; and\n(3) ensure that the sex offender is registered.\n42 U.S.C. § 16917(a).\n. 42 U.S.C. § 14072(g)(3) and (i):\n(g) Notification of FBI of changes in residence\n(3) Individual ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f4a4a0b4bc9d31f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 24716, "end": 24733, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "context": "gistration requirement; and\n(3) ensure that the sex offender is registered.\n42 U.S.C. § 16917(a).\n. 42 U.S.C. § 14072(g)(3) and (i):\n(g) Notification of FBI of changes in residence\n(3) Individual registration requirem", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "563314a0a51a767a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 24726, "end": 24739, "quote": "§ 14072(g)(3)", "context": " requirement; and\n(3) ensure that the sex offender is registered.\n42 U.S.C. § 16917(a).\n. 42 U.S.C. § 14072(g)(3) and (i):\n(g) Notification of FBI of changes in residence\n(3) Individual registration requirement A ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4f26bdedc5fc3f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 24997, "end": 25010, "quote": "section 14071", "context": "ection or under a State sexual offender registration program, including a program established under section 14071 of this title, who changes address to a State other than the State in which the person resided at t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9266c09baf04344", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 25862, "end": 25880, "quote": "section 4042(c)(4)", "context": "her State in which the person is employed, carries on a vocation, or is a student;\n(3) described in section 4042(c)(4) of title 18, and knowingly fails to register in any State in which the person resides, is employed,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "915c3f34cd8a678b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 26184, "end": 26204, "quote": "section 115(a)(8)(C)", "context": " sentenced by a court martial for conduct in a category specified by the Secretary of Defense under section 115(a)(8)(C) of title I of Public Law 105-119, and knowingly fails to register in any State in which the person ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e98d831134d55a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 26219, "end": 26238, "quote": "Public Law 105-119,", "context": "onduct in a category specified by the Secretary of Defense under section 115(a)(8)(C) of title I of Public Law 105-119, and knowingly fails to register in any State in which the person resides, is employed, carries on a", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Pub. L. 105-119,", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a458e07291da9dee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 26639, "end": 26656, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "context": " of a second or subsequent offense under this subsection, be imprisoned for not more than 10 years.\n42 U.S.C. § 14072(g)(3) and (i).\n. The court also found the Government’s argument ignored the fact that “Congress use", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a6295b2a9c212079", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 26649, "end": 26662, "quote": "§ 14072(g)(3)", "context": "nd or subsequent offense under this subsection, be imprisoned for not more than 10 years.\n42 U.S.C. § 14072(g)(3) and (i).\n. The court also found the Government’s argument ignored the fact that “Congress used the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b91abf5b71185e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 26864, "end": 26871, "quote": "§ 2250.", "context": "esent tense 'travels’, rather than the past-tense ‘traveled’ or past-participle ‘has traveled’ ” in § 2250. Id. at *5. In this case, the defendant makes a similar argument, however, the Court finds it unnece", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98f488cf97a20578", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 26872, "end": 26881, "quote": "Id. at *5", "context": "nse 'travels’, rather than the past-tense ‘traveled’ or past-participle ‘has traveled’ ” in § 2250. Id. at *5. In this case, the defendant makes a similar argument, however, the Court finds it unnecessary to a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a94f10b6b0884a5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 27113, "end": 27119, "quote": "§ 2250", "context": "rt agrees with the defendant’s ex post facto challenge.\n. The court also noted that Congress placed § 2250 under Title 18 of the Criminal Code, as opposed to 42 U.S.C. § 14072(f) which is in the Public Heal", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "642e605004d8ef9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 27171, "end": 27188, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "context": "The court also noted that Congress placed § 2250 under Title 18 of the Criminal Code, as opposed to 42 U.S.C. § 14072(f) which is in the Public Health and Welfare section of the Code. Id. at 853. The court said that t", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3792a7c9b66bc049", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 27181, "end": 27191, "quote": "§ 14072(f)", "context": "also noted that Congress placed § 2250 under Title 18 of the Criminal Code, as opposed to 42 U.S.C. § 14072(f) which is in the Public Health and Welfare section of the Code. Id. at 853. The court said that this", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c8cbc5ae0bdc193", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 27255, "end": 27265, "quote": "Id. at 853", "context": ", as opposed to 42 U.S.C. § 14072(f) which is in the Public Health and Welfare section of the Code. Id. at 853. The court said that this distinction evidenced \"Congress' intention to more severely punish a firs", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0dc343cd090fa5b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 27424, "end": 27427, "quote": "Id.", "context": " intention to more severely punish a first offender, a critical factor, in ex post facto analysis.” Id.\n. In the Bobby Smith case the defendant also was indicted prior to the Interim Rule. In United Stat", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2043e1752c62329e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 27569, "end": 27584, "quote": "2007 WL 1725329", "context": "lso was indicted prior to the Interim Rule. In United States v. Maivin L. Smith, No. 2:07-cr-00082, 2007 WL 1725329 (S.D.W.Va. June 13, 2007), and United States v. Kapp, 487 F.Supp.2d 536 (M.D.Pa.2007), the courts f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 1725329", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bb2fa26cacb6175", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 27639, "end": 27656, "quote": "487 F.Supp.2d 536", "context": " L. Smith, No. 2:07-cr-00082, 2007 WL 1725329 (S.D.W.Va. June 13, 2007), and United States v. Kapp, 487 F.Supp.2d 536 (M.D.Pa.2007), the courts found that SORNA did not apply to the defendants because the indictments ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "487 F. Supp. 2d 536", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_487/0536_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d327286947efdb62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 27794, "end": 27801, "quote": "the Act", "context": "SORNA did not apply to the defendants because the indictments charged the defendants with violating the Act before the Attorney General issued the Interim Rule. Therefore, as the court explained in Kapp, \"De", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c76d89a4d3fde915", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 28032, "end": 28040, "quote": "§ 113(d)", "context": "in the brief window during which SORNA’s scope remained undefined as to past offenders, and because § 113(d) required the Attorney General to animate SORNA's provisions to previously convicted offenders, SORN", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f7e2bda735087bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 28198, "end": 28218, "quote": "487 F.Supp.2d at 542", "context": "ns to previously convicted offenders, SORNA did not apply to Defendants at the time of indictment.” 487 F.Supp.2d at 542.\n. The Government in Muzio argued that SOR-NA applied to the defendant before the Interim Rule was ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "487 F. Supp. 2d 536", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_487/0536_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c77b51fc77a7d26e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 28354, "end": 28371, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "context": "hat SOR-NA applied to the defendant before the Interim Rule was promulgated because the language of 42 U.S.C. § 16913(d) only applied \"to prior sex offenders who were not able to initially register within the time lim", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d13e4a9ba5e8cabb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 28364, "end": 28374, "quote": "§ 16913(d)", "context": " applied to the defendant before the Interim Rule was promulgated because the language of 42 U.S.C. § 16913(d) only applied \"to prior sex offenders who were not able to initially register within the time limits", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4e3154eb4f9a80e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 28498, "end": 28507, "quote": "Id. at *3", "context": "sex offenders who were not able to initially register within the time limits specified by the act.” Id. at *3 (emphasis original). Although the title of subsection (d) indeed provides for \"(d) Initial registra", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "007bf09af0984a09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 28867, "end": 28878, "quote": "Id. at *3-4", "context": "n is negated by the plain language of the statute and the ordinary rules of statutory construction. Id. at *3-4. The court found in reading the text of the statute it clearly extends beyond the scope of the titl", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ea7640a43533346", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 28981, "end": 28990, "quote": "Id. at *4", "context": "he court found in reading the text of the statute it clearly extends beyond the scope of the title. Id. at *4; accord United States v. Kapp, 487 F.Supp.2d at 542 (holding \"a careful reading of § 113(d) reveals", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2e452e488f97fc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 29022, "end": 29042, "quote": "487 F.Supp.2d at 542", "context": " statute it clearly extends beyond the scope of the title. Id. at *4; accord United States v. Kapp, 487 F.Supp.2d at 542 (holding \"a careful reading of § 113(d) reveals that its reach extends beyond establishing the mean", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "487 F. Supp. 2d 536", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_487/0536_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "33c5d01bbec27618", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 29074, "end": 29082, "quote": "§ 113(d)", "context": "title. Id. at *4; accord United States v. Kapp, 487 F.Supp.2d at 542 (holding \"a careful reading of § 113(d) reveals that its reach extends beyond establishing the means by which unregistered sex offenders mu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87f0b8f91b5008bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 29220, "end": 29235, "quote": "2007 WL 1725329", "context": " establishing the means by which unregistered sex offenders must first register”); Marvin L. Smith, 2007 WL 1725329, at *2-3 (citing Kapp for the position that ”[p]ursuant to § 113(d) the Attorney General could have", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 1725329", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d810008b227c4f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 29295, "end": 29303, "quote": "§ 113(d)", "context": "ster”); Marvin L. Smith, 2007 WL 1725329, at *2-3 (citing Kapp for the position that ”[p]ursuant to § 113(d) the Attorney General could have, at any time after July 27, 2006, determined that SORNA applied to ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e38d14be0c01166c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 29860, "end": 29877, "quote": "510 F.Supp.2d 923", "context": "the Department of Justice.”).\n. The Muzio court noted its disagreement with United States v. Mason, 510 F.Supp.2d 923, No. 6:07-cr-52-Orl-19JGG, 2007 WL 1521515 (M.D.Fla. May 22, 2007), and United States v. Hinen, 487", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "510 F. Supp. 2d 923", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_510/0923_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8df9d6b4919d7a2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 29905, "end": 29920, "quote": "2007 WL 1521515", "context": "rt noted its disagreement with United States v. Mason, 510 F.Supp.2d 923, No. 6:07-cr-52-Orl-19JGG, 2007 WL 1521515 (M.D.Fla. May 22, 2007), and United States v. Hinen, 487 F. Supp.2d 747 (W.D.Va.2007). See also Uni", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 1521515", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70b296e634703b8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 29974, "end": 29992, "quote": "487 F. Supp.2d 747", "context": "923, No. 6:07-cr-52-Orl-19JGG, 2007 WL 1521515 (M.D.Fla. May 22, 2007), and United States v. Hinen, 487 F. Supp.2d 747 (W.D.Va.2007). See also United States v. Gonzales, No. 5:07cr27-RS, 2007 WL 2298004, at *10 (N.D.Fl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "487 F. Supp. 2d 747", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_487/0747_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bfca403166d7cbd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 30061, "end": 30076, "quote": "2007 WL 2298004", "context": "es v. Hinen, 487 F. Supp.2d 747 (W.D.Va.2007). See also United States v. Gonzales, No. 5:07cr27-RS, 2007 WL 2298004, at *10 (N.D.Fla. Aug.9, 2007) (finding no ex post facto violation when travel occurred after SORNA", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 2298004", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e2d52d11cb0ad0d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 30294, "end": 30309, "quote": "2007 WL 2298004", "context": "rior to the Attorney General’s Interim Rule).\n. But see United States v. Gonzales, No. 5:07cr27-RS, 2007 WL 2298004 (N.D.Fla. Aug.9, 2007) (finding no ex post facto violation when travel occurred after SORNA’s enact", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 2298004", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88795c3911469fbf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 31122, "end": 31138, "quote": "Section 16913(b)", "context": "fore, the Court finds his alleged travel in March of 2007 is irrelevant to the present situation.\n. Section 16913(b) and (c) provide:\n(b) Initial registration\nThe sex offender shall initially register—\n(1) before com", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55284e91bc6760c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 31998, "end": 32015, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "context": " provide that information to all other jurisdictions in which the offender is required to register.\n42 U.S.C. § 16913(b) and (c); compare 50 U.S.C. § 856 (stating explicitly with respect to information about espionage", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "3b3f0f02a35198bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 32008, "end": 32018, "quote": "§ 16913(b)", "context": "hat information to all other jurisdictions in which the offender is required to register.\n42 U.S.C. § 16913(b) and (c); compare 50 U.S.C. § 856 (stating explicitly with respect to information about espionage or", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e25c519df66201f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 32036, "end": 32051, "quote": "50 U.S.C. § 856", "context": " jurisdictions in which the offender is required to register.\n42 U.S.C. § 16913(b) and (c); compare 50 U.S.C. § 856 (stating explicitly with respect to information about espionage or sabotage that a “[fQailure to fi", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "50 U.S.C. § 856", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbc25918bcf53058", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 32349, "end": 32366, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 16916", "context": "hstanding any statute of limitation or other statute to the contrary”).\n. For instance, pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 16916 a sex offender is required to make periodic updates.\n. This fact makes it distinguishable from Unit", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 16916", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e606062a6b5fc68b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 32487, "end": 32499, "quote": "210 F.3d 230", "context": "quired to make periodic updates.\n. This fact makes it distinguishable from United States v. Wilson, 210 F.3d 230 (4th Cir.2000), cited by the Government, in which there was an on-going and accruing child support ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "210 F.3d 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_210/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f3665b7eea2eea5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 32798, "end": 32821, "quote": "481 F.Supp.2d at 851-52", "context": "travels interstate commerce from one jurisdiction to another, and fails to register after 10 days.” 481 F.Supp.2d at 851-52. In that case, the defendant was required by New York to notify authorities within ten days of esta", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "481 F. Supp. 2d 846", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_481/0846_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "43c1f5c11b1f9b35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 32960, "end": 32977, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "context": "red by New York to notify authorities within ten days of establishing a new residence. In addition, 42 U.S.C. § 14072(g)(3) requires registration within ten days within moving to another State. As stated in note 13, s", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 14072", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba4de49ab24a4d39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 32970, "end": 32983, "quote": "§ 14072(g)(3)", "context": " York to notify authorities within ten days of establishing a new residence. In addition, 42 U.S.C. § 14072(g)(3) requires registration within ten days within moving to another State. As stated in note 13, supra, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49587aec4d0f2e03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 33076, "end": 33082, "quote": "supra,", "context": "2(g)(3) requires registration within ten days within moving to another State. As stated in note 13, supra, the time frame under 42 U.S.C. § 16913(b) and (c) is three days. Irrespective of what time frame ap", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c579265a9b4dc98d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 33104, "end": 33121, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "context": "n within ten days within moving to another State. As stated in note 13, supra, the time frame under 42 U.S.C. § 16913(b) and (c) is three days. Irrespective of what time frame applies, the point remains that the offen", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 16913", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "bbf578a1a59dd8de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 33114, "end": 33124, "quote": "§ 16913(b)", "context": "en days within moving to another State. As stated in note 13, supra, the time frame under 42 U.S.C. § 16913(b) and (c) is three days. Irrespective of what time frame applies, the point remains that the offense ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_16913/title42_sec16913_895bf396b0fb/16913_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "24edfb8e7d796c49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 33319, "end": 33332, "quote": "733 F.2d 1287", "context": "ense is not a continuing violation.\n. Modified by statute as recognized in United States v. Eklund, 733 F.2d 1287, 1296 (8th Cir.1984).\n. In Toussie, the Supreme Court explained:\nThere is also nothing inherent in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "733 F.2d 1287", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_733/1287_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e31131222bec7e49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 34851, "end": 34861, "quote": "Id. at 122", "context": "hat is clear and definite. We should not derive criminal outlawry from some ambiguous implication.”\nId. at 122, 90 S.Ct. 858 (quoting United States v. Universal C.I.T. Credit Corp., 344 U.S. 218, 221-222, 73 S.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4ca2ecfeb46bdc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 34863, "end": 34875, "quote": "90 S.Ct. 858", "context": " and definite. We should not derive criminal outlawry from some ambiguous implication.”\nId. at 122, 90 S.Ct. 858 (quoting United States v. Universal C.I.T. Credit Corp., 344 U.S. 218, 221-222, 73 S.Ct. 227, 97 L.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 S. Ct. 858", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ab7b833c75f293d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 34933, "end": 34945, "quote": "344 U.S. 218", "context": "ous implication.”\nId. at 122, 90 S.Ct. 858 (quoting United States v. Universal C.I.T. Credit Corp., 344 U.S. 218, 221-222, 73 S.Ct. 227, 97 L.Ed. 260 (1952)) (other internal citations omitted).\n.In support of its", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "344 U.S. 218", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "484e04555c0179a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 34956, "end": 34968, "quote": "73 S.Ct. 227", "context": "t 122, 90 S.Ct. 858 (quoting United States v. Universal C.I.T. Credit Corp., 344 U.S. 218, 221-222, 73 S.Ct. 227, 97 L.Ed. 260 (1952)) (other internal citations omitted).\n.In support of its position that it is a ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 S. Ct. 227", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ea2d5147188e3d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 34970, "end": 34982, "quote": "97 L.Ed. 260", "context": ". 858 (quoting United States v. Universal C.I.T. Credit Corp., 344 U.S. 218, 221-222, 73 S.Ct. 227, 97 L.Ed. 260 (1952)) (other internal citations omitted).\n.In support of its position that it is a continuing off", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 L. Ed. 260", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c2454bf521fea84f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 35308, "end": 35325, "quote": "487 F.Supp.2d 747", "context": "nion, but is unpersuaded by its decision. In addition, the Government cites United States v. Hinen, 487 F.Supp.2d 747 (W.D.Va.2007), but the discussion in that case involved a continuing offense for purposes of venue ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "487 F. Supp. 2d 747", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_487/0747_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b6fb4882176a20c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 35549, "end": 35564, "quote": "2007 WL 2155750", "context": "n terms of the ex post facto issue raised here. Contra United States v. Roberts, No. 6:07-CR-70031, 2007 WL 2155750 (W.D.Va. July 27, 2007) (holding there is no continuing offense under § 2250 in' discussing venue).", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 2155750", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "acd24ebe78af5af4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_507/0560_01/index.html", "start": 35635, "end": 35641, "quote": "§ 2250", "context": ":07-CR-70031, 2007 WL 2155750 (W.D.Va. July 27, 2007) (holding there is no continuing offense under § 2250 in' discussing venue). Therefore, the Court finds that case distinguishable.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "637850583258ef69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 161, "end": 175, "quote": "Section 205(g)", "context": " District Judge.\nOn December 8, 2005, plaintiff, Israel Lopez Vargas, filed a complaint pursuant to Section 205(g) of the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. 405(g) requesting the Court to review the final decision of t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bab00db428afdf66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 916, "end": 930, "quote": "Section 205(g)", "context": "tive Law Judge’s decision. Therefore, Plaintiffs claims are hereby DISMISSED.\nI. STANDARD OF REVIEW\nSection 205(g) of the Social Security Act, supra, provides inter alia, that “[t]he court shall have the power to e", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2a3629d480563a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 959, "end": 965, "quote": "supra,", "context": "tiffs claims are hereby DISMISSED.\nI. STANDARD OF REVIEW\nSection 205(g) of the Social Security Act, supra, provides inter alia, that “[t]he court shall have the power to enter, upon the pleadings and transc", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a703292dc3ef54a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 1613, "end": 1623, "quote": "76 F.3d 15", "context": " a faulty legal thesis or factual error. See Manso-Pizarro v. Secretary of Health and Human Servs., 76 F.3d 15, 16 (1st Cir.1996) (citing Sullivan v. Hudson, 490 U.S. 877, 885, 109 S.Ct. 2248, 104 L.Ed.2d 941 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 F.3d 15", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_76/0015_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d4731fe56bd467ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 1671, "end": 1683, "quote": "490 U.S. 877", "context": " v. Secretary of Health and Human Servs., 76 F.3d 15, 16 (1st Cir.1996) (citing Sullivan v. Hudson, 490 U.S. 877, 885, 109 S.Ct. 2248, 104 L.Ed.2d 941 (1989)). The Commissioner’s factual findings are conclusive i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "490 U.S. 877", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c99e8d517a77a18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 1690, "end": 1704, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 2248", "context": "alth and Human Servs., 76 F.3d 15, 16 (1st Cir.1996) (citing Sullivan v. Hudson, 490 U.S. 877, 885, 109 S.Ct. 2248, 104 L.Ed.2d 941 (1989)). The Commissioner’s factual findings are conclusive if based on substantia", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 2248", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5c7076355b1242e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 1706, "end": 1721, "quote": "104 L.Ed.2d 941", "context": "ervs., 76 F.3d 15, 16 (1st Cir.1996) (citing Sullivan v. Hudson, 490 U.S. 877, 885, 109 S.Ct. 2248, 104 L.Ed.2d 941 (1989)). The Commissioner’s factual findings are conclusive if based on substantial evidence in the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 L. Ed. 2d 941", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "736aa620854e0648", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 1834, "end": 1855, "quote": "42 U.S.C.A. §§ 405(g)", "context": " Commissioner’s factual findings are conclusive if based on substantial evidence in the record. See 42 U.S.C.A. §§ 405(g), § 1383(c)(3); see also Nguyen v. Chater, 172 F.3d 31, 35 (1st Cir.1999)(The Commissioner’s finding", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e699805f0a59562a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 1857, "end": 1869, "quote": "§ 1383(c)(3)", "context": " findings are conclusive if based on substantial evidence in the record. See 42 U.S.C.A. §§ 405(g), § 1383(c)(3); see also Nguyen v. Chater, 172 F.3d 31, 35 (1st Cir.1999)(The Commissioner’s findings are not conc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ad7d40c96cf0c04", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 1898, "end": 1909, "quote": "172 F.3d 31", "context": "tantial evidence in the record. See 42 U.S.C.A. §§ 405(g), § 1383(c)(3); see also Nguyen v. Chater, 172 F.3d 31, 35 (1st Cir.1999)(The Commissioner’s findings are not conclusive “when derived by ignoring evidenc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "172 F.3d 31", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_172/0031_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eef37511493fb8b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 2220, "end": 2232, "quote": "402 U.S. 389", "context": "ence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401, 91 S.Ct. 1420, 28 L.Ed.2d 842 (1971) (quotation omitted). However, in reaching the disability", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "402 U.S. 389", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3530c60fa57bca60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 2239, "end": 2252, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 1420", "context": "e mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401, 91 S.Ct. 1420, 28 L.Ed.2d 842 (1971) (quotation omitted). However, in reaching the disability determination, “[i]", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 1420", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60655777144541e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 2254, "end": 2268, "quote": "28 L.Ed.2d 842", "context": "cept as adequate to support a conclusion.” Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401, 91 S.Ct. 1420, 28 L.Ed.2d 842 (1971) (quotation omitted). However, in reaching the disability determination, “[i]t is the respons", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 L. Ed. 2d 842", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb70d6ab5a8bf695", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 2533, "end": 2545, "quote": "955 F.2d 765", "context": "aw inferences from the record evidence.” See Irlanda Ortiz v. Secretary of Health and Human Servs., 955 F.2d 765, 769 (1st Cir.1991) (emphasis ours); see also Richardson, 402 U.S. at 399, 91 S.Ct. 1420. The resol", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "955 F.2d 765", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/0765_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa601e11dd1de83d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 2604, "end": 2619, "quote": "402 U.S. at 399", "context": " of Health and Human Servs., 955 F.2d 765, 769 (1st Cir.1991) (emphasis ours); see also Richardson, 402 U.S. at 399, 91 S.Ct. 1420. The resolution of conflicts in the evidence and the determination of the ultimate q", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "402 U.S. 389", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77522681f49dbe3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 2621, "end": 2634, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 1420", "context": "man Servs., 955 F.2d 765, 769 (1st Cir.1991) (emphasis ours); see also Richardson, 402 U.S. at 399, 91 S.Ct. 1420. The resolution of conflicts in the evidence and the determination of the ultimate question of disa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 1420", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4acdb7f6b3cde3ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 2822, "end": 2837, "quote": "402 U.S. at 399", "context": "tion of disability is for the ALJ, not for the doctors or for the reviewing Courts. See Richardson, 402 U.S. at 399, 91 S.Ct. 1420 (When the Courts are presented with “the not uncommon situation of conflicting medic", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "402 U.S. 389", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3306500c864e8291", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 2839, "end": 2852, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 1420", "context": "y is for the ALJ, not for the doctors or for the reviewing Courts. See Richardson, 402 U.S. at 399, 91 S.Ct. 1420 (When the Courts are presented with “the not uncommon situation of conflicting medical evidence....", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 1420", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74322ace8521b569", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 3088, "end": 3100, "quote": "647 F.2d 218", "context": "[s] ... to solve ... ”.) (emphasis ours); see also Rodriguez v. Secretary of Health & Human Servs., 647 F.2d 218, 222 (1st Cir.1981) (Although the Court found that the “other medical evidence in the record confli", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "647 F.2d 218", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_647/0218_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c9396a092fdcbaa6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 3610, "end": 3622, "quote": "654 F.2d 127", "context": "y substantial evidence.”) (emphasis ours) citing Lizotte v. Secretary of Health and Human Services, 654 F.2d 127, 128 (1st Cir.1981); Alvarado v. Weinberger, 511 F.2d 1046, 1049 (1st Cir.1975) (per curiam).\nThere", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "654 F.2d 127", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_654/0127_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f8f9fec649a215c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 3668, "end": 3681, "quote": "511 F.2d 1046", "context": ". Secretary of Health and Human Services, 654 F.2d 127, 128 (1st Cir.1981); Alvarado v. Weinberger, 511 F.2d 1046, 1049 (1st Cir.1975) (per curiam).\nTherefore, the standard of review of the Commissioner’s decision", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "511 F.2d 1046", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_511/1046_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "02cd22be3282ced6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 3854, "end": 3870, "quote": "42 U.S.C. §§ 405", "context": "the Commissioner’s decision is whether the determination made is supported by substantial evidence. 42 U.S.C. §§ 405(g), 1383(c)(3); Manso-Pizarro, 76 F.3d at 16. Expressed in an alternate manner, the Commissioner’s ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. §§ 405", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_405/title42_sec405_20a7ca302f61/405_evidence_procedure_and_certification_for_payments_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "0346f99bc69203aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 3864, "end": 3873, "quote": "§§ 405(g)", "context": "sioner’s decision is whether the determination made is supported by substantial evidence. 42 U.S.C. §§ 405(g), 1383(c)(3); Manso-Pizarro, 76 F.3d at 16. Expressed in an alternate manner, the Commissioner’s dec", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_405/title42_sec405_20a7ca302f61/405_evidence_procedure_and_certification_for_payments_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "fc39909ca5ddff39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 3902, "end": 3915, "quote": "76 F.3d at 16", "context": "mination made is supported by substantial evidence. 42 U.S.C. §§ 405(g), 1383(c)(3); Manso-Pizarro, 76 F.3d at 16. Expressed in an alternate manner, the Commissioner’s decision must be supported by such relevant e", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "76 F.3d 15", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_76/0015_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "810b9f1526a9ecf5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 4114, "end": 4127, "quote": "supra, at 401", "context": "evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support the conclusion drawn. Richardson, supra, at 401, 91 S.Ct. 1420; Rodriguez, 647 F.2d at 222.\nII. ANALYSIS\nMr. Lopez Vargas was born on June 6, 1956.", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c06c29860ac0564", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 4129, "end": 4142, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 1420", "context": "easonable mind might accept as adequate to support the conclusion drawn. Richardson, supra, at 401, 91 S.Ct. 1420; Rodriguez, 647 F.2d at 222.\nII. ANALYSIS\nMr. Lopez Vargas was born on June 6, 1956. He has a secon", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 1420", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbff6231e53a325b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 4155, "end": 4170, "quote": "647 F.2d at 222", "context": "t as adequate to support the conclusion drawn. Richardson, supra, at 401, 91 S.Ct. 1420; Rodriguez, 647 F.2d at 222.\nII. ANALYSIS\nMr. Lopez Vargas was born on June 6, 1956. He has a second grade elementary education", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "647 F.2d 218", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_647/0218_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "13ae193f0bb00b49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 7151, "end": 7158, "quote": "the Act", "context": "Plaintiff to be entitled to benefits, he has to prove that he became disabled within the meaning of the Act. See Social Security Act, §§ 216(i)(l), 223(d)(1), as amended, 42 U.S.C.A. §§ 416(i)(l), 423(d)(1);", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ea63d1596d8ecf9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 7185, "end": 7197, "quote": "§§ 216(i)(l)", "context": "ts, he has to prove that he became disabled within the meaning of the Act. See Social Security Act, §§ 216(i)(l), 223(d)(1), as amended, 42 U.S.C.A. §§ 416(i)(l), 423(d)(1); see also Deblois v. Secretary of HHS, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72de95018684b614", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 7222, "end": 7246, "quote": "42 U.S.C.A. §§ 416(i)(l)", "context": "sabled within the meaning of the Act. See Social Security Act, §§ 216(i)(l), 223(d)(1), as amended, 42 U.S.C.A. §§ 416(i)(l), 423(d)(1); see also Deblois v. Secretary of HHS, 686 F.2d 76, 79 (1st Cir.1982). If Plaintiff show", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e58c7f049ac2e83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 7297, "end": 7308, "quote": "686 F.2d 76", "context": ", 223(d)(1), as amended, 42 U.S.C.A. §§ 416(i)(l), 423(d)(1); see also Deblois v. Secretary of HHS, 686 F.2d 76, 79 (1st Cir.1982). If Plaintiff shows that he is unable to perform any substantial gainful work be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "686 F.2d 76", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_686/0076_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5552343d836c80ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 7578, "end": 7585, "quote": "the Act", "context": "d of at least 12 months, then and only then will he be considered as disabled within the meaning of the Act. 42 U.S.C.A. §§ 416(i)(l), 423(d)(1); see also See Guasp Goden v. Commissioner of Social Security, ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ecb06ceb47877445", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 7587, "end": 7611, "quote": "42 U.S.C.A. §§ 416(i)(l)", "context": "east 12 months, then and only then will he be considered as disabled within the meaning of the Act. 42 U.S.C.A. §§ 416(i)(l), 423(d)(1); see also See Guasp Goden v. Commissioner of Social Security, 385 F.Supp.2d 154, 156 (20", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "376f5584bb435a1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 7685, "end": 7702, "quote": "385 F.Supp.2d 154", "context": ". 42 U.S.C.A. §§ 416(i)(l), 423(d)(1); see also See Guasp Goden v. Commissioner of Social Security, 385 F.Supp.2d 154, 156 (2005). Furthermore, Plaintiffs impairments must be so severe that they prevent him not only f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "385 F. Supp. 2d 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_385/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1500f3e21934b286", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 7966, "end": 7986, "quote": "385 F.Supp.2d at 156", "context": "ntial gainful work considering his age, education, training, and work experience.” See Guasp Goden, 385 F.Supp.2d at 156; see also McDonald v. Secretary of Health and Human Services, 795 F.2d 1118, 1120 (1st Cir.1986) (“", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "385 F. Supp. 2d 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_385/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "41cbdc712547f160", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 8049, "end": 8062, "quote": "795 F.2d 1118", "context": "See Guasp Goden, 385 F.Supp.2d at 156; see also McDonald v. Secretary of Health and Human Services, 795 F.2d 1118, 1120 (1st Cir.1986) (“A person is to be considered disabled only if ‘his physical or mental impair", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "795 F.2d 1118", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_795/1118_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f7f8df5b3e3232d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 8425, "end": 8440, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 423", "context": " in any other kind of substantial gainful work which exists in the national economy....’”) (quoting 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(2)(A)). Therefore, since Plaintiffs impairments must preclude him from engaging in any substanti", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 423", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_423/title42_sec423_031a700c1b7b/423_disability_insurance_benefit_payments_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "25f49d4372ed2976", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 8435, "end": 8449, "quote": "§ 423(d)(2)(A)", "context": "her kind of substantial gainful work which exists in the national economy....’”) (quoting 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(2)(A)). Therefore, since Plaintiffs impairments must preclude him from engaging in any substantial gainfu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_423/title42_sec423_031a700c1b7b/423_disability_insurance_benefit_payments_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a06327b10a8a38c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 8698, "end": 8715, "quote": "385 F.Supp.2d at ", "context": "ll not be sufficient to be eligible for an award of disability insurance benefits. See Guasp Goden, 385 F.Supp.2d at 156 (citing McDonald, 795 F.2d at 1120).\nIn order to determine whether or not a claimant is disabled", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "385 F. Supp. 2d 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_385/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "79bccc5b33f25c53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 8737, "end": 8753, "quote": "795 F.2d at 1120", "context": " an award of disability insurance benefits. See Guasp Goden, 385 F.Supp.2d at 156 (citing McDonald, 795 F.2d at 1120).\nIn order to determine whether or not a claimant is disabled, one must consider all of the evidenc", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "795 F.2d 1118", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_795/1118_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0924e07335755621", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 8870, "end": 8893, "quote": "20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(a)", "context": "termine whether or not a claimant is disabled, one must consider all of the evidence in the record. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(a); see also Berrios-Velez v. Barnhart, 402 F.Supp.2d. 386, 390 (2005). Furthermore, a five-step evalu", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e908b24fad505a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 9097, "end": 9118, "quote": "20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520", "context": "n process is to be utilized when making a final determination as to whether a claimant is disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520 (“If we can find that you are disabled or not disabled at a step, we make our determination or deci", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "858bf299d6580f1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 9385, "end": 9397, "quote": "482 U.S. 137", "context": "ou are disabled or not disabled at a step, we go on to the next step.”); see also Bowen v. Yuckert, 482 U.S. 137, 140-42, 107 S.Ct. 2287, 96 L.Ed.2d 119 (1987); see also McDonald, 795 F.2d at 1120.\nThe five steps", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "482 U.S. 137", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6c25dcadbe90a503", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 9407, "end": 9421, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 2287", "context": " disabled at a step, we go on to the next step.”); see also Bowen v. Yuckert, 482 U.S. 137, 140-42, 107 S.Ct. 2287, 96 L.Ed.2d 119 (1987); see also McDonald, 795 F.2d at 1120.\nThe five steps followed by the Social ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 2287", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55ff5cadc137060f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 9423, "end": 9437, "quote": "96 L.Ed.2d 119", "context": "tep, we go on to the next step.”); see also Bowen v. Yuckert, 482 U.S. 137, 140-42, 107 S.Ct. 2287, 96 L.Ed.2d 119 (1987); see also McDonald, 795 F.2d at 1120.\nThe five steps followed by the Social Security Adminis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 L. Ed. 2d 119", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "238d20d0de01f9c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 9465, "end": 9481, "quote": "795 F.2d at 1120", "context": "o Bowen v. Yuckert, 482 U.S. 137, 140-42, 107 S.Ct. 2287, 96 L.Ed.2d 119 (1987); see also McDonald, 795 F.2d at 1120.\nThe five steps followed by the Social Security Administration are the following:\n(i)At the first s", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "795 F.2d 1118", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_795/1118_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e95d6b3aa6842013", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 9952, "end": 9962, "quote": "§ 404.1509", "context": "severe medically determinable physical or mental impairment that .meets the duration requirement in § 404.1509, or a combination of impairments that is severe and meets the duration requirement, we will find th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "674ff8bc468efc61", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 10660, "end": 10673, "quote": "§ 404.1560(b)", "context": " past relevant work, we will find that you are not disabled. (See paragraph (f) of this section and § 404.1560(b).)\n(v) At the fifth and last step, we consider our assessment of your residual functional capacity a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ad53f54a63a7af2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 11077, "end": 11090, "quote": "§ 404.1560(c)", "context": "djustment to other work, we will find that you are disabled. (See paragraph (g) of this section and § 404.1560(c).)\nSee 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(a)(4).\nIf the claimant proves that his impairment is so severe that it ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ebbfad1ef74e5337", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 11097, "end": 11118, "quote": "20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520", "context": "ork, we will find that you are disabled. (See paragraph (g) of this section and § 404.1560(c).)\nSee 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(a)(4).\nIf the claimant proves that his impairment is so severe that it precludes him from returning", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "58a894d032c8c258", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 11107, "end": 11124, "quote": "§§ 404.1520(a)(4)", "context": "ll find that you are disabled. (See paragraph (g) of this section and § 404.1560(c).)\nSee 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(a)(4).\nIf the claimant proves that his impairment is so severe that it precludes him from returning to hi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77b3ec31c6944f24", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 11416, "end": 11428, "quote": "890 F.2d 520", "context": "jobs in the economy that the claimant can perform. See Ortiz v. Sec’y of Health and Human Services, 890 F.2d 520, 524 (1st Cir.1989) (“In cases where a nonexertional impairment significantly affects claimant’s ab", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "890 F.2d 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_890/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00c1ab8b30ac537a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 13392, "end": 13407, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 405", "context": "base.\n“The findings of fact made by the ALJ ‘are conclusive when supported by substantial evidence, 42 U.S.C. § 405(g), but are not conclusive when derived by ignoring evidence, misapplying the law, or judging matte", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 405", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_405/title42_sec405_20a7ca302f61/405_evidence_procedure_and_certification_for_payments_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c3a2d220bf2660f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 13402, "end": 13410, "quote": "§ 405(g)", "context": " findings of fact made by the ALJ ‘are conclusive when supported by substantial evidence, 42 U.S.C. § 405(g), but are not conclusive when derived by ignoring evidence, misapplying the law, or judging matter e", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_405/title42_sec405_20a7ca302f61/405_evidence_procedure_and_certification_for_payments_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f80b52a55790f83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 13551, "end": 13568, "quote": "385 F.Supp.2d at ", "context": "ignoring evidence, misapplying the law, or judging matter entrusted to experts.’ ” See Guasp Goden, 385 F.Supp.2d at 156 quoting Nguyen, 172 F.3d at 35. Furthermore, “[t]he resolution of conflict in the evidence and t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "385 F. Supp. 2d 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_385/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "97b525fab72a1150", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 13588, "end": 13602, "quote": "172 F.3d at 35", "context": "w, or judging matter entrusted to experts.’ ” See Guasp Goden, 385 F.Supp.2d at 156 quoting Nguyen, 172 F.3d at 35. Furthermore, “[t]he resolution of conflict in the evidence and the ultimate determination of disab", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "172 F.3d 31", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_172/0031_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e35e5b7bbefd7cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 13759, "end": 13776, "quote": "385 F.Supp.2d at ", "context": "nce and the ultimate determination of disability are for the ALJ, not the Courts.” See Guasp Goden, 385 F.Supp.2d at 156 (citing Rodriguez, 647 F.2d at 222).\nAlthough the ALJ found that the medical evidence demonstrat", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "385 F. Supp. 2d 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_385/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "09872c9909789c46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 13799, "end": 13814, "quote": "647 F.2d at 222", "context": "sability are for the ALJ, not the Courts.” See Guasp Goden, 385 F.Supp.2d at 156 (citing Rodriguez, 647 F.2d at 222).\nAlthough the ALJ found that the medical evidence demonstrates that Plaintiff suffers from several", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "647 F.2d 218", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_647/0218_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2bc834bf46bb009c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 20742, "end": 20757, "quote": "955 F.2d at 769", "context": " of record, is not for the doctors or for the reviewing Courts, but for the ALJ. See Irlanda Ortiz, 955 F.2d at 769 (The Circuit Court found that although there was an “objective medical impairment-a ruptured disc a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "955 F.2d 765", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/0765_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "59d896471c696f43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 21072, "end": 21087, "quote": "654 F.2d at 128", "context": " that claimant’s complaints were not credible to the extent alleged.”); see also; see also Lizotte, 654 F.2d at 128; Alvarado, 511 F.2d at 1049.\nFurthermore, it is for the Court a critical and determinative conclusi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "654 F.2d 127", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_654/0127_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "536a70bd5482a512", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 21099, "end": 21115, "quote": "511 F.2d at 1049", "context": " were not credible to the extent alleged.”); see also; see also Lizotte, 654 F.2d at 128; Alvarado, 511 F.2d at 1049.\nFurthermore, it is for the Court a critical and determinative conclusion that the ALJ did not base", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "511 F.2d 1046", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_511/1046_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "76ff4a86aa48552a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 26797, "end": 26812, "quote": "402 U.S. at 399", "context": "nflicting medical evidence.... [it is for t]he trier of fact[s] ... to solve ... ”. See Richardson, 402 U.S. at 399, 91 S.Ct. 1420 (emphasis ours). The ALJ’s resolution must be affirmed “even if the record arguably ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "402 U.S. 389", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3599c2910e3c01eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 26814, "end": 26827, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 1420", "context": " evidence.... [it is for t]he trier of fact[s] ... to solve ... ”. See Richardson, 402 U.S. at 399, 91 S.Ct. 1420 (emphasis ours). The ALJ’s resolution must be affirmed “even if the record arguably could justify a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 1420", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cd22b0708324f5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 27066, "end": 27076, "quote": "819 F.2d 1", "context": " supported by substantial evidence”. See Rodriguez Pagan v. Secretary of Health and Human Services, 819 F.2d 1, 3 (1st Cir.1987); see also Irlanda Ortiz, 955 F.2d at 770 (“Although the record arguably could sup", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "819 F.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c8a7777d43df10d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 27120, "end": 27135, "quote": "955 F.2d at 770", "context": "an v. Secretary of Health and Human Services, 819 F.2d 1, 3 (1st Cir.1987); see also Irlanda Ortiz, 955 F.2d at 770 (“Although the record arguably could support a different conclusion, we believe there is substantia", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "955 F.2d 765", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/0765_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f99cf147f199d019", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 27432, "end": 27445, "quote": "819 F.2d at 3", "context": "h work was not significantly reduced. Thus, we must uphold his decision.”) (citing Rodriguez Pagan, 819 F.2d at 3).\nFurthermore, Dr. Jorge Davila Velez, a neurologist, evaluated the Plaintiff on February 13, 1997.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "819 F.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4bbf47eb7e2304ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 30177, "end": 30194, "quote": "274 F.Supp.2d 143", "context": "hensive and thorough” as in the instant case. See Quinones Arce v. Commissioner of Social Security, 274 F.Supp.2d 143, 145 (2003). “The issue to be considered by the Court in this kind of cases is whether the decision", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "274 F. Supp. 2d 143", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_274/0143_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1cc6467d72f2fef1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 30484, "end": 30488, "quote": "Id.,", "context": "ere scintilla’ and such as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” See Id., (quoting Richardson, 402 U.S. at 401, 91 S.Ct. 1420); see also Colon v. Secretary of Health & Human", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "274 F. Supp. 2d 143", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_274/0143_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8005a7af282615e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 30510, "end": 30525, "quote": "402 U.S. at 401", "context": " a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” See Id., (quoting Richardson, 402 U.S. at 401, 91 S.Ct. 1420); see also Colon v. Secretary of Health & Human Serv., 877 F.2d 148 (1st Cir.1989).\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "402 U.S. 389", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5449e2f2593ffec8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 30527, "end": 30540, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 1420", "context": "d might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” See Id., (quoting Richardson, 402 U.S. at 401, 91 S.Ct. 1420); see also Colon v. Secretary of Health & Human Serv., 877 F.2d 148 (1st Cir.1989).\nFor the reasons", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 1420", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c66af1a2e5c1d1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 30596, "end": 30608, "quote": "877 F.2d 148", "context": "g Richardson, 402 U.S. at 401, 91 S.Ct. 1420); see also Colon v. Secretary of Health & Human Serv., 877 F.2d 148 (1st Cir.1989).\nFor the reasons stated above the Court concludes that the ALJ provided explicit and", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "877 F.2d 148", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_877/0148_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67d48478ed16c49d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 32835, "end": 32855, "quote": "20 C.F.R. § 416.967.", "context": "l limiting factors such as loss of fine dexterity or inability to sit for long periods of time.\nSee 20 C.F.R. § 416.967.\n. See Vega-Morales v. Commissioner of Social Security, 380 F.Supp.2d 54, 59 (D.P.R.20055) (\"[T]reat", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "214843f14861287f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 32911, "end": 32927, "quote": "380 F.Supp.2d 54", "context": "ng periods of time.\nSee 20 C.F.R. § 416.967.\n. See Vega-Morales v. Commissioner of Social Security, 380 F.Supp.2d 54, 59 (D.P.R.20055) (\"[T]reating physicians 'are not entitled to greater weight merely because they a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "380 F. Supp. 2d 54", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_380/0054_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e193836f12c6ec72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 33187, "end": 33197, "quote": "819 F.2d 1", "context": "ian’s opinion.”) (emphasis ours) (citing Rodriguez Pagan v. Secretary of Health and Human Services, 819 F.2d 1, 3 (1st Cir.1987)).\n. The Court notes that Dr. Davial Velez' evaluation was performed on February 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "819 F.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6785981562196e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 33357, "end": 33364, "quote": "the Act", "context": "' evaluation was performed on February 13, 1997 when Plaintiff was still found to be disabled under the Act and Dr. Guerra’s evaluation was performed on January 17, 2001, closer to the date when Plaintiff’s ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "706c92e7903f2c65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 34041, "end": 34060, "quote": "951 F.2d at 431-432", "context": "ian reports, provide substantial evidence to support an ALJ's ultimate decision. See Berrios Lopez, 951 F.2d at 431-432; see also Rodriguez, 647 F.2d at 223.\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7ad320b9711e37d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_518/0333_01/index.html", "start": 34082, "end": 34097, "quote": "647 F.2d at 223", "context": " to support an ALJ's ultimate decision. See Berrios Lopez, 951 F.2d at 431-432; see also Rodriguez, 647 F.2d at 223.\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "647 F.2d 218", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_647/0218_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d4f7f95f6b4b80a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 869, "end": 881, "quote": "545 F.3d 357", "context": "f Ohio, and the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals. See, e.g., Estate of Thomson v. Toyota Motor Corp., 545 F.3d 357, 360-61 (6th Cir.2008); Estate of Miller v. Toyota Motor Corp., No. 6:07-cv-1358-Orl-19DAB, 2007 WL", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "545 F.3d 357", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_545/0357_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2b5123a2c1f4f097", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 974, "end": 989, "quote": "2007 WL 4482589", "context": ".3d 357, 360-61 (6th Cir.2008); Estate of Miller v. Toyota Motor Corp., No. 6:07-cv-1358-Orl-19DAB, 2007 WL 4482589, at *1 (M.D.Fla. Dec. 18, 2007); Estate of Thomson v. Toyota Motor Corp., No. 1:06-cv-2431, 2007 WL", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 4482589", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "652862c2cfc3f084", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 1082, "end": 1097, "quote": "2007 WL 1795271", "context": "4482589, at *1 (M.D.Fla. Dec. 18, 2007); Estate of Thomson v. Toyota Motor Corp., No. 1:06-cv-2431, 2007 WL 1795271, at *1 (N.D.Ohio June 19, 2007). For present purposes, the relevant facts and procedural history ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 1795271", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b4dc12c7b36e13c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 2394, "end": 2409, "quote": "2007 WL 1795271", "context": "had dismissed the claims against Thrifty on the grounds of forum non conveniens. Estate of Thomson, 2007 WL 1795271, at *3-5. Approximately one month after Michael Miller’s case was removed to federal court, this Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 1795271", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e5daabc930892b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 2725, "end": 2740, "quote": "2007 WL 4482589", "context": "ing that Thrifty had failed to establish that South Africa was an adequate forum. Estate of Miller, 2007 WL 4482589, at *4-5.\nOne day after this Court’s Order in Estate of Miller, Thrifty filed a Motion to Dismiss i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 4482589", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4d7d9cd8194276e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 3389, "end": 3407, "quote": "545 F.3d at 364-67", "context": "ed Judge Aldrich’s dismissal of the claims against Thrifty in Estate of Thomson. Estate of Thomson, 545 F.3d at 364-67. Approximately one and a half months later, Judge Aldrich addressed the pending motions in Michael ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "545 F.3d 357", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_545/0357_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e64bd441d210546", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 4502, "end": 4519, "quote": "218 Fed.Appx. 860", "context": " the alternative forum without undue inconvenience or prejudice.” Tyco Fire & Sec., LLC v. Alcocer, 218 Fed.Appx. 860, 864 (11th Cir.2007) (citing Leon v. Million Air, Inc., 251 F.3d 1305, 1311 (11th Cir.2001)).\nThe b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "218 F. App'x 860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f35652f1546e383", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 4576, "end": 4589, "quote": "251 F.3d 1305", "context": "e & Sec., LLC v. Alcocer, 218 Fed.Appx. 860, 864 (11th Cir.2007) (citing Leon v. Million Air, Inc., 251 F.3d 1305, 1311 (11th Cir.2001)).\nThe burden to demonstrate that an “adequate” forum is available actually re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "251 F.3d 1305", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_251/1305_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "49f2233a9e203c9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 4778, "end": 4788, "quote": "Id. at 865", "context": "actually requires the movant to show that the alternative forum is both “adequate” and “available.” Id. at 865 (quoting La Seguridad v. Transytur Line, 707 F.2d 1304, 1307 (11th Cir.1983)). An alternative forum", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_251/1305_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "98d955631a1c61dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 4830, "end": 4843, "quote": "707 F.2d 1304", "context": "ative forum is both “adequate” and “available.” Id. at 865 (quoting La Seguridad v. Transytur Line, 707 F.2d 1304, 1307 (11th Cir.1983)). An alternative forum will be considered “adequate” as “long as it could pro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "707 F.2d 1304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_707/1304_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "93fab378e0e04d01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5134, "end": 5137, "quote": "Id.", "context": "lied in the alternative forum is less favorable to the plaintiff ] than that of the present forum.” Id. (quoting Piper Aircraft Co. v. Reyno, 454 U.S. 235, 247, 102 S.Ct. 252, 70 L.Ed.2d 419 (1981)) (int", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "707 F.2d 1304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_707/1304_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f88777295ad67584", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5176, "end": 5188, "quote": "454 U.S. 235", "context": "rable to the plaintiff ] than that of the present forum.” Id. (quoting Piper Aircraft Co. v. Reyno, 454 U.S. 235, 247, 102 S.Ct. 252, 70 L.Ed.2d 419 (1981)) (internal quotations omitted). “Generally, a defendant ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "454 U.S. 235", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b9d127bf60ec7b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5195, "end": 5208, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 252", "context": "iff ] than that of the present forum.” Id. (quoting Piper Aircraft Co. v. Reyno, 454 U.S. 235, 247, 102 S.Ct. 252, 70 L.Ed.2d 419 (1981)) (internal quotations omitted). “Generally, a defendant can demonstrate an a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 252", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f46c725793d16e0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5210, "end": 5224, "quote": "70 L.Ed.2d 419", "context": " of the present forum.” Id. (quoting Piper Aircraft Co. v. Reyno, 454 U.S. 235, 247, 102 S.Ct. 252, 70 L.Ed.2d 419 (1981)) (internal quotations omitted). “Generally, a defendant can demonstrate an available forum b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 L. Ed. 2d 419", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a886e238cf15ea74", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5470, "end": 5473, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ocess in that forum, or alternatively, by consenting to the jurisdiction of the alternative forum.” Id. (citing Piper Aircraft, 454 U.S. at 242, 102 S.Ct. 252; La Seguridad, 707 F.2d at 1305 n. 1).\nIf th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "70 L. Ed. 2d 419", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca4189ca416a7ddf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5498, "end": 5513, "quote": "454 U.S. at 242", "context": "rnatively, by consenting to the jurisdiction of the alternative forum.” Id. (citing Piper Aircraft, 454 U.S. at 242, 102 S.Ct. 252; La Seguridad, 707 F.2d at 1305 n. 1).\nIf the movant satisfies this first prong, it ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "454 U.S. 235", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed89a84762800ba0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5515, "end": 5528, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 252", "context": "senting to the jurisdiction of the alternative forum.” Id. (citing Piper Aircraft, 454 U.S. at 242, 102 S.Ct. 252; La Seguridad, 707 F.2d at 1305 n. 1).\nIf the movant satisfies this first prong, it must then demon", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 252", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ac580ebeacda2d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5544, "end": 5556, "quote": "707 F.2d at ", "context": "f the alternative forum.” Id. (citing Piper Aircraft, 454 U.S. at 242, 102 S.Ct. 252; La Seguridad, 707 F.2d at 1305 n. 1).\nIf the movant satisfies this first prong, it must then demonstrate that relevant factors", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "707 F.2d 1304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_707/1304_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1b3ab4c457e2c68d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5777, "end": 5780, "quote": "Id.", "context": "” are sufficiently compelling to outweigh a presumption in favor of the plaintiffs choice of forum. Id. (citing Gulf Oil Corp. v. Gilbert, 330 U.S. 501, 508, 67 S.Ct. 839, 91 L.Ed. 1055 (1947)). This bur", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "707 F.2d 1304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_707/1304_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "091770a4443bf520", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5816, "end": 5828, "quote": "330 U.S. 501", "context": "gh a presumption in favor of the plaintiffs choice of forum. Id. (citing Gulf Oil Corp. v. Gilbert, 330 U.S. 501, 508, 67 S.Ct. 839, 91 L.Ed. 1055 (1947)). This burden is particularly steep concerning a foreign f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "330 U.S. 501", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9450b2a28828204d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5835, "end": 5847, "quote": "67 S.Ct. 839", "context": " favor of the plaintiffs choice of forum. Id. (citing Gulf Oil Corp. v. Gilbert, 330 U.S. 501, 508, 67 S.Ct. 839, 91 L.Ed. 1055 (1947)). This burden is particularly steep concerning a foreign forum when the plain", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 S. Ct. 839", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ebb1252c577ec2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 5849, "end": 5862, "quote": "91 L.Ed. 1055", "context": "plaintiffs choice of forum. Id. (citing Gulf Oil Corp. v. Gilbert, 330 U.S. 501, 508, 67 S.Ct. 839, 91 L.Ed. 1055 (1947)). This burden is particularly steep concerning a foreign forum when the plaintiff is a Unite", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 1055", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04b728fe4206b234", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 6010, "end": 6013, "quote": "id.", "context": "erning a foreign forum when the plaintiff is a United States citizen, resident, or corporation. See id.; Haddad v. RAV Bahamas, Ltd., No. 05-21013-CIV, 2008 WL 1017743, at *5 (S.D.Fla. Apr. 9, 2008) (“Th", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1025693536ceb096", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 6062, "end": 6077, "quote": "2008 WL 1017743", "context": "d States citizen, resident, or corporation. See id.; Haddad v. RAV Bahamas, Ltd., No. 05-21013-CIV, 2008 WL 1017743, at *5 (S.D.Fla. Apr. 9, 2008) (“The presumption in favor the plaintiffs initial forum choice is at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2008 WL 1017743", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5aaa05a62704c5d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 6582, "end": 6594, "quote": "707 F.2d at ", "context": "n as may exist to deny a United States citizen access to the courts of this country.” La Seguridad, 707 F.2d at 1308 n. 7. Relevant factors of “private interest” to consider include:\n(1) the relative ease of acce", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "707 F.2d 1304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_707/1304_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e42db33fed2bb633", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 7099, "end": 7117, "quote": "324 F.Supp.2d 1320", "context": "roblems that make a trial of the case easy, expeditious, and inexpensive.\nCallasso v. Morton & Co., 324 F.Supp.2d 1320, 1330 n. 7 (S.D.Fla.2004) (citing In re Air Crash Disaster Near New Orleans, La., 821 F.2d 1147 (5t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "324 F. Supp. 2d 1320", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_324/1320_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "91219e3a44c41d5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 7200, "end": 7213, "quote": "821 F.2d 1147", "context": "24 F.Supp.2d 1320, 1330 n. 7 (S.D.Fla.2004) (citing In re Air Crash Disaster Near New Orleans, La., 821 F.2d 1147 (5th Cir.1987)); see also SME Racks, Inc. v. Sistemas Mecanicos Para Electronica, 382 F.3d 1097, 11", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "821 F.2d 1147", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_821/1147_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2584993fb92361f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 7296, "end": 7309, "quote": "382 F.3d 1097", "context": "a., 821 F.2d 1147 (5th Cir.1987)); see also SME Racks, Inc. v. Sistemas Mecanicos Para Electronica, 382 F.3d 1097, 1100-01 (11th Cir.2004).\nIf the balance of private interest factors is at or near equipoise, the C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "382 F.3d 1097", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_382/1097_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a386459ca7000f36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 7493, "end": 7513, "quote": "218 Fed.Appx. at 865", "context": "equipoise, the Court must then consider relevant factors of public interest. Tyco Fire & Sec., LLC, 218 Fed.Appx. at 865; SME Racks, Inc., 382 F.3d at 1101; but see Leon, 251 F.3d at 1311 (“[T]he better rule is to consid", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "218 F. App'x 860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74ab87e86ee23687", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 7532, "end": 7548, "quote": "382 F.3d at 1101", "context": " relevant factors of public interest. Tyco Fire & Sec., LLC, 218 Fed.Appx. at 865; SME Racks, Inc., 382 F.3d at 1101; but see Leon, 251 F.3d at 1311 (“[T]he better rule is to consider both factors in all cases.... ”)", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "382 F.3d 1097", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_382/1097_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b76012dcee056b5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 7564, "end": 7580, "quote": "251 F.3d at 1311", "context": "rest. Tyco Fire & Sec., LLC, 218 Fed.Appx. at 865; SME Racks, Inc., 382 F.3d at 1101; but see Leon, 251 F.3d at 1311 (“[T]he better rule is to consider both factors in all cases.... ”). These factors include:\n(1) adm", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "251 F.3d 1305", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_251/1305_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c076d77f388d3ebb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 8120, "end": 8137, "quote": "324 F.Supp.2d at ", "context": "n law; and (5) the unfairness of burdening citizens in an unrelated forum with jury duty.\nCallasso, 324 F.Supp.2d at 1330 n. 8 (citing In re Air Crash, 821 F.2d at 1147).\nFinally, if the balance of interests favors th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "324 F. Supp. 2d 1320", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_324/1320_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "af4cfcf70267bd93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 8172, "end": 8188, "quote": "821 F.2d at 1147", "context": "in an unrelated forum with jury duty.\nCallasso, 324 F.Supp.2d at 1330 n. 8 (citing In re Air Crash, 821 F.2d at 1147).\nFinally, if the balance of interests favors the alternative forum, the Court must ensure that the", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "821 F.2d 1147", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_821/1147_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "77dc2606f172e1c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 8419, "end": 8436, "quote": "218 Fed.Appx. at ", "context": "ts] suit in the alternative forum without undue inconvenience or prejudice.” Tyco Fire & Sec., LLC, 218 Fed.Appx. at 866 (citing La Seguridad, 707 F.2d at 1307).\nAnalysis\nIn Estate of Miller, this Court denied Thrifty", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "218 F. App'x 860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5564c8c22c12c74c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 8462, "end": 8478, "quote": "707 F.2d at 1307", "context": "ndue inconvenience or prejudice.” Tyco Fire & Sec., LLC, 218 Fed.Appx. at 866 (citing La Seguridad, 707 F.2d at 1307).\nAnalysis\nIn Estate of Miller, this Court denied Thrifty’s Motion to Dismiss for forum non conveni", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "707 F.2d 1304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_707/1304_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1e288edfb71a278", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 8716, "end": 8731, "quote": "2007 WL 4482589", "context": "ty had failed to show that it was amenable to service of process in South Africa. Estate of Miller, 2007 WL 4482589, at *5-6. That deficiency also exists in the instant case.\nThrifty repeatedly argues in its Motion ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 4482589", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0d95e37add6955b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 9996, "end": 10016, "quote": "218 Fed.Appx. at 865", "context": " alternatively, by consenting to the jurisdiction of the alternative forum.” Tyco Fire & Sec., LLC, 218 Fed.Appx. at 865 (emphasis added). The defendant cannot meet this burden by showing that the plaintiff will still be", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "218 F. App'x 860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d515f912b53eef57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 10194, "end": 10197, "quote": "id.", "context": "laintiff will still be able to pursue claims against other defendants in the alternative forum. See id. In the Eleventh Circuit, the questions of “adequacy” and “availability” are distinct and must both ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "218 F. App'x 860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "220cb5d8ee361f89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 10329, "end": 10332, "quote": "Id.", "context": "estions of “adequacy” and “availability” are distinct and must both be answered in the affirmative. Id.\nThe Court recognizes that the Sixth Circuit came to a contrary conclusion in Estate of Thomson. The", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "218 F. App'x 860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b767f0324b6a498", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 11219, "end": 11234, "quote": "545 F.3d at 365", "context": "orate entities, indeed the proper entities, in South Africa which are amenable to service.\nThomson, 545 F.3d at 365. However, regardless of whether the Thomson court’s conclusion is consistent with Sixth Circuit cas", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "545 F.3d 357", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_545/0357_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "471dc6f28aeccb43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 11463, "end": 11483, "quote": "218 Fed.Appx. at 865", "context": "pts of “adequacy” and “availability” as defined by the Eleventh Circuit. See Tyco Fire & Sec., LLC, 218 Fed.Appx. at 865 (“In this case, Mexico would be an ‘available’ forum if the Mexican court can assert jurisdiction o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "218 F. App'x 860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec987b88519a1d57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 12334, "end": 12337, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ot conclude that a South African court would be able to assert jurisdiction over the “entire case.” Id. Accordingly, South Africa is not an available forum for Miller’s claim.\nFurther, even if Thrifty ha", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "218 F. App'x 860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ef4c6f960480b57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 15738, "end": 15753, "quote": "2007 WL 3054986", "context": "overwhelmingly favored dismissal. Villeda Aldana v. Fresh Del Monte Produce, Inc., No. 01-3399-CIV, 2007 WL 3054986, at *3-5 (S.D.Fla. Oct. 16, 2007) (claim asserted by Guatemalan nationals under the Alien Tort Clai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 3054986", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a196968115d23595", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_593/1254_01/index.html", "start": 15987, "end": 16005, "quote": "515 F.Supp.2d 1258", "context": "ention Act against a Guatemalan corporation); J.C. Renfroe & Sons, Inc. v. Renfroe Japan Co., Ltd., 515 F.Supp.2d 1258, 1270-75 (M.D.Fla.2007) (breach of contract claim asserted by American corporation against a Japane", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "515 F. Supp. 2d 1258", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_515/1258_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1b96ba6e6468a37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 1572, "end": 1587, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 371", "context": "ernment filed a Superseding Indictment. Count One charged Ms. Lawson and Ms. Ogren with conspiracy. 18 U.S.C. § 371. Count Two charged them with violating 18 U.S.C. § 545. A jury found both women guilty of both crim", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 371", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_371/title18_sec371_a453c1926224/371_conspiracy_to_commit_offense_or_to_defraud_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1e4c4521ced6bc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 1582, "end": 1588, "quote": "§ 371.", "context": "led a Superseding Indictment. Count One charged Ms. Lawson and Ms. Ogren with conspiracy. 18 U.S.C. § 371. Count Two charged them with violating 18 U.S.C. § 545. A jury found both women guilty of both crime", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_371/title18_sec371_a453c1926224/371_conspiracy_to_commit_offense_or_to_defraud_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9595a7e5016c1c7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 1627, "end": 1642, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "ed Ms. Lawson and Ms. Ogren with conspiracy. 18 U.S.C. § 371. Count Two charged them with violating 18 U.S.C. § 545. A jury found both women guilty of both crimes. They filed a timely motion for judgment of acquitta", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4fa4f00b948e378d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 1637, "end": 1643, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "son and Ms. Ogren with conspiracy. 18 U.S.C. § 371. Count Two charged them with violating 18 U.S.C. § 545. A jury found both women guilty of both crimes. They filed a timely motion for judgment of acquittal", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "dadb9c81834373c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 1825, "end": 1836, "quote": "Section 545", "context": "gment of acquittal. Fed.R.Crim.P. 29(c).\nRULING\nA. Alternative Methods of Committing a Single Crime\nSection 545 of Title 18 is divided into paragraphs. The first two paragraphs create separate crimes. Olais-Cast", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "53e8478ef7372f72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 1957, "end": 1970, "quote": "416 F.2d 1155", "context": "ed into paragraphs. The first two paragraphs create separate crimes. Olais-Castro v. United States, 416 F.2d 1155, 1157-58 (9th Cir.1969). The defendants were convicted of violating the second paragraph, which mak", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "416 F.2d 1155", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_416/1155_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "12b4e492082b49e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 2438, "end": 2453, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "tation, knowing the same to have been imported or brought into the United States contrary to law[.]\n18 U.S.C. § 545. The defendants argue that the second paragraph of § 545 creates at least two crimes. In their opin", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "48e9554ce9ed06eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 2448, "end": 2454, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "owing the same to have been imported or brought into the United States contrary to law[.]\n18 U.S.C. § 545. The defendants argue that the second paragraph of § 545 creates at least two crimes. In their opini", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "1465bc3df9d90113", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 2505, "end": 2510, "quote": "§ 545", "context": "United States contrary to law[.]\n18 U.S.C. § 545. The defendants argue that the second paragraph of § 545 creates at least two crimes. In their opinion, one crime consists of importing merchandise into the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6cf6e60e7ee1cf2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 2908, "end": 2914, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "mportation. The government disagrees with the defendants’ interpretation of the second paragraph of § 545. According to the government, the second paragraph describes alternative means by which a person may", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "663587576d52fc95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 3183, "end": 3189, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "it court of appeals has addressed the parties’ competing interpretations of the second paragraph of § 545. However, the Ninth Circuit has provided guidance. In United States v. Arreola, 467 F.3d 1153, 1157 ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3aabc46a93445e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 3269, "end": 3282, "quote": "467 F.3d 1153", "context": " paragraph of § 545. However, the Ninth Circuit has provided guidance. In United States v. Arreola, 467 F.3d 1153, 1157 (9th Cir.2006), the circuit court explained that it employs the analytical framework establis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "467 F.3d 1153", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_467/1153_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d47060351473400d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 3419, "end": 3431, "quote": "546 F.2d 833", "context": "urt explained that it employs the analytical framework established in United States v. UCO Oil Co., 546 F.2d 833 (9th Cir.1976), when asked to determine whether a statute creates separate offenses or simply descr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "546 F.2d 833", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_546/0833_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7731a1f99fa5990c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 3856, "end": 3868, "quote": "467 F.3d at ", "context": " the ‘appropriateness of multiple punishment for the conduct charged in the indictment.’ ” Arreola, 467 F.3d at 1157 (quoting UCO Oil Co., 546 F.2d at 836-38).\nIt is appropriate to begin with the language of the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "467 F.3d 1153", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_467/1153_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b550beb737c66eeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 3895, "end": 3913, "quote": "546 F.2d at 836-38", "context": "hment for the conduct charged in the indictment.’ ” Arreola, 467 F.3d at 1157 (quoting UCO Oil Co., 546 F.2d at 836-38).\nIt is appropriate to begin with the language of the statute. Arreola, 467 F.3d at 1157. Congress ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "546 F.2d 833", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_546/0833_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5de947eeb7f72950", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 3986, "end": 4002, "quote": "467 F.3d at 1157", "context": "Oil Co., 546 F.2d at 836-38).\nIt is appropriate to begin with the language of the statute. Arreola, 467 F.3d at 1157. Congress could have divided the second paragraph of § 545 into separate paragraphs. This would hav", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "467 F.3d 1153", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_467/1153_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "14a6f52a81da9898", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 4056, "end": 4061, "quote": "§ 545", "context": "uage of the statute. Arreola, 467 F.3d at 1157. Congress could have divided the second paragraph of § 545 into separate paragraphs. This would have strongly suggested that Congress intended to create more ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ce73df3927e5fc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 4177, "end": 4193, "quote": "467 F.3d at 1157", "context": "aragraphs. This would have strongly suggested that Congress intended to create more than one crime. 467 F.3d at 1157. Instead, Congress left the second paragraph as a single unit. The fact that Congress did so indica", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "467 F.3d 1153", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_467/1153_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae8a02ffcae9e067", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 4337, "end": 4340, "quote": "id.", "context": "h as a single unit. The fact that Congress did so indicates an intent to create a single crime. See id. Granted, the second paragraph of § 545 is composed of several clauses. As the defendants observe, i", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "467 F.3d 1153", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_467/1153_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e3c999e0ac13ae5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 4374, "end": 4379, "quote": "§ 545", "context": "gress did so indicates an intent to create a single crime. See id. Granted, the second paragraph of § 545 is composed of several clauses. As the defendants observe, it is unlawful either to “fraudulently o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5cad565e8f6a05f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 4723, "end": 4738, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "ner facilitate!] the transportation, concealment, or sale of such merchandise after importation!.]” 18 U.S.C. § 545 (capitalization and emphasis added). The fact the preceding clauses are divided by a disjunctive “o", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "8c50b0bf7b7aaab3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 5081, "end": 5093, "quote": "309 F.3d 566", "context": "fying two or more ways in which a single crime can be committed. See, e.g., United States v. Booth, 309 F.3d 566, 572 (9th Cir.2002) (“[i]t is apparent from the disjunctive ‘or’ ... that the crime may be committe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "309 F.3d 566", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_309/0566_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b7c31018baa15088", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 5286, "end": 5291, "quote": "§ 545", "context": "ommitted with either of the two specified states of mind”). This reading of the second paragraph of § 545 is reinforced by considering the penalty provision. Punishment does not vary depending upon whether", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d7899aeb22347cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 5652, "end": 5671, "quote": "467 F.3d at 1157-58", "context": " the same. Uniformity of penalty suggests that Congress intended to create a single crime. Arreola, 467 F.3d at 1157-58. Indeed, that is the most sensible interpretation of the second paragraph of § 545. The various cla", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "467 F.3d 1153", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_467/1153_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "58c4cac0197a968b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 5749, "end": 5755, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "a, 467 F.3d at 1157-58. Indeed, that is the most sensible interpretation of the second paragraph of § 545. The various clauses of that paragraph are simply alternative means by which a person may commit a s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77047394bc20156c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 5924, "end": 5930, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "y which a person may commit a single crime.\nB. Merchandise\nThe term “merchandise” is not defined by § 545. As a result, the Ninth Circuit uses the definition set forth in 19 U.S.C. § 1401(c). United States ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ab5dc81c87f30f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 5995, "end": 6011, "quote": "19 U.S.C. § 1401", "context": "rchandise” is not defined by § 545. As a result, the Ninth Circuit uses the definition set forth in 19 U.S.C. § 1401(c). United States v. Garcia-Paz, 282 F.3d 1212, 1214 (9th Cir. 2002). Under § 1401(c), “[t]he word ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "19 U.S.C. § 1401", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_19/section_1401/title19_sec1401_e591fbf56b25/1401_miscellaneous_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a8f7ed1b3fc74161", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6005, "end": 6014, "quote": "§ 1401(c)", "context": " is not defined by § 545. As a result, the Ninth Circuit uses the definition set forth in 19 U.S.C. § 1401(c). United States v. Garcia-Paz, 282 F.3d 1212, 1214 (9th Cir. 2002). Under § 1401(c), “[t]he word ‘me", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_19/section_1401/title19_sec1401_e591fbf56b25/1401_miscellaneous_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d8ff4936025a7b62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6045, "end": 6058, "quote": "282 F.3d 1212", "context": "he Ninth Circuit uses the definition set forth in 19 U.S.C. § 1401(c). United States v. Garcia-Paz, 282 F.3d 1212, 1214 (9th Cir. 2002). Under § 1401(c), “[t]he word ‘merchandise’ means goods, wares, and chattels ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "282 F.3d 1212", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_282/1212_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ed75a3e144840fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6088, "end": 6097, "quote": "§ 1401(c)", "context": "rth in 19 U.S.C. § 1401(c). United States v. Garcia-Paz, 282 F.3d 1212, 1214 (9th Cir. 2002). Under § 1401(c), “[t]he word ‘merchandise’ means goods, wares, and chattels of every description, and includes merc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c8894259cbb8b362", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6401, "end": 6407, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "s Law Dictionary 229 (7th ed. 1999). Thus, the monkey constituted merchandise within the meaning of § 545.\nC. Contrary to Law\nThe government presented overwhelming evidence that the defendants left Thailand", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "192f02ff0f48b246", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7180, "end": 7192, "quote": "981 F.2d 439", "context": "fer expert testimony in order to establish that a monkey is a primate. Cf. United States v. Miller, 981 F.2d 439, 443 (9th Cir.1992) (“The common knowledge of even schoolchildren that saguaro is cactus made exper", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "981 F.2d 439", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_981/0439_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "71faa24adeaa1b00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7705, "end": 7721, "quote": "16 U.S.C. § 1531", "context": "Convention. The United States implemented its CITES obligations through the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq. (“ESA”). See, e.g., United States v. Norris, 452 F.3d 1275, 1277-78 (11th Cir.2006); United", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "16 U.S.C. § 1531", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_16/section_1531/title16_sec1531_30b2f460622b/1531_congressional_findings_and_declaration_of_purposes_and_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c55f6096f09d4c59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7775, "end": 7788, "quote": "452 F.3d 1275", "context": "h the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq. (“ESA”). See, e.g., United States v. Norris, 452 F.3d 1275, 1277-78 (11th Cir.2006); United States v. Koczuk, 252 F.3d 91, 97-98 (2d Cir.2001). Under the ESA,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "452 F.3d 1275", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_452/1275_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "28e756ba4a2e1dc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7840, "end": 7851, "quote": "252 F.3d 91", "context": "ee, e.g., United States v. Norris, 452 F.3d 1275, 1277-78 (11th Cir.2006); United States v. Koczuk, 252 F.3d 91, 97-98 (2d Cir.2001). Under the ESA, “[fit is unlawful for any person subject to the jurisdiction o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "252 F.3d 91", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_252/0091_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e3e0c896d8e394c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8060, "end": 8076, "quote": "16 U.S.C. § 1538", "context": "ted States to engage in any trade in any specimens contrary to the provisions of the Convention!.]” 16 U.S.C. § 1538(c)(1). Congress authorized the Secretary of the Interior to promulgate regulations in order to enfo", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "16 U.S.C. § 1538", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_16/section_1538/title16_sec1538_98aa87f9a7d0/1538_prohibited_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "b2f699888e6ccc86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8070, "end": 8082, "quote": "§ 1538(c)(1)", "context": " to engage in any trade in any specimens contrary to the provisions of the Convention!.]” 16 U.S.C. § 1538(c)(1). Congress authorized the Secretary of the Interior to promulgate regulations in order to enforce th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_16/section_1538/title16_sec1538_98aa87f9a7d0/1538_prohibited_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "69db6e34cd59602e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8189, "end": 8205, "quote": "16 U.S.C. § 1540", "context": "ess authorized the Secretary of the Interior to promulgate regulations in order to enforce the ESA. 16 U.S.C. § 1540(f). In response, the Secretary promulgated Part 23 of Title 50 of the Code of Federal Regulations. ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "16 U.S.C. § 1540", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_16/section_1540/title16_sec1540_934c88b569df/1540_penalties_and_enforcement_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ee8f8d7b67f2e36a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8199, "end": 8208, "quote": "§ 1540(f)", "context": "ized the Secretary of the Interior to promulgate regulations in order to enforce the ESA. 16 U.S.C. § 1540(f). In response, the Secretary promulgated Part 23 of Title 50 of the Code of Federal Regulations. 50 ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_16/section_1540/title16_sec1540_934c88b569df/1540_penalties_and_enforcement_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "2639cf6f68eb04a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8305, "end": 8324, "quote": "50 C.F.R. § 23.1(a)", "context": "(f). In response, the Secretary promulgated Part 23 of Title 50 of the Code of Federal Regulations. 50 C.F.R. § 23.1(a) (“[t]he regulations in [Part 23] implement the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Spec", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc463ece8241db7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8526, "end": 8541, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "s of Wild Fauna and Flora”).\nThe jury convicted the defendants of violating the second paragraph of 18 U.S.C. § 545. In order to convict them, the jury had to find that they imported merchandise contrary to law. Adm", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "26641ab98e5b7493", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8536, "end": 8542, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "Fauna and Flora”).\nThe jury convicted the defendants of violating the second paragraph of 18 U.S.C. § 545. In order to convict them, the jury had to find that they imported merchandise contrary to law. Admi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7ab9a5d053e88e29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8717, "end": 8732, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "ise contrary to law. Administrative regulations do not necessarily constitute “law” for purposes of 18 U.S.C. § 545. United States v. Alghazouli, 517 F.3d 1179, 1187 (9th Cir.2008), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 129 S.Ct.", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a38e947de42ad2bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8727, "end": 8733, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "ry to law. Administrative regulations do not necessarily constitute “law” for purposes of 18 U.S.C. § 545. United States v. Alghazouli, 517 F.3d 1179, 1187 (9th Cir.2008), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 129 S.Ct. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6a7ce3e16f2e155d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8763, "end": 8776, "quote": "517 F.3d 1179", "context": "s do not necessarily constitute “law” for purposes of 18 U.S.C. § 545. United States v. Alghazouli, 517 F.3d 1179, 1187 (9th Cir.2008), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 129 S.Ct. 237, 172 L.Ed.2d 180 (2008). “The term [‘la", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "517 F.3d 1179", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_517/1179_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f32fa38d59bb0fd6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8823, "end": 8836, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 237", "context": ".C. § 545. United States v. Alghazouli, 517 F.3d 1179, 1187 (9th Cir.2008), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 129 S.Ct. 237, 172 L.Ed.2d 180 (2008). “The term [‘law’] includes a regulation only if there is a statute (a ‘law", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 237", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b962897ab8be795", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8838, "end": 8853, "quote": "172 L.Ed.2d 180", "context": "ed States v. Alghazouli, 517 F.3d 1179, 1187 (9th Cir.2008), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 129 S.Ct. 237, 172 L.Ed.2d 180 (2008). “The term [‘law’] includes a regulation only if there is a statute (a ‘law’) that specifies", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "172 L. Ed. 2d 180", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a85097adeda617d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9001, "end": 9012, "quote": "Id. at 1187", "context": " only if there is a statute (a ‘law’) that specifies that violation of that regulation is a crime.” Id. at 1187. Here, there is such a statute. Section 1538(c)(1) of Title 16 makes it unlawful “to engage in any ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f975a299ec59ae90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9045, "end": 9063, "quote": "Section 1538(c)(1)", "context": "pecifies that violation of that regulation is a crime.” Id. at 1187. Here, there is such a statute. Section 1538(c)(1) of Title 16 makes it unlawful “to engage in any trade in any specimens contrary to the provisions o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "799d5f510b84598a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9290, "end": 9308, "quote": "50 C.F.R. 23.1(a).", "context": "ited States’ obligations under the Convention are embodied in the regulations contained in Part 23. 50 C.F.R. 23.1(a). Since § 1538(c)(1) makes it unlawful to engage in trade that is “contrary to the provisions of the ", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59cf4320eb3d6484", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9315, "end": 9327, "quote": "§ 1538(c)(1)", "context": "under the Convention are embodied in the regulations contained in Part 23. 50 C.F.R. 23.1(a). Since § 1538(c)(1) makes it unlawful to engage in trade that is “contrary to the provisions of the Convention,” and si", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96f6bdae4d7ff3e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9746, "end": 9753, "quote": "§ 23.92", "context": " the consequences of violating the regulations that are contained in Part 23:\nExcept as provided in § 23.92, it is unlawful for any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to conduct any of t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "778dae1f109366f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10063, "end": 10081, "quote": "50 C.F.R. § 23.13.", "context": "ge in international trade with any specimen of a species listed in Appendix I, II, or III of CITES.\n50 C.F.R. § 23.13.\nEven if the Part 23 regulations are not “law” for purposes of 18 U.S.C. § 545, the government nonet", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe6933c30a603b8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10144, "end": 10159, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": ", or III of CITES.\n50 C.F.R. § 23.13.\nEven if the Part 23 regulations are not “law” for purposes of 18 U.S.C. § 545, the government nonetheless presented evidence which is sufficient to prove that the defendants imp", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb8708215239a38e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10772, "end": 10788, "quote": "16 U.S.C. § 1538", "context": "en they removed a Rhesus Macaque from Thailand and brought it into the United States, they violated 16 U.S.C. § 1538(c)(1) by engaging in trade that is contrary to the provisions of the Convention. In other words, th", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "16 U.S.C. § 1538", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_16/section_1538/title16_sec1538_98aa87f9a7d0/1538_prohibited_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "dd127a8b2e1e0ac1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10782, "end": 10794, "quote": "§ 1538(c)(1)", "context": "moved a Rhesus Macaque from Thailand and brought it into the United States, they violated 16 U.S.C. § 1538(c)(1) by engaging in trade that is contrary to the provisions of the Convention. In other words, they act", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_16/section_1538/title16_sec1538_98aa87f9a7d0/1538_prohibited_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "23ef2bd99a229697", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10959, "end": 10974, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "onvention. In other words, they acted contrary to law within the meaning of the second paragraph of 18 U.S.C. § 545.\nD. Genus and Taxon\nThe Superseding Indictment alleged, in part, that the “Rhesus Macaque (macaca m", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "89e432ccf1302357", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10969, "end": 10975, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": " In other words, they acted contrary to law within the meaning of the second paragraph of 18 U.S.C. § 545.\nD. Genus and Taxon\nThe Superseding Indictment alleged, in part, that the “Rhesus Macaque (macaca mu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f583a595c1b2a28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 11550, "end": 11563, "quote": "785 F.2d 1387", "context": " are alleged in an indictment simply because the indictment alleges them. United States v. Jenkins, 785 F.2d 1387, 1392 (9th Cir.1986). To the contrary, the government is obligated to present “only enough facts to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "785 F.2d 1387", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_785/1387_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6feab8f1fe8d891a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 11736, "end": 11739, "quote": "Id.", "context": "esent “only enough facts to prove the essential elements of the crime [charged in the indictment].” Id. As explained above, there is more than one method by which a person may violate the second paragrap", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "785 F.2d 1387", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_785/1387_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad87f451f3c94d18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 11844, "end": 11850, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "xplained above, there is more than one method by which a person may violate the second paragraph of § 545. However, each method requires proof that merchandise was imported into the United States contrary t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0747743712051341", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12631, "end": 12647, "quote": "785 F.2d at 1392", "context": "nt’s reference to a Macaca mulatta is mere surplusage. As such, it need not be proved. See Jenkins, 785 F.2d at 1392 (“Insofar as the language of an indictment goes beyond alleging elements of the crime, it is mere s", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "785 F.2d 1387", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_785/1387_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "31652d295ea50693", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12887, "end": 12902, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "Jury Unanimity Preserved\nThe defendants argue that both Count 1 (conspiracy) and Count 2 (violating 18 U.S.C. § 545) are duplicitous. “An indictment is duplicitous where a single count joins two or more distinct and", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "12ffd13a3a799292", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13058, "end": 13070, "quote": "273 F.3d 903", "context": " single count joins two or more distinct and separate offenses.” United States v. Ramirez-Martinez, 273 F.3d 903, 913 (9th Cir.2001), cert. denied, 537 U.S. 930, 123 S.Ct. 330, 154 L.Ed.2d 226 (2002). A duplicito", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "273 F.3d 903", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_273/0903_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "f6a1242b35342dfe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13106, "end": 13118, "quote": "537 U.S. 930", "context": "arate offenses.” United States v. Ramirez-Martinez, 273 F.3d 903, 913 (9th Cir.2001), cert. denied, 537 U.S. 930, 123 S.Ct. 330, 154 L.Ed.2d 226 (2002). A duplicitous count threatens a defendant’s Sixth Amendment", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "537 U.S. 930", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73643694a561e3b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13120, "end": 13133, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 330", "context": ".” United States v. Ramirez-Martinez, 273 F.3d 903, 913 (9th Cir.2001), cert. denied, 537 U.S. 930, 123 S.Ct. 330, 154 L.Ed.2d 226 (2002). A duplicitous count threatens a defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to a una", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 330", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50b5e7bca8de6a0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13135, "end": 13150, "quote": "154 L.Ed.2d 226", "context": "s v. Ramirez-Martinez, 273 F.3d 903, 913 (9th Cir.2001), cert. denied, 537 U.S. 930, 123 S.Ct. 330, 154 L.Ed.2d 226 (2002). A duplicitous count threatens a defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to a unanimous verdict. U", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "154 L. Ed. 2d 226", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc70aab2521f9976", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13274, "end": 13286, "quote": "67 F.3d 1435", "context": "ount threatens a defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to a unanimous verdict. United States v. Savage, 67 F.3d 1435, 1439 (9th Cir.1995). When a jury returns a verdict of guilty with respect to a duplicitous count, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 F.3d 1435", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_67/1435_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e752b4802483b406", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13523, "end": 13526, "quote": "id.", "context": "at the jury agreed unanimously with respect to which of the two crimes the defendant committed. See id.\nCount One alleged that the defendants committed “the following offense against the United States: S", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "67 F.3d 1435", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_67/1435_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b663ea4a0a8452aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13737, "end": 13772, "quote": "18, United States Code, Section 545", "context": "ncealing/Receiving of Goods into the United States, to-wit: a Rhesus Macaque, in violation of Title 18, United States Code, Section 545, all in violation of 18 United States Code 371.” (Superseding Indictment at 3). The word “smuggling", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18, U.S.C., Section 545", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a7bba28ced5d77d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13909, "end": 13915, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "s Code 371.” (Superseding Indictment at 3). The word “smuggling” is found in the first paragraph of § 545. The words “concealing” and “receiving” are found in the second paragraph. The defendants think that", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2ea24d205c178b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 14513, "end": 14525, "quote": "891 F.2d 703", "context": "]he conspiracy is the crime, and that is one, however diverse its objects.” United States v. Smith, 891 F.2d 703, 712 (9th Cir.1989) (internal punctuation and citations omitted), amended by 906 F.2d 385 (9th Cir.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "891 F.2d 703", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_891/0703_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c57828f393632470", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 14603, "end": 14615, "quote": "906 F.2d 385", "context": "v. Smith, 891 F.2d 703, 712 (9th Cir.1989) (internal punctuation and citations omitted), amended by 906 F.2d 385 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 811, 111 S.Ct. 47, 112 L.Ed.2d 23 (1990). See also United States", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "906 F.2d 385", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_906/0385_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9b801c0740a5ab12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 14642, "end": 14654, "quote": "498 U.S. 811", "context": "89) (internal punctuation and citations omitted), amended by 906 F.2d 385 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 811, 111 S.Ct. 47, 112 L.Ed.2d 23 (1990). See also United States v. Begay, 42 F.3d 486, 501 (9th Cir.19", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "498 U.S. 811", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bcbba4c2bfde4e54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 14656, "end": 14668, "quote": "111 S.Ct. 47", "context": "punctuation and citations omitted), amended by 906 F.2d 385 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 811, 111 S.Ct. 47, 112 L.Ed.2d 23 (1990). See also United States v. Begay, 42 F.3d 486, 501 (9th Cir.1994) (“An indic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 S. Ct. 47", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6c9e850410139800", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 14670, "end": 14684, "quote": "112 L.Ed.2d 23", "context": "d citations omitted), amended by 906 F.2d 385 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 811, 111 S.Ct. 47, 112 L.Ed.2d 23 (1990). See also United States v. Begay, 42 F.3d 486, 501 (9th Cir.1994) (“An indictment charging c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 L. Ed. 2d 23", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7693a57a9ac7281e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 14726, "end": 14737, "quote": "42 F.3d 486", "context": ", cert. denied, 498 U.S. 811, 111 S.Ct. 47, 112 L.Ed.2d 23 (1990). See also United States v. Begay, 42 F.3d 486, 501 (9th Cir.1994) (“An indictment charging conspiracy to commit more than one offense is not dupl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 F.3d 486", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_42/0439_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5961ae9491260b0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 14896, "end": 14911, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": " commit more than one offense is not duplicitous.”).\nCount Two alleged that the defendants violated 18 U.S.C. § 545 by “knowingly importing] and bringing] into the United States merchandise, to wit: a Rhesus Macaque", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff15e7577f8387c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 15154, "end": 15160, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "nt at 3). The defendants acknowledge that Count Two follows the language of the second paragraph of § 545. Since, in the defendants’ opinion, the second paragraph defines more than one crime, and since Coun", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6403ed47d166300", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 15423, "end": 15428, "quote": "§ 545", "context": "ows, say the defendants, that Count Two is duplicitous. They are incorrect. The second paragraph of § 545 describes alternative means by which a person can commit a single crime. Count Two is not duplicito", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "867006f192886e07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 15925, "end": 15940, "quote": "273 F.3d at 915", "context": "y to agree as to which of the distinct charges the defendant actually committed.” Ramirez-Martinez, 273 F.3d at 915. The Court provided verdict forms to the jurors that required them to make specific findings in the", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "273 F.3d 903", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_273/0903_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "d370fa3ace11b445", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 16477, "end": 16488, "quote": "34 F.3d 876", "context": "t a defendant will be tried in the state where the crimes were committed.” United States v. Corona, 34 F.3d 876, 878-79 (9th Cir.1994). The defendants were charged with conspiracy (Count One) and violating 18 U.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 F.3d 876", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_34/0876_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "79a4d21d9bc61273", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 16583, "end": 16598, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "d 876, 878-79 (9th Cir.1994). The defendants were charged with conspiracy (Count One) and violating 18 U.S.C. § 545 (Count Two). They now allege that the Eastern District of Washington is not the proper venue for th", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "db8eb47eb773ac86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 16974, "end": 16984, "quote": "Id. at 879", "context": "d the conspiracy, even if the substantive crime[] [is] committed in furtherance of the conspiracy.” Id. at 879.\n1. Venue for conspiracy charge\nThe defendants submit that Count One charged them with three separa", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "923341763bdb8d62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17226, "end": 17241, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "ts, one conspiracy involved an alleged agreement to smuggle merchandise into the United States. See 18 U.S.C. § 545 (first paragraph). Another conspiracy involved an alleged agreement to conceal unlawfully imported ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa8d0b2b2116b9b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17358, "end": 17373, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "). Another conspiracy involved an alleged agreement to conceal unlawfully imported merchandise. See 18 U.S.C. § 545 (second paragraph). A third conspiracy involved an alleged agreement to receive unlawfully imported", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d90affdf1c611361", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17491, "end": 17506, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "). A third conspiracy involved an alleged agreement to receive unlawfully imported merchandise. See 18 U.S.C. § 545 (second paragraph). The defendants argue that the Eastern District of Washington was not the proper", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ecbfb6aa46b8bf4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17871, "end": 17886, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": " not allege multiple conspiracies. It alleged a single agreement to engage in conduct that violated 18 U.S.C. § 545. “[V]enue is appropriate in any district where an overt act committed in the course of the conspira", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9f8a6f859e5f163f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17881, "end": 17887, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "e multiple conspiracies. It alleged a single agreement to engage in conduct that violated 18 U.S.C. § 545. “[V]enue is appropriate in any district where an overt act committed in the course of the conspirac", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "06a234cd6b0aac6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 18025, "end": 18038, "quote": "847 F.2d 1408", "context": "ct where an overt act committed in the course of the conspiracy occurred.” United States v. Meyers, 847 F.2d 1408, 1411 (9th Cir.1988) (internal punctuation and citations omitted). A rational jury could have found", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "847 F.2d 1408", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_847/1408_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7e295821a2f9db06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19115, "end": 19131, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3237", "context": "be ... prosecuted in any district from, through, or into which such ... imported object ... moves.” 18 U.S.C. § 3237(a). The second paragraph of 18 U.S.C. § 545 proscribes, among other things, both the importation of", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3237", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "182661876bfdea31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19125, "end": 19134, "quote": "§ 3237(a)", "context": "secuted in any district from, through, or into which such ... imported object ... moves.” 18 U.S.C. § 3237(a). The second paragraph of 18 U.S.C. § 545 proscribes, among other things, both the importation of me", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b34b2a7a8694bbdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19160, "end": 19175, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "gh, or into which such ... imported object ... moves.” 18 U.S.C. § 3237(a). The second paragraph of 18 U.S.C. § 545 proscribes, among other things, both the importation of merchandise contrary to law and the conceal", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "089c6b29ff7b1f46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19390, "end": 19395, "quote": "§ 545", "context": "dise that has been imported contrary to law. It follows that a violation of the second paragraph of § 545 is a continuing offense. A § 545 violation may be prosecuted in any district into which the importe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94855f9c2291c736", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19423, "end": 19428, "quote": "§ 545", "context": "ary to law. It follows that a violation of the second paragraph of § 545 is a continuing offense. A § 545 violation may be prosecuted in any district into which the imported object moves. In this instance,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b67929f41d5dd8d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19798, "end": 19810, "quote": "255 F.3d 714", "context": " to be tried upon the charges set forth in the Superseding Indictment. United States v. Antonakeas, 255 F.3d 714, 721 (9th Cir.2001). “ ‘[A]fter an indictment has been returned its charges may not be broadened th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "255 F.3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_255/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "26c5a72205f87726", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19986, "end": 19999, "quote": "458 F.3d 1011", "context": " may not be broadened through amendment except by the grand jury itself.’ ” United States v. Hartz, 458 F.3d 1011, 1019-20 (9th Cir.2006) (quoting Stirone v. United States, 361 U.S. 212, 215-16, 80 S.Ct. 270, 272,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "458 F.3d 1011", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_458/1011_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2396ccdbf57216fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 20059, "end": 20071, "quote": "361 U.S. 212", "context": " ” United States v. Hartz, 458 F.3d 1011, 1019-20 (9th Cir.2006) (quoting Stirone v. United States, 361 U.S. 212, 215-16, 80 S.Ct. 270, 272, 4 L.Ed.2d 252 (1960)). “An amendment of the indictment occurs when the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "361 U.S. 212", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "490eebe9101134c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 20081, "end": 20093, "quote": "80 S.Ct. 270", "context": "rtz, 458 F.3d 1011, 1019-20 (9th Cir.2006) (quoting Stirone v. United States, 361 U.S. 212, 215-16, 80 S.Ct. 270, 272, 4 L.Ed.2d 252 (1960)). “An amendment of the indictment occurs when the charging terms of the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 S. Ct. 270", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d958e8a91c06b94e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 20100, "end": 20113, "quote": "4 L.Ed.2d 252", "context": " 1019-20 (9th Cir.2006) (quoting Stirone v. United States, 361 U.S. 212, 215-16, 80 S.Ct. 270, 272, 4 L.Ed.2d 252 (1960)). “An amendment of the indictment occurs when the charging terms of the indictment are alter", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 L. Ed. 2d 252", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6619eb5f4ed1f39e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 20354, "end": 20366, "quote": "726 F.2d 584", "context": " prosecutor or a court after the grand jury has last passed upon them.” United States v. Von Stoll, 726 F.2d 584, 586 (9th Cir.1984). As observed above, the defendants insist that Count One charged them with thre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "726 F.2d 584", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_726/0584_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d942aa3eec89608d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 20613, "end": 20618, "quote": "§ 545", "context": " conspiracy involved an alleged agreement to engage in conduct that violated the first paragraph of § 545; two other conspiracies involved alleged agreements to engage in conduct that violated the second p", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da0436efff1ffd73", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 20730, "end": 20736, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": "conspiracies involved alleged agreements to engage in conduct that violated the second paragraph of § 545. The defendants argue that the Court constructively amended Count One in two respects. For one thing", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48a00cc48839a884", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 21501, "end": 21512, "quote": "Section 545", "context": "’s instructions to the jury did not broaden the scope of the charge; if anything, they narrowed it. Section 545 covers a broad range of conduct. The Court’s jury instructions limited the scope of the defendant’s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1943e8d5ee25373", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 22160, "end": 22175, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": ". 9.)\nH. Variance\nCount Two alleged that “[o]n or about November 28, 2007,” the defendants violated 18 U.S.C. § 545 in the Eastern District of Washington. (Superseding Indictment at 7.) According to the defendants, ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "2072826da6187d51", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 22337, "end": 22342, "quote": "§ 545", "context": "t at 7.) According to the defendants, the Court did not require the jury to find that they violated § 545 in the Eastern District of Washington on or about November 28, 2007. Nor, say the defendants, could", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1242abced0ead6ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23002, "end": 23007, "quote": "§ 545", "context": "). However, the defendants suffered no prejudice as a result of the variance. First, a violation of § 545 is a continuing offense. 18 U.S.C. § 3237(a). Thus, the offense did not stop when the defendants le", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "882f413f58f69584", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23033, "end": 23049, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3237", "context": "ered no prejudice as a result of the variance. First, a violation of § 545 is a continuing offense. 18 U.S.C. § 3237(a). Thus, the offense did not stop when the defendants left the airport in Los Angeles. To the cont", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3237", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63b5e5fa80f2e6c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23043, "end": 23052, "quote": "§ 3237(a)", "context": "ejudice as a result of the variance. First, a violation of § 545 is a continuing offense. 18 U.S.C. § 3237(a). Thus, the offense did not stop when the defendants left the airport in Los Angeles. To the contrar", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fa85c7e9213424b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23300, "end": 23306, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": " through December 6, 2007, and beyond. Second, the date of the offense is not a material element of § 545. Consequently, a variance that does not affect a defendant’s substantial rights is harmless. Fed.R.C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7095e92dde96d1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23591, "end": 23604, "quote": "493 F.3d 1110", "context": "given the facts of this case, to affect their substantial rights. See, e.g., United States v. Shea, 493 F.3d 1110, 1118 (9th Cir.2007) (collecting cases).\nI. Unduly Harsh Punishment\nThe defendants argue that Congr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "493 F.3d 1110", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a220696575f16d72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23788, "end": 23803, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "argue that Congress did not intend persons who engage in conduct like theirs to be prosecuted under 18 U.S.C. § 545. According to the defendants, Congress has enacted more specific statutes — e.g., the Lacey Act, 16", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "78fe74e0905d6bae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23798, "end": 23804, "quote": "§ 545.", "context": " Congress did not intend persons who engage in conduct like theirs to be prosecuted under 18 U.S.C. § 545. According to the defendants, Congress has enacted more specific statutes — e.g., the Lacey Act, 16 ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e7266a2be180cb8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23901, "end": 23917, "quote": "16 U.S.C. § 3371", "context": "45. According to the defendants, Congress has enacted more specific statutes — e.g., the Lacey Act, 16 U.S.C. § 3371, et seq. — to address the type of conduct that they engaged in. The defendants argue that the gover", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "16 U.S.C. § 3371", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_16/section_3371/title16_sec3371_1ad3c879a686/3371_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "bfb0fd3aae0022b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 24791, "end": 24804, "quote": "792 F.2d 1492", "context": "s felony penalties and the other merely imposes misdemeanor penalties.” United States v. Ed monson, 792 F.2d 1492, 1497 (9th Cir. 1986). Given this principle, the defendants are not entitled to judicial review of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "792 F.2d 1492", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_792/1492_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec02916281017ed2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 24965, "end": 24980, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "context": "are not entitled to judicial review of the government’s decision to charge them with felonies under 18 U.S.C. § 545 rather than charging them with misdemeanors under some more specific statute. Nor are the defendant", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_545/title18_sec545_515c732c62cb/545_smuggling_goods_into_the_united_states_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "33105826e97ff79b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 25422, "end": 25434, "quote": "514 F.3d 959", "context": "ved, [a court] can make no more than a guess as to what Congress intended.” United States v. Banks, 514 F.3d 959, 964 (9th Cir.2008) (internal punctuation and citations omitted). The second paragraph of § 545 is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "514 F.3d 959", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_514/0959_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "55f83916273a17cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 25525, "end": 25530, "quote": "§ 545", "context": " F.3d 959, 964 (9th Cir.2008) (internal punctuation and citations omitted). The second paragraph of § 545 is not so ambiguous that the Court must guess at its meaning. To the contrary, its reasonably clear", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4af3f2b5790ab1ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26041, "end": 26053, "quote": "220 F.2d 740", "context": "and furnish copies to counsel.\n. The defendants rely heavily upon Torres Martinez v. United States, 220 F.2d 740 (1st Cir.1955), to support their assertion that the Superseding Indictment is duplicitous. In Torre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "220 F.2d 740", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_220/0740_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d59cbb1287288fbf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26227, "end": 26242, "quote": "21 U.S.C. § 174", "context": "t is duplicitous. In Torres Martinez, the First Circuit analyzed a count that was based upon former 21 U.S.C. § 174. 220 F.2d at 742-43. The First Circuit implied that the count was duplicitous. Id. at 743. It is qu", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "21 U.S.C. § 174", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49fd82359e983cac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26237, "end": 26243, "quote": "§ 174.", "context": "citous. In Torres Martinez, the First Circuit analyzed a count that was based upon former 21 U.S.C. § 174. 220 F.2d at 742-43. The First Circuit implied that the count was duplicitous. Id. at 743. It is que", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab4ca1b1754650e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26244, "end": 26262, "quote": "220 F.2d at 742-43", "context": " In Torres Martinez, the First Circuit analyzed a count that was based upon former 21 U.S.C. § 174. 220 F.2d at 742-43. The First Circuit implied that the count was duplicitous. Id. at 743. It is questionable whether t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "220 F.2d 740", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_220/0740_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "daf28cf8e816954e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26322, "end": 26332, "quote": "Id. at 743", "context": "rmer 21 U.S.C. § 174. 220 F.2d at 742-43. The First Circuit implied that the count was duplicitous. Id. at 743. It is questionable whether the Ninth Circuit would have agreed. Cf. Pon Wing Quong v. United State", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "220 F.2d 740", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_220/0740_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7df29fd270495954", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26435, "end": 26447, "quote": "111 F.2d 751", "context": "t is questionable whether the Ninth Circuit would have agreed. Cf. Pon Wing Quong v. United States, 111 F.2d 751, 755 (9th Cir.1940) (holding that a count which charged the defendant with concealing and facilitat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 F.2d 751", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_111/0751_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f6e338c5788af2dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26753, "end": 26765, "quote": "443 F.3d 150", "context": " analysis provides little guidance here.\n. A venue challenge may be waived. United States v. Novak, 443 F.3d 150, 161 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 549 U.S. 997, 127 S.Ct. 525, 166 L.Ed.2d 371 (2006). The defects that", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "443 F.3d 150", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_443/0150_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a0a62a906637b38e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26796, "end": 26808, "quote": "549 U.S. 997", "context": "A venue challenge may be waived. United States v. Novak, 443 F.3d 150, 161 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 549 U.S. 997, 127 S.Ct. 525, 166 L.Ed.2d 371 (2006). The defects that the defendants now allege were readily app", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "549 U.S. 997", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24d39521b443a058", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26810, "end": 26823, "quote": "127 S.Ct. 525", "context": "nge may be waived. United States v. Novak, 443 F.3d 150, 161 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 549 U.S. 997, 127 S.Ct. 525, 166 L.Ed.2d 371 (2006). The defects that the defendants now allege were readily apparent on the fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 S. Ct. 525", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "38bd11437c1c6e70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26825, "end": 26840, "quote": "166 L.Ed.2d 371", "context": "ed. United States v. Novak, 443 F.3d 150, 161 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 549 U.S. 997, 127 S.Ct. 525, 166 L.Ed.2d 371 (2006). The defects that the defendants now allege were readily apparent on the face of the Superse", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "166 L. Ed. 2d 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1deee42408662bbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_618/1251_01/index.html", "start": 27063, "end": 27066, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ey did not challenge venue prior to trial. As a result, they waived their right to challenge venue. Id. (\"When the defect in venue is apparent on the face of the indictment, a defendant waives the right ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "166 L. Ed. 2d 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6bffa69d609770b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 285, "end": 294, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "int against defendant Connecticut Student Loan Foundation (“defendant” or “CSLF”) for violations of Title VII and 42 U.S.C. Section 1981, for discriminatory retaliation, and two state law counts for intentiona", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b50c25fd37c6814e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 299, "end": 321, "quote": "42 U.S.C. Section 1981", "context": "fendant Connecticut Student Loan Foundation (“defendant” or “CSLF”) for violations of Title VII and 42 U.S.C. Section 1981, for discriminatory retaliation, and two state law counts for intentional and negligent infliction ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. Section 1981", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4d6010968d5c56c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 895, "end": 904, "quote": "§ 10a-201", "context": "LF is a not-for-profit corporation chartered by the Connecticut General Assembly pursuant to C.G.S. § 10a-201, et seq. CSLF is in the business of lending, guaranteeing, and servicing student loans in accordanc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5c6c03f21595742", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 1055, "end": 1077, "quote": "20 U.S.C. Section 1071", "context": "nteeing, and servicing student loans in accordance with the provisions of the Higher Education Act, 20 U.S.C. Section 1071, et seq., and operating a secondary market for the purchase of student loans. CSLF has four divisio", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "20 U.S.C. Section 1071", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5da52faf95107f86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 5569, "end": 5581, "quote": "477 U.S. 242", "context": "s entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Fed. R.Civ.P. 56(c). See also Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. 242, 256, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986)(plaintiff must present affirmative evidence in order to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25a12e53cae974e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 5588, "end": 5602, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "ent as a matter of law. Fed. R.Civ.P. 56(c). See also Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. 242, 256, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986)(plaintiff must present affirmative evidence in order to defeat a properly su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d88bb45d69578f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 5604, "end": 5618, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": "of law. Fed. R.Civ.P. 56(c). See also Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. 242, 256, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986)(plaintiff must present affirmative evidence in order to defeat a properly supported motion f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5940e82898d7317c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 5962, "end": 5974, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": "e has the burden of proof at trial, then summary judgment is appropriate. Celotex Coup. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). “In such a situation, there can be ‘no genuine issue a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb4bf4b92c27824b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 5981, "end": 5995, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": " proof at trial, then summary judgment is appropriate. Celotex Coup. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). “In such a situation, there can be ‘no genuine issue as to any material fac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "333245ba75ac2121", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 5997, "end": 6011, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": " then summary judgment is appropriate. Celotex Coup. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). “In such a situation, there can be ‘no genuine issue as to any material fact,’ since a comp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ce584af812ccb85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 6244, "end": 6257, "quote": "Id. at 322-23", "context": "an essential element of the nonmoving party’s case necessarily renders all other facts immaterial.” Id. at 322-23, 106 S.Ct. 2548. Accord, Goenaga v. March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, 51 F.3d 14, 18 (2d. Ci", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f23a6b1a5dac115c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 6259, "end": 6273, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": "ement of the nonmoving party’s case necessarily renders all other facts immaterial.” Id. at 322-23, 106 S.Ct. 2548. Accord, Goenaga v. March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, 51 F.3d 14, 18 (2d. Cir.1995)(movant’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8047b8a8ed3b068d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 6335, "end": 6345, "quote": "51 F.3d 14", "context": "terial.” Id. at 322-23, 106 S.Ct. 2548. Accord, Goenaga v. March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, 51 F.3d 14, 18 (2d. Cir.1995)(movant’s burden satisfied by showing if it can point to an absence of evidence t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 F.3d 14", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_51/0014_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ef18c8f3206a5a63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 6654, "end": 6666, "quote": "963 F.2d 520", "context": " and draw all inferences in favor of the nonmoving party....” Aldrich v. Randolph Cent. Sch. Dist., 963 F.2d 520, 523 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 506 U.S. 965, 113 S.Ct. 440, 121 L.Edüd 359 (1992). “Only when reason", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "963 F.2d 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_963/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a32f06f7ec2c10f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 6697, "end": 6709, "quote": "506 U.S. 965", "context": "nmoving party....” Aldrich v. Randolph Cent. Sch. Dist., 963 F.2d 520, 523 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 506 U.S. 965, 113 S.Ct. 440, 121 L.Edüd 359 (1992). “Only when reasonable minds could not differ as to the impor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "506 U.S. 965", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_506/0965_09/index.html"]}
{"id": "6746aafa35b2d99c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 6711, "end": 6724, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 440", "context": "...” Aldrich v. Randolph Cent. Sch. Dist., 963 F.2d 520, 523 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 506 U.S. 965, 113 S.Ct. 440, 121 L.Edüd 359 (1992). “Only when reasonable minds could not differ as to the import of the eviden", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 440", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "17e062d3ddb60e36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 6876, "end": 6888, "quote": "923 F.2d 979", "context": " could not differ as to the import of the evidence is summary judgment proper.” Bryant v. Maffucci, 923 F.2d 979, 982 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 849, 112 S.Ct. 152, 116 L.Ed.2d 117 (1991). If the nonmoving", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "923 F.2d 979", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_923/0979_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b96ebdfdccabb0f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 6919, "end": 6931, "quote": "502 U.S. 849", "context": "vidence is summary judgment proper.” Bryant v. Maffucci, 923 F.2d 979, 982 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 849, 112 S.Ct. 152, 116 L.Ed.2d 117 (1991). If the nonmoving party submits evidence which is “merely co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "502 U.S. 849", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5cd959c65505abbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 6933, "end": 6946, "quote": "112 S.Ct. 152", "context": "mary judgment proper.” Bryant v. Maffucci, 923 F.2d 979, 982 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 849, 112 S.Ct. 152, 116 L.Ed.2d 117 (1991). If the nonmoving party submits evidence which is “merely col-orable”, or i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 152", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9772a4f3e8d95ac8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 6948, "end": 6963, "quote": "116 L.Ed.2d 117", "context": "roper.” Bryant v. Maffucci, 923 F.2d 979, 982 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 849, 112 S.Ct. 152, 116 L.Ed.2d 117 (1991). If the nonmoving party submits evidence which is “merely col-orable”, or is not “significan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 L. Ed. 2d 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cd67fc82fddb653", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 7122, "end": 7140, "quote": "477 U.S. at 249-50", "context": "merely col-orable”, or is not “significantly probative,” summary judgment may be granted. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 249-50, 106 S.Ct. 2505.\n“[T]he mere existence of some alleged factual dispute between the parties will not", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6abed6f53fe2d6e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 7142, "end": 7156, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "or is not “significantly probative,” summary judgment may be granted. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 249-50, 106 S.Ct. 2505.\n“[T]he mere existence of some alleged factual dispute between the parties will not defeat an other", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5973f5dbd0cf1b05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 7675, "end": 7688, "quote": "Id. at 247-48", "context": "ntry of summary judgment. Factual disputes that are irrelevant or unnecessary will not be counted.” Id. at 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505 (emphasis in original).\nII. The Standard As Applied\nA. The Title VII Claim\nIn order", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7bae1f18dff8caeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 7690, "end": 7704, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": " judgment. Factual disputes that are irrelevant or unnecessary will not be counted.” Id. at 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505 (emphasis in original).\nII. The Standard As Applied\nA. The Title VII Claim\nIn order for a plaintiff", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6df37edf44bc649a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 7764, "end": 7773, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " counted.” Id. at 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505 (emphasis in original).\nII. The Standard As Applied\nA. The Title VII Claim\nIn order for a plaintiff to set forth a claim for racial discrimination, he must meet four el", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da5166f31d1b02a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 8107, "end": 8119, "quote": "411 U.S. 792", "context": "e filling of the position by a person not of the protected class. McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802, 93 S.Ct. 1817, 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973); Texas Dep’t of Community Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "411 U.S. 792", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "193d978e7d18533f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 8126, "end": 8139, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 1817", "context": "sition by a person not of the protected class. McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802, 93 S.Ct. 1817, 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973); Texas Dep’t of Community Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 252-53, 101 S.Ct", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 1817", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37418f7d28d96262", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 8141, "end": 8155, "quote": "36 L.Ed.2d 668", "context": "son not of the protected class. McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802, 93 S.Ct. 1817, 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973); Texas Dep’t of Community Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 252-53, 101 S.Ct. 1089, 67 L.Ed.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 L. Ed. 2d 668", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4fe872d41b3e97f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 8209, "end": 8221, "quote": "450 U.S. 248", "context": "1 U.S. 792, 802, 93 S.Ct. 1817, 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973); Texas Dep’t of Community Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 252-53, 101 S.Ct. 1089, 67 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981). Defendant has conceded that plaintiff meets the fir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "450 U.S. 248", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89b73c5d755ac671", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 8231, "end": 8245, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 1089", "context": "Ct. 1817, 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973); Texas Dep’t of Community Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 252-53, 101 S.Ct. 1089, 67 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981). Defendant has conceded that plaintiff meets the first two elements. It is t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 1089", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0214eec5eaa20fb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 8247, "end": 8261, "quote": "67 L.Ed.2d 207", "context": "d.2d 668 (1973); Texas Dep’t of Community Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 252-53, 101 S.Ct. 1089, 67 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981). Defendant has conceded that plaintiff meets the first two elements. It is the third and fou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 L. Ed. 2d 207", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56651e20ed7fb46a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 8741, "end": 8753, "quote": "163 F.3d 706", "context": "erbal interest in the position, there was no position to be filled. In Brown v. Coach Stores, Inc., 163 F.3d 706, 710 (2d Cir., 1998) the Court of Appeals, following McDonnell and Burdine, held that a plaintiffs ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "163 F.3d 706", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_163/0706_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cb003e7c0e3d19b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 8945, "end": 8954, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "intiffs failure to actually apply and be rejected for a specific position was fatal to a claim to a Title VII claim. “This general mandate ensures that, at the very least, the plaintiff suffers an adverse empl", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "328185fb52daa71b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 9133, "end": 9148, "quote": "163 F.3d at 710", "context": "ffers an adverse employment action, an instance of alleged discrimination, by the employer.” Brown, 163 F.3d at 710. The Brown Court found that a general interest in a position, such as plaintiffs for the position a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "163 F.3d 706", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_163/0706_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8c6e1ce0e07a0dba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 9369, "end": 9380, "quote": "936 F.2d 32", "context": "nsufficient to establish a prima facie case. Accord, Dragon v. Rhode Island Dep’t of Mental Health, 936 F.2d 32, 35 (1st Cir.1991)(female state employee failed to show Title VII claim when she was denied positio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "936 F.2d 32", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_936/0032_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ca4e1639e4594f0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 9437, "end": 9446, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " Island Dep’t of Mental Health, 936 F.2d 32, 35 (1st Cir.1991)(female state employee failed to show Title VII claim when she was denied position, not because of her sex, but because the governor had ordered th", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b9d58d5a73c9f46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 9778, "end": 9788, "quote": "Id. at 253", "context": " for an available position and rejection therefore which was indicative of unlawful discrimination. Id. at 253, 101 S.Ct. 1089.\nIn the present case, plaintiff verbally showed some interest in the Senior Systems", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8de8d275f44c07d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 9790, "end": 9804, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 1089", "context": "lable position and rejection therefore which was indicative of unlawful discrimination. Id. at 253, 101 S.Ct. 1089.\nIn the present case, plaintiff verbally showed some interest in the Senior Systems Programmer posi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 1089", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d1700541799d77b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 10361, "end": 10373, "quote": "524 U.S. 742", "context": "s, or a decision causing a significant change in benefits”. Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth, 524 U.S. 742, 118 S.Ct. 2257, 2268, 141 L.Ed.2d 633 (1998). In this case, plaintiff experienced no change in his", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "524 U.S. 742", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_524/0742_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b917341e137b3cef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 10375, "end": 10389, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 2257", "context": "on causing a significant change in benefits”. Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth, 524 U.S. 742, 118 S.Ct. 2257, 2268, 141 L.Ed.2d 633 (1998). In this case, plaintiff experienced no change in his duties or respo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 2257", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_524/0742_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "36fad3f46c91b7a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 10397, "end": 10412, "quote": "141 L.Ed.2d 633", "context": "nt change in benefits”. Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth, 524 U.S. 742, 118 S.Ct. 2257, 2268, 141 L.Ed.2d 633 (1998). In this case, plaintiff experienced no change in his duties or responsibilities and receive", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "141 L. Ed. 2d 633", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_524/0742_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "64cb6e65af4e8770", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 10617, "end": 10626, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ular pay raises equal to or exceeding the CSLF norm. Plaintiff fails to meet the third element of a Title VII claim.\nAs to the fourth element, the position at issue was not filled by a person not of the protec", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25afa054c0b5b4fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 11578, "end": 11590, "quote": "32 F.3d 1161", "context": "flicts between employees are not the business of the federal courts.” Vore v. Indiana Bell Tel.Co., 32 F.3d 1161, 1162 (7th Cir.1994)(to state cognizable Title VII claim, employer must tangibly discriminate again", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 F.3d 1161", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_32/1161_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f30f938fa024fc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 11632, "end": 11641, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ederal courts.” Vore v. Indiana Bell Tel.Co., 32 F.3d 1161, 1162 (7th Cir.1994)(to state cognizable Title VII claim, employer must tangibly discriminate against employee on basis of race; employee must point t", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3062183207715573", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 12187, "end": 12202, "quote": "19 F.Supp.2d 11", "context": "race, she had numerous opportunities to do so in the past. See Proctor v. MCI Communications Corp., 19 F.Supp.2d 11, 18 (D.Conn.1998).\nB. The Hostile Environment Claim\nPlaintiff asserts that he was retaliated agains", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 F. Supp. 2d 11", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_19/0011_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f77429cfdefeb101", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 12905, "end": 12914, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "y ruling was justified.\nIn order to prevail on a hostile work environment claim brought pursuant to Title VII or 42 U.S.C. Section 1981, plaintiff must establish two elements. First, he must prove that the har", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a21e8cb7f585ae1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 12918, "end": 12940, "quote": "42 U.S.C. Section 1981", "context": "justified.\nIn order to prevail on a hostile work environment claim brought pursuant to Title VII or 42 U.S.C. Section 1981, plaintiff must establish two elements. First, he must prove that the harassment was “sufficiently ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. Section 1981", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07995413040131b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 13189, "end": 13200, "quote": "510 U.S. 17", "context": "e victim’s employment and create an abusive working environment”. Harris v. Forklift Systems, Inc., 510 U.S. 17, 21, 114 S.Ct. 367, 126 L.Ed.2d 295 (1993) (citation omitted). Second, plaintiff must show that a s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "510 U.S. 17", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_510/0017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e3ca89ea5675fce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 13206, "end": 13219, "quote": "114 S.Ct. 367", "context": "ment and create an abusive working environment”. Harris v. Forklift Systems, Inc., 510 U.S. 17, 21, 114 S.Ct. 367, 126 L.Ed.2d 295 (1993) (citation omitted). Second, plaintiff must show that a specific basis exist", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 S. Ct. 367", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_510/0017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "46c99ea538e637a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 13221, "end": 13236, "quote": "126 L.Ed.2d 295", "context": " an abusive working environment”. Harris v. Forklift Systems, Inc., 510 U.S. 17, 21, 114 S.Ct. 367, 126 L.Ed.2d 295 (1993) (citation omitted). Second, plaintiff must show that a specific basis exists for imputing to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 L. Ed. 2d 295", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_510/0017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce9346f8664695b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 13429, "end": 13441, "quote": "115 F.3d 143", "context": "ting to the CSLF the conduct that created the hostile work environment. Perry v. Ethan Allen, Inc., 115 F.3d 143, 149 (2d Cir.1997). “Isolated incidents, unless extremely serious, will not amount to discriminator", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 F.3d 143", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_115/0143_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "023582175e88a643", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 13653, "end": 13669, "quote": "18 F.Supp.2d 168", "context": " the terms and conditions of employment.” Edwards v. State of Connecticut Dep’t. Of Transportation, 18 F.Supp.2d 168, 175 (D.Conn.1998).\nIn the present case, plaintiff has failed to demonstrate any type of hostile wo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 F. Supp. 2d 168", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_18/0168_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06032548925e303b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 14290, "end": 14299, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " a matter of law to meet the standards of a hostile work environment claim. As noted earlier in his Title VII claim, plaintiff experienced no change in his duties or responsibilities and received regular pay r", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "461201a2efadd820", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_64/0064_01/index.html", "start": 14837, "end": 14846, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "e work environment.\nCONCLUSION\nPlaintiff cannot meet the burden of enumerating elements of either a Title VII race discrimination claim or a hostile work environment or retaliation claim. Accordingly, defendan", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0110144d551f0a23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 390, "end": 408, "quote": "629 F.Supp.2d 1091", "context": " 54(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, of the court’s April 22, 2009 Memorandum and Order, 629 F.Supp.2d 1091 (E.D.Cal.2009) (the “April 22 Order”), granting in part and denying in part the parties’ motions fo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "629 F. Supp. 2d 1091", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_629/1091_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7956a2cd2d07a158", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 1888, "end": 1891, "quote": "Id.", "context": "wide maximum on the number of Gaming Devices that all Compact Tribes may license in the aggregate. (Id.) This statewide maximum is determined by a formula set forth in the Compact. (Id.; PUF ¶ 3.) Specif", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0de5b963946256ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 1970, "end": 1973, "quote": "Id.", "context": "n the aggregate. (Id.) This statewide maximum is determined by a formula set forth in the Compact. (Id.; PUF ¶ 3.) Specifically, the Compact provides:\nThe maximum number of machines that all Compact Trib", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52368d329887af27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 2301, "end": 2315, "quote": "Section 4.3.1.", "context": "bes as of September 1, 1999, plus the difference between 350 and the lesser number authorized under Section 4.3.1.\n(Compact § 4.3.2.2(a)(1)). The parties disagreed over the total number of Gaming Device licenses au", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c826f0e07b187d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 2325, "end": 2340, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2(a)(1)", "context": "999, plus the difference between 350 and the lesser number authorized under Section 4.3.1.\n(Compact § 4.3.2.2(a)(1)). The parties disagreed over the total number of Gaming Device licenses authorized by this equation", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0bdd03abfc734852", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 3050, "end": 3053, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ing Committee (the “UTCSC”), which consisted of more than 60 tribes located throughout California. (Id.) Colusa’s counsel, George Forman, was one of the tribal attorneys designated to participate in nego", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac3a2b9a26438289", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 3203, "end": 3206, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tribal attorneys designated to participate in negotiations as a spokesperson for the UTCSC tribes. (Id. ¶ 6). Judge William A. Norris (“Norris”), then Special Counsel to Governor Davis for Tribal Affairs", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d915f60e31998046", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 3638, "end": 3641, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e of Governor Gray Davis, assisted with negotiations. (PUF ¶ 1).\nNegotiations began in April 1999. (Id. ¶ 7). On May 26,1999, Norris negotiated with the UTCSC regarding a discussion document prepared by ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cecf183cfc560d19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 3797, "end": 3800, "quote": "Id.", "context": "regarding a discussion document prepared by the state and submitted to the tribes on May 21, 1999. (Id. ¶¶ 8-9). During this negotiation, Norris conveyed the Governor’s concern about limiting growth. (Ex", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e8ea6279787ab27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 4074, "end": 4083, "quote": "Id. at 37", "context": "on behalf of the Governor, had “grave reservations, if not opposition, to a cap in the aggregate.” (Id. at 37:1-2). Negotiations continued throughout the summer of 1999. (Norris Deck ¶¶ 9-10). Norris asserts t", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "769e5707629567dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 4398, "end": 4401, "quote": "Id.", "context": "le to meet with every tribal representative who wanted to participate in the ongoing negotiations. (Id. ¶ 10).\nDuring the negotiating process, Norris asserts that he repeatedly advised the tribes and the", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea23f87ce3aa3cfb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 4633, "end": 4636, "quote": "Id.", "context": "p of 44,798 Gaming Devices, including those already in operation by tribes, could not be exceeded. (Id. ¶ 15). Wayne R. Mitchum, Chairman of the Colusa Indian Community Council at all relevant times, con", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de15ddd4115d2145", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 5295, "end": 5310, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2(a)(1)", "context": "bstantially more than 350 Gaming Devices prior to entering into a compact, Norris and Chang drafted § 4.3.2.2(a)(1), which sets forth an aggregate pool of available licenses. (Norris Deck ¶¶ 15-16). Meanwhile, the U", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "67820f6120383500", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 5693, "end": 5702, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2", "context": " gaming devices. (Mitchum Deck ¶ 12).\nOn September 9, 1999, Norris and Chang presented the draft of § 4.3.2.2 to a group of tribal attorneys who had played key roles in the negotiating process. (Id. ¶ 17). Whi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0b58b88d71c3942", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 5788, "end": 5791, "quote": "Id.", "context": "t of § 4.3.2.2 to a group of tribal attorneys who had played key roles in the negotiating process. (Id. ¶ 17). While one of these attorneys, Jerome Levine, was a tribal representative for the UTCSC, (Ex.", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0317c16527c00ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 6259, "end": 6262, "quote": "Id.", "context": "that no questions were asked concerning the number of Gaming Devices authorized under the compact. (Id.) Mitchum asserts that he heard tribal leaders and other representatives ask the State’s negotiators", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6a63e469042fca8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 6671, "end": 6674, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ing to accept the proposal. (Mitchum Decl. ¶ 13). This deadline was later extended until midnight. (Id.)\nOnce the State’s negotiators left the room, Mitchum participated in an extensive discussion with t", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "add6ff2ce2b74828", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 6873, "end": 6876, "quote": "Id.", "context": "the other tribal leaders and attorneys about how many Gaming Devices the proposed compact allowed. (Id. ¶ 17). Mitchum understood the compact to authorize approximately 56,000 Gaming Device licenses in a", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75b2337c0603a550", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 7028, "end": 7031, "quote": "Id.", "context": "approximately 56,000 Gaming Device licenses in addition to those already being operated by tribes. (Id.) Mitchum signed the required letter of intent on Colusa’s behalf before expiration of the deadline.", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "244cb04a8d7fbf63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 7133, "end": 7136, "quote": "Id.", "context": "Mitchum signed the required letter of intent on Colusa’s behalf before expiration of the deadline. (Id. ¶ 13).\nOn or about September 10, 1999, at the request of the Governor’s Press Office, Chang prepare", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0c2599f736b1f74", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 7531, "end": 7546, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2(a)(1)", "context": "). The Information Sheet was made available to the news media and described the purported intent of § 4.3.2.2(a)(1) of the Compact to authorize a total of 44,448 slot machines statewide, including those already in o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5bc32ca9102dd384", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 7991, "end": 8003, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2(a)", "context": " November 9, 1999, Elizabeth G. Hill (“Hill”), writing for the Legislative Analyst, determined that § 4.3.2.2(a) (1) authorized 60,000 machines in addition to those already in operation, for a total in excess of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29983421f3b59cb3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 8538, "end": 8553, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2(a)(1)", "context": " those authorized under the Compact and those in operation, based upon the proposed assumption that § 4.3.2.2(a)(1) applies only to [16] tribes. (Stip. R. at 64).\nBy a letter to Sides dated May 10, 2000, Norris and ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cf3525a0b126e8ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 9346, "end": 9355, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2", "context": "ct Tribes in the aggregate may operate pursuant to the licenses issued per the Tribal-State Compact § 4.3.2.2, is in excess of 113,000.” In the alternative, the letter stated that the parties needed to otherwi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9bc9c7b3296e50b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 10340, "end": 10350, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2.", "context": "Stip. R. at 87). In 2003, Colusa sought to negotiate with the state regarding its interpretation of § 4.3.2.2. (Stip. R. at 92-94).\n(April 22 Order.)\nAfter reviewing the submissions and arguments of the parties", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b8606679df002a95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 11648, "end": 11655, "quote": "§ 4.3.1", "context": "e Compact, which assumed “that uncompacted tribes have permanently waived their right under Compact § 4.3.1 to deploy up to 350 gaming devices following entry into a Compact with the State,” and the Commissi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "450ccf0e94e2d1de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 11829, "end": 11837, "quote": "§ 4.3.1.", "context": "e State,” and the Commission noted that such an interpretation contradicted the express language of § 4.3.1. As such, the court was not persuaded that defendants’ formulation was most reflective of the partie", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "46208fed75866398", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 13531, "end": 13546, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2(a)(1)", "context": "ions proffered by the parties, the alternative formulation most accurately followed the language of § 4.3.2.2(a)(1), giving the words their ordinary meaning. While both defendants’ and plaintiffs’ other formulations", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5aeb6d0a808718f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 15661, "end": 15674, "quote": "226 F.3d 1042", "context": "ught, the court has “inherent jurisdiction to modify, alter or revoke it.” United States v. Martin, 226 F.3d 1042, 1048-49 (9th Cir.2000). Generally stated, reconsideration is appropriate where there has been an i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "226 F.3d 1042", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_226/1042_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9f042c4e3a75a0ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 15987, "end": 15998, "quote": "5 F.3d 1255", "context": "r or prevent manifest injustice. See Sch. Dist. No. No.1J Multnomah County, Oregon v. ACandS, Inc., 5 F.3d 1255, 1263 (9th Cir.1993).\nIn the absence of new evidence or a change in the law, a party may not use a ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 F.3d 1255", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_5/1255_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eac8ee3391411119", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 16277, "end": 16289, "quote": "342 F.3d 934", "context": "irst time when it could reasonably have been raised earlier in the litigation. Carroll v. Nakatani, 342 F.3d 934, 945 (9th Cir.2003); see 389 Orange Street Partners v. Arnold, 179 F.3d 656, 665 (9th Cir.1999). Mo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "342 F.3d 934", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_342/0934_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "302cf6bbc570c204", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 16353, "end": 16365, "quote": "179 F.3d 656", "context": "n. Carroll v. Nakatani, 342 F.3d 934, 945 (9th Cir.2003); see 389 Orange Street Partners v. Arnold, 179 F.3d 656, 665 (9th Cir.1999). Motions to reconsider are also “not vehicles permitting the unsuccessful party", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "179 F.3d 656", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0656_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6a60c020543ba27d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 16537, "end": 16553, "quote": "972 F.Supp. 1296", "context": "tting the unsuccessful party to ‘rehash’ arguments previously presented.” United States v. Navarro, 972 F.Supp. 1296, 1299 (E.D.Cal.1997), rev’d on other grounds, 160 F.3d 1254 (9th Cir.1998). Ultimately, a party see", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "972 F. Supp. 1296", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_972/1296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce9915eb0671afc9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 16600, "end": 16613, "quote": "160 F.3d 1254", "context": "resented.” United States v. Navarro, 972 F.Supp. 1296, 1299 (E.D.Cal.1997), rev’d on other grounds, 160 F.3d 1254 (9th Cir.1998). Ultimately, a party seeking reconsideration must show “more than a disagreement wit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "160 F.3d 1254", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_160/1254_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "972e92b3d1b09ab1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 16929, "end": 16947, "quote": "134 F.Supp.2d 1111", "context": "riginal decision fails to carry the moving party’s burden.” United States v. Westlands Water Dist., 134 F.Supp.2d 1111, 1131 (E.D.Cal.2001).\nANALYSIS\nDefendants move for reconsideration of the court’s April 22 Order ba", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 F. Supp. 2d 1111", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_134/1111_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "338cf6b418990b81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 18778, "end": 18795, "quote": "134 F.Supp.2d at ", "context": " such material and controlling nature that it demands a probable change in the outcome.” Westlands, 134 F.Supp.2d at 1131 n. 45 (internal citations omitted). For purposes of a motion for reconsideration, evidence is n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "134 F. Supp. 2d 1111", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_134/1111_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8e1c914d304287c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 19050, "end": 19062, "quote": "833 F.2d 208", "context": "could have been discovered prior to the court’s ruling. Coastal Transfer Co. v. Toyota Motor Sales, 833 F.2d 208, 212 (9th Cir.1987); see Westlands, 134 F.Supp.2d at 1130. Further, it is well established that “th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "833 F.2d 208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_833/0208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00381b090f30968c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 19099, "end": 19120, "quote": "134 F.Supp.2d at 1130", "context": "uling. Coastal Transfer Co. v. Toyota Motor Sales, 833 F.2d 208, 212 (9th Cir.1987); see Westlands, 134 F.Supp.2d at 1130. Further, it is well established that “the failure to file documents in an original motion or oppos", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "134 F. Supp. 2d 1111", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_134/1111_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "94d9da887933cd60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 19316, "end": 19329, "quote": "182 F.3d 1124", "context": "pposition does not turn the late filed documents in ‘newly discovered evidence.’ ” Shalit v. Coppe, 182 F.3d 1124, 1132 (9th Cir.1999) (quoting Sch. Dist. No. 1J, Multnomah County v. ACandS, Inc., 5 F.3d 1255, 126", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "182 F.3d 1124", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_182/1124_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "14c0b6bbacf41959", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 19413, "end": 19424, "quote": "5 F.3d 1255", "context": "e, 182 F.3d 1124, 1132 (9th Cir.1999) (quoting Sch. Dist. No. 1J, Multnomah County v. ACandS, Inc., 5 F.3d 1255, 1263 (9th Cir.1993)); see Hopkins v. Andaya, 958 F.2d 881, 887 n. 5 (9th Cir.1992) (“A defeated li", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 F.3d 1255", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_5/1255_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ddd5988b0b61c626", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 19471, "end": 19483, "quote": "958 F.2d 881", "context": "No. 1J, Multnomah County v. ACandS, Inc., 5 F.3d 1255, 1263 (9th Cir.1993)); see Hopkins v. Andaya, 958 F.2d 881, 887 n. 5 (9th Cir.1992) (“A defeated litigant cannot set aside a judgment because he failed to pre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "958 F.2d 881", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_958/0881_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d9c8f8461b1e667e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 20542, "end": 20545, "quote": "Id.", "context": "9, ¶ 2.) Hard copies of all the documents listed in the disclosure statement were sent to Kaufman. (Id.) Subsequently, on March 16, 2007, the September 8, 1999 letter was listed in a filing with the Unit", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7ecc0edd398fc72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 20834, "end": 20837, "quote": "Id.", "context": " “Proposed Documents for Administrative Record”; this filing was electronically served on Kaufman. (Id. ¶¶ 4-5.) Neither the January 23, 2006 documents nor the March 16, 2007 documents were returned to R", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "963a77097ef68d24", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 20977, "end": 20980, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ocuments nor the March 16, 2007 documents were returned to Rincon as undelivered or undeliverable. (Id. ¶ 6.) Rather, defendants admit that the September 8, 1999 letter was present in these two document ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e1d1449ef0fb6bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 22156, "end": 22171, "quote": "2009 WL 1946744", "context": "nd Transfer to the E.D. Cal., Rincon Band of Luiseno Mission Indians v. Schwarzenegger, 04-CV-1151, 2009 WL 1946744 [Docket #243], filed Jan. 16, 2009.) Defendants argued that severance and transfer was warranted be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2009 WL 1946744", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "269ea58cf8710391", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 22477, "end": 22485, "quote": "Id. at 4", "context": "ffs’ action “would avoid parallel proceedings on the same claim before different district judges.” (Id. at 4, 10-11) (“Indeed the factual and legal issues in the Colusa[] Tribe’s challenge to the size of the ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2d932ba624470ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 26680, "end": 26692, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2(a)", "context": "issue.\nSecond, in their motion for summary judgment, defendants did not dispute that the meaning of § 4.3.2.2(a) was unclear and susceptible to varying interpretations. (April 22 Order at 38.) Nothing in the Sept", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "458c3ef082a40a3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_649/1063_01/index.html", "start": 27101, "end": 27116, "quote": "§ 4.3.2.2(a)(1)", "context": "rth above, the court held that the alternative formulation most accurately followed the language of § 4.3.2.2(a)(1) and gave words their ordinary meaning. This construction was also consistent with the underlying pu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dca1a314ee79c8e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 746, "end": 765, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 20.106.", "context": " for the following reasons.\nA. Motion for Judgment as a Matter of Law.\n(1) Evidence of violation of 10 C.F.R. § 20.106.\nTurning first to Defendants’ Motion for Judgment as a Matter of Law, Defendants argue that they are", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6425f055ad4b083f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 1012, "end": 1031, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 20.106.", "context": "e Plaintiffs produced no admissible evidence that the concentrations of uranium in the air violated 10 C.F.R. § 20.106.\nPrior to trial, Defendants filed a Motion for Summary Judgment concerning this very issue. They arg", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "92cc2bf46b479295", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 1234, "end": 1242, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": " that Plaintiffs had produced no evidence pre-trial that releases from the Apollo facility violated § 20.106 at the boundary of the restricted area and that, therefore, Plaintiffs would be unable to prove a v", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "205b165102cfd801", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 1412, "end": 1421, "quote": "§ 20.106.", "context": "s would be unable to prove a violation of the federal standard of care, i.e., the limits imposed by § 20.106. In the Opinion denying Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment, the Magistrate Judge (whose Opinion", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "beacaf6f73de0633", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 1647, "end": 1655, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "ernal documents from Defendants’ files which created a genuine issue of material fact as to whether § 20.106 had been violated. At trial, these same documents and others were introduced, as well as other evid", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2fa5a7c3a73bdc8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 1838, "end": 1856, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 20.106", "context": "ell as other evidence, from which a jury could find a violation of the applicable standard of care.\n10 C.F.R. § 20.106 provides as follows:\na) Licensees “shall not possess, use, or transfer licensed material so as to r", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "10 C.F.R. § 20.106", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "169656ed8885f2a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 2131, "end": 2139, "quote": "§ 20.302", "context": " exceed the limits specified in appendix B, Table II of this part, except as authorized pursuant to § 20.302 or paragraph (b) of this section. For purposes of this section concentrations may be averaged over ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7319ce2d717afa70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 3783, "end": 3792, "quote": "§ 20.106.", "context": "ring the trial, there was no lack of evidence from Plaintiffs’ experts that Defendants had violated § 20.106. The testimony of Dr. Egilman, Mr. Franke and Dr. Makhijani repeatedly offered opinions that § 20.10", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a9f006401832010", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 3885, "end": 3893, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "20.106. The testimony of Dr. Egilman, Mr. Franke and Dr. Makhijani repeatedly offered opinions that § 20.106 had been violated by Defendants. Dr. Egilman’s expert report, produced pre-trial, contained numerou", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de6277fc75c4d87d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 4340, "end": 4348, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "t the stacks and at the roof edges. He did however, see sufficient data to enable him to opine that § 20.106 was violated. N.T. (8/19) 6: 107, 113,117,120. Dr. Makhijani testified as to Defendants’ noncomplia", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65ae0e538ccd75a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 4749, "end": 4758, "quote": "§ 20.106.", "context": "heless, he, too, stated that what data existed was sufficient to determine that Defendants violated § 20.106. N.T. (8/12)2: 173.\nFurthermore, Defendants’ internal documents, produced pre-trial, were also intro", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5efe09504df5e2ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 5202, "end": 5221, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 20.106.", "context": "f radioactive materials through the stacks to unrestricted areas in amounts exceeding the limits of 10 C.F.R. § 20.106.\nPlaintiffs’ Exhibit 4, a letter from NU-MEC Health and Safety Manager R.V. Barry to the AEC, admits", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "57f022d069a5fb86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 5337, "end": 5345, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "ibit 4, a letter from NU-MEC Health and Safety Manager R.V. Barry to the AEC, admits a violation of § 20.106 “at the property line when the winds are from the south quadrant.” Plaintiffs’ Exhibits 47, 51, 52,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d3660ec161336b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 5635, "end": 5644, "quote": "§ 20.106.", "context": "1967 and March 1968, all of which indicate releases into unrestricted areas exceeding the limits of § 20.106.\nThe thrust of Defendants’ arguments, therefore, is not that there was no evidence of violations of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9a39897207ed6a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 5744, "end": 5752, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "\nThe thrust of Defendants’ arguments, therefore, is not that there was no evidence of violations of § 20.106, but, rather, as Plaintiffs point out, that there was no admissible evidence of such. Defendants ar", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "26b83d2228455104", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 6089, "end": 6098, "quote": "§ 20.106.", "context": "ea and that no measurements were taken at the boundary of the restricted area, the site governed by § 20.106. Defendants contend that the failure of Plaintiffs’ experts to do a dispersion analysis renders thei", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f59dda988231192", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 6222, "end": 6230, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": " the failure of Plaintiffs’ experts to do a dispersion analysis renders their testimony relating to § 20.106 inadmissible. Notably, Defendants do not discuss the internal documents which express the conclusio", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3273bb6f9d739afb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 6337, "end": 6345, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "ssible. Notably, Defendants do not discuss the internal documents which express the conclusion that § 20.106 was violated based on measurements of stack emissions into unrestricted areas.\nAfter reviewing agai", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "143587fccfc9553c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 7073, "end": 7081, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": " then there can be no question of the sufficiency of evidence at trial to support a conclusion that § 20.106 was violated. While it may be true that the NRC has clarified that limits for radioactive emissions", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70e4a0768dd0c9d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 7526, "end": 7534, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "’ expert witnesses all were sufficient admissible evidence and supported the jury’s conclusion that § 20.106 was violated.\nFurthermore, since it was without dispute that Defendants’ monitoring was inadequate,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ad4e63e1ec9132f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 8836, "end": 8848, "quote": "128 F.3d 802", "context": "ible alternate causes. As set forth by the Court of Appeals in Kannankeril v. Terminix Int’l, Inc., 128 F.3d 802 (3d Cir.1997) and In re Paoli Railroad Yard PCB Litig. (“Paoli II”), 35 F.3d 717 (3d Cir. 1994), th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "128 F.3d 802", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_128/0802_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8a1c725720460402", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 8918, "end": 8929, "quote": "35 F.3d 717", "context": "inix Int’l, Inc., 128 F.3d 802 (3d Cir.1997) and In re Paoli Railroad Yard PCB Litig. (“Paoli II”), 35 F.3d 717 (3d Cir. 1994), the admissibility requirements of causation testimony in this case were met. Dr. Ra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "35 F.3d 717", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_35/0717_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ddbaebfb2e9cf84a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 12070, "end": 12087, "quote": "443 Pa.Super. 245", "context": "ressed in precisely the language used to enunciate the legal standard. Hoffman v. Brandywine Hosp., 443 Pa.Super. 245, 661 A.2d 397 (1995). In fact, a reviewing court is required to consider expert testimony in its en", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "443 Pa. Super. 245", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd804da45e87b2ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 12089, "end": 12101, "quote": "661 A.2d 397", "context": " the language used to enunciate the legal standard. Hoffman v. Brandywine Hosp., 443 Pa.Super. 245, 661 A.2d 397 (1995). In fact, a reviewing court is required to consider expert testimony in its entirety to dete", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "661 A.2d 397", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6196a1b011d2c683", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 12323, "end": 12336, "quote": "472 A.2d 1149", "context": "on has been expressed with a reasonable degree of medical certainty. McCann v. Amy Joy Donut Shops, 472 A.2d 1149, 1151, 325 Pa.Super. 340 (1984).\nAfter reviewing the record and, in particular, the testimony of Dr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "472 A.2d 1149", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5dbec7c15d087fce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 12344, "end": 12361, "quote": "325 Pa.Super. 340", "context": " with a reasonable degree of medical certainty. McCann v. Amy Joy Donut Shops, 472 A.2d 1149, 1151, 325 Pa.Super. 340 (1984).\nAfter reviewing the record and, in particular, the testimony of Drs. Radford and Melius as ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "325 Pa. Super. 340", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c8ee3aa61692712", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 21759, "end": 21771, "quote": "509 U.S. 579", "context": " to the opinion of the United States Supreme Court in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579, 113 S.Ct. 2786, 125 L.Ed.2d 469 (1993). This Court is guided by the principles set forth in Dauber", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "509 U.S. 579", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_509/0579_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e462f879b4bbdd77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 21773, "end": 21787, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 2786", "context": "n of the United States Supreme Court in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579, 113 S.Ct. 2786, 125 L.Ed.2d 469 (1993). This Court is guided by the principles set forth in Daubert, and by the Th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 2786", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_509/0579_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bb85032b2e896941", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 21789, "end": 21804, "quote": "125 L.Ed.2d 469", "context": "States Supreme Court in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579, 113 S.Ct. 2786, 125 L.Ed.2d 469 (1993). This Court is guided by the principles set forth in Daubert, and by the Third Circuit Court", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "125 L. Ed. 2d 469", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_509/0579_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "16314d1f808f8b04", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 21953, "end": 21964, "quote": "35 F.3d 717", "context": "et forth in Daubert, and by the Third Circuit Court of Appeals in In re Paoli R.R. Yard PCB Litig., 35 F.3d 717 (3d Cir.1994). These cases require that the proponent of evidence show that experts’ conclusions ha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "35 F.3d 717", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_35/0717_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "79e634262882fa37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 22568, "end": 22586, "quote": "509 U.S. at 593-94", "context": "ards controlling the technique’s opera-. tion, and acceptance in the relevant scientific community, 509 U.S. at 593-94, 113 S.Ct. 2786. In Paoli II, the Court of Appeals set forth three (3) additional factors for court", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "509 U.S. 579", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_509/0579_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6bfb679716a77918", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 22588, "end": 22602, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 2786", "context": " technique’s opera-. tion, and acceptance in the relevant scientific community, 509 U.S. at 593-94, 113 S.Ct. 2786. In Paoli II, the Court of Appeals set forth three (3) additional factors for courts to consider, i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 2786", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_509/0579_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ced4fc10cf29fe60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 22910, "end": 22924, "quote": "35 F.3d at 742", "context": "hed modes of scientific analysis, and the non-judicial uses to which the scientific output are put. 35 F.3d at 742.\nPrior to the inception of trial, I conducted a careful review of Defendants’ Motions in Limine, Pl", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "35 F.3d 717", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_35/0717_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "72d0c0f7dd2bf7af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 28942, "end": 28948, "quote": "supra.", "context": "recognized as a technique from which reliable opinions may be formulated. Paoli II and Kannankeril, supra. Therefore, in reviewing Radford’s proffered testimony, as set forth in his pretrial report, my pre-", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "128 F.3d 802", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_128/0802_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1e7313170c10012", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 39197, "end": 39200, "quote": "Id.", "context": "results, it is a method that involves assessing causation with respect to a particular individual.” Id. As a result, no particular combination of techniques chosen by a doctor evaluating an individual pa", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "128 F.3d 802", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_128/0802_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa91fc0f437ef1eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 39388, "end": 39391, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ndividual patient is likely to have been accepted, published, or subjected to peer review analysis. Id. Therefore, the Court decided that “performance of physical examinations, taking of medical historie", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "128 F.3d 802", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_128/0802_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7aa5a239c9cfc3b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 39701, "end": 39704, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nosis, and that their absence makes it much less likely that a differential diagnosis is reliable.” Id. (see Also Hines v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 926 F.2d 262 (3d Cir.1991)).\nWhile the Paoli II court h", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "128 F.3d 802", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_128/0802_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ae39eb40dbd94ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 39749, "end": 39761, "quote": "926 F.2d 262", "context": " likely that a differential diagnosis is reliable.” Id. (see Also Hines v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 926 F.2d 262 (3d Cir.1991)).\nWhile the Paoli II court held that a doctor does not always have to employ all of t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "926 F.2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_926/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7647cc2765b2d529", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 40659, "end": 40671, "quote": "128 F.3d 802", "context": "ther a physical test or medical records will suffice for this.” Kannankeril v. Terminix Int., Inc., 128 F.3d 802, 807 (3rd Cir.1997) citing Paoli II at 762.\nAs I have reviewed Dr. Melius’s methodology as set fort", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "128 F.3d 802", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_128/0802_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5743a0e7ded50ce9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 42743, "end": 42762, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 20.105.", "context": "intiffs have no need to introduce dupli-cative evidence and Defendants will suffer no surprise.\n(4) 10 C.F.R. § 20.105.\nDefendants also contend that a new trial is required because the Court erred in instructing the jur", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6e89f0f1cffb485", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 42901, "end": 42920, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 20.105.", "context": "al is required because the Court erred in instructing the jury and admitting evidence pertaining to 10 C.F.R. § 20.105. 10 C.F.R. § 20.105 provides:\n10 C.F.R. 20.105: Applications for licenses to possess, use or transfe", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc7d4c010568d448", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 42921, "end": 42939, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 20.105", "context": "se the Court erred in instructing the jury and admitting evidence pertaining to 10 C.F.R. § 20.105. 10 C.F.R. § 20.105 provides:\n10 C.F.R. 20.105: Applications for licenses to possess, use or transfer special nuclear m", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "10 C.F.R. § 20.105", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e47206f2607be1f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 42950, "end": 42966, "quote": "10 C.F.R. 20.105", "context": "ting the jury and admitting evidence pertaining to 10 C.F.R. § 20.105. 10 C.F.R. § 20.105 provides:\n10 C.F.R. 20.105: Applications for licenses to possess, use or transfer special nuclear materials will be approved o", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "694d2949b1ee70b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 43868, "end": 43876, "quote": "§ 20.105", "context": "receiving a dose in excess of 100 millirems in any seven consecutive days.”\nDefendants contend that § 20.105 was irrelevant to Plaintiffs’ claims because it concerns restrictions on the levels of direct radia", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a9357a7fe41f1018", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 44217, "end": 44225, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "concerned with whether the concentration of uranium at the boundary of the restricted area violated § 20.106 and claimed injuries only from violation of § 20.106.\nPlaintiffs rely exclusively on the language c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7656cee6e5bc6a2e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 44270, "end": 44279, "quote": "§ 20.106.", "context": "t the boundary of the restricted area violated § 20.106 and claimed injuries only from violation of § 20.106.\nPlaintiffs rely exclusively on the language contained in In re TMI, 67 F.3d 1103 (3d Cir.1995) in w", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a4d1c239025d736", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 44348, "end": 44360, "quote": "67 F.3d 1103", "context": "nly from violation of § 20.106.\nPlaintiffs rely exclusively on the language contained in In re TMI, 67 F.3d 1103 (3d Cir.1995) in which the Court of Appeals held that the federal standard of care in public liabil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 F.3d 1103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_67/1103_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ccb27629ea733486", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 44488, "end": 44496, "quote": "§ 20.105", "context": "Court of Appeals held that the federal standard of care in public liability actions was governed by § 20.105 and § 20.106 and that “the duty of care is measured by whether Defendants released radiation in exc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aab74fdc9b7b6a3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 44501, "end": 44509, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "als held that the federal standard of care in public liability actions was governed by § 20.105 and § 20.106 and that “the duty of care is measured by whether Defendants released radiation in excess of the le", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d317bf23e8989f6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 44627, "end": 44636, "quote": "§§ 20.105", "context": "y of care is measured by whether Defendants released radiation in excess of the levels permitted by §§ 20.105 or 20.106, as measured at the boundary of the facility_” Id. at p. 1117-18.\nAdmittedly, Plaintiffs ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "104393aa701e1820", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 44694, "end": 44711, "quote": "Id. at p. 1117-18", "context": "xcess of the levels permitted by §§ 20.105 or 20.106, as measured at the boundary of the facility_” Id. at p. 1117-18.\nAdmittedly, Plaintiffs claimed no injuries from violation of § 20.105. Given that admission, I do ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f758e661207225d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 44774, "end": 44783, "quote": "§ 20.105.", "context": "y of the facility_” Id. at p. 1117-18.\nAdmittedly, Plaintiffs claimed no injuries from violation of § 20.105. Given that admission, I do not now read In re TMI, swpra, to require no connection between a regula", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "afe860ba13e9b80b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 45143, "end": 45152, "quote": "§§ 20.105", "context": " wherein Plaintiffs claimed injury resulting from exposure to radiation levels in violation of both §§ 20.105 and 20.106. There must be a causal relationship between the injuries allegedly sustained and the vi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4bcd29e75b1f1737", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 45400, "end": 45408, "quote": "§ 20.105", "context": "nnection to Plaintiffs’ injuries, without any evidence introduced by Plaintiffs that a violation of § 20.105 was a substantial factor in causing Plaintiffs’ injuries, any consideration of a violation of § 20.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01dc2cd08237cb97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 45503, "end": 45511, "quote": "§ 20.105", "context": "0.105 was a substantial factor in causing Plaintiffs’ injuries, any consideration of a violation of § 20.105 was irrelevant. The Third Circuit’s holding In re TMI, does not mandate otherwise. In In re TMI, th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66326cb6b552d6a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 46031, "end": 46042, "quote": "TMI at 1118", "context": "Court continued, “Plaintiffs must still prove causation and damages before they may recover.” In re TMI at 1118. Plaintiffs presented no evidence of any connection between their injuries and a violation of § 20.", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": "67 F.3d 1103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_67/1103_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2468f12648dae90f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 46137, "end": 46146, "quote": "§ 20.105.", "context": " 1118. Plaintiffs presented no evidence of any connection between their injuries and a violation of § 20.105. At the new trial, no evidence concerning violation of § 20.105 will be admitted and no jury instruc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bab1360166c02cef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 46201, "end": 46209, "quote": "§ 20.105", "context": "n their injuries and a violation of § 20.105. At the new trial, no evidence concerning violation of § 20.105 will be admitted and no jury instruction on § 20.105 as an applicable standard of care will be give", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cbe9080404327cb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 46254, "end": 46262, "quote": "§ 20.105", "context": "new trial, no evidence concerning violation of § 20.105 will be admitted and no jury instruction on § 20.105 as an applicable standard of care will be given.\n(5) Instructions as to 10 C.F.R. § 20.106.\nDefenda", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed08aa3dbf07d80b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 46335, "end": 46354, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 20.106.", "context": "ury instruction on § 20.105 as an applicable standard of care will be given.\n(5) Instructions as to 10 C.F.R. § 20.106.\nDefendants allege that a new trial is required because the content of the Court’s instructions to t", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d06ce508f40f2c08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 46472, "end": 46480, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": " that a new trial is required because the content of the Court’s instructions to the jury regarding § 20.106 was error. Specifically, Defendants contend that by reading and submitting all of § 20.106 to the j", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f2641ac3bc35d65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 46563, "end": 46571, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "egarding § 20.106 was error. Specifically, Defendants contend that by reading and submitting all of § 20.106 to the jury, the jury was misled and confused in that they were not instructed as to the regulation", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ed71504c78882fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 46827, "end": 46838, "quote": "§ 20.106(b)", "context": "le subsections.\nI disagree with Defendants’ assertions that the jury was misled by the inclusion of § 20.106(b) and (c). Although inclusion of the entire regulation might not have been necessary, any error in th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b92fae8193821ca5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 47008, "end": 47019, "quote": "§ 20.106(b)", "context": "een necessary, any error in that regard is clearly harmless. Defendants argue that the inclusion of § 20.106(b) and (c) likely led the jury to adopt an ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) standard when asses", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1be84f5e9310acaf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 47688, "end": 47696, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "he record to support such speculation.\nAs to any failure to instruct the jury on the requirement of § 20.106 for annual averaging at the boundary, the language of the regulation adequately explains how determ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94bb14a517503731", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 48149, "end": 48157, "quote": "§ 20.106", "context": "ion of Plaintiffs’ experts. The jury had adequate information to make a determination as to whether § 20.106 was violated.\n(6) Concurrent Cause.\nDefendants next contend that a new trial must be granted due to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d72f7a93e4b1f792", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 53957, "end": 53965, "quote": "§ 20.105", "context": "ions and employee exposures. Since I have previously determined that any reference to violations of § 20.105 should not be included in a new trial, then evidence of liquid waste emissions can have no relevanc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4b38732ff327a097", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 54190, "end": 54199, "quote": "§ 20.106.", "context": " of employee overexposures has no relevance to any claims made by Plaintiffs based on violations of § 20.106.\nAs to MUF, however, the admission of that evidence was relevant to Defendants’ violation of § 20.10", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31ae94898b2e4890", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 54292, "end": 54301, "quote": "§ 20.106.", "context": "20.106.\nAs to MUF, however, the admission of that evidence was relevant to Defendants’ violation of § 20.106. Both Dr. Egilman and Mr. Franke testified that Defendants’ inability to account for radioactive mat", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52bc0c723843b4f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 55304, "end": 55313, "quote": "§ 20.106.", "context": " involving common questions of law or fact. In every instance a Plaintiff must prove a violation of § 20.106. This determination, in itself, would be sufficient to support consolidation.\nTo agree with Defendan", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f792340a9b0613ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 58358, "end": 58369, "quote": "538 Pa. 219", "context": "he parents of a deceased child have sustained as a result of their child’s death. Kiser v. Schulte, 538 Pa. 219, 648 A.2d 1, 4 (1994). The measure of damages that can be awarded in a survival action include, amo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "538 Pa. 219", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d88cb164eac11666", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 58371, "end": 58381, "quote": "648 A.2d 1", "context": " a deceased child have sustained as a result of their child’s death. Kiser v. Schulte, 538 Pa. 219, 648 A.2d 1, 4 (1994). The measure of damages that can be awarded in a survival action include, among other thi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "648 A.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9223c2a3f531d115", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 58521, "end": 58529, "quote": "Id. at 4", "context": "can be awarded in a survival action include, among other things, the decedent’s pain and suffering. Id. at 4, 538 Pa. 219. No damages are awardable for the parents’ anguish. Thus, any testimony concerning the", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "648 A.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd064b7603c04ccd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_69/0716_01/index.html", "start": 58531, "end": 58542, "quote": "538 Pa. 219", "context": "rded in a survival action include, among other things, the decedent’s pain and suffering. Id. at 4, 538 Pa. 219. No damages are awardable for the parents’ anguish. Thus, any testimony concerning the Halls’ menta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "538 Pa. 219", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2affbdf485a701ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 101, "end": 117, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "context": "RULING AND ORDER\nMARK R. KRAVITZ, District Judge.\nThis is a civil rights action brought pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for alleged violations of the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, as well as", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1983/title42_sec1983_3595ea1c3dc2/1983_civil_action_for_deprivation_of_rights_every_person_who_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4050ad4af0d3e070", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 928, "end": 945, "quote": "567 F.Supp.2d 320", "context": "miliarity with the facts, which have been discussed at length previously. See Hernandez v. Carbone, 567 F.Supp.2d 320, 325-27 (D.Conn.2008). This suit was brought by Roberto Hernandez against the City of Hartford; the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "567 F. Supp. 2d 320", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_567/0320_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "85586661783bef93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 1767, "end": 1787, "quote": "567 F.Supp.2d at 333", "context": "s to Connecticut’s bail system under the federal and state constitutions. See Hernandez v. Carbone, 567 F.Supp.2d at 333. The remaining Defendants have now moved for summary judgment on the sixteen other claims, see Defs", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "567 F. Supp. 2d 320", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_567/0320_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06c6fbd4496796f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 2852, "end": 2858, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "nreasonable search and seizure claim against Officer Liappes and Detective Koch brought pursuant to § 1983; Counts Two and Three, which are Fourth Amendment false arrest and malicious prosecution claims, re", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ab08629f5cb8ebe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 2989, "end": 2995, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "re Fourth Amendment false arrest and malicious prosecution claims, respectively, both brought under § 1983 against Officer DiBattista; Counts Eight and Nine, which are claims of common law recklessness or n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93614a826ad74cd5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 3330, "end": 3351, "quote": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52", "context": "iappes, and Detective Koch; Count Ten, which seeks to hold the City of Hartford liable, pursuant to Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-557n, for the actions of the other Defendants; and Count Fourteen, which would force the City of Ha", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50e09392c917f954", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 3347, "end": 3356, "quote": "§ 52-557n", "context": "tive Koch; Count Ten, which seeks to hold the City of Hartford liable, pursuant to Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-557n, for the actions of the other Defendants; and Count Fourteen, which would force the City of Hartfor", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c7cb67342c16a00e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 3465, "end": 3489, "quote": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 7-465", "context": " actions of the other Defendants; and Count Fourteen, which would force the City of Hartford, under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 7-465, to indemnify the other Defendants for any sum they would become legally obligated to pay to Mr. He", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 7-465", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22acc72f6718efd5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 4210, "end": 4223, "quote": "2006 WL 62833", "context": " be discussed at length here. See, e.g., Cuttino v. Genesis Health Ventures, Inc., No.04cv575(MRK), 2006 WL 62833, at *1 (D.Conn. Jan. 11, 2006). In short, the purpose of summary judgment is not to resolve any fac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2006 WL 62833", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7457c447c17bdc41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 4583, "end": 4597, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "uld return a verdict for the nonmoving party.” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., m U.S. 242, 251-52, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). The burden is on the moving party to show that there are no disputed issues", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6284a9a5783aebde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 4599, "end": 4613, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": "dict for the nonmoving party.” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., m U.S. 242, 251-52, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). The burden is on the moving party to show that there are no disputed issues of material fac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "51fc9b3797227486", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 4746, "end": 4758, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": "ing party to show that there are no disputed issues of material fact. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323-25, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). Once that burden has been met, in order to defeat s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90844478354af359", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 4768, "end": 4782, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": " there are no disputed issues of material fact. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323-25, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). Once that burden has been met, in order to defeat summary judgment the non-", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31367e56f4b40470", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 4784, "end": 4798, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": "sputed issues of material fact. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323-25, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). Once that burden has been met, in order to defeat summary judgment the non-moving party mus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ad5004810f02b75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 5122, "end": 5134, "quote": "475 U.S. 574", "context": "ute of material fact. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(e); Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986).\nIII.\nThe Supreme Court held in 1978 that municipalitie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "353dcafe42d4049d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 5141, "end": 5155, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "t. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(e); Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986).\nIII.\nThe Supreme Court held in 1978 that municipalities can be sued under §", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "acff5059bbb0dc4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 5157, "end": 5171, "quote": "89 L.Ed.2d 538", "context": "iv. P. 56(e); Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986).\nIII.\nThe Supreme Court held in 1978 that municipalities can be sued under § 1983 for the co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 2d 538", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10bc6215d31adb3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 5254, "end": 5260, "quote": "§ 1983", "context": "8, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986).\nIII.\nThe Supreme Court held in 1978 that municipalities can be sued under § 1983 for the constitutional violations of their employees if those actions occurred pursuant to policy, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ec09421bfed0911", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 5418, "end": 5430, "quote": "436 U.S. 658", "context": "hose actions occurred pursuant to policy, practice or custom. See Monell v. Dep’t of Social Servs., 436 U.S. 658, 692, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); see also Ricciuti v. New York City Transit Authority, 9", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "436 U.S. 658", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8621d8bc61446f46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 5437, "end": 5450, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 2018", "context": "ed pursuant to policy, practice or custom. See Monell v. Dep’t of Social Servs., 436 U.S. 658, 692, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); see also Ricciuti v. New York City Transit Authority, 941 F.2d 119, 122 (2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 2018", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d37416ec8de1f34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 5452, "end": 5466, "quote": "56 L.Ed.2d 611", "context": "policy, practice or custom. See Monell v. Dep’t of Social Servs., 436 U.S. 658, 692, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); see also Ricciuti v. New York City Transit Authority, 941 F.2d 119, 122 (2d Cir.1991). To s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 L. Ed. 2d 611", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc1d497d210a4584", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 5529, "end": 5541, "quote": "941 F.2d 119", "context": "8, 692, 98 S.Ct. 2018, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); see also Ricciuti v. New York City Transit Authority, 941 F.2d 119, 122 (2d Cir.1991). To succeed on a so-called “Monell claim,” plaintiffs must show that the officia", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "941 F.2d 119", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_941/0119_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dd57772d1121318e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 5757, "end": 5767, "quote": "827 F.2d 1", "context": "ce or custom was the “moving force [behind] the constitutional violation,” Dodd v. City of Norwich, 827 F.2d 1, 5 (2d Cir.1987), which is to say that it actually caused the constitutional deprivation. See Thoma", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "827 F.2d 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_827/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4526564514f1ba19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 5879, "end": 5891, "quote": "165 F.3d 137", "context": "1987), which is to say that it actually caused the constitutional deprivation. See Thomas v. Roach, 165 F.3d 137,146 (2d Cir.1999).\nIn this case, Mr. Hernandez has alleged that his rights under the Fourth and Fou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 F.3d 137", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_165/0137_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c13c01f83f3a5c95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 6464, "end": 6475, "quote": "478 F.3d 76", "context": "ures, exhibited “deliberate indifference” to the rights of others. See Jenkins v. City of New York, 478 F.3d 76, 94-95 (2d Cir.2007) (discussing failure to train); Reynolds v. Giuliani, 506 F.3d 183, 191-93 (2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "478 F.3d 76", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_478/0076_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2ac5658216cf538d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 6550, "end": 6562, "quote": "506 F.3d 183", "context": " of New York, 478 F.3d 76, 94-95 (2d Cir.2007) (discussing failure to train); Reynolds v. Giuliani, 506 F.3d 183, 191-93 (2d Cir.2007) (discussing failure to supervise). The Second Circuit has identified three re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "506 F.3d 183", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_506/0183_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8d388ad421d1471f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 7271, "end": 7285, "quote": "478 F.3d at 94", "context": " city employee will frequently cause the deprivation of a citizen’s constitutional rights.\nJenkins, 478 F.3d at 94 (citations omitted). “In addition” — and dispositive of Mr. Hernandez’s Monell claim here — “at the", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "478 F.3d 76", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_478/0076_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3e80e264f1f73766", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 7626, "end": 7629, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ely related to the ultimate injury, such that it actually caused the constitutional deprivation.’ ” Id. (quoting Green v. City of New York, 465 F.3d 65, 81 (2d Cir.2006)).\nIn this case, Mr. Hernandez rel", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "478 F.3d 76", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_478/0076_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5733556631bfd83b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 7666, "end": 7677, "quote": "465 F.3d 65", "context": " that it actually caused the constitutional deprivation.’ ” Id. (quoting Green v. City of New York, 465 F.3d 65, 81 (2d Cir.2006)).\nIn this case, Mr. Hernandez relies heavily on the report of his expert, Lou Rei", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "465 F.3d 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fcdd10caff6ce0f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 8296, "end": 8310, "quote": "478 F.3d at 95", "context": "sion of police officers. But the Second Circuit has made clear that this he cannot do. See Jenkins, 478 F.3d at 95 (“Jenkins’ personal experience, -without more, is insufficient to prove ‘deliberate indifference’ o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "478 F.3d 76", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_478/0076_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b5f455a49d6d71c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 8453, "end": 8470, "quote": "465 F.3d at 81-82", "context": "ore, is insufficient to prove ‘deliberate indifference’ on the part of the City.”); see also Green, 465 F.3d at 81-82. Instead, Mr. Hernandez must identify specific aspects of the City’s training program or supervisio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "465 F.3d 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55d232b055911fec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 9370, "end": 9384, "quote": "478 F.3d at 95", "context": " not inadequate merely because a few of its graduates deviate from what they were taught.” Jenkins, 478 F.3d at 95. Even “[a] pattern of misconduct, while perhaps suggestive of inadequate training, is not enough to", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "478 F.3d 76", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_478/0076_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa94ac3e132638f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 9597, "end": 9609, "quote": "577 F.3d 415", "context": "able issue of fact on a failure-to-train theory.” Okin v. Vill. of Cornwall-On-Hudson Police Dep’t, 577 F.3d 415, 440 (2d Cir.2009). Rather, Mr. Hernandez “must offer evidence to support the conclusion that the t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "577 F.3d 415", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_577/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fccbfcc014feaf44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 9991, "end": 10001, "quote": "Id. at 440", "context": " and that a ‘hypothetically well-trained officer’ would have avoided the constitutional violation.” Id. at 440-41 (quoting City of Canton v. Harris, 489 U.S. 378, 390-91, 109 S.Ct. 1197, 103 L.Ed.2d 412 (1989))", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_577/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "320e0f70d6c9ddaf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 10040, "end": 10052, "quote": "489 U.S. 378", "context": " would have avoided the constitutional violation.” Id. at 440-41 (quoting City of Canton v. Harris, 489 U.S. 378, 390-91, 109 S.Ct. 1197, 103 L.Ed.2d 412 (1989)). Mr. Hernandez has failed to offer such evidence h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "489 U.S. 378", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c48e5dd048898a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 10062, "end": 10076, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 1197", "context": "e constitutional violation.” Id. at 440-41 (quoting City of Canton v. Harris, 489 U.S. 378, 390-91, 109 S.Ct. 1197, 103 L.Ed.2d 412 (1989)). Mr. Hernandez has failed to offer such evidence here, and therefore the C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 1197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6db40dbfd30b1871", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 10078, "end": 10093, "quote": "103 L.Ed.2d 412", "context": " violation.” Id. at 440-41 (quoting City of Canton v. Harris, 489 U.S. 378, 390-91, 109 S.Ct. 1197, 103 L.Ed.2d 412 (1989)). Mr. Hernandez has failed to offer such evidence here, and therefore the Court grants summa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 L. Ed. 2d 412", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75f984d13bd3974a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 10958, "end": 10970, "quote": "192 F.3d 280", "context": "were reasonable. Those issues must be left to the Court and the jury. See United States v. Lumpkin, 192 F.3d 280, 289 (2d Cir.1999) (“[I]n reviewing the use of expert testimony, we [ ] look to see if it will usur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "192 F.3d 280", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_192/0280_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eac4d9f754981d05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 11309, "end": 11320, "quote": "45 F.2d 119", "context": "acts before it.”) (citations and quotation marks omitted); cf. Nichols v. Universal Pictures Corp., 45 F.2d 119, 123 (2d Cir.1930) (“Argument is argument whether in the [witness] box or at the bar, and its prope", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 F.2d 119", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_45/0119_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "265463618572866b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_726/0153_01/index.html", "start": 11938, "end": 11951, "quote": "112 F.3d 1207", "context": "s do in situations similar to that presented here. See Burkhart v. Wash. Metro. Area Transit Auth., 112 F.3d 1207, 1212-13 (D.C.Cir.1997) (“[A]n expert may offer his opinion as to facts that, if found, would suppo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 F.3d 1207", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_112/1207_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0b06ba74769628af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 313, "end": 320, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "and on behalf of the National Labor Relations Board (the “Board”), petition for an injunction under § 10(j) of the National Labor Relations Act. Petitioner seeks an interim order required respondent to recog", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a577ffee0a60ad7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 770, "end": 777, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "heard oral argument on August 20, 2010. For the reasons set forth below, the Board’s petition for a § 10(j) injunction is GRANTED.\nBACKGROUND\nRespondent is a California corporation that owns franchise agreem", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99fe3505fd991a86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 1700, "end": 1709, "quote": "Id. at 47", "context": " agreement between respondent and the unit extends from November 1, 2009 through October 31, 2013. (Id. at 47; Siebers Deck ¶ 36; Ex. O to Siebers Deck)\nOn March 21, 2010 a vote was held to elect ten new Board", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7bb2efac20efcbd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 2271, "end": 2280, "quote": "Id. at 29", "context": "tive of Teamsters Local 150, to discuss the possibility of merging SCCBE with Teamsters Local 150. (Id. at 29.) After the March 21 election, these discussions took on a more serious nature. (Id. at 30.)\nA few ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43580b38a4e453b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 2362, "end": 2371, "quote": "Id. at 30", "context": "al 150. (Id. at 29.) After the March 21 election, these discussions took on a more serious nature. (Id. at 30.)\nA few weeks later, a SCCBE meeting was scheduled for April 25, 2010 as “a general meeting to intr", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "954230ee2b22f6bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 2781, "end": 2789, "quote": "Id. at 2", "context": "Prior to the meeting, approximately four SCCBE Board members were aware of the merger discussions. (Id. at 2, 6, 7, 29.) Immediately before the meeting, several more were made a aware that there were ongoing ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "57698fea92a499e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 3015, "end": 3023, "quote": "Id. at 2", "context": "re kept secret because Rezendes was afraid of retaliation by respondent for suggesting the merger. (Id. at 2, 6, 18.)\nFifty to sixty members attended the April 25 meeting. (Id. at 7.) Thomas and Teamsters 150", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61dc92c70789f8ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 3088, "end": 3096, "quote": "Id. at 7", "context": "or suggesting the merger. (Id. at 2, 6, 18.)\nFifty to sixty members attended the April 25 meeting. (Id. at 7.) Thomas and Teamsters 150 attorney, David Rosenfeld (“Rosenfeld”), were invited to the meeting by ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f216882569a291ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 3235, "end": 3244, "quote": "Id. at 26", "context": "avid Rosenfeld (“Rosenfeld”), were invited to the meeting by Rezendes and were also in attendance. (Id. at 26.) After the SCCBE Board members were introduced, a member brought up the possibility of merging wit", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "090793548460538e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 3362, "end": 3371, "quote": "Id. at 21", "context": " Board members were introduced, a member brought up the possibility of merging with Teamsters 150. (Id. at 21.) A motion on the issue was made and seconded. (Id.) A heated discussion ensued, during which respo", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9e4eb27a18db6e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 3420, "end": 3423, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ssibility of merging with Teamsters 150. (Id. at 21.) A motion on the issue was made and seconded. (Id.) A heated discussion ensued, during which respondent asserts that Young told the audience that if t", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d196d5bab76c3a21", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 3658, "end": 3667, "quote": "Id. at 44", "context": "ight away, respondent would make the members jobs very hard on them, harass them and/or fire them. (Id. at 44, 11; Siebers Deck ¶ 17; Ex. D to Siebers Deck) Eventually, Thomas took the floor and read the propo", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c8e1397031b25c5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 4083, "end": 4091, "quote": "Id. at 8", "context": "t 12, 23, 30.) Around 50 members supported the merger; approximately 5 members opposed the merger. (Id. at 8, 14, 27, 30.) However, in light of the discussions and the fact that most members were not aware of", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "78af4186bea16170", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 4332, "end": 4341, "quote": "Id. at 44", "context": "t suggested that any merger vote should be held at a later time so all members could be consulted. (Id. at 44.) Young did not agree. He stated that everyone had notice and was invited to come and that the meet", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f453a52021b1092", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 4497, "end": 4506, "quote": "Id. at 18", "context": "ce and was invited to come and that the meeting was one of the largest turnouts they had ever had. (Id. at 18.)\nA hand vote of the SCCBE Board was taken and the merger with Teamsters 150 was agreed upon by a m", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2fc84fcafaca31fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 4642, "end": 4651, "quote": "Id. at 14", "context": "s taken and the merger with Teamsters 150 was agreed upon by a majority of the Board of Governors. (Id. at 14.)\nFollowing the vote by the SCCBE Board, SCCBE’s president executed the Agreement with Teamsters 15", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66273dea1e78f7cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 4755, "end": 4758, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ollowing the vote by the SCCBE Board, SCCBE’s president executed the Agreement with Teamsters 150. (Id. 34.) The Agreement called for retaining the current collective bargaining agreement between SCCBE a", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db2f1ec4ce05d346", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 4939, "end": 4942, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ent between SCCBE and respondent in full force and effect, with no changes in terms or conditions. (Id.) The collective bargaining agreement is set to expire in October 2013 and at the time the Union wil", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca6efb08b037e7f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 5069, "end": 5078, "quote": "Id. at 47", "context": " agreement is set to expire in October 2013 and at the time the Union will bargain a new contract. (Id. at 47.)\nUnder the current Agreement employees can become members of the Union without paying an initiatio", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10c432cb89cc8cea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 5248, "end": 5257, "quote": "Id. at 34", "context": "on without paying an initiation fee and dues will remain for the same for another 18 to 36 months. (Id. at 34.) Any later increase in dues must be approved by the Union members employed at Sacramento Coca-Cola", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6d32f1e6ac3ace41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 5415, "end": 5424, "quote": "Id. at 40", "context": "n members employed at Sacramento Coca-Cola Bottling Co. following the April 25 membership meeting. (Id. at 40.)\nAll Board members were asked and agreed to serve as shop stewards for the Union. (Id. at 3, 9, 28", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8fb3a529dc9674cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 5509, "end": 5517, "quote": "Id. at 3", "context": "ing. (Id. at 40.)\nAll Board members were asked and agreed to serve as shop stewards for the Union. (Id. at 3, 9, 28, 38.) Once they receive the requisite training, shop stewards will be able to settle grievan", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "988d6249a5336920", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 5832, "end": 5841, "quote": "Id. at 39", "context": " stewards who are former Board of Governors members attended the shop steward training on June 19. (Id. at 39.)\nAll assets and liabilities of SCCBE were transferred to the Union, including the sole assets of a", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b068d879bec9cff2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 7798, "end": 7801, "quote": "Id.", "context": "lve all grievances filed since April 25, 2010 only with representatives of “SCCBE,” not the Union. (Id.)\n1. Respondent’s and Employee Filings with the Region\nOn May 13, 2010, respondent filed a charge wi", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b54f67b638fe3d01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 7958, "end": 7976, "quote": "Section 8(b)(1)(A)", "context": " May 13, 2010, respondent filed a charge with Region 20 (the “Region”), claiming the Union violated Section 8(b)(1)(A) of the National Labor Relations Act (“NLRA”) by restraining, coercing, and threatening employees in", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b79f511251684d5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 8921, "end": 8924, "quote": "Id.", "context": " Opp’n to Inj. (“Giron Decl.”), filed Aug. 18, 2010, ¶4.) The Board would not accept the petition. (Id.)\nOn June 28, 2010, respondent filed petitions for a representative (RM) election with the Region. (", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da7eccc3613d1577", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 9250, "end": 9253, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ot want to be affiliated with Teamsters Local 150, signed by 56% of the bargaining unit employees. (Id.; Siebers Decl. ¶ 7.) The employees continued to gather signatures and, as of the date of the hearin", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b78904b0fdd9b976", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 9776, "end": 9794, "quote": "Section 8(a)(l)(5)", "context": "y 3, 2010, the Union filed an unfair labor practice charge against respondent alleging violation of Section 8(a)(l)(5) of the National Labor Relations Act (“NLRA”) for refusing to bargain in good faith. (Decl. Acting R", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "164268c63086c88d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 10691, "end": 10694, "quote": "Id.", "context": "Regional Director, filed Aug. 19, 2010, ¶ 2.) This action will be heard by an ALJ in October 2010. (Id. ¶ 4.)\nOn August 13, 2010, petitioner filed 10(j) motion in this court, seeking an interim bargainin", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b51414f8528876b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 10936, "end": 10949, "quote": "Section 10(j)", "context": "and bargain with the Union during the pendency of proceedings before the ALJ and the NLRB.\nANALYSIS\nSection 10(j) of the National Labor Relations Act (“NLRA”) provides that, upon issuance of a complaint charging a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d8172e82e7e11e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 11319, "end": 11335, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 1600", "context": "tion to grant to the Board such temporary relief or restraining order as it deems just and proper.” 29 U.S.C. § 1600*) (2009). Injunctive relief under § 10(j) is intended to preserve the status quo pending final acti", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 1600", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79474b609a019b69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 11370, "end": 11377, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": " restraining order as it deems just and proper.” 29 U.S.C. § 1600*) (2009). Injunctive relief under § 10(j) is intended to preserve the status quo pending final action by the Board. Scott ex rel. NLRB v. Ste", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "411075d61c0c6cad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 11498, "end": 11510, "quote": "241 F.3d 652", "context": "rve the status quo pending final action by the Board. Scott ex rel. NLRB v. Stephen Dunn & Assocs., 241 F.3d 652, 660 (9th Cir.2001) (abrogation recognized on other grounds).\nIn determining whether interim relief", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "241 F.3d 652", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_241/0652_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "44ceabf7404bc0f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 11785, "end": 11796, "quote": "19 F.3d 449", "context": "able criteria in determining whether injunctive relief should be granted. Miller v. Pac. Med. Ctr., 19 F.3d 449, 459 (9th Cir.1994) (abrogation recognized on other grounds). The Ninth Circuit has recently clarif", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 F.3d 449", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0449_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "57e0df15f37589a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 12028, "end": 12038, "quote": "555 U.S. 7", "context": " injunctive relief in light of the Supreme Court’s decision in Winter v. Natural Res. Def. Council, 555 U.S. 7, 129 S.Ct. 365, 172 L.Ed.2d 249 (2008). Alliance for Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 622 F.3d 1045, 1050-", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "555 U.S. 7", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_555/0007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "147616838dd5fa17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 12040, "end": 12053, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 365", "context": "relief in light of the Supreme Court’s decision in Winter v. Natural Res. Def. Council, 555 U.S. 7, 129 S.Ct. 365, 172 L.Ed.2d 249 (2008). Alliance for Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 622 F.3d 1045, 1050-52, No. 09-3575", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_555/0007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8751b9fb5dc04e2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 12055, "end": 12070, "quote": "172 L.Ed.2d 249", "context": " of the Supreme Court’s decision in Winter v. Natural Res. Def. Council, 555 U.S. 7, 129 S.Ct. 365, 172 L.Ed.2d 249 (2008). Alliance for Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 622 F.3d 1045, 1050-52, No. 09-35756, 2010 WL 366514", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "172 L. Ed. 2d 249", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_555/0007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dde2b6a4afa6ff0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 12118, "end": 12131, "quote": "622 F.3d 1045", "context": " Council, 555 U.S. 7, 129 S.Ct. 365, 172 L.Ed.2d 249 (2008). Alliance for Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 622 F.3d 1045, 1050-52, No. 09-35756, 2010 WL 3665149, at *6-7 (9th Cir. Sept. 22, 2010); Am. Trucking Ass’ns, In", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "622 F.3d 1045", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_622/1045_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "55a51abf93068abb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 12156, "end": 12171, "quote": "2010 WL 3665149", "context": "72 L.Ed.2d 249 (2008). Alliance for Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 622 F.3d 1045, 1050-52, No. 09-35756, 2010 WL 3665149, at *6-7 (9th Cir. Sept. 22, 2010); Am. Trucking Ass’ns, Inc. v. City of Los Angeles, 559 F.3d 1046", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2010 WL 3665149", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "53293b21a9be41c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 12258, "end": 12271, "quote": "559 F.3d 1046", "context": "10 WL 3665149, at *6-7 (9th Cir. Sept. 22, 2010); Am. Trucking Ass’ns, Inc. v. City of Los Angeles, 559 F.3d 1046, 1052 (9th Cir.2009). A party seeking a preliminary injunction must demonstrate that he is likely t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "559 F.3d 1046", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_559/1046_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bcaf38d663d54908", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 12589, "end": 12605, "quote": "559 F.3d at 1052", "context": "ities tips in favor of such relief, and that an injunction is in the public interest. Am. Trucking, 559 F.3d at 1052. A preliminary injunction is also appropriate when the moving party demonstrates “that serious ques", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "559 F.3d 1046", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_559/1046_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0b666c13717cadbc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 12953, "end": 12969, "quote": "622 F.3d at 1052", "context": " the other Winter factors, including the likelihood of irreparable harm. Alliance for Wild Rockies, 622 F.3d at 1052, 2010 WL 3665149, at *7. However, when evaluating a petition under § 10(j), the court must analyze ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "622 F.3d 1045", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_622/1045_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f416f26389a69486", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 12971, "end": 12986, "quote": "2010 WL 3665149", "context": "factors, including the likelihood of irreparable harm. Alliance for Wild Rockies, 622 F.3d at 1052, 2010 WL 3665149, at *7. However, when evaluating a petition under § 10(j), the court must analyze the request “thro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2010 WL 3665149", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c87461af4dcec100", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 13037, "end": 13044, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "r Wild Rockies, 622 F.3d at 1052, 2010 WL 3665149, at *7. However, when evaluating a petition under § 10(j), the court must analyze the request “through the prism of the underlying purpose of § 10(j), which ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91f3582a2c5ab3a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 13129, "end": 13136, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "n under § 10(j), the court must analyze the request “through the prism of the underlying purpose of § 10(j), which is to protect the integrity of the collective bargaining process and to preserve the Board’s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "406a9ff8bccd5d3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 13292, "end": 13309, "quote": "19 F.3d at 459-60", "context": "rgaining process and to preserve the Board’s remedial power while it processes the charge.” Miller, 19 F.3d at 459-60.\n“In assessing whether the Board has met its burden, it is necessary to factor in the district cour", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "19 F.3d 449", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0449_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "99e9a660599154e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 13540, "end": 13550, "quote": "Id. at 460", "context": "nfair labor practices, and the deference accorded to NLRB determinations by the courts of appeals.” Id. at 460 (citing NLRB v. City Disposal Sys., Inc., 465 U.S. 822, 829, 104 S.Ct. 1505, 79 L.Ed.2d 839 (1984))", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0449_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d332d21d76ec5b9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 13593, "end": 13605, "quote": "465 U.S. 822", "context": "NLRB determinations by the courts of appeals.” Id. at 460 (citing NLRB v. City Disposal Sys., Inc., 465 U.S. 822, 829, 104 S.Ct. 1505, 79 L.Ed.2d 839 (1984)) (“[0]n an issue that implicates [the Board’s] expertis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "465 U.S. 822", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48b13aaa00d175f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 13612, "end": 13626, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 1505", "context": " by the courts of appeals.” Id. at 460 (citing NLRB v. City Disposal Sys., Inc., 465 U.S. 822, 829, 104 S.Ct. 1505, 79 L.Ed.2d 839 (1984)) (“[0]n an issue that implicates [the Board’s] expertise in labor relations,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 1505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d3301e2eb017ced", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 13628, "end": 13642, "quote": "79 L.Ed.2d 839", "context": "f appeals.” Id. at 460 (citing NLRB v. City Disposal Sys., Inc., 465 U.S. 822, 829, 104 S.Ct. 1505, 79 L.Ed.2d 839 (1984)) (“[0]n an issue that implicates [the Board’s] expertise in labor relations, a reasonable co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 L. Ed. 2d 839", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ca06d59951f526f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 13834, "end": 13846, "quote": "441 U.S. 488", "context": "nable construction by the Board is entitled to considerable deference!.]”); Ford Motor Co. v. NLRB, 441 U.S. 488, 99 S.Ct. 1842, 60 L.Ed.2d 420 (1979) (“Of course, the judgment of the Board is subject to judicial", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "441 U.S. 488", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd1d2021bcfc8066", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 13848, "end": 13861, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 1842", "context": "tion by the Board is entitled to considerable deference!.]”); Ford Motor Co. v. NLRB, 441 U.S. 488, 99 S.Ct. 1842, 60 L.Ed.2d 420 (1979) (“Of course, the judgment of the Board is subject to judicial review; but if", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 1842", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f21efc161866400", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 13863, "end": 13877, "quote": "60 L.Ed.2d 420", "context": "rd is entitled to considerable deference!.]”); Ford Motor Co. v. NLRB, 441 U.S. 488, 99 S.Ct. 1842, 60 L.Ed.2d 420 (1979) (“Of course, the judgment of the Board is subject to judicial review; but if its constructio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 L. Ed. 2d 420", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6afab98b26157960", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 14309, "end": 14312, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ontext that the Board’s determination on the merits will be given considerable deference on appeal. Id. “A conflict in evidence does not preclude the Regional Director from making the requisite showing f", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "60 L. Ed. 2d 420", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04cab79c35a5a1fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 14417, "end": 14424, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "onflict in evidence does not preclude the Regional Director from making the requisite showing for a § 10(j) injunction.” Scott, 241 F.3d at 662; see Seeler v. Trading Port, Inc., 517 F.2d 33, 36-37 (2d Cir.1", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc6132e744499490", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 14445, "end": 14460, "quote": "241 F.3d at 662", "context": " preclude the Regional Director from making the requisite showing for a § 10(j) injunction.” Scott, 241 F.3d at 662; see Seeler v. Trading Port, Inc., 517 F.2d 33, 36-37 (2d Cir.1975) (holding that where “there are ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "241 F.3d 652", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_241/0652_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "57c693d35ac0d925", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 14496, "end": 14507, "quote": "517 F.2d 33", "context": "uisite showing for a § 10(j) injunction.” Scott, 241 F.3d at 662; see Seeler v. Trading Port, Inc., 517 F.2d 33, 36-37 (2d Cir.1975) (holding that where “there are disputed issues of fact in the case, the Region", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "517 F.2d 33", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_517/0033_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3daf397f557876dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 14680, "end": 14687, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "act in the case, the Regional Director should be given the benefit of the doubt in a proceeding for § 10(j) relief’). “Rather, to satisfy the ‘likelihood of success’ prong of the traditional equitable test, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce6986cffc3a7878", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 14853, "end": 14856, "quote": "Id.", "context": "f the traditional equitable test, he need only show ‘a better than negligible chance of success.’ ” Id. (citing Electro-Voice, 83 F.3d at 1568). Moreover, the Ninth Circuit has instructed that “[e]ven on", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37448ba78a052d56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 14880, "end": 14895, "quote": "83 F.3d at 1568", "context": " test, he need only show ‘a better than negligible chance of success.’ ” Id. (citing Electro-Voice, 83 F.3d at 1568). Moreover, the Ninth Circuit has instructed that “[e]ven on an issue of law, the district court sh", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8cc68c85a055566b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 15075, "end": 15086, "quote": "19 F.3d at ", "context": "he district court should be hospitable to the views of the General Counsel, however novel.” Miller, 19 F.3d at 460 (quoting Danielson v. Joint Bd. of Coat, Suit & Allied Garment Workers’ Union, 494 F.2d 1230, 12", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "19 F.3d 449", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0449_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bb0ecc794b479975", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 15169, "end": 15182, "quote": "494 F.2d 1230", "context": "ller, 19 F.3d at 460 (quoting Danielson v. Joint Bd. of Coat, Suit & Allied Garment Workers’ Union, 494 F.2d 1230, 1245 (2d Cir.1974)). On a motion for a 10(j) injunction, it is not the duty of the district court ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "494 F.2d 1230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_494/1230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "74255878d2b8b92f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 15399, "end": 15411, "quote": "443 F.2d 627", "context": "actual disputes or the legal issues involved. Those are for the Board.” Kennedy v. Teamsters Local, 443 F.2d 627, 630 (9th Cir.1971). “In short, the Board can make a threshold showing of likelihood of success by ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "443 F.2d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_443/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e6017a2268b12fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 15629, "end": 15643, "quote": "19 F.3d at 460", "context": "dence to support the unfair labor practice charge, together with an arguable legal theory.” Miller, 19 F.3d at 460.\n1. Question of Representation\nPetitioner asserts that it can establish a likelihood of success on ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "19 F.3d 449", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0449_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de3335cd5fe22454", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 16097, "end": 16116, "quote": "Teamsters Local 150", "context": "as it is unclear whether a majority of employees continue to support the Union after it merged with Teamsters Local 150.\nSection 7 of the NLRA “guarantees employees the right ‘to bargain collectively through representat", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": "443 F.2d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_443/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae3d98bd566c3fa7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 16118, "end": 16127, "quote": "Section 7", "context": "her a majority of employees continue to support the Union after it merged with Teamsters Local 150.\nSection 7 of the NLRA “guarantees employees the right ‘to bargain collectively through representatives of the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ac1ed57238a4070", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 16245, "end": 16260, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 157", "context": "antees employees the right ‘to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing,’ 29 U.S.C. § 157, and the Board is empowered to determine representation on petition of employees or the employer.” ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 157", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/labor/title_29/chapter_7/section_157/title29_sec157_1d7ef4fa9c81/157_right_of_employees_as_to_organization_collective_bargain_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9f2e8c3283525a0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 16422, "end": 16434, "quote": "475 U.S. 192", "context": "tition of employees or the employer.” NLRB v. Fin. Inst. Emps. of Am. Local 1182 (“Seattle-First”), 475 U.S. 192, 198, 106 S.Ct. 1007, 89 L.Ed.2d 151 (1986) (citing 29 U.S.C. § 159(c)(l)(A)(i), 159(c)(1)(B)). The", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "475 U.S. 192", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43d3e351c4c50c52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 16441, "end": 16455, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1007", "context": " or the employer.” NLRB v. Fin. Inst. Emps. of Am. Local 1182 (“Seattle-First”), 475 U.S. 192, 198, 106 S.Ct. 1007, 89 L.Ed.2d 151 (1986) (citing 29 U.S.C. § 159(c)(l)(A)(i), 159(c)(1)(B)). The NLRA also “recognize", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70aa644616522399", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 16457, "end": 16471, "quote": "89 L.Ed.2d 151", "context": ".” NLRB v. Fin. Inst. Emps. of Am. Local 1182 (“Seattle-First”), 475 U.S. 192, 198, 106 S.Ct. 1007, 89 L.Ed.2d 151 (1986) (citing 29 U.S.C. § 159(c)(l)(A)(i), 159(c)(1)(B)). The NLRA also “recognizes that employee ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 2d 151", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f924e4349cd79fdd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 16487, "end": 16502, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 159", "context": " Am. Local 1182 (“Seattle-First”), 475 U.S. 192, 198, 106 S.Ct. 1007, 89 L.Ed.2d 151 (1986) (citing 29 U.S.C. § 159(c)(l)(A)(i), 159(c)(1)(B)). The NLRA also “recognizes that employee support for a certified bargain", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 159", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/labor/title_29/chapter_7/section_159/title29_sec159_89a38c4600c0/159_representatives_and_elections_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f5d58888715404f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 16497, "end": 16514, "quote": "§ 159(c)(l)(A)(i)", "context": " 1182 (“Seattle-First”), 475 U.S. 192, 198, 106 S.Ct. 1007, 89 L.Ed.2d 151 (1986) (citing 29 U.S.C. § 159(c)(l)(A)(i), 159(c)(1)(B)). The NLRA also “recognizes that employee support for a certified bargaining represen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/labor/title_29/chapter_7/section_159/title29_sec159_89a38c4600c0/159_representatives_and_elections_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "11cfa6fabaea7803", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 16662, "end": 16665, "quote": "Id.", "context": "employee support for a certified bargaining representative may be eroded by changed circumstances.” Id. The Supreme Court has noted that “a new affiliation may substantially change a certified union’s re", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0437e940d783f6d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 16994, "end": 17004, "quote": "Id. at 202", "context": "tion,’ if it is unclear whether a majority of employees continue to support the reorganized union.” Id. at 202, 106 S.Ct. 1007.\nThe NLRA “assumes that stable bargaining relationships are best maintained by allo", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13975976eda394f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 17006, "end": 17020, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1007", "context": " is unclear whether a majority of employees continue to support the reorganized union.” Id. at 202, 106 S.Ct. 1007.\nThe NLRA “assumes that stable bargaining relationships are best maintained by allowing an affiliat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94b845d5f6183723", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 17254, "end": 17264, "quote": "Id. at 209", "context": "a bargaining unit unless the Board finds that the affiliation raises a question of representation.” Id. at 209, 106 S.Ct. 1007. “If the Board finds that affiliation raises a question of representation ‘undermin", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ad94ef48c696662", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 17266, "end": 17280, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1007", "context": " unit unless the Board finds that the affiliation raises a question of representation.” Id. at 209, 106 S.Ct. 1007. “If the Board finds that affiliation raises a question of representation ‘undermining ... the Boar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72c24d66e9a10a70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 17553, "end": 17563, "quote": "Id. at 202", "context": " the union’s unfair labor practice charge, and is authorized to conduct a representation election.” Id. at 202, 106 S.Ct. 1007 (quoting Amoco Production Co., 262 N.L.R.B. 1240, 1241 (1982)). “Any uncertainty on", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1996c5cf580d2e7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 17565, "end": 17579, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1007", "context": " unfair labor practice charge, and is authorized to conduct a representation election.” Id. at 202, 106 S.Ct. 1007 (quoting Amoco Production Co., 262 N.L.R.B. 1240, 1241 (1982)). “Any uncertainty on the employer’s ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "980e336c547f6827", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 17611, "end": 17628, "quote": "262 N.L.R.B. 1240", "context": "ed to conduct a representation election.” Id. at 202, 106 S.Ct. 1007 (quoting Amoco Production Co., 262 N.L.R.B. 1240, 1241 (1982)). “Any uncertainty on the employer’s part does not relieve him of his obligation to ba", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "262 N.L.R.B. 1240", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88c812cf86660eb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 17749, "end": 17759, "quote": "Id. at 209", "context": "uncertainty on the employer’s part does not relieve him of his obligation to bargain collectively.” Id. at 209, 106 S.Ct. 1007 (emphasis added). The Supreme Court has expressly noted that it has “rejected the p", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2097389e2d656d6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 17761, "end": 17775, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1007", "context": "on the employer’s part does not relieve him of his obligation to bargain collectively.” Id. at 209, 106 S.Ct. 1007 (emphasis added). The Supreme Court has expressly noted that it has “rejected the position that emp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa1162fef319be3c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18035, "end": 18047, "quote": "517 U.S. 781", "context": "e that their employees no longer support their certified union.” Auciello Iron Works, Inc. v. NLRB, 517 U.S. 781, 790, 116 S.Ct. 1754, 135 L.Ed.2d 64 (1996). The Court reasoned that “[t]o allow employers to rely ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "517 U.S. 781", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_517/0781_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ecb75eeb4037cf46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18054, "end": 18068, "quote": "116 S.Ct. 1754", "context": "ees no longer support their certified union.” Auciello Iron Works, Inc. v. NLRB, 517 U.S. 781, 790, 116 S.Ct. 1754, 135 L.Ed.2d 64 (1996). The Court reasoned that “[t]o allow employers to rely on their employees’ r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 S. Ct. 1754", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_517/0781_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cccd462a413a8918", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18070, "end": 18084, "quote": "135 L.Ed.2d 64", "context": "pport their certified union.” Auciello Iron Works, Inc. v. NLRB, 517 U.S. 781, 790, 116 S.Ct. 1754, 135 L.Ed.2d 64 (1996). The Court reasoned that “[t]o allow employers to rely on their employees’ rights in refusin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "135 L. Ed. 2d 64", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_517/0781_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3391f31227195bc1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18295, "end": 18298, "quote": "Id.", "context": "n with the formally designated union is not conducive to [industrial piece], it is inimical to it.” Id. (quoting Brooks v. NLRB, 348 U.S. 96, 103, 75 S.Ct. 176). Rather, an employer’s relief is to petiti", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "135 L. Ed. 2d 64", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_517/0781_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "025d31072287daeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18324, "end": 18335, "quote": "348 U.S. 96", "context": "d union is not conducive to [industrial piece], it is inimical to it.” Id. (quoting Brooks v. NLRB, 348 U.S. 96, 103, 75 S.Ct. 176). Rather, an employer’s relief is to petition the Board, not to rely on employee", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "348 U.S. 96", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ac0e47c41f08b08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18342, "end": 18354, "quote": "75 S.Ct. 176", "context": "ducive to [industrial piece], it is inimical to it.” Id. (quoting Brooks v. NLRB, 348 U.S. 96, 103, 75 S.Ct. 176). Rather, an employer’s relief is to petition the Board, not to rely on employees’ rights. Seattle-", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 S. Ct. 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a325cd28b6dc223b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18461, "end": 18476, "quote": "475 U.S. at 209", "context": "er, an employer’s relief is to petition the Board, not to rely on employees’ rights. Seattle-First, 475 U.S. at 209, 106 S.Ct. 1007; see Brooks, 348 U.S. at 103, 75 S.Ct. 176; see The Raymond F. Kravis Center for th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "475 U.S. 192", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5da03a0b757353a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18478, "end": 18492, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1007", "context": " relief is to petition the Board, not to rely on employees’ rights. Seattle-First, 475 U.S. at 209, 106 S.Ct. 1007; see Brooks, 348 U.S. at 103, 75 S.Ct. 176; see The Raymond F. Kravis Center for the Performing Art", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2235fd71092c525b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18506, "end": 18521, "quote": "348 U.S. at 103", "context": "oard, not to rely on employees’ rights. Seattle-First, 475 U.S. at 209, 106 S.Ct. 1007; see Brooks, 348 U.S. at 103, 75 S.Ct. 176; see The Raymond F. Kravis Center for the Performing Arts (“Kravis”), 351 N.L.R.B. 14", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "348 U.S. 96", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "edb6f512251fad9d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18523, "end": 18535, "quote": "75 S.Ct. 176", "context": " on employees’ rights. Seattle-First, 475 U.S. at 209, 106 S.Ct. 1007; see Brooks, 348 U.S. at 103, 75 S.Ct. 176; see The Raymond F. Kravis Center for the Performing Arts (“Kravis”), 351 N.L.R.B. 143, 147 (2007) ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 S. Ct. 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3a9fbaff31edf8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 18606, "end": 18622, "quote": "351 N.L.R.B. 143", "context": "348 U.S. at 103, 75 S.Ct. 176; see The Raymond F. Kravis Center for the Performing Arts (“Kravis”), 351 N.L.R.B. 143, 147 (2007) (“[W]hen there is a union merger or affiliation, an employer’s obligation to recognize ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "351 N.L.R.B. 143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f5fcfe977b1d37cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 19120, "end": 19144, "quote": "351 N.L.R.B. at 143, 146", "context": "n merely because the merger or affiliation is accomplished without due process safeguards.” Kravis, 351 N.L.R.B. at 143, 146 (holding that “the lack of a membership vote concerning union affiliation is insufficient to raise ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "351 N.L.R.B. 143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20f39310d692bdef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 19491, "end": 19507, "quote": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "context": "ajority of the employees later states that they do not support the affiliation. Tawas Indus., Inc., 336 N.L.R.B. 318, 318-19 (2001). In Tawas, a majority of the respondent’s employees voted to affiliate its small ind", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "53f48bb0b0f4ee04", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 19639, "end": 19649, "quote": "Id. at 318", "context": "ority of the respondent’s employees voted to affiliate its small independent union, TIWA, with UAW. Id. at 318. However, subsequent to the vote but before UAW had committed any time or resources to representing", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb31bce1374645d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 19865, "end": 19875, "quote": "Id. at 319", "context": "a majority of employees conveyed to the respondent that they did not want to be represented by UAW. Id. at 319. The respondent informed UAW that it had concluded that the affiliation was not supported by a majo", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e4c6ca7302bbce4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 20045, "end": 20055, "quote": "Id. at 318", "context": "on was not supported by a majority of the employees and thus, refused to recognize the affiliation. Id. at 318. The NLRB held that the respondent “could not base its refusal to recognize TIWA’s undisputedly val", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25864abd6a54caca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 20354, "end": 20364, "quote": "Id. at 319", "context": " is regarded as untainted, objective evidence that the affiliated union had lost majority support.” Id. at 319. The Board reasoned that affiliation or disaffiliation decisions involved essentially internal matt", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4943efdf4c0dee12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 20575, "end": 20578, "quote": "Id.", "context": "overned by the union’s own procedures and “that are not effectively subject to an employer’s veto.” Id. Because union procedures were used to accomplish the affiliation, but were not used to undo the aff", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c982a22bf6d80206", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 20747, "end": 20750, "quote": "Id.", "context": "t were not used to undo the affiliation, the respondent was obligated to recognize the affiliation. Id.\nIn this case, SCCBE’s By-Laws provide, in pertinent part, that “[t]he function of the Board of Gove", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "58127b5527ca141d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 21216, "end": 21235, "quote": "Teamsters Local 150", "context": "f merging SCCBE with Local Teamsters 150 to a vote, and the Board voted by a majority to merge with Teamsters Local 150. Furthermore, there is no evidence that the employees or Union subsequently initiated or completed ", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": "443 F.2d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_443/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4354dc5085b697b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 21522, "end": 21549, "quote": "351 N.L.R.B. at 143, 146-47", "context": "iliation with Teamsters Local was made in accordance with SCCBE’s bylaws and was valid. See Kravis, 351 N.L.R.B. at 143, 146-47 (holding that affiliation was valid when it was conducted in accordance with the union’s constituti", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "351 N.L.R.B. 143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ab55968296f6ebf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 22452, "end": 22471, "quote": "Teamsters Local 150", "context": " the Board of Governors was sufficient because the Union was not eliminated, but merely merged with Teamsters Local 150. This is sufficient to set forth a threshold showing of likelihood of success.\nRespondent also cont", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": "443 F.2d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_443/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "37819d07cdad64a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 23238, "end": 23250, "quote": "682 F.2d 790", "context": "rector schedules a hearing based on the employer’s petition alone.” N.T. Enloe Mem’l Hosp. v. NLRB, 682 F.2d 790, 794 (9th Cir.1982); see Brooks v. NLRB, 348 U.S. 96, 103, 75 S.Ct. 176, 99 L.Ed. 125 (1954) (“If a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "682 F.2d 790", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_682/0790_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cca881de6c96ba7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 23292, "end": 23303, "quote": "348 U.S. 96", "context": "ition alone.” N.T. Enloe Mem’l Hosp. v. NLRB, 682 F.2d 790, 794 (9th Cir.1982); see Brooks v. NLRB, 348 U.S. 96, 103, 75 S.Ct. 176, 99 L.Ed. 125 (1954) (“If an employer has doubts about his duty to continue barg", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "348 U.S. 96", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d80ceb8be6684309", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 23310, "end": 23322, "quote": "75 S.Ct. 176", "context": " Enloe Mem’l Hosp. v. NLRB, 682 F.2d 790, 794 (9th Cir.1982); see Brooks v. NLRB, 348 U.S. 96, 103, 75 S.Ct. 176, 99 L.Ed. 125 (1954) (“If an employer has doubts about his duty to continue bargaining, it is his r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 S. Ct. 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "552d08f5e4f2fff2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 23324, "end": 23336, "quote": "99 L.Ed. 125", "context": "osp. v. NLRB, 682 F.2d 790, 794 (9th Cir.1982); see Brooks v. NLRB, 348 U.S. 96, 103, 75 S.Ct. 176, 99 L.Ed. 125 (1954) (“If an employer has doubts about his duty to continue bargaining, it is his responsibility ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 L. Ed. 125", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b0bdb5beac3d499", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 23640, "end": 23656, "quote": "262 N.L.R.B. 963", "context": " given some indication that his claim has merit.”) (emphasis added); see also RCA del Caribe, Inc., 262 N.L.R.B. 963, 965 (1982) (holding that the filing of a representation petition does not require nor permit an em", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "262 N.L.R.B. 963", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f6eb7d77232ff18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 24076, "end": 24079, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ould file a petition and rely on the petition alone as justification for suspension of bargaining.” Id. Accordingly, respondent’s assertion that it properly filed a petition for a representative election", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "262 N.L.R.B. 963", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0ae89818a5a8cae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 24933, "end": 24948, "quote": "475 U.S. at 202", "context": "tantially change a certified union’s relationship with the employees it represents.” Seattle-First, 475 U.S. at 202, 106 S.Ct. 1007. These substantial changes may then raise a question of representation and thus, “t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "475 U.S. 192", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24bd536f604d2fff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 24950, "end": 24964, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1007", "context": "a certified union’s relationship with the employees it represents.” Seattle-First, 475 U.S. at 202, 106 S.Ct. 1007. These substantial changes may then raise a question of representation and thus, “to protect the em", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a31308598e7b023", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 25187, "end": 25190, "quote": "Id.", "context": " situation may require that the Board exercise its authority to conduct a representation election.” Id. (citing 19 U.S.C. § 159(c)(1)). The Court has cautioned, though, that “the Board’s decision must ta", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f008e02b94fcbf0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 25199, "end": 25214, "quote": "19 U.S.C. § 159", "context": "ay require that the Board exercise its authority to conduct a representation election.” Id. (citing 19 U.S.C. § 159(c)(1)). The Court has cautioned, though, that “the Board’s decision must take into account that ‘[t", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "19 U.S.C. § 159", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb708932579979a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 25209, "end": 25220, "quote": "§ 159(c)(1)", "context": " that the Board exercise its authority to conduct a representation election.” Id. (citing 19 U.S.C. § 159(c)(1)). The Court has cautioned, though, that “the Board’s decision must take into account that ‘[t]he in", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "285323d13666421b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 25349, "end": 25356, "quote": "the Act", "context": "hough, that “the Board’s decision must take into account that ‘[t]he industrial stability sought by the Act would unnecessarily be disrupted if every union organizational adjustment were to result in displac", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3e86e0257394195", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 25521, "end": 25531, "quote": "Id. at 202", "context": "djustment were to result in displacement of the employer-bargaining representative relationship.’ ” Id. at 202-OS, 106 S.Ct. 1007 (quoting Canton Sign Co., 174 N.L.R.B. 906, 909 (1969), enf. denied on other gro", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d61d6a17f6891ce4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 25536, "end": 25550, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1007", "context": "to result in displacement of the employer-bargaining representative relationship.’ ” Id. at 202-OS, 106 S.Ct. 1007 (quoting Canton Sign Co., 174 N.L.R.B. 906, 909 (1969), enf. denied on other grounds, 457 F.2d 832 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04728d3bd3907e2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 25577, "end": 25593, "quote": "174 N.L.R.B. 906", "context": "-bargaining representative relationship.’ ” Id. at 202-OS, 106 S.Ct. 1007 (quoting Canton Sign Co., 174 N.L.R.B. 906, 909 (1969), enf. denied on other grounds, 457 F.2d 832 (6th Cir.1972)).\nIn determining whether the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "174 N.L.R.B. 906", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba290d24f0e90d7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 25637, "end": 25649, "quote": "457 F.2d 832", "context": "06 S.Ct. 1007 (quoting Canton Sign Co., 174 N.L.R.B. 906, 909 (1969), enf. denied on other grounds, 457 F.2d 832 (6th Cir.1972)).\nIn determining whether there is substantial continuity after an affiliation, the B", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "457 F.2d 832", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_457/0832_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5fe6049ee49bddce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 25921, "end": 25938, "quote": "331 N.L.R.B. 1044", "context": "y toward a ‘mechanistic approach’ or the use of a ‘strict checklist.’ ” Mike Basil Chevrolet, Inc., 331 N.L.R.B. 1044, 1044 (2000) (quoting Sullivan Bros. Printers, 317 N.L.R.B. 561, 563 (1995), enf. 99 F.3d 1217 (1st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "331 N.L.R.B. 1044", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "885f432a9bbb29e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 25986, "end": 26002, "quote": "317 N.L.R.B. 561", "context": "st.’ ” Mike Basil Chevrolet, Inc., 331 N.L.R.B. 1044, 1044 (2000) (quoting Sullivan Bros. Printers, 317 N.L.R.B. 561, 563 (1995), enf. 99 F.3d 1217 (1st Cir.1996)). Rather, the Board has held that “the critical quest", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "317 N.L.R.B. 561", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c07f3b64b0425192", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 26021, "end": 26033, "quote": "99 F.3d 1217", "context": "331 N.L.R.B. 1044, 1044 (2000) (quoting Sullivan Bros. Printers, 317 N.L.R.B. 561, 563 (1995), enf. 99 F.3d 1217 (1st Cir.1996)). Rather, the Board has held that “the critical question is whether the ‘changes are", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 F.3d 1217", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_99/1217_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f557edb2eac58cd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 26191, "end": 26205, "quote": "Id. at 1044-45", "context": "tical question is whether the ‘changes are so great that a new organization has come into being.’ ” Id. at 1044-45; May Dep’t Stores Co., 289 N.L.R.B. 661, 665 (1988) (“[T]he general test for determining whether th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e69808149a089c02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 26229, "end": 26245, "quote": "289 N.L.R.B. 661", "context": " are so great that a new organization has come into being.’ ” Id. at 1044-45; May Dep’t Stores Co., 289 N.L.R.B. 661, 665 (1988) (“[T]he general test for determining whether the affiliation of a bargaining representa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "289 N.L.R.B. 661", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ca76ea480299561", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 27219, "end": 27235, "quote": "288 N.L.R.B. 214", "context": "reservation of the certified union’s physical facilities, books, and assets.\nW. Commercial Transp., 288 N.L.R.B. 214, 217 (1988). The Board has previously rejected relative sizes of the two organizations, some loss o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "288 N.L.R.B. 214", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ebb6a52df385f4dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 27474, "end": 27494, "quote": "331 N.L.R.B. at 1044", "context": "al control in handling grievances as a basis for finding discontinuity. Mike Basil Chevrolet, Inc., 331 N.L.R.B. at 1044 (holding that there was substantial continuity despite merger with larger organization, some loss o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "331 N.L.R.B. 1044", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3cd3c75f761f0660", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 27736, "end": 27753, "quote": "324 N.L.R.B. 1018", "context": ", and loss of complete control over, though not involvement in, grievance handling); CPS Chem. Co., 324 N.L.R.B. 1018, 1021 (1997), enf. 160 F.3d 150 (3d Cir.1998) (holding that neither differences in size, bylaws, an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "324 N.L.R.B. 1018", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "391605b192f9e649", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 27773, "end": 27785, "quote": "160 F.3d 150", "context": "though not involvement in, grievance handling); CPS Chem. Co., 324 N.L.R.B. 1018, 1021 (1997), enf. 160 F.3d 150 (3d Cir.1998) (holding that neither differences in size, bylaws, and internal procedures, nor the t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "160 F.3d 150", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_160/0150_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c05ee16a96716512", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 28007, "end": 28026, "quote": "289 N.L.R.B. at 665", "context": "g of assets was sufficient to demonstrate a discontinuity of representation); May Dep’t Stores Co., 289 N.L.R.B. at 665 (holding that there was no discontinuity where the record established some organization changes and", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "289 N.L.R.B. 661", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e136000475b4e07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 28254, "end": 28276, "quote": "288 N.L.R.B. at 217-18", "context": "nomy, but where the leaders and essential structures remained the same); cf. W. Commercial Transp., 288 N.L.R.B. at 217-18 (holding that there was not substantial continuity where original union lost virtually all its auto", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "288 N.L.R.B. 214", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d85ee780c7571d13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 28861, "end": 28881, "quote": "324 N.L.R.B. at 1021", "context": "ts initiation fees and without an immediate significant increase in membership dues. CPS Chem. Co., 324 N.L.R.B. at 1021.\nIn this case, petitioner presents evidence that the merger agreement between SCCBE and Teamsters L", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "324 N.L.R.B. 1018", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b74c9c15bec94be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 29435, "end": 29444, "quote": "Id. at 40", "context": " unit membership and presented to its negotiating committee through an elected proposal committee. (Id. at 40.) The Union has also indicated that it intends for the former members of SCCBE’s Board of Governors", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09b5515638555cec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 29585, "end": 29588, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ntends for the former members of SCCBE’s Board of Governors to serve on the negotiating committee. (Id.) While all assets and liabilities of SCCBE were transferred to the Union, including the sole assets", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e2091a538d3c1919", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 29897, "end": 29906, "quote": "Id. at 41", "context": " only for representation expenses related to the Sacramento Coca-Cola Bottling Co. unit employees. (Id. at 41.) Further, current employees can become members of the Union without paying an initiation fee and d", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "261d9fb3b6faa72e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 30065, "end": 30074, "quote": "Id. at 40", "context": "on without paying an initiation fee and dues will remain for the same for another 18 to 36 months. (Id. at 40.) Moreover, any increase in dues must be approved by the Union members employed at Sacramento Coca-", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ca7d89c091c934f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 30193, "end": 30196, "quote": "Id.", "context": "crease in dues must be approved by the Union members employed at Sacramento Coca-Cola Bottling Co. (Id.) Finally, following the April 25 membership meeting, all ten Board of Governors were asked and agre", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4228e3db2967051", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 30341, "end": 30350, "quote": "Id. at 38", "context": "meeting, all ten Board of Governors were asked and agreed to serve as shop stewards for the Union. (Id. at 38.) Once they receive the requisite training, shop stewards will be able to settle grievances at the ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49a7d835697003e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 30654, "end": 30663, "quote": "Id. at 39", "context": " stewards who are former Board of Governors members attended the shop steward training on June 19. (Id. at 39.) Based upon this evidence, petitioner has made a showing that the merger between SCCBE and Teamste", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b300700aec3c4e1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 30920, "end": 30939, "quote": "Teamsters Local 150", "context": "ity or create a wholly new organization.\nWhile respondent disputes the continuity between SCCBE and Teamsters Local 150, this court need not reach the ultimate determination of this issue. Applying the undisputed terms ", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": "443 F.2d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_443/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "94dcc9c5351db8d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 31285, "end": 31305, "quote": "324 N.L.R.B. at 1021", "context": "nitiation fees and without an immediate significant increase in membership dues, see CPS Chem. Co., 324 N.L.R.B. at 1021; (2) a majority of the Board of Governors will have a leadership role over its unit employees as sh", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "324 N.L.R.B. 1018", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dee0e8f49ed56f7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 31444, "end": 31463, "quote": "289 N.L.R.B. at 665", "context": "ors will have a leadership role over its unit employees as shop stewards, see May Dep’t Stores Co., 289 N.L.R.B. at 665; (3) the stewards will be involved in, though not have control over, the grievance, see May Dep’t S", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "289 N.L.R.B. 661", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a6efdc4bc1da0802", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 31574, "end": 31593, "quote": "289 N.L.R.B. at 665", "context": "tewards will be involved in, though not have control over, the grievance, see May Dep’t Stores Co., 289 N.L.R.B. at 665; and (4) the assets of SCCBE will continue to be used solely for representation expenses related to", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "289 N.L.R.B. 661", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62a7fb4aa1d949cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 32575, "end": 32592, "quote": "139 N.L.R.B. 1123", "context": "n three (3) years serves as a bar to elections for the entire three year term. General Cable Corp., 139 N.L.R.B. 1123, 1124-25 (1962). Where, as in this case, the contract has a longer fixed term, the contract bar pre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 N.L.R.B. 1123", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b097f286a17a30e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 32740, "end": 32743, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ntract has a longer fixed term, the contract bar precludes an election for the initial three years. Id.\nThe purpose of the rule is “to promote industrial stability between contractual partners and to aff", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "139 N.L.R.B. 1123", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "395ce25c855badea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 32956, "end": 32970, "quote": "242 N.L.R.B. 5", "context": " a reasonable opportunity to change or eliminate their bargaining representative.” East Mfg. Corp., 242 N.L.R.B. 5, 6 (1979). In order to protect the bargaining atmosphere, the rule is applied “even if a majority o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "242 N.L.R.B. 5", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7fa3e013c845e410", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 33140, "end": 33152, "quote": "578 F.2d 835", "context": " applied “even if a majority of the employees withdraw their support.” Pioneer Inn Assocs. v. NLRB, 578 F.2d 835, 838 (9th Cir.1978) (citation omitted). Indeed, the Board has expressly stated, “we cannot interpre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "578 F.2d 835", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_578/0835_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "97be929d191c827e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 33588, "end": 33604, "quote": "137 N.L.R.B. 346", "context": " commitments through the device of a petition to the Board for an election.” Montgomery Ward & Co., 137 N.L.R.B. 346, 348-49 (1962).\nThe Board has examined the applicability of the contract bar rule in the context of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 N.L.R.B. 346", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a93ac36ccd6383d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 33828, "end": 33847, "quote": "336 N.L.R.B. at 320", "context": "re, as here, employees expressed dissatisfaction with the union after the merger took place. Tawas, 336 N.L.R.B. at 320. In Tawas, the Board expressly held that “a disaffiliation is a change in the legal and institution", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42930179ceaf85ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 34043, "end": 34062, "quote": "336 N.L.R.B. at 320", "context": "tional relationships between two unions. It cannot be carried out externally to the unions.” Tawas, 336 N.L.R.B. at 320. To hold otherwise and allow an employer to refuse to recognize an affiliation, would effectively g", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55608c0bbca6cfd9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 34282, "end": 34285, "quote": "Id.", "context": "r to veto” and allow outside interference with internal union decisionmaking protected by the NLRA. Id. Therefore, the Board instructed that when a Union effects a valid affiliation and an employer has d", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "273d60154a896915", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 34528, "end": 34531, "quote": "Id.", "context": ", “it is [the employer’s] responsibility to petition the Board for relief at the appropriate time.” Id. Moreover, the Board expressly noted that “[u]nder well-established principles, the respondent could", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54dc501882e8f392", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 34827, "end": 34830, "quote": "Id.", "context": "in effect, even if a majority of bargaining unit members no longer supported” the affiliated Union. Id.\nThe court finds that the Board’s decision in Tawas substantially supports petitioner’s position tha", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c641bd2b459529da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 35321, "end": 35338, "quote": "264 N.L.R.B. 1237", "context": "25, 2010 meeting and that there was substantial continuity in representation. See Yates Industries, 264 N.L.R.B. 1237, 1249 (1982) (“[A] mere change in designation or affiliation of the bargaining representative does ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "264 N.L.R.B. 1237", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "871a20f854141df5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 36562, "end": 36581, "quote": "Teamsters Local 150", "context": "n of the signatories to express the desire not to be represented by a Union that is affiliated with Teamsters Local 150. Impliedly, respondent contends that it was entitled to withdraw recognition based upon a lack of m", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": "443 F.2d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_443/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "554f47c18a7a4250", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 36947, "end": 36963, "quote": "333 N.L.R.B. 717", "context": "pport of the majority of the bargaining unit employees.” Levitz Furniture Co. of the Pacific, Inc., 333 N.L.R.B. 717, 717, 723 (2001). In Levitz, the Board adopted a more stringent standard for withdrawals of recogni", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "333 N.L.R.B. 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec70ebb2e2d228aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 37069, "end": 37079, "quote": "Id. at 723", "context": " 723 (2001). In Levitz, the Board adopted a more stringent standard for withdrawals of recognition. Id. at 723. In doing so, the Board relied upon the fundamental policies of the NLRA, specifically those underl", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "333 N.L.R.B. 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "58f63166a812d6a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 37405, "end": 37408, "quote": "Id.", "context": "sentatives; encouraging collective bargaining; and promoting stability in bargaining relationships. Id. In light of these underlying goals, the Board held that “an employer who withdraws recognition from", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "333 N.L.R.B. 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5fc6607d459421f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 37632, "end": 37647, "quote": "Section 8(a)(5)", "context": "the honest but mistaken belief that the union has lost majority support, should be found to violate Section 8(a)(5).” Id. at 725. Good faith is not a defense. Id. The Board emphasized “that an employer with objectiv", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2740d01a594f9239", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 37650, "end": 37660, "quote": "Id. at 725", "context": "taken belief that the union has lost majority support, should be found to violate Section 8(a)(5).” Id. at 725. Good faith is not a defense. Id. The Board emphasized “that an employer with objective evidence th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "333 N.L.R.B. 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14bb66c736b9f70b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 37691, "end": 37694, "quote": "Id.", "context": "rity support, should be found to violate Section 8(a)(5).” Id. at 725. Good faith is not a defense. Id. The Board emphasized “that an employer with objective evidence that the union has lost majority sup", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "333 N.L.R.B. 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a380dc9c11c6aec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 37925, "end": 37928, "quote": "Id.", "context": "signed by a majority of the employees in the bargaining unit — withdraws recognition at its peril.” Id. Further, the Board acknowledged that it concluded “it entirely appropriate to place the burden of p", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "333 N.L.R.B. 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "abead073f0a25202", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 38088, "end": 38091, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ely appropriate to place the burden of proof on employers to show actual loss of majority support.” Id.\nIn this case, the evidence demonstrates that respondent immediately withdrew recognition of the Uni", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "333 N.L.R.B. 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8521c4b51c4e701", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 40100, "end": 40114, "quote": "19 F.3d at 460", "context": "f succeeding on the merits, the court must consider the possibility of irreparable injury.” Miller, 19 F.3d at 460. However, the Ninth Circuit recently clarified that “in evaluating the validity of the district cou", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "19 F.3d 449", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0449_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f818da59de33bdba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 40429, "end": 40441, "quote": "593 F.3d 950", "context": "howing necessary for granting such an ‘extraordinary remedy.’ ” McDermott v. Ampersand Publ’g, LLC, 593 F.3d 950, 957 (9th Cir.2010) (quoting Winter, 129 S.Ct. at 374-76). Accordingly, a party seeking interim inj", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "593 F.3d 950", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_593/0950_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "31c88c070dab51b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 40479, "end": 40498, "quote": "129 S.Ct. at 374-76", "context": "ry remedy.’ ” McDermott v. Ampersand Publ’g, LLC, 593 F.3d 950, 957 (9th Cir.2010) (quoting Winter, 129 S.Ct. at 374-76). Accordingly, a party seeking interim injunctive relief under § 10(j) must demonstrate “that he is", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_555/0007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7121be8f373ce80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 40562, "end": 40569, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "(quoting Winter, 129 S.Ct. at 374-76). Accordingly, a party seeking interim injunctive relief under § 10(j) must demonstrate “that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66fc5dd52020dc42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 40672, "end": 40675, "quote": "Id.", "context": "st demonstrate “that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief.” Id. (quoting Winter, 129 S.Ct. at 374).\nThe Ninth Circuit has noted that “the passage of the statute is", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c3e07332caaf5aca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 40693, "end": 40709, "quote": "129 S.Ct. at 374", "context": "he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief.” Id. (quoting Winter, 129 S.Ct. at 374).\nThe Ninth Circuit has noted that “the passage of the statute is itself an implied finding by Cong", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_555/0007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2f0ece5ecf08932", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 40861, "end": 40875, "quote": "19 F.3d at 459", "context": "the statute is itself an implied finding by Congress that violations will harm the public.” Miller, 19 F.3d at 459. Further, the court “must take into account the probability that declining to issue the injunction ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "19 F.3d 449", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0449_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "022c79b51d1191bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 41095, "end": 41105, "quote": "Id. at 460", "context": "ir labor practice to reach fruition and thereby render meaningless the Board’s remedial authority.” Id. at 460.\nMoreover, courts have historically held that withdrawal of union recognition is often irreparable.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "19 F.3d 449", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0449_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "82cf572deb99ff6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 41265, "end": 41278, "quote": "426 F.2d 1243", "context": " union recognition is often irreparable. See Int’l Union of Elec., Radio & Machine Workers v. NLRB, 426 F.2d 1243, 1249 (D.C.Cir.1970) (“Employee interest in a union can wane quickly as working conditions remain a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "426 F.2d 1243", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_426/1243_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "657cf234e5526aef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 41624, "end": 41642, "quote": "425 F.Supp.2d 1090", "context": "ion may find it represents only a small fraction of employees.”); Reichard v. Foster Poultry Farms, 425 F.Supp.2d 1090, 1100 (E.D.Cal.2006). Specifically, the Supreme Court has noted, “Out of its wide experience, the B", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "425 F. Supp. 2d 1090", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_425/1090_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0db35c00147a312e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 42032, "end": 42044, "quote": "321 U.S. 702", "context": "r organizational activities, and discourages their membership in unions.” Franks Bros. Co. v. NLRB, 321 U.S. 702, 704, 64 S.Ct. 817, 88 L.Ed. 1020 (1944).\nIn light of the implicit finding by Congress and the evid", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "321 U.S. 702", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "356b7f8778c6553a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 42051, "end": 42063, "quote": "64 S.Ct. 817", "context": "tivities, and discourages their membership in unions.” Franks Bros. Co. v. NLRB, 321 U.S. 702, 704, 64 S.Ct. 817, 88 L.Ed. 1020 (1944).\nIn light of the implicit finding by Congress and the evidence set forth in t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 S. Ct. 817", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0bf18b472ae70be8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 42065, "end": 42078, "quote": "88 L.Ed. 1020", "context": "discourages their membership in unions.” Franks Bros. Co. v. NLRB, 321 U.S. 702, 704, 64 S.Ct. 817, 88 L.Ed. 1020 (1944).\nIn light of the implicit finding by Congress and the evidence set forth in this ease, petit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 L. Ed. 1020", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1390c803f593d538", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 43453, "end": 43460, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "ble injury in the absence of injunctive relief.\nC. The Balance of Hardships and Public Interest\n“In § 10(j) cases, the public interest is to ensure that an unfair labor practice will not succeed because the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4324ea166fd65fdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 43755, "end": 43769, "quote": "19 F.3d at 460", "context": "xtent to which this interest is implicated under the circumstances of the particular case.” Miller, 19 F.3d at 460. In this case, petitioner has presented evidence that the Union completed a valid merger and has ma", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "19 F.3d 449", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0449_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "366f32efc78558a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 44358, "end": 44361, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ility that declining to enter an injunction will render meaningless the Board’s remedial authority. Id. The balance of hardships in this case can be stated succinctly. Given the evidence that Union suppo", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "19 F.3d 449", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_19/0449_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "82b115faf70f6f66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 45014, "end": 45021, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "e court finds that the public interest and the balance of hardships weighs in favor of granting the § 10(j) petition.\nORDER\nFor the foregoing reasons, the Board’s petition is GRANTED. It is hereby\nORDERED, A", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "558ee790a92de1ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 45841, "end": 45850, "quote": "Section 7", "context": "nterfering with, restraining or coercing employees in the exercise of the rights guaranteed them by Section 7 of the Act.\nIt is further\nORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED that, pending the final disposition of the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83ab902909841312", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 45854, "end": 45861, "quote": "the Act", "context": "th, restraining or coercing employees in the exercise of the rights guaranteed them by Section 7 of the Act.\nIt is further\nORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED that, pending the final disposition of the matters her", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e8cb6711fc85e2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 48169, "end": 48176, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "onflict of evidence does not preclude the Regional Director from making the requisite showing for a § 10(j) injunction,” and because the facts about which respondent contends there are credibility concerns a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97b8a3e912acd850", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 48400, "end": 48412, "quote": "241 F.3d 652", "context": "rt’s analysis, the court DENIED respondent’s request. Scott ex rel. NLRB v. Stephen Dunn & Assocs., 241 F.3d 652, 662 (9th Cir.2001) (abrogation recognized on other grounds); see also NLRB v. Electro-Voice, Inc.,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "241 F.3d 652", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_241/0652_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1bc061cd3e43250", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 48513, "end": 48525, "quote": "83 F.3d 1559", "context": " 662 (9th Cir.2001) (abrogation recognized on other grounds); see also NLRB v. Electro-Voice, Inc., 83 F.3d 1559, 1571 (7th Cir.1996) (holding that the district court applied the wrong standard when it resolved c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 F.3d 1559", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_83/1559_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "673251951c962edf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 49056, "end": 49059, "quote": "Id.", "context": "with Teamsters 150 and explained that she was asked to bring this idea up at the April 25 meeting. (Id.)\n. Respondent incorrectly asserted during oral argument that the Miller standard with respect to li", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bd4a49c67f80deb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 49292, "end": 49304, "quote": "593 F.3d 950", "context": " is no longer applicable after the Ninth Circuit’s decisions in McDermott v. Ampersand Publ'g, LLC, 593 F.3d 950 (9th Cir.2010) and Small v. Operative Plasters’ & Cement Masons’ Int'l Ass’n Local 200, AFL-CIO, 61", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "593 F.3d 950", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_593/0950_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8627aa867d8abcc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 49402, "end": 49414, "quote": "611 F.3d 483", "context": "50 (9th Cir.2010) and Small v. Operative Plasters’ & Cement Masons’ Int'l Ass’n Local 200, AFL-CIO, 611 F.3d 483 (9th Cir.2010). The Miller standard was overruled regarding its analysis of irreparable injury, see", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "611 F.3d 483", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_611/0483_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "91f4730baa567c54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 49734, "end": 49749, "quote": "593 F.3d at 957", "context": "lding that irreparable injury could be presumed in light of the Supreme Court's decision in Winter. 593 F.3d at 957. It did not address the district court’s review of the facts under Miller. Further, while the Small", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "593 F.3d 950", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_593/0950_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "532e0db2ef418583", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 49946, "end": 49953, "quote": "§ 10(Z)", "context": "all court addressed Miller’s likelihood of success prong in dicta, the court noted that Small was a § 10(Z) case, not a § 10(j) case, and that the rationale for Miller's standard regarding review of the fact", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "859f9e6262fd1472", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 49966, "end": 49973, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "Miller’s likelihood of success prong in dicta, the court noted that Small was a § 10(Z) case, not a § 10(j) case, and that the rationale for Miller's standard regarding review of the facts did not apply wher", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "963658e9247eadbb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 50138, "end": 50145, "quote": "§ 10(1)", "context": "iew of the facts did not apply where the Region is required to petition for injunctive relief under § 10(1)- 611 F.3d at 491 & n. 3. Accordingly, the court does not conclude that the Supreme Court's decision", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa0d2dc6f0712e2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 50147, "end": 50159, "quote": "611 F.3d at ", "context": "e facts did not apply where the Region is required to petition for injunctive relief under § 10(1)- 611 F.3d at 491 & n. 3. Accordingly, the court does not conclude that the Supreme Court's decision in Winter, no", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "611 F.3d 483", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_611/0483_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6d080fe18f1b31b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 50453, "end": 50460, "quote": "§ 10(j)", "context": "anges the standard applied in determining the likelihood of success on the merits for purposes of a § 10(j) injunction.\n. In the case of affiliation, a newly affiliated union may choose not petition the Boar", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b1f087ba951b43e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 50776, "end": 50786, "quote": "Id. at 200", "context": "ployer refuses to bargain, the union may then file an unfair labor practice charge with the Board.” Id. at 200 n. 8, 106 S.Ct. 1007. This is the procedural posture in this case. However, the Board has \"used the", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ed2cc565d269bda", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 50793, "end": 50807, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1007", "context": " bargain, the union may then file an unfair labor practice charge with the Board.” Id. at 200 n. 8, 106 S.Ct. 1007. This is the procedural posture in this case. However, the Board has \"used the same standards to ex", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3389834ae5bddb42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 51042, "end": 51045, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e arose as a defense to an unfair labor practice charge or in a petition to amend a certification.” Id.\n. However, the Supreme Court expressly noted that the NLRA \"authoriz[es] the Board to conduct a rep", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81ec84172e4eec5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 51227, "end": 51237, "quote": "Id. at 203", "context": "d to conduct a representation election only where affiliation raises a question of representation.” Id. at 203, 106 S.Ct. 1007 (emphasis in original). Where a question of representation has not been sufficientl", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0e58e1bf3e59373", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 51239, "end": 51253, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1007", "context": " a representation election only where affiliation raises a question of representation.” Id. at 203, 106 S.Ct. 1007 (emphasis in original). Where a question of representation has not been sufficiently raised, the Bo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "439107885d3bd8c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 51382, "end": 51385, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e a question of representation has not been sufficiently raised, the Board has no authority to act. Id.\n.At oral argument, respondent’s counsel argued that Seattle-First supported his contention that an ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "397baac13e83d215", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 52146, "end": 52173, "quote": "351 N.L.R.B. at 143, 146-47", "context": "rated majority support for the newly merged union in order for that merger to be valid. Cf. Kravis, 351 N.L.R.B. at 143, 146-47.\n. The court notes that the representative election was requested by the employer, not employees, a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "351 N.L.R.B. 143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01f8c5943f09ac49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 52329, "end": 52339, "quote": "Id. at 794", "context": " requested by the employer, not employees, a difference that the Ninth Circuit has found important. Id. at 794 n. 2.\n. The Board also noted that to the extent employees want to undo a union affiliation, \"they c", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33a17ebae97066a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 52507, "end": 52510, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ndo a union affiliation, \"they can — and must — pursue their goal through internal union channels.” Id.\n. Petitioner disputes the validity of the petition on the basis that it simply opposes affiliation ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "351 N.L.R.B. 143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c9c3e23c11fefc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 52793, "end": 52812, "quote": "336 N.L.R.B. at 320", "context": ", the Board has noted that disaffiliation efforts made directly with an employer is invalid. Tawas, 336 N.L.R.B. at 320. However, assuming arguendo that the employee petition was sufficient to evince dissatisfaction wit", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fda6115b5646b3a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 53442, "end": 53459, "quote": "264 N.L.R.B. 1088", "context": " and bargain with the incumbent union, in this case, Local Teamsters 150. See Dresser Indus., Inc., 264 N.L.R.B. 1088, 1089 (1982) (\"[T]he mere filing of a decertification petition will no longer require or permit an ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "264 N.L.R.B. 1088", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc29242eae7c056b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_733/1201_01/index.html", "start": 53892, "end": 53911, "quote": "336 N.L.R.B. at 320", "context": "s, it cannot withdraw recognition from an incumbent union during the term of the agreement.” Tawas, 336 N.L.R.B. at 320. As set forth above, the court concludes that petitioner has shown that the contract bar rule likel", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "336 N.L.R.B. 318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4212d21ba5cd5a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 1585, "end": 1607, "quote": "42 U.S.C. §§ 9601-9675", "context": "ant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (“CERCLA”), 42 U.S.C. §§ 9601-9675. Cross-claimant PCS Phosphate, though not a party to the administrative settlement, entered into a ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. §§ 9601-9675", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1bf217f17ea38353", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 1595, "end": 1608, "quote": "§§ 9601-9675.", "context": " Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (“CERCLA”), 42 U.S.C. §§ 9601-9675. Cross-claimant PCS Phosphate, though not a party to the administrative settlement, entered into a t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a62d623a3e36adf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 1986, "end": 1994, "quote": "§ 113(f)", "context": "nts. Plaintiffs seek contribution toward the costs of removal actions at the Ward Site, pursuant to § 113(f) of CERCLA. On September 15, 2009, PCS Phosphate counterclaimed against plaintiffs and cross-claimed", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e147847765d0111", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 2205, "end": 2213, "quote": "§ 107(a)", "context": "her defendants seeking cost recovery based on their contribution to the removal action, pursuant to § 107(a) of CERCLA. See 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a).\nClaimants allege that defendants sent electrical transformers t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f65280231f64d43b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 2229, "end": 2245, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 9607", "context": "ost recovery based on their contribution to the removal action, pursuant to § 107(a) of CERCLA. See 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a).\nClaimants allege that defendants sent electrical transformers to the Ward Site. These transform", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 9607", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e71994b36a57684", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 2239, "end": 2248, "quote": "§ 9607(a)", "context": "ry based on their contribution to the removal action, pursuant to § 107(a) of CERCLA. See 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a).\nClaimants allege that defendants sent electrical transformers to the Ward Site. These transformers", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f1f62361032e6e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 3124, "end": 3136, "quote": "§§ 107(a)(2)", "context": "tion thereof. Claimants maintain that the repair and consignment defendants are liable under CERCLA §§ 107(a)(2) and (3), while the sale defendants are liable only under § 107(a)(3).\nOn October 13, 2009, defendan", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "923a9005082f290d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 3194, "end": 3205, "quote": "§ 107(a)(3)", "context": "dants are liable under CERCLA §§ 107(a)(2) and (3), while the sale defendants are liable only under § 107(a)(3).\nOn October 13, 2009, defendants moved to dismiss the amended complaints and cross-claims. Defendan", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4f1e3a2f5df6699", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 3824, "end": 3832, "quote": "§ 107(a)", "context": "nger liability claims. However, the court granted certain defendants’ motion to dismiss plaintiffs’ § 107(a) cost recovery claims, finding that response costs incurred pursuant to an administrative settlement", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cd4e578754b8746", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 3983, "end": 3991, "quote": "§ 113(f)", "context": "incurred pursuant to an administrative settlement with the United States are recoverable only under § 113(f). Subsequently, the court ruled on several motions to dismiss particular to individual defendants.\nD", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5746e1f94f9651b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 5840, "end": 5863, "quote": "Id. at ¶¶ 14, 17-19, 23", "context": "lity (“the Ward Facility”) on eleven (11) acres of land, as well as other adjacent parcels of land. Id. at ¶¶ 14, 17-19, 23. The PCB contamination may be traced back directly to the Ward Facility, where Ward Transformer Com", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd06bd46e32efc62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 6128, "end": 6131, "quote": "Id.", "context": "mer and Sales, Inc. (collectively “Ward”) worked on and stored transformers contaminated with PCBs. Id. at ¶¶ 39^49.\nB. Georgia Power\nGeorgia Power is a Georgia corporation with its principal place of bu", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29d6d178c7e5673a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 6616, "end": 6631, "quote": "Id. at ¶¶ 52-54", "context": "own repair facility, Forest Park, to inspect the transformers and either repair or dispose of them. Id. at ¶¶ 52-54. Transformers that Georgia Power did not wish to use any longer, but still believed had some value,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ff205c28988010d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 6814, "end": 6829, "quote": "Id. at ¶¶ 60-61", "context": "d had some value, were transferred to its Salvage Department (a.k.a. Investment Recovery) and sold. Id. at ¶¶ 60-61. Before sale, Georgia Power usually removed the oil from transformers by pumping them twice. Id. at", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "316c722b6952756b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 6923, "end": 6934, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 70", "context": " 60-61. Before sale, Georgia Power usually removed the oil from transformers by pumping them twice. Id. at ¶ 70.\nRemoving oil from a transformer through this double pumping method leaves a sheen or residue of oi", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b3867fb0a1b4beac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 8424, "end": 8436, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 132", "context": " twenty transformers to Electric Equipment Company of New York (“EEC”), a business partner to Ward. Id. at ¶ 132. Those transformers were shipped to Ward for storage. Id. Therefore, the alleged liability of Georg", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fcb416ae8aafd6f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 8491, "end": 8494, "quote": "Id.", "context": "C”), a business partner to Ward. Id. at ¶ 132. Those transformers were shipped to Ward for storage. Id. Therefore, the alleged liability of Georgia Power includes these twenty transformers sold by SEPCo,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59d0b50d291f38c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 10600, "end": 10611, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 65", "context": ". All twenty (20) transformers were drained of oil before they were physically transferred to Ward. Id. at ¶ 65. All of the transformers were resold, most after being rebuilt by Ward, to third parties. Id. at ¶ ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a42f940ff25c408", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 10702, "end": 10713, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 66", "context": ". at ¶ 65. All of the transformers were resold, most after being rebuilt by Ward, to third parties. Id. at ¶ 66; Brewer Dep. 470-71; Georgia Power’s Supp. Material Ex. H, Part 2 (containing Ward Order Sheets or ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d670f2913a28142", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 11282, "end": 11297, "quote": "Id. at ¶¶ 68-71", "context": "ransformers) for which Ward bid on three lots and won two, while competing against other companies. Id. at ¶¶ 68-71. According to Ward’s records, those two lots totaled eighteen (18) transformers, but Ward only purc", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84d32bd1a181aab2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 11447, "end": 11458, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 72", "context": "led eighteen (18) transformers, but Ward only purchased and took possession of eleven (11) of them. Id. at ¶ 72. Ward records also indicated that either three or four of these transformers contained oil. Id. at ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba7226079819f950", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 11551, "end": 11562, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 74", "context": "at ¶ 72. Ward records also indicated that either three or four of these transformers contained oil. Id. at ¶ 74; Georgia Power’s Supp. Material Ex. I, Part 1, GPCIronMtn-0031 -32, and Part 2, WT005451. Those tra", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2e90b3ddc320e54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 11909, "end": 11920, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 76", "context": " Georgia Power in April 1984 were subsequently resold, after ten were rebuilt and one was repaired. Id. at ¶ 76, and Exs. A, D.\n4. October 1984 Sales Transaction\nOn October 25, 1984, Ward purchased twenty-seven ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b97164085f22f2e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 12328, "end": 12343, "quote": "Id. at ¶¶ 78-80", "context": "bid, and Ward bid on all six lots of padmount transformers, in competition against other companies. Id. at ¶¶ 78-80. Ward won four of the lots as highest bidder and purchased all twenty-seven (27) transformers, whic", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a5f2a74321dd7d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 12463, "end": 12478, "quote": "Id. at ¶¶ 81-83", "context": "he lots as highest bidder and purchased all twenty-seven (27) transformers, which contained no oil. Id. at ¶¶ 81-83. All of these transformers were resold, most after being repaired, rebuilt or reconditioned, by War", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5be55d9e2ae88483", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 12598, "end": 12609, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 84", "context": "formers were resold, most after being repaired, rebuilt or reconditioned, by Ward to third parties. Id. at ¶ 84, and Exs. A, B, D; Georgia Power’s Supp. Material Ex. J, Parts 1,3.\n5. January 1980 Sales Transacti", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c01604c5ee57491", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 13472, "end": 13484, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 101", "context": "’ Joint Resp. ¶¶ 103-104. The transformers all contained oil, with some level of PCB contamination. Id. at ¶ 101. All twenty (20) of the SEPCo transformers were subsequently resold by Ward or EEC to third parties", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c78f3a5d9917452", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 13646, "end": 13658, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 105", "context": "resold by Ward or EEC to third parties, after repairing, rebuilding or reconditioning some of them. Id. at ¶ 105. For the transformers where records of resale price are available, Ward resold the SEPCo transforme", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a00c43eccc7086ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 13805, "end": 13817, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 106", "context": "price are available, Ward resold the SEPCo transformers for more money than it paid to obtain them. Id. at ¶ 106; Georgia Power’s SUMF, Ex. D.\nDISCUSSION\nA. Standard of Review\nSummary judgment is appropriate wher", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0fe6bcbc52816d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 14110, "end": 14122, "quote": "477 U.S. 242", "context": "s entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a); see also Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. 242, 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986) (holding that a factual dispute is “material” only i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1162c1d5938aec9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 14132, "end": 14146, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": " as a matter of law.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a); see also Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. 242, 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986) (holding that a factual dispute is “material” only if it might affect the ou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb7dcd929fc5c68f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 14148, "end": 14162, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": "law.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a); see also Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. 242, 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986) (holding that a factual dispute is “material” only if it might affect the outcome of the sui", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a70e3b146d7020b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 14526, "end": 14538, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": "urden of demonstrating the absence of any genuine issue of material fact. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). Once the moving party has met its burden, the nonmovin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65f5d662127122b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 14545, "end": 14559, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": "ing the absence of any genuine issue of material fact. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). Once the moving party has met its burden, the nonmoving party then must aff", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31894779ec803de5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 14561, "end": 14575, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": "of any genuine issue of material fact. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). Once the moving party has met its burden, the nonmoving party then must affirmatively demon", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65f84e63ad9eacd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 14829, "end": 14841, "quote": "475 U.S. 574", "context": "ine issue of material fact requiring trial. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986).\nSummary judgment is not a vehicle for the court to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e93d8df5d42352e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 14851, "end": 14865, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "fact requiring trial. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986).\nSummary judgment is not a vehicle for the court to weigh the evidence and d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "783c7a4ee788cd8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 14867, "end": 14881, "quote": "89 L.Ed.2d 538", "context": "rial. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986).\nSummary judgment is not a vehicle for the court to weigh the evidence and determine the tru", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 2d 538", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88bc0ed76b58530c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 15068, "end": 15083, "quote": "477 U.S. at 249", "context": "rmine the truth of the matter, but to determine whether a genuine issue exists for trial. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 249, 106 S.Ct. 2505. In making this determination, the court must view the inferences drawn from the un", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b07b9e0e873cb0cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 15085, "end": 15099, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "f the matter, but to determine whether a genuine issue exists for trial. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 249, 106 S.Ct. 2505. In making this determination, the court must view the inferences drawn from the underlying facts i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0675b150e44c7435", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 15282, "end": 15294, "quote": "369 U.S. 654", "context": "nderlying facts in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party. United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962). Only disputes between the parties over facts that might a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "369 U.S. 654", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a70f8a942d92a2e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 15301, "end": 15313, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 993", "context": "the light most favorable to the nonmoving party. United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962). Only disputes between the parties over facts that might affect the outcome o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 993", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05a320d3949632b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 15315, "end": 15328, "quote": "8 L.Ed.2d 176", "context": " favorable to the nonmoving party. United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962). Only disputes between the parties over facts that might affect the outcome of the case prop", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 L. Ed. 2d 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c45387bdfcfebdc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 15483, "end": 15501, "quote": "477 U.S. at 247-48", "context": "hat might affect the outcome of the case properly preclude the entry of summary judgment. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505. Accordingly, the court must examine the materiality and the genuineness of the all", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf84413ce80de7aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 15503, "end": 15517, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": " outcome of the case properly preclude the entry of summary judgment. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505. Accordingly, the court must examine the materiality and the genuineness of the alleged fact issues", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8cced8bfc8038959", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 15644, "end": 15657, "quote": "Id. at 248-49", "context": "st examine the materiality and the genuineness of the alleged fact issues in ruling on this motion. Id. at 248-49, 106 S.Ct. 2505.\nB. Evidentiary Matters\nAs a preliminary matter, the court considers first the disp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "203a1a300c8d6b8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 15659, "end": 15673, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "materiality and the genuineness of the alleged fact issues in ruling on this motion. Id. at 248-49, 106 S.Ct. 2505.\nB. Evidentiary Matters\nAs a preliminary matter, the court considers first the disputes raised by G", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45963affaffbcc86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 16659, "end": 16675, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 9607", "context": "f Def.’s Mot. for Summ. J. 5). In order to establish a prima facie case of arranger liability under 42 U.S.C. § 9607, a plaintiff must show: (1) that the defendants owned or possessed hazardous substances; (2) that t", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 9607", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_9607/title42_sec9607_011dd6c7e6f3/9607_liability_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "0196b5a4f7e78fc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 17140, "end": 17155, "quote": "618 F.Supp. 884", "context": "t the release or threatened release caused the incurrence of response costs. United States v. Ward. 618 F.Supp. 884, 893-94 (E.D.N.C.1985).\nAs to the second element above: “An entity may qualify as an arranger under", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "618 F. Supp. 884", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_618/0884_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e5c733e6807f93a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 17267, "end": 17279, "quote": "§ 9607(a)(3)", "context": "D.N.C.1985).\nAs to the second element above: “An entity may qualify as an arranger under [42 U.S.C] § 9607(a)(3) when it takes intentional steps to dispose of a hazardous substance.” Burlington N. & Santa Fe Ry. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa3df03a65536e7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 17401, "end": 17413, "quote": "556 U.S. 599", "context": "onal steps to dispose of a hazardous substance.” Burlington N. & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. United States, 556 U.S. 599, 610, 129 S.Ct. 1870, 173 L.Ed.2d 812 (2009). The determination of intent for the purposes arranger", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "556 U.S. 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "03c5a128937198cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 17420, "end": 17434, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "se of a hazardous substance.” Burlington N. & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. United States, 556 U.S. 599, 610, 129 S.Ct. 1870, 173 L.Ed.2d 812 (2009). The determination of intent for the purposes arranger liability is “fact i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f8dbd53b8b4f8e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 17436, "end": 17451, "quote": "173 L.Ed.2d 812", "context": "s substance.” Burlington N. & Santa Fe Ry. Co. v. United States, 556 U.S. 599, 610, 129 S.Ct. 1870, 173 L.Ed.2d 812 (2009). The determination of intent for the purposes arranger liability is “fact intensive and case", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "173 L. Ed. 2d 812", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "454f14aaeb65c593", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 17617, "end": 17620, "quote": "Id.", "context": "bility is “fact intensive and case specific,” where several factors may be considered by the court. Id. Knowledge of disposal is one such factor, see Burlington N., 556 U.S. at 612, 129 S.Ct. 1870, and o", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "173 L. Ed. 2d 812", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00e6a9f6ee893c06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 17682, "end": 17697, "quote": "556 U.S. at 612", "context": "rs may be considered by the court. Id. Knowledge of disposal is one such factor, see Burlington N., 556 U.S. at 612, 129 S.Ct. 1870, and others include “the value of the materials sold, the usefulness of the materia", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "556 U.S. 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "309700956cfdd998", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 17699, "end": 17713, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "red by the court. Id. Knowledge of disposal is one such factor, see Burlington N., 556 U.S. at 612, 129 S.Ct. 1870, and others include “the value of the materials sold, the usefulness of the materials in the condit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "05fcfa3ee5ce39be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 17968, "end": 17980, "quote": "142 F.3d 769", "context": "ct at the time of transferral.... ” Pneumo Abex Corp. v. High Point, Thomasville & Denton R.R. Co., 142 F.3d 769, 775 (4th Cir.1998).\nIn Pneumo Abex. plaintiff sued for contribution for the costs of cleaning up a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dd8b31e8fecf268e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 18175, "end": 18193, "quote": "142 F.3d at 772-73", "context": " up a railroad parts foundry that was designated as a Superfund Site by the EPA. Pneumo Abex Corp., 142 F.3d at 772-73. Defendants in that case sold used journal bearings to the foundry for processing into new bearings", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e059f7e2d55a60b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 18295, "end": 18305, "quote": "Id. at 772", "context": "Defendants in that case sold used journal bearings to the foundry for processing into new bearings. Id. at 772. Used bearings were coated in dirt and grease, and made of lead and brass. Id. at 772-73. The selle", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "981c0719b050cce4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 18381, "end": 18394, "quote": "Id. at 772-73", "context": "new bearings. Id. at 772. Used bearings were coated in dirt and grease, and made of lead and brass. Id. at 772-73. The sellers would ship in old bearings, then receive a credit toward the purchase of new bearings.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1f5c7c729939ba34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 18495, "end": 18505, "quote": "Id. at 773", "context": " The sellers would ship in old bearings, then receive a credit toward the purchase of new bearings. Id. at 773. The sales price or credit was calculated according to the weight of the bearings, subtracting the ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "111a42425c4e53ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 18632, "end": 18635, "quote": "Id.", "context": " was calculated according to the weight of the bearings, subtracting the weight of dirt and grease. Id. The foundry would heat the used bearings to clean off impurities, and separate the lead from the br", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1e8a4f80b88416a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 18746, "end": 18749, "quote": "Id.", "context": "y would heat the used bearings to clean off impurities, and separate the lead from the brass parts. Id. This process released heavy metals onto the foundry site that were later determined to be hazardous", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d38b499ef1a3f98f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 18884, "end": 18887, "quote": "Id.", "context": " onto the foundry site that were later determined to be hazardous substances requiring remediation. Id. Plaintiff alleged arranger liability against the sellers under CERCLA on summary judgment. Id. at 7", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "644dcfc2f155185f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 18979, "end": 18989, "quote": "Id. at 774", "context": "ion. Id. Plaintiff alleged arranger liability against the sellers under CERCLA on summary judgment. Id. at 774. The court held that defendant could not be held liable for arranging disposal because the transact", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7a841cc7bea88c1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 19132, "end": 19145, "quote": "Id. at 775-76", "context": "e held liable for arranging disposal because the transaction involved the sale of a useful product. Id. at 775-76.\nIn so holding, the court reasoned that several factors are relevant to determining if “a transacti", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ed5a455edc970106", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 19336, "end": 19346, "quote": "Id. at 775", "context": "transaction was for the discard of hazardous substances or for the sale of valuable materials.... ” Id. at 775. The court recognized that the used bearings were “dirty and broken when they arrived,” and had to ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f81746122e1c0800", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 19514, "end": 19517, "quote": "Id.", "context": " when they arrived,” and had to be “melted down in a process which produced both dust and slag....” Id. However, it found that the purpose of the transaction was not to remove contaminants, although that", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1862276f2b132749", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 19668, "end": 19671, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ion was not to remove contaminants, although that removal was incidental to remolding new bearings. Id. The court also noted that the foundry paid a competitive price for the bearings themselves, showing", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e34f31e89cd3e4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 19850, "end": 19863, "quote": "Id. at 775-76", "context": "s themselves, showing that the “parties contemplated that the bearings were a valuable product....” Id. at 775-76.\nIn Burlington Northern, the Supreme Court stated that the disposal of hazardous waste must be spec", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8db739fbfd72e08f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 20003, "end": 20021, "quote": "556 U.S. at 611-12", "context": "urt stated that the disposal of hazardous waste must be specifically planned for it to be arranged. 556 U.S. at 611-12,129 S.Ct. 1870. The Court laid out a spectrum to illustrate the limits of arranger liability under ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "556 U.S. 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e4ff3cd4279a1db4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 20022, "end": 20036, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": " disposal of hazardous waste must be specifically planned for it to be arranged. 556 U.S. at 611-12,129 S.Ct. 1870. The Court laid out a spectrum to illustrate the limits of arranger liability under CERCLA. Id. at ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4499b511387f6a5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 20129, "end": 20142, "quote": "Id. at 609-10", "context": "t. 1870. The Court laid out a spectrum to illustrate the limits of arranger liability under CERCLA. Id. at 609-10, 129 S.Ct. 1870. In particular, the court stated:\nIt is plain from the language of the statute that", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21b6b6776509a7e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 20144, "end": 20158, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "urt laid out a spectrum to illustrate the limits of arranger liability under CERCLA. Id. at 609-10, 129 S.Ct. 1870. In particular, the court stated:\nIt is plain from the language of the statute that CERCLA liabilit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eda8b54c01f6575e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 20279, "end": 20291, "quote": "§ 9607(a)(3)", "context": "court stated:\nIt is plain from the language of the statute that CERCLA liability would attach under § 9607(a)(3) if an entity were to enter into a transaction for the sole purpose of discarding a used and no long", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca655360db7da5d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 20674, "end": 20687, "quote": "Id. at 609-10", "context": "t later, and unbeknownst to the seller, disposed of the product in a way that led to contamination.\nId. at 609-10,129 S.Ct. 1870.\nIn Burlington Northern, Shell Oil Company sold pesticides to an agricultural chemic", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dab827521646dad8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 20688, "end": 20702, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "nbeknownst to the seller, disposed of the product in a way that led to contamination.\nId. at 609-10,129 S.Ct. 1870.\nIn Burlington Northern, Shell Oil Company sold pesticides to an agricultural chemical distributor,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5878f33db5ef45dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 20810, "end": 20824, "quote": "Id. at 602-603", "context": "lington Northern, Shell Oil Company sold pesticides to an agricultural chemical distributor, B & B. Id. at 602-603, 129 S.Ct. 1870. The pesticides were purchased in bulk, and spills occurred at several points of tr", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73993c645515b8e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 20826, "end": 20840, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": ", Shell Oil Company sold pesticides to an agricultural chemical distributor, B & B. Id. at 602-603, 129 S.Ct. 1870. The pesticides were purchased in bulk, and spills occurred at several points of transfer, includin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "77211a037f45ee78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 21036, "end": 21050, "quote": "Id. at 603-604", "context": "uding when the product arrived at the site, and was distributed to storage tanks or trucks or rigs. Id. at 603-604, 129 S.Ct. 1870. Shell was aware that spills occurred and tried to limit such incidents by providin", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c04262f63616e7c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 21052, "end": 21066, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "roduct arrived at the site, and was distributed to storage tanks or trucks or rigs. Id. at 603-604, 129 S.Ct. 1870. Shell was aware that spills occurred and tried to limit such incidents by providing safety manuals", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4cb1a70d54f5e903", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 21291, "end": 21301, "quote": "Id. at 604", "context": "counts for implementing safe practices, and even requiring inspections for compliance with the law. Id. at 604, 129 S.Ct. 1870. B & B still operated in a manner that caused contamination of soil and groundwater", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2efcd946a66b920", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 21303, "end": 21317, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "mplementing safe practices, and even requiring inspections for compliance with the law. Id. at 604, 129 S.Ct. 1870. B & B still operated in a manner that caused contamination of soil and groundwater, eventually lea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1d5127438319500b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 21443, "end": 21453, "quote": "Id. at 605", "context": "a manner that caused contamination of soil and groundwater, eventually leading to CERCLA liability. Id. at 605, 129 S.Ct. 1870. The Supreme Court considered Shell’s knowledge that pesticides leaked at the B & B", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aaf9d170e82dc593", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 21455, "end": 21469, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "t caused contamination of soil and groundwater, eventually leading to CERCLA liability. Id. at 605, 129 S.Ct. 1870. The Supreme Court considered Shell’s knowledge that pesticides leaked at the B & B site, but recog", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff516f14b5c41c7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 21675, "end": 21685, "quote": "Id. at 612", "context": "that is just one factor to consider when determining the specific purpose of the sales transaction. Id. at 612, 129 S.Ct. 1870. The spills and leaks of pesticides were something that Shell tried to avoid by imp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c19ea4dc43aebe97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 21687, "end": 21701, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": " one factor to consider when determining the specific purpose of the sales transaction. Id. at 612, 129 S.Ct. 1870. The spills and leaks of pesticides were something that Shell tried to avoid by implementing numero", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "338f056b2e1dc374", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 21824, "end": 21837, "quote": "Id. at 612-13", "context": "of pesticides were something that Shell tried to avoid by implementing numerous safety precautions. Id. at 612-13, 129 S.Ct. 1870. Even though these measures were not “wholly successful,” the Court held that Shell", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47bbdbd4d08294a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 21839, "end": 21853, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "ere something that Shell tried to avoid by implementing numerous safety precautions. Id. at 612-13, 129 S.Ct. 1870. Even though these measures were not “wholly successful,” the Court held that Shell could not be su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a013e0a20d65440c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 22057, "end": 22067, "quote": "Id. at 613", "context": "t to arranger liability under CERCLA, where the transactions amounted to sales of a useful product. Id. at 613,129 S.Ct. 1870.\nTurning to the factors considered when making an arranger liability determination, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb3a52bc807abf4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 22068, "end": 22082, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "er liability under CERCLA, where the transactions amounted to sales of a useful product. Id. at 613,129 S.Ct. 1870.\nTurning to the factors considered when making an arranger liability determination, this court look", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67c79d0cf26efdae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 22249, "end": 22264, "quote": "142 F.3d at 775", "context": "ty determination, this court looks first to the value of the materials sold. See Pneumo Abex Corp., 142 F.3d at 775. Here, the one hundred and one (101) Georgia Power transformers at issue were sold through auctions", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "116383f4270f662b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 22594, "end": 22616, "quote": "Id. at ¶¶ 25-27, 44-45", "context": "00 and $3,200.00 per transformer (as calculated according to bids obtained on a pay per KVA basis). Id. at ¶¶ 25-27, 44-45. Ward was able to resell most or all of the transformers that it purchased from Georgia Power, afte", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7302f89d7086b847", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 22836, "end": 22864, "quote": "Id. at ¶¶ 58, 66, 76, 84, 85", "context": "/or reconfiguration, making thousands of dollars more than what Ward paid Georgia Power, on resale. Id. at ¶¶ 58, 66, 76, 84, 85. Ward’s own business included the purchase, modification and resale of used electrical equipment. (", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25e4b90a33f805f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 22964, "end": 22967, "quote": "Id.", "context": ". Ward’s own business included the purchase, modification and resale of used electrical equipment. (Id. at ¶¶ 5-6.) Clearly, the transformers that Georgia Power sold to Ward had marketable value. Ward De", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e891adf675924b15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 23202, "end": 23217, "quote": "142 F.3d at 775", "context": "t to consider is the usefulness of the materials at the time they were sold. See Pneumo Abex Corp., 142 F.3d at 775. Notably, used transformers have been found by other courts to be useful materials. See, e.g., Flor", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e67cbca544d81034", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 23364, "end": 23377, "quote": "893 F.2d 1313", "context": " other courts to be useful materials. See, e.g., Florida Power & Light Co. v. Allis Chalmesr Corp., 893 F.2d 1313, 1319 (9th Cir.1990) (finding that forty year-old transformers with PCB-laden oil, sold as scrap at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "893 F.2d 1313", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_893/1313_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e8e6a65295a3e71b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 23696, "end": 23711, "quote": "2011 WL 1106228", "context": "for disposal of hazardous waste); Schiavone v. Northeast Utilities Service Co., No. 3:08CV429(AWT), 2011 WL 1106228, at *5-6 (D.Conn. Mar. 22, 2011) (finding that sales of used transformers for scrap metal, which we", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2011 WL 1106228", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e39b023311c9b69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 24538, "end": 24553, "quote": "142 F.3d at 775", "context": " sold as scrap to be melted down and remade were useful at the time of sale. See Pneumo Abex Corp., 142 F.3d at 775.\nThe “state” of the product at the time of sale focuses on whether the hazardous material at issue ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d32e0752706f6e21", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 24698, "end": 24713, "quote": "142 F.3d at 775", "context": "ale focuses on whether the hazardous material at issue was contained or leaking. Pneumo Abex Corp., 142 F.3d at 775. Here, none of the transformers filled with oil were leaking at the time of sale, because they were", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "100ccf47075e0db9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 25179, "end": 25198, "quote": "556 U.S. at 603-604", "context": "e allegations do not amount to leaking at the time of sale, as contemplated by Burlington Northern, 556 U.S. at 603-604, 129 S.Ct. 1870 (describing the spills and leaks that took place during the transfer of pesticides ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "556 U.S. 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "868d415a92bc9237", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 25200, "end": 25214, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "amount to leaking at the time of sale, as contemplated by Burlington Northern, 556 U.S. at 603-604, 129 S.Ct. 1870 (describing the spills and leaks that took place during the transfer of pesticides that were shippe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "64bcb2c96ca2a136", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 26013, "end": 26028, "quote": "556 U.S. at 612", "context": "herwise discarded” as a result of its transactions with Ward. See Burlington N. & Santa Fe Ry. Co., 556 U.S. at 612, 129 S.Ct. 1870. “[Kjnowledge alone is insufficient to prove that an entity ‘planned for’ the dispo", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "556 U.S. 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7203a857efc3c937", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 26030, "end": 26044, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "” as a result of its transactions with Ward. See Burlington N. & Santa Fe Ry. Co., 556 U.S. at 612, 129 S.Ct. 1870. “[Kjnowledge alone is insufficient to prove that an entity ‘planned for’ the disposal----” Id. In ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cd8b83c88245aa3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 26137, "end": 26140, "quote": "Id.", "context": "t. 1870. “[Kjnowledge alone is insufficient to prove that an entity ‘planned for’ the disposal----” Id. In this case, where all other factors counsel toward a finding that Georgia Power lacked the requis", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "da8584249a3a0654", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 26738, "end": 26753, "quote": "556 U.S. at 612", "context": "nsformer repair and that PCBs in transformer oil are toxic), with Burlington N. & Santa Fe Ry. Co., 556 U.S. at 612, 129 S.Ct. 1870 (recognizing Shell’s specific knowledge that its product would be spilled and leake", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "556 U.S. 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c1bc37edf69dd984", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 26755, "end": 26769, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "nd that PCBs in transformer oil are toxic), with Burlington N. & Santa Fe Ry. Co., 556 U.S. at 612, 129 S.Ct. 1870 (recognizing Shell’s specific knowledge that its product would be spilled and leaked upon transfer)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dfc11d1cbf8a21d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 27476, "end": 27488, "quote": "390 F.3d 433", "context": "y, or at least against granting summary judgment for Georgia Power. In GenCorp, Inc. v. Olin Corp., 390 F.3d 433 (6th Cir.2004), the court recognized the relationship between a manufacturing plaint and a chemical", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "390 F.3d 433", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_390/0433_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2a241f674dfcf44b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 27721, "end": 27736, "quote": "390 F.3d at 437", "context": "ilt with the suppliers assistance, was “a business relationship that defie[d] easy categorization.” 390 F.3d at 437. The court found arranger liability of the chemical supplier in that case because of the close and ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "390 F.3d 433", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_390/0433_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "46bcb0e31742a23d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 28169, "end": 28179, "quote": "Id. at 446", "context": "disposal locations, and both corporations funded research on reducing waste to be disposed offsite. Id. at 446. Here, there is no evidence of the type of unique relationship the court examined in GenCorp, but m", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "390 F.3d 433", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_390/0433_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e6a4b871df8ec41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 28452, "end": 28465, "quote": "100 F.3d 1227", "context": " over the course of two years, and Ward purchased them.\nUnited States v. Cello-Foil Products. Inc., 100 F.3d 1227 (6th Cir.1996), is similarly inapposite. That court found that there was a genuine issue of materia", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 F.3d 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_100/1227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b5cebc3b148103b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 28681, "end": 28692, "quote": "Id. at 1234", "context": " intent of the parties for the purpose of determining arranger liability, denying summary judgment. Id. at 1234. The Sixth Circuit relied heavily on the fact that defendants had knowledge of disposal. Id. at 123", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "100 F.3d 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_100/1227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "19c713bcbca09b71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 28782, "end": 28793, "quote": "Id. at 1233", "context": "d. at 1234. The Sixth Circuit relied heavily on the fact that defendants had knowledge of disposal. Id. at 1233. As discussed infra. Burlington Northern counsels against a heavy reliance on “knowledge alone.” Ho", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "100 F.3d 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_100/1227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b363e5490fa24213", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 29072, "end": 29091, "quote": "100 F.3d at 1233-34", "context": "eturning drums with some amount of unused solvents to a supplier for a deposit return on the drums. 100 F.3d at 1233-34. Here, Georgia Power did not return a mere container for a deposit, but sold transformers at auctio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "100 F.3d 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_100/1227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "07a7a7ff939690bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 29840, "end": 29858, "quote": "556 U.S. at 611-12", "context": "ced by a party taking “intentional steps to dispose of a hazardous substance.” Burlington Northern, 556 U.S. at 611-12, 129 S.Ct. 1870 (citing Cello-Foil Prods., Inc., 100 F.3d at 1231). Therefore, Cello-Foil as interp", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "556 U.S. 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "163d17b7a9ae8b2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 29860, "end": 29874, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1870", "context": "g “intentional steps to dispose of a hazardous substance.” Burlington Northern, 556 U.S. at 611-12, 129 S.Ct. 1870 (citing Cello-Foil Prods., Inc., 100 F.3d at 1231). Therefore, Cello-Foil as interpreted by Burling", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1870", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "26c845492a13d7b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 29908, "end": 29924, "quote": "100 F.3d at 1231", "context": "ubstance.” Burlington Northern, 556 U.S. at 611-12, 129 S.Ct. 1870 (citing Cello-Foil Prods., Inc., 100 F.3d at 1231). Therefore, Cello-Foil as interpreted by Burlington Northern does require specific intent to dispo", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "100 F.3d 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_100/1227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e4110bacb83ef047", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 30159, "end": 30171, "quote": "670 F.3d 377", "context": "LCA.\nPlaintiffs also rely on the more recent First Circuit case United States v. General Elec. Co., 670 F.3d 377 (1st Cir.2012), to assert that Georgia Power is liable as an arranger due to its understanding that", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "670 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_670/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "45adbbc0cd3a8b9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 30545, "end": 30560, "quote": "670 F.3d at 380", "context": "ste pyranol (an insulating material that contains PCBs), and stored it in drums. General Elec. Co., 670 F.3d at 380. GE began a business relationship with a paint manufacturing businessman (“Fletcher”), whereby Flet", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "670 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_670/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f04634497fd758e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 30753, "end": 30756, "quote": "Id.", "context": "by Fletcher purchased scrap pyranol for low prices to use as a plasticizer additive for his paints. Id. Their business relationship continued for over a decade, but deteriorated when Fletcher fell behind", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "670 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_670/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "128fb9be02537b72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 30957, "end": 30970, "quote": "Id. at 380-81", "context": "in payments, and GE’s scrap pyranol fell below purity standards for Fletcher’s paint manufacturing. Id. at 380-81. Subsequently, the EPA sought to recover costs from GE for cleaning up leaking drums of scrap pyran", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "670 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_670/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "452dbc105fc22365", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 31149, "end": 31162, "quote": "Id. at 381-82", "context": " drums of scrap pyranol at Fletcher’s former storage facility under a theory of arranger liability. Id. at 381-82. The First Circuit affirmed the lower court’s determination, following a bench trial, that GE was a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "670 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_670/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c4c780bf1331ecda", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 31303, "end": 31313, "quote": "Id. at 391", "context": "urt’s determination, following a bench trial, that GE was an arranger within the meaning of CERCLA. Id. at 391.\nGeneral Electric is distinguishable from this case in two important aspects. First, there was “amp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "670 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_670/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f315a394727d5f5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 31788, "end": 31806, "quote": "670 F.3d at 385-86", "context": "ity control where the pyranol was contaminated with other substances or objects. General Elec. Co., 670 F.3d at 385-86. Here, Georgia Power considered the transformers to have some marketable value, where it offered th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "670 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_670/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa5f8fe6cdb5f93e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 32154, "end": 32164, "quote": "Id. at 386", "context": " any “general demand for scrap pyranol other than the “idiosyncratic” use that Fletcher had for it. Id. at 386. In this case, there is ample evidence in the record, and in comparison to analogous case law, to s", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "670 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_670/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c20058d8ea66d9b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 34610, "end": 34619, "quote": "§§ 107(a)", "context": "ntiffs CP & L and Consol originally sought recovery of and/or contribution toward these costs under §§ 107(a) and 113(f) of CERCLA. However, by order entered March 24, 2010, and September 8, 2010, plaintiffs' ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "adf63689d38ef386", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 34719, "end": 34727, "quote": "§ 107(a)", "context": " and 113(f) of CERCLA. However, by order entered March 24, 2010, and September 8, 2010, plaintiffs' § 107(a) cost recovery claims were dismissed.\n. Section 107(a)(2) makes liable \"any person who at the time o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df309cde7b21f771", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 34767, "end": 34784, "quote": "Section 107(a)(2)", "context": " March 24, 2010, and September 8, 2010, plaintiffs' § 107(a) cost recovery claims were dismissed.\n. Section 107(a)(2) makes liable \"any person who at the time of disposal of any hazardous substance owned or operated a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ce18af12b152029", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 34950, "end": 34966, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 9607", "context": "dous substance owned or operated any facility at which such hazardous substances were disposed of.” 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a)(2). Section 107(a)(3) makes liable \"any person who by contract, agreement, or otherwise arranged", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 9607", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_9607/title42_sec9607_011dd6c7e6f3/9607_liability_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6a79251b7d459a39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 34960, "end": 34972, "quote": "§ 9607(a)(2)", "context": "ance owned or operated any facility at which such hazardous substances were disposed of.” 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a)(2). Section 107(a)(3) makes liable \"any person who by contract, agreement, or otherwise arranged for d", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_9607/title42_sec9607_011dd6c7e6f3/9607_liability_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "8cee17640eb8e029", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 34974, "end": 34991, "quote": "Section 107(a)(3)", "context": "operated any facility at which such hazardous substances were disposed of.” 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a)(2). Section 107(a)(3) makes liable \"any person who by contract, agreement, or otherwise arranged for disposal or treatmen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec5383125e2ffbc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 35382, "end": 35398, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 9607", "context": "tion vessel owned or operated by another party or entity and containing such hazardous substances.” 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a)(3).\n. The parties subsequently stipulated, in consent order dated September 8, 2010, that plaint", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 9607", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_9607/title42_sec9607_011dd6c7e6f3/9607_liability_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "87ae2a6993fd42e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 35392, "end": 35404, "quote": "§ 9607(a)(3)", "context": "l owned or operated by another party or entity and containing such hazardous substances.” 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a)(3).\n. The parties subsequently stipulated, in consent order dated September 8, 2010, that plaintiffs' ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_9607/title42_sec9607_011dd6c7e6f3/9607_liability_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec67b0c07d55f5a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 35504, "end": 35512, "quote": "§ 107(a)", "context": ".\n. The parties subsequently stipulated, in consent order dated September 8, 2010, that plaintiffs' § 107(a) cost recovery claims as to the remaining defendants were also dismissed (although cross-claimant PC", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fa4a13930536f5b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 35626, "end": 35634, "quote": "§ 107(a)", "context": " claims as to the remaining defendants were also dismissed (although cross-claimant PCS Phosphate's § 107(a) cost recovery claims were unaffected).\n.Note that in said order, there were originally three test c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80813777c5ffa2ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 38508, "end": 38521, "quote": "sections 1-4.", "context": "ere drained using a double pumping method. See Brown Dep. 16-17, 27-28, 31, 47-48, 51, 81-82; infra sections 1-4. Plaintiffs’ evidence consists of testimony of Ward employees about how all types of transformers we", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "730830cb4bb22aae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 39079, "end": 39089, "quote": "section 3.", "context": " inspection, Ward returned some transformers to Georgia Power instead of purchasing them. See infra section 3.\n. Plaintiffs dispute the terminology \"resold” where many transformers were rebuilt or re-manufactur", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bd95bbb7b706258", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 40238, "end": 40249, "quote": "Id. at ¶ 83", "context": "of oil tested at 17.4 ppm PCBs, which Ward cannot account for according to its standard procedures. Id. at ¶ 83; Brewer Aff. 12, Ex. K. Based upon this inventory card, plaintiffs contend that the residual oil ca", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe82da75635ad5fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 41423, "end": 41438, "quote": "142 F.3d at 775", "context": "n that it was not bought for value, or that the seller was arranging for disposal under CERLCA. See 142 F.3d at 775 (considering usefulness of used ball bearings that had to be melted down and reformed into new ones", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "142 F.3d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6b089958fc7e1806", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_921/0488_01/index.html", "start": 41795, "end": 41807, "quote": "supra fn. 11", "context": "or for the court to consider in determining the intent of the parties to the sales transaction. See supra fn. 11. Here it is clear that the intent was to sell useful products, i.e., the transformers which indispu", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b4fd06b2d13f7cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 188, "end": 201, "quote": "Section 13(d)", "context": "’s frequently included lawsuits by takeover targets claiming that potential aggressors had violated Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) by failing accurately to disclose the m", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42e00c400c8e615b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 1150, "end": 1163, "quote": "Section 13(d)", "context": "are acting secretly as a group to accomplish this end, and that all of the defendants have violated Section 13(d) in a variety of respects. They claim also that defendants have triggered Hailwood’s “poison pill” a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9dae13c08a39d2cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 4732, "end": 4745, "quote": "Section 13(d)", "context": "tly or indirectly, at least 2 percent of Hailwood’s units, although it has filed no schedules under Section 13(d).\nThe Group Allegations\nThe complaint alleges that Gotham has been planning a takeover of Hailwood f", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40c059e831c7e5d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 5938, "end": 5951, "quote": "Section 13(d)", "context": "suggests that Gotham schemed to take over First Union without paying a control premium and violated Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act in doing so by, among other things, forming a group with other investment compa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a400e55bf9884fc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 8264, "end": 8277, "quote": "Section 13(d)", "context": "up members.\nHailwood’s Claims\nThe complaint contains five claims for relief. The first three charge Section 13(d) and (g) violations, as applicable, against Gotham, PMG, and Interstate and Roth, respectively. The ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce071b165c7f32b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 8394, "end": 8407, "quote": "Section 13(d)", "context": "ns, as applicable, against Gotham, PMG, and Interstate and Roth, respectively. The fourth charges a Section 13(d) violation by all defendants in failing to disclose that they are acting as a group for the purpose ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ed7e22e7f966b3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 9540, "end": 9553, "quote": "Section 18(d)", "context": "severance and transfer. The Court reserves decision on those aspects of that motion.\nDiscussion\nThe Section 18(d) and (g) Claims\nSection 13(d)(1) of the Exchange Act provides in relevant part:\n“Any person who, aft", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1bbf3b9a993771c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 9569, "end": 9585, "quote": "Section 13(d)(1)", "context": "ourt reserves decision on those aspects of that motion.\nDiscussion\nThe Section 18(d) and (g) Claims\nSection 13(d)(1) of the Exchange Act provides in relevant part:\n“Any person who, after acquiring directly or indirec", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "237aa6ada37f2dc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 9780, "end": 9791, "quote": "section 781", "context": "directly the beneficial ownership of any equity security of a class which is registered pursuant to section 781 of this title ... is directly or indirectly the beneficial owner of more than 5 per centum of such ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f2c41e1ece9a526", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 10840, "end": 10856, "quote": "Section 13(d)(3)", "context": "hich are beneficially owned ... by (i) such person, and (ii) by each associate of such person ....”\nSection 13(d)(3) further provides that “[w]hen two or more persons act as a partnership, limited partnership, syndic", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63b10d61f508de53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 11433, "end": 11449, "quote": "Section 13(d)(3)", "context": "tly altering Hailwood’s business and operations” and therefore are a “group”’ within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3), but have failed to disclose their decision to act together as required by Section 13(d)(1) and Rul", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ef5f17baa6fa5619", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 11525, "end": 11541, "quote": "Section 13(d)(1)", "context": "ning of Section 13(d)(3), but have failed to disclose their decision to act together as required by Section 13(d)(1) and Rule 13d-l thereunder. ■\nRule 9(b) requires that all averments of fraud be stated with particul", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50e1208eeedcc381", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 16130, "end": 16143, "quote": "Section 13(d)", "context": "riefly stated, and in relevant part, it provides that if any person or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) shall become the beneficial owner of 15 percent or more of the units, unit hol", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54482a802b2f1aee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 18808, "end": 18821, "quote": "Section 13(d)", "context": "curities liability by all sorts of conduct, not least of it violations of the Williams Act of which Section 13(d) is a part. The argument brings to mind, for example, Well-man v. Dickinson, a case in which a serie", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ea93d4e1ae7d5fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 21169, "end": 21183, "quote": "Sections 13(d)", "context": "ly, the Court holds that the allegations that defendants are part of a group and that they violated Sections 13(d) and (g) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-l thereunder state a legally sufficient claim for relief. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4b43151e842c16f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 21439, "end": 21452, "quote": "Section 13(d)", "context": "is another matter entirely.\nGotham’s Purpose\nThe first cause of action alleges that Gotham violated Section 13(d) and Rule 13d-l by stating that it acquired Hailwood units for investment purposes and failing to di", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aadb1df7f4fdea49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 25279, "end": 25292, "quote": "Section 13(d)", "context": "Holdings of Interstate and Roth\nThe third cause of action alleges that Interstate and Roth violated Section 13(d) because Interstate’s Schedule 13D, as amended, discloses aggregate ownership of 8 percent of the ou", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13fa84adf63d470c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 32459, "end": 32467, "quote": "§ 78m(d)", "context": "or the convenience of parties and witnesses and in the interest of justice.\nSO ORDERED.\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78m(d).\n. Certain of defendants have submitted affidavits in support of the motions that controvert plaint", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_78m/title15_sec78m_96ffa4d5b747/78m_periodical_and_other_reports_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f521c33f85f05e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 32975, "end": 32999, "quote": "17 C.F.R. § 240.13d-l(c)", "context": "ave no intent to change or influence the issuer or to act in concert with others who so intend. See 17 C.F.R. § 240.13d-l(c) (1999).\n. The .complaint alleges that Roth, through Interstate and other entities, has beneficial o", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "53033b47a8c26223", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33317, "end": 33325, "quote": "Id. ¶ 30", "context": "lusive of the direct Interstate holdings, beneficially owns 5.5 percent of the units.\n. Cpt ¶ 29.\n. Id. ¶ 30.\n. Id.n 25-26.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. F.\n. Cpt ¶ 31.\n. Id. ¶ 32.\n. Id.n 33-34.\n. Id. ¶ 35.\n. Id. ¶ 36", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd1c1599489a6bc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33329, "end": 33332, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e direct Interstate holdings, beneficially owns 5.5 percent of the units.\n. Cpt ¶ 29.\n. Id. ¶ 30.\n. Id.n 25-26.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. F.\n. Cpt ¶ 31.\n. Id. ¶ 32.\n. Id.n 33-34.\n. Id. ¶ 35.\n. Id. ¶ 36.\n.Id. ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c858bb3ff3ddb5db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33379, "end": 33387, "quote": "Id. ¶ 32", "context": "5 percent of the units.\n. Cpt ¶ 29.\n. Id. ¶ 30.\n. Id.n 25-26.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. F.\n. Cpt ¶ 31.\n. Id. ¶ 32.\n. Id.n 33-34.\n. Id. ¶ 35.\n. Id. ¶ 36.\n.Id. ¶ 37.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4.\n. 15", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5eb00486865ccb6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33391, "end": 33394, "quote": "Id.", "context": " the units.\n. Cpt ¶ 29.\n. Id. ¶ 30.\n. Id.n 25-26.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. F.\n. Cpt ¶ 31.\n. Id. ¶ 32.\n. Id.n 33-34.\n. Id. ¶ 35.\n. Id. ¶ 36.\n.Id. ¶ 37.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4.\n. 15 U.s'c.", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "077c627b84e0ebe3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33405, "end": 33413, "quote": "Id. ¶ 35", "context": "Cpt ¶ 29.\n. Id. ¶ 30.\n. Id.n 25-26.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. F.\n. Cpt ¶ 31.\n. Id. ¶ 32.\n. Id.n 33-34.\n. Id. ¶ 35.\n. Id. ¶ 36.\n.Id. ¶ 37.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4.\n. 15 U.s'c. § 78m(d)(l).\n. Id.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a361003668c39511", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33417, "end": 33425, "quote": "Id. ¶ 36", "context": "Id. ¶ 30.\n. Id.n 25-26.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. F.\n. Cpt ¶ 31.\n. Id. ¶ 32.\n. Id.n 33-34.\n. Id. ¶ 35.\n. Id. ¶ 36.\n.Id. ¶ 37.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4.\n. 15 U.s'c. § 78m(d)(l).\n. Id. § 78(d)(3).", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94244b7c08afb1fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33428, "end": 33431, "quote": "Id.", "context": " Id.n 25-26.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. F.\n. Cpt ¶ 31.\n. Id. ¶ 32.\n. Id.n 33-34.\n. Id. ¶ 35.\n. Id. ¶ 36.\n.Id. ¶ 37.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4.\n. 15 U.s'c. § 78m(d)(l).\n. Id. § 78(d)(3). -\n. C", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d4bc2806ea8b784", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33474, "end": 33482, "quote": "§ 78u-4.", "context": "1.\n. Id. ¶ 32.\n. Id.n 33-34.\n. Id. ¶ 35.\n. Id. ¶ 36.\n.Id. ¶ 37.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4.\n. 15 U.s'c. § 78m(d)(l).\n. Id. § 78(d)(3). -\n. Cpt ¶¶ 76-95.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. See, e.g., C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86e7ca214e7f9f2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33495, "end": 33506, "quote": "§ 78m(d)(l)", "context": " 33-34.\n. Id. ¶ 35.\n. Id. ¶ 36.\n.Id. ¶ 37.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4.\n. 15 U.s'c. § 78m(d)(l).\n. Id. § 78(d)(3). -\n. Cpt ¶¶ 76-95.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. See, e.g., Cohen v. Koenig, 25 F.3d ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd363501b5a7c0f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33510, "end": 33513, "quote": "Id.", "context": " 35.\n. Id. ¶ 36.\n.Id. ¶ 37.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4.\n. 15 U.s'c. § 78m(d)(l).\n. Id. § 78(d)(3). -\n. Cpt ¶¶ 76-95.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. See, e.g., Cohen v. Koenig, 25 F.3d 1168, 1", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "19cf09a1c7a4a229", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33514, "end": 33524, "quote": "§ 78(d)(3)", "context": "\n. Id. ¶ 36.\n.Id. ¶ 37.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4.\n. 15 U.s'c. § 78m(d)(l).\n. Id. § 78(d)(3). -\n. Cpt ¶¶ 76-95.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. See, e.g., Cohen v. Koenig, 25 F.3d 1168, 1173 (2d Cir", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1a70ebcaee4cf35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33598, "end": 33610, "quote": "25 F.3d 1168", "context": "8m(d)(l).\n. Id. § 78(d)(3). -\n. Cpt ¶¶ 76-95.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 9(b).\n. See, e.g., Cohen v. Koenig, 25 F.3d 1168, 1173 (2d Cir.1994); Advanced Marine Tech., Inc. v. Burnham Securities, Inc., 16 F.Supp.2d 375, 383", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 F.3d 1168", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_25/1168_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "361551c353d21079", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33689, "end": 33705, "quote": "16 F.Supp.2d 375", "context": " Koenig, 25 F.3d 1168, 1173 (2d Cir.1994); Advanced Marine Tech., Inc. v. Burnham Securities, Inc., 16 F.Supp.2d 375, 383 (S.D.N.Y.1998).\n. Chill v. General Elec. Co., 101 F.3d 263, 267 (2d Cir.1996).\n. Shields v. Ci", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 F. Supp. 2d 375", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_16/0375_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e152bf105dd2b79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33757, "end": 33769, "quote": "101 F.3d 263", "context": "c. v. Burnham Securities, Inc., 16 F.Supp.2d 375, 383 (S.D.N.Y.1998).\n. Chill v. General Elec. Co., 101 F.3d 263, 267 (2d Cir.1996).\n. Shields v. Citytrust Bancorp, Inc., 25 F.3d 1124, 1128 (2d Cir.1994).\n. Press", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 F.3d 263", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_101/0263_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "080ddde7a17f042f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33828, "end": 33840, "quote": "25 F.3d 1124", "context": " Chill v. General Elec. Co., 101 F.3d 263, 267 (2d Cir.1996).\n. Shields v. Citytrust Bancorp, Inc., 25 F.3d 1124, 1128 (2d Cir.1994).\n. Press v. Chem. Invest. Services Corp., 166 F.3d 529, 537-38 (2d Cir.1999) (P", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 F.3d 1124", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_25/1124_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b8b45703ea771f94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 33903, "end": 33915, "quote": "166 F.3d 529", "context": "Citytrust Bancorp, Inc., 25 F.3d 1124, 1128 (2d Cir.1994).\n. Press v. Chem. Invest. Services Corp., 166 F.3d 529, 537-38 (2d Cir.1999) (PSLRA “heightened the requirement for pleading scienter to the level used by", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "166 F.3d 529", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_166/0529_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1b53dfe18976ba2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 34080, "end": 34095, "quote": "902 F.Supp. 475", "context": "ading scienter to the level used by the Second Circuit”).\n. See Strauss v. American Holdings, Inc., 902 F.Supp. 475, 479 (S.D.N.Y.1995).\n. E.g., Schaeffer Aff, Ex. G, at 2 (54% discount to estimated net asset value ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "902 F. Supp. 475", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_902/0475_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ecdff9b8180bd48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 34217, "end": 34220, "quote": "id.", "context": ". E.g., Schaeffer Aff, Ex. G, at 2 (54% discount to estimated net asset value as of July 30, 1999); id. Ex. C, ¶¶ 18-25, 45-46 (Gotham Delaware complaint alleging that net asset value exceeded market pri", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "902 F. Supp. 475", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_902/0475_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "662fd0f89bd7c7fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 34379, "end": 34382, "quote": "Id.", "context": " that net asset value exceeded market price at all relevant times).\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. C, ¶ 19.\n. Id. Ex. E, passim and Ex. A thereto.\n. Gotham Mem. at 11 (emphasis added).\n. See, e.g., Wellman v. Dick", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "902 F. Supp. 475", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_902/0475_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "afc46c94fdb675c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 34489, "end": 34501, "quote": "682 F.2d 355", "context": " passim and Ex. A thereto.\n. Gotham Mem. at 11 (emphasis added).\n. See, e.g., Wellman v. Dickinson, 682 F.2d 355, 363 (2d Cir.1982); SEC v. Drexel Burnham Lambert, Inc., 837 F.Supp. 587, 607 (S.D.N.Y.1993).\n. 475", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "682 F.2d 355", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_682/0355_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a73ec27a674107a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 34559, "end": 34574, "quote": "837 F.Supp. 587", "context": ", e.g., Wellman v. Dickinson, 682 F.2d 355, 363 (2d Cir.1982); SEC v. Drexel Burnham Lambert, Inc., 837 F.Supp. 587, 607 (S.D.N.Y.1993).\n. 475 F.Supp. 783, 790, 810 (S.D.N.Y.1979), aff'd, 682 F.2d 355 (2d Cir.1982),", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "837 F. Supp. 587", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_837/0587_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "e2049cee20e00406", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 34647, "end": 34659, "quote": "682 F.2d 355", "context": "bert, Inc., 837 F.Supp. 587, 607 (S.D.N.Y.1993).\n. 475 F.Supp. 783, 790, 810 (S.D.N.Y.1979), aff'd, 682 F.2d 355 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, Dickinson v. SEC, 460 U.S. 1069, 103 S.Ct. 1522, 75 L.Ed.2d 946 (1983)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "682 F.2d 355", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_682/0355_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2c97c14fd148dcc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 34707, "end": 34720, "quote": "460 U.S. 1069", "context": "p. 783, 790, 810 (S.D.N.Y.1979), aff'd, 682 F.2d 355 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, Dickinson v. SEC, 460 U.S. 1069, 103 S.Ct. 1522, 75 L.Ed.2d 946 (1983).\n. Gotham Mem. at 12.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. G, at 2.\n. Cpt. n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "460 U.S. 1069", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5c9ebacfe98dc92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 34722, "end": 34736, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 1522", "context": "0 (S.D.N.Y.1979), aff'd, 682 F.2d 355 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, Dickinson v. SEC, 460 U.S. 1069, 103 S.Ct. 1522, 75 L.Ed.2d 946 (1983).\n. Gotham Mem. at 12.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. G, at 2.\n. Cpt. n 30, 37, 49-53.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 1522", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "379f9c5316a3f398", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 34738, "end": 34752, "quote": "75 L.Ed.2d 946", "context": ", aff'd, 682 F.2d 355 (2d Cir.1982), cert. denied, Dickinson v. SEC, 460 U.S. 1069, 103 S.Ct. 1522, 75 L.Ed.2d 946 (1983).\n. Gotham Mem. at 12.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. G, at 2.\n. Cpt. n 30, 37, 49-53.\n. Gotham Mem. at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 L. Ed. 2d 946", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50fd397b0f8c2cbc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35093, "end": 35105, "quote": "409 F.2d 937", "context": "e future.” Gotham Rep. Mem. at 4 (quoting Electronic Specialty Co. v. International Controls Corp., 409 F.2d 937, 948 (2d Cir.1969)). But the pleadings allege, and are sufficient to permit proof of, “something mo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "409 F.2d 937", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_409/0937_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0d63cd2dd0b3ffe8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35238, "end": 35258, "quote": "17 C.F.R. § 13d-l(c)", "context": "adings allege, and are sufficient to permit proof of, “something more definite.”\n. Cpt. ¶¶ 55-63.\n. 17 C.F.R. § 13d-l(c) (1999).\n. Cpt. ¶¶ 64-74.\n. Id. ¶ 74.\n. Id. ¶ 70.\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(b)(l); Campaniello Imports, Lt", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e584f67ab5a66559", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35286, "end": 35294, "quote": "Id. ¶ 74", "context": "f of, “something more definite.”\n. Cpt. ¶¶ 55-63.\n. 17 C.F.R. § 13d-l(c) (1999).\n. Cpt. ¶¶ 64-74.\n. Id. ¶ 74.\n. Id. ¶ 70.\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(b)(l); Campaniello Imports, Ltd. v. Saporiti Italia S.p.A., 117 F.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a86d191f61ab1fb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35298, "end": 35306, "quote": "Id. ¶ 70", "context": "hing more definite.”\n. Cpt. ¶¶ 55-63.\n. 17 C.F.R. § 13d-l(c) (1999).\n. Cpt. ¶¶ 64-74.\n. Id. ¶ 74.\n. Id. ¶ 70.\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(b)(l); Campaniello Imports, Ltd. v. Saporiti Italia S.p.A., 117 F.3d 655, 664 ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "427413fa87454b2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35320, "end": 35333, "quote": "§ 78u-4(b)(l)", "context": " Cpt. ¶¶ 55-63.\n. 17 C.F.R. § 13d-l(c) (1999).\n. Cpt. ¶¶ 64-74.\n. Id. ¶ 74.\n. Id. ¶ 70.\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(b)(l); Campaniello Imports, Ltd. v. Saporiti Italia S.p.A., 117 F.3d 655, 664 (2d Cir.1997); Luce v. Edel", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48a26a8af3254bf9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35388, "end": 35400, "quote": "117 F.3d 655", "context": ". ¶ 74.\n. Id. ¶ 70.\n. 15 U.S.C. § 78u-4(b)(l); Campaniello Imports, Ltd. v. Saporiti Italia S.p.A., 117 F.3d 655, 664 (2d Cir.1997); Luce v. Edelstein, 802 F.2d 49, 54 n. 1 (2d Cir.1986); Schlick v. Penn-Dixie Ce", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 F.3d 655", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_117/0655_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d4088f28c8e27203", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35440, "end": 35451, "quote": "802 F.2d 49", "context": "niello Imports, Ltd. v. Saporiti Italia S.p.A., 117 F.3d 655, 664 (2d Cir.1997); Luce v. Edelstein, 802 F.2d 49, 54 n. 1 (2d Cir.1986); Schlick v. Penn-Dixie Cement Corp., 507 F.2d 374, 379 (2d Cir.1974), cert. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "802 F.2d 49", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_802/0049_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "075670fdc12e5390", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35512, "end": 35524, "quote": "507 F.2d 374", "context": "r.1997); Luce v. Edelstein, 802 F.2d 49, 54 n. 1 (2d Cir.1986); Schlick v. Penn-Dixie Cement Corp., 507 F.2d 374, 379 (2d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 421 U.S. 976, 95 S.Ct. 1976, 44 L.Ed.2d 467 (1975); Segal v. Gord", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "507 F.2d 374", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_507/0374_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "15b041de81013493", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35559, "end": 35571, "quote": "421 U.S. 976", "context": "1 (2d Cir.1986); Schlick v. Penn-Dixie Cement Corp., 507 F.2d 374, 379 (2d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 421 U.S. 976, 95 S.Ct. 1976, 44 L.Ed.2d 467 (1975); Segal v. Gordon, 467 F.2d 602, 608 (2d Cir.1972).\n.Schaeffer", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "421 U.S. 976", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ebe6e19c9da16b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35573, "end": 35586, "quote": "95 S.Ct. 1976", "context": "); Schlick v. Penn-Dixie Cement Corp., 507 F.2d 374, 379 (2d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 421 U.S. 976, 95 S.Ct. 1976, 44 L.Ed.2d 467 (1975); Segal v. Gordon, 467 F.2d 602, 608 (2d Cir.1972).\n.Schaeffer Aff. Ex. G, at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 S. Ct. 1976", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9851e5b14b88623a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35588, "end": 35602, "quote": "44 L.Ed.2d 467", "context": "enn-Dixie Cement Corp., 507 F.2d 374, 379 (2d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 421 U.S. 976, 95 S.Ct. 1976, 44 L.Ed.2d 467 (1975); Segal v. Gordon, 467 F.2d 602, 608 (2d Cir.1972).\n.Schaeffer Aff. Ex. G, at 17.\nIt should b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 L. Ed. 2d 467", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6be7650afdfd2992", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35628, "end": 35640, "quote": "467 F.2d 602", "context": "9 (2d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 421 U.S. 976, 95 S.Ct. 1976, 44 L.Ed.2d 467 (1975); Segal v. Gordon, 467 F.2d 602, 608 (2d Cir.1972).\n.Schaeffer Aff. Ex. G, at 17.\nIt should be noted that the investment recommenda", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "467 F.2d 602", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_467/0602_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b91d705b6699c7ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 35947, "end": 35950, "quote": "Id.", "context": "Roth but have purposely avoided conversations about Hailwood so as to not trigger the poison pill.” Id. This self serving declaration by Gotham of course is not binding on plaintiff here.\n. Schaeffer Aff", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "467 F.2d 602", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_467/0602_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b8878a7499e57ff6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 36059, "end": 36066, "quote": "§§ 1(a)", "context": "f serving declaration by Gotham of course is not binding on plaintiff here.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. E, §§ 1(a), l(v), 3, 7, 11.\n. Id. §§ 3, 7.\n.Id. at 1.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 19.\n. See generally ConnTech Dev. Co. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5746ee759794d2ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 36086, "end": 36089, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tham of course is not binding on plaintiff here.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. E, §§ 1(a), l(v), 3, 7, 11.\n. Id. §§ 3, 7.\n.Id. at 1.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 19.\n. See generally ConnTech Dev. Co. v. Univ. of Conn. Educ.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
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{"id": "25781e607137e4b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 36100, "end": 36108, "quote": "Id. at 1", "context": " is not binding on plaintiff here.\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. E, §§ 1(a), l(v), 3, 7, 11.\n. Id. §§ 3, 7.\n.Id. at 1.\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 19.\n. See generally ConnTech Dev. Co. v. Univ. of Conn. Educ. Properties, Inc., ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3618d032b490de3b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 36208, "end": 36220, "quote": "102 F.3d 677", "context": ".\n. FED. R. CIV. P. 19.\n. See generally ConnTech Dev. Co. v. Univ. of Conn. Educ. Properties, Inc., 102 F.3d 677, 681 (2d Cir.1996).\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. E, § 15.\n. Moran v. Household Int’l, Inc., 490 A.2d 1059, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 F.3d 677", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_102/0677_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a3b2b528fc24f8af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 36265, "end": 36270, "quote": "§ 15.", "context": " v. Univ. of Conn. Educ. Properties, Inc., 102 F.3d 677, 681 (2d Cir.1996).\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. E, § 15.\n. Moran v. Household Int’l, Inc., 490 A.2d 1059, 1074 (Del.Ch.), aff'd, 500 A.2d 1346 (Del.1985).\nF", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab6b61e88b50a76f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 36305, "end": 36318, "quote": "490 A.2d 1059", "context": "., 102 F.3d 677, 681 (2d Cir.1996).\n. Schaeffer Aff. Ex. E, § 15.\n. Moran v. Household Int’l, Inc., 490 A.2d 1059, 1074 (Del.Ch.), aff'd, 500 A.2d 1346 (Del.1985).\nFederal law under Rule 19 is to the same effect. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "490 A.2d 1059", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2de457d97149917f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 36343, "end": 36356, "quote": "500 A.2d 1346", "context": "Schaeffer Aff. Ex. E, § 15.\n. Moran v. Household Int’l, Inc., 490 A.2d 1059, 1074 (Del.Ch.), aff'd, 500 A.2d 1346 (Del.1985).\nFederal law under Rule 19 is to the same effect. See, e.g., Owens-Illinois, Inc. v. Lak", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "500 A.2d 1346", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1cccf74a5f5b466", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 36474, "end": 36487, "quote": "610 F.2d 1185", "context": "al law under Rule 19 is to the same effect. See, e.g., Owens-Illinois, Inc. v. Lake Shore Land Co., 610 F.2d 1185 (3d Cir., 1979); Fetzer v. Cities Service Oil Co., 572 F.2d 1250 (8th Cir.1978).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "610 F.2d 1185", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_610/1185_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f9daa113a4ce677", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_95/0169_01/index.html", "start": 36539, "end": 36552, "quote": "572 F.2d 1250", "context": "nois, Inc. v. Lake Shore Land Co., 610 F.2d 1185 (3d Cir., 1979); Fetzer v. Cities Service Oil Co., 572 F.2d 1250 (8th Cir.1978).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "572 F.2d 1250", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_572/1250_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f98bbf6ba35c4263", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 320, "end": 339, "quote": "N.Y. Exec. L. § 290", "context": "ty jurisdiction, she asserts only state law claims pursuant to the New York State Human Rights Law, N.Y. Exec. L. § 290 et seq. (“NYSHRL”) and the New York City Human Rights Law, N.Y. City Admin. Code § 8-101 et seq. (“", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "N.Y. Exec. L. § 290", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89f3b03e7d909d19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 399, "end": 428, "quote": "N.Y. City Admin. Code § 8-101", "context": "te Human Rights Law, N.Y. Exec. L. § 290 et seq. (“NYSHRL”) and the New York City Human Rights Law, N.Y. City Admin. Code § 8-101 et seq. (“NYCHRL”). Ms. Wang, who was an unpaid intern at the time, alleges that Phoenix bureau chi", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "N.Y. City Admin. Code § 8-101", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b60d2f12228c4301", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 1505, "end": 1516, "quote": "502 F.3d 47", "context": "All reasonable inferences are drawn in favor of the plaintiff. See In re Elevator Antitrust Litig., 502 F.3d 47, 50-51 (2d Cir.2007) (per curiam).\nDefendant Phoenix is the American subsidiary for Phoenix Media G", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "502 F.3d 47", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_502/0047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2ea4c1083954c6c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 1860, "end": 1863, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nix maintains its headquarters in Los Angeles and has bureaus in New York City and Washington D.C. (Id.) During the period of alleged harassment, Zhengzhu Liu was the bureau chief of Phoenix’s Washington", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e19a0253f9295b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 2033, "end": 2036, "quote": "Id.", "context": " chief of Phoenix’s Washington D.C. bureau and supervised both the D.C. and New York City bureaus. (Id. ¶ 10.) In his capacity as bureau chief, Mr. Liu supervised the production of news programming and t", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "237bf9d8c0428dc3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 2202, "end": 2205, "quote": "Id.", "context": "oduction of news programming and the other office functions of the New York City and D.C. bureaus. (Id. ¶ 11.) Mr. Liu also exercised authority over both the hiring and termination of Phoenix employees a", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5ea0e95df75f636", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 2379, "end": 2382, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ion of Phoenix employees and interns, including conducting interviews and making hiring decisions. (Id.) Neither the New York nor D.C. bureau has a human resources department, and the hiring of employees", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6d0862440046dc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 2551, "end": 2554, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nt, and the hiring of employees and interns in those bureaus was within Mr. Liu’s sole discretion. (Id. ¶¶ 10,18.)\nPlaintiff Ms. Wang, after interviewing with Mr. Liu, began an unpaid internship at Phoen", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dfa79066d7443e36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 2694, "end": 2697, "quote": "Id.", "context": "terviewing with Mr. Liu, began an unpaid internship at Phoenix’s New York bureau in December 2009. (Id. ¶¶ 4, 7, 14.) She learned about the internship from a Phoenix employee in Hong Kong. (Id. ¶7.) At t", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6502e120bfb8afdc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 2784, "end": 2787, "quote": "Id.", "context": "er 2009. (Id. ¶¶ 4, 7, 14.) She learned about the internship from a Phoenix employee in Hong Kong. (Id. ¶7.) At that time, Ms. Wang was a twenty-two-year-old master’s degree student in the Broadcast and ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8171eb2541a8ed5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 2939, "end": 2942, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ld master’s degree student in the Broadcast and Digital Journalism program at Syracuse University. (Id. ¶¶ 7-8.) Wang asserts that the internship “was intended as an opportunity to provide Ms. Wang with ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd2a307ac0e45f01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 3119, "end": 3122, "quote": "Id.", "context": " provide Ms. Wang with training and serve as a potential basis for later employment with Phoenix.” (Id. ¶ 14.) Ms. Wang’s responsibilities as an intern included assisting the bureau’s reporters with shoo", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f039952e4cd58c41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 3309, "end": 3312, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ers with shooting news footage, drafting scripts, and editing video footage recorded in the field. (Id. ¶ 15.) Ms. Wang also reported daily to Mr. Liu via e-mail, submitting draft scripts and proposals f", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f721170f7838f3f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 3435, "end": 3438, "quote": "Id.", "context": "eported daily to Mr. Liu via e-mail, submitting draft scripts and proposals for broadcast stories. (Id.) Although Phoenix had initiated a policy which disfavored permitting interns to appear on camera, M", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63023f02d1611852", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 3701, "end": 3704, "quote": "Id.", "context": "osing her own stories to Mr. Liu, scripting them, and appearing on camera to report those stories. (Id. ¶ 16.)\nMs. Wang asserts that during the first two weeks of the internship, she “asked Mr. Liu about", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87a5564e4d81ea81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 4022, "end": 4025, "quote": "Id.", "context": "the expiration of her student visa, and perhaps beyond that year if she could obtain a work visa.” (Id. ¶ 19.) Ms. Wang also discussed permanent employment with other Phoenix employees, including Yongyu ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e28c1665ceefc585", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 4239, "end": 4242, "quote": "Id.", "context": "respondent, who informed her that Phoenix had previously sponsored employees to obtain work visas. (Id. ¶¶ 15, 19-20.) Ms. Wang alleges that after receiving a master’s degree in journalism from a prestig", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f3d47db2648cecb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 4563, "end": 4566, "quote": "Id.", "context": "hat the “most important criterion for a permanent position at Phoenix ... was Mr. Liu’s approval.” (Id. ¶¶8,17,18,57.)\nIn January 2010, after Ms. Wang had been working as an intern for approximately two ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1fcbb80ed59a701", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 4805, "end": 4808, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e [New York] bureau to say that he was going to be in town and wanted to treat everyone to lunch.” (Id. ¶ 21.) On January 11, 2010, Ms. Wang and a few other coworkers joined Mr. Liu for lunch at a Chines", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ba811865c046d16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 4923, "end": 4926, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ary 11, 2010, Ms. Wang and a few other coworkers joined Mr. Liu for lunch at a Chinese restaurant. (Id. ¶ 22.) Ms. Wang alleges that, after lunch, Mr. Liu asked Ms. Wang to stay so they could discuss Ms.", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05ce0366c7ad7d96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5052, "end": 5055, "quote": "Id.", "context": "hat, after lunch, Mr. Liu asked Ms. Wang to stay so they could discuss Ms. Wang’s job performance. (Id.) Ms. Wang, eager to discuss job possibilities, agreed, and her coworkers returned to work. (Id.) Mr", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a34e9434552fa56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5148, "end": 5151, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e. (Id.) Ms. Wang, eager to discuss job possibilities, agreed, and her coworkers returned to work. (Id.) Mr. Liu then suggested that he and Ms. Wang go back to his hotel because he needed to drop off his", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4bc1a2e4957bedcd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5265, "end": 5268, "quote": "Id.", "context": " suggested that he and Ms. Wang go back to his hotel because he needed to drop off his belongings. (Id. at ¶ 23.) In the car ride to the hotel, Ms. Wang alleges that “Mr. Liu began telling Ms. Wang about", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d48c10598a7bfe9a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5477, "end": 5480, "quote": "Id.", "context": "he knew who had dated a Black man and said that this man ‘could have sex several times a night.’ ” (Id.) Mr. Liu “said that many women ‘cannot handle the sex drives of Black men.’ ” (Id.) These comments ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a61cf85e9f658f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5560, "end": 5563, "quote": "Id.", "context": "mes a night.’ ” (Id.) Mr. Liu “said that many women ‘cannot handle the sex drives of Black men.’ ” (Id.) These comments made Ms. Wang “extremely uncomfortable.” (Id.)\nWhen they arrived at his hotel, the ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fdc2446572096a2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5622, "end": 5625, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ndle the sex drives of Black men.’ ” (Id.) These comments made Ms. Wang “extremely uncomfortable.” (Id.)\nWhen they arrived at his hotel, the Hilton Hotel located at 1335 Avenue of the Americas, Mr. Liu s", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc33e7f16a90a124", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5753, "end": 5756, "quote": "Id.", "context": "otel, the Hilton Hotel located at 1335 Avenue of the Americas, Mr. Liu suggested they go upstairs. (Id.) Ms. Wang then followed Mr. Liu upstairs to the floor of his hotel room, and Mr. Liu directed them ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bf7e93f29c14db7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5915, "end": 5918, "quote": "Id.", "context": "is hotel room, and Mr. Liu directed them to a quiet mini coffee bar with an isolated seating area. (Id. ¶ 24.) Mr. Liu and Ms. Wang were the only two people there. (Id.) Ms. Wang attempted to talk about ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74d8feb809eead09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5980, "end": 5983, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ar with an isolated seating area. (Id. ¶ 24.) Mr. Liu and Ms. Wang were the only two people there. (Id.) Ms. Wang attempted to talk about her internship, but Mr. Liu was not responsive. (Id.) Instead, Mr", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54779d0b2c2a03e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 6067, "end": 6070, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ople there. (Id.) Ms. Wang attempted to talk about her internship, but Mr. Liu was not responsive. (Id.) Instead, Mr. Liu “asked Ms. Wang to name her ‘most beautiful feature,’ ” and told her, “ ‘your eye", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "026b5158d199a9d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 6194, "end": 6197, "quote": "Id.", "context": "d Ms. Wang to name her ‘most beautiful feature,’ ” and told her, “ ‘your eyes are so beautiful.’ ” (Id.) Mr. Liu then suggested that they go to his hotel room. (Id.) Although Ms. Wang felt uncomfortable,", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6bd6ea03c7fe653", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 6255, "end": 6258, "quote": "Id.", "context": "er, “ ‘your eyes are so beautiful.’ ” (Id.) Mr. Liu then suggested that they go to his hotel room. (Id.) Although Ms. Wang felt uncomfortable, she felt compelled to go with Mr. Liu because he was her sup", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cceb85fda9847f78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 6368, "end": 6371, "quote": "Id.", "context": " Ms. Wang felt uncomfortable, she felt compelled to go with Mr. Liu because he was her supervisor. (Id.) Once in his hotel room, Mr. Liu took off his shirt jacket and undid his tie, (Id. at ¶ 25.) Mr. Li", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "573267f0aa8edc73", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 6451, "end": 6454, "quote": "Id.", "context": "her supervisor. (Id.) Once in his hotel room, Mr. Liu took off his shirt jacket and undid his tie, (Id. at ¶ 25.) Mr. Liu then “suddenly exclaimed, Why are you so beautiful?’ and threw his arms around Ms", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b33e6dd86c3a571", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 6564, "end": 6567, "quote": "Id.", "context": " Mr. Liu then “suddenly exclaimed, Why are you so beautiful?’ and threw his arms around Ms. Wang.” (Id.) Mr. Liu then held Ms. Wang tightly for roughly five seconds and tried to kiss Ms. Wang by force, b", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "855e40c247f85e5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 6750, "end": 6753, "quote": "Id.", "context": " Wang by force, but Ms. Wang turned her face away so Mr. Liu’s mouth landed on her cheek and neck. (Id.) Mr. Liu then squeezed Ms. Wang’s buttocks with his left hand. (Id.) Ms. Wang pushed Mr. Liu away a", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da57222d7bcc4ace", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 6818, "end": 6821, "quote": "Id.", "context": " landed on her cheek and neck. (Id.) Mr. Liu then squeezed Ms. Wang’s buttocks with his left hand. (Id.) Ms. Wang pushed Mr. Liu away and told him to stop, saying “I don’t want this.” (Id.) After Mr. Liu", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf4d4f32e90a9f37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 6903, "end": 6906, "quote": "Id.", "context": "is left hand. (Id.) Ms. Wang pushed Mr. Liu away and told him to stop, saying “I don’t want this.” (Id.) After Mr. Liu let go of Ms. Wang, Ms. Wang said, “I have to go,” and then quickly left the room. (", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9134cd6bd9618372", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 7006, "end": 7009, "quote": "Id.", "context": ") After Mr. Liu let go of Ms. Wang, Ms. Wang said, “I have to go,” and then quickly left the room. (Id.)\nNeither Ms. Wang nor Mr. Liu mentioned this incident afterwards. (Id. ¶ 26.) Upon returning to Was", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97aa330b4c56b6d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 7077, "end": 7080, "quote": "Id.", "context": "then quickly left the room. (Id.)\nNeither Ms. Wang nor Mr. Liu mentioned this incident afterwards. (Id. ¶ 26.) Upon returning to Washington D.C., Mr. Liu e-mailed Ms. Wang about work-related items as if ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14f1a52a087b0395", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 7203, "end": 7206, "quote": "Id.", "context": "to Washington D.C., Mr. Liu e-mailed Ms. Wang about work-related items as if nothing had happened. (Id.) Ms. Wang asserts that “[a]fter [she] rejected him ... Mr. Liu no longer expressed interest in hiri", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40c8be12482214eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 7382, "end": 7385, "quote": "Id.", "context": "pressed interest in hiring her permanently after she completed her Master’s ... in December 2010.” (Id. ¶ 27.) Instead, Mr. Liu began emphasizing that Phoenix could not sponsor Ms. Wang and that there wa", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0319ff54569f3682", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 7710, "end": 7713, "quote": "Id.", "context": "u mentioned during their previous discussions regarding Ms. Wang’s potential permanent employment. (Id. ¶¶ 19, 27.) Ms. Wang completed her internship roughly one week later on or around January 17, 2010,", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a01de143400114cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 7856, "end": 7859, "quote": "Id.", "context": "hip roughly one week later on or around January 17, 2010, and returned to her studies at Syracuse. (Id. ¶ 28.)\nDuring the summer of 2010, Ms. Wang “contacted Mr. Liu about working at Phoenix when she gra", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "645d63b3fb030274", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 8018, "end": 8021, "quote": "Id.", "context": "Liu about working at Phoenix when she graduated from the master’s degree program in a few months.” (Id. ¶ 29.) In response, “Mr. Liu asked her to go with him to Atlantic City for the weekend ‘to discuss ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b87166706718cfdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 8144, "end": 8147, "quote": "Id.", "context": "r. Liu asked her to go with him to Atlantic City for the weekend ‘to discuss job opportunities.’ ” (Id.) Ms. Wang, fearful that Mr. Liu would sexually harass or sexually assault her again, told Mr. Liu s", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81d7c602601502fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 8324, "end": 8327, "quote": "Id.", "context": "r again, told Mr. Liu she had other plans, and stopped attempting to gain employment with Phoenix. (Id. ¶¶ 29, 33.)\nMs. Wang alleges that she was unlawfully subjected to a hostile work environment by Pho", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fede0bd8e1996c6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 8468, "end": 8471, "quote": "Id.", "context": "s unlawfully subjected to a hostile work environment by Phoenix through Mr. Liu’s sexual advances. (Id. ¶ 48.) Ms. Wang further alleges that Phoenix discriminated against her on the basis of gender when ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83ca6b2de0e7a5e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 8796, "end": 8799, "quote": "Id.", "context": " when those sexual demands were rejected, thereby denying Ms. Wang future employment with Phoenix. (Id. ¶¶ 55, 64, 74, 83.)\nMs. Wang is a citizen of the People’s Republic of China. (Id. ¶ 1.) Phoenix is ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0816aee092916b30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 8878, "end": 8881, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nt with Phoenix. (Id. ¶¶ 55, 64, 74, 83.)\nMs. Wang is a citizen of the People’s Republic of China. (Id. ¶ 1.) Phoenix is incorporated in Delaware and maintains its principal place of business in Californ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f303a95699022f52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 8986, "end": 8989, "quote": "Id.", "context": ") Phoenix is incorporated in Delaware and maintains its principal place of business in California. (Id. ¶¶ 1, 5.) Jurisdiction is based on diversity of citizenship. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a).\nLEGAL STANDAR", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5bb2333b6786f780", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9055, "end": 9071, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1332", "context": "ce of business in California. (Id. ¶¶ 1, 5.) Jurisdiction is based on diversity of citizenship. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a).\nLEGAL STANDARD\nFollowing the Supreme Court’s decisions in Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S.", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "729aadcdcf3a2466", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9065, "end": 9074, "quote": "§ 1332(a)", "context": "ness in California. (Id. ¶¶ 1, 5.) Jurisdiction is based on diversity of citizenship. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a).\nLEGAL STANDARD\nFollowing the Supreme Court’s decisions in Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S. 50", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88cce54c6eef55d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9163, "end": 9175, "quote": "534 U.S. 506", "context": ". § 1332(a).\nLEGAL STANDARD\nFollowing the Supreme Court’s decisions in Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S. 506, 122 S.Ct. 992, 152 L.Ed.2d 1 (2002), Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "534 U.S. 506", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_534/0506_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0633c295f379605f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9177, "end": 9190, "quote": "122 S.Ct. 992", "context": "EGAL STANDARD\nFollowing the Supreme Court’s decisions in Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S. 506, 122 S.Ct. 992, 152 L.Ed.2d 1 (2002), Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 S. Ct. 992", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_534/0506_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d9c5f38437f44c50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9192, "end": 9205, "quote": "152 L.Ed.2d 1", "context": "ollowing the Supreme Court’s decisions in Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S. 506, 122 S.Ct. 992, 152 L.Ed.2d 1 (2002), Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007), and Ashcr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "152 L. Ed. 2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88572888cfe2d2af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9242, "end": 9254, "quote": "550 U.S. 544", "context": "wicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S. 506, 122 S.Ct. 992, 152 L.Ed.2d 1 (2002), Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007), and Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 173 L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "550 U.S. 544", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_550/0544_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "21cf856596fc7d85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9256, "end": 9270, "quote": "127 S.Ct. 1955", "context": " N.A., 534 U.S. 506, 122 S.Ct. 992, 152 L.Ed.2d 1 (2002), Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007), and Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 S. Ct. 1955", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_550/0544_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "ec230ade232e9cb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9319, "end": 9331, "quote": "556 U.S. 662", "context": "Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007), and Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009), the Second Circuit has noted “[t]he pleading standard for ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "556 U.S. 662", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f4516b5e3781a64d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9333, "end": 9347, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1937", "context": "Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007), and Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009), the Second Circuit has noted “[t]he pleading standard for employment discr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1937", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e63750987c3b7e86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9349, "end": 9364, "quote": "173 L.Ed.2d 868", "context": ". 544, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007), and Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009), the Second Circuit has noted “[t]he pleading standard for employment discrimination complai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "173 L. Ed. 2d 868", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "94bb568706b8bf5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9544, "end": 9560, "quote": "456 Fed.Appx. 22", "context": "scrimination complaints is somewhat of an open question in our circuit.” Hedges v. Toum of Madison, 456 Fed.Appx. 22, 23 (2d Cir.2012) (summary order); see also Schwab v. Smalls, 435 Fed.Appx. 37, 40 (2d Cir.2011) (s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "456 F. App'x 22", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cd633911162d4ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 9623, "end": 9639, "quote": "435 Fed.Appx. 37", "context": " v. Toum of Madison, 456 Fed.Appx. 22, 23 (2d Cir.2012) (summary order); see also Schwab v. Smalls, 435 Fed.Appx. 37, 40 (2d Cir.2011) (summary order) (noting that “[qjuestions have been raised ... as to Swierkiewicz", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "435 F. App'x 37", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8c557ed8a1ab20f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10106, "end": 10121, "quote": "556 U.S. at 678", "context": "ctual matter, accepted as true, to ‘state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.’” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678, 129 S.Ct. 1937 (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 570, 127 S.Ct. 1955). In assessing a complaint, court", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "556 U.S. 662", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23804edf48f1d161", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10123, "end": 10137, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1937", "context": "epted as true, to ‘state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.’” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678, 129 S.Ct. 1937 (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 570, 127 S.Ct. 1955). In assessing a complaint, courts draw all reaso", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1937", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e3de5db3d510a10f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10156, "end": 10171, "quote": "550 U.S. at 570", "context": "to relief that is plausible on its face.’” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678, 129 S.Ct. 1937 (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 570, 127 S.Ct. 1955). In assessing a complaint, courts draw all reasonable inferences in favor of the n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "550 U.S. 544", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_550/0544_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c0174063fd7dbc31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10173, "end": 10187, "quote": "127 S.Ct. 1955", "context": " plausible on its face.’” Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678, 129 S.Ct. 1937 (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 570, 127 S.Ct. 1955). In assessing a complaint, courts draw all reasonable inferences in favor of the non-movant. See I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 S. Ct. 1955", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_550/0544_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "69be3f164e923e41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10319, "end": 10330, "quote": "502 F.3d 47", "context": "rts draw all reasonable inferences in favor of the non-movant. See In re Elevator Antitrust Litig., 502 F.3d 47, 50-51 (2d Cir.2007) (per curiam). Legal conclusions, however, are not entitled to any presumption ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "502 F.3d 47", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_502/0047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "067a555512eaed4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10447, "end": 10462, "quote": "556 U.S. at 678", "context": "007) (per curiam). Legal conclusions, however, are not entitled to any presumption of truth. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678, 129 S.Ct. 1937. Instead, the court must examine the well-pleaded factual allegations, if any, “and", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "556 U.S. 662", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "561f69aac8b0fe2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10464, "end": 10478, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1937", "context": ". Legal conclusions, however, are not entitled to any presumption of truth. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678, 129 S.Ct. 1937. Instead, the court must examine the well-pleaded factual allegations, if any, “and then determine ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1937", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa9937462c124976", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10641, "end": 10651, "quote": "Id. at 679", "context": "gations, if any, “and then determine whether they plausibly give rise to an entitlement to relief.” Id. at 679, 129 S.Ct. 1937.\nAlthough “an employment discrimination plaintiff need not plead a prima facie case", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f5da1d358e13cb6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10653, "end": 10667, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1937", "context": "any, “and then determine whether they plausibly give rise to an entitlement to relief.” Id. at 679, 129 S.Ct. 1937.\nAlthough “an employment discrimination plaintiff need not plead a prima facie case of discriminati", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1937", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "72e23d43b9196d1a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10786, "end": 10801, "quote": "534 U.S. at 515", "context": "oyment discrimination plaintiff need not plead a prima facie case of discrimination,” Swierkiewicz, 534 U.S. at 515, 122 S.Ct. 992, she must satisfy the standards set out in Twombly and Iqbal. See Iqbal, 556 U.S. at", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "534 U.S. 506", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_534/0506_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "40d8587a2daabc93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10803, "end": 10816, "quote": "122 S.Ct. 992", "context": "tion plaintiff need not plead a prima facie case of discrimination,” Swierkiewicz, 534 U.S. at 515, 122 S.Ct. 992, she must satisfy the standards set out in Twombly and Iqbal. See Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 684, 129 S.Ct.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 S. Ct. 992", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_534/0506_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "65131617b8754a7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10890, "end": 10905, "quote": "556 U.S. at 684", "context": "U.S. at 515, 122 S.Ct. 992, she must satisfy the standards set out in Twombly and Iqbal. See Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 684, 129 S.Ct. 1937 (“Our decision in Twombly expounded the pleading standard for all civil actions and", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "556 U.S. 662", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cec7967ffb67b127", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 10907, "end": 10921, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 1937", "context": "S.Ct. 992, she must satisfy the standards set out in Twombly and Iqbal. See Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 684, 129 S.Ct. 1937 (“Our decision in Twombly expounded the pleading standard for all civil actions and it applies to a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 1937", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_556/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e5dbdb74087c838", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 11113, "end": 11131, "quote": "550 U.S. at 569-70", "context": "ies to antitrust and discrimination suits alike.” (citation and quotation marks omitted)); Twombly, 550 U.S. at 569-70, 127 S.Ct. 1955 (noting that plausibility analysis does not require pleading a prima facie case and", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "550 U.S. 544", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_550/0544_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3cc87836d9ba7358", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 11133, "end": 11147, "quote": "127 S.Ct. 1955", "context": " discrimination suits alike.” (citation and quotation marks omitted)); Twombly, 550 U.S. at 569-70, 127 S.Ct. 1955 (noting that plausibility analysis does not require pleading a prima facie case and therefore does ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 S. Ct. 1955", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_550/0544_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "efa7232a627c01d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 11293, "end": 11312, "quote": "456 Fed.Appx. at 23", "context": "equire pleading a prima facie case and therefore does not run counter to Swierkiewicz); cf. Hedges, 456 Fed.Appx. at 23 (noting, without deciding, that “Swierkiewicz’s reliance on Conley suggests that, at a minimum, emp", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "456 F. App'x 22", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "471efcf8222d16ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12206, "end": 12232, "quote": "2013 N.Y. Slip Op 31063(U)", "context": "ion in the Second Circuit and in the New York courts. See McCormick v. Int’l Ctr. for the Disabled, 2013 N.Y. Slip Op 31063(U), 12, 2013 WL 2155585 (Sup.Ct.N.Y. County 2013) (noting the absence of binding precedent regarding w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2013 NY Slip Op 31063(U)", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88d5eb1a2302441d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12238, "end": 12253, "quote": "2013 WL 2155585", "context": " the New York courts. See McCormick v. Int’l Ctr. for the Disabled, 2013 N.Y. Slip Op 31063(U), 12, 2013 WL 2155585 (Sup.Ct.N.Y. County 2013) (noting the absence of binding precedent regarding whether an unpaid inte", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2013 WL 2155585", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ba54f3fb2267c3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12576, "end": 12587, "quote": "326 U.S. 99", "context": "ork courts would likely interpret the NYCHRL to allow such a claim. See Guaranty Trust Co. v. York, 326 U.S. 99, 109, 65 S.Ct. 1464, 89 L.Ed. 2079 (1945) (“[T]he intent of [Erie ] was to insure that, in all case", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "326 U.S. 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e15c4e6f47a0377", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12594, "end": 12607, "quote": "65 S.Ct. 1464", "context": "ikely interpret the NYCHRL to allow such a claim. See Guaranty Trust Co. v. York, 326 U.S. 99, 109, 65 S.Ct. 1464, 89 L.Ed. 2079 (1945) (“[T]he intent of [Erie ] was to insure that, in all cases where a federal co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 S. Ct. 1464", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e87e8a8cf6cbb184", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12609, "end": 12622, "quote": "89 L.Ed. 2079", "context": " the NYCHRL to allow such a claim. See Guaranty Trust Co. v. York, 326 U.S. 99, 109, 65 S.Ct. 1464, 89 L.Ed. 2079 (1945) (“[T]he intent of [Erie ] was to insure that, in all cases where a federal court is exercisi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 2079", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bdcfc279a6292c89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 13148, "end": 13160, "quote": "25 A.D.3d 43", "context": "tory text which is the clearest indicator of legislative intent.” Ragucci v. Prof'l Constr. Servs., 25 A.D.3d 43, 47, 803 N.Y.S.2d 139 (2005) (internal quotations and citations omitted).\nSection 8-107(l)(a) of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 A.D.3d 43", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_25/0043_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4c5a5a0c64723429", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 13166, "end": 13182, "quote": "803 N.Y.S.2d 139", "context": " the clearest indicator of legislative intent.” Ragucci v. Prof'l Constr. Servs., 25 A.D.3d 43, 47, 803 N.Y.S.2d 139 (2005) (internal quotations and citations omitted).\nSection 8-107(l)(a) of the NYCHRL provides that", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "803 N.Y.S.2d 139", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_25/0043_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5738c6aed5063c1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 13235, "end": 13254, "quote": "Section 8-107(l)(a)", "context": "str. Servs., 25 A.D.3d 43, 47, 803 N.Y.S.2d 139 (2005) (internal quotations and citations omitted).\nSection 8-107(l)(a) of the NYCHRL provides that “[i]t shall be an unlawful discriminatory practice” for an “employer” t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70789a720f1311f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 13482, "end": 13495, "quote": "§ 8-107(l)(a)", "context": "person ... in compensation or in terms, conditions or privileges of employment.” N.Y.C. Admin. Code § 8-107(l)(a). Ms. Wang does not argue that the statute’s use of the word “person” means that Ms. Wang need not b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2c046c9ed934028", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 13791, "end": 13809, "quote": "34 Misc.3d 1207(A)", "context": "contention is insupportable under the express terms of the statute.” Weir v. Holland & Knight, LLP, 34 Misc.3d 1207(A), 943 N.Y.S.2d 795, 2011 WL 6973240 (Sup.Ct.N.Y. County 2011); see also Williams v. Kuramo Capital M", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 Misc. 3d 1207(A)", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "268043cbebfc8287", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 13811, "end": 13827, "quote": "943 N.Y.S.2d 795", "context": "ortable under the express terms of the statute.” Weir v. Holland & Knight, LLP, 34 Misc.3d 1207(A), 943 N.Y.S.2d 795, 2011 WL 6973240 (Sup.Ct.N.Y. County 2011); see also Williams v. Kuramo Capital Mgmt., LLC, 36 Misc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "943 N.Y.S.2d 795", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2aa6006be512e28d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 13829, "end": 13844, "quote": "2011 WL 6973240", "context": "express terms of the statute.” Weir v. Holland & Knight, LLP, 34 Misc.3d 1207(A), 943 N.Y.S.2d 795, 2011 WL 6973240 (Sup.Ct.N.Y. County 2011); see also Williams v. Kuramo Capital Mgmt., LLC, 36 Misc.3d 1215(A), 954 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2011 WL 6973240", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ec1b3514dc5c8bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 13920, "end": 13938, "quote": "36 Misc.3d 1215(A)", "context": ".2d 795, 2011 WL 6973240 (Sup.Ct.N.Y. County 2011); see also Williams v. Kuramo Capital Mgmt., LLC, 36 Misc.3d 1215(A), 954 N.Y.S.2d 762, 2012 WL 2942595 (Sup.Ct. Kings County 2012) (“Even though the word person is use", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 Misc. 3d 1215(A)", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4398da2b8f35831a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 13940, "end": 13956, "quote": "954 N.Y.S.2d 762", "context": "3240 (Sup.Ct.N.Y. County 2011); see also Williams v. Kuramo Capital Mgmt., LLC, 36 Misc.3d 1215(A), 954 N.Y.S.2d 762, 2012 WL 2942595 (Sup.Ct. Kings County 2012) (“Even though the word person is used in [the NYSHRL a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "954 N.Y.S.2d 762", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c117c7e25308d7b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 13958, "end": 13973, "quote": "2012 WL 2942595", "context": "County 2011); see also Williams v. Kuramo Capital Mgmt., LLC, 36 Misc.3d 1215(A), 954 N.Y.S.2d 762, 2012 WL 2942595 (Sup.Ct. Kings County 2012) (“Even though the word person is used in [the NYSHRL and the NYCHRL], [", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2012 WL 2942595", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "64898e93413a2f76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 14199, "end": 14212, "quote": "§ 8-107(l)(a)", "context": "efer to an employee because only employees can bring suit under [the NYSHRL] and N.Y.C. Admin. Code § 8-107(l)(a).”) (citing Weir). The plain terms of § 8-107(l)(a) make clear that the provision’s coverage only ex", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2dae6afb929a8b84", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 14250, "end": 14263, "quote": "§ 8-107(l)(a)", "context": "g suit under [the NYSHRL] and N.Y.C. Admin. Code § 8-107(l)(a).”) (citing Weir). The plain terms of § 8-107(l)(a) make clear that the provision’s coverage only extends to employees, for an “employer” logically can", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d41659aaecf85a90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 14955, "end": 14964, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ensation is a threshold issue in determining the existence of an employment relationship under both Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq., and the NYSHRL. See O’Connor v. Davis, ", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3650592a7337de59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 15008, "end": 15015, "quote": "§ 2000e", "context": "tence of an employment relationship under both Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq., and the NYSHRL. See O’Connor v. Davis, 126 F.3d 112, 115— 16 (2d Cir.1997) (holding that a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_2000e/title42_sec2000e_677e5109a984/2000e_definitions_for_the_purposes_of_this_subchapter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "682733b7ceb6ae2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 15064, "end": 15076, "quote": "126 F.3d 112", "context": " of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq., and the NYSHRL. See O’Connor v. Davis, 126 F.3d 112, 115— 16 (2d Cir.1997) (holding that an unpaid intern is not an “employee” under Title VII); Sweene", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 F.3d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_126/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e3c6ab81284050a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 15158, "end": 15167, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "avis, 126 F.3d 112, 115— 16 (2d Cir.1997) (holding that an unpaid intern is not an “employee” under Title VII); Sweeney v. Bd. of Educ. of Rocky Point Union Free Sch. Dist., 112 A.D.2d 240, 241, 491 N.Y.S.2d 4", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c95ddad079d57c3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 15232, "end": 15246, "quote": "112 A.D.2d 240", "context": "s not an “employee” under Title VII); Sweeney v. Bd. of Educ. of Rocky Point Union Free Sch. Dist., 112 A.D.2d 240, 241, 491 N.Y.S.2d 455 (2d Dep’t 1985) (holding that the NYSHRL does not extend protection to unpai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 A.D.2d 240", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_112/0240_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a29bc6d6e3fd06fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 15253, "end": 15269, "quote": "491 N.Y.S.2d 455", "context": "nder Title VII); Sweeney v. Bd. of Educ. of Rocky Point Union Free Sch. Dist., 112 A.D.2d 240, 241, 491 N.Y.S.2d 455 (2d Dep’t 1985) (holding that the NYSHRL does not extend protection to unpaid positions other than ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "491 N.Y.S.2d 455", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a40d10f8249da754", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 15935, "end": 15947, "quote": "92 A.D.3d 29", "context": "ad and remedial purposes.’” (PI. Opp. Mem. of Law at 8 (quoting Bennett v. Health Mgmt. Sys., Inc., 92 A.D.3d 29, 34-35, 936 N.Y.S.2d 112 (1st Dep’t 2011)).) Ms. Wang accurately notes that, pursuant to the Restor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 A.D.3d 29", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_92/0029_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e4204620472b2e5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 15956, "end": 15972, "quote": "936 N.Y.S.2d 112", "context": "ses.’” (PI. Opp. Mem. of Law at 8 (quoting Bennett v. Health Mgmt. Sys., Inc., 92 A.D.3d 29, 34-35, 936 N.Y.S.2d 112 (1st Dep’t 2011)).) Ms. Wang accurately notes that, pursuant to the Restoration Act, “NYCHRL claims", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "936 N.Y.S.2d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_92/0029_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e8cb5e6bfb02b2f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 16327, "end": 16335, "quote": "Id. at 5", "context": "or of discrimination plaintiffs, to the extent that such a construction is reasonably possible.’ ” (Id. at 5 (quoting Mihalik v. Credit Agricole Cheuvreux N. Am., Inc., 715 F.3d 102, 109 (2d Cir.2013)).) Ms. ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a394505de857f9ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 16396, "end": 16408, "quote": "715 F.3d 102", "context": "on is reasonably possible.’ ” (Id. at 5 (quoting Mihalik v. Credit Agricole Cheuvreux N. Am., Inc., 715 F.3d 102, 109 (2d Cir.2013)).) Ms. Wang thus insists that “the proper analysis is one that considers the oth", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 F.3d 102", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_715/0102_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7d71880ebd4dc728", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 16750, "end": 16758, "quote": "Id. at 8", "context": "of tasks performed — and balances those factors along with whether the plaintiff was compensated.” (Id. at 8.)\nThe Court disagrees. This “preexisting test for NYCHRL claims” urged by Ms. Wang was first utiliz", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4c4bc5d2c3ca196", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 16928, "end": 16943, "quote": "109 A.D.2d 1082", "context": "d by Ms. Wang was first utilized in State Div. of Human Rights on Complaint of Emrich v. GTE Corp., 109 A.D.2d 1082, 1083, 487 N.Y.S.2d 234 (4th Dep’t 1985). In that case, the Fourth Department annulled the State Di", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 A.D.2d 1082", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_109/1082_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "21fbf149563da144", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 16951, "end": 16967, "quote": "487 N.Y.S.2d 234", "context": " utilized in State Div. of Human Rights on Complaint of Emrich v. GTE Corp., 109 A.D.2d 1082, 1083, 487 N.Y.S.2d 234 (4th Dep’t 1985). In that case, the Fourth Department annulled the State Division of Human Rights’ ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "487 N.Y.S.2d 234", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b558f534c624d601", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 17946, "end": 17950, "quote": "§ 2.", "context": " another, the servant, in the performance of work by the latter.” 36 N.Y. Jur., Master and Servant, § 2. Despite the fact that petitioner was carried on the agency’s payroll, GTE was her employer. GTE not", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d21526d28418e00a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 18380, "end": 18383, "quote": "Id.", "context": "hts Law by the expediency of contracting with another for the payment of workers under its control.\nId. Numerous courts have since cited GTE Corp. and used this four-factor balancing test in analyzing cl", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f588a953306f0de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 18567, "end": 18581, "quote": "158 F.R.D. 239", "context": " in analyzing claims brought pursuant to the NYSHRL and the NYCHRL. See, e.g., Alie v. NYNEX Corp., 158 F.R.D. 239, 246 (E.D.N.Y.1994); Goyette v. DCA Adver. Inc., 830 F.Supp. 737, 746 (S.D.N.Y.1993); see also Germ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "158 F.R.D. 239", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9c4a4f77af82109", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 18631, "end": 18646, "quote": "830 F.Supp. 737", "context": "RL. See, e.g., Alie v. NYNEX Corp., 158 F.R.D. 239, 246 (E.D.N.Y.1994); Goyette v. DCA Adver. Inc., 830 F.Supp. 737, 746 (S.D.N.Y.1993); see also Germakian v. Kenny Int’l Corp., 151 A.D.2d 342, 343, 543 N.Y.S.2d 66 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "830 F. Supp. 737", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_830/0737_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06b51870687e0562", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 18709, "end": 18723, "quote": "151 A.D.2d 342", "context": "e v. DCA Adver. Inc., 830 F.Supp. 737, 746 (S.D.N.Y.1993); see also Germakian v. Kenny Int’l Corp., 151 A.D.2d 342, 343, 543 N.Y.S.2d 66 (1st Dep’t 1989) (“In State Division of Human Rights v. GTE Corporation, 109 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 A.D.2d 342", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_151/0342_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23ccb03c7400c31b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 18730, "end": 18745, "quote": "543 N.Y.S.2d 66", "context": " 830 F.Supp. 737, 746 (S.D.N.Y.1993); see also Germakian v. Kenny Int’l Corp., 151 A.D.2d 342, 343, 543 N.Y.S.2d 66 (1st Dep’t 1989) (“In State Division of Human Rights v. GTE Corporation, 109 A.D.2d 1082, 1083, 487", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "543 N.Y.S.2d 66", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "791bfa2d8d7e9da5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 18819, "end": 18834, "quote": "109 A.D.2d 1082", "context": " 342, 343, 543 N.Y.S.2d 66 (1st Dep’t 1989) (“In State Division of Human Rights v. GTE Corporation, 109 A.D.2d 1082, 1083, 487 N.Y.S.2d 234 (4th Dep’t 1985), the Appellate Division outlined the elements of the relat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 A.D.2d 1082", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_109/1082_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "358cce27cc3bf881", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 18842, "end": 18858, "quote": "487 N.Y.S.2d 234", "context": " 66 (1st Dep’t 1989) (“In State Division of Human Rights v. GTE Corporation, 109 A.D.2d 1082, 1083, 487 N.Y.S.2d 234 (4th Dep’t 1985), the Appellate Division outlined the elements of the relationship of employer and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "487 N.Y.S.2d 234", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4fc36c1901d0e73", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 19416, "end": 19433, "quote": "158 F.R.D. at 246", "context": "laintiff may be considered an employee under those statutes in the first instance. See, e.g., Alie, 158 F.R.D. at 246 (applying balancing test because “an issue remains concerning whether [defendant] may be deemed pla", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "158 F.R.D. 239", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d1d1bb6551924e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 19624, "end": 19642, "quote": "830 F.Supp. at 746", "context": "eemed plaintiffs employer within the meaning of the Human Rights Law”) (emphasis omitted); Goyette, 830 F.Supp. at 746 (applying balancing test to “deter-min[e] whether an entity may be considered an employer within th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "830 F. Supp. 737", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_830/0737_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "725020f9783e7251", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 19847, "end": 19862, "quote": "923 F.Supp. 460", "context": "ning of the Human Rights Law”).\nThis point is well-illustrated by Robins v. Max Mara, U.S.A., Inc., 923 F.Supp. 460, 470 (S.D.N.Y.1996), which is relied upon by Ms. Wang in her brief. (PI. Opp. Mem. of Law at 8-9.) ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "923 F. Supp. 460", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_923/0460_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "74f8cc373d0cb8f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 20302, "end": 20305, "quote": "Id.", "context": "s for the NYCHRL standard, even when [a purported] employee was not compensated by the defendant.” (Id.) This characterization of Robins, while technically accurate, is incomplete. It is true that the pl", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c199d946523f98f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 20500, "end": 20521, "quote": "923 F.Supp. at 470-71", "context": "he plaintiff in Robins was not compensated by one of the defendants, to wit, Fashion Group. Robins, 923 F.Supp. at 470-71. But the plaintiff was in fact compensated by another defendant, Max Mara USA. Id. Fashion Group th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "923 F. Supp. 460", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_923/0460_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "53b5b85425c78522", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 20601, "end": 20604, "quote": "Id.", "context": "23 F.Supp. at 470-71. But the plaintiff was in fact compensated by another defendant, Max Mara USA. Id. Fashion Group thus argued that it should be dismissed as a defendant because Max Mara USA, not Fash", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "923 F. Supp. 460", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_923/0460_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e31643a7769ccc7a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 20763, "end": 20773, "quote": "Id. at 470", "context": " defendant because Max Mara USA, not Fashion Group, was the plaintiffs “employer” under the NYSHRL. Id. at 470. To resolve this issue, the court applied the four-factor balancing test urged by Ms. Wang, but, as", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "923 F. Supp. 460", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_923/0460_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6fa693433bb6f754", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 21030, "end": 21033, "quote": "Id.", "context": "termin[e] whether a defendant is actually the plaintiffs employer for the purpose of [the NYSHRL].” Id. In part because the plaintiff could not show that Fashion Group paid salary or wages to the plainti", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "923 F. Supp. 460", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_923/0460_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ddd1f28914fc004c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 21304, "end": 21314, "quote": "Id. at 471", "context": "ld] not conclude that Fashion Group was [the plaintiffs] employer for the purpose of the [NYSHRL].” Id. at 471. Robins demonstrates that this balancing test is appropriately used to determine whether a defendan", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "923 F. Supp. 460", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_923/0460_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ea0e0202c52a371", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 21677, "end": 21686, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "e not employees within the ambit of the NYCHRL is further confirmed by analogous interpretations of Title VII and the NYSHRL. The Court’s analysis of Ms. Wang’s hostile work environment claim has thus far foll", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a765e909a0717718", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 21996, "end": 21999, "quote": "§ 1", "context": "rom similar or identical provisions of New York state or federal statutes.” N.Y.C. Local Law No. 85 § 1 (2005); see also Loeffler v. Staten Island Univ. Hosp., 582 F.3d 268, 278 (2d Cir.2009) (“As a resu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "501dc27177f6f597", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 22056, "end": 22068, "quote": "582 F.3d 268", "context": "eral statutes.” N.Y.C. Local Law No. 85 § 1 (2005); see also Loeffler v. Staten Island Univ. Hosp., 582 F.3d 268, 278 (2d Cir.2009) (“As a result of the Restoration Act, the [NYCHRL] now explicitly requires an in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "582 F.3d 268", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_582/0268_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "08fc46d072bc2890", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 22348, "end": 22360, "quote": "61 A.D.3d 62", "context": "nd federal civil rights laws have comparable language.”) (quoting Williams v. N.Y.C. Housing Auth., 61 A.D.3d 62, 66-69, 872 N.Y.S.2d 27 (1st Dep’t 2009)). Nevertheless, the Restoration Act also provides that “[i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 A.D.3d 62", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_61/0062_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0f5cfc8770ea044", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 22369, "end": 22384, "quote": "872 N.Y.S.2d 27", "context": "ts laws have comparable language.”) (quoting Williams v. N.Y.C. Housing Auth., 61 A.D.3d 62, 66-69, 872 N.Y.S.2d 27 (1st Dep’t 2009)). Nevertheless, the Restoration Act also provides that “[i]nterpretations of New Y", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "872 N.Y.S.2d 27", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_59/0208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cdbdabbcdec94d06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 22744, "end": 22747, "quote": "§ 1", "context": "ions of those statutes as a “ceiling above which the [NYCHRL] cannot rise.” N.Y.C. Local Law No. 85 § 1 (2005). Even after the passage of the Restoration Act, the New York Court of Appeals has stated “[w", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc939422714c49b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 23169, "end": 23182, "quote": "14 N.Y.3d 469", "context": "o resolve federal and state employment discrimination claims consistently.” Zakrzewska v. New Sch., 14 N.Y.3d 469, 479, 902 N.Y.S.2d 838, 928 N.E.2d 1035 (2010) (internal quotations and citations omitted).\nIn O’Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 N.Y.3d 469", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_14/0469_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1db77c0d4d7fe96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 23189, "end": 23205, "quote": "902 N.Y.S.2d 838", "context": "d state employment discrimination claims consistently.” Zakrzewska v. New Sch., 14 N.Y.3d 469, 479, 902 N.Y.S.2d 838, 928 N.E.2d 1035 (2010) (internal quotations and citations omitted).\nIn O’Connor v. Davis, the Seco", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "902 N.Y.S.2d 838", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_14/0469_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ee9d392f60279f56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 23207, "end": 23222, "quote": "928 N.E.2d 1035", "context": " discrimination claims consistently.” Zakrzewska v. New Sch., 14 N.Y.3d 469, 479, 902 N.Y.S.2d 838, 928 N.E.2d 1035 (2010) (internal quotations and citations omitted).\nIn O’Connor v. Davis, the Second Circuit analyz", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "928 N.E.2d 1035", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_14/0469_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "edf8e09a9991548d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 23409, "end": 23418, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ircuit analyzed whether an unpaid student intern like Ms. Wang could qualify as an “employee” under Title VII. 126 F.3d 112, 115 (2d Cir.1997). The parties, both at the district court and on appeal, argued thi", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f4c05351a78836e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 23420, "end": 23432, "quote": "126 F.3d 112", "context": "yzed whether an unpaid student intern like Ms. Wang could qualify as an “employee” under Title VII. 126 F.3d 112, 115 (2d Cir.1997). The parties, both at the district court and on appeal, argued this issue within", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 F.3d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_126/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "42817bb7303cc854", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 23667, "end": 23679, "quote": "490 U.S. 730", "context": " principles, specifically the multifactor test outlined in Cmty. for Creative Non-Violence v. Reid, 490 U.S. 730, 751, 109 S.Ct. 2166, 104 L.Ed.2d 811 (1989). In holding that O’Connor was not an employee under Ti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "490 U.S. 730", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f618097487737560", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 23686, "end": 23700, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 2166", "context": "ically the multifactor test outlined in Cmty. for Creative Non-Violence v. Reid, 490 U.S. 730, 751, 109 S.Ct. 2166, 104 L.Ed.2d 811 (1989). In holding that O’Connor was not an employee under Title VII, the Second C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 2166", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "692f3acea734f359", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 23702, "end": 23717, "quote": "104 L.Ed.2d 811", "context": "factor test outlined in Cmty. for Creative Non-Violence v. Reid, 490 U.S. 730, 751, 109 S.Ct. 2166, 104 L.Ed.2d 811 (1989). In holding that O’Connor was not an employee under Title VII, the Second Circuit rejected t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 L. Ed. 2d 811", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99c7a4fd501580cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 23777, "end": 23786, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "30, 751, 109 S.Ct. 2166, 104 L.Ed.2d 811 (1989). In holding that O’Connor was not an employee under Title VII, the Second Circuit rejected the parties’ application of this multi-factor test:\n[W]e think that th", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21e0f44d4aafc6e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 24813, "end": 24831, "quote": "126 F.3d at 115-16", "context": "tion, it is an essential condition to the existence of an employer-employee relationship.\nO’Connor, 126 F.3d at 115-16 (citations omitted). The Second Circuit thus concluded that “the preliminary question of remunerati", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "126 F.3d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_126/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3aeaf7bff9d19b02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 25067, "end": 25077, "quote": "Id. at 116", "context": " that O’Connor’s discrimination claim must fail because of the uncontested absence of remuneration. Id. at 116.\nSince O’Connor was decided, courts have engaged in a two-step process in determining whether a pla", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "126 F.3d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_126/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "60811a3112038610", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 25223, "end": 25232, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ged in a two-step process in determining whether a plaintiff is an employee under the protection of Title VII: “[f]irst, the plaintiff must show she was hired by the putative employer. To prove that she was hi", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16ef75bad62dd272", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 25687, "end": 25698, "quote": "359 F.3d 83", "context": "[Reid ] to determine whether an employment relationship exists.” United States v. City of New York, 359 F.3d 83, 91-92 (2d Cir.2004) (citing O’Connor, 126 F.3d at 115) (internal quotations and citations omitted)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "359 F.3d 83", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_359/0083_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "02719fb8fa70d645", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 25738, "end": 25753, "quote": "126 F.3d at 115", "context": "ship exists.” United States v. City of New York, 359 F.3d 83, 91-92 (2d Cir.2004) (citing O’Connor, 126 F.3d at 115) (internal quotations and citations omitted). In sum, remuneration is a threshold inquiry in establ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "126 F.3d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_126/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5dd9afe1ffc3dcaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 26194, "end": 26209, "quote": "2012 WL 1883508", "context": " common-law agency test in Reid. Compare Conde v. Sisley Cosmetics USA Inc., No. 11 Civ. 4010(RJS), 2012 WL 1883508, at *2 n. 3 (S.D.N.Y. May 23, 2012) with Reid, 490 U.S. at 751, 109 S.Ct. 2166. Application of the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2012 WL 1883508", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e3d1dfb86d2a3d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 26257, "end": 26272, "quote": "490 U.S. at 751", "context": "ics USA Inc., No. 11 Civ. 4010(RJS), 2012 WL 1883508, at *2 n. 3 (S.D.N.Y. May 23, 2012) with Reid, 490 U.S. at 751, 109 S.Ct. 2166. Application of the four-factor test, like application of Reid, is only appropriate", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "490 U.S. 730", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c2a217db0958351", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 26274, "end": 26288, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 2166", "context": " 11 Civ. 4010(RJS), 2012 WL 1883508, at *2 n. 3 (S.D.N.Y. May 23, 2012) with Reid, 490 U.S. at 751, 109 S.Ct. 2166. Application of the four-factor test, like application of Reid, is only appropriate once a plaintif", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 2166", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29b8bf5a3d010f2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 26505, "end": 26520, "quote": "126 F.3d at 116", "context": "st instance, demonstrated the existence of the “essential condition” of remuneration. See O’Connor, 126 F.3d at 116. Because it is uncontested that Ms. Wang received no remuneration for her services, application of ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "126 F.3d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_126/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c4debc9985dd6738", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 27069, "end": 27072, "quote": "§ 1", "context": "otection of the civil rights of all persons covered by the law.” See, e.g., N.Y.C. Local Law No. 85 § 1 (2005). For example, in 1991, the City Council instituted a series of “fundamental amendments” to t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e04a954ceec2bcc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 27297, "end": 27312, "quote": "61 A.D.3d at 68", "context": " coverage, limited exemptions, broadened remedies, and created a private right of action. Williams, 61 A.D.3d at 68, 872 N.Y.S.2d 27; see N.Y.C. Local Law No. 39 (1991). The Restoration Act of 2005 further amended t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "61 A.D.3d 62", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_61/0062_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ea8ac5e84c15b472", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 27314, "end": 27329, "quote": "872 N.Y.S.2d 27", "context": "d exemptions, broadened remedies, and created a private right of action. Williams, 61 A.D.3d at 68, 872 N.Y.S.2d 27; see N.Y.C. Local Law No. 39 (1991). The Restoration Act of 2005 further amended the statute to ful", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "872 N.Y.S.2d 27", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_59/0208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "847399cf5a2befb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 27622, "end": 27625, "quote": "§ 1", "context": "endently from, and more liberally than, its federal and state counterparts. N.Y.C. Local Law No. 85 § 1 (2005). None of these amendments, however, altered the NYCHRL to add a provision extending coverage", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1517de1a5525730a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 28179, "end": 28183, "quote": "§ 48", "context": "ee, the touchstone of which is mutually beneficial economic substance.” 18 N.Y. Jur.2d Civil Rights § 48 (2013) (citing Sweeney v. Bd. of Educ. of Rocky Point Union Free Sch. Dist., 112 A.D.2d 240, 491 N.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "af2461add3f17eeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 28261, "end": 28275, "quote": "112 A.D.2d 240", "context": "r.2d Civil Rights § 48 (2013) (citing Sweeney v. Bd. of Educ. of Rocky Point Union Free Sch. Dist., 112 A.D.2d 240, 491 N.Y.S.2d 455 (2d Dep’t 1985); State Div. of Human Rights v. Bd. of Co-op. Educ. Servs., 98 A.D", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 A.D.2d 240", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_112/0240_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "af50dfef2beb684f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 28277, "end": 28293, "quote": "491 N.Y.S.2d 455", "context": "s § 48 (2013) (citing Sweeney v. Bd. of Educ. of Rocky Point Union Free Sch. Dist., 112 A.D.2d 240, 491 N.Y.S.2d 455 (2d Dep’t 1985); State Div. of Human Rights v. Bd. of Co-op. Educ. Servs., 98 A.D.2d 958, 470 N.Y.S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "491 N.Y.S.2d 455", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d003ea28cc4b11a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 28369, "end": 28382, "quote": "98 A.D.2d 958", "context": "2d 240, 491 N.Y.S.2d 455 (2d Dep’t 1985); State Div. of Human Rights v. Bd. of Co-op. Educ. Servs., 98 A.D.2d 958, 470 N.Y.S.2d 209 (4th Dep’t 1983)).\nFor example, in 1985, the Second Department held that the NYSH", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 A.D.2d 958", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_98/0958_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "319c904aa17b90ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 28384, "end": 28400, "quote": "470 N.Y.S.2d 209", "context": ".S.2d 455 (2d Dep’t 1985); State Div. of Human Rights v. Bd. of Co-op. Educ. Servs., 98 A.D.2d 958, 470 N.Y.S.2d 209 (4th Dep’t 1983)).\nFor example, in 1985, the Second Department held that the NYSHRL does not extend", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "470 N.Y.S.2d 209", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a6e154e92799f218", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 28829, "end": 28842, "quote": "98 A.D.2d 958", "context": "ne of an employer/employee relationship” State Div. of Human Rights v. Board of Coop. Educ. Servs., 98 A.D.2d 958, 470 N.Y.S.2d 209 (4th Dep’t 1983).\nWhile [the NYSHRL] does expressly cover volunteer firemen, the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 A.D.2d 958", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_98/0958_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3260286e8995059f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 28844, "end": 28860, "quote": "470 N.Y.S.2d 209", "context": "er/employee relationship” State Div. of Human Rights v. Board of Coop. Educ. Servs., 98 A.D.2d 958, 470 N.Y.S.2d 209 (4th Dep’t 1983).\nWhile [the NYSHRL] does expressly cover volunteer firemen, the Legislature’s fail", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "470 N.Y.S.2d 209", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9491ca8b3dd0b6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 29111, "end": 29128, "quote": "112 A.D.2d at 241", "context": "idences its intent not to extend the protection of the statute to all voluntary positions.\nSweeney, 112 A.D.2d at 241, 491 N.Y.S.2d 455 (citations omitted). At the time of the 1991 amendments, the New York City Counci", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "112 A.D.2d 240", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_112/0240_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e57b87c3519c69ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 29130, "end": 29146, "quote": "491 N.Y.S.2d 455", "context": "not to extend the protection of the statute to all voluntary positions.\nSweeney, 112 A.D.2d at 241, 491 N.Y.S.2d 455 (citations omitted). At the time of the 1991 amendments, the New York City Council was presumably a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "491 N.Y.S.2d 455", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "385fb2ad2e9c9fb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 29437, "end": 29452, "quote": "582 F.3d at 278", "context": "t discrimination claims brought pursuant to the NYSHRL and the NYCHRL as coextensive. See Loeffler, 582 F.3d at 278. The City Council’s decision in 1991 to fundamentally amend the NYCHRL, while not explicitly extend", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "582 F.3d 268", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_582/0268_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "31eddd4322521c2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 29700, "end": 29719, "quote": "N.Y. Stat. Law § 74", "context": "inces the City Council’s intention that the NYCHRL’s protection not extend to unpaid positions. See N.Y. Stat. Law § 74 (McKinney 2013) (“A court cannot by implication supply in a statute a provision which it is reasona", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "N.Y. Law § 74", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e491a445c43aa67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 30288, "end": 30302, "quote": "309 A.D.2d 234", "context": "eat remuneration as the “touchstone” of an employer-employee relationship. See Kent v. Papert Cos., 309 A.D.2d 234, 247-48, 764 N.Y.S.2d 675 (1st Dep’t 2003) (“Moreover, PCI and the Paperts cannot be held liable fo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "309 A.D.2d 234", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_309/0234_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cae53652204c4098", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 30312, "end": 30328, "quote": "764 N.Y.S.2d 675", "context": "“touchstone” of an employer-employee relationship. See Kent v. Papert Cos., 309 A.D.2d 234, 247-48, 764 N.Y.S.2d 675 (1st Dep’t 2003) (“Moreover, PCI and the Paperts cannot be held liable for Landon’s decision not to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "764 N.Y.S.2d 675", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_309/0234_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "746e67193c636434", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 30735, "end": 30751, "quote": "98 A.D.2d at 958", "context": "a relationship is ‘mutually beneficial economic substance.’ ”) (quoting State Div. of Human Rights, 98 A.D.2d at 958, 470 N.Y.S.2d 209); see also O’Connor, 126 F.3d at 116.\nIn sum, the plain meaning of the NYCHRL, th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "98 A.D.2d 958", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_98/0958_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6951cd7a1adbd075", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 30753, "end": 30769, "quote": "470 N.Y.S.2d 209", "context": "‘mutually beneficial economic substance.’ ”) (quoting State Div. of Human Rights, 98 A.D.2d at 958, 470 N.Y.S.2d 209); see also O’Connor, 126 F.3d at 116.\nIn sum, the plain meaning of the NYCHRL, the case law, interp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "470 N.Y.S.2d 209", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b20a73d9e812279", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 30791, "end": 30806, "quote": "126 F.3d at 116", "context": "e.’ ”) (quoting State Div. of Human Rights, 98 A.D.2d at 958, 470 N.Y.S.2d 209); see also O’Connor, 126 F.3d at 116.\nIn sum, the plain meaning of the NYCHRL, the case law, interpretations of analogous wording in Tit", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "126 F.3d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_126/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7aa0a8f0280e1438", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 30903, "end": 30912, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "116.\nIn sum, the plain meaning of the NYCHRL, the case law, interpretations of analogous wording in Title VII and the NYSHRL, as well as the legislative history of the NYCHRL all confirm that the NYCHRL’s prot", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c612a3065cbc0875", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 31593, "end": 31602, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "position in question. Claims under the NYSHRL are analyzed under the same standards as claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et. seq. Mittl v. N.Y. State Div. of Human Right", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac70681ad9575ba3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 31646, "end": 31653, "quote": "§ 2000e", "context": "lyzed under the same standards as claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et. seq. Mittl v. N.Y. State Div. of Human Rights, 100 N.Y.2d 326, 330, 763 N.Y.S.2d 518, 794 N.E.2", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_2000e/title42_sec2000e_677e5109a984/2000e_definitions_for_the_purposes_of_this_subchapter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "254e1c277efff126", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 31705, "end": 31719, "quote": "100 N.Y.2d 326", "context": " the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et. seq. Mittl v. N.Y. State Div. of Human Rights, 100 N.Y.2d 326, 330, 763 N.Y.S.2d 518, 794 N.E.2d 660 (2003). In order to sustain a claim for failure to hire, a p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 N.Y.2d 326", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_100/0326_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0baa2f39cf1d4b8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 31726, "end": 31742, "quote": "763 N.Y.S.2d 518", "context": " of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et. seq. Mittl v. N.Y. State Div. of Human Rights, 100 N.Y.2d 326, 330, 763 N.Y.S.2d 518, 794 N.E.2d 660 (2003). In order to sustain a claim for failure to hire, a plaintiff must allege th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "763 N.Y.S.2d 518", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_100/0326_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "086f394d2183d54f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 31744, "end": 31758, "quote": "794 N.E.2d 660", "context": ". § 2000e et. seq. Mittl v. N.Y. State Div. of Human Rights, 100 N.Y.2d 326, 330, 763 N.Y.S.2d 518, 794 N.E.2d 660 (2003). In order to sustain a claim for failure to hire, a plaintiff must allege that she applied f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "794 N.E.2d 660", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_100/0326_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d2a0eefcfda0ca7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 32048, "end": 32060, "quote": "450 U.S. 248", "context": "giving rise to an inference of unlawful discrimination. See Tex. Dep’t of Cmty. Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 253, 101 S.Ct. 1089, 67 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981). Phoenix does not claim that the complaint is insuffici", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "450 U.S. 248", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9df2665982306722", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 32067, "end": 32081, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 1089", "context": "nference of unlawful discrimination. See Tex. Dep’t of Cmty. Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 253, 101 S.Ct. 1089, 67 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981). Phoenix does not claim that the complaint is insufficient regarding Ms. Wan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 1089", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6d6ef679624fe67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 32083, "end": 32097, "quote": "67 L.Ed.2d 207", "context": "wful discrimination. See Tex. Dep’t of Cmty. Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 253, 101 S.Ct. 1089, 67 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981). Phoenix does not claim that the complaint is insufficient regarding Ms. Wang’s qualificatio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 L. Ed. 2d 207", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "283335c3c2eff525", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 32484, "end": 32496, "quote": "163 F.3d 706", "context": "t allege specific positions to which she applied and was rejected. See Brown v. Coach Stores, Inc., 163 F.3d 706, 710 (2d Cir.1998). To qualify as an application, a plaintiffs actions must be more than a general ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "163 F.3d 706", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_163/0706_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f866a5c923d99004", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 32625, "end": 32628, "quote": "id.", "context": "fy as an application, a plaintiffs actions must be more than a general request for employment. (See id.) This does not require, however, that a plaintiff must always allege a formal application, though t", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09f213a0033dd570", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 33079, "end": 33091, "quote": "385 F.3d 210", "context": " to apply for it through informal procedures endorsed by the employer.” Petrosino v. Bell Atlantic, 385 F.3d 210, 227 (2d Cir.2004). When an applicant is unaware of open positions because an employer does not pos", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "385 F.3d 210", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_385/0210_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "49ae695dd59d682c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 33327, "end": 33339, "quote": "368 F.3d 123", "context": "plaintiff to express interest in a particular class of positions. Williams v. R.H. Donnelley Corp., 368 F.3d 123, 129 (2d Cir.2004); Mauro v. S. New England Telecomms., Inc., 208 F.3d 384, 387 (2d Cir.2000).\nHere", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 F.3d 123", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/0123_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b3bfaf4b7f4925b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 33402, "end": 33414, "quote": "208 F.3d 384", "context": "v. R.H. Donnelley Corp., 368 F.3d 123, 129 (2d Cir.2004); Mauro v. S. New England Telecomms., Inc., 208 F.3d 384, 387 (2d Cir.2000).\nHere, accepting the amended complaint’s factual allegations as true and drawing", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "208 F.3d 384", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_208/0384_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cb6e2782bd26b91b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 34278, "end": 34281, "quote": "Id.", "context": "d permanent employment with other reporters, and investigated Phoenix’s visa sponsorship policies. (Id. ¶¶ 19-20). At all times, Ms. Wang’s actions indicate interest for a single class of position, that ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "955d7c80826f9476", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 34411, "end": 34427, "quote": "id. ¶¶ 17, 19-20", "context": "Wang’s actions indicate interest for a single class of position, that of a full-time reporter. (See id. ¶¶ 17, 19-20.) In addition, statements and conduct by Mr. Liu, the bureau chief, indicated that such a position ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "914cee83462f389e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 34664, "end": 34677, "quote": "id. ¶¶ 11, 19", "context": "ring the course of her internship, he spoke with her about permanent employment opportunities. (See id. ¶¶ 11, 19.) Later, when Ms. Wang later called asking about employment, Mr. Liu, rather than informing her the", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b37b2f5c8e3f763", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 34875, "end": 34878, "quote": "Id.", "context": "here was no position, invited her to Atlantic City for the weekend to discuss “job opportunities.” (Id. ¶ 29.) Therefore, it may properly be inferred that unposted job opportunities, including a reporter", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7010fed8c2fb7b7a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 35556, "end": 35571, "quote": "2004 WL 1497560", "context": "iving rise to those charges, e.g. Whyte v. Contemporary Guidance Servs., Inc., No. 03 CV 5544(GBD), 2004 WL 1497560, at *2-3 (S.D.N.Y. July 2, 2004) (dismissing a complaint that merely alleged a “policy” of discrimi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2004 WL 1497560", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc6f300feaf92189", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 35736, "end": 35751, "quote": "2002 WL 1750841", "context": "rely alleged a “policy” of discrimination); Johnson v. City Univ. of N.Y., No. 00 CIV. 4964 WK RLE, 2002 WL 1750841, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. July 24, 2002) (dismissing a claim where the plaintiff conceded there were no open", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2002 WL 1750841", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b865fffd6680d8e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 36083, "end": 36100, "quote": "869 F.Supp.2d 378", "context": "had been eliminated or never created, e.g., Zito v. Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver. & Jacobson, LLP, 869 F.Supp.2d 378, 399 (S.D.N.Y.2012) (dismissing a claim where the duties of the position at issue had been redistri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "869 F. Supp. 2d 378", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_869/0378_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d1a229e959bf5734", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 36258, "end": 36275, "quote": "228 F.Supp.2d 415", "context": "of the position at issue had been redistributed to other employees); Bernstein v. MONY Group, Inc., 228 F.Supp.2d 415, 419 (S.D.N.Y.2002) (dismissing a claim where the plaintiff conceded that no position was ever crea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "228 F. Supp. 2d 415", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_228/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d1d3bfbb4ba90795", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 36893, "end": 36896, "quote": "Id.", "context": "rocedures. The entire hiring process in the New York office was in the sole discretion of Mr. Liu. {Id. ¶¶ 18.) Phoenix did not have a human resources department in the New York office, nor were there an", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81dfa110c4ac2438", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 37053, "end": 37056, "quote": "Id.", "context": "t in the New York office, nor were there any officers in the United States who supervised Mr. Liu. {Id. ¶ 10.) When Ms. Wang contacted Mr. Liu about permanent employment, Mr. Liu’s response was to invite", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b22c7e7aef0eef8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 37245, "end": 37252, "quote": "id. ¶29", "context": "s to invite her to Atlantic City for the weekend, rather than to solicit a formal application. {See id. ¶29.) Furthermore, it may be inferred that Ms. Wang received her earlier internship at Phoenix through ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88cf206ada7e32f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 37537, "end": 37553, "quote": "id. ¶¶ 7, 11, 14", "context": "in Hong Kong and interviewed for the position with Mr. Liu, who made the decision to hire her. {See id. ¶¶ 7, 11, 14.) Ms. Wang’s prior experience at Phoenix and Mr. Liu’s subsequent behavior give rise to the inferen", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a376b1a5e03f9511", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 38246, "end": 38249, "quote": "§ 1", "context": " courts must interpret the NYCHRL independently from its state counterpart. N.Y.C. Local Law No. 85 § 1 (2005). With regards to the NYCHRL, the NYSHRL represents a “a floor below which the City’s Human R", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db2053c48ed604e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 38373, "end": 38376, "quote": "Id.", "context": " the NYCHRL, the NYSHRL represents a “a floor below which the City’s Human Rights law cannot fall.” Id. Therefore, claims found sufficient under the NYSHRL necessarily must survive under the NYCHRL.\nThe ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3a3d0f62b106387d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_976/0527_01/index.html", "start": 39246, "end": 39258, "quote": "582 F.3d 268", "context": " coextensive with claims brought pursuant to the NYCHRL. See Loeffler v. Staten Island Univ. Hosp., 582 F.3d 268, 278 (2d Cir.2009).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "582 F.3d 268", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_582/0268_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "75824c3eb4e1153d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_977/1364_01/index.html", "start": 76, "end": 92, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1407", "context": "\nTRANSFER ORDER\nJOHN G. HEYBURN II, Chairman.\nBefore the Panel: Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1407, defendant HRB Tax Group, Inc. (HRB), on behalf of itself and defendants HRB Technology LLC, HRB Di", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1407", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b61110dad4a0c57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_977/1364_01/index.html", "start": 2581, "end": 2597, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1407", "context": "ingness and ability to efficiently manage this litigation.\nIT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1407, the actions listed on Schedule A pending outside the Western District of Missouri are transferred ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1407", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea7f3fcc3cd7a57f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 378, "end": 393, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "t seeks relief from convictions of discharging a firearm during a crime of violence in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) as charged in Count 2 and Count 5 of the Indictment. The Government opposes Defendant’s Mo", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "b05ce7f5aa3ea467", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 388, "end": 402, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)(A)", "context": "lief from convictions of discharging a firearm during a crime of violence in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) as charged in Count 2 and Count 5 of the Indictment. The Government opposes Defendant’s Motion to A", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d689c08acc98d7fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 3176, "end": 3179, "quote": "Id.", "context": " jury acquitted Defendant of first degree murder, second degree murder, and voluntary manslaughter. Id.\nB. The Jury Instructions\nPrior to jury deliberations, the Court instructed the jury on the elements", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93b9c17f28577e41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 4446, "end": 4461, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "d offenses of first degree murder, including involuntary manslaughter, are crimes of violence under 18 U.S.C. § 924.\nIn Jury Instruction No. 13, the Court explained Count 5 of the Indictment. Like Jury Instruction N", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d152fd6a59192c5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 4456, "end": 4462, "quote": "§ 924.", "context": " of first degree murder, including involuntary manslaughter, are crimes of violence under 18 U.S.C. § 924.\nIn Jury Instruction No. 13, the Court explained Count 5 of the Indictment. Like Jury Instruction No", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "71063a3d8378a991", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 5616, "end": 5631, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "the jury that involuntary manslaughter was a crime of violence and could support a conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1). In addition, the Court did not instruct the jury on discharging a firearm, although the verd", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "b93a6cfe687edbb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 5626, "end": 5637, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)", "context": "hat involuntary manslaughter was a crime of violence and could support a conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1). In addition, the Court did not instruct the jury on discharging a firearm, although the verdict fo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "29532feb681d5752", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6174, "end": 6177, "quote": "Id.", "context": ", a defendant who fails to preserve an error is entitled to relief if he can establish plain error. Id.; Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(b). The Supreme Court has confirmed that plain error review is the appropriate st", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07baaa2b2813940b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6431, "end": 6441, "quote": "527 U.S. 1", "context": " offense and the defendant fails to object to the instruction at trial. See Neder v. United States, 527 U.S. 1, 8-9, 119 S.Ct. 1827, 144 L.Ed.2d 35 (1999) (failing to submit an element to the jury is not struct", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "527 U.S. 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_527/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "26fd9299808b6ff2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6448, "end": 6462, "quote": "119 S.Ct. 1827", "context": "defendant fails to object to the instruction at trial. See Neder v. United States, 527 U.S. 1, 8-9, 119 S.Ct. 1827, 144 L.Ed.2d 35 (1999) (failing to submit an element to the jury is not structural error and does n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 S. Ct. 1827", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_527/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6a7d073911f2ce8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6464, "end": 6478, "quote": "144 L.Ed.2d 35", "context": "to object to the instruction at trial. See Neder v. United States, 527 U.S. 1, 8-9, 119 S.Ct. 1827, 144 L.Ed.2d 35 (1999) (failing to submit an element to the jury is not structural error and does not require rever", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "144 L. Ed. 2d 35", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_527/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1cd7255a9aa3e09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6635, "end": 6647, "quote": "520 U.S. 461", "context": "structural error and does not require reversal if it is harmless) (citing Johnson v. United States, 520 U.S. 461, 117 S.Ct. 1544, 137 L.Ed.2d 718 (1997)); see also United States v. Clifton, 127 F.3d 969, 970 (10t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "520 U.S. 461", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/0461_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bc9287ed49f720ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6649, "end": 6663, "quote": "117 S.Ct. 1544", "context": "or and does not require reversal if it is harmless) (citing Johnson v. United States, 520 U.S. 461, 117 S.Ct. 1544, 137 L.Ed.2d 718 (1997)); see also United States v. Clifton, 127 F.3d 969, 970 (10th Cir.1997) (rev", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 1544", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/0461_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6d76222ee41178cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6665, "end": 6680, "quote": "137 L.Ed.2d 718", "context": "require reversal if it is harmless) (citing Johnson v. United States, 520 U.S. 461, 117 S.Ct. 1544, 137 L.Ed.2d 718 (1997)); see also United States v. Clifton, 127 F.3d 969, 970 (10th Cir.1997) (reviewing a district", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 L. Ed. 2d 718", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/0461_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "61cdc64e72d6cd30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 6725, "end": 6737, "quote": "127 F.3d 969", "context": "d States, 520 U.S. 461, 117 S.Ct. 1544, 137 L.Ed.2d 718 (1997)); see also United States v. Clifton, 127 F.3d 969, 970 (10th Cir.1997) (reviewing a district court decision not to submit an element of the offense t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 F.3d 969", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_127/0969_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cad3cd8176d96416", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7390, "end": 7403, "quote": "443 F.3d 1310", "context": "s] the fairness, integrity, or public reputation of judicial proceedings.” United States v. Teague, 443 F.3d 1310, 1318-19 (10th Cir.2006). An error that affects the defendant’s substantial rights involves “a reas", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "443 F.3d 1310", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_443/1310_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7cfe9365dc077f8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7650, "end": 7661, "quote": "542 U.S. 74", "context": "imed], the result of the proceeding would have been different.” United States v. Dominguez Benitez, 542 U.S. 74, 82, 124 S.Ct. 2333, 159 L.Ed.2d 157 (2004) (citations omitted). Plain error analysis is conducted ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "542 U.S. 74", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_542/0074_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1e5ce2ed0da48fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7667, "end": 7681, "quote": "124 S.Ct. 2333", "context": " of the proceeding would have been different.” United States v. Dominguez Benitez, 542 U.S. 74, 82, 124 S.Ct. 2333, 159 L.Ed.2d 157 (2004) (citations omitted). Plain error analysis is conducted “less rigidly” when ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 S. Ct. 2333", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_542/0074_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6a4ffd2d7f1c129c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7683, "end": 7698, "quote": "159 L.Ed.2d 157", "context": "ng would have been different.” United States v. Dominguez Benitez, 542 U.S. 74, 82, 124 S.Ct. 2333, 159 L.Ed.2d 157 (2004) (citations omitted). Plain error analysis is conducted “less rigidly” when reviewing a const", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "159 L. Ed. 2d 157", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_542/0074_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f951149b6a3fd7cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7839, "end": 7852, "quote": "403 F.3d 1147", "context": "analysis is conducted “less rigidly” when reviewing a constitutional error. United States v. Dazey, 403 F.3d 1147, 1174 (10th Cir.2005).\nB. Defendant’s First Argument (Involuntary Manslaughter is Not a Crime of Vi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "403 F.3d 1147", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_403/1147_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a539d515f3a88a2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7963, "end": 7978, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "h Cir.2005).\nB. Defendant’s First Argument (Involuntary Manslaughter is Not a Crime of Violence)\n1. 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)’s Definition of a Crime of Violence\nTitle 18 U.S.C. § 924 criminalizes using a firearm during an", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f5e815aabc27f4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 7973, "end": 7981, "quote": "§ 924(c)", "context": ").\nB. Defendant’s First Argument (Involuntary Manslaughter is Not a Crime of Violence)\n1. 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)’s Definition of a Crime of Violence\nTitle 18 U.S.C. § 924 criminalizes using a firearm during and i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ea6c41d6eb3fb38e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8024, "end": 8039, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "aughter is Not a Crime of Violence)\n1. 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)’s Definition of a Crime of Violence\nTitle 18 U.S.C. § 924 criminalizes using a firearm during and in relation to a “crime of violence.” It defines a “crime o", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff91989639c30d07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8457, "end": 8472, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "rce against the person or property of another may be used in the course of committing the offense.” 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3).\nThe definition of crime of violence found in § 924 does not explicitly exclude unintentional", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "79973ffd3bdc7c3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8467, "end": 8478, "quote": "§ 924(c)(3)", "context": "t the person or property of another may be used in the course of committing the offense.” 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3).\nThe definition of crime of violence found in § 924 does not explicitly exclude unintentional condu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "bdc0a0722ac6c99e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8525, "end": 8530, "quote": "§ 924", "context": "rse of committing the offense.” 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3).\nThe definition of crime of violence found in § 924 does not explicitly exclude unintentional conduct; there is no reference to mens rea. However, the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81cb2067370634b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8654, "end": 8659, "quote": "§ 924", "context": "lude unintentional conduct; there is no reference to mens rea. However, the most natural reading of § 924 “suggests a higher degree of intent than negligent or merely accidental conduct.” Leocal v. Ashcrof", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2667593d292ae156", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8762, "end": 8772, "quote": "543 U.S. 1", "context": "uggests a higher degree of intent than negligent or merely accidental conduct.” Leocal v. Ashcroft, 543 U.S. 1, 9, 125 S.Ct. 377, 160 L.Ed.2d 271 (2004). “Interpreting [a crime of violence] to encompass acciden", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "543 U.S. 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8617a2320a523d5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8777, "end": 8790, "quote": "125 S.Ct. 377", "context": "r degree of intent than negligent or merely accidental conduct.” Leocal v. Ashcroft, 543 U.S. 1, 9, 125 S.Ct. 377, 160 L.Ed.2d 271 (2004). “Interpreting [a crime of violence] to encompass accidental or negligent c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "125 S. Ct. 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "37d0f39631e344be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 8792, "end": 8807, "quote": "160 L.Ed.2d 271", "context": "ent than negligent or merely accidental conduct.” Leocal v. Ashcroft, 543 U.S. 1, 9, 125 S.Ct. 377, 160 L.Ed.2d 271 (2004). “Interpreting [a crime of violence] to encompass accidental or negligent conduct would blur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "160 L. Ed. 2d 271", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bb5b7c74c5d89ed4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9029, "end": 9038, "quote": "Id. at 11", "context": "en the ‘violent’ crimes Congress sought to distinguish for heightened punishment and other crimes.” Id. at 11, 125 S.Ct. 377.\nIn Leocal, the Supreme Court held that the word “use” in the definition of crime of", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e9614763ba63e3a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9040, "end": 9053, "quote": "125 S.Ct. 377", "context": "lent’ crimes Congress sought to distinguish for heightened punishment and other crimes.” Id. at 11, 125 S.Ct. 377.\nIn Leocal, the Supreme Court held that the word “use” in the definition of crime of violence requi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "125 S. Ct. 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8b2491628077137e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9178, "end": 9186, "quote": "Id. at 9", "context": "Court held that the word “use” in the definition of crime of violence requires “active employment.” Id. at 9, 125 S.Ct. 377. Because one “would not ordinarily say a person ‘use[s] ... physical force against’ ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "157bfef72cd7b3bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9188, "end": 9201, "quote": "125 S.Ct. 377", "context": " that the word “use” in the definition of crime of violence requires “active employment.” Id. at 9, 125 S.Ct. 377. Because one “would not ordinarily say a person ‘use[s] ... physical force against’ another by stum", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "125 S. Ct. 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ee815335b0d61442", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9460, "end": 9463, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nse a “crime of violence” if the force resulting from the offender’s conduct was merely accidental. Id.\nAccidental conduct includes reckless conduct. United States v. Zunigar-Soto, 527 F.3d 1110, 1124 (1", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "125 S. Ct. 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "30750c42a695c635", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9541, "end": 9554, "quote": "527 F.3d 1110", "context": "merely accidental. Id.\nAccidental conduct includes reckless conduct. United States v. Zunigar-Soto, 527 F.3d 1110, 1124 (10th Cir.2008) (“In light of the persuasive reasoning of our sister circuits, we are convinc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "527 F.3d 1110", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_527/1110_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "17cf38e6df854e43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9829, "end": 9833, "quote": "§ 16", "context": " Leocal Court described as failing to satisfy the use of physical force requirement under either of § 16’s definitions of ‘crime of violence.’ ”). “[O]nly those crimes with a mens rea of intent or purpose", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8faeda49dcd1864f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 9991, "end": 10004, "quote": "651 F.3d 1226", "context": "rimes with a mens rea of intent or purpose qualify as crimes of violence.” United States v. Armijo, 651 F.3d 1226, 1234 (10th Cir.2011).\n2. Involuntary Manslaughter is not a Crime of Violence\nTo convict a defendan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "651 F.3d 1226", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_651/1226_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ab6868c98ce981d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10140, "end": 10156, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 1112", "context": "ry Manslaughter is not a Crime of Violence\nTo convict a defendant of involuntary manslaughter under 18 U.S.C. § 1112, the Government “need not prove that the defendant specifically intended to cause the death of the ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 1112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_1112/title18_sec1112_39b349a0aaa7/1112_manslaughter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "170c530ca0f660fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10479, "end": 10492, "quote": "207 F.3d 1222", "context": "for human life.” Tenth Circuit Pattern Jury Instruction 2.54.1 (paraphrasing United States v. Wood, 207 F.3d 1222, 1228 (10th Cir.2000)). Involuntary manslaughter does not demand the requisite mens rea to be a cri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "207 F.3d 1222", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_207/1222_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b0efe1d1baf6b51f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10625, "end": 10641, "quote": "527 F.3d at 1124", "context": "ary manslaughter does not demand the requisite mens rea to be a crime of violence. See Zuniga-Soto, 527 F.3d at 1124; Armijo, 651 F.3d at 1234.\nThe Government seeks to avoid this conclusion by distinguishing Zuniga-S", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "527 F.3d 1110", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_527/1110_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "12d6589e06ad6713", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10651, "end": 10667, "quote": "651 F.3d at 1234", "context": "demand the requisite mens rea to be a crime of violence. See Zuniga-Soto, 527 F.3d at 1124; Armijo, 651 F.3d at 1234.\nThe Government seeks to avoid this conclusion by distinguishing Zuniga-Soto and Armijo. It points ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "651 F.3d 1226", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_651/1226_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "568d8e90938d2ee2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 10871, "end": 10877, "quote": "§ 924.", "context": "that neither Zuniga-Soto nor Armijo directly involves the crime of violence definition contained in § 924. Response at 21-22. Crime of violence is defined in numerous sections of the U.S.Code and U.S. Sente", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6408e5f29013343f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 11200, "end": 11209, "quote": "Id. at 20", "context": "ion, the Government notes that neither case deals with involuntary manslaughter caused by shooting. Id. at 20.\nThe Government’s attempt to discount the binding effect of Zuniga-Soto and Armijo is unfounded. Fi", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59f286ff813750c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 11391, "end": 11405, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 16", "context": "o is unfounded. First, the ZunigaSoto holding encompasses the crime of violence definition found in 18 U.S.C. § 16, a section that tracks the language of § 924. Zuniga-Soto, 527 F.3d at 1124. In Zuniga-Soto, the Te", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 16", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_16/title18_sec16_43857cf21193/16_crime_of_violence_defined_the_term_crime_of_violence_mean_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "61782f2974bcdc69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 11445, "end": 11451, "quote": "§ 924.", "context": "ses the crime of violence definition found in 18 U.S.C. § 16, a section that tracks the language of § 924. Zuniga-Soto, 527 F.3d at 1124. In Zuniga-Soto, the Tenth Circuit reasons that a mens rea of reckles", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6faecb97fda6bec2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 11465, "end": 11481, "quote": "527 F.3d at 1124", "context": "lence definition found in 18 U.S.C. § 16, a section that tracks the language of § 924. Zuniga-Soto, 527 F.3d at 1124. In Zuniga-Soto, the Tenth Circuit reasons that a mens rea of recklessness does not satisfy the use", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "527 F.3d 1110", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_527/1110_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "26b2474f7d63b28e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 11653, "end": 11656, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ess does not satisfy the use of physical force requirement outlined by the Supreme Court in Leocal. Id. The Tenth Circuit relies heavily on the persuasive reasoning of its sister circuits. Like the Supre", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed3234ec4f588049", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 11883, "end": 11888, "quote": "§ 16.", "context": " of the courts consider the mens rea necessary for an offense to constitute crime of violence under § 16. Id. The Tenth Circuit merely applies the reasoning from these cases to a slightly different definit", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70636ddfe827de19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 11889, "end": 11892, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e courts consider the mens rea necessary for an offense to constitute crime of violence under § 16. Id. The Tenth Circuit merely applies the reasoning from these cases to a slightly different definition ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c3f74df68cf3d8e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12215, "end": 12231, "quote": "651 F.3d at 1234", "context": "hat “only those crimes with a mens rea of intent or purpose qualify as crimes of violence.” Armijo, 651 F.3d at 1234. In Armijo, the Tenth Circuit holds that a Colorado manslaughter conviction is not a crime of viole", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "651 F.3d 1226", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_651/1226_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "947e485bc6362fd4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12362, "end": 12371, "quote": "§ 4131.2.", "context": "holds that a Colorado manslaughter conviction is not a crime of violence under Sentencing Guideline § 4131.2. Id. at 1237. Under § 4131.2, a felony involving “conduct that presents a serious potential risk of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47b875fa1a2e0b1a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12372, "end": 12383, "quote": "Id. at 1237", "context": " a Colorado manslaughter conviction is not a crime of violence under Sentencing Guideline § 4131.2. Id. at 1237. Under § 4131.2, a felony involving “conduct that presents a serious potential risk of physical inj", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8fd046f3f6ebe70a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12391, "end": 12399, "quote": "§ 4131.2", "context": "ghter conviction is not a crime of violence under Sentencing Guideline § 4131.2. Id. at 1237. Under § 4131.2, a felony involving “conduct that presents a serious potential risk of physical injury” is a crime ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65d395570133cb81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12515, "end": 12526, "quote": "§ 924(c)(3)", "context": "ving “conduct that presents a serious potential risk of physical injury” is a crime of violence. Cf § 924(c)(3) (a felony that by its nature involves “a substantial risk that physical force ... may be used” is a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93615d6e268182aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12695, "end": 12703, "quote": "§ 4131.2", "context": "cal force ... may be used” is a crime of violence). According to the Tenth Circuit, the language of § 4131.2 describes “purposeful, violent, and aggressive conduct rather than merely negligent or reckless act", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8f3aa5c348231b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12807, "end": 12818, "quote": "Id. at 1234", "context": "cribes “purposeful, violent, and aggressive conduct rather than merely negligent or reckless acts.” Id. at 1234.\nLogic dictates that the level of intent required under § 924 match or exceed the level of intent u", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa56f1cb3376a9c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12875, "end": 12880, "quote": "§ 924", "context": "ly negligent or reckless acts.” Id. at 1234.\nLogic dictates that the level of intent required under § 924 match or exceed the level of intent under § 4131.2. The risk that “the use of physical force agains", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed465ba10923ad6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 12923, "end": 12932, "quote": "§ 4131.2.", "context": "ic dictates that the level of intent required under § 924 match or exceed the level of intent under § 4131.2. The risk that “the use of physical force against another might be required” in committing the offen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d3c54f41674a45c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13182, "end": 13187, "quote": "§ 924", "context": "onduct presenting the risk of physical injury to another. In other words, a crime of violence under § 924 must be a crime of violence for the purposes of § 4131.2. It is impossible that § 924 describes any", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe908a1b7e3c45f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13236, "end": 13245, "quote": "§ 4131.2.", "context": "er. In other words, a crime of violence under § 924 must be a crime of violence for the purposes of § 4131.2. It is impossible that § 924 describes anything less than the “purposeful, violent, and aggressive c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "164d731490a6f610", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13268, "end": 13273, "quote": "§ 924", "context": "iolence under § 924 must be a crime of violence for the purposes of § 4131.2. It is impossible that § 924 describes anything less than the “purposeful, violent, and aggressive conduct” targeted by § 4131.2", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff6a45db8317c6cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13365, "end": 13374, "quote": "§ 4131.2.", "context": "at § 924 describes anything less than the “purposeful, violent, and aggressive conduct” targeted by § 4131.2.\nSecond, Zuniga-Soto and Armijo preclude a finding that involuntary manslaughter as defined by 18 U.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f50dcaf1ba0022f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13469, "end": 13485, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 1112", "context": "31.2.\nSecond, Zuniga-Soto and Armijo preclude a finding that involuntary manslaughter as defined by 18 U.S.C. § 1112 constitutes a crime of violence even if the offense arises from a shooting. The Government argues t", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 1112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_1112/title18_sec1112_39b349a0aaa7/1112_manslaughter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a468173be0445a60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13651, "end": 13657, "quote": "§ 1112", "context": " shooting. The Government argues that the wanton conduct required to established a conviction under § 1112 is “reckless [conduct] plus” and therefore satisfies the heightened mens rea requirement of Zuniga-", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7428d986a800e97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13880, "end": 13896, "quote": "651 F.3d at 1236", "context": "ga-Soto and Armijo opinions draw a clear line between reckless and intentional conduct. See Armijo, 651 F.3d at 1236 (“[W]e conclude it is simply untenable to read ... § 4131.2 as encompassing those ... crime[s] with", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "651 F.3d 1226", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_651/1226_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f47b40b02e15564f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 13948, "end": 13956, "quote": "§ 4131.2", "context": "ntentional conduct. See Armijo, 651 F.3d at 1236 (“[W]e conclude it is simply untenable to read ... § 4131.2 as encompassing those ... crime[s] with a mens rea of recklessness, when this court has unequivocal", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "358ca27f9c5b15e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 14081, "end": 14089, "quote": "§ 4131.2", "context": ". crime[s] with a mens rea of recklessness, when this court has unequivocally held that the text of § 4131.2 only reaches purposeful or intentional behavior.”). Reckless, but unintentional conduct, like that ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1830b390a46e2701", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 14568, "end": 14583, "quote": "543 U.S. at 7-8", "context": " conduct the Supreme Court excluded from the definition of crime of violence in Leocal. See Leocal, 543 U.S. at 7-8, 125 S.Ct. 377 (a conviction for negligently driving under the influence of alcohol thereby causing", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "543 U.S. 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "70932c5c5c674ed5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 14585, "end": 14598, "quote": "125 S.Ct. 377", "context": "eme Court excluded from the definition of crime of violence in Leocal. See Leocal, 543 U.S. at 7-8, 125 S.Ct. 377 (a conviction for negligently driving under the influence of alcohol thereby causing serious bodily", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "125 S. Ct. 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f61e9cbf237efd7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 15078, "end": 15090, "quote": "410 F.3d 656", "context": "e traditional malice requirements of an intentional or reckless killing.” United States v. Serawop, 410 F.3d 656, 666 n. 7 (10th Cir.2005). The federal definition of involuntary manslaughter accords with the comm", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "410 F.3d 656", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_410/0656_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d898a0fa21b0444c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 15318, "end": 15321, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ntary manslaughter is “the least serious degree of manslaughter” and is an “offense of negligence.” Id.\nFederal case law addressing whether involuntary manslaughter as defined by § 1112 constitutes a cri", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "410 F.3d 656", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_410/0656_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "949de2b810afea38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 15397, "end": 15403, "quote": "§ 1112", "context": "ense of negligence.” Id.\nFederal case law addressing whether involuntary manslaughter as defined by § 1112 constitutes a crime of violence supports this Court’s decision. Prior to Zuñir gar-Soto, the Tenth ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3108ce456405e38e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 15618, "end": 15631, "quote": "413 F.3d 1126", "context": "ed doubt whether federal involuntary manslaughter is a crime of violence. United States v. Bedonie, 413 F.3d 1126 (10th Cir.2005) (“[I]t is not clear whether involuntary manslaughter would even qualify as a crime ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "413 F.3d 1126", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_413/1126_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f19bc5a4fedd2b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 15959, "end": 15977, "quote": "854 F.Supp.2d 1035", "context": "se” the possibility that involuntary manslaughter is a crime of violence. United States v. Harwood, 854 F.Supp.2d 1035, 1057 (D.N.M.2012). Finally, federal appellate courts outside the Tenth Circuit have held that invo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "854 F. Supp. 2d 1035", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_854/1035_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f8e95ab5c475d7bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 16228, "end": 16240, "quote": "413 F.3d 444", "context": "n when the government must establish wanton and reckless conduct. See Bejarano-Urrutia v. Gonzales, 413 F.3d 444, 447, 449 (4th Cir.2005) (holding that a Virginia involuntary manslaughter conviction, which requir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "413 F.3d 444", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_413/0444_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb1d07699576b0bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 16451, "end": 16465, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 16", "context": " wanton acts showing reckless disregard for the rights of others, was not a crime of violence under 18 U.S.C. § 16), United States v. Torres-Villalobos, 487 F.3d 607, 616 (8th Cir.2007) (holding that Leocal is inco", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 16", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_16/title18_sec16_43857cf21193/16_crime_of_violence_defined_the_term_crime_of_violence_mean_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "cccadda78956aaec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 16504, "end": 16516, "quote": "487 F.3d 607", "context": "s of others, was not a crime of violence under 18 U.S.C. § 16), United States v. Torres-Villalobos, 487 F.3d 607, 616 (8th Cir.2007) (holding that Leocal is inconsistent with a prior Eighth Circuit decision categ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "487 F.3d 607", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_487/0607_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "34bebe7ede9b421c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17077, "end": 17083, "quote": "§ 924.", "context": "is irrelevant to the determination of whether involuntary manslaughter is a crime of violence under § 924. United States v. Serafin, 562 F.3d 1105, 1107 (10th Cir.2009). The Court must employ a “categorical", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0f681f3fdd33e63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17110, "end": 17123, "quote": "562 F.3d 1105", "context": "n of whether involuntary manslaughter is a crime of violence under § 924. United States v. Serafin, 562 F.3d 1105, 1107 (10th Cir.2009). The Court must employ a “categorical approach,” considering “only ... the st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "562 F.3d 1105", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_562/1105_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ef5c2e9b83370b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17263, "end": 17266, "quote": "Id.", "context": "mploy a “categorical approach,” considering “only ... the statutory definition of the ... offense.” Id. There is no inquiry into the specific conduct of the particular offender. Id. at 1108.\nTo conclude,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "562 F.3d 1105", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_562/1105_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae854f649e948204", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17341, "end": 17352, "quote": "Id. at 1108", "context": " of the ... offense.” Id. There is no inquiry into the specific conduct of the particular offender. Id. at 1108.\nTo conclude, the federal definition of involuntary manslaughter, with its mens rea of gross neglig", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "562 F.3d 1105", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_562/1105_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "43089f7aa14f340a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17510, "end": 17516, "quote": "§ 924.", "context": "aughter, with its mens rea of gross negligence, fails to satisfy the use of force requirement under § 924.\n3. The Court Committed Plain Error\nAs the above discussion demonstrates, the Court clearly erred wh", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11540a5a9f6bdc5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17805, "end": 17818, "quote": "229 F.3d 1296", "context": "is plain if it is “clear,” “obvious,” and contrary to “well-settled law.” United States v. Whitney, 229 F.3d 1296, 1309 (10th Cir. 2000). In this case, Tenth Circuit precedent forecloses the possibility that invol", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 F.3d 1296", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_229/1296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "64ece313fd23c618", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 17971, "end": 17992, "quote": "854 F.Supp.2d at 1057", "context": "precedent forecloses the possibility that involuntary manslaughter is a crime of violence. Harwood, 854 F.Supp.2d at 1057.\nDefendant is entitled to relief under the plain error standard because the Court’s clear error pre", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "854 F. Supp. 2d 1035", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_854/1035_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f09b39d6865cde2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 18315, "end": 18330, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "ructed the jury that involuntary manslaughter was a crime of violence supporting a conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924. Had Jury Instruction No. 10 contained a correct statement of the law, it would have precluded a co", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f367c33ba4980a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 18325, "end": 18331, "quote": "§ 924.", "context": " jury that involuntary manslaughter was a crime of violence supporting a conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924. Had Jury Instruction No. 10 contained a correct statement of the law, it would have precluded a con", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6a7f13e12f2f7f48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 18582, "end": 18594, "quote": "481 U.S. 200", "context": "r. Because the law invariably assumes that “jurors follow their instructions,” Richardson v. Marsh, 481 U.S. 200, 206, 107 S.Ct. 1702, 95 L.Ed.2d 176 (1987), a finding of prejudice naturally follows.\nSimilarly, t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "481 U.S. 200", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0b238ae6a1e4c36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 18601, "end": 18615, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 1702", "context": "invariably assumes that “jurors follow their instructions,” Richardson v. Marsh, 481 U.S. 200, 206, 107 S.Ct. 1702, 95 L.Ed.2d 176 (1987), a finding of prejudice naturally follows.\nSimilarly, the error “seriously a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1702", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f1f6ee16e4d15da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 18617, "end": 18631, "quote": "95 L.Ed.2d 176", "context": "es that “jurors follow their instructions,” Richardson v. Marsh, 481 U.S. 200, 206, 107 S.Ct. 1702, 95 L.Ed.2d 176 (1987), a finding of prejudice naturally follows.\nSimilarly, the error “seriously affect[ed] the fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 L. Ed. 2d 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "533fc50f21cddae1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 18824, "end": 18837, "quote": "340 F.3d 1181", "context": " the fairness, integrity, or public reputation of judicial proceedings.” United States v. Ruiz-Gea, 340 F.3d 1181, 1185 (10th Cir. 2003). Convicting Mr. Mann of violating 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) when a jury found", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "340 F.3d 1181", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_340/1181_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "732df4cc103bd53c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 18895, "end": 18910, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "” United States v. Ruiz-Gea, 340 F.3d 1181, 1185 (10th Cir. 2003). Convicting Mr. Mann of violating 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) when a jury found that he did not commit a predicate offense sufficient to support a convi", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d31b8782d3ee977b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 18905, "end": 18919, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)(A)", "context": "tates v. Ruiz-Gea, 340 F.3d 1181, 1185 (10th Cir. 2003). Convicting Mr. Mann of violating 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) when a jury found that he did not commit a predicate offense sufficient to support a conviction und", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a6fb87a9ad6c0701", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19022, "end": 19037, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "en a jury found that he did not commit a predicate offense sufficient to support a conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) would unfairly subject Mr. Mann to punishment for a crime he did not commit. It would call", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e638d5d40f54f832", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19032, "end": 19046, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)(A)", "context": "found that he did not commit a predicate offense sufficient to support a conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) would unfairly subject Mr. Mann to punishment for a crime he did not commit. It would call into ser", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "49d5590d7a64dc67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19293, "end": 19308, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "tice system. The Court will grant Mr. Mann relief from the jury verdict convicting him of violating 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) as described in Count 2 of the Indictment.\n4. An Order Vacating the Conviction is the Appr", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "11f38d47af2f9ada", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 19303, "end": 19317, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)(A)", "context": "m. The Court will grant Mr. Mann relief from the jury verdict convicting him of violating 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) as described in Count 2 of the Indictment.\n4. An Order Vacating the Conviction is the Appropriate F", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb1632cc3750b83c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 20035, "end": 20047, "quote": "983 F.2d 168", "context": " government, is “insufficient to sustain a conviction.” Fed.R.Crim.P. 29; United States v. Reicher, 983 F.2d 168, 170 (10th Cir.1992). Each conviction must be assessed separately; an inconsistent jury verdict is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "983 F.2d 168", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_983/0168_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "920f083a788db2b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 20213, "end": 20224, "quote": "469 U.S. 57", "context": "; an inconsistent jury verdict is not grounds for a judgment of acquittal. United States v. Powell, 469 U.S. 57, 67, 105 S.Ct. 471, 83 L.Ed.2d 461 (1984) (Under Rule 29, “review should be independent of the jury", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "469 U.S. 57", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "297841eb6d12dce9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 20230, "end": 20243, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 471", "context": " jury verdict is not grounds for a judgment of acquittal. United States v. Powell, 469 U.S. 57, 67, 105 S.Ct. 471, 83 L.Ed.2d 461 (1984) (Under Rule 29, “review should be independent of the jury’s determination th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 471", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f5add49585d680ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 20245, "end": 20259, "quote": "83 L.Ed.2d 461", "context": "s not grounds for a judgment of acquittal. United States v. Powell, 469 U.S. 57, 67, 105 S.Ct. 471, 83 L.Ed.2d 461 (1984) (Under Rule 29, “review should be independent of the jury’s determination that evidence on a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 L. Ed. 2d 461", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80e928c37d55a664", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 21105, "end": 21117, "quote": "517 U.S. 416", "context": "not circumvent or conflict with the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure. Carlisle v. United States, 517 U.S. 416, 425-26, 116 S.Ct. 1460, 134 L.Ed.2d 613 (1996). The Court will exercise its authority and treat De", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "517 U.S. 416", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_517/0416_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8b29fc7fd1b9b6dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 21127, "end": 21141, "quote": "116 S.Ct. 1460", "context": "lict with the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure. Carlisle v. United States, 517 U.S. 416, 425-26, 116 S.Ct. 1460, 134 L.Ed.2d 613 (1996). The Court will exercise its authority and treat Defendant’s Motion to Arre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 S. Ct. 1460", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_517/0416_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "890964cbd14e0f46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 21143, "end": 21158, "quote": "134 L.Ed.2d 613", "context": "deral Rules of Criminal Procedure. Carlisle v. United States, 517 U.S. 416, 425-26, 116 S.Ct. 1460, 134 L.Ed.2d 613 (1996). The Court will exercise its authority and treat Defendant’s Motion to Arrest as a motion to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 L. Ed. 2d 613", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_517/0416_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f331a41b34f05212", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 21874, "end": 21877, "quote": "Id.", "context": "grounded on any reason other than newly discovered evidence,” including improper jury instructions. Id.\nC. Defendant’s Second Argument (The Jury was Not Instructed on Discharging a Firearm)\n1. Instructin", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 L. Ed. 2d 613", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_517/0416_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "af264c31724e7edc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 22007, "end": 22022, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "t (The Jury was Not Instructed on Discharging a Firearm)\n1. Instructing the Jury on the Elements of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)\nTitle 18 § 924 describes a base offense, “using or carrying” a firearm during a crime of viol", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ee6314706aefc27e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 22017, "end": 22028, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)", "context": "y was Not Instructed on Discharging a Firearm)\n1. Instructing the Jury on the Elements of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)\nTitle 18 § 924 describes a base offense, “using or carrying” a firearm during a crime of violence, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f8efb4c96220b4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 22038, "end": 22043, "quote": "§ 924", "context": "on Discharging a Firearm)\n1. Instructing the Jury on the Elements of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)\nTitle 18 § 924 describes a base offense, “using or carrying” a firearm during a crime of violence, with escalating", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc1e088540de6dc9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 22573, "end": 22586, "quote": "527 F.3d 1065", "context": "not considered an offense element, which must be submitted to the jury. See United States v. Bowen, 527 F.3d 1065, 1073 (10th Cir.2008). Instead, the district court determined at sentencing whether the defendant’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "527 F.3d 1065", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_527/1065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7123585190aa13ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 22791, "end": 22802, "quote": "Id. at 1072", "context": "uct constituted brandishing or discharging a firearm and thus warranted a higher mandatory minimum. Id. at 1072. In June of this year, the Supreme Court found this practice unconstitutional. Alleyne v. United St", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "527 F.3d 1065", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_527/1065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9af8ea62856129ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 22918, "end": 22932, "quote": "133 S.Ct. 2151", "context": "s year, the Supreme Court found this practice unconstitutional. Alleyne v. United States, — U.S. -, 133 S.Ct. 2151, 2155, 186 L.Ed.2d 314 (2013) (overruling Harris v. United States, 536 U.S. 545, 122 5.Ct. 2406, 15", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "133 S. Ct. 2151", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_570/0099_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c14bb9e624255770", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 22940, "end": 22955, "quote": "186 L.Ed.2d 314", "context": "urt found this practice unconstitutional. Alleyne v. United States, — U.S. -, 133 S.Ct. 2151, 2155, 186 L.Ed.2d 314 (2013) (overruling Harris v. United States, 536 U.S. 545, 122 5.Ct. 2406, 153 L.Ed.2d 524 (2002)).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "186 L. Ed. 2d 314", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_570/0099_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f00669f711aa5c9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23000, "end": 23012, "quote": "536 U.S. 545", "context": "States, — U.S. -, 133 S.Ct. 2151, 2155, 186 L.Ed.2d 314 (2013) (overruling Harris v. United States, 536 U.S. 545, 122 5.Ct. 2406, 153 L.Ed.2d 524 (2002)).\nIn Alleyne, the Supreme Court addressed the brandishing a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "536 U.S. 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_536/0545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4e28391e9ff52090", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23030, "end": 23045, "quote": "153 L.Ed.2d 524", "context": "51, 2155, 186 L.Ed.2d 314 (2013) (overruling Harris v. United States, 536 U.S. 545, 122 5.Ct. 2406, 153 L.Ed.2d 524 (2002)).\nIn Alleyne, the Supreme Court addressed the brandishing and discharging provisions of § 92", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "153 L. Ed. 2d 524", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_536/0545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "66193a108fe97176", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23141, "end": 23146, "quote": "§ 924", "context": " 524 (2002)).\nIn Alleyne, the Supreme Court addressed the brandishing and discharging provisions of § 924 and provided a new rule regarding mandatory mínimums. Any fact that increases the mandatory minimum", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "735b7e1e425f8051", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23348, "end": 23351, "quote": "Id.", "context": "s an “element” of the crime that must be submitted to the jury and found beyond a reasonable doubt. Id. Failing to instruct the jury on the element of discharging a firearm violates the Sixth Amendment r", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ceb7313cc677391", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 23876, "end": 23889, "quote": "241 F.3d 1306", "context": "tructions as a whole to determine whether the jury may have been misled.” United States v. Magleby, 241 F.3d 1306, 1310 (10th Cir.2001). The Court will uphold the judgment unless there is “substantial doubt that t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "241 F.3d 1306", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_241/1306_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "56699d75659ad22f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 24017, "end": 24020, "quote": "Id.", "context": "Court will uphold the judgment unless there is “substantial doubt that the jury was fairly guided.” Id.\nHere, the jury verdict form provided a space for the jury to find Defendant guilty or not guilty of", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "241 F.3d 1306", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_241/1306_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "60ac8b2757ec6c5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 24686, "end": 24701, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "fendant used or carried a firearm. Moreover, in its reference to the indictment the Court described 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) as a law criminalizing the use of a firearm during a crime of violence. Jury Instructions,", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe285b33e9c434a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 24696, "end": 24710, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)(A)", "context": "ed or carried a firearm. Moreover, in its reference to the indictment the Court described 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) as a law criminalizing the use of a firearm during a crime of violence. Jury Instructions, Instruct", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "8850eb426f939faf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 24897, "end": 24914, "quote": "Section 924(c)(1)", "context": "ons, Instruction No. 10 (“The defendant is charged in Count 2 of the indictment with a violation of Section 924(c)(1) of Title 18, United States Code. This law makes it a crime to use a firearm during and in relation ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc1413be7e102aed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 25874, "end": 25887, "quote": "679 F.3d 1240", "context": "titled to relief because he suffered no prejudice because of the error. See United States v. Gantt, 679 F.3d 1240, 1246 (10th Cir.2012) (if any part of the plain error analysis is not satisfied, relief is foreclos", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "679 F.3d 1240", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_679/1240_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e19978d26a12dff2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26189, "end": 26204, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "erdict would have differed had the jury been properly instructed that discharging was an element of 18 U.S.C. § 924, because Defendant never contested that he fired shots.\nIn addition, the jury’s decision to convict", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "b7c6d0ca3ab0bc96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26422, "end": 26432, "quote": "519 U.S. 2", "context": "untary manslaughter “effectively embrace[d]” the element of discharging a firearm. See Cal. v. Roy, 519 U.S. 2, 7, 117 S.Ct. 337, 136 L.Ed.2d 266 (1996) (Scalia, J., concurring) (explaining that the omission of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "519 U.S. 2", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_519/0002_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e18c43f2f0f8b1b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26437, "end": 26450, "quote": "117 S.Ct. 337", "context": "hter “effectively embrace[d]” the element of discharging a firearm. See Cal. v. Roy, 519 U.S. 2, 7, 117 S.Ct. 337, 136 L.Ed.2d 266 (1996) (Scalia, J., concurring) (explaining that the omission of an element of the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 337", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_519/0002_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ed3cf2a88415771c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 26452, "end": 26467, "quote": "136 L.Ed.2d 266", "context": "ly embrace[d]” the element of discharging a firearm. See Cal. v. Roy, 519 U.S. 2, 7, 117 S.Ct. 337, 136 L.Ed.2d 266 (1996) (Scalia, J., concurring) (explaining that the omission of an element of the offense is harml", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 L. Ed. 2d 266", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_519/0002_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "65b592c9c1352b50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 27954, "end": 27968, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 16", "context": "oc. No. 132).\n. In Leocal, the Supreme Court discussed the definition of crime of violence found in 18 U.S.C. § 16. Section 924 contains the same definition as § 16.\n. The Government cites United States v. Lujan, 9", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 16", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_16/title18_sec16_43857cf21193/16_crime_of_violence_defined_the_term_crime_of_violence_mean_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "84c9b971748a7777", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 27964, "end": 27969, "quote": "§ 16.", "context": "2).\n. In Leocal, the Supreme Court discussed the definition of crime of violence found in 18 U.S.C. § 16. Section 924 contains the same definition as § 16.\n. The Government cites United States v. Lujan, 9 ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_16/title18_sec16_43857cf21193/16_crime_of_violence_defined_the_term_crime_of_violence_mean_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7e278a3e278dc550", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 27970, "end": 27981, "quote": "Section 924", "context": "In Leocal, the Supreme Court discussed the definition of crime of violence found in 18 U.S.C. § 16. Section 924 contains the same definition as § 16.\n. The Government cites United States v. Lujan, 9 F.3d 890 (10", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd5f683cb1bcbd72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 28014, "end": 28019, "quote": "§ 16.", "context": "efinition of crime of violence found in 18 U.S.C. § 16. Section 924 contains the same definition as § 16.\n. The Government cites United States v. Lujan, 9 F.3d 890 (10th Cir.1993) to support its claim that", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5851b04278e04946", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 28067, "end": 28077, "quote": "9 F.3d 890", "context": "6. Section 924 contains the same definition as § 16.\n. The Government cites United States v. Lujan, 9 F.3d 890 (10th Cir.1993) to support its claim that involuntary manslaughter is a crime of violence. In Lujan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 F.3d 890", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_9/0890_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3bd1c2b2aa8fb905", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 28284, "end": 28299, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": " was decided prior to Leocal, the Tenth Circuit held that manslaughter was a \"violent felony\" under 18 U.S.C. § 924(e). Not only has Leocal cast serious doubt on the continued validity of Lujan, United States v. Bed", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7eae572133eba63d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 28294, "end": 28302, "quote": "§ 924(e)", "context": "ed prior to Leocal, the Tenth Circuit held that manslaughter was a \"violent felony\" under 18 U.S.C. § 924(e). Not only has Leocal cast serious doubt on the continued validity of Lujan, United States v. Bedoni", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "42c83ae025e1740c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 28405, "end": 28418, "quote": "413 F.3d 1126", "context": "ot only has Leocal cast serious doubt on the continued validity of Lujan, United States v. Bedonie, 413 F.3d 1126, 1130 (10th Cir.2005), the Tenth Circuit has not cited or relied on Lujan in its recent decisions i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "413 F.3d 1126", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_413/1126_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "528a93b891352f67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 29207, "end": 29222, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "n, by shooting Mr. Ames Jim, committed a crime of violence sufficient to support a conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1).\n. The Court used the Tenth Circuit Pattern Jury Instructions. Jury Instruction 2.45.\n", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "27fc913865129cde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-2d/volume_982/1251_01/index.html", "start": 29217, "end": 29228, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)", "context": "ting Mr. Ames Jim, committed a crime of violence sufficient to support a conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1).\n. The Court used the Tenth Circuit Pattern Jury Instructions. Jury Instruction 2.45.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e7ca787226f46c6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 1023, "end": 1039, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 3301", "context": " 2003, Mainstay elected to participate in a joint federal-state unemployment insurance program. See 26 U.S.C. § 3301 et seq.; Ramos Decl. ¶ 4. Mainstay became a “reimbursable employer.” Ramos Decl. ¶ 4. As such, the ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3301", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b946341f6f973c23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 1260, "end": 1266, "quote": "§ 803.", "context": "r employees and Mainstay would later reimburse the state for those costs. See Cal. Unempl. Ins.Code § 803.\nIn 2008, a dispute arose as to the amount Mainstay owed in reimbursement. Ramos Decl. ¶7. When the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6feb9babf3dd0bf4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 1488, "end": 1500, "quote": "section 7171", "context": " resolve their dispute, EDD attached liens to the Tribe’s property under California Government Code section 7171 in several counties. Ramos Decl. ¶ 8; see id. Exh. A. EDD also issued subpoenas to Plaintiffs banks", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "494ff41a3a211219", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 1543, "end": 1546, "quote": "id.", "context": "’s property under California Government Code section 7171 in several counties. Ramos Decl. ¶ 8; see id. Exh. A. EDD also issued subpoenas to Plaintiffs banks seeking information about the Tribe’s assets.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4f731cc1a6ef295", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 1668, "end": 1671, "quote": "id.", "context": "ed subpoenas to Plaintiffs banks seeking information about the Tribe’s assets. Rubin Decl. ¶ 4; see id. Exh. C.\nThe Tribe filed suit against officers of EDD (collectively, “Defendants”) seeking to enjoin", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ca39d80ea9ccea6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 2537, "end": 2547, "quote": "555 U.S. 7", "context": "ollow from success on the merits as a matter of course.” Winter v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 32, 129 S.Ct. 365, 172 L.Ed.2d 249 (2008). The party seeking a permanent injunction must show “(1)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "555 U.S. 7", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_555/0007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "94ab18599761413c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 2553, "end": 2566, "quote": "129 S.Ct. 365", "context": "ss on the merits as a matter of course.” Winter v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 32, 129 S.Ct. 365, 172 L.Ed.2d 249 (2008). The party seeking a permanent injunction must show “(1) that it has suffer", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S. Ct. 365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_555/0007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "457d293766837e08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 2568, "end": 2583, "quote": "172 L.Ed.2d 249", "context": "s as a matter of course.” Winter v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 32, 129 S.Ct. 365, 172 L.Ed.2d 249 (2008). The party seeking a permanent injunction must show “(1) that it has suffered an irreparable", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "172 L. Ed. 2d 249", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_555/0007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "be9c2cbf2411fda1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 3033, "end": 3046, "quote": "719 F.3d 1035", "context": " public interest would not be disserved by a permanent injunction.” W. Watersheds Project v. Abbey, 719 F.3d 1035, 1054 (9th Cir.2013) (citations and quotation marks omitted).\nB. Judicial Notice\nDefendants request", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "719 F.3d 1035", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_719/1035_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "239797a14ff640c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 3466, "end": 3479, "quote": "450 F.3d 1022", "context": "akes judicial notice. See Fed.R.Evid. 201; see Santa Monica Food Not Bombs v. City of Santa Monica, 450 F.3d 1022, 1025 n. 2 (9th Cir.2006); Lee v. City of Los Angeles, 250 F.3d 668, 689 (9th Cir.2001).\nC. Analysi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "450 F.3d 1022", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_450/1022_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "49a997c72558cdd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 3535, "end": 3547, "quote": "250 F.3d 668", "context": "Bombs v. City of Santa Monica, 450 F.3d 1022, 1025 n. 2 (9th Cir.2006); Lee v. City of Los Angeles, 250 F.3d 668, 689 (9th Cir.2001).\nC. Analysis\n1. Success on the Merits\na. Sovereign Immunity\ni. Defendants’ Requ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "250 F.3d 668", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_250/0668_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7083b6e211fe1c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 4515, "end": 4527, "quote": "525 F.3d 822", "context": "are essential to oppose summary judgment.” Family Home & Finance Center, Inc. v. Loan Mortg. Corp., 525 F.3d 822, 827 (9th Cir.2008). The party must also demonstrate that it was diligent in pursuing discovery. Se", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "525 F.3d 822", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_525/0822_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38b00b20aa332476", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 4677, "end": 4695, "quote": "252 F.Supp.2d 1005", "context": "ate that it was diligent in pursuing discovery. See In re Imperial Credit Indus., Inc. Sec. Litig., 252 F.Supp.2d 1005, 1016 (C.D.Cal.2003), aff'd sub nom. Mortensen v. Snavely, 145 Fed.Appx. 218 (9th Cir.2005). Failur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "252 F. Supp. 2d 1005", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_252/1005_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "24509173fd36c808", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 4755, "end": 4772, "quote": "145 Fed.Appx. 218", "context": "s., Inc. Sec. Litig., 252 F.Supp.2d 1005, 1016 (C.D.Cal.2003), aff'd sub nom. Mortensen v. Snavely, 145 Fed.Appx. 218 (9th Cir.2005). Failure to comply with any of these requirements is grounds for denial of the reque", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "145 F. App'x 218", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82fd54d3b7bb689a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 4953, "end": 4968, "quote": "525 F.3d at 827", "context": "denial of the request, and the court may proceed to summary judgment. Family Home & Finance Center, 525 F.3d at 827; In re Imperial Credit Indus., Inc. Sec. Litig., 252 F.Supp.2d at 1016 (citations omitted).\nDefenda", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "525 F.3d 822", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_525/0822_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8227a872f4059be2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 5018, "end": 5039, "quote": "252 F.Supp.2d at 1016", "context": "ent. Family Home & Finance Center, 525 F.3d at 827; In re Imperial Credit Indus., Inc. Sec. Litig., 252 F.Supp.2d at 1016 (citations omitted).\nDefendants here have provided a declaration in support of their request, see B", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "252 F. Supp. 2d 1005", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_252/1005_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4783e24073d83f6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 5503, "end": 5519, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 3309", "context": " the Tribe’s voluntary election of reimbursable financing of its unemployment insurance costs under 26 U.S.C. § 3309(d) and California Unemployment Insurance Code § 801 et seq.” The declaration further describes Defe", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3309", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b56fb5d781a2c33", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 5513, "end": 5522, "quote": "§ 3309(d)", "context": "’s voluntary election of reimbursable financing of its unemployment insurance costs under 26 U.S.C. § 3309(d) and California Unemployment Insurance Code § 801 et seq.” The declaration further describes Defenda", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18e20bab67154462", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 5566, "end": 5571, "quote": "§ 801", "context": "s unemployment insurance costs under 26 U.S.C. § 3309(d) and California Unemployment Insurance Code § 801 et seq.” The declaration further describes Defendants’ plan to “demand production of documents rela", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1632068d894b858e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 5980, "end": 5992, "quote": "47 F.3d 1061", "context": "claration is that this purported “fact” is actually a legal conclusion. Sac & Fox Nation v. Hanson, 47 F.3d 1061, 1063 (10th Cir.1995) (referring to “the legal question of when a party can assert sovereign immuni", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 F.3d 1061", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_47/1061_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a2000ccd7fad9f66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 6134, "end": 6147, "quote": "930 F.2d 1013", "context": "legal question of when a party can assert sovereign immunity”); cf. Shapiro v. Republic of Bolivia, 930 F.2d 1013, 1017 (2d Cir.1991) (discussing “the essentially legal question of whether appellees’ actions, as a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "930 F.2d 1013", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_930/1013_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4d0cee375b173cb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 6378, "end": 6390, "quote": "548 F.3d 718", "context": "tion to the general rule of foreign sovereign immunity”); see Cook v. AVI Casino Enterprises, Inc., 548 F.3d 718, 722 (9th Cir.2008). Defendants suggest that waiver is a factual question, but none of their author", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "548 F.3d 718", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_548/0718_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d635a0dc1f72e600", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 6703, "end": 6719, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 3309", "context": "nts’ legal theory of waiver. Indeed, the Court has twice determined as a matter of law that neither 26 U.S.C. § 3309 nor Plaintiffs decision to participate affected the Tribe’s sovereign immunity. See Order Granting ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3309", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9bd5a580a2de33d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 7085, "end": 7098, "quote": "441 F.3d 1090", "context": "“specific facts” that would change this determination. See Tatum v. City & County of San Francisco, 441 F.3d 1090, 1100 (9th Cir.2006) (requiring party requesting Rule 56(d) relief to “identify by affidavit the sp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "441 F.3d 1090", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_441/1090_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8f1e312ac5e89e8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 8459, "end": 8462, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ants identify these assets as “Mainstay’s off-reservation bank accounts and accounts receivable[.]” Id. Plaintiff maintains that immunity does bar these actions, no matter where its assets are located. M", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "441 F.3d 1090", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_441/1090_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "37336eb8fb098b26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 8848, "end": 8860, "quote": "523 U.S. 751", "context": " state laws and the means available to enforce them.” Kiowa Tribe of Oklahoma v. Mfg. Technologies, 523 U.S. 751, 755, 118 S.Ct. 1700, 140 L.Ed.2d 981 (1998). Here, the Tribe does not contest that Defendants had ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "523 U.S. 751", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0751_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "86d3a136bf64bf1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 8867, "end": 8881, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 1700", "context": " means available to enforce them.” Kiowa Tribe of Oklahoma v. Mfg. Technologies, 523 U.S. 751, 755, 118 S.Ct. 1700, 140 L.Ed.2d 981 (1998). Here, the Tribe does not contest that Defendants had authority to demand c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 1700", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0751_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0155eb86be5cf2b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 8883, "end": 8898, "quote": "140 L.Ed.2d 981", "context": " to enforce them.” Kiowa Tribe of Oklahoma v. Mfg. Technologies, 523 U.S. 751, 755, 118 S.Ct. 1700, 140 L.Ed.2d 981 (1998). Here, the Tribe does not contest that Defendants had authority to demand compliance with st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 L. Ed. 2d 981", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0751_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8008428f524d9aeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 9239, "end": 9252, "quote": "section 7171.", "context": "fendants could enforce compliance by initiating collection actions under California Government Code section 7171.\nWhile no controlling case has considered the availability of a section 7171 collection action to pl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a67baff8a1f092f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 9316, "end": 9328, "quote": "section 7171", "context": "fornia Government Code section 7171.\nWhile no controlling case has considered the availability of a section 7171 collection action to place a lien on tribal property, the Court concludes that these actions are ba", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7caedef252a60b57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 9597, "end": 9609, "quote": "517 F.2d 508", "context": " bars similar methods of enforcement. See Namekagon Dev. Co. v. Bois Forte Reservation Hous. Auth., 517 F.2d 508, 510 (8th Cir.1975) (noting tribe’s “general immunity from levy and execution” of payment obligatio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "517 F.2d 508", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_517/0508_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0cda6397b655c204", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 9772, "end": 9784, "quote": "361 F.2d 517", "context": "y and execution” of payment obligations); Maryland Cas. Co. v. Citizens Nat’l Bank of W. Hollywood, 361 F.2d 517, 521 (5th Cir.1966) (“The waiver of the immunity to being sued was expressly qualified, and exclude", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "361 F.2d 517", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_361/0517_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7235390d341f1ebe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 10047, "end": 10061, "quote": "492 F.Supp. 55", "context": "ent upon the property of the [tribe].”); Chemehuevi Indian Tribe v. Cal. State Bd. of Equalization, 492 F.Supp. 55, 60 (N.D.Cal.1979) (holding that sovereign immunity barred enforcement of tax through counterclaim ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "492 F. Supp. 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_492/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d0f7582e733dfab0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 10184, "end": 10197, "quote": "757 F.2d 1047", "context": "lding that sovereign immunity barred enforcement of tax through counterclaim against tribe), aff'd, 757 F.2d 1047 (9th Cir.1985).\nAs to the “off-reservation assets” argument, the Court also agrees with Plaintiff t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "757 F.2d 1047", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_757/1047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6ac348c5e105fb54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 10533, "end": 10545, "quote": "447 U.S. 134", "context": "o the contrary relies entirely on Washington v. Confederated Tribes of Colville Indian Reservation, 447 U.S. 134, 100 S.Ct. 2069, 65 L.Ed.2d 10 (1980). In Confederated Tribes, the state levied a tax on cigarettes", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "447 U.S. 134", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "64570b69c3c1dd61", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 10547, "end": 10561, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 2069", "context": " relies entirely on Washington v. Confederated Tribes of Colville Indian Reservation, 447 U.S. 134, 100 S.Ct. 2069, 65 L.Ed.2d 10 (1980). In Confederated Tribes, the state levied a tax on cigarettes, and seized cig", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2069", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aeed32f3d9022968", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 10563, "end": 10576, "quote": "65 L.Ed.2d 10", "context": " on Washington v. Confederated Tribes of Colville Indian Reservation, 447 U.S. 134, 100 S.Ct. 2069, 65 L.Ed.2d 10 (1980). In Confederated Tribes, the state levied a tax on cigarettes, and seized cigarettes en rout", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 L. Ed. 2d 10", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84a61b70ac8d3c12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 10725, "end": 10735, "quote": "Id. at 140", "context": " a tax on cigarettes, and seized cigarettes en route to the reservation when the tribe did not pay. Id. at 140, 100 S.Ct. 2069. The tribe argued that the seizures were improper because “no state tax [was] due w", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "65 L. Ed. 2d 10", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47d9d7fcf3e7a499", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 10737, "end": 10751, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 2069", "context": "garettes, and seized cigarettes en route to the reservation when the tribe did not pay. Id. at 140, 100 S.Ct. 2069. The tribe argued that the seizures were improper because “no state tax [was] due while the cigaret", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2069", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab902c4e9cb3ff63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 10875, "end": 10885, "quote": "Id. at 161", "context": "the seizures were improper because “no state tax [was] due while the cigarettes [were] in transit.” Id. at 161, 100 S.Ct. 2069. But the Court concluded that the state’s “interest in enforcing its valid tax [was", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb3531d39aed2faf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 10887, "end": 10901, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 2069", "context": " were improper because “no state tax [was] due while the cigarettes [were] in transit.” Id. at 161, 100 S.Ct. 2069. But the Court concluded that the state’s “interest in enforcing its valid tax [was] sufficient to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2069", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3284f98766558e7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 11024, "end": 11027, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ed that the state’s “interest in enforcing its valid tax [was] sufficient to justify” the seizures. Id. The Court found it “significant that these seizures t[ook] place outside the reservation, in locati", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2069", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d15692c3eedeec7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 11204, "end": 11214, "quote": "Id. at 162", "context": " reservation, in locations where state power over Indian affairs is considerably more expansive[.]” Id. at 162, 100 S.Ct. 2069.\nConfederated Tribes does not control the facts of this case. Defendants here did n", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9c378d7054634d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 11216, "end": 11230, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 2069", "context": ", in locations where state power over Indian affairs is considerably more expansive[.]” Id. at 162, 100 S.Ct. 2069.\nConfederated Tribes does not control the facts of this case. Defendants here did not seize lawfull", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2069", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "323b73419bcb7bec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 11621, "end": 11635, "quote": "134 S.Ct. 2024", "context": "vation does not avoid the sovereign immunity bar. See Michigan v. Bay Mills Indian Cmty., — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 2024, 2031, 188 L.Ed.2d 1071 (2014) (“Our precedents ... have not previously drawn the distinctions [bet", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 2024", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0782_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "707b7314be0abc33", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 11643, "end": 11659, "quote": "188 L.Ed.2d 1071", "context": "the sovereign immunity bar. See Michigan v. Bay Mills Indian Cmty., — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 2024, 2031, 188 L.Ed.2d 1071 (2014) (“Our precedents ... have not previously drawn the distinctions [between on-and off-reservat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "188 L. Ed. 2d 1071", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0782_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a3109345056c99c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 12101, "end": 12116, "quote": "523 U.S. at 754", "context": "off-reservation commercial conduct.”) (citations, quotation marks, and alterations omitted); Kiowa, 523 U.S. at 754, 118 S.Ct. 1700 (“To date, our cases have sustained tribal immunity from suit without drawing a dis", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "523 U.S. 751", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0751_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7b1ada1e8c105945", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 12118, "end": 12132, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 1700", "context": "ommercial conduct.”) (citations, quotation marks, and alterations omitted); Kiowa, 523 U.S. at 754, 118 S.Ct. 1700 (“To date, our cases have sustained tribal immunity from suit without drawing a distinction based o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 1700", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0751_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce40f38fec692657", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 12708, "end": 12724, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 3301", "context": " that Congress did not abrogate tribal sovereign immunity through the Federal Unemployment Tax Act, 26 U.S.C. § 3301 et seq. See Order Granting Plaintiffs’ Motion for a Preliminary Injunction at 11; Order Denying Def", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3301", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ab6cab3b56d30bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 13039, "end": 13055, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 3309", "context": "fendants have provided no new argument or new basis for this Court to conclude that the language of 26 U.S.C. § 3309 “clear[ly]” and “unequivocally” abrogates the Tribe’s immunity. See Bay Mills, 134 S.Ct. at 2031.\nA", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3309", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8126ed02ffddf6fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 13135, "end": 13152, "quote": "134 S.Ct. at 2031", "context": " of 26 U.S.C. § 3309 “clear[ly]” and “unequivocally” abrogates the Tribe’s immunity. See Bay Mills, 134 S.Ct. at 2031.\nAs to waiver, Plaintiff has put forth evidence that the Tribe did not waive sovereign immunity by ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 2024", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0782_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4fbe2b9f8af02f19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 14399, "end": 14411, "quote": "212 F.3d 528", "context": "ent [] the absence of evidence” to support other party’s case. Fairbanks v. Wunderman Cato Johnson, 212 F.3d 528, 532 (9th Cir.2000). It is then incumbent upon Defendants to provide affidavits or other sources of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "212 F.3d 528", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_212/0528_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b1a656d7c971ca76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 14622, "end": 14635, "quote": "263 F.3d 1070", "context": "hat “set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.” Devereaux v. Abbey, 263 F.3d 1070, 1076 (9th Cir.2001) (quoting Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e)). Because Defendants have provided no facts suppor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "263 F.3d 1070", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_263/1070_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "285f0ee15912317b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 14822, "end": 14835, "quote": "2014 WL 46609", "context": " facts supporting a theory of waiver, summary judgment is warranted. Cf. Egan v. Cty. of Del Norte, 2014 WL 46609, at *5 (N.D.Cal. Jan. 6, 2014) (“Because Defendants have met their initial burden of informing the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2014 WL 46609", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0092f41598a7d2ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 15445, "end": 15460, "quote": "25 U.S.C. § 176", "context": " Defendants’ evidence to be undisputed.”). Plaintiff has thus established success on the merits.\nb. 25 U.S.C. § 176(e)\nPlaintiff brings this motion under the alternative basis that Defendants’ actions violated 25 U.", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "25 U.S.C. § 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_25/section_176/title25_sec176_bf1c32ea2800/176_survey_of_reservations_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7e93336377edf67c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 15455, "end": 15463, "quote": "§ 176(e)", "context": "s’ evidence to be undisputed.”). Plaintiff has thus established success on the merits.\nb. 25 U.S.C. § 176(e)\nPlaintiff brings this motion under the alternative basis that Defendants’ actions violated 25 U.S.C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_25/section_176/title25_sec176_bf1c32ea2800/176_survey_of_reservations_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f6f0991cd1512ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 15555, "end": 15576, "quote": "25 U.S.C. section 476", "context": "§ 176(e)\nPlaintiff brings this motion under the alternative basis that Defendants’ actions violated 25 U.S.C. section 476(e). Because the Court has determined that Plaintiff succeeds on the merits of the sovereign immunit", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "25 U.S.C. section 476", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "19c0fde7c0adc58c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 15565, "end": 15579, "quote": "section 476(e)", "context": "laintiff brings this motion under the alternative basis that Defendants’ actions violated 25 U.S.C. section 476(e). Because the Court has determined that Plaintiff succeeds on the merits of the sovereign immunity a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6d4d5d53da33ae6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 16181, "end": 16194, "quote": "595 F.2d 1153", "context": " recognize.” People of State of Cal. ex rel. Cal. Dept. of Fish & Game v. Queehan Tribe of Indians, 595 F.2d 1153, 1155 (9th Cir.1979). Recognizing that the Tribe’s sovereign immunity barred Defendants’ collection", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "595 F.2d 1153", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_595/1153_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f663b5e1057b840", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 16412, "end": 16424, "quote": "884 F.2d 416", "context": "t must reject Defendants’ unclean hands defense. See Pan Am. Co. v. Sycuan Band of Mission Indians, 884 F.2d 416, 419 (9th Cir.1989) (“Indian sovereignty, like that of other sovereigns, is not a discretionary pri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "884 F.2d 416", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_884/0416_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7592eb7516aed90b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 17200, "end": 17216, "quote": "595 F.2d at 1155", "context": " immunity do not affect this Court’s duty to recognize that immunity. See Quechan Tribe of Indians, 595 F.2d at 1155; Pan Am., 884 F.2d at 419.\nThe Court also reminds Defendants that this case involves only the issue", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "595 F.2d 1153", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_595/1153_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dee97930a76bcd79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 17227, "end": 17242, "quote": "884 F.2d at 419", "context": "s Court’s duty to recognize that immunity. See Quechan Tribe of Indians, 595 F.2d at 1155; Pan Am., 884 F.2d at 419.\nThe Court also reminds Defendants that this case involves only the issue of whether Defendants vio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "884 F.2d 416", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_884/0416_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb5920f8bfa36751", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 18080, "end": 18092, "quote": "209 U.S. 123", "context": "e unable to obtain damages from Defendants because of the state’s own immunity. See Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123, 167-68, 28 S.Ct. 441, 52 L.Ed. 714 (1908); Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians v. Hardin, 223 F", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "209 U.S. 123", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24fba0a6d3083618", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 18102, "end": 18114, "quote": "28 S.Ct. 441", "context": "ages from Defendants because of the state’s own immunity. See Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123, 167-68, 28 S.Ct. 441, 52 L.Ed. 714 (1908); Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians v. Hardin, 223 F.3d 1041, 1048 & n. 7 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 S. Ct. 441", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34f67da4f972b86a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 18116, "end": 18128, "quote": "52 L.Ed. 714", "context": "ndants because of the state’s own immunity. See Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123, 167-68, 28 S.Ct. 441, 52 L.Ed. 714 (1908); Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians v. Hardin, 223 F.3d 1041, 1048 & n. 7 (9th Cir.2000)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 L. Ed. 714", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f123c8729bdb1420", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 18187, "end": 18200, "quote": "223 F.3d 1041", "context": ". 123, 167-68, 28 S.Ct. 441, 52 L.Ed. 714 (1908); Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians v. Hardin, 223 F.3d 1041, 1048 & n. 7 (9th Cir.2000). And this unavailability of alternate remedies makes the harm from the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "223 F.3d 1041", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_223/1041_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8c8f5bf6d5810cd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 18390, "end": 18402, "quote": "563 F.3d 847", "context": " from the violation of sovereign immunity irreparable. See Cal. Pharmacists Ass’n v. Maxwell-Jolly, 563 F.3d 847, 852 (9th Cir.2009) (“[B]eeause [plaintiffs] will be unable to recover damages against the Departme", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "563 F.3d 847", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_563/0847_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e6aaaf02b4e3bcfe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 18741, "end": 18755, "quote": "132 S.Ct. 1204", "context": ", vacated on other grounds sub nom. Douglas v. Indep. Living Ctr. of S. California, Inc., — U.S. -, 132 S.Ct. 1204, 182 L.Ed.2d 101 (2012).\n4. Public Interest\nAlthough the parties offer little argument on this subj", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 S. Ct. 1204", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_565/0606_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8cb179ddd6bdb053", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 18757, "end": 18772, "quote": "182 L.Ed.2d 101", "context": "er grounds sub nom. Douglas v. Indep. Living Ctr. of S. California, Inc., — U.S. -, 132 S.Ct. 1204, 182 L.Ed.2d 101 (2012).\n4. Public Interest\nAlthough the parties offer little argument on this subject, the Court co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "182 L. Ed. 2d 101", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_565/0606_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aee2a070304aea7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 18995, "end": 19007, "quote": "11 F.3d 1341", "context": " interest would not be dis-served by a permanent injunction. See Keweenaw Bay Indian Cty. v. State, 11 F.3d 1341, 1348-49 (6th Cir.1993) (stating that upholding sovereign immunity “served the fundamental public i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 F.3d 1341", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_11/1341_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6906be9f312d3a68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 19220, "end": 19232, "quote": "788 F.2d 765", "context": "of respecting tribal sovereign immunity”) (citing Wichita & Affiliated Tribes of Oklahoma v. Hodel, 788 F.2d 765, 777 (D.C.Cir.1986)).\nIII. ORDER\nFor the reasons set forth above, the Court DENIES Defendants’ requ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "788 F.2d 765", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_788/0765_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "86cc09d075a91458", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 19973, "end": 19983, "quote": "474 U.S. 9", "context": "se survived the Supreme Court's reversal and the Ninth Circuit’s subsequent decision on remand. See 474 U.S. 9, 106 S.Ct. 289, 88 L.Ed.2d 9 (1985) (per curiam); 800 F.2d 1446 (9th Cir.1986). On appeal, the Nint", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "474 U.S. 9", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c3f5b2dab052ea49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 19985, "end": 19998, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 289", "context": "the Supreme Court's reversal and the Ninth Circuit’s subsequent decision on remand. See 474 U.S. 9, 106 S.Ct. 289, 88 L.Ed.2d 9 (1985) (per curiam); 800 F.2d 1446 (9th Cir.1986). On appeal, the Ninth Circuit affir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 289", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c2e1e8a101482a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 20000, "end": 20012, "quote": "88 L.Ed.2d 9", "context": "rt's reversal and the Ninth Circuit’s subsequent decision on remand. See 474 U.S. 9, 106 S.Ct. 289, 88 L.Ed.2d 9 (1985) (per curiam); 800 F.2d 1446 (9th Cir.1986). On appeal, the Ninth Circuit affirmed the distri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 L. Ed. 2d 9", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a2e54a45dff5424f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 20034, "end": 20047, "quote": "800 F.2d 1446", "context": "t’s subsequent decision on remand. See 474 U.S. 9, 106 S.Ct. 289, 88 L.Ed.2d 9 (1985) (per curiam); 800 F.2d 1446 (9th Cir.1986). On appeal, the Ninth Circuit affirmed the district court's holding that sovereign i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "800 F.2d 1446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_800/1446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e04ab5e08ec4ae05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 20180, "end": 20196, "quote": "757 F.2d at 1052", "context": "inth Circuit affirmed the district court's holding that sovereign immunity barred the counterclaim. 757 F.2d at 1052. The Supreme Court then reversed on other grounds and did not consider the counterclaim issue, so i", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "757 F.2d 1047", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_757/1047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "09ec997568fac0ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_106/1134_01/index.html", "start": 20326, "end": 20338, "quote": "800 F.2d at ", "context": "sed on other grounds and did not consider the counterclaim issue, so it was not at issue on remand. 800 F.2d at 1447 n. 1.\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "800 F.2d 1446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_800/1446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f960b6e83dc26ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 1492, "end": 1501, "quote": "Id. at 26", "context": "fendant also asks the Court to find as a matter of law that Plaintiffs estoppel claim is baseless. (Id. at 26-27).\nFor the reasons set forth below, Plaintiffs motion for summary judgment is granted in part, in", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f44ef0a968d38a4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 13362, "end": 13374, "quote": "550 U.S. 372", "context": "ng party, the court finds that no rational jury could find in favor of that party, Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 380, 127 S.Ct. 1769, 167 L.Ed.2d 686 (2007) (citing Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "550 U.S. 372", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_550/0372_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f5e6cac07734a1a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 13381, "end": 13395, "quote": "127 S.Ct. 1769", "context": " finds that no rational jury could find in favor of that party, Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 380, 127 S.Ct. 1769, 167 L.Ed.2d 686 (2007) (citing Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 58", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 S. Ct. 1769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_550/0372_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6624680a3e48a266", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 13397, "end": 13412, "quote": "167 L.Ed.2d 686", "context": "ational jury could find in favor of that party, Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 380, 127 S.Ct. 1769, 167 L.Ed.2d 686 (2007) (citing Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586-87, 106 S.Ct. 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "167 L. Ed. 2d 686", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_550/0372_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "46af8c5b59967108", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 13479, "end": 13491, "quote": "475 U.S. 574", "context": ", 127 S.Ct. 1769, 167 L.Ed.2d 686 (2007) (citing Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986)). Once the moving party has met its burden, the oppo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e5ba8b0e9c8489e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 13501, "end": 13515, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "L.Ed.2d 686 (2007) (citing Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986)). Once the moving party has met its burden, the opposing party “ ‘must do mo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b53b70e3916dc90d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 13517, "end": 13531, "quote": "89 L.Ed.2d 538", "context": "7) (citing Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986)). Once the moving party has met its burden, the opposing party “ ‘must do more than simply s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 2d 538", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6d958b9943ecabb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 13838, "end": 13850, "quote": "298 F.3d 156", "context": "ard with specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.’ ” Caldarola v. Calabrese, 298 F.3d 156, 160 (2d Cir.2002) (quoting Matsushita Elec., 475 U.S. at 586-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348) (emphasis in orig", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "298 F.3d 156", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_298/0156_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8c10ed173ce21678", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 13897, "end": 13915, "quote": "475 U.S. at 586-87", "context": "ue for trial.’ ” Caldarola v. Calabrese, 298 F.3d 156, 160 (2d Cir.2002) (quoting Matsushita Elec., 475 U.S. at 586-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348) (emphasis in original). “[T]he mere existence of some alleged factual dispute betw", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4c21e70b6144e3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 13917, "end": 13931, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "darola v. Calabrese, 298 F.3d 156, 160 (2d Cir.2002) (quoting Matsushita Elec., 475 U.S. at 586-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348) (emphasis in original). “[T]he mere existence of some alleged factual dispute between the parties ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "168eeb33b2deb86a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 14145, "end": 14157, "quote": "477 U.S. 242", "context": "t an otherwise properly supported motion for summary judgment____” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986) (emphasis in original).\nA federal court sitting in d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73aa25c43afc41e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 14167, "end": 14181, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "y supported motion for summary judgment____” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986) (emphasis in original).\nA federal court sitting in diversity applies state s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe69dbe93c751c58", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 14183, "end": 14197, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": "on for summary judgment____” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986) (emphasis in original).\nA federal court sitting in diversity applies state substantive law. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d540e9706c4a53f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 14341, "end": 14353, "quote": "518 U.S. 415", "context": "urt sitting in diversity applies state substantive law. See Gasperini v. Ctr. for Humanities, Inc., 518 U.S. 415, 427, 116 S.Ct. 2211, 135 L.Ed.2d 659 (1996) (“[F]ederal courts sitting in diversity apply stale su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "518 U.S. 415", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_518/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "62b104ded514cf42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 14360, "end": 14374, "quote": "116 S.Ct. 2211", "context": "rsity applies state substantive law. See Gasperini v. Ctr. for Humanities, Inc., 518 U.S. 415, 427, 116 S.Ct. 2211, 135 L.Ed.2d 659 (1996) (“[F]ederal courts sitting in diversity apply stale substantive law and fed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 S. Ct. 2211", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_518/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "29d95f188bfcf393", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 14376, "end": 14391, "quote": "135 L.Ed.2d 659", "context": "ate substantive law. See Gasperini v. Ctr. for Humanities, Inc., 518 U.S. 415, 427, 116 S.Ct. 2211, 135 L.Ed.2d 659 (1996) (“[F]ederal courts sitting in diversity apply stale substantive law and federal procedural l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "135 L. Ed. 2d 659", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_518/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0b334cc4cd4110aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 14858, "end": 14869, "quote": "720 F.3d 71", "context": "fend, applying very different presumptions to each.” CGS Indus., Inc. v. Charter Oak Fire Ins. Co., 720 F.3d 71, 76-77 (2d Cir.2013) (citations and quotation omitted and alteration in original). As explained by ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "720 F.3d 71", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_720/0071_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb0449c9fda24f86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 15505, "end": 15508, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ithin the exclusions of the policy and that the allegations are subject to no other interpretation.\nId. (citations and quotations omitted and alteration in original). As a result, “an insurer has a duty ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "720 F.3d 71", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_720/0071_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3c6f2b6028dc731c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 15786, "end": 15797, "quote": "302 F.3d 83", "context": "hat the claim may be meritless or not covered.” Burt Rigid Box, Inc. v. Travelers Prop. Cas. Corp., 302 F.3d 83, 97 (2d Cir.2002) (quotation omitted). However, the insurer’s duty to defend ends “if it establishe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "302 F.3d 83", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_302/0083_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "03f49568699811cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 16063, "end": 16066, "quote": "Id.", "context": "sis on which it might eventually be obligated to indemnify its insured under any policy provision.” Id. (quotation omitted).\nDefendant maintains that it can establish as'a matter of law that there is no ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "302 F.3d 83", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_302/0083_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6a82289ec9912ab1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 16614, "end": 16617, "quote": "Id.", "context": "iffs own work or products does not constitute an “occurrence” under weli-eStablished New York law. (Id.-). In addition, Defendant argues that the allegations in the underlying action place the claims aga", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98be6303b2c842f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 16772, "end": 16775, "quote": "Id.", "context": "in the underlying action place the claims against Plaintiff within the exclusions in the Policies. (Id.). By contrast, Plaintiff argues that it can show as a matter of law that the losses involved in the", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dcfabfe15a6dc3b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 17229, "end": 17240, "quote": "472 F.3d 33", "context": "ar language of the contract.” Parks Real Estate Purchasing Grp. v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co., 472 F.3d 33, 42 (2d Cir.2006) (citation and quotation omitted). If. the terms of the insurance contract are una", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "472 F.3d 33", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_472/0033_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4183b5aab1877004", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 17408, "end": 17411, "quote": "id.", "context": "f the insurance contract are unambiguous, the Court will enforce the contract as it is written. See id. If the terms of the insurance contract are ambiguous, the ambiguity is resolved in favor of the ins", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "472 F.3d 33", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_472/0033_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bfe76b95f9d3b7ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 17562, "end": 17574, "quote": "165 F.3d 180", "context": "us, the ambiguity is resolved in favor of the insured. See Goldberger v. Paul Revere Life Ins. Co., 165 F.3d 180, 182 (2d Cir.1999), Whether an ambiguity exists is a “threshold question of law to be determined by", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 F.3d 180", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_165/0180_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6d87611c3f2d3c21", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 17742, "end": 17754, "quote": "411 F.3d 384", "context": "stion of law to be determined by the court.” Duane Reade Inc. v. St. Paul Fire and Marine Ins. Co., 411 F.3d 384, 390 (2d Cir.2005).\nTo resolve the parties’ competing motions for' summary judgment, the Court must", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "411 F.3d 384", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_411/0384_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cc5d3d1146caf53d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 18654, "end": 18665, "quote": "704 F.2d 80", "context": "at the Second Circuit Court of Appeals used in Aetna Casualty and Surety Co. v. General Time Corp., 704 F.2d 80 (2d Cir.1983). Using the construction adopted in Aetna, Plaintiff argues that the damages claimed i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "704 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_704/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dcaebc8bceba0569", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 19062, "end": 19076, "quote": "704 F.2d at 82", "context": "icies at issue here, the policies at issue in Aetna defined the term “occurrence” as an “accident.” 704 F.2d at 82. Construing the term “accident” from the standpoint of the insured and using the law of New York as", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "704 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_704/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e9f6891535face7a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 19309, "end": 19312, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ed that an “accident” is an “unexpected, unfortunate occurrence ... which was not done on purpose.” Id. (citations and internal quotation marks omitted). The court added that the transaction giving rise ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "704 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_704/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2b01241f6fa67181", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 19453, "end": 19456, "quote": "Id.", "context": "omitted). The court added that the transaction giving rise to the loss must be examined as a whole. Id. Applying that definition, the Aetna court affirmed the district court’s holding (following a bench ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "704 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_704/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "39e44c0b068f340d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 19827, "end": 19839, "quote": "Id. at 82-83", "context": " damage to the zone valves in the radiators was an “occurrence” within the meaning of the policies. Id. at 82-83.\nA similarly broad construction of the terms “occurrence” and “accident” led the New York Court of ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "704 F.2d 80", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_704/0080_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d3b4afec360d378c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 20052, "end": 20064, "quote": "37 N.Y.2d 69", "context": "ld that an insurer had a duty to defend in Sturges Manufacturing Co. v. Utica Mutual Insurance Co., 37 N.Y.2d 69, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319 (1975). In that case, a supplier of ski straps was sued for breac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "37 N.Y.2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_37/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1d71c9ec773eaf26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 20066, "end": 20082, "quote": "371 N.Y.S.2d 444", "context": "urer had a duty to defend in Sturges Manufacturing Co. v. Utica Mutual Insurance Co., 37 N.Y.2d 69, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319 (1975). In that case, a supplier of ski straps was sued for breach of warranty and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "371 N.Y.S.2d 444", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6314bb5b9f433ff0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 20084, "end": 20098, "quote": "332 N.E.2d 319", "context": " defend in Sturges Manufacturing Co. v. Utica Mutual Insurance Co., 37 N.Y.2d 69, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319 (1975). In that case, a supplier of ski straps was sued for breach of warranty and negligence by a ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "332 N.E.2d 319", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3fc2f53b9425545e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 20281, "end": 20290, "quote": "Id. at 70", "context": " negligence by a manufacturer, who had bought the straps for use in the production of ski bindings. Id. at 70, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319. Due to allegedly defective stitching, the straps broke under str", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f899f6408b37d422", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 20292, "end": 20308, "quote": "371 N.Y.S.2d 444", "context": " by a manufacturer, who had bought the straps for use in the production of ski bindings. Id. at 70, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319. Due to allegedly defective stitching, the straps broke under stress and caused dam", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "371 N.Y.S.2d 444", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab46236e86ac3db2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 20310, "end": 20324, "quote": "332 N.E.2d 319", "context": ", who had bought the straps for use in the production of ski bindings. Id. at 70, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319. Due to allegedly defective stitching, the straps broke under stress and caused damage to the bindi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "332 N.E.2d 319", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07620ad6a576570e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 20429, "end": 20438, "quote": "Id. at 71", "context": " to allegedly defective stitching, the straps broke under stress and caused damage to the bindings. Id. at 71, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319. Although the insurer claimed that there was no “occurrence,” New", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8c95cbfe9b9c37d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 20440, "end": 20456, "quote": "371 N.Y.S.2d 444", "context": "ly defective stitching, the straps broke under stress and caused damage to the bindings. Id. at 71, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319. Although the insurer claimed that there was no “occurrence,” New York’s highest co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "371 N.Y.S.2d 444", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68b2b83421e089df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 20458, "end": 20472, "quote": "332 N.E.2d 319", "context": "hing, the straps broke under stress and caused damage to the bindings. Id. at 71, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319. Although the insurer claimed that there was no “occurrence,” New York’s highest court disagreed, s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "332 N.E.2d 319", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c0a26a0d42ca438", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 20996, "end": 21005, "quote": "Id. at 72", "context": ", and would encompass the unexpected breakage of the Sturges straps and other harm flowing from it,\nId. at 72, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319 (emphasis added). ■\nRelying upon Sturges and other New York appel", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "650ca9d624a77132", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 21007, "end": 21023, "quote": "371 N.Y.S.2d 444", "context": " encompass the unexpected breakage of the Sturges straps and other harm flowing from it,\nId. at 72, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319 (emphasis added). ■\nRelying upon Sturges and other New York appellate cases; a fede", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "371 N.Y.S.2d 444", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c47a9ae8a049281", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 21025, "end": 21039, "quote": "332 N.E.2d 319", "context": "xpected breakage of the Sturges straps and other harm flowing from it,\nId. at 72, 371 N.Y.S.2d 444, 332 N.E.2d 319 (emphasis added). ■\nRelying upon Sturges and other New York appellate cases; a federal district cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "332 N.E.2d 319", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "677013750c003aba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 21561, "end": 21575, "quote": "1999 WL 760206", "context": " is an ‘occurrence.’” Chubb Ins. Co. of New Jersey v. Hartford Fire Ins. Co., No. 97 CIV. 6935 LAP, 1999 WL 760206, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 27, 1999) (collecting cases), aff'd, 229 F.3d 1135 (2d Cir.2000). '\nThe fact", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1999 WL 760206", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9996aea2f3a5e35c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 21636, "end": 21649, "quote": "229 F.3d 1135", "context": "., No. 97 CIV. 6935 LAP, 1999 WL 760206, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 27, 1999) (collecting cases), aff'd, 229 F.3d 1135 (2d Cir.2000). '\nThe facts in Chubb, where the court found the existence of an “occurrence” and hel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 F.3d 1135", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93bbda69c2c5303c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 21952, "end": 21966, "quote": "1999 WL 760206", "context": " apple juice to beverage manufacturers for incorporation into the beverage manufacturers’ products. 1999 WL 760206, at *1. The beverage manufacturers required the juice to be 100% pure apple juice concentrate.. Id.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1999 WL 760206", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f5b82afc32ac4577", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 22063, "end": 22066, "quote": "Id.", "context": "206, at *1. The beverage manufacturers required the juice to be 100% pure apple juice concentrate.. Id. Unbeknownst to the insured, the juice, which was produced by European manufacturers, contained an a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "1999 WL 760206", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b87cae8735984bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 22189, "end": 22192, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ured, the juice, which was produced by European manufacturers, contained an adulterating sweetener. Id. The beverage manufacturers sued the insured for their-losses, alleging, inter alia, claims for brea", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "1999 WL 760206", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e18ede7357a550e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 22332, "end": 22335, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ured for their-losses, alleging, inter alia, claims for breach of contract and- breach of warranty. Id. In holding that damage to the beverages arose out. of an “occurrence,” the court stated that the in", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "1999 WL 760206", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06b405759e4892c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 22525, "end": 22534, "quote": "Id. at *7", "context": "hat the insurer failed to raise an issue of fact as to the insured’s knowledge of the adulteration. Id. at *7. The court explained that there was no evidence that the insured intended or even knew that the jui", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5fe94a99ad03d6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 22694, "end": 22697, "quote": "Id.", "context": "sured intended or even knew that the juice it -distributed was anything other than 100% pure juice. Id.\nHere, as in Aetna, Sturges, and Chubb, the term “occurrence” is broadly defined in the Policies to ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "505e4349d1181c60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 24136, "end": 24148, "quote": "961 F.2d 387", "context": "distinguished by the Second Circuit, citing Jakobson Shipyard, Inc. v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., 961 F.2d 387 (2d Cir.1992) and J.Z.G. Resources, Inc. v. King, 987 F.2d 98 (2d Cir.1993), and has not been follo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "961 F.2d 387", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_961/0387_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d537593f934b139d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 24199, "end": 24210, "quote": "987 F.2d 98", "context": "Inc. v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., 961 F.2d 387 (2d Cir.1992) and J.Z.G. Resources, Inc. v. King, 987 F.2d 98 (2d Cir.1993), and has not been followed by recent federal district courts, citing Federal Insuranc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "987 F.2d 98", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03ad07b8475943d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 24374, "end": 24389, "quote": "2013 WL 6796162", "context": "rict courts, citing Federal Insurance Co. v. Marlyn Nutraceuticals, Inc., No. 13-CV-0137 (JS)(ARL), 2013 WL 6796162 (E.D;N.Y. Dec. 19, 2013). Instead, Defendant relies on a line of cases from the Appellate Division ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2013 WL 6796162", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "247a8db9026515d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 24852, "end": 24865, "quote": "12 A.D.3d 761", "context": "ct ... is not what the damaged [party] bargained for.” Bonded Concrete, Inc. v. Transcon. Ins. Co., 12 A.D.3d 761, 762, 784 N.Y.S.2d 212 (3d Dep’t 2004) (quotation omitted).\nThe Court cannot agree with-Defendant’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 A.D.3d 761", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_12/0761_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1b843557a132dc33", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 24872, "end": 24888, "quote": "784 N.Y.S.2d 212", "context": "he damaged [party] bargained for.” Bonded Concrete, Inc. v. Transcon. Ins. Co., 12 A.D.3d 761, 762, 784 N.Y.S.2d 212 (3d Dep’t 2004) (quotation omitted).\nThe Court cannot agree with-Defendant’s reading of the case la", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "784 N.Y.S.2d 212", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_12/0761_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68b21ea4c019354c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 25911, "end": 25926, "quote": "961 F.2d at 389", "context": "warranty claims arising out of allegedly defectively-installed steering mechanisms in the tugboats. 961 F.2d at 389. Applying New York law, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals held that there was no “occurrence” bec", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "961 F.2d 387", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_961/0387_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9f42dbfda1792ed5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 26295, "end": 26298, "quote": "Id.", "context": "act. There was no chance occurrence, no unknown or remote cause, and no unexpected external force.” Id. In so holding, the Jakobson court distinguished Aetna. While in Aetna the defective motors were an ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "961 F.2d 387", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_961/0387_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d44f99bfa8e74c3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 26678, "end": 26691, "quote": "Id. at 389-90", "context": "y other than the tugs purchased from [the insured] under the contractual arrangements in question.” Id. at 389-90.\nSimilarly, in J.Z.G. Resources, the court denied coverage because the only damages claimed were to", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "961 F.2d 387", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_961/0387_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b2e72ab87b27c563", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_114/0081_01/index.html", "start": 27138, "end": 27153, "quote": "987 F.2d at 102", "context": " consequential property damage inflicted upon a third party as a result of the insured’s activity.” 987 F.2d at 102.\nLikewise, in Marlyn, ■-\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "987 F.2d 98", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a6f830efe8aeef1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 688, "end": 697, "quote": "§ 1441(a)", "context": "ught this action in New York state court and the defendants properly removed it to this Court under § 1441(a) on the basis of diversity of citizenship and § 1441(d) on the basis that EHC is an instrumentality ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61e6867db587a534", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 743, "end": 752, "quote": "§ 1441(d)", "context": "ants properly removed it to this Court under § 1441(a) on the basis of diversity of citizenship and § 1441(d) on the basis that EHC is an instrumentality of a foreign state. The Complaint alleges thirteen diff", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1626e0343b259d30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 1405, "end": 1422, "quote": "49 U.S.C. § 41713", "context": " defendants argue that the plaintiffs claims are preempted by the Airline Deregulation Act (“ADA”), 49 U.S.C. § 41713(b)(1), and, in any event, are all without merit.\nThe Court has subject matter jurisdiction over thi", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "49 U.S.C. § 41713", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a6f431fdb46d176", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 1415, "end": 1428, "quote": "§ 41713(b)(1)", "context": "s argue that the plaintiffs claims are preempted by the Airline Deregulation Act (“ADA”), 49 U.S.C. § 41713(b)(1), and, in any event, are all without merit.\nThe Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this case", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d40891e14dd25717", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 1541, "end": 1558, "quote": "28 U.S.C. §§ 1330", "context": " event, are all without merit.\nThe Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this case pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1330(a) and 1332. For the reasons that follow, the defendants’ motion for summary judgment is granted.\nI", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. §§ 1330", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14f5df6a70929fee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 1551, "end": 1561, "quote": "§§ 1330(a)", "context": "e all without merit.\nThe Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this case pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1330(a) and 1332. For the reasons that follow, the defendants’ motion for summary judgment is granted.\nI.\nT", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e08918935066732", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 1960, "end": 1972, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": "is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a); see also Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-23, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); Gallo v. Prudential Residential Servs., LP, 22 F.3d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f2f52c615475159", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 1982, "end": 1996, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": "t as a matter of law.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a); see also Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-23, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); Gallo v. Prudential Residential Servs., LP, 22 F.3d 1219, 1223 (2d Cir.1994", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "976d5e5bac0ae581", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 1998, "end": 2012, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": " law.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a); see also Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-23, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); Gallo v. Prudential Residential Servs., LP, 22 F.3d 1219, 1223 (2d Cir.1994). “[T]he trial ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "953458696799e64d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 2065, "end": 2077, "quote": "22 F.3d 1219", "context": ".S. 317, 322-23, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); Gallo v. Prudential Residential Servs., LP, 22 F.3d 1219, 1223 (2d Cir.1994). “[T]he trial court’s task at the summary judgment motion stage of the litigati", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 F.3d 1219", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_22/1219_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a40bbde27a84115c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 2416, "end": 2431, "quote": "22 F.3d at 1224", "context": " short, is confined at this point to issue-finding; it does not extend to issue-resolution.” Gallo, 22 F.3d at 1224. The moving party bears the initial burden of “informing the district court of the basis for its mo", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "22 F.3d 1219", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_22/1219_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "43da0dcd4fea9806", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 2655, "end": 2670, "quote": "477 U.S. at 323", "context": "e matter that “it believes demonstrate^] the absence of a genuine issue of material fact.” Celotex, 477 U.S. at 323, 106 S.Ct. 2548. The substantive law governing the case will identify those facts which are materia", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9a097f16567739f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 2672, "end": 2686, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": " believes demonstrate^] the absence of a genuine issue of material fact.” Celotex, 477 U.S. at 323, 106 S.Ct. 2548. The substantive law governing the case will identify those facts which are material and “[o]nly di", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4c09435006c6175", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 2958, "end": 2970, "quote": "477 U.S. 242", "context": "verning law will properly preclude the entry of summary judgment.” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nIn determining whether Summary judgment is appropriate", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ed067af080f01fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 2977, "end": 2991, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "operly preclude the entry of summary judgment.” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nIn determining whether Summary judgment is appropriate, a court must resolv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3f869382cabc47a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 2993, "end": 3007, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": "the entry of summary judgment.” Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nIn determining whether Summary judgment is appropriate, a court must resolve all ambiguitie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c31a301bfcf7977e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 3225, "end": 3237, "quote": "475 U.S. 574", "context": "sonable inferences against the moving party. See Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986) (citing United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 6", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d3ff0cb88808b18e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 3244, "end": 3258, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "against the moving party. See Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986) (citing United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e3d03cee1d5bf8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 3260, "end": 3274, "quote": "89 L.Ed.2d 538", "context": "ng party. See Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986) (citing United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 2d 538", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4fcfce725a69f0dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 3322, "end": 3334, "quote": "369 U.S. 654", "context": "., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986) (citing United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962)). Summary judgment is improper if there is any evidence in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "369 U.S. 654", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79bb061d8d1a3a22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 3341, "end": 3353, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 993", "context": "7, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986) (citing United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962)). Summary judgment is improper if there is any evidence in the record from an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 993", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "400f2aa31490de0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 3355, "end": 3368, "quote": "8 L.Ed.2d 176", "context": "348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986) (citing United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962)). Summary judgment is improper if there is any evidence in the record from any source from w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 L. Ed. 2d 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0114d667049403ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 3583, "end": 3593, "quote": "43 F.3d 29", "context": "le inference could be drawn in favor of the non-moving party. See Chambers v. TRM Copy Ctrs. Corp., 43 F.3d 29, 37 (2d Cir.1994). If the moving party meets its burden, the non-moving party must produce evidence", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 F.3d 29", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_43/0029_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "faaabf0c1eb72dd2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 3875, "end": 3887, "quote": "996 F.2d 522", "context": " that the affidavits supporting the motion are not credible____” Ying Jing Gan v. City of New York, 996 F.2d 522, 532 (2d Cir.1993); see also Scotto v. Almenas, 143 F.3d 105, 114-15 (2d Cir.1998) (collecting case", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "996 F.2d 522", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_996/0522_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "266fd1da582d6c9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 3936, "end": 3948, "quote": "143 F.3d 105", "context": "__” Ying Jing Gan v. City of New York, 996 F.2d 522, 532 (2d Cir.1993); see also Scotto v. Almenas, 143 F.3d 105, 114-15 (2d Cir.1998) (collecting cases).\nII.\nThe following facts are taken from the record and are", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "143 F.3d 105", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_143/0105_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7854afee8dbb48f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 4380, "end": 4383, "quote": "Id.", "context": "2. The flight between JFK and Cairo is the only flight that EgyptAir operates in the United States. Id. EgyptAir is owned by the defendant EHC. Carlsen Deck Ex. L (El Mahmoudy Deck) ¶ 6. Both EHC and Egy", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "143 F.3d 105", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_143/0105_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c0fdcdd23ccc0de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 4593, "end": 4603, "quote": "Id. ¶¶ 7-8", "context": "corporations organized under Egyptian law, with their principal places of business in Cairo, Egypt. Id. ¶¶ 7-8. EHC is wholly owned by the Arab Republic of Egypt. Id. ¶ 6.\nThe parties dispute the extent of EHC’", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cee986cf1f0325e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 4656, "end": 4663, "quote": "Id. ¶ 6", "context": " places of business in Cairo, Egypt. Id. ¶¶ 7-8. EHC is wholly owned by the Arab Republic of Egypt. Id. ¶ 6.\nThe parties dispute the extent of EHC’s contacts with New York. According to EHC, . it is merely a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ceaa783ac9efd25c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 5101, "end": 5113, "quote": "Id. ¶¶ 10-11", "context": "any employees present in New York, except when EHC employees are temporarily seconded to Egyp-tAir. Id. ¶¶ 10-11, During those times, EgyptAir decides where it will send the EHC employees, controls their duties, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6075c39ab0518b42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 5246, "end": 5254, "quote": "Id. ¶ 11", "context": "cides where it will send the EHC employees, controls their duties, and pays the employees a salary. Id. ¶ 11.\nThe plaintiff contends that EgyptAir and EHC operate ás a single entity. In support of this argume", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e570a257b80498fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 5841, "end": 5844, "quote": "Id.", "context": "k. The plaintiff points to a cooperation agreement entered into by United Airlines and EHC in 2008. Id. Ex. H. In that agreement, EHC is listed as headquartered in Egypt, and the agreement purports .to “", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a670b6ffad0c908", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 6109, "end": 6112, "quote": "Id.", "context": "st effective air transportation services between points in and beyond the United States and Egypt.” Id. The plaintiff also contends that two EHC employees — Ayman El Aydy and Osman Ahmed — had been secon", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34cad75cb7fac1d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 6745, "end": 6756, "quote": "Id. at 8-13", "context": "care services company, an antiques trading and Egyptian rug company, and a food production company. Id. at 8-13. The food company’s main product is olive oil, produced on an olive tree farm in Egypt. Id. at 13.\n", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6adcf6fd748aece1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 6845, "end": 6854, "quote": "Id. at 13", "context": "Id. at 8-13. The food company’s main product is olive oil, produced on an olive tree farm in Egypt. Id. at 13.\nIn March 2011, Abdel-Karim purchased a ticket from EgyptAir for travel from JFK to Cairo. Defs. 56", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "088ace3917111871", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 7115, "end": 7125, "quote": "Id. ¶¶ 3-4", "context": "th the Egyptian government ' and to check on his various businesses, including his olive tree farm. Id. ¶¶ 3-4. Abdel-Karim intended to take several weapon-like items to Egypt for the maintenance and protection", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca7d62aad3827a28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 7708, "end": 7718, "quote": "Id. ¶¶ 5-9", "context": "ding off wild animals; binoculars; and an archery bow with arrows, which was a gift for a relative. Id. ¶¶ 5-9; PI. 56.1 Resp. ¶¶ 5-9; Abdel-Karim ¡Dep. 25-27. The parties refer to these items as the “special i", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "864ee80550700b65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 9313, "end": 9316, "quote": "Id.", "context": "irline would place a “Declaration -Tag” on the container before it is further inspected by the TSA. Id. The memorandum also stated that all sharp parts of.the archery equipment should -be- securely wrapp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b221dab14bcde6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 9420, "end": 9423, "quote": "Id.", "context": " memorandum also stated that all sharp parts of.the archery equipment should -be- securely wrapped. Id.\nEgyptAir’s Conditions of Carriage were incorporated into the contract between Ab-del-Karim and Egyp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "19f641150bdcb29c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 10244, "end": 10247, "quote": "Id.", "context": "h is prohibited by the applicable laws, regulation or orders of any state to be flown from, or to.” Id. Under Article 8.3.2, passengers must present “weapons of any kind” to EgyptAir for inspection. Id. ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "870969735850ef8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 10343, "end": 10346, "quote": "Id.", "context": " Id. Under Article 8.3.2, passengers must present “weapons of any kind” to EgyptAir for inspection. Id. Firearms and ammunition may be accepted as checked baggage for hunting and sporting purposes only. ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b39ee2c791cc629d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 10446, "end": 10454, "quote": "Id. at 8", "context": " Firearms and ammunition may be accepted as checked baggage for hunting and sporting purposes only. Id. at 8.3.3. “Weapons such as antique firearms, swords, knives and similar items may be accepted as Checked", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11d27412bd7dc601", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 10593, "end": 10601, "quote": "Id. at 8", "context": ", swords, knives and similar items may be accepted as Checked Baggage, at [EgyptAir’s] discretion.” Id. at 8.3.4. The Conditions of Carriage also provide that the passenger is “responsible ... for complying w", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4d7c5bcad5de765", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 10845, "end": 10854, "quote": "Id. at 13", "context": "nd travel requirements of countries to be flown from, into or through which” the passenger travels. Id. at 13.1.1.\nC.\nOn March 27, 2011, the plaintiff arrived at JFK and informed EgyptAir’s Assistant Station M", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e3143cdb459c04f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 11328, "end": 11331, "quote": "Id.", "context": "s that he went to El Morsy and asked for such a form, and El Morsy said that he could not find one. Id. According to-El Morsy, however, EgyptAir does not provide passengers with any type of “declaration\"", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6330f903b3f5355a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 12180, "end": 12190, "quote": "Id. at 145", "context": "Ahmed accompanied Abdel-Karim and his luggage to the TSA so that the TSA could inspect the luggage. Id. at 145. The police and TSA inspected the items, and Ab-del-Karim boarded the flight. Abdel-Kar-im Dep. 37-", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e56585f56eb3f38c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 13038, "end": 13048, "quote": "Id. ¶¶ 7-8", "context": "of any type of gun, so that they may transport it to customs officials for inspection upon landing. Id. ¶¶ 7-8.\nApparently, the communications from New York reached the EgyptAir Operations Office instead of the", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a773384d8462abc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 14985, "end": 15004, "quote": "Id. at 44-45, 49-52", "context": "ted an EgyptAir investigation officer to go over to the customs area to find out what was going on. Id. at 44-45, 49-52. Ahmed wrote- a report about the incident based on what he observed' that day, and his conversation", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20417d08f6983840", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 15143, "end": 15160, "quote": "Id. at 45, 48, 55", "context": "ent based on what he observed' that day, and his conversations with his staff and with Abdel-Karim. Id. at 45, 48, 55.\nAhmed originally wrote the report in Arabic, and the defendants offered what they claim is an unof", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb9c68a778a49226", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 15856, "end": 15859, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ammunition in regards to (form of carrying weapons) and the luggage form of suitcases (blue card).” Id. However, in his deposition, Ahmed made clear that these conclusions were only based on what Abdel-K", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87c3d532b8190fae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 16483, "end": 16486, "quote": "Id.", "context": "cedures to accept luggage containing (arms and ammunition) and inform us if they exist onboard ...” Id. The report was forwarded to higher management levels in EgyptAir’s security department. . Id. Ex. T", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbe19652dd7009a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 16577, "end": 16580, "quote": "Id.", "context": " ...” Id. The report was forwarded to higher management levels in EgyptAir’s security department. . Id. Ex. T. Based on the report, the “General Manager of the Airlines Security” concluded that the New Y", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7665a7bc8d113c68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 16861, "end": 16864, "quote": "Id.", "context": "bag similar to any regular bag although they were aware that it contained a weapon and ammunition.” Id. Ex. U.\nD.\nAfter being taken to the airport police station on the day the flight landed, Ab-del-Kari", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "974ee23369f4ac8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 17273, "end": 17285, "quote": "Id. at 70-71", "context": "that night, Egyptian authorities ordered him to remain in Egypt to be tried for his alleged crimes. Id. at 70-71. Abdel-Karim claims that following his .arrest, Egyptian newspapers reported “that an American had ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aea18901507b41ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 18192, "end": 18195, "quote": "Id.", "context": "wards [sic],” were “prohibited according to weapons and ammunitions law No. 394/54 and amendments.” Id. The report concluded that the “Passenger,” Abdel-Karim, “should be sent to the criminal investigati", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "468493751e489e84", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 18417, "end": 18420, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ed special items would remain with customs until Abdel-Karim had received the required permissions. Id.\nOn or about May 19, 2011, an Egyptian court held a trial for the charges against Abdel-Karim. Carls", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "973c6b40aec36a58", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 18751, "end": 18754, "quote": "Id.", "context": "l — to the country, because the prosecutor determined that the other items did not require permits. Id.; Abdel-Karim Dep. 147-49. The court found Abdel-Karim innocent of all charges. Carlsen Decl. Ex. E.", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b403a80bc6e00fc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 19239, "end": 19242, "quote": "Id.", "context": "eapons with the accused person,” and because the arrest “was prior to” the seizure of the “weapon.” Id. Abdel-Karim testified in his deposition that the court found that' he was not required to have a li", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa537720e5806ed2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 20975, "end": 20984, "quote": "Id. at 36", "context": "s at JFK Airport and a customs officer at Cairo Airport that EgyptAir should have given him a form. Id. at 36, ,52-53. The plaintiff. also points to Maged’s report mentioning that “no procedures were taken in ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a04800ba3ed47a39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 22236, "end": 22247, "quote": "Section 7.1", "context": " prohibited under EgyptAir’s own rules. Several rules indicated by Abdel-Karim, such as those under Section 7.1 of the Conditions of Carriage, provide instances where EgyptAir “may refuse” to carry items, and ot", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24cbb7f5000a325d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 23146, "end": 23154, "quote": "Id. at 2", "context": "ll prevail” “in the event of inconsistency” between the Conditions and other EgyptAir regulations.' Id. at 2.5.\nF.\nIn March 2012, the plaintiff brought this action in New York State Supreme Court, New York Co", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9cfd0d67398c6fc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 23773, "end": 23780, "quote": "§ 8-107", "context": "iscrimination on the basis of nationality under New York City Human Rights Law, Administrative Code § 8-107, (10) discrimination on the basis of nationality under New York State Civil Rights Law, § 40-c, and", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9063d713e1e7dddf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 23869, "end": 23875, "quote": "§ 40-c", "context": "ode § 8-107, (10) discrimination on the basis of nationality under New York State Civil Rights Law, § 40-c, and (11) prima facie tort. The twelfth count alleges tortious interference with contractual relati", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0dfde56ce8bc1e00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 24383, "end": 24399, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1603", "context": "ng that because EHC is wholly owned by the Republic of Egypt, it is a “foreign state” as defined in 28 U.S.C. § 1603. Thus, EHC had the right to remove the case to federal court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1441(d). See A", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1603", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca666ddc9827789e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 24393, "end": 24400, "quote": "§ 1603.", "context": "cause EHC is wholly owned by the Republic of Egypt, it is a “foreign state” as defined in 28 U.S.C. § 1603. Thus, EHC had the right to remove the case to federal court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1441(d). See Ab", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34a85f7297f9dc4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 24473, "end": 24489, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1441", "context": "efined in 28 U.S.C. § 1603. Thus, EHC had the right to remove the case to federal court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1441(d). See Abdel-Karim v. EgyptAir Holding Co., No. 12cv5614, 2012 WL 5210082, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 22", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1441", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_89/section_1441/title28_sec1441_79810e7b942d/1441_removal_of_civil_actions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a292bd72f3a7cf3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 24483, "end": 24492, "quote": "§ 1441(d)", "context": "28 U.S.C. § 1603. Thus, EHC had the right to remove the case to federal court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1441(d). See Abdel-Karim v. EgyptAir Holding Co., No. 12cv5614, 2012 WL 5210082, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 22, 2", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_89/section_1441/title28_sec1441_79810e7b942d/1441_removal_of_civil_actions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "49fe79665274176e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 24549, "end": 24564, "quote": "2012 WL 5210082", "context": "deral court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1441(d). See Abdel-Karim v. EgyptAir Holding Co., No. 12cv5614, 2012 WL 5210082, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 22, 2012). Thereafter, the parties conducted discovery, which they completed ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2012 WL 5210082", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ca5f61f10f489c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 25397, "end": 25413, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1603", "context": "rt found that EHC is a “foreign state” as defined in the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (“FSIA”), 28 U.S.C. § 1603, and that the case was therefore properly removed under 28 U.S.C. § 1441(d). Abdel-Karim, 2012 WL 5", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1603", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52f191dfcebdc691", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 25470, "end": 25486, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1441", "context": "n Immunities Act (“FSIA”), 28 U.S.C. § 1603, and that the case was therefore properly removed under 28 U.S.C. § 1441(d). Abdel-Karim, 2012 WL 5210082, at *1. Accordingly, the Court has subject -matter jurisdiction ov", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1441", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_89/section_1441/title28_sec1441_79810e7b942d/1441_removal_of_civil_actions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "63e0e8410b51ac5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 25480, "end": 25489, "quote": "§ 1441(d)", "context": "es Act (“FSIA”), 28 U.S.C. § 1603, and that the case was therefore properly removed under 28 U.S.C. § 1441(d). Abdel-Karim, 2012 WL 5210082, at *1. Accordingly, the Court has subject -matter jurisdiction over ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_89/section_1441/title28_sec1441_79810e7b942d/1441_removal_of_civil_actions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "67dbbcf783c11d94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 25504, "end": 25519, "quote": "2012 WL 5210082", "context": "C. § 1603, and that the case was therefore properly removed under 28 U.S.C. § 1441(d). Abdel-Karim, 2012 WL 5210082, at *1. Accordingly, the Court has subject -matter jurisdiction over the claims against EHC pursuan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2012 WL 5210082", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74495aa962cfd335", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 25624, "end": 25640, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1330", "context": "*1. Accordingly, the Court has subject -matter jurisdiction over the claims against EHC pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1330(b), and must follow the rules specified by that statute and the FSIA for determining whether there ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1330", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "720fe858729dbd42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 25634, "end": 25643, "quote": "§ 1330(b)", "context": "ingly, the Court has subject -matter jurisdiction over the claims against EHC pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1330(b), and must follow the rules specified by that statute and the FSIA for determining whether there is ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e563160e84f210e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 25798, "end": 25814, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1330", "context": "nd the FSIA for determining whether there is personal jurisdiction over EHC, a foreign state.\nUnder 28 U.S.C. § 1330(b), personal jurisdiction over foreign states “shall exist as to every claim for- relief over which", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1330", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "541a2f3766dea73e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 25808, "end": 25817, "quote": "§ 1330(b)", "context": "A for determining whether there is personal jurisdiction over EHC, a foreign state.\nUnder 28 U.S.C. § 1330(b), personal jurisdiction over foreign states “shall exist as to every claim for- relief over which th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "00ff6865a73bd17e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 26008, "end": 26020, "quote": "section 1608", "context": " which the district courts have jurisdiction under subsection (a) where service has been made under section 1608 of this title.” “Therefore, the FSIA ‘makes the-statutory aspect of personal jurisdiction simple: s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e4790f59fdb0dfd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 26318, "end": 26330, "quote": "989 F.2d 572", "context": "Wiking Trader Schiffarhtsgesellschaft MBH & Co., Kommanditgesellschaft v. Navimpex Centrala Navala, 989 F.2d 572, 579 (2d Cir.1993), as amended (May 25, 1993) (quoting Tex. Trading & Milling Corp. v. Fed. Republi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "989 F.2d 572", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_989/0572_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b76197a19cc021da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 26444, "end": 26456, "quote": "647 F.2d 300", "context": "1993), as amended (May 25, 1993) (quoting Tex. Trading & Milling Corp. v. Fed. Republic of Nigeria, 647 F.2d 300, 308 (2d Cir.1981)).\nDistrict.courts have subject matter jurisdiction over each claim against a for", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "647 F.2d 300", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_647/0300_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "894176b9c37155d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 26605, "end": 26615, "quote": "§§ 1605-07", "context": "t matter jurisdiction over each claim against a foreign state for which one of the exceptions under §§ 1605-07 of the FSIA is met. 28 U.S.C. § 1330(a). The plaintiff argues that one of three possible exceptions", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a8ef0c997101990", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 26636, "end": 26652, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1330", "context": " claim against a foreign state for which one of the exceptions under §§ 1605-07 of the FSIA is met. 28 U.S.C. § 1330(a). The plaintiff argues that one of three possible exceptions.are-applicable in this case: 1605(a)", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1330", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3505dd5a65813274", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 26646, "end": 26655, "quote": "§ 1330(a)", "context": "inst a foreign state for which one of the exceptions under §§ 1605-07 of the FSIA is met. 28 U.S.C. § 1330(a). The plaintiff argues that one of three possible exceptions.are-applicable in this case: 1605(a)(1)", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9165feea4d62a339", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 27677, "end": 27689, "quote": "462 U.S. 611", "context": "status” under the FSIA. First Nat. City Bank v. Banco Para El Comercio Exterior de Cuba (“Bancec”), 462 U.S. 611, 627, 103 S.Ct. 2591, 77 L.Ed.2d 46 (1983). The plaintiff has not submitted any evidence that shows", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "462 U.S. 611", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f02708afde11add1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 27696, "end": 27710, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 2591", "context": "SIA. First Nat. City Bank v. Banco Para El Comercio Exterior de Cuba (“Bancec”), 462 U.S. 611, 627, 103 S.Ct. 2591, 77 L.Ed.2d 46 (1983). The plaintiff has not submitted any evidence that shows that Egypt Air and E", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 2591", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a5f05d29a3a5441", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 27712, "end": 27725, "quote": "77 L.Ed.2d 46", "context": "City Bank v. Banco Para El Comercio Exterior de Cuba (“Bancec”), 462 U.S. 611, 627, 103 S.Ct. 2591, 77 L.Ed.2d 46 (1983). The plaintiff has not submitted any evidence that shows that Egypt Air and EHC are the same", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 L. Ed. 2d 46", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b290f0f743c3c495", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 28320, "end": 28335, "quote": "2007 WL 2154181", "context": "ion, that injury “did not occur in the United States.”' Bisson v. The United Nations, No. 06cv6352, 2007 WL 2154181, at *8 (S.D.N.Y. July 27, 2007), report and recommendation adopted sub nom. Bisson v. United Nation", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2007 WL 2154181", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5fb0ef29ec2a526e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 28452, "end": 28466, "quote": "2008 WL 375094", "context": " July 27, 2007), report and recommendation adopted sub nom. Bisson v. United Nations, No. 06cv6352, 2008 WL 375094 (S.D.N.Y. Feb. 11, 2008).\nThe applicability of the commercial activity exception in this case merit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2008 WL 375094", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39848a9b1186d93b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 28598, "end": 28616, "quote": "Section 1605(a)(2)", "context": "pplicability of the commercial activity exception in this case merits a slightly longer discussion. Section 1605(a)(2) allows for jurisdiction over a foreign state:\n[I]n which the action is based upon [1] a commercial ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba0525fe163d8fba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 29224, "end": 29227, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ctivity” as “a regular course of commercial conduct or a particular commercial transaction or act.” Id. § 1603(d).\nThe plaintiff points to the following facts to show EHC’s connection to the United State", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "2008 WL 375094", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a21127513e18184f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 29228, "end": 29237, "quote": "§ 1603(d)", "context": "ity” as “a regular course of commercial conduct or a particular commercial transaction or act.” Id. § 1603(d).\nThe plaintiff points to the following facts to show EHC’s connection to the United States: EHC has", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e7d25bf36ef09f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 29672, "end": 29678, "quote": "§ 1603", "context": "issue. All of these actions are plainly “commercial” as the Supreme Court has interpreted it within § 1603 because EHC is acting “in the manner of a private player within” the market. Republic of Arg. v. We", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aaa2c6bfb25a063b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 29792, "end": 29804, "quote": "504 U.S. 607", "context": "s acting “in the manner of a private player within” the market. Republic of Arg. v. Weltover, Inc., 504 U.S. 607, 614, 112 S.Ct. 2160, 119 L.Ed.2d 394 (1992). However, they suffer from other fatal defects.\nThe pl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "504 U.S. 607", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0607_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a72bd111b17f742d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 29811, "end": 29825, "quote": "112 S.Ct. 2160", "context": "nner of a private player within” the market. Republic of Arg. v. Weltover, Inc., 504 U.S. 607, 614, 112 S.Ct. 2160, 119 L.Ed.2d 394 (1992). However, they suffer from other fatal defects.\nThe plaintiffs cause of act", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 2160", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0607_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a2d189da94471f5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 29827, "end": 29842, "quote": "119 L.Ed.2d 394", "context": "e player within” the market. Republic of Arg. v. Weltover, Inc., 504 U.S. 607, 614, 112 S.Ct. 2160, 119 L.Ed.2d 394 (1992). However, they suffer from other fatal defects.\nThe plaintiffs cause of action is not relate", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 L. Ed. 2d 394", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0607_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "483f514499a992bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 30053, "end": 30065, "quote": "507 U.S. 349", "context": "contract with United Airlines, and thus is plainly not “based upon” it. See Saudi Arabia v. Nelson, 507 U.S. 349, 357, 113 S.Ct. 1471, 123 L.Ed.2d 47 (1993) (“In denoting conduct that forms the ‘basis,’ or ‘found", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "507 U.S. 349", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0349_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d06e62919bdad5ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 30072, "end": 30086, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 1471", "context": "d Airlines, and thus is plainly not “based upon” it. See Saudi Arabia v. Nelson, 507 U.S. 349, 357, 113 S.Ct. 1471, 123 L.Ed.2d 47 (1993) (“In denoting conduct that forms the ‘basis,’ or ‘foundation,’ for a claim, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 1471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0349_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c5f67bac36d99a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 30088, "end": 30102, "quote": "123 L.Ed.2d 47", "context": "thus is plainly not “based upon” it. See Saudi Arabia v. Nelson, 507 U.S. 349, 357, 113 S.Ct. 1471, 123 L.Ed.2d 47 (1993) (“In denoting conduct that forms the ‘basis,’ or ‘foundation,’ for a claim, [‘based upon’] i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 L. Ed. 2d 47", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0349_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4a1cb1aa4710d371", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 30807, "end": 30822, "quote": "2015 WL 3443906", "context": "ing the commercial activity exception. See Arch Trading Corp. v. Republic of Ecuador, No. 13cv4445, 2015 WL 3443906, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. May 28, 2015) (rejecting commercial activity exception claim based on actions of s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2015 WL 3443906", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c724b65a6a6e98b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 30963, "end": 30980, "quote": "592 F.Supp.2d 540", "context": "g commercial activity exception claim based on actions of subsidiaries); Freund v. Republic of Fr., 592 F.Supp.2d 540, 556 (S.D.N.Y.2008) (same), aff d sub nom. Freund v. Societe Nationale des Chemins de fer Francais,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "592 F. Supp. 2d 540", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_592/0540_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1081d3c0db8c3c3c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 31081, "end": 31098, "quote": "391 Fed.Appx. 939", "context": " 556 (S.D.N.Y.2008) (same), aff d sub nom. Freund v. Societe Nationale des Chemins de fer Francais, 391 Fed.Appx. 939 (2d Cir.2010).\nTherefore, the plaintiffs only remaining basis for invoking the commercial activity ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 F. App'x 939", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce5037b9075e84c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 32143, "end": 32158, "quote": "507 U.S. at 357", "context": "” of the plaintiffs claim, and the plaintiffs claim is thus not “based upon” those actions. Nelson, 507 U.S. at 357, 113 S.Ct. 1471.\nBecause none of the FSIA exceptions apply to EHC, EHC retains its immunity under t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "507 U.S. 349", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0349_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "10235ee02edce852", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 32160, "end": 32174, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 1471", "context": "fs claim, and the plaintiffs claim is thus not “based upon” those actions. Nelson, 507 U.S. at 357, 113 S.Ct. 1471.\nBecause none of the FSIA exceptions apply to EHC, EHC retains its immunity under the FSIA. Accordi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 1471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0349_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7029d708a2be2166", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 32616, "end": 32632, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1332", "context": "ptAir. Thus, the Court retains jurisdiction over the plaintiffs claims against EgyptAir pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332.\nIV.\nEgyptAir argues that all of the plaintiffs state law claims are ‘ preempted by the express pre", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1332", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_85/section_1332/title28_sec1332_9ba7ff685cb2/1332_diversity_of_citizenship_amount_in_controversy_costs_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c499ca024e28a538", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 32626, "end": 32633, "quote": "§ 1332.", "context": "s, the Court retains jurisdiction over the plaintiffs claims against EgyptAir pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332.\nIV.\nEgyptAir argues that all of the plaintiffs state law claims are ‘ preempted by the express pree", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_85/section_1332/title28_sec1332_9ba7ff685cb2/1332_diversity_of_citizenship_amount_in_controversy_costs_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "811a961438341f1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 33252, "end": 33264, "quote": "504 U.S. 374", "context": "well as ‘variety [and] quality ... of air transportation.’ ” Morales v. Trans World Airlines, Inc., 504 U.S. 374, 378, 112 S.Ct. 2031, 119 L.Ed.2d 157 (1992). “To ensure that the States would not undo federal der", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "504 U.S. 374", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0374_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a89d46acc5ad51a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 33271, "end": 33285, "quote": "112 S.Ct. 2031", "context": "nd] quality ... of air transportation.’ ” Morales v. Trans World Airlines, Inc., 504 U.S. 374, 378, 112 S.Ct. 2031, 119 L.Ed.2d 157 (1992). “To ensure that the States would not undo federal deregulation with regula", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 2031", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0374_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9624a253a913b4c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 33287, "end": 33302, "quote": "119 L.Ed.2d 157", "context": "of air transportation.’ ” Morales v. Trans World Airlines, Inc., 504 U.S. 374, 378, 112 S.Ct. 2031, 119 L.Ed.2d 157 (1992). “To ensure that the States would not undo federal deregulation with regulation of their own", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 L. Ed. 2d 157", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0374_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "acc25e0a982aca91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 33455, "end": 33458, "quote": "Id.", "context": "deral deregulation with regulation of their own,” the ADA included an express preemption provision. Id. That-provision reads, in relevant part: “[A] State ... may not enact or enforce a law, regulation, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "119 L. Ed. 2d 157", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0374_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c226df4f0df95102", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 33673, "end": 33690, "quote": "49 U.S.C. § 41713", "context": "ion having the force and effect of law related to a price, route, or service of an air carrier....” 49 U.S.C. § 41713(b)(1).\nA.\nIn Northwest, Inc. v. Ginsberg, — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 1422, 188 L.Ed.2d 538 (2014), the Sup", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "49 U.S.C. § 41713", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe0df782e44f1d50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 33683, "end": 33696, "quote": "§ 41713(b)(1)", "context": " the force and effect of law related to a price, route, or service of an air carrier....” 49 U.S.C. § 41713(b)(1).\nA.\nIn Northwest, Inc. v. Ginsberg, — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 1422, 188 L.Ed.2d 538 (2014), the Supreme C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29c0c9681399cd7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 33743, "end": 33757, "quote": "134 S.Ct. 1422", "context": "ervice of an air carrier....” 49 U.S.C. § 41713(b)(1).\nA.\nIn Northwest, Inc. v. Ginsberg, — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 1422, 188 L.Ed.2d 538 (2014), the Supreme Court held that the ADA preemption provision applies to state ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1422", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "896525433e268fff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 33759, "end": 33774, "quote": "188 L.Ed.2d 538", "context": " carrier....” 49 U.S.C. § 41713(b)(1).\nA.\nIn Northwest, Inc. v. Ginsberg, — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 1422, 188 L.Ed.2d 538 (2014), the Supreme Court held that the ADA preemption provision applies to state common law claims", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "188 L. Ed. 2d 538", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "593fb495388b152d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 33914, "end": 33931, "quote": "Id. at 1429, 1433", "context": " ADA preemption provision applies to state common law claims, but does not preempt all such claims. Id. at 1429, 1433. The Court affirmed its holding in an earlier case, American Airlines, Inc. v. Wolens, 513 U.S. 219", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba89a2a2322e6f55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 34019, "end": 34031, "quote": "513 U.S. 219", "context": "t 1429, 1433. The Court affirmed its holding in an earlier case, American Airlines, Inc. v. Wolens, 513 U.S. 219, 115 S.Ct. 817, 130 L.Ed.2d 715 (1995), in which the Court held that the ADA did not preempt a, bre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "513 U.S. 219", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_513/0219_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f74fd9ed897c17e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 34033, "end": 34046, "quote": "115 S.Ct. 817", "context": "The Court affirmed its holding in an earlier case, American Airlines, Inc. v. Wolens, 513 U.S. 219, 115 S.Ct. 817, 130 L.Ed.2d 715 (1995), in which the Court held that the ADA did not preempt a, breach of contract", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 S. Ct. 817", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_513/0219_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cbc7844a9bbd6df2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 34048, "end": 34063, "quote": "130 L.Ed.2d 715", "context": "med its holding in an earlier case, American Airlines, Inc. v. Wolens, 513 U.S. 219, 115 S.Ct. 817, 130 L.Ed.2d 715 (1995), in which the Court held that the ADA did not preempt a, breach of contract action against a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "130 L. Ed. 2d 715", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_513/0219_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1f0848f2c8f51216", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 34294, "end": 34307, "quote": "Id. at 228-29", "context": " based on the parties’ “privately ordered obligations” within the airline’s frequent flyer program. Id. at 228-29, 115 S.Ct. 817; Ginsberg, 134 S.Ct. at 1426. In Ginsberg, however, the Court held that the ADA pree", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e15f790e566cc672", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 34309, "end": 34322, "quote": "115 S.Ct. 817", "context": "arties’ “privately ordered obligations” within the airline’s frequent flyer program. Id. at 228-29, 115 S.Ct. 817; Ginsberg, 134 S.Ct. at 1426. In Ginsberg, however, the Court held that the ADA preempted a state l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 S. Ct. 817", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_513/0219_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9f0cfabb64c4c33e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 34334, "end": 34351, "quote": "134 S.Ct. at 1426", "context": "d obligations” within the airline’s frequent flyer program. Id. at 228-29, 115 S.Ct. 817; Ginsberg, 134 S.Ct. at 1426. In Ginsberg, however, the Court held that the ADA preempted a state law claim for breach of the im", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1422", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6227ce4fe9e655b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 34603, "end": 34620, "quote": "134 S.Ct. at 1426", "context": "e the claim sought to “enlarge the contractual obligations that the parties voluntarily adoptfed].” 134 S.Ct. at 1426. The common law claim in Ginsberg, which also arose from a frequent flyer program, went beyond the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1422", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eed394a595ce0d6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 34839, "end": 34850, "quote": "Id. at 1431", "context": " undertakings of the parties and thus represented a “state-imposed obligation” under Minnesota law. Id. at 1431. The Court noted that although.the breach of the implied covenant claim could not stand, .the plain", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1422", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "03ef11bfd129ec1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 35116, "end": 35127, "quote": "Id. at 1433", "context": " pursued his breach-of-contract claim” on appeal after it had been dismissed by the district court. Id. at 1433.\nUnder Ginsberg and Wolens, it is clear that breach of contract actions based on the “privately ord", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1422", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "315351000d423ffd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 35304, "end": 35317, "quote": "134 S.Ct. at ", "context": "d on the “privately ordered obligations” of the parties remain-enforceable under the ADA. Ginsberg, 134 S.Ct. at 1429 (quoting Wolens, 613 U.S. at 228-29, 115 S.Ct. 817). The plaintiffs .claim in Count One of the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1422", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8ec6577f3bdb70af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 35339, "end": 35357, "quote": "613 U.S. at 228-29", "context": "ions” of the parties remain-enforceable under the ADA. Ginsberg, 134 S.Ct. at 1429 (quoting Wolens, 613 U.S. at 228-29, 115 S.Ct. 817). The plaintiffs .claim in Count One of the Complaint appears to incorporate both a ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "633248b482374cf2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 35359, "end": 35372, "quote": "115 S.Ct. 817", "context": " remain-enforceable under the ADA. Ginsberg, 134 S.Ct. at 1429 (quoting Wolens, 613 U.S. at 228-29, 115 S.Ct. 817). The plaintiffs .claim in Count One of the Complaint appears to incorporate both a claim for breac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 S. Ct. 817", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_513/0219_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "48ef12ee3be68002", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 35858, "end": 35870, "quote": "356 F.3d 393", "context": "York law may only be based on the intentions of the parties. See Register.com, Inc. v. Verio, Inc., 356 F.3d 393, 427 (2d Cir.2004) (“Under New York law, mutual assent is essential to the formation of a contract.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "356 F.3d 393", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_356/0393_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a341931a2677db8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 36129, "end": 36144, "quote": "2004 WL 2222149", "context": "d to the parties’ bargain, it is not preempted by the ADA. See Levy v. Delta Airlines, No. 02cv477, 2004 WL 2222149, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 30, 2004).\nB.\nFor all other common law claims that may impact airline servic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2004 WL 2222149", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6195d4d489f88732", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 36391, "end": 36406, "quote": "867 F.Supp. 214", "context": "he three-part test articulated in Justice Sotomayor’s decision in Rombom v. United Air Lines, Inc., 867 F.Supp. 214, 221-22 (S.D.N.Y.1994). See, e.g., Reed v. Delta Airlines, Inc., No. 10cv1053, 2011 WL 1085338, at ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "867 F. Supp. 214", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_867/0214_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "860b843551af3f8d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 36486, "end": 36501, "quote": "2011 WL 1085338", "context": "nc., 867 F.Supp. 214, 221-22 (S.D.N.Y.1994). See, e.g., Reed v. Delta Airlines, Inc., No. 10cv1053, 2011 WL 1085338, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 23, 2011); Farash v. Cont’l Airlines, Inc., 574 F.Supp.2d 356, 363 (S.D.N.Y.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2011 WL 1085338", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "425c11b13ec0d8da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 36568, "end": 36585, "quote": "574 F.Supp.2d 356", "context": "c., No. 10cv1053, 2011 WL 1085338, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 23, 2011); Farash v. Cont’l Airlines, Inc., 574 F.Supp.2d 356, 363 (S.D.N.Y.2008), aff'd, 337 Fed.Appx. 7 (2d Cir.2009). Under the Rombom test, courts determine ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "574 F. Supp. 2d 356", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_574/0356_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c386ecc1872fc8a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 36614, "end": 36629, "quote": "337 Fed.Appx. 7", "context": "N.Y. Mar. 23, 2011); Farash v. Cont’l Airlines, Inc., 574 F.Supp.2d 356, 363 (S.D.N.Y.2008), aff'd, 337 Fed.Appx. 7 (2d Cir.2009). Under the Rombom test, courts determine (1) whethér the activity is a service; (2) “", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "337 F. App'x 7", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca05ba2f494fc4cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 36980, "end": 36995, "quote": "2014 WL 2738529", "context": "easonably necessary to the provision of the service.” Lozada v. Delta Airlines, Inc., No. 13cv7388, 2014 WL 2738529, at *3-4 (S.D.N.Y. June 17,2014).\nUnder the first prong of the Rombom test, “the determination of s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2014 WL 2738529", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "212500abb039b284", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 37249, "end": 37266, "quote": "471 F.Supp.2d 356", "context": "ty in question is ordinary and relates directly to air travel.” Weiss v. El A. Isr. Airlines, Ltd., 471 F.Supp.2d 356, 361 (S.D.N.Y.2006). Although the Second Circuit Court of Appeals has not defined the term “service", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "471 F. Supp. 2d 356", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_471/0356_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "53c3408c6657fd5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 37753, "end": 37765, "quote": "520 F.3d 218", "context": "nd distinct from the actual transportation of passengers.” Air Transp. Ass’n of Am., Inc. v. Cuomo, 520 F.3d 218, 223 (2d Cir.2008) (holding that “requiring airlines to provide food, water, electricity, and restr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "520 F.3d 218", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_520/0218_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d93ebe29a545bace", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 38020, "end": 38033, "quote": "342 F.3d 1248", "context": "s to a “service” within the ADA preemption provision); see, e.g., Branche v. Airtran Airways, Inc., 342 F.3d 1248, 1256-57 (11th Cir.2003); Hodges v. Delta Airlines, Inc., 44 F.3d 334, 336 (5th Cir.1995). All of t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "342 F.3d 1248", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_342/1248_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f91b0d570242a8ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 38092, "end": 38103, "quote": "44 F.3d 334", "context": "e v. Airtran Airways, Inc., 342 F.3d 1248, 1256-57 (11th Cir.2003); Hodges v. Delta Airlines, Inc., 44 F.3d 334, 336 (5th Cir.1995). All of the plaintiffs claims relate to EgyptAir’s actions and procedures for h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 F.3d 334", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_44/0334_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b8a89c4e09e87a75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 38578, "end": 38593, "quote": "2009 WL 3260499", "context": "customary practice for airlines to check that luggage.” Bary v. Delta Airlines, Inc., No. 02cv5202, 2009 WL 3260499, at *11 (E.D.N.Y. Oct. 9, 2009), aff’d, 553 Fed.Appx. 51 (2d Cir.2014).\nAs to the second prong, the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2009 WL 3260499", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a30830977afbb697", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 38634, "end": 38650, "quote": "553 Fed.Appx. 51", "context": "Bary v. Delta Airlines, Inc., No. 02cv5202, 2009 WL 3260499, at *11 (E.D.N.Y. Oct. 9, 2009), aff’d, 553 Fed.Appx. 51 (2d Cir.2014).\nAs to the second prong, the plaintiffs claims are aimed directly at the defendants’ ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "553 F. App'x 51", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b5b8c3689ae22f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 39108, "end": 39123, "quote": "504 U.S. at 388", "context": "it is not often that a passenger’ inquires’ about bringing weapon-like items on board! See Morales, 504 U.S. at 388, 112 S.Ct. 2031 (holding that state advertising restrictions were preempted because they had a “for", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "504 U.S. 374", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0374_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "50b5412466d525da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 39125, "end": 39139, "quote": "112 S.Ct. 2031", "context": "hat a passenger’ inquires’ about bringing weapon-like items on board! See Morales, 504 U.S. at 388, 112 S.Ct. 2031 (holding that state advertising restrictions were preempted because they had a “forbidden significa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 2031", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0374_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6bcb82b10d23ee77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 39799, "end": 39810, "quote": "731 F.3d 85", "context": "effect of- the claims would not be “tenuous, remote or peripheral.” Bower v. Egyptair Airlines Co., 731 F.3d 85, 96 (1st Cir.2013), cert. denied sub nom. Bower v. EgyptAir Airlines, — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 1788, 188", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "731 F.3d 85", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_731/0085_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6985765b245ec536", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 39891, "end": 39905, "quote": "134 S.Ct. 1788", "context": "es Co., 731 F.3d 85, 96 (1st Cir.2013), cert. denied sub nom. Bower v. EgyptAir Airlines, — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 1788, 188 L.Ed.2d 758 (2014). As the Court of Appeals for the First Circuit explained, “the ADA preempts", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1788", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22cca43236356f58", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 39907, "end": 39922, "quote": "188 L.Ed.2d 758", "context": " 85, 96 (1st Cir.2013), cert. denied sub nom. Bower v. EgyptAir Airlines, — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 1788, 188 L.Ed.2d 758 (2014). As the Court of Appeals for the First Circuit explained, “the ADA preempts laws regulating ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "188 L. Ed. 2d 758", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2fdaaefe01180941", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 40079, "end": 40082, "quote": "Id.", "context": "plained, “the ADA preempts laws regulating the operations of airlines whether at high cost or low.” Id.\nFinally, the third prong of the Romborn test inquires whether the airline’s actions were “ ‘reasona", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "188 L. Ed. 2d 758", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e243d569794ad6fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 40283, "end": 40298, "quote": "2014 WL 2738529", "context": "ly necessary’ to the provision of the service” , and were not “outrageous or unreasonable.” Lozada, 2014 WL 2738529, at *4 (quoting Rombom, 867 F.Supp. at 222-23). In cases in which plaintiffs have demonstrated inte", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2014 WL 2738529", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "473398e3acfcecb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 40323, "end": 40344, "quote": "867 F.Supp. at 222-23", "context": "rvice” , and were not “outrageous or unreasonable.” Lozada, 2014 WL 2738529, at *4 (quoting Rombom, 867 F.Supp. at 222-23). In cases in which plaintiffs have demonstrated intentional malicious or unreasonable conduct, the", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "867 F. Supp. 214", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_867/0214_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "63f845925922023e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 40981, "end": 40999, "quote": "867 F.Supp. at 224", "context": "wful purpose,” and there was a disputed issue of fact as to whether the airline ordered the arrest. 867 F.Supp. at 224; see also Pittman v. Grayson, 869 F.Supp. 1065, 1074 (S.D.N.Y.1994) (holding that intentional torts", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "867 F. Supp. 214", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_867/0214_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2e0549dda8eccecc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 41030, "end": 41046, "quote": "869 F.Supp. 1065", "context": "fact as to whether the airline ordered the arrest. 867 F.Supp. at 224; see also Pittman v. Grayson, 869 F.Supp. 1065, 1074 (S.D.N.Y.1994) (holding that intentional torts were not preempted because “the ADA is not int", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "869 F. Supp. 1065", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_869/1065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d4983cf05a50a42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 41536, "end": 41556, "quote": "471 F.Supp.2d at 362", "context": "ring” manner, courts have found that those claims are still related to the airline services. Weiss, 471 F.Supp.2d at 362; see also Farash, 574 F.Supp.2d at 366; Khan ex rel. Hague v. Am. Airlines, Inc., No. 08cv5246, 200", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "471 F. Supp. 2d 356", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_471/0356_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bfbae001292d3dcd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 41575, "end": 41595, "quote": "574 F.Supp.2d at 366", "context": "ose claims are still related to the airline services. Weiss, 471 F.Supp.2d at 362; see also Farash, 574 F.Supp.2d at 366; Khan ex rel. Hague v. Am. Airlines, Inc., No. 08cv5246, 2008 WL 5110852, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Nov. 26, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "574 F. Supp. 2d 356", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_574/0356_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "333e225e434e11e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 41653, "end": 41668, "quote": "2008 WL 5110852", "context": "362; see also Farash, 574 F.Supp.2d at 366; Khan ex rel. Hague v. Am. Airlines, Inc., No. 08cv5246, 2008 WL 5110852, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Nov. 26, 2008). The record in this case indicates that the plaintiffs claims fall ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2008 WL 5110852", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b0e705100990b03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 42067, "end": 42082, "quote": "2011 WL 1085338", "context": "trated that the defendants did anything but follow their own baggage handling procedures. See Reed, 2011 WL 1085338, at *4.\nAll of the plaintiffs common law claims, except for his breach of contract claim, are preem", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2011 WL 1085338", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2166e610164994fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 43161, "end": 43172, "quote": "631 F.3d 42", "context": " plaintiff caused by that defendant’s breach.” Diesel Props S.r.l. v. Greystone Bus. Credit II LLC, 631 F.3d 42, 52 (2d Cir.2011). The parties agree that the plaintiff entered into a contract with EgyptAir by pu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "631 F.3d 42", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_631/0042_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b13a4b736026754d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 43588, "end": 43600, "quote": "Section 7.1.", "context": " EgyptAir breached several provisions of the Conditions of Carriage. First, the plaintiff points to Section 7.1. But this section only provides that EgyptAir has a “right to refuse” certain items. It does not cre", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b947cd8d517cbcaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 43781, "end": 43792, "quote": "Section 8.3", "context": "ms. It does not create a duty to refuse those items. The plaintiff also points to provisions within Section 8.3, which is titled “Items Unacceptable as Baggage.” The plaintiff argues that EgyptAir breached these", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d094393856dd299", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 44400, "end": 44408, "quote": "Id. at 8", "context": "d ammunition other than for hunting and sporting purposes are prohibited from carriage as Baggage.” Id. at 8.3.3. But a following subsection provides: “If, despite being prohibited, any items referred to in [", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "459c3418672b5d47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 44622, "end": 44630, "quote": "Id. at 8", "context": "n] are included in your Baggage, we shall not be responsible for any loss or damage to such items.” Id. at 8.3.6. As an initial matter, it is unclear whether the plaintiffs sound revolvers are “firearms” and ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7bca1e62f79969b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 45087, "end": 45099, "quote": "603 F.3d 169", "context": "ers not to .bring any prohibited items in their baggage. See Cont’l Ins. Co. v. Atl. Cas. Ins. Co., 603 F.3d 169, 180 (2d Cir.2010) (“Whether the contract is unambiguous is a question 'of law for the court.”). Th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "603 F.3d 169", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_603/0169_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0ea25aaaaddc61e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 45726, "end": 45738, "quote": "94 N.Y.2d 87", "context": "etween the plaintiff and Egyp-tAir. The manuals are “heavily informational,” Maas v. Cornell Univ., 94 N.Y.2d 87, 699 N.Y.S.2d 716, 721 N.E.2d 966, 970 (1999); see, e.g., Bierman Deck Ex. F (“Dangerous Goods” man", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 N.Y.2d 87", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_94/0087_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f33c4e53f2ef75e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 45740, "end": 45756, "quote": "699 N.Y.S.2d 716", "context": "intiff and Egyp-tAir. The manuals are “heavily informational,” Maas v. Cornell Univ., 94 N.Y.2d 87, 699 N.Y.S.2d 716, 721 N.E.2d 966, 970 (1999); see, e.g., Bierman Deck Ex. F (“Dangerous Goods” manual); and “do[] no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "699 N.Y.S.2d 716", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_94/0087_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ead204e597eda0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 45758, "end": 45772, "quote": "721 N.E.2d 966", "context": "ir. The manuals are “heavily informational,” Maas v. Cornell Univ., 94 N.Y.2d 87, 699 N.Y.S.2d 716, 721 N.E.2d 966, 970 (1999); see, e.g., Bierman Deck Ex. F (“Dangerous Goods” manual); and “do[] not express or sup", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "721 N.E.2d 966", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_94/0087_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "90d0155b739aab72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 45950, "end": 45966, "quote": "699 N.Y.S.2d 716", "context": "o[] not express or support the implication of any promise” made by EgyptAir to the plaintiff. Maas, 699 N.Y.S.2d 716, 721 N.E.2d at 970 (rejecting university employee’s breach of contract claim based on the universit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "699 N.Y.S.2d 716", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_94/0087_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "009963516243c0b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 45968, "end": 45985, "quote": "721 N.E.2d at 970", "context": " support the implication of any promise” made by EgyptAir to the plaintiff. Maas, 699 N.Y.S.2d 716, 721 N.E.2d at 970 (rejecting university employee’s breach of contract claim based on the university’s failure to foll", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "721 N.E.2d 966", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_94/0087_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f8fa85a2694f9b17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 47004, "end": 47016, "quote": "280 F.3d 209", "context": "ty;- and (3) injury substantially caused by that breach.” Lombard v. Booz — Alien & Hamilton, Inc., 280 F.3d 209, 215 (2d Cir.2002) (citing Merino v. N.Y.C. Transit Auth., 218 A.D.2d 451, 639 N.Y.S.2d 784, 787 (1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "280 F.3d 209", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_280/0209_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa32d85ad9815cad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 47076, "end": 47090, "quote": "218 A.D.2d 451", "context": "z — Alien & Hamilton, Inc., 280 F.3d 209, 215 (2d Cir.2002) (citing Merino v. N.Y.C. Transit Auth., 218 A.D.2d 451, 639 N.Y.S.2d 784, 787 (1996)). The plaintiff claims that EgyptAir had a .duty to protect the plain", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "218 A.D.2d 451", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_218/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "924680fa5c37bb43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 47092, "end": 47108, "quote": "639 N.Y.S.2d 784", "context": "lton, Inc., 280 F.3d 209, 215 (2d Cir.2002) (citing Merino v. N.Y.C. Transit Auth., 218 A.D.2d 451, 639 N.Y.S.2d 784, 787 (1996)). The plaintiff claims that EgyptAir had a .duty to protect the plaintiff from foreseea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "639 N.Y.S.2d 784", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_218/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bf2e9dd81631e2ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 47679, "end": 47689, "quote": "153 F.3d 5", "context": "erally owes its passengers a duty of reasonable care under the circumstances.” Curley v. AMR Corp., 153 F.3d 5, 13 (2d Cir.1998). “This duty requires the common carrier to exercise care ‘which a reasonably prud", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "153 F.3d 5", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dff0ec51eb8e7da6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 47970, "end": 47973, "quote": "Id.", "context": " with the dangers and risks known to the carrier or which it should reasonably have anticipated.’ ” Id. (quoting Lesser v. Manhattan & Bronx Surface Transit Operating Auth., 157 A.D.2d 352, 556 N.Y.S.2d ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "153 F.3d 5", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5157f74631015e94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 48044, "end": 48058, "quote": "157 A.D.2d 352", "context": "ably have anticipated.’ ” Id. (quoting Lesser v. Manhattan & Bronx Surface Transit Operating Auth., 157 A.D.2d 352, 556 N.Y.S.2d 274, 276 (1991)). For example, airlines have a duty to maintain the safety of the are", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "157 A.D.2d 352", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_157/0352_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8d3044265b277275", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 48060, "end": 48076, "quote": "556 N.Y.S.2d 274", "context": "pated.’ ” Id. (quoting Lesser v. Manhattan & Bronx Surface Transit Operating Auth., 157 A.D.2d 352, 556 N.Y.S.2d 274, 276 (1991)). For example, airlines have a duty to maintain the safety of the areas within their co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "556 N.Y.S.2d 274", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "320704a70e9550ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 48268, "end": 48279, "quote": "52 F.3d 463", "context": "their control, such as baggage retrieval and taxi loading areas. See Stagl v. Delta Airlines, Inc., 52 F.3d 463, 467 (2d Cir.1995); Forrester v. Port Auth. of N.Y. & N.J., 139 A.D.2d 449, 527 N.Y.S.2d 224, 226 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 F.3d 463", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_52/0463_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2bd672795cbb700d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 48340, "end": 48354, "quote": "139 A.D.2d 449", "context": "gl v. Delta Airlines, Inc., 52 F.3d 463, 467 (2d Cir.1995); Forrester v. Port Auth. of N.Y. & N.J., 139 A.D.2d 449, 527 N.Y.S.2d 224, 226 (1988).\nThe plaintiff has cited no law or case'to support the proposition th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 A.D.2d 449", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_139/0449_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "a509dcc0945fb4f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 48356, "end": 48372, "quote": "527 N.Y.S.2d 224", "context": "ines, Inc., 52 F.3d 463, 467 (2d Cir.1995); Forrester v. Port Auth. of N.Y. & N.J., 139 A.D.2d 449, 527 N.Y.S.2d 224, 226 (1988).\nThe plaintiff has cited no law or case'to support the proposition that EgyptAir “owes ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "527 N.Y.S.2d 224", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e733d0a1ba77d2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 48626, "end": 48641, "quote": "2009 WL 4639393", "context": "igration laws of the countries to which it flies.” Edem v. Ethiopian Airlines Enter., No. 08cv2597, 2009 WL 4639393, at *7 (E.D.N.Y. Sept. 30, 2009) (rejecting negligence claim against airline based on the plaintiff", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2009 WL 4639393", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f78d33ae27ef36b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 48781, "end": 48797, "quote": "501 Fed.Appx. 99", "context": "ting negligence claim against airline based on the plaintiffs detention in foreign country), aff'd, 501 Fed.Appx. 99 (2d Cir.2012). Indeed, EgyptAir’s Conditions of Carriage specifically advise- the passenger that th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "501 F. App'x 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24ac17655f35a8b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 49360, "end": 49377, "quote": "863 F.Supp.2d 190", "context": "ause and to take the necessary procedures. The plaintiff relies on Hunter v. Deutsche Lufthansa AG, 863 F.Supp.2d 190 (E.D.N.Y.2012), a case with facts that are surprisingly similar to the unusual facts at hand, but d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "863 F. Supp. 2d 190", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_863/0190_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f45f485a590e918a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 49727, "end": 49737, "quote": "Id. at 197", "context": "hey told him it would be “no problem,” and that he was consequently arrested and detained in Dubai. Id. at 197. The district court held that the plaintiff stated a claim for negligence because he alleged that o", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "863 F. Supp. 2d 190", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_863/0190_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3036b3fc229a5617", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 49999, "end": 50009, "quote": "Id. at 209", "context": " him, and that another representative “did nothing to suggest the baggage would pose any problems.” Id. at 209.\nThere is no admissible evidence upon which a rational jury could conclude that EgyptAir acted unre", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "863 F. Supp. 2d 190", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_863/0190_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8a1f77209ad0d2e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 50265, "end": 50277, "quote": "359 F.3d 627", "context": "Normally, in New York, breach is determined by the jury.” Di Benedetto v. Pan Am World Serv., Inc., 359 F.3d 627, 630 (2d Cir.2004). “But, of course, ‘only in those cases where there arises a real question as to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "359 F.3d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_359/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "410fcf1f8eb4243f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 50444, "end": 50447, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ere arises a real question as to a defendant’s negligence should the jury be permitted to proceed.” Id. (quoting Basso v. Miller, 40 N.Y.2d 233, 386 N.Y.S.2d 564, 352 N.E.2d 868 (1976) (brackets omitted)", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "359 F.3d 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_359/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67420b7a936975f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 50474, "end": 50487, "quote": "40 N.Y.2d 233", "context": "to a defendant’s negligence should the jury be permitted to proceed.” Id. (quoting Basso v. Miller, 40 N.Y.2d 233, 386 N.Y.S.2d 564, 352 N.E.2d 868 (1976) (brackets omitted)). “No such ‘real question’ has been rai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 N.Y.2d 233", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_40/0233_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a633506c7c721a08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 50489, "end": 50505, "quote": "386 N.Y.S.2d 564", "context": "s negligence should the jury be permitted to proceed.” Id. (quoting Basso v. Miller, 40 N.Y.2d 233, 386 N.Y.S.2d 564, 352 N.E.2d 868 (1976) (brackets omitted)). “No such ‘real question’ has been raised here.” Id.\nUnl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "386 N.Y.S.2d 564", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "203fc8561124e9cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 50507, "end": 50521, "quote": "352 N.E.2d 868", "context": "d the jury be permitted to proceed.” Id. (quoting Basso v. Miller, 40 N.Y.2d 233, 386 N.Y.S.2d 564, 352 N.E.2d 868 (1976) (brackets omitted)). “No such ‘real question’ has been raised here.” Id.\nUnlike in Hunter, w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "352 N.E.2d 868", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06c7bc89a7eb94e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 50598, "end": 50601, "quote": "Id.", "context": ".2d 564, 352 N.E.2d 868 (1976) (brackets omitted)). “No such ‘real question’ has been raised here.” Id.\nUnlike in Hunter, which was at the motion to dismiss stage, there is no evidence here that EgyptAir", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "352 N.E.2d 868", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cf09af58a64f6337", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 53015, "end": 53027, "quote": "769 F.2d 919", "context": "e evidence will be available at trial.” Burlington Coat Factory Warehouse Corp. v. Esprit De Corp., 769 F.2d 919, 924 (2d Cir.1985) (internal citations omitted). Thus, even assuming such a form existed, there is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "769 F.2d 919", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_769/0919_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2e31a13743f476cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 54440, "end": 54460, "quote": "574 F.Supp.2d at 368", "context": " jury could find EgyptAir liable to the plaintiff for a failure to train its employees. See Farash, 574 F.Supp.2d at 368 (dismissing the plaintiffs claim that the defendant failed to reasonably hire, supervise, and train", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "574 F. Supp. 2d 356", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_574/0356_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f3f8d77a68ff244", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 55015, "end": 55026, "quote": "83 F.3d 549", "context": "regard for the rights of others or ‘smacks’ of intentional wrongdoing.” AT & T v. City of New York, 83 F.3d 549, 556 (2d Cir.1996); see also Farash, 574 F.Supp.2d at 368 (dismissing gross negligence claim becaus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 F.3d 549", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_83/0549_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f75a8966609bed46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 55064, "end": 55084, "quote": "574 F.Supp.2d at 368", "context": "tentional wrongdoing.” AT & T v. City of New York, 83 F.3d 549, 556 (2d Cir.1996); see also Farash, 574 F.Supp.2d at 368 (dismissing gross negligence claim because plaintiff failed to state claim for negligence).\nAccordi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "574 F. Supp. 2d 356", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_574/0356_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "17a586e8a47f0f70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 55661, "end": 55673, "quote": "660 F.3d 131", "context": "wing breach of that duty; and (iii) damages resulting therefrom.” Johnson v. Nextel Commc’ns, Inc., 660 F.3d 131, 138 (2d Cir.2011). “A fiduciary relationship arises between two persons when one of them is under ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "660 F.3d 131", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_660/0131_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f8f529d855359422", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 56079, "end": 56092, "quote": "12 N.Y.3d 553", "context": " resulting supériority and influence on the other.” Eurycleia Partners, LP v. Seward & Kissel, LLP, 12 N.Y.3d 553, 883 N.Y.S.2d 147, 910 N.E.2d 976, 980 (2009) (internal citation omitted). The plaintiff conceded h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 N.Y.3d 553", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_12/0553_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a3d467c64c0e86e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 56094, "end": 56110, "quote": "883 N.Y.S.2d 147", "context": "riority and influence on the other.” Eurycleia Partners, LP v. Seward & Kissel, LLP, 12 N.Y.3d 553, 883 N.Y.S.2d 147, 910 N.E.2d 976, 980 (2009) (internal citation omitted). The plaintiff conceded he was aware of no ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "883 N.Y.S.2d 147", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_12/0553_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "20ccb9cba5915691", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 56112, "end": 56126, "quote": "910 N.E.2d 976", "context": "nce on the other.” Eurycleia Partners, LP v. Seward & Kissel, LLP, 12 N.Y.3d 553, 883 N.Y.S.2d 147, 910 N.E.2d 976, 980 (2009) (internal citation omitted). The plaintiff conceded he was aware of no case where an ai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "910 N.E.2d 976", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_12/0553_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3de9c7927cc57856", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 56414, "end": 56426, "quote": "711 F.3d 271", "context": "relationships are generally not fiduciary relationships. See, e.g., Johnson v. Priceline.com, Inc., 711 F.3d 271, 279 (2d Cir.2013); Hoffend & Sons, Inc. v. Rose & Kiernan, Inc., 19 A.D.3d 1056, 796 N.Y.S.2d 790,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "711 F.3d 271", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_711/0271_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b70591a53bd83854", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 56493, "end": 56507, "quote": "19 A.D.3d 1056", "context": "Priceline.com, Inc., 711 F.3d 271, 279 (2d Cir.2013); Hoffend & Sons, Inc. v. Rose & Kiernan, Inc., 19 A.D.3d 1056, 796 N.Y.S.2d 790, 791 (2005), aff'd, 7 N.Y.3d 152, 818 N.Y.S.2d 798, 851 N.E.2d 1149 (2006).\nIn ar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 A.D.3d 1056", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_19/1056_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c287735583bbede", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 56509, "end": 56525, "quote": "796 N.Y.S.2d 790", "context": "nc., 711 F.3d 271, 279 (2d Cir.2013); Hoffend & Sons, Inc. v. Rose & Kiernan, Inc., 19 A.D.3d 1056, 796 N.Y.S.2d 790, 791 (2005), aff'd, 7 N.Y.3d 152, 818 N.Y.S.2d 798, 851 N.E.2d 1149 (2006).\nIn arguing that EgyptAi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "796 N.Y.S.2d 790", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_19/1056_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "63064a5a77727c4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 56546, "end": 56558, "quote": "7 N.Y.3d 152", "context": " Hoffend & Sons, Inc. v. Rose & Kiernan, Inc., 19 A.D.3d 1056, 796 N.Y.S.2d 790, 791 (2005), aff'd, 7 N.Y.3d 152, 818 N.Y.S.2d 798, 851 N.E.2d 1149 (2006).\nIn arguing that EgyptAir was in a fiduciary relationship", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 N.Y.3d 152", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_7/0152_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4607b73c94e3baf8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 56560, "end": 56576, "quote": "818 N.Y.S.2d 798", "context": "s, Inc. v. Rose & Kiernan, Inc., 19 A.D.3d 1056, 796 N.Y.S.2d 790, 791 (2005), aff'd, 7 N.Y.3d 152, 818 N.Y.S.2d 798, 851 N.E.2d 1149 (2006).\nIn arguing that EgyptAir was in a fiduciary relationship with and owed a d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "818 N.Y.S.2d 798", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_7/0152_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e45b8b2af125687", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 56578, "end": 56593, "quote": "851 N.E.2d 1149", "context": "Kiernan, Inc., 19 A.D.3d 1056, 796 N.Y.S.2d 790, 791 (2005), aff'd, 7 N.Y.3d 152, 818 N.Y.S.2d 798, 851 N.E.2d 1149 (2006).\nIn arguing that EgyptAir was in a fiduciary relationship with and owed a duty to the plaint", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "851 N.E.2d 1149", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny3d/volume_7/0152_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "817ac5a217d9ff02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 57675, "end": 57685, "quote": "227 F.3d 8", "context": "ff reasonably relied on it to his or her detriment.” Hydro Investors, Inc. v. Trafalgar Power Inc., 227 F.3d 8, 20 (2d Cir.2000); see also Mazzola v. Roomster Corp., 849 F.Supp.2d 395, 404 (S.D.N.Y.2012). The p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "227 F.3d 8", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_227/0008_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c2476fce0cd22572", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 57741, "end": 57758, "quote": "849 F.Supp.2d 395", "context": "rs, Inc. v. Trafalgar Power Inc., 227 F.3d 8, 20 (2d Cir.2000); see also Mazzola v. Roomster Corp., 849 F.Supp.2d 395, 404 (S.D.N.Y.2012). The plaintiff has failed to show that he had a “special relationship” with Egy", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "849 F. Supp. 2d 395", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_849/0395_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "058e66656a48abfa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 58619, "end": 58630, "quote": "78 F.3d 787", "context": "between the conduct and the injury, and (4) severe emotional distress.” Bender v. City of New York, 78 F.3d 787, 790 (2d Cir.1996) (citing Howell v. N.Y. Post Co., 81 N.Y.2d 115, 596 N.Y.S.2d 350, 612 N.E.2d 699", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 F.3d 787", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_78/0787_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bded5815ca34cc1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 58683, "end": 58696, "quote": "81 N.Y.2d 115", "context": "tress.” Bender v. City of New York, 78 F.3d 787, 790 (2d Cir.1996) (citing Howell v. N.Y. Post Co., 81 N.Y.2d 115, 596 N.Y.S.2d 350, 612 N.E.2d 699, 702 (1993)). Typically, in order to sustain an IIED claim, condu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 N.Y.2d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_81/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a0bfbc378ddc501f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 58698, "end": 58714, "quote": "596 N.Y.S.2d 350", "context": "v. City of New York, 78 F.3d 787, 790 (2d Cir.1996) (citing Howell v. N.Y. Post Co., 81 N.Y.2d 115, 596 N.Y.S.2d 350, 612 N.E.2d 699, 702 (1993)). Typically, in order to sustain an IIED claim, conduct must be “so out", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "596 N.Y.S.2d 350", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "510780e080f6a492", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 58716, "end": 58730, "quote": "612 N.E.2d 699", "context": "k, 78 F.3d 787, 790 (2d Cir.1996) (citing Howell v. N.Y. Post Co., 81 N.Y.2d 115, 596 N.Y.S.2d 350, 612 N.E.2d 699, 702 (1993)). Typically, in order to sustain an IIED claim, conduct must be “so outrageous in chara", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "612 N.E.2d 699", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27a7f95f8ed08bdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 59015, "end": 59028, "quote": "43 N.Y.2d 553", "context": "o be regarded as atrocious, and utterly intolerable in a civilized community.” Fischer v. Ma-loney, 43 N.Y.2d 553, 402 N.Y.S.2d 991, 373 N.E.2d 1215, 1217 (1978). As the Court noted in the context of its ADA preem", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 N.Y.2d 553", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_43/0553_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ac6a1c6260274884", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 59030, "end": 59046, "quote": "402 N.Y.S.2d 991", "context": "s atrocious, and utterly intolerable in a civilized community.” Fischer v. Ma-loney, 43 N.Y.2d 553, 402 N.Y.S.2d 991, 373 N.E.2d 1215, 1217 (1978). As the Court noted in the context of its ADA preemption discussion i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "402 N.Y.S.2d 991", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "855284cd72d5cc78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 59048, "end": 59063, "quote": "373 N.E.2d 1215", "context": "tterly intolerable in a civilized community.” Fischer v. Ma-loney, 43 N.Y.2d 553, 402 N.Y.S.2d 991, 373 N.E.2d 1215, 1217 (1978). As the Court noted in the context of its ADA preemption discussion in this opinion, t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "373 N.E.2d 1215", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34a204ff7c2588c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 59534, "end": 59548, "quote": "131 A.D.3d 243", "context": "of action to recover damages for negligent infliction of emotional distress.” Taggart v. Costabile, 131 A.D.3d 243, 14 N.Y.S.3d 388, 398 (2015). There are different types of NIED claims; the plaintiff in this case ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "131 A.D.3d 243", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_131/0243_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "53a9324a9b6b203a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 59550, "end": 59565, "quote": "14 N.Y.S.3d 388", "context": "over damages for negligent infliction of emotional distress.” Taggart v. Costabile, 131 A.D.3d 243, 14 N.Y.S.3d 388, 398 (2015). There are different types of NIED claims; the plaintiff in this case seeks recovery ba", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 N.Y.S.3d 388", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_131/0243_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d3b4a8a3427f578a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_116/0389_01/index.html", "start": 59856, "end": 59866, "quote": "Id. at 395", "context": " duty resulting directly in emotional harm is compensable even though no physical injury occurred.” Id. at 395. In addition to the breach of duty, the plaintiff must show that ,he sustained “mental injury” as a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "14 N.Y.S.3d 388", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad3d/volume_131/0243_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a6ee99204c03321a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 3310, "end": 3313, "quote": "Id.", "context": "cility would create more than 4,500 new jobs and have an economic impact of $728 million per year. (Id.) USCIS approved Pacific Proton’s application on June 28, 2012. (Dkt. 200-1 ¶ 14; Regenstreif Decl. ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7310216fe907cb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 5469, "end": 5479, "quote": "id. at 468", "context": "curred in connection with this Offering shall [not] be paid ... from EB-5 Capital Contributions.”); id. at 468 (Beverly Proton “will use the [Capital Contributions] to partially finance the construction and ope", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c634470691aa7659", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 5873, "end": 5883, "quote": "id. at 456", "context": "ges an administrative fee ... for payment of expenses incurred in connection with this Offering.”); id. at 456 (Administrative Fee to “pay for Offering Expenses, including legal, accounting and administration e", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2435c5620c1135c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 7250, "end": 7258, "quote": "§ 2.1(a)", "context": "0,000 immediately as a “document preparation fee,” and $650,000 annually. (Regenstreif Decl. Ex. 28 § 2.1(a),(c)-(e); see. Liu Questioning at 89-91.) UDG received $3,815,000 and successfully solicited ten inv", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe0c3017eb13cfdd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 7668, "end": 7671, "quote": "Id.", "context": "t $75,000 per successful investor. (See Regenstreif Decl. Ex. 27; Liu Questioning 136-37, 139-41.) (Id.) Delsk received $1,387,500 and recruited thirty seven successful investors. (Dkt. 200-1 ¶¶ 106, 108", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c83368be1d743b86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 8163, "end": 8166, "quote": "id.", "context": " $350,000 and $200,000, respectively. (See Regenstreif Decl. Ex. 15 (Pacific Proton-Liu agreement); id. Ex. 14 (PPEB5 Fund-Liu agreement).)\nOn January 19, 20Í6, Liu removed Dr. Thropay as Chief Executive", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94c93ba9f0ea5744", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 8541, "end": 8544, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ton with only himself in attendance at which' he nominated himself and Wang as the sole'directors. (Id. Ex.'8.) A few days later, on January 28, 2016, Wang sighed a five-year employment agreement with Li", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "51d2ac60043d2208", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 8760, "end": 8763, "quote": "Id.", "context": "verly Proton), entitling her to compensation of $250,000 annually retroactively from January 2011. (Id. Ex. 9 at 495.) According to Liu, she had recruited investors since 2011. (Liu Questioning at 28-29;", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c98993639cf65eca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 9166, "end": 9169, "quote": "id.", "context": " signed a five-year employment agreement with Beverly Proton. (See Regenstreif Decl. Ex. 13 at 519; id. Ex. 18 (subpoena).) His annual salary was $550,000 retroactively ■ from January 2011. (See Regenstr", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff00a7655ac13290", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 9815, "end": 9818, "quote": "Id.", "context": " $50,000 from October 1, 2014, to December 31, 2014; $354,000 in 2015; and $996,000 in March 2016. (Id. ¶ 21; see also Dkt. 200-1 ¶ 117; Dkt. 212 ¶ 117.)\nWang and Liu were also deeply connected to UDG, w", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbc15986ac9429bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 10253, "end": 10256, "quote": "id.", "context": "os as UDG’s president; Liu referred to UDG as “my wife’s company.” (See Dkt. 59-1 Ex. 10 at 62, 64; id. Ex. 8 at 55.)\nBy all appearances, Wang’s mother, Ms. Yao Wenli, signed the marketing agreement betw", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23cd484d894a8897", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 10753, "end": 10762, "quote": "Id. at 68", "context": ". 11 at 68 ¶¶ 6-8, 82-83.) The same listing stated that Wang was UDG’s manager until May 19, 2016. (Id. at 68 ¶ 8(e).) The individual who is currently listed as UDG’s Supervisor is Liu’s assistant. (Dkt. 59-1 ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7100b7fc4875fb76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 11379, "end": 11382, "quote": "Id.", "context": "013, Beverly Proton signed a thirty year lease with Dr. Thro-pay with rent of $1,000,000 per year. (Id. Ex. 13.) The existing building on the land was only demolished in mid-2015. (Liu Questioning at 57-", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e56732ce029156ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 11622, "end": 11625, "quote": "id.", "context": "n spent $315,487 improving Dr. Thropay’s property and paid him $838,500 in rent. (Dkt. 37 ¶¶19, 22; id. Exs. 12,14.)\nHowever, in 2015, Liu decided to pursue a partnership with the City of Hope cancer hos", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0ef341c8be4f9f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 12883, "end": 12892, "quote": "Id. at 60", "context": "nit. (See Liu Questioning at 61, 136.) Unsurprisingly, no construction permits were ever obtained. (Id. at 60.)\n4. Procedural History\nOn February 4, 2016, the SEC subpoenaed Liu to provide records and testimon", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd47b58871577728", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 14163, "end": 14173, "quote": "id. at 1-7", "context": "ion against all defendants, (Dkt. 77). The preliminary injunction echoed the TRO’s provisions. (See id. at 1-7.) That same day, the Court appointed a monitor, Michael Grassmueck, over Corporate Defendants. (Dkt", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee43d59269d6cc18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 15046, "end": 15047, "quote": "§", "context": "eliminary injunction ordered Liu and Wang to repatriate $26,967,918 by November 18, 2016. (Dkt. 179 § VIII.) Repatriation was ordered because, as of June 3, 2016, Corporate Defendants had only $234,899", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf40c6f071cb8e27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 15630, "end": 15631, "quote": "§", "context": " affairs” and at which Liú and Wang 'were welcome to assert their Fifth Amendment rights. (Dkt, 179 § X.) Citing a medical emergency precluding travel to the United States, on October 28, 2016, Liu and", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "250e03860381de46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 16206, "end": 16209, "quote": "Id.", "context": "n within ten days. (Dkt. 187.) The repatriation deadline of November 18, 2016, remained unchanged. (Id.)\nLiu and Wang’s depositions occurred on November 10 and November 9, respectively. Liu asserted his ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3bae1bdef3b3e077", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 17332, "end": 17335, "quote": "Id.", "context": ". 194-2 Ex. 3; Dkt. 208 Ex. 2.)\nLiu and Wang failed to comply with the Court’s repatriation order. (Id. (“Counsel have advised the SEC that defendant Liu is attempting to obtain loans in China in order t", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c61a7b288a591c85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 18329, "end": 18332, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ary judgment in abeyance for three weeks, and ordered supplemental briefing as to civil penalties. (Id.; Dkt. 219.) The parties filed a joint stipulation for leave to escrow potential settlement funds on", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f45a0663ffad4add", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20029, "end": 20032, "quote": "Id.", "context": "genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Id.; see also Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). The p", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4fac1d8d7f312ffe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20069, "end": 20081, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": "and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Id.; see also Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). The party seeking summary judgment bears the initial b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b7cc1de4d47d339", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20088, "end": 20102, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": "ntitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Id.; see also Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). The party seeking summary judgment bears the initial burden of demonstratin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbaf8df9479f5368", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20104, "end": 20118, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": "ent as a matter of law.” Id.; see also Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). The party seeking summary judgment bears the initial burden of demonstrating the absence of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c802d3a6041de5d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20268, "end": 20283, "quote": "477 U.S. at 325", "context": "the initial burden of demonstrating the absence of a genuine issue of material fact. Celotex Corp., 477 U.S. at 325, 106 S.Ct. 2548. A factual issue is “genuine” when there is sufficient evidence such that a reasona", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "17df5f0a64b3cae0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20285, "end": 20299, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": "n of demonstrating the absence of a genuine issue of material fact. Celotex Corp., 477 U.S. at 325, 106 S.Ct. 2548. A factual issue is “genuine” when there is sufficient evidence such that a reasonable trier of fac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1a7794648f83022", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20484, "end": 20496, "quote": "477 U.S. 242", "context": "le trier of fact could resolve the issue in the nonmovant’s favor. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). A fact is “material” when its resolution might affect ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6dbd5aae7519b6df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20503, "end": 20517, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "uld resolve the issue in the nonmovant’s favor. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). A fact is “material” when its resolution might affect the outcome of the su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d22e1634967ebc3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20519, "end": 20533, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": "issue in the nonmovant’s favor. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). A fact is “material” when its resolution might affect the outcome of the suit under the gov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bae9153b32daf19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20698, "end": 20701, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e outcome of the suit under the governing law, and is determined by looking to the substantive law. Id. “Factual disputes that are irrelevant or unnecessary will not be counted.” Id. at 249, 106 S.Ct. 25", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9992587c5c6f1a19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20777, "end": 20787, "quote": "Id. at 249", "context": "the substantive law. Id. “Factual disputes that are irrelevant or unnecessary will not be counted.” Id. at 249, 106 S.Ct. 2505.\nWhere the movant will bear the burden of proof on an issue at trial, the movant “m", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ef6d6bfcee781fee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 20789, "end": 20803, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "ive law. Id. “Factual disputes that are irrelevant or unnecessary will not be counted.” Id. at 249, 106 S.Ct. 2505.\nWhere the movant will bear the burden of proof on an issue at trial, the movant “must affirmativel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e8c19039e0a4900", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 21031, "end": 21043, "quote": "509 F.3d 978", "context": "able trier of fact could find other than for the moving party.” Soremekun v. Thrifty Payless, Inc., 509 F.3d 978, 984 (9th Cir. 2007). In contrast, where the nonmovant will have the burden of proof on an issue at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "509 F.3d 978", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_509/0978_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "99822aa3314e71b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 21322, "end": 21334, "quote": "398 U.S. 144", "context": "egating an essential element of the opposing party’s claim or defense, Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 158-60, 90 S.Ct. 1598, 26 L.Ed.2d 142 (1970), or (2) showing that there is an absence of evidence ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "398 U.S. 144", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5e0935fefb8b610", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 21344, "end": 21357, "quote": "90 S.Ct. 1598", "context": "lement of the opposing party’s claim or defense, Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 158-60, 90 S.Ct. 1598, 26 L.Ed.2d 142 (1970), or (2) showing that there is an absence of evidence to support the non-movi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 S. Ct. 1598", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ab155b1a0d79c37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 21359, "end": 21373, "quote": "26 L.Ed.2d 142", "context": "pposing party’s claim or defense, Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 158-60, 90 S.Ct. 1598, 26 L.Ed.2d 142 (1970), or (2) showing that there is an absence of evidence to support the non-moving party’s case,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 L. Ed. 2d 142", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f9c3a029931cc99", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 21489, "end": 21504, "quote": "477 U.S. at 325", "context": "showing that there is an absence of evidence to support the non-moving party’s case, Celotex Corp., 477 U.S. at 325, 106 S.Ct. 2548. Once this burden is met, the party resisting the motion must set forth, by affidav", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15d80f5588c1b973", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 21506, "end": 21520, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": "e is an absence of evidence to support the non-moving party’s case, Celotex Corp., 477 U.S. at 325, 106 S.Ct. 2548. Once this burden is met, the party resisting the motion must set forth, by affidavit, or as otherw", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "081f2dc8774b851d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 21724, "end": 21739, "quote": "477 U.S. at 256", "context": "provided under Rule 56, “specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.” Anderson, 477 U.S. at 256, 106 S.Ct. 2505. A party opposing summary judgment must support its assertion that a material fact ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3feb1321b8634639", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 21741, "end": 21755, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "le 56, “specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.” Anderson, 477 U.S. at 256, 106 S.Ct. 2505. A party opposing summary judgment must support its assertion that a material fact is genuinely dis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ecca3f836a29e0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 22524, "end": 22539, "quote": "477 U.S. at 252", "context": "there must be evidence on which the jury could reasonably find for the [opposing party].” Anderson, 477 U.S. at 252, 106 S.Ct. 2505.\nIn considering a motion for summary judgment, the court must examine all the evide", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca13d3661f4efe40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 22541, "end": 22555, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "dence on which the jury could reasonably find for the [opposing party].” Anderson, 477 U.S. at 252, 106 S.Ct. 2505.\nIn considering a motion for summary judgment, the court must examine all the evidence in the light", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45411d27479783fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 22746, "end": 22749, "quote": "Id.", "context": "the light most favorable to the non-moving party, and draw all justifiable inferences in its favor. Id.; United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962); T.W. Elec. ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d6ab0743a64fa12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 22783, "end": 22795, "quote": "369 U.S. 654", "context": "oving party, and draw all justifiable inferences in its favor. Id.; United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962); T.W. Elec. Serv., Inc. v. Pac. Elec. Contractors Ass’n, 8", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "369 U.S. 654", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "197e610834e91b33", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 22802, "end": 22814, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 993", "context": "aw all justifiable inferences in its favor. Id.; United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962); T.W. Elec. Serv., Inc. v. Pac. Elec. Contractors Ass’n, 809 F.2d 626, 630-31", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 993", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "efbdec093ca4842d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 22816, "end": 22829, "quote": "8 L.Ed.2d 176", "context": "able inferences in its favor. Id.; United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962); T.W. Elec. Serv., Inc. v. Pac. Elec. Contractors Ass’n, 809 F.2d 626, 630-31 (9th Cir. 1987", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 L. Ed. 2d 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e867f3740d31dc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 22894, "end": 22906, "quote": "809 F.2d 626", "context": "4, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962); T.W. Elec. Serv., Inc. v. Pac. Elec. Contractors Ass’n, 809 F.2d 626, 630-31 (9th Cir. 1987). The Court does not make credibility determinations, nor does it weigh conf", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "809 F.2d 626", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_809/0626_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1668391bb4bb0c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 23071, "end": 23083, "quote": "504 U.S. 451", "context": "erminations, nor does it weigh conflicting evidence. Eastman Kodak Co. v. Image Tech. Servs., Inc., 504 U.S. 451, 456, 112 S.Ct. 2072, 119 L.Ed.2d 265 (1992). But conclu-sory and speculative testimony in affidavi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "504 U.S. 451", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f010394716f0d020", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 23090, "end": 23104, "quote": "112 S.Ct. 2072", "context": "es it weigh conflicting evidence. Eastman Kodak Co. v. Image Tech. Servs., Inc., 504 U.S. 451, 456, 112 S.Ct. 2072, 119 L.Ed.2d 265 (1992). But conclu-sory and speculative testimony in affidavits and moving papers ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 2072", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "808db03c8b1fd1f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 23106, "end": 23121, "quote": "119 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": "licting evidence. Eastman Kodak Co. v. Image Tech. Servs., Inc., 504 U.S. 451, 456, 112 S.Ct. 2072, 119 L.Ed.2d 265 (1992). But conclu-sory and speculative testimony in affidavits and moving papers is insufficient t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "951a9065b829a89f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 23320, "end": 23332, "quote": "594 F.2d 730", "context": "to raise triable issues of fact and defeat summary judgment. Thornhill Pub. Co., Inc. v. GTE Corp., 594 F.2d 730, 738 (9th Cir. 1979). The evidence the parties present must be admissible. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c). “", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "594 F.2d 730", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_594/0730_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "917a8399c2b5acd0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 24530, "end": 24542, "quote": "540 U.S. 389", "context": "vestments, in whatever form they are made and by whatever name they are called.” S.E.C. v. Edwards, 540 U.S. 389, 393, 124 S.Ct. 892, 157 L.Ed.2d 813 (2004) (quoting Reves v. Ernst & Young, 494 U.S. 56, 61, 110 S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "540 U.S. 389", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_540/0389_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d03c04f358d96b35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 24549, "end": 24562, "quote": "124 S.Ct. 892", "context": "ver form they are made and by whatever name they are called.” S.E.C. v. Edwards, 540 U.S. 389, 393, 124 S.Ct. 892, 157 L.Ed.2d 813 (2004) (quoting Reves v. Ernst & Young, 494 U.S. 56, 61, 110 S.Ct. 945, 108 L.Ed.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 S. Ct. 892", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_540/0389_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2ec6db9e6c1b0292", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 24564, "end": 24579, "quote": "157 L.Ed.2d 813", "context": "re made and by whatever name they are called.” S.E.C. v. Edwards, 540 U.S. 389, 393, 124 S.Ct. 892, 157 L.Ed.2d 813 (2004) (quoting Reves v. Ernst & Young, 494 U.S. 56, 61, 110 S.Ct. 945, 108 L.Ed.2d 47 (1990)). “To", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "157 L. Ed. 2d 813", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_540/0389_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7525a831e6877fd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 24620, "end": 24631, "quote": "494 U.S. 56", "context": " Edwards, 540 U.S. 389, 393, 124 S.Ct. 892, 157 L.Ed.2d 813 (2004) (quoting Reves v. Ernst & Young, 494 U.S. 56, 61, 110 S.Ct. 945, 108 L.Ed.2d 47 (1990)). “To that end, it enacted a broad definition of ‘securit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "494 U.S. 56", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5333c4a0c05b2f65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 24637, "end": 24650, "quote": "110 S.Ct. 945", "context": ". 389, 393, 124 S.Ct. 892, 157 L.Ed.2d 813 (2004) (quoting Reves v. Ernst & Young, 494 U.S. 56, 61, 110 S.Ct. 945, 108 L.Ed.2d 47 (1990)). “To that end, it enacted a broad definition of ‘security,’ sufficient to e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S. Ct. 945", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e66948f3fe15691", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 24652, "end": 24666, "quote": "108 L.Ed.2d 47", "context": " S.Ct. 892, 157 L.Ed.2d 813 (2004) (quoting Reves v. Ernst & Young, 494 U.S. 56, 61, 110 S.Ct. 945, 108 L.Ed.2d 47 (1990)). “To that end, it enacted a broad definition of ‘security,’ sufficient to encompass virtual", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 L. Ed. 2d 47", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b768dc709cb4ffe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 24822, "end": 24825, "quote": "Id.", "context": " ‘security,’ sufficient to encompass virtually any instrument that might be sold as an investment.” Id. Both the Securities and Exchange Acts define “security” as meaning, among other things, “any ... in", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "108 L. Ed. 2d 47", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "feaf6eea7565ecab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 24955, "end": 24966, "quote": "§ 77b(a)(l)", "context": "nge Acts define “security” as meaning, among other things, “any ... investment contract.” 15 U.S.C. § 77b(a)(l); 15 U.S.C. § 78e(a)(10). An investment'is an investment contract if it is (1) an'investment of mone", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_77b/title15_sec77b_96a0bebf4383/77b_definitions_promotion_of_efficiency_competition_and_capi_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "b1f07b0f9ace39d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 24978, "end": 24990, "quote": "§ 78e(a)(10)", "context": "ty” as meaning, among other things, “any ... investment contract.” 15 U.S.C. § 77b(a)(l); 15 U.S.C. § 78e(a)(10). An investment'is an investment contract if it is (1) an'investment of money (2) in a common enterp", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_78e/title15_sec78e_6ed11dac770b/78e_transactions_on_unregistered_exchanges_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "0eeecc606aa0b7b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 25199, "end": 25211, "quote": "328 U.S. 293", "context": "with the expectation of profits (4) generated from the efforts of others. S.E.C. v. W.J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293, 298-99, 66 S.Ct. 1100, 90 L.Ed. 1244 (1946); see also Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act, 15 U.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "328 U.S. 293", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70f39b55a004a355", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 25221, "end": 25234, "quote": "66 S.Ct. 1100", "context": "f profits (4) generated from the efforts of others. S.E.C. v. W.J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293, 298-99, 66 S.Ct. 1100, 90 L.Ed. 1244 (1946); see also Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77b(a)(1).\nLiu a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 S. Ct. 1100", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db93f409642a70b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 25236, "end": 25249, "quote": "90 L.Ed. 1244", "context": "enerated from the efforts of others. S.E.C. v. W.J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293, 298-99, 66 S.Ct. 1100, 90 L.Ed. 1244 (1946); see also Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77b(a)(1).\nLiu and Wang’s argum", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 L. Ed. 1244", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a100354f2490a9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 25267, "end": 25282, "quote": "Section 2(a)(1)", "context": "hers. S.E.C. v. W.J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293, 298-99, 66 S.Ct. 1100, 90 L.Ed. 1244 (1946); see also Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77b(a)(1).\nLiu and Wang’s argument challenges the applicability ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23eb1efae8c7a46e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 25316, "end": 25327, "quote": "§ 77b(a)(1)", "context": "-99, 66 S.Ct. 1100, 90 L.Ed. 1244 (1946); see also Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77b(a)(1).\nLiu and Wang’s argument challenges the applicability of the third prong. They argue that there is ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_77b/title15_sec77b_96a0bebf4383/77b_definitions_promotion_of_efficiency_competition_and_capi_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "adc39d8f7da35a65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 25626, "end": 25635, "quote": "id. at 17", "context": "ectf ] a loss, so long as [they] get [their] green card and U.S. citizenship.” (Dkt. 211 at 16; see id. at 17 (“Capital contributions made by EB-5 investors to acquire a green card are not securities as define", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac82aad6cc26b5cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 26150, "end": 26163, "quote": "569 F.3d 1015", "context": "urt] must focus [its] inquiry on what the purchasers were offered or promised.” Warfield v. Alaniz, 569 F.3d 1015, 1021 (9th Cir. 2009). The POMs refer to the investments as securities, specify the interest rate P", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "569 F.3d 1015", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_569/1015_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1e6985003f36883", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 26982, "end": 26994, "quote": "758 F.2d 459", "context": "urities into something else.” (Dkt. 139 at 10-(citing S.E.C. v. Goldfield Deep Mines Co. of Nevada, 758 F.2d 459, 464 (9th Cir. 1985) (investors had expectation of profits even though the investment was ‘promoted", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "758 F.2d 459", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_758/0459_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa43a4a634641bb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27415, "end": 27432, "quote": "Sections 17(a)(1)", "context": "s Complaint alleges three securities fraud causes of action against Liu and Wang: (1) violations of Sections 17(a)(1), 17(a)(2), and 17(a)(3) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 77q(a)(l),(2),(3), (Dkt. 1 ¶¶ 122-25); ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a753a423e2f2a018", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27490, "end": 27502, "quote": "§§ 77q(a)(l)", "context": " Wang: (1) violations of Sections 17(a)(1), 17(a)(2), and 17(a)(3) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 77q(a)(l),(2),(3), (Dkt. 1 ¶¶ 122-25); (2) violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_77q/title15_sec77q_00dee8534bb9/77q_fraudulent_interstate_transactions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "cd18b629fbf7d92b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27550, "end": 27563, "quote": "Section 10(b)", "context": "(a)(3) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 77q(a)(l),(2),(3), (Dkt. 1 ¶¶ 122-25); (2) violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rules 10b-5(a) and 10b-5(c) thereunder, 17 C.F.R. §§ 2", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6665c28312b3348", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27595, "end": 27603, "quote": "§ 78j(b)", "context": "q(a)(l),(2),(3), (Dkt. 1 ¶¶ 122-25); (2) violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rules 10b-5(a) and 10b-5(c) thereunder, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.10b-5(a),(c), {id. ¶¶ 126-30); and (3", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_78j/title15_sec78j_0d32bcdde2f4/78j_manipulative_and_deceptive_devices_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9f17c80fc4943fdc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27649, "end": 27665, "quote": "17 C.F.R. §§ 240", "context": " Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rules 10b-5(a) and 10b-5(c) thereunder, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.10b-5(a),(c), {id. ¶¶ 126-30); and (3) violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. §", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "17 C.F.R. §§ 240", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33e5bd1582641943", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27659, "end": 27674, "quote": "§§ 240.10b-5(a)", "context": "0(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rules 10b-5(a) and 10b-5(c) thereunder, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.10b-5(a),(c), {id. ¶¶ 126-30); and (3) violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b),'", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "57a6e12ad55de9f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27681, "end": 27684, "quote": "id.", "context": "ct, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rules 10b-5(a) and 10b-5(c) thereunder, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.10b-5(a),(c), {id. ¶¶ 126-30); and (3) violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b),'and Rule 1", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f297be2e0524cdb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27719, "end": 27732, "quote": "Section 10(b)", "context": "5(a) and 10b-5(c) thereunder, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.10b-5(a),(c), {id. ¶¶ 126-30); and (3) violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b),'and Rule 10b-5(b) thereunder, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5(b), ag", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5f7eee2eb8d1e3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27764, "end": 27772, "quote": "§ 78j(b)", "context": "0.10b-5(a),(c), {id. ¶¶ 126-30); and (3) violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b),'and Rule 10b-5(b) thereunder, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5(b), against Liu only, {id. ¶¶ 131-35). As the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_78j/title15_sec78j_0d32bcdde2f4/78j_manipulative_and_deceptive_devices_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "486fa8cb9fbe1042", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27804, "end": 27828, "quote": "17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5(b)", "context": " violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b),'and Rule 10b-5(b) thereunder, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5(b), against Liu only, {id. ¶¶ 131-35). As the Court finds that the SEC is entitled to summary judgment", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "896a3a6908592547", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27849, "end": 27852, "quote": "id.", "context": "Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b),'and Rule 10b-5(b) thereunder, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5(b), against Liu only, {id. ¶¶ 131-35). As the Court finds that the SEC is entitled to summary judgment on its Section 17(a)(2)", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98bbf18df9adfb34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 27936, "end": 27952, "quote": "Section 17(a)(2)", "context": "t Liu only, {id. ¶¶ 131-35). As the Court finds that the SEC is entitled to summary judgment on its Section 17(a)(2) of the Securities Act claim against Liu and Wang, which is a sufficient basis for the remedies the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3933352822174c1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 28114, "end": 28130, "quote": "Section 17(a)(2)", "context": "sufficient basis for the remedies the SEC seeks, it is unnecessary to reach the SEC’s other claims.\nSection 17(a)(2) of the Securities Act prohibits “any person in the offer or sale of any securities' ... to obtain m", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "488b566c791cb9f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 28473, "end": 28484, "quote": "§ 77q(a)(2)", "context": "atements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.” 15 U.S.C. § 77q(a)(2). Liu and Wang need not make or omit the untrue statement to be liable. See Sec. & Exch. Comm’n v. H", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_77q/title15_sec77q_00dee8534bb9/77q_fraudulent_interstate_transactions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1c5610587e32a94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 28611, "end": 28625, "quote": "2017 WL 810269", "context": "e or omit the untrue statement to be liable. See Sec. & Exch. Comm’n v. Husain, No. 216CV032500DWE, 2017 WL 810269, at *8 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 1, 2017).\nThere is. no dispute that Liu and Wang received $6,714,580 and $lj", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2017 WL 810269", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9301f9110194493e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 29449, "end": 29465, "quote": "Section 17(a)(2)", "context": "; Dkt. 200-1 ¶ 48; Dkt. 212 ¶ 48.)\nLiu arid Wang argue that they cannot be liable for violations of Section 17(a)(2) because there were no untrue statements or omissions in the POM. Liu and Wang are wrong. Their acti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40045821d6f3f543", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 29971, "end": 29974, "quote": "Id.", "context": " per year and $75,000 per investor and he promised UDG $650,000 annually and $35,000 per investor. {Id. Ex.- 22 at 581; Ex. 23.) It is impossible for those payments to not include an investor’s Capital C", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac6df0b8421c04f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 32469, "end": 32481, "quote": "500 F.3d 895", "context": "tor as having significantly altered the ‘total mix’ of information made available.” S.E.C. v. Phan, 500 F.3d 895, 908 (9th Cir. 2007) (quoting Basic Inc. v. Levinson, 485 U.S. 224, 231-32, 108 S.Ct. 978, 99 L.Ed.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "500 F.3d 895", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d83962aeb0a76a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 32536, "end": 32548, "quote": "485 U.S. 224", "context": "made available.” S.E.C. v. Phan, 500 F.3d 895, 908 (9th Cir. 2007) (quoting Basic Inc. v. Levinson, 485 U.S. 224, 231-32, 108 S.Ct. 978, 99 L.Ed.2d 194 (1988)). While the Supreme Court has recognized that materia", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "485 U.S. 224", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05b2543874bb1484", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 32558, "end": 32571, "quote": "108 S.Ct. 978", "context": ". v. Phan, 500 F.3d 895, 908 (9th Cir. 2007) (quoting Basic Inc. v. Levinson, 485 U.S. 224, 231-32, 108 S.Ct. 978, 99 L.Ed.2d 194 (1988)). While the Supreme Court has recognized that materiality determinations req", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 S. Ct. 978", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33e1c504f55cacd0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 32573, "end": 32587, "quote": "99 L.Ed.2d 194", "context": "F.3d 895, 908 (9th Cir. 2007) (quoting Basic Inc. v. Levinson, 485 U.S. 224, 231-32, 108 S.Ct. 978, 99 L.Ed.2d 194 (1988)). While the Supreme Court has recognized that materiality determinations require “delicate a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 L. Ed. 2d 194", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7dcfbc2c92823865", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 33140, "end": 33152, "quote": "426 U.S. 438", "context": "reasonable minds cannot differ on the question of materiality.” TSC Indus., Inc. v. Northway, Inc., 426 U.S. 438, 450, 96 S.Ct. 2126, 48 L.Ed.2d 757 (1976) (quotation omitted). This is just such a case. No reason", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "426 U.S. 438", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0477dfcc31814162", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 33159, "end": 33172, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 2126", "context": "nnot differ on the question of materiality.” TSC Indus., Inc. v. Northway, Inc., 426 U.S. 438, 450, 96 S.Ct. 2126, 48 L.Ed.2d 757 (1976) (quotation omitted). This is just such a case. No reasonable investor would ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 2126", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45fa22b73daa4b45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 33174, "end": 33188, "quote": "48 L.Ed.2d 757", "context": "the question of materiality.” TSC Indus., Inc. v. Northway, Inc., 426 U.S. 438, 450, 96 S.Ct. 2126, 48 L.Ed.2d 757 (1976) (quotation omitted). This is just such a case. No reasonable investor would consider $21 mil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "48 L. Ed. 2d 757", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc8365ec70202f27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 34109, "end": 34125, "quote": "Section 17(a)(2)", "context": "l.\nFinally, the SEC must show that Liu and Wang were negligent in order for them to be liable under Section 17(a)(2). S.E.C. v. Dain Rauscher, Inc., 254 F.3d 852, 856 (9th Cir. 2001). The touchstone of negligence is ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b6b73a717312c96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 34158, "end": 34170, "quote": "254 F.3d 852", "context": "ere negligent in order for them to be liable under Section 17(a)(2). S.E.C. v. Dain Rauscher, Inc., 254 F.3d 852, 856 (9th Cir. 2001). The touchstone of negligence is the departure from the standards of ordinary ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "254 F.3d 852", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_254/0852_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f115bd93d1c48191", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 34759, "end": 34775, "quote": "Section 17(a)(2)", "context": "es tasked with enticing more investors.\nSummary judgment is GRANTED in favor of the SEC as to their Section 17(a)(2) claim against Liu and Wang. As that violation is sufficient to trigger imposition of the remedies t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e94663b35a1d6a34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 35311, "end": 35324, "quote": "Section 20(b)", "context": "rest, (Dkt.- 221 at 17), so the Court considers the other remedies in turn.\ni. Permanent Injunction\nSection 20(b) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77t(b), and Section 21(d) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u(d", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e5e93ceb792d031", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 35358, "end": 35366, "quote": "§ 77t(b)", "context": " the other remedies in turn.\ni. Permanent Injunction\nSection 20(b) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77t(b), and Section 21(d) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u(d), authorize permanent injunctions where t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_77t/title15_sec77t_fc878c2e0e0b/77t_injunctions_and_prosecution_of_offenses_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "2df478551f772bac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 35372, "end": 35385, "quote": "Section 21(d)", "context": "edies in turn.\ni. Permanent Injunction\nSection 20(b) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77t(b), and Section 21(d) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u(d), authorize permanent injunctions where there is a reasonabl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9686b7b8f1094a59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 35417, "end": 35425, "quote": "§ 78u(d)", "context": "n 20(b) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77t(b), and Section 21(d) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u(d), authorize permanent injunctions where there is a reasonable likelihood of a future violation of th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_78u/title15_sec78u_560f020a6ea2/78u_investigations_and_actions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "5a188bf13914ee29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 35562, "end": 35574, "quote": "626 F.2d 633", "context": "re there is a reasonable likelihood of a future violation of the securities laws. S.E.C. v. Murphy, 626 F.2d 633, 639 (9th Cir. 1980); U.S. S.E.C. v. Fehn, 97 F.3d 1276, 1295 (9th Cir. 1996). Factors to be consid", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "626 F.2d 633", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_626/0633_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "03230b755c209a52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 35618, "end": 35630, "quote": "97 F.3d 1276", "context": "n of the securities laws. S.E.C. v. Murphy, 626 F.2d 633, 639 (9th Cir. 1980); U.S. S.E.C. v. Fehn, 97 F.3d 1276, 1295 (9th Cir. 1996). Factors to be considered include “(1) the degree of scienter involved; (2) t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 F.3d 1276", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_97/1276_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f9b205d042006df4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 36031, "end": 36042, "quote": "97 F.3d at ", "context": "e violations might occur; (5) and the sincerity of his assurances against future violations.” Fehn, 97 F.3d at 1295-96 (quoting Murphy, 626 F.2d at 655).\nThe totality of the circumstances support imposition of a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "97 F.3d 1276", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_97/1276_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "29bda5193a1e1917", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 36067, "end": 36082, "quote": "626 F.2d at 655", "context": "e sincerity of his assurances against future violations.” Fehn, 97 F.3d at 1295-96 (quoting Murphy, 626 F.2d at 655).\nThe totality of the circumstances support imposition of a permanent injunction prohibiting Liu an", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "626 F.2d 633", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_626/0633_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8816a45d40c4002d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 37348, "end": 37360, "quote": "id. ¶¶ 32-39", "context": "United MPH Ventures, and to cover personal expenses, including school tuition and real estate. (See id. ¶¶ 32-39.) Liu personally met with investors, Wang gave speeches encouraging investment, and they organized ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30944a671b99aa93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 37948, "end": 37960, "quote": "425 U.S. 308", "context": "ey refuse to testify in response to probative evidence offered against them.” Baxter v. Palmigiano, 425 U.S. 308, 318, 96 S.Ct. 1551, 47 L.Ed.2d 810 (1976). The Ninth Circuit has delineated that, since there is “", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "425 U.S. 308", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09bc828bebd2ba30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 37967, "end": 37980, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 1551", "context": "y in response to probative evidence offered against them.” Baxter v. Palmigiano, 425 U.S. 308, 318, 96 S.Ct. 1551, 47 L.Ed.2d 810 (1976). The Ninth Circuit has delineated that, since there is “tension between one ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 1551", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cfa77bfa890533d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 37982, "end": 37996, "quote": "47 L.Ed.2d 810", "context": "o probative evidence offered against them.” Baxter v. Palmigiano, 425 U.S. 308, 318, 96 S.Ct. 1551, 47 L.Ed.2d 810 (1976). The Ninth Circuit has delineated that, since there is “tension between one party’s Fifth Am", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 L. Ed. 2d 810", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b35dc2cb6ad6848", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 38269, "end": 38282, "quote": "232 F.3d 1258", "context": " inferences may only be taken when certain conditions are met. Doe ex rel. Rudy-Glanzer v. Glanzer, 232 F.3d 1258, 1264-65 (9th Cir. 2000). Specifically, courts must “analyz[e] each instance where the adverse infe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "232 F.3d 1258", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_232/1258_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "92c87641c7baf83b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 39147, "end": 39150, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ed for the information and there is hot another less burdensome way of obtaining that information.” Id. at’ 1265 (quotation omitted); see also Nationwide Life Ins. Co. v. Richards, 541 F.3d 903, 911-12 (", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "232 F.3d 1258", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_232/1258_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "74c590295c2f6269", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 39228, "end": 39240, "quote": "541 F.3d 903", "context": "that information.” Id. at’ 1265 (quotation omitted); see also Nationwide Life Ins. Co. v. Richards, 541 F.3d 903, 911-12 (9th Cir. 2008); S.E.C. v. Jasper, 678 F.3d 1116, 1125-26 (9th Cir. 2012). In addition, “an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "541 F.3d 903", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_541/0903_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ddcf6ec3b5b8c91d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 39284, "end": 39297, "quote": "678 F.3d 1116", "context": " also Nationwide Life Ins. Co. v. Richards, 541 F.3d 903, 911-12 (9th Cir. 2008); S.E.C. v. Jasper, 678 F.3d 1116, 1125-26 (9th Cir. 2012). In addition, “an adverse inference can be drawn [only] when silence is co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "678 F.3d 1116", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_678/1116_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5349d8b4de667479", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 39469, "end": 39485, "quote": "232 F.3d at 1264", "context": "wn [only] when silence is countered by independent evidence of the fact being questioned.” Glanzer, 232 F.3d at 1264 (emphasis in original).\nIn their depositions, Liu and Wang asserted their Fifth Amendment rights an", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "232 F.3d 1258", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_232/1258_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3cb5b60896a52617", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 39745, "end": 39748, "quote": "id.", "context": "e to misappropriate Pacific Proton investor funds] with fraudulent intents?” (Dkt. 208 Ex. 3 at 86; id. Ex. 2 at 61-62). Liu also refused to answer, based on the Fifth Amendment: (1) “Is it true that you", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "232 F.3d 1258", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_232/1258_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f3b3b71757a2dce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 40029, "end": 40032, "quote": "id.", "context": "er that was inconsistent with the terms and disclosures of the Pacific Proton offering memoranda?” (id. Ex. 3 at 90); (2) “Is it true that you knew false statements concerning the Pacific Proton offering", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4568892bd88013a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 40506, "end": 40509, "quote": "id.", "context": "er that was inconsistent with the terms and disclosures of the Pacific Proton offering memoranda?” (id. Ex. 3 at 91).\nThe adverse inferences from these, assertions of the Fifth Amendment are that Liu and", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20601773c1045fc9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 41423, "end": 41435, "quote": "425 U.S. 185", "context": " “a mental state embracing intent to deceive, manipulate, or defraud,” Ernst & Ernst v. Hochfelder, 425 U.S. 185, 193 n.12, 96 S.Ct. 1375, 47 L.Ed.2d 668 (1976), consists of an individual’s testimony. Therefore, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "425 U.S. 185", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be3c1e194123ef82", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 41447, "end": 41460, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 1375", "context": "ng intent to deceive, manipulate, or defraud,” Ernst & Ernst v. Hochfelder, 425 U.S. 185, 193 n.12, 96 S.Ct. 1375, 47 L.Ed.2d 668 (1976), consists of an individual’s testimony. Therefore, there is no alternative l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 1375", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "037dc34b615474dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 41462, "end": 41476, "quote": "47 L.Ed.2d 668", "context": "ceive, manipulate, or defraud,” Ernst & Ernst v. Hochfelder, 425 U.S. 185, 193 n.12, 96 S.Ct. 1375, 47 L.Ed.2d 668 (1976), consists of an individual’s testimony. Therefore, there is no alternative less burdensome m", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 L. Ed. 2d 668", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f30d8ed2bfced3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 42887, "end": 42896, "quote": "id. at 34", "context": "ctober 7, 2016, hearing reporting that no emails or text messages had been produced by Defendants); id. at 34 (the Monitor stating’ that, accessing emails or text messages were “the only way to get any hope” o", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97330dd8af2a6c80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 43219, "end": 43222, "quote": "id.", "context": "onic files and that she does not recall whether she sent emails in connection with Beverly Proton); id. Ex. 3 at 109-30 (Liu testifying that he used email pervasively, that no emails or electronic files ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bddb65765cf47d88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 44928, "end": 44941, "quote": "440 F.3d 1109", "context": " enrichment and to deter others from violating securities laws. S.E.C. v. JT Wallenbrock & Assocs., 440 F.3d 1109, 1113 (9th Cir. 2006); see also SEC v. Colello, 139 F.3d 674, 679 (9th Cir. 1998) (“To order disgor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "440 F.3d 1109", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_440/1109_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "28de0e1138af845a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 44990, "end": 45002, "quote": "139 F.3d 674", "context": ". S.E.C. v. JT Wallenbrock & Assocs., 440 F.3d 1109, 1113 (9th Cir. 2006); see also SEC v. Colello, 139 F.3d 674, 679 (9th Cir. 1998) (“To order disgorgement, the district court ... need find only that [the defen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 F.3d 674", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_139/0674_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b32ab44519ea0a9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 45420, "end": 45432, "quote": "440 F.3d at ", "context": "nly a ‘reasonable approximation of profits causally connected to .the violation.? ” JT Wallenbrock, 440 F.3d at 1113 (quoting S.E.C. v. First Pac. Bancorp, 142 F.3d 1186, 1192 n.6 (9th Cir. 1998)).\nLiu and Wang d", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "440 F.3d 1109", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_440/1109_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7d309d8d37fbcdb7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 45476, "end": 45489, "quote": "142 F.3d 1186", "context": "ected to .the violation.? ” JT Wallenbrock, 440 F.3d at 1113 (quoting S.E.C. v. First Pac. Bancorp, 142 F.3d 1186, 1192 n.6 (9th Cir. 1998)).\nLiu and Wang do not directly argue that disgorgement is inappropriate h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "142 F.3d 1186", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_142/1186_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cabbb34abc45f2e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 46576, "end": 46584, "quote": "id. at 4", "context": "rgue extensively that disgorgement should also be offset- by their “legitimate” business expenses, (id. at 4-10), the.Ninth Circuit.has indicated that the proper amount of disgorgement is the entire proceeds ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dfadfef5b7da3075", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 46751, "end": 46767, "quote": "440 F.3d at 1113", "context": "gorgement is the entire proceeds from a scheme minus amounts paid to investors, see JT Wallenbrock, 440 F.3d at 1113. “[I]t would be unjust to permit the defendants to offset against the investor dollars they receive", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "440 F.3d 1109", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_440/1109_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "85bdcf4000fe1a14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 47010, "end": 47021, "quote": "Id. at 1114", "context": " they created to defraud those investors into -giving the defendants the money in the first place.” Id. at 1114. Liu and Wang’s attempt to distinguish Ninth Circuit authority on the grounds that those cases deal", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "440 F.3d 1109", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_440/1109_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d537bfe13a08dc68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 47920, "end": 47935, "quote": "§§ 78u(d)(3)(B)", "context": "nalty .amount is to be “determined by the court in light of the facts and circumstances.” 15 U.S.C. §§ 78u(d)(3)(B), 77t(d). First tier penalties can be imposed for any violation of the act; second tier penalties ar", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_78u/title15_sec78u_560f020a6ea2/78u_investigations_and_actions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "09022e0c14dfab7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 48385, "end": 48388, "quote": "Id.", "context": "sulted in substantial losses or created a significant risk of substantial losses to other persons.” Id. The Court agrees with the SEC that third tier penalties are appropriate. The factors considered abo", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ba9fab7726e6d97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 48669, "end": 48685, "quote": "2015 WL 12751703", "context": "ly support imposition of civil penalties. See Sec. & Exch. Comm’n v. Lee, No. CV 14-06865-RGK (EX), 2015 WL 12751703, at *7 (C.D. Cal. Oct. 28, 2015).\nThe amount of the civil penalty imposed is within a court’s discr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2015 WL 12751703", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fdc6fc4e39b87e03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 48806, "end": 48821, "quote": "§§ 78u(d)(3)(B)", "context": "t. 28, 2015).\nThe amount of the civil penalty imposed is within a court’s discretion. See 15 U.S.C. §§ 78u(d)(3)(B), 77t(d). The SEC suggests $6,714,580 for Liu, the undisputed amount that he took for himself. (Dkt.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_78u/title15_sec78u_560f020a6ea2/78u_investigations_and_actions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ddee8d272a286537", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 50207, "end": 50210, "quote": "Id.", "context": "rding his and Wang’s relationship to Pacific Proton, PPEB5 Fund, Beverly Proton, UDG, and Ms. Yao. (Id. Ex. 1 at 10-13.) It also asked him to admit knowledge of the EB-5 program, the total investment pro", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e012c1b10148b810", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 50451, "end": 50460, "quote": "Id. at 13", "context": "14,580 from October 2014 to April 2016, including at least $4,270,000 from February to March 2016. (Id. at 13-14.) Admissions were also sought regarding the receipt of funds by Wang, Overseas Chinese, UDG, and", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a9d19cc7627ae29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 50671, "end": 50680, "quote": "Id. at 14", "context": "’s funds transfers, his intentional deviations from the POM, and the veracity of various exhibits. (Id. at 14-23.) Finally, Liu was asked to admit that he was capable of complying with the repatriation order. ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79097a46b099fdec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 50781, "end": 50790, "quote": "Id. at 19", "context": "23.) Finally, Liu was asked to admit that he was capable of complying with the repatriation order. (Id. at 19.) Wang’s request for admissions sought substantially equivalent admissions. (See id. Ex. 2 at 35^8.", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a2fe4255cc8bf9a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 50872, "end": 50875, "quote": "id.", "context": " order. (Id. at 19.) Wang’s request for admissions sought substantially equivalent admissions. (See id. Ex. 2 at 35^8.)\nThe SEC also propounded eighteen interrogatories on Liu and' Wang. (Id. Exs. 6,7.) ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d500771bd69053a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 50960, "end": 50963, "quote": "Id.", "context": "sions. (See id. Ex. 2 at 35^8.)\nThe SEC also propounded eighteen interrogatories on Liu and' Wang. (Id. Exs. 6,7.) The interrogatories asked:\n1. The nature of Liu and Wang’s financial interest in various", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f66c1c0acb3bc1ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 53781, "end": 53784, "quote": "Id.", "context": "direct beneficial interest, including institution name, address, account number, and account type.\n(Id. Ex. 6 at 115-18; id. Ex. 7 at 130-33.) Liu and Wang’s discovery responses were originally due Novem", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f85a98bda79f39b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_262/0957_01/index.html", "start": 53802, "end": 53805, "quote": "id.", "context": "erest, including institution name, address, account number, and account type.\n(Id. Ex. 6 at 115-18; id. Ex. 7 at 130-33.) Liu and Wang’s discovery responses were originally due November 21, 2016. At thei", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6e417c1a8e1c2aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 1473, "end": 1489, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3401", "context": " driving under the influence is vacated.\nI. JURISDICTION\nThis case was tried by a magistrate judge. 18 U.S.C. § 3401 ; Fed. R. Crim. P. 58. Mr. Abercrombie filed a timely notice of appeal (Doc. # 45) from the judgmen", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3401", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3401/title18_sec3401_1f2a12051a71/3401_misdemeanors_application_of_probation_laws_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6da282bc993b5a0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 1702, "end": 1718, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3402", "context": "on and sentence entered by the magistrate judge (Doc. # 43). This court has appellate jurisdiction. 18 U.S.C. § 3402 ; Fed. R. Crim. P. 58(g)(2).\nII. BACKGROUND\nA. Arrest on Fort Rucker\nOne afternoon in January 2017,", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3402", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3402/title18_sec3402_b64272a4d1a3/3402_rules_of_procedure_practice_and_appeal_1_1_section_catc_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "50308db41dea5f53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 6052, "end": 6079, "quote": "Ala. Admin. Code r. 370-1-1", "context": "n to be 0.080 percent alcohol; the machine accepts any reading between 0.076 and 0.084 percent. See Ala. Admin. Code r. 370-1-1-.01(5)(a)(2) (2017). So according to Sergeant Whitehead, a person whose blood-alcohol content is 0.", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Ala. Admin. Code r. 370-1-1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "560e94239f913f59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 6357, "end": 6371, "quote": "Ala. Code § 32", "context": "2, 135-138.)\nMr. Abercrombie's test result was \"0.08 g/210L,\" or 0.08 percent. (Doc. # 58-1, at 2.) Ala. Code § 32-5A-194(a)(5) (\"Percent by weight of alcohol in the blood shall be based upon ... grams of alcohol p", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Ala. Code § 32", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77099c715e9a9f07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 6367, "end": 6384, "quote": "§ 32-5A-194(a)(5)", "context": ".)\nMr. Abercrombie's test result was \"0.08 g/210L,\" or 0.08 percent. (Doc. # 58-1, at 2.) Ala. Code § 32-5A-194(a)(5) (\"Percent by weight of alcohol in the blood shall be based upon ... grams of alcohol per 210 liters", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5950fd006ffce7ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 6643, "end": 6660, "quote": "§ 32-5A-191(a)(1)", "context": "there was \"0.08 percent or more by weight of alcohol in his ... blood\" in violation of Alabama Code § 32-5A-191(a)(1). That statute applies on Fort Rucker under the Assimilative Crimes Act. 18 U.S.C. § 13 ; see United", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a283b98665dd4334", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 6733, "end": 6747, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 13", "context": "bama Code § 32-5A-191(a)(1). That statute applies on Fort Rucker under the Assimilative Crimes Act. 18 U.S.C. § 13 ; see United States v. Tyson , 829 F. Supp. 368, 369 (M.D. Ala. 1993). It is an \"illegal per se law", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 13", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_13/title18_sec13_7cc3ebfb082a/13_laws_of_states_adopted_for_areas_within_federal_jurisdict_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "73b88dc4c9c7bfe8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 6779, "end": 6795, "quote": "829 F. Supp. 368", "context": "ies on Fort Rucker under the Assimilative Crimes Act. 18 U.S.C. § 13 ; see United States v. Tyson , 829 F. Supp. 368, 369 (M.D. Ala. 1993). It is an \"illegal per se law\" that applies \"without reference to the effect ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "829 F. Supp. 368", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_829/0368_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7f6ceb38f003c10", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 6951, "end": 6965, "quote": "620 So. 2d 739", "context": "at applies \"without reference to the effect that alcohol may have on the driver.\" Curren v. State , 620 So. 2d 739, 740 (Ala. 1993) (cleaned up).\nB. Jury Trial\nMr. Abercrombie went to trial in March 2018. A week be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "620 So. 2d 739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d8a5b3fd26c8708", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 13726, "end": 13739, "quote": "886 F.3d 1070", "context": "REVIEW\nEvidentiary rulings are reviewed \"for clear abuse of discretion.\" United States v. Machado , 886 F.3d 1070, 1085 n.14 (11th Cir. 2018). Even if an abuse occurred, the ruling will stand unless it caused \"a s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "886 F.3d 1070", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_886/1070_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb13b9c4654c3d85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 13871, "end": 13874, "quote": "Id.", "context": "en if an abuse occurred, the ruling will stand unless it caused \"a substantial prejudicial effect.\" Id. But if a ruling \"implicates a constitutional question,\" that question is reviewed de novo. Id.\nIV. ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "886 F.3d 1070", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_886/1070_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ebbcd590fb7e4db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 13966, "end": 13969, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ct.\" Id. But if a ruling \"implicates a constitutional question,\" that question is reviewed de novo. Id.\nIV. DISCUSSION\n\"Implicit in a criminal defendant's constitutional rights under the Fifth and Sixth ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "886 F.3d 1070", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_886/1070_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "45cf4e17585c8e44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 14145, "end": 14161, "quote": "886 F.3d at 1085", "context": "der the Fifth and Sixth Amendments is the right to present evidence in his or her favor.\" Machado , 886 F.3d at 1085. And, generally speaking, a court \"should not prohibit a defendant from presenting a theory of defe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "886 F.3d 1070", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_886/1070_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f64b512465c178f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 14307, "end": 14319, "quote": "25 F.3d 1558", "context": " prohibit a defendant from presenting a theory of defense to the jury.\" United States v. Thompson , 25 F.3d 1558, 1564 (11th Cir. 1994). At the same time, however, a defendant \"does not have an unfettered right t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 F.3d 1558", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_25/1558_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7bbc53f6dfaa1b19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 14552, "end": 14564, "quote": "484 U.S. 400", "context": "tent, privileged, or otherwise inadmissible under standard rules of evidence.\" Taylor v. Illinois , 484 U.S. 400, 410, 108 S.Ct. 646, 98 L.Ed.2d 798 (1988) ; see also Holmes v. South Carolina , 547 U.S. 319, 326,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "484 U.S. 400", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a98e1015105ec0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 14571, "end": 14584, "quote": "108 S.Ct. 646", "context": "r otherwise inadmissible under standard rules of evidence.\" Taylor v. Illinois , 484 U.S. 400, 410, 108 S.Ct. 646, 98 L.Ed.2d 798 (1988) ; see also Holmes v. South Carolina , 547 U.S. 319, 326, 126 S.Ct. 1727, 164", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 S. Ct. 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a816aff9985140d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 14586, "end": 14600, "quote": "98 L.Ed.2d 798", "context": "dmissible under standard rules of evidence.\" Taylor v. Illinois , 484 U.S. 400, 410, 108 S.Ct. 646, 98 L.Ed.2d 798 (1988) ; see also Holmes v. South Carolina , 547 U.S. 319, 326, 126 S.Ct. 1727, 164 L.Ed.2d 503 (20", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 L. Ed. 2d 798", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d271ae426ec7d9d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 14646, "end": 14658, "quote": "547 U.S. 319", "context": "ois , 484 U.S. 400, 410, 108 S.Ct. 646, 98 L.Ed.2d 798 (1988) ; see also Holmes v. South Carolina , 547 U.S. 319, 326, 126 S.Ct. 1727, 164 L.Ed.2d 503 (2006).\nThe Eleventh Circuit noted this tension in United Sta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "547 U.S. 319", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_547/0319_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a0ce9efbe7c332a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 14665, "end": 14679, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 1727", "context": " 410, 108 S.Ct. 646, 98 L.Ed.2d 798 (1988) ; see also Holmes v. South Carolina , 547 U.S. 319, 326, 126 S.Ct. 1727, 164 L.Ed.2d 503 (2006).\nThe Eleventh Circuit noted this tension in United States v. Hurn , 368 F.3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 1727", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_547/0319_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "19ad3f5b2c454a1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 14681, "end": 14696, "quote": "164 L.Ed.2d 503", "context": "646, 98 L.Ed.2d 798 (1988) ; see also Holmes v. South Carolina , 547 U.S. 319, 326, 126 S.Ct. 1727, 164 L.Ed.2d 503 (2006).\nThe Eleventh Circuit noted this tension in United States v. Hurn , 368 F.3d 1359 (11th Cir.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "164 L. Ed. 2d 503", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_547/0319_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "26fe1d0c4c67f861", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 14772, "end": 14785, "quote": "368 F.3d 1359", "context": "t. 1727, 164 L.Ed.2d 503 (2006).\nThe Eleventh Circuit noted this tension in United States v. Hurn , 368 F.3d 1359 (11th Cir. 2004), and summarized four categories of evidence that courts must let defendants introd", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 F.3d 1359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "619ae193faec51fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 15910, "end": 15921, "quote": "Id. at 1363", "context": "ution in a significantly different light, such that a reasonable jury might receive it differently.\nId. at 1363 (footnote omitted; emphasis added). Hurn used the adverb \"generally\" to note that \"otherwise releva", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "368 F.3d 1359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cb2ab5c2b10fbde2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 16097, "end": 16108, "quote": "Id. at 1363", "context": "e that \"otherwise relevant evidence may sometimes validly be excluded under the Rules of Evidence.\" Id. at 1363 n.2. \"Nevertheless,\" Hurn continued, \"the fact that a particular rule of evidence requires the excl", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "46b20b92227bfb60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 16255, "end": 16258, "quote": "Id.", "context": " that a particular rule of evidence requires the exclusion of certain evidence is not dispositive.\" Id. In some situations, \"particular applications of a generally valid rule may unconstitutionally deny ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "368 F.3d 1359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d1247147388c8bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 16383, "end": 16386, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ticular applications of a generally valid rule may unconstitutionally deny a defendant his rights.\" Id.\nDr. Ghostley's testimony should have been admitted under both the second and the fourth Hurn catego", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "368 F.3d 1359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "538a620535252f6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 17103, "end": 17119, "quote": "479 F. App'x 264", "context": "ent light. Thus, it was error to exclude Dr. Ghostley's testimony. See United States v. Pemberton , 479 F. App'x 264, 268 (11th Cir. 2012) (per curiam) (holding testimony should have been admitted under both the seco", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "479 F. App'x 264", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94f9acbbd1a95a69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 18043, "end": 18060, "quote": "§ 32-5A-191(a)(1)", "context": "therefore irrelevant - does not follow. The government recognized this at trial.\nUnder Alabama Code § 32-5A-191(a)(1), no one may \"drive or be in actual physical control of any vehicle while ... [t]here is 0.08 percen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "440976604383b201", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 18213, "end": 18230, "quote": "Section 191(a)(1)", "context": "of any vehicle while ... [t]here is 0.08 percent or more by weight of alcohol in his or her blood.\" Section 191(a)(1) is an \"illegal per se law,\" meaning that it applies \"without reference to the effect that alcohol m", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "815e440ad11207c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 18363, "end": 18380, "quote": "620 So. 2d at 740", "context": "ing that it applies \"without reference to the effect that alcohol may have on the driver.\" Curren , 620 So. 2d at 740 (cleaned up). The only two elements of the crime are (1) driving, or actual physical control of a v", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "620 So. 2d 739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7c67ac1366acb48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 18559, "end": 18562, "quote": "id.", "context": "ysical control of a vehicle; and (2) a blood-alcohol concentration of 0.080 percent or greater. See id. The government need not prove that the driver was \"drunk\" or physically \"under the influence\" of al", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "620 So. 2d 739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c68edc983166d009", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 18673, "end": 18683, "quote": "id. at 742", "context": "ment need not prove that the driver was \"drunk\" or physically \"under the influence\" of alcohol. See id. at 742.\nYet physical indications of intoxication are still relevant in § 191(a)(1) cases. If, for example,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "620 So. 2d 739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed572e769f8eb9dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 18748, "end": 18759, "quote": "§ 191(a)(1)", "context": "fluence\" of alcohol. See id. at 742.\nYet physical indications of intoxication are still relevant in § 191(a)(1) cases. If, for example, a driver fails a field sobriety test, an officer may be justified in giving", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "235faec643d11e38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 18912, "end": 18927, "quote": "704 So. 2d 1034", "context": "ety test, an officer may be justified in giving that driver a breath test. See Meininger v. State , 704 So. 2d 1034, 1039 (Ala. 1997) ; Babers v. City of Tallassee , 152 F. Supp. 2d 1298, 1306 (M.D. Ala. 2001) (\"The", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "704 So. 2d 1034", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0cd0ab57b276db75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 18978, "end": 18998, "quote": "152 F. Supp. 2d 1298", "context": "th test. See Meininger v. State , 704 So. 2d 1034, 1039 (Ala. 1997) ; Babers v. City of Tallassee , 152 F. Supp. 2d 1298, 1306 (M.D. Ala. 2001) (\"The results of the field sobriety tests support a finding of probable caus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "152 F. Supp. 2d 1298", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_152/1298_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d323356b157bccca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 19334, "end": 19345, "quote": "§ 191(a)(1)", "context": "lts.\nAs the Alabama Supreme Court explained in Curren v. State , a defendant charged with violating § 191(a)(1) \"can offer to rebut the ... evidence that his blood alcohol content was [0.08 percent] when he was ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbb6528a4bcfa286", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 19461, "end": 19478, "quote": "620 So. 2d at 742", "context": "ebut the ... evidence that his blood alcohol content was [0.08 percent] when he was found driving.\" 620 So. 2d at 742. The defendant may, for example, argue that a breath test is \"incorrect since [he] did not exhibit ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "620 So. 2d 739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd44ed8677b5480c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 19687, "end": 19697, "quote": "Id. at 743", "context": "signs of intoxication consistent with having [0.08 percent] blood alcohol concentration or higher.\" Id. at 743 (cleaned up). Or he may show that the testing device \"is inaccurate.\" Id. (citation omitted). Or he", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "620 So. 2d 739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d262ce26fccb5e29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 19768, "end": 19771, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ration or higher.\" Id. at 743 (cleaned up). Or he may show that the testing device \"is inaccurate.\" Id. (citation omitted). Or he may show \"that he had not consumed enough alcohol in the relevant time to", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "620 So. 2d 739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61758a2442c31e0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 19929, "end": 19932, "quote": "Id.", "context": "med enough alcohol in the relevant time to reach the level indicated by the chemical test results.\" Id. (citation omitted). Simply put, the defendant is not always stuck with his breath test results - th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "620 So. 2d 739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d9d638ef1520cca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 20103, "end": 20117, "quote": "Ala. Code § 32", "context": " his breath test results - those results are evidence of \"the weight of alcohol in his ... blood. \" Ala. Code § 32-5A-191(a)(1) (emphasis added). If the results are inaccurate, the defendant might be not guilty.\nAt", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Ala. Code § 32", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24db0a19392f5ce1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 20113, "end": 20130, "quote": "§ 32-5A-191(a)(1)", "context": "h test results - those results are evidence of \"the weight of alcohol in his ... blood. \" Ala. Code § 32-5A-191(a)(1) (emphasis added). If the results are inaccurate, the defendant might be not guilty.\nAt trial, the g", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fdcb2b1de7c6e52b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 20676, "end": 20689, "quote": "366 Mont. 408", "context": "ts) to argue that the breath test results were accurate. (Doc. # 46, at 160-62.) See State v. Gai , 366 Mont. 408, 288 P.3d 164, 169 (2012) (affirming a per se DUI conviction despite a margin-of-error defense beca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "366 Mont. 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86f2ab2a3e83e109", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 20691, "end": 20703, "quote": "288 P.3d 164", "context": "at the breath test results were accurate. (Doc. # 46, at 160-62.) See State v. Gai , 366 Mont. 408, 288 P.3d 164, 169 (2012) (affirming a per se DUI conviction despite a margin-of-error defense because the driver", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "288 P.3d 164", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95519316f6a781fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 20858, "end": 20871, "quote": "634 A.2d 1275", "context": " a margin-of-error defense because the driver had physical signs of intoxication); State v. Weeks , 634 A.2d 1275, 1277 (Me. 1993) (same).\nBut what was good for the goose should have been good for the gander. Give", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "634 A.2d 1275", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd14a8193c08f8a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 21245, "end": 21262, "quote": "620 So. 2d at 743", "context": "ysical signs of intoxication consistent with having\" a 0.08 percent blood-alcohol content. Curren , 620 So. 2d at 743 (cleaned up). Just as evidence about the field tests could support the breath test results, evidenc", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "620 So. 2d 739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd62d4c364934c93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 22024, "end": 22040, "quote": "368 F.3d at 1364", "context": "hat collateral matter bears a sufficiently close relationship to an element of the offense.\" Hurn , 368 F.3d at 1364. Although the chain of inferences cannot be \"too long, dubious, or attenuated,\" id. at 1366, the ri", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 F.3d 1359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2e27e61786341403", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 22121, "end": 22132, "quote": "id. at 1366", "context": " , 368 F.3d at 1364. Although the chain of inferences cannot be \"too long, dubious, or attenuated,\" id. at 1366, the right applies with special force \"where the government attempts to use [the] collateral matter", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "368 F.3d 1359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "75b0c51577dad057", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 22274, "end": 22285, "quote": "id. at 1365", "context": "ere the government attempts to use [the] collateral matter as the basis for securing a conviction,\" id. at 1365.\nGiven the margin of error in the breath test results, whether Mr. Abercrombie was physically intox", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "368 F.3d 1359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1da8ca9734b57f2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 22712, "end": 22725, "quote": "129 F.3d 1209", "context": "ercrombie had the right to introduce his own evidence. To see why, consider United States v. Word , 129 F.3d 1209 (11th Cir. 1997), and United States v. Lankford , 955 F.2d 1545 (11th Cir. 1992).\nIn Word , a defen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 F.3d 1209", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_129/1209_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "87e82032ec35523d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 22776, "end": 22789, "quote": "955 F.2d 1545", "context": "y, consider United States v. Word , 129 F.3d 1209 (11th Cir. 1997), and United States v. Lankford , 955 F.2d 1545 (11th Cir. 1992).\nIn Word , a defendant named Dawn Dailey was charged with securities fraud. 129 F.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "955 F.2d 1545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/1545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e969141e16055357", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 22883, "end": 22899, "quote": "129 F.3d at 1211", "context": "d 1545 (11th Cir. 1992).\nIn Word , a defendant named Dawn Dailey was charged with securities fraud. 129 F.3d at 1211. \"At trial, the government argued that the jury could infer that Dailey willfully and knowingly com", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "129 F.3d 1209", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_129/1209_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c9cefd0545427f8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 23128, "end": 23131, "quote": "Id.", "context": "romantically involved with the man responsible for the fraudulent scheme's creation - Calvin Word.\" Id. The government specifically relied on its romantic-involvement theory in its closing argument. But ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "129 F.3d 1209", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_129/1209_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38f180b3f42b7386", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 23312, "end": 23323, "quote": "Id. at 1212", "context": "sing argument. But Dailey was not allowed to present evidence to counter the government's argument. Id. at 1212. Instead, the district court barred her from testifying \"that Word physically and emotionally abuse", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "129 F.3d 1209", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_129/1209_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "22aad44cf8aaf175", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 23479, "end": 23482, "quote": "Id.", "context": " \"that Word physically and emotionally abused her and ... did not share much information with her.\" Id. The Eleventh Circuit held that excluding testimony about Dailey's relationship with Word was revers", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "129 F.3d 1209", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_129/1209_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "063c0b7eb5464e15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 23647, "end": 23658, "quote": "Id. at 1213", "context": "s relationship with Word was reversible error - particularly given the government's trial strategy. Id. at 1213 (\"Because the government's strategy made the romantic relationship significant, that exclusion amou", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "129 F.3d 1209", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_129/1209_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "17716965dbb0ccd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 23906, "end": 23922, "quote": "955 F.2d at 1553", "context": "error.\").\nIn Lankford , the district court erred when it excluded the defendant's qualified expert. 955 F.2d at 1553. The defendant, a former political candidate, did not report a check he received during his campaig", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "955 F.2d 1545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/1545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ca44c7dc9680234a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 24101, "end": 24112, "quote": "Id. at 1547", "context": "ed during his campaign, and he was charged with willfully filing a false federal income tax return. Id. at 1547. The defendant testified that he thought the check was a gift that he did not need to report (that ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "955 F.2d 1545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/1545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "af9409981a043ef1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 24253, "end": 24264, "quote": "Id. at 1551", "context": " the check was a gift that he did not need to report (that he did not \"willfully\" violate the law). Id. at 1551. The government elicited expert testimony that the defendant should have reported the check. Id. Ye", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "955 F.2d 1545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/1545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "328f9c972c1ca02d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 24358, "end": 24361, "quote": "Id.", "context": "t 1551. The government elicited expert testimony that the defendant should have reported the check. Id. Yet the trial court excluded the defendant's expert, who would have testified that the defendant ma", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "955 F.2d 1545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/1545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0d871d93dd214647", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 24486, "end": 24489, "quote": "Id.", "context": "uded the defendant's expert, who would have testified that the defendant made a reasonable mistake. Id. The Eleventh Circuit held it was wrong to exclude the defendant's expert, an error \"compounded\" by ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "955 F.2d 1545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/1545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c07ad895ac7bb749", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 24650, "end": 24653, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ant's expert, an error \"compounded\" by the fact that the government was allowed to call its expert. Id. \"It is an abuse of discretion,\" the appellate court explained, \"to exclude the otherwise admissible", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "955 F.2d 1545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/1545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "127b3f5835072696", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 24876, "end": 24879, "quote": "Id.", "context": "xpert on a critical issue, while allowing the opinion of his adversary's expert on the same issue.\" Id. (citation omitted).\nJust like it was error to exclude evidence in Word and Lankford , it was error ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "955 F.2d 1545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_955/1545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7aa37cc0ca98d7a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 26076, "end": 26092, "quote": "368 F.3d at 1367", "context": "resentation of evidence \"might color a jury's assessment of the material facts of the case.\" Hurn , 368 F.3d at 1367. If, for example, the government's evidence \"tends\" to make \"entirely legitimate, normal, or accept", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 F.3d 1359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "df7d01ee33f2633e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 26328, "end": 26331, "quote": "Id.", "context": ",\" the defendant \"has the right to introduce additional evidence to dispel this unjustified taint.\" Id. This rule applies to Dr. Ghostley's testimony. Once again, consider two other cases.\nIn United Stat", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "368 F.3d 1359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_368/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "033e0f35e019cdef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 26444, "end": 26457, "quote": "108 F.3d 1329", "context": "plies to Dr. Ghostley's testimony. Once again, consider two other cases.\nIn United States v. Todd , 108 F.3d 1329 (11th Cir. 1997), a businessman was charged with embezzling funds from his employees' pension plan.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 F.3d 1329", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_108/1329_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0fb6d9fb8fa8e2f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 26558, "end": 26569, "quote": "Id. at 1330", "context": "(11th Cir. 1997), a businessman was charged with embezzling funds from his employees' pension plan. Id. at 1330. His defense was that his employees were \"compensated and treated so well\" that they authorized him", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "108 F.3d 1329", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_108/1329_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "59164102079614e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 26735, "end": 26746, "quote": "Id. at 1331", "context": " so well\" that they authorized him to use pension plan funds to keep the business from going under. Id. at 1331. The district court excluded evidence that employees wanted the defendant to save the business, but", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "108 F.3d 1329", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_108/1329_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ef85e1c8fb991545", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 27070, "end": 27073, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e government argued that \"it simply defies logic to think that the employees would authorize this.\" Id. (emphasis omitted). The Eleventh Circuit reversed on appeal. Especially given the government's argu", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "108 F.3d 1329", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_108/1329_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "135b14e8fd80d3d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 27296, "end": 27307, "quote": "id. at 1334", "context": "court reasoned, the defendant should have been allowed to present evidence about his employees. See id. at 1334.\nIn United States v. Sheffield , 992 F.2d 1164, 1166 (11th Cir. 1993), a civilian who worked on a m", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "108 F.3d 1329", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_108/1329_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d97540754ce3c6ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 27341, "end": 27354, "quote": "992 F.2d 1164", "context": "n allowed to present evidence about his employees. See id. at 1334.\nIn United States v. Sheffield , 992 F.2d 1164, 1166 (11th Cir. 1993), a civilian who worked on a military base was charged with embezzling govern", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "992 F.2d 1164", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_992/1164_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "851f6c1497c0df05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 27681, "end": 27692, "quote": "Id. at 1167", "context": "luded from introducing evidence that the base had a custom of making fishing gear retirement gifts. Id. at 1167. The Eleventh Circuit reversed, explaining that evidence of that custom would have put the defendan", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "992 F.2d 1164", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_992/1164_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "999aac86a4e54f3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 27879, "end": 27890, "quote": "id. at 1170", "context": " the defendant's actions in a different light and would have been relevant to his mental state. See id. at 1170 (\"Without this evidence of the gift making custom, production of fishing lure molds on a [military ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "992 F.2d 1164", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_992/1164_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e966fd2ff74cf650", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 28287, "end": 28303, "quote": "108 F.3d at 1334", "context": "'s demeanor was evidence of intoxication. The government relied on that during rebuttal. See Todd , 108 F.3d at 1334 (\"Perhaps, the most convincing reason that the evidence is relevant are the comments made by the go", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "108 F.3d 1329", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_108/1329_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "681376ced268ac6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 29209, "end": 29222, "quote": "387 F.3d 1244", "context": "expert testimony, trial judges must be careful to consider Rule 403. See United States v. Frazier , 387 F.3d 1244, 1263 (11th Cir. 2004) (en banc) (\"Simply put, expert testimony may be assigned talismanic signific", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "387 F.3d 1244", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_387/1244_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ce4a95eddc6217b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 29585, "end": 29596, "quote": "Id. at 1272", "context": "\"). Trial judges serve a vital gatekeeping function, and a defendant is bound by evidentiary rules. Id. at 1272. For example, a defendant has no right to introduce unreliable \"expert\" testimony. Id. at 1271-72.\n", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "387 F.3d 1244", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_387/1244_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "10b1185ed8a83a4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 29680, "end": 29694, "quote": "Id. at 1271-72", "context": "les. Id. at 1272. For example, a defendant has no right to introduce unreliable \"expert\" testimony. Id. at 1271-72.\nAt the same time, however, \"a district court's discretion to exclude evidence under Rule 403 is na", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "387 F.3d 1244", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_387/1244_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c54cc97358b87d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 29855, "end": 29868, "quote": "769 F.3d 1063", "context": "o exclude evidence under Rule 403 is narrowly circumscribed.\" Aycock v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. , 769 F.3d 1063, 1069 (11th Cir. 2014) (cleaned up). A court may exclude relevant evidence under Rule 403 only if i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "769 F.3d 1063", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_769/1063_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54502a7a0d412158", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 30158, "end": 30170, "quote": "885 F.2d 775", "context": "ty inquiry, and the balance \"should be struck in favor of admissibility.\" United States v. Elkins , 885 F.2d 775, 784 (11th Cir. 1989) ; see Aycock , 769 F.3d at 1069 (instructing courts to \"look at the evidence ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "885 F.2d 775", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_885/0775_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "039784f7f27d2d77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 30208, "end": 30224, "quote": "769 F.3d at 1069", "context": "avor of admissibility.\" United States v. Elkins , 885 F.2d 775, 784 (11th Cir. 1989) ; see Aycock , 769 F.3d at 1069 (instructing courts to \"look at the evidence in a light most favorable to admission\") (citation omi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "769 F.3d 1063", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_769/1063_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "597664a929596f70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 30511, "end": 30524, "quote": "576 F.3d 1195", "context": "ults in the exclusion of concededly probative evidence.\" United States v. US Infrastructure, Inc. , 576 F.3d 1195, 1211 (11th Cir. 2009).\nA decision to exclude relevant evidence under Rule 403 is reviewed for abus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "576 F.3d 1195", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_576/1195_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "562d8cd51bde2389", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 30729, "end": 30745, "quote": "769 F.3d at 1069", "context": "discretion, and it is an abuse of discretion to incorrectly or unreasonably apply the law. Aycock , 769 F.3d at 1069. Based on the record, it was an abuse of discretion to exclude Dr. Ghostley's testimony before tria", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "769 F.3d 1063", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_769/1063_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "26ffa78b48db94ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 32011, "end": 32027, "quote": "129 F.3d at 1211", "context": "ry to corroborate the breath test results based on Mr. Abercrombie's physical condition. See Word , 129 F.3d at 1211 (stressing that the government's closing argument relied on evidence the defendant was not permitte", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "129 F.3d 1209", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_129/1209_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2699c3a3c6b8c282", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 32147, "end": 32163, "quote": "108 F.3d at 1331", "context": " government's closing argument relied on evidence the defendant was not permitted to rebut); Todd , 108 F.3d at 1331 (same). Thus, it was an abuse of discretion to exclude Dr. Ghostley's testimony.\nE. The court is no", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "108 F.3d 1329", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_108/1329_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b7d182c09f04d9c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 32517, "end": 32530, "quote": "795 F.3d 1297", "context": "e error was \"harmless beyond a reasonable doubt,\" his conviction stands. United States v. Willner , 795 F.3d 1297, 1321 (11th Cir. 2015) (quoting Chapman v. California , 386 U.S. 18, 24, 87 S.Ct. 824, 17 L.Ed.2d 7", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "795 F.3d 1297", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_795/1297_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d8cb273a4b1a6358", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 32587, "end": 32598, "quote": "386 U.S. 18", "context": "s. United States v. Willner , 795 F.3d 1297, 1321 (11th Cir. 2015) (quoting Chapman v. California , 386 U.S. 18, 24, 87 S.Ct. 824, 17 L.Ed.2d 705 (1967) ). But if there is a reasonable doubt about whether the re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "386 U.S. 18", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c9f41a7c13bf265", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 32604, "end": 32616, "quote": "87 S.Ct. 824", "context": "v. Willner , 795 F.3d 1297, 1321 (11th Cir. 2015) (quoting Chapman v. California , 386 U.S. 18, 24, 87 S.Ct. 824, 17 L.Ed.2d 705 (1967) ). But if there is a reasonable doubt about whether the result would have be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 S. Ct. 824", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4b70e38cf0d16f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 32618, "end": 32632, "quote": "17 L.Ed.2d 705", "context": "95 F.3d 1297, 1321 (11th Cir. 2015) (quoting Chapman v. California , 386 U.S. 18, 24, 87 S.Ct. 824, 17 L.Ed.2d 705 (1967) ). But if there is a reasonable doubt about whether the result would have been the same, his", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 L. Ed. 2d 705", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2441715fec7fb68a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 32790, "end": 32803, "quote": "141 F.3d 1042", "context": "r the result would have been the same, his conviction must be vacated. United States v. Hernandez , 141 F.3d 1042, 1050 (11th Cir. 1998). The government has not made any arguments about harmlessness. And based on ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "141 F.3d 1042", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_141/1042_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a11c034f778acde7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 34144, "end": 34157, "quote": "576 F.2d 1152", "context": "ce that suggests the government thought it had to shore up its case. See United States v. Edwards , 576 F.2d 1152, 1155 (5th Cir. 1978) ; cf. United States v. Hands , 184 F.3d 1322, 1332 (11th Cir. 1999) (\"When as", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "576 F.2d 1152", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_576/1152_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0f08955c2be2366", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 34211, "end": 34224, "quote": "184 F.3d 1322", "context": ". See United States v. Edwards , 576 F.2d 1152, 1155 (5th Cir. 1978) ; cf. United States v. Hands , 184 F.3d 1322, 1332 (11th Cir. 1999) (\"When assessing the effect of the evidentiary error upon the case as a whol", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "184 F.3d 1322", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_184/1322_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae58e0c2107b7090", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 34543, "end": 34556, "quote": "173 F.3d 1312", "context": "convict Mr. Abercrombie, that does not mean the error was harmless. See United States v. Marshall , 173 F.3d 1312, 1318 & n.15 (11th Cir. 1999). In short, the court cannot say beyond a reasonable doubt that the er", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "173 F.3d 1312", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_173/1312_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e5569cca648a7da3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 35889, "end": 35892, "quote": "§ 2", "context": "it was 0.10 percent. The limit was later reduced to 0.08 percent. See Act of Aug. 9, 1995, No. 784, § 2, 1995 Ala. Laws 1862, 1864.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "646f74915db07907", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp-3d/volume_385/1203_01/index.html", "start": 35894, "end": 35913, "quote": "1995 Ala. Laws 1862", "context": "s 0.10 percent. The limit was later reduced to 0.08 percent. See Act of Aug. 9, 1995, No. 784, § 2, 1995 Ala. Laws 1862, 1864.\n", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "1995 Ala. Laws 1862", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c034faef7204a11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_108/0640_01/index.html", "start": 9769, "end": 9781, "quote": "342 U.S. 524", "context": "ws :\n“10. On March 10, 1952, the United States Supreme Court decided the case of Carlson v. Landon, 342 U.S. 524, 72 S.Ct. 525, wherein it held that ‘when in the judgment of the Attorney General an alien Communis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "342 U.S. 524", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f639ff246421fba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_108/0640_01/index.html", "start": 9783, "end": 9795, "quote": "72 S.Ct. 525", "context": "arch 10, 1952, the United States Supreme Court decided the case of Carlson v. Landon, 342 U.S. 524, 72 S.Ct. 525, wherein it held that ‘when in the judgment of the Attorney General an alien Communist may so condu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 S. Ct. 525", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e1708edae00f91e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_108/0640_01/index.html", "start": 10085, "end": 10091, "quote": "supra,", "context": "rld communist movement, that alien may be detained.’\n“11. After the decision in Carlson, v. Landon, supra, the records and files of the Immigration and Naturalization Service relating to this relator were e", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fdaab99ba6f7718f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_108/0640_01/index.html", "start": 13976, "end": 13988, "quote": "64 Stat. 987", "context": "n the amounts on which prior to October 24, 1952, they were respectively at large.\n•Submit order.\n. 64 Stat. 987.\n. U. S. ex rel. Klig v. Shauglmessy, D.C. S.D.N.Y., 94 F.Supp. 157.\n. So far -as appears, -no furt", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "64 Stat. 987", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2212f0fb8317d7dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_108/0640_01/index.html", "start": 14042, "end": 14056, "quote": "94 F.Supp. 157", "context": "tively at large.\n•Submit order.\n. 64 Stat. 987.\n. U. S. ex rel. Klig v. Shauglmessy, D.C. S.D.N.Y., 94 F.Supp. 157.\n. So far -as appears, -no further hearings have been held.\n. Carlson v. Landon, 342 U.S. 524, 541,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 F. Supp. 157", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_94/0157_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9d59273297074772", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_108/0640_01/index.html", "start": 14138, "end": 14150, "quote": "342 U.S. 524", "context": "Y., 94 F.Supp. 157.\n. So far -as appears, -no further hearings have been held.\n. Carlson v. Landon, 342 U.S. 524, 541, 72 S.Ct. 525, 534.\n. This is the language of the returns.\n. These paragraphs are taken from t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "342 U.S. 524", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8fe06201792aa824", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_108/0640_01/index.html", "start": 14157, "end": 14169, "quote": "72 S.Ct. 525", "context": "\n. So far -as appears, -no further hearings have been held.\n. Carlson v. Landon, 342 U.S. 524, 541, 72 S.Ct. 525, 534.\n. This is the language of the returns.\n. These paragraphs are taken from the return to Schnei", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 S. Ct. 525", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27127136cb6618b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_108/0640_01/index.html", "start": 14436, "end": 14442, "quote": "supra.", "context": ". Schneider’s deportation hearing was reopened for further testimony on Party membership. See p. 6, supra.\n. 342 U.S. at page 541, 72 S.Ct. at page 535.\n", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66ce2a3a6a894062", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_108/0640_01/index.html", "start": 14445, "end": 14465, "quote": "342 U.S. at page 541", "context": "er’s deportation hearing was reopened for further testimony on Party membership. See p. 6, supra.\n. 342 U.S. at page 541, 72 S.Ct. at page 535.\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "342 U.S. 524", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33bce0ebbd567d71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_108/0640_01/index.html", "start": 14467, "end": 14487, "quote": "72 S.Ct. at page 535", "context": "ng was reopened for further testimony on Party membership. See p. 6, supra.\n. 342 U.S. at page 541, 72 S.Ct. at page 535.\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "72 S. Ct. 525", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9acf5fd9f7f2a381", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_141/0377_01/index.html", "start": 3161, "end": 3172, "quote": "60 N.M. 479", "context": " distinguishable from the present case, a recent New Mexico Supreme Court decision, Hobbs v. Irwin, 60 N.M. 479, 292 P.2d 779, held that even though the guest is not in the host’s automobile at'the time of the i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 N.M. 479", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "668fc194ec0510fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_141/0377_01/index.html", "start": 3174, "end": 3186, "quote": "292 P.2d 779", "context": "ble from the present case, a recent New Mexico Supreme Court decision, Hobbs v. Irwin, 60 N.M. 479, 292 P.2d 779, held that even though the guest is not in the host’s automobile at'the time of the injury, if the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "292 P.2d 779", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1230b1a36f8e5a5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_141/0377_01/index.html", "start": 3577, "end": 3590, "quote": "302 Mass. 273", "context": "s certainly incidental to the actual transportation.\nA decision from Massachusetts, Head v. Morton, 302 Mass. 273, 19 N.E.2d 22, 25, appears to be particularly in point. The plaintiff in that case had a hand on th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "302 Mass. 273", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f395b0b4f9a65d42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_141/0377_01/index.html", "start": 3592, "end": 3604, "quote": "19 N.E.2d 22", "context": "idental to the actual transportation.\nA decision from Massachusetts, Head v. Morton, 302 Mass. 273, 19 N.E.2d 22, 25, appears to be particularly in point. The plaintiff in that case had a hand on the door of the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 N.E.2d 22", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "930c576bf85b18a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_141/0377_01/index.html", "start": 5224, "end": 5236, "quote": "111 Conn. 88", "context": "at the automobile has not started to move' is not the controlling circumstance. Nemoitin v. Berger, 111 Conn. 88, 149 A. 233.\nFrom the wording of the guest statute itself, and from the interpretation put upon the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 Conn. 88", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fba095a6f9de797f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_141/0377_01/index.html", "start": 5238, "end": 5248, "quote": "149 A. 233", "context": "ile has not started to move' is not the controlling circumstance. Nemoitin v. Berger, 111 Conn. 88, 149 A. 233.\nFrom the wording of the guest statute itself, and from the interpretation put upon the statute by ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "149 A. 233", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95ff6cfedf3a9cda", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_190/0857_01/index.html", "start": 472, "end": 489, "quote": "45 U.S.C.A. § 151", "context": "s, individually and collectively, have violated rights accruing to him under the Railway Labor Act, 45 U.S.C.A. § 151 et seq., as well as under the Constitution. As plaintiff claims the amount in controversy is over $", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "45 U.S.C. § 151", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2182641fb95039c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_190/0857_01/index.html", "start": 701, "end": 713, "quote": "Section 1331", "context": "hat his cause of action is based upon Federal law, the court understands that jurisdiction is under Section 1331 of Title 28 U.S.C. All defendants have appeared by counsel and no issue is raised as to venue.\nPlai", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cccd0f1efe478378", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_190/0857_01/index.html", "start": 8441, "end": 8452, "quote": "355 U.S. 41", "context": " represented themselves and other members of a class. The Supreme Court decision Conley v. Gibson,. 355 U.S. 41, 78 S.Ct. 99, 2 L.Ed.2d 80, and a more recent decision, Cunningham v. Erie Railroad Company, 2 Cir.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "355 U.S. 41", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c83f643ccb288db7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_190/0857_01/index.html", "start": 8454, "end": 8465, "quote": "78 S.Ct. 99", "context": "themselves and other members of a class. The Supreme Court decision Conley v. Gibson,. 355 U.S. 41, 78 S.Ct. 99, 2 L.Ed.2d 80, and a more recent decision, Cunningham v. Erie Railroad Company, 2 Cir., 266 F.2d 41", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 S. Ct. 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d70ddb8e67f449a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_190/0857_01/index.html", "start": 8467, "end": 8479, "quote": "2 L.Ed.2d 80", "context": "d other members of a class. The Supreme Court decision Conley v. Gibson,. 355 U.S. 41, 78 S.Ct. 99, 2 L.Ed.2d 80, and a more recent decision, Cunningham v. Erie Railroad Company, 2 Cir., 266 F.2d 411, are authori", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 L. Ed. 2d 80", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f777d2600db905bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_190/0857_01/index.html", "start": 8554, "end": 8566, "quote": "266 F.2d 411", "context": "78 S.Ct. 99, 2 L.Ed.2d 80, and a more recent decision, Cunningham v. Erie Railroad Company, 2 Cir., 266 F.2d 411, are authority for the proposition that plaintiff may maintain this action. It is believed that no ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "266 F.2d 411", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_266/0411_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "88e2f24832f383b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_190/0857_01/index.html", "start": 8853, "end": 8865, "quote": "275 F.2d 342", "context": "Cunningham cases. Defendants urge that Gainey v. Brotherhood of Railway & Steamship Clerks, 3 Cir., 275 F.2d 342, requires that the complaint be dismissed for failure on the part of plaintiff to exhaust the griev", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "275 F.2d 342", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_275/0342_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8c255d305d58f082", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_202/0434_01/index.html", "start": 243, "end": 255, "quote": "Section 1346", "context": " and wrongfully collected by the Internal Revenue Service. The complaint alleges jurisdiction under Section 1346 (a) (1) of Title 28 of the United States Code. The Government has filed a motion “to dismiss the co", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "726377639ded19e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_202/0434_01/index.html", "start": 919, "end": 931, "quote": "Section 3313", "context": " claim for refund. These facts are not in dispute.\nThe taxpayer, in his brief, refers this Court to Section 3313 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, 26 U.S.C.A. § 3313, which requires the taxpayer to file a cla", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "19b5fe969b65cb15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_202/0434_01/index.html", "start": 970, "end": 988, "quote": "26 U.S.C.A. § 3313", "context": "The taxpayer, in his brief, refers this Court to Section 3313 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, 26 U.S.C.A. § 3313, which requires the taxpayer to file a claim for refund within four years of the date of collection", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3313", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0979f8eb675df11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_202/0434_01/index.html", "start": 1205, "end": 1217, "quote": "Section 6511", "context": "uld seem to preserve the taxpayer’s claim here. However, the Government, in its brief, refers us to Section 6511 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, 26 U.S. C.A. § 6511, which requires the taxpayer to file a cl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e14e65db7c6e652a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_202/0434_01/index.html", "start": 1256, "end": 1275, "quote": "26 U.S. C.A. § 6511", "context": "ever, the Government, in its brief, refers us to Section 6511 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, 26 U.S. C.A. § 6511, which requires the taxpayer to file a claim for refund within three years from the time the return", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6788bb64bce93876", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_202/0434_01/index.html", "start": 1558, "end": 1570, "quote": "Section 7851", "context": " allegation of any filing of a return.) Crucial to the issue here, the Government also refers us to Section 7851 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 dealing with the effective date of that Code. Section 7851 mak", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d89be61f2f81d9a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_202/0434_01/index.html", "start": 1654, "end": 1666, "quote": "Section 7851", "context": " to Section 7851 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 dealing with the effective date of that Code. Section 7851 makes the shorter period of limitations effective January 1, 1955. Therefore, it is apparent that a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d428207c1d37d621", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_202/0434_01/index.html", "start": 2221, "end": 2232, "quote": "84 F.2d 914", "context": "ve jurisdictional requirements, to be pleaded by the plaintiff. United States v. Chicago Golf Club, 84 F.2d 914 (7 Cir. 1936).\nTherefore, the Government’s motion to dismiss so much of the claim as related to the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 F.2d 914", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_84/0914_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "63680c00279a1d07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 750, "end": 758, "quote": "§ 402(a)", "context": "ed not perform certain specific freight forwarding duties which the plaintiffs urge are required by § 402(a) of the Interstate Commerce Act. 56 Stat. 284 (1942), 49 U.S.C.A. § 1002(a) (5). It is argued that t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9fbd906ca29c9b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 791, "end": 803, "quote": "56 Stat. 284", "context": "orwarding duties which the plaintiffs urge are required by § 402(a) of the Interstate Commerce Act. 56 Stat. 284 (1942), 49 U.S.C.A. § 1002(a) (5). It is argued that the freight forwarders under this tariff thus ", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "56 Stat. 284", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae79f2eb7c1f7529", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 812, "end": 833, "quote": "49 U.S.C.A. § 1002(a)", "context": "h the plaintiffs urge are required by § 402(a) of the Interstate Commerce Act. 56 Stat. 284 (1942), 49 U.S.C.A. § 1002(a) (5). It is argued that the freight forwarders under this tariff thus illegally enter into destructi", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ccf21a8645fa29f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 2090, "end": 2102, "quote": "281 U.S. 479", "context": "fferent basis from standing to sue in this court. See Pittsburgh & W. Va. Ry. Co. v. United States, 281 U.S. 479, 50 S.Ct. 378, 74 L.Ed. 980 (1930). The essence of any litigant’s qualification to sue is his susce", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "281 U.S. 479", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d11f33a3978ffb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 2104, "end": 2116, "quote": "50 S.Ct. 378", "context": "from standing to sue in this court. See Pittsburgh & W. Va. Ry. Co. v. United States, 281 U.S. 479, 50 S.Ct. 378, 74 L.Ed. 980 (1930). The essence of any litigant’s qualification to sue is his susceptibility to i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 S. Ct. 378", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08db9ce95a34394e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 2118, "end": 2130, "quote": "74 L.Ed. 980", "context": "to sue in this court. See Pittsburgh & W. Va. Ry. Co. v. United States, 281 U.S. 479, 50 S.Ct. 378, 74 L.Ed. 980 (1930). The essence of any litigant’s qualification to sue is his susceptibility to injury in a leg", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 L. Ed. 980", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28a4cd76792aed2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3527, "end": 3539, "quote": "263 U.S. 143", "context": "om normal non-discriminatory competitive patterns. See Hines Yellow Pine Trustees v. United States, 263 U.S. 143, 44 S.Ct. 72, 68 L.Ed. 216 (1923); Alexander Sprunt & Son, Inc. v. United States, 281 U.S. 249, 50 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "263 U.S. 143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59fb72d106613405", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3541, "end": 3552, "quote": "44 S.Ct. 72", "context": "discriminatory competitive patterns. See Hines Yellow Pine Trustees v. United States, 263 U.S. 143, 44 S.Ct. 72, 68 L.Ed. 216 (1923); Alexander Sprunt & Son, Inc. v. United States, 281 U.S. 249, 50 S. Ct. 315, 7", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 S. Ct. 72", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae188e94cc7e3c56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3554, "end": 3566, "quote": "68 L.Ed. 216", "context": "y competitive patterns. See Hines Yellow Pine Trustees v. United States, 263 U.S. 143, 44 S.Ct. 72, 68 L.Ed. 216 (1923); Alexander Sprunt & Son, Inc. v. United States, 281 U.S. 249, 50 S. Ct. 315, 74 L.Ed. 832 (1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 L. Ed. 216", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e22c09d2785d6fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3622, "end": 3634, "quote": "281 U.S. 249", "context": "tes, 263 U.S. 143, 44 S.Ct. 72, 68 L.Ed. 216 (1923); Alexander Sprunt & Son, Inc. v. United States, 281 U.S. 249, 50 S. Ct. 315, 74 L.Ed. 832 (1930).\nWe do not find Associated Industries of New York State v. Icke", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "281 U.S. 249", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "356af090f1dfbc96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3636, "end": 3649, "quote": "50 S. Ct. 315", "context": "143, 44 S.Ct. 72, 68 L.Ed. 216 (1923); Alexander Sprunt & Son, Inc. v. United States, 281 U.S. 249, 50 S. Ct. 315, 74 L.Ed. 832 (1930).\nWe do not find Associated Industries of New York State v. Ickes, 134 F.2d 694", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 S. Ct. 315", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54958269f03a5b84", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3651, "end": 3663, "quote": "74 L.Ed. 832", "context": "2, 68 L.Ed. 216 (1923); Alexander Sprunt & Son, Inc. v. United States, 281 U.S. 249, 50 S. Ct. 315, 74 L.Ed. 832 (1930).\nWe do not find Associated Industries of New York State v. Ickes, 134 F.2d 694 (2d Cir. 1943", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 L. Ed. 832", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c1189c136e4b3c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3737, "end": 3749, "quote": "134 F.2d 694", "context": "0 S. Ct. 315, 74 L.Ed. 832 (1930).\nWe do not find Associated Industries of New York State v. Ickes, 134 F.2d 694 (2d Cir. 1943), dismissed as moot, 320 U.S. 707, 64 S.Ct. 74, 88 L.Ed. 414, persuasive or applicabl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 F.2d 694", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_134/0694_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "79cf1a8babcd6aec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3785, "end": 3797, "quote": "320 U.S. 707", "context": "d Associated Industries of New York State v. Ickes, 134 F.2d 694 (2d Cir. 1943), dismissed as moot, 320 U.S. 707, 64 S.Ct. 74, 88 L.Ed. 414, persuasive or applicable authority to the contrary. There the Bituminou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "320 U.S. 707", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18ccf79169c8be25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3799, "end": 3810, "quote": "64 S.Ct. 74", "context": "ndustries of New York State v. Ickes, 134 F.2d 694 (2d Cir. 1943), dismissed as moot, 320 U.S. 707, 64 S.Ct. 74, 88 L.Ed. 414, persuasive or applicable authority to the contrary. There the Bituminous Coal Act of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 S. Ct. 74", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ce1a3aae6e6a266", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3812, "end": 3824, "quote": "88 L.Ed. 414", "context": "New York State v. Ickes, 134 F.2d 694 (2d Cir. 1943), dismissed as moot, 320 U.S. 707, 64 S.Ct. 74, 88 L.Ed. 414, persuasive or applicable authority to the contrary. There the Bituminous Coal Act of 1937 accorded", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 L. Ed. 414", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bfb9d0069d12ff0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4285, "end": 4300, "quote": "134 F.2d at 702", "context": "ordinarily required in injunction suits to restrain actions by officials alleged to be unlawful * * 134 F.2d at 702. (Emphasis added.) The present plaintiffs have brought an injunction suit against the United States", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "134 F.2d 694", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_134/0694_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e1e928485319985", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4545, "end": 4559, "quote": "192 F.Supp. 12", "context": "inarily apply” are the requirements to be met. See Utah Citizens Rate Ass'n v. United States, D.C., 192 F.Supp. 12 (1960). Neither Eastern Express, Inc. v. United States, D.C., 198 F.Supp. 256 (1961), aff’d, 369 U.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "192 F. Supp. 12", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_192/0012_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "925be2af83cc3308", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4622, "end": 4637, "quote": "198 F.Supp. 256", "context": ". United States, D.C., 192 F.Supp. 12 (1960). Neither Eastern Express, Inc. v. United States, D.C., 198 F.Supp. 256 (1961), aff’d, 369 U.S. 37, 82 S.Ct. 640, 7 L.Ed.2d 548 (1962), nor American Trucking Ass’ns v. Uni", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "198 F. Supp. 256", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0256_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c93e1d9225cdc6be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4653, "end": 4664, "quote": "369 U.S. 37", "context": "pp. 12 (1960). Neither Eastern Express, Inc. v. United States, D.C., 198 F.Supp. 256 (1961), aff’d, 369 U.S. 37, 82 S.Ct. 640, 7 L.Ed.2d 548 (1962), nor American Trucking Ass’ns v. United States, 364 U.S. 1, 80 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "369 U.S. 37", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eecff8bbc191d14a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4666, "end": 4678, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 640", "context": ". Neither Eastern Express, Inc. v. United States, D.C., 198 F.Supp. 256 (1961), aff’d, 369 U.S. 37, 82 S.Ct. 640, 7 L.Ed.2d 548 (1962), nor American Trucking Ass’ns v. United States, 364 U.S. 1, 80 S.Ct. 1570, 4 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 640", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c2c999f7fa302f0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4680, "end": 4693, "quote": "7 L.Ed.2d 548", "context": "ern Express, Inc. v. United States, D.C., 198 F.Supp. 256 (1961), aff’d, 369 U.S. 37, 82 S.Ct. 640, 7 L.Ed.2d 548 (1962), nor American Trucking Ass’ns v. United States, 364 U.S. 1, 80 S.Ct. 1570, 4 L.Ed.2d 1527 (1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 L. Ed. 2d 548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c82fcee9c330f7cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4749, "end": 4759, "quote": "364 U.S. 1", "context": "’d, 369 U.S. 37, 82 S.Ct. 640, 7 L.Ed.2d 548 (1962), nor American Trucking Ass’ns v. United States, 364 U.S. 1, 80 S.Ct. 1570, 4 L.Ed.2d 1527 (1960), bar this conclusion, since in both cases the plaintiffs were", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "364 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db30056a6a9c227e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4761, "end": 4774, "quote": "80 S.Ct. 1570", "context": " 37, 82 S.Ct. 640, 7 L.Ed.2d 548 (1962), nor American Trucking Ass’ns v. United States, 364 U.S. 1, 80 S.Ct. 1570, 4 L.Ed.2d 1527 (1960), bar this conclusion, since in both cases the plaintiffs were comprised of i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 S. Ct. 1570", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75d78ad32d51cdaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4776, "end": 4790, "quote": "4 L.Ed.2d 1527", "context": "40, 7 L.Ed.2d 548 (1962), nor American Trucking Ass’ns v. United States, 364 U.S. 1, 80 S.Ct. 1570, 4 L.Ed.2d 1527 (1960), bar this conclusion, since in both cases the plaintiffs were comprised of individual carrie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 L. Ed. 2d 1527", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6c5127002b90d7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 5070, "end": 5086, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2323", "context": "sue, as did the individual carriers there, it is immaterial under the liberal intervention statute, 28 U.S.C. § 2323, that the remaining association plaintiffs might not have had standing to originally bring suit. Se", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2323", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87720e5d568b0806", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 5224, "end": 5239, "quote": "176 F.Supp. 411", "context": "tiffs might not have had standing to originally bring suit. See Arrow Transp. Co. v. United States, 176 F.Supp. 411 (D.C.Ala.1959), aff’d., 361 U.S. 353, 80 S.Ct. 406, 4 L.Ed.2d 362 (1960).\nAssuming, arguendo, we ar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 F. Supp. 411", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_176/0411_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5fac652a64f61e7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 5264, "end": 5276, "quote": "361 U.S. 353", "context": "ginally bring suit. See Arrow Transp. Co. v. United States, 176 F.Supp. 411 (D.C.Ala.1959), aff’d., 361 U.S. 353, 80 S.Ct. 406, 4 L.Ed.2d 362 (1960).\nAssuming, arguendo, we are in error on the issue of standing, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "361 U.S. 353", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2e3180d2d4a50a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 5278, "end": 5290, "quote": "80 S.Ct. 406", "context": "suit. See Arrow Transp. Co. v. United States, 176 F.Supp. 411 (D.C.Ala.1959), aff’d., 361 U.S. 353, 80 S.Ct. 406, 4 L.Ed.2d 362 (1960).\nAssuming, arguendo, we are in error on the issue of standing, the importance", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 S. Ct. 406", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6b2da88385ae05f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 5292, "end": 5305, "quote": "4 L.Ed.2d 362", "context": "w Transp. Co. v. United States, 176 F.Supp. 411 (D.C.Ala.1959), aff’d., 361 U.S. 353, 80 S.Ct. 406, 4 L.Ed.2d 362 (1960).\nAssuming, arguendo, we are in error on the issue of standing, the importance of the case su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 L. Ed. 2d 362", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dec5dc142a793021", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 5583, "end": 5597, "quote": "Section 402(a)", "context": "e our views on the substantive as well as the jurisdictional issue, for whatever that may be worth.\nSection 402(a) (5) of the Interstate Commerce Act, 49 U.S.C.A. § 1002(a) (5) describes a freight forwarder as\n“any", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec29bb27cfbd1edb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 5634, "end": 5655, "quote": "49 U.S.C.A. § 1002(a)", "context": "dictional issue, for whatever that may be worth.\nSection 402(a) (5) of the Interstate Commerce Act, 49 U.S.C.A. § 1002(a) (5) describes a freight forwarder as\n“any person which * * * (other than a motor, rail or water car", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b3c855fb16b0700", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 5792, "end": 5799, "quote": "the Act", "context": "\n“any person which * * * (other than a motor, rail or water carrier subject to Part I, II or III of the Act) holds itself out to the general public as a common carrier to transport or provide transportation ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8343f59d6bf9f54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 8023, "end": 8035, "quote": "336 U.S. 465", "context": "e the consolidated load. See Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pac. R. Co. v. Acme Fast Freight, Inc., 336 U.S. 465, 69 S.Ct. 692, 93 L.Ed. 817 (1949).\nAs plaintiffs urge, it is quite true that the forwarders usuall", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "336 U.S. 465", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be4d2bd21733cae5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 8037, "end": 8049, "quote": "69 S.Ct. 692", "context": "ated load. See Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pac. R. Co. v. Acme Fast Freight, Inc., 336 U.S. 465, 69 S.Ct. 692, 93 L.Ed. 817 (1949).\nAs plaintiffs urge, it is quite true that the forwarders usually and in the o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 S. Ct. 692", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3dfb123937c6c16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 8051, "end": 8063, "quote": "93 L.Ed. 817", "context": " Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pac. R. Co. v. Acme Fast Freight, Inc., 336 U.S. 465, 69 S.Ct. 692, 93 L.Ed. 817 (1949).\nAs plaintiffs urge, it is quite true that the forwarders usually and in the ordinary course", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 817", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4451771498b536df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 10529, "end": 10534, "quote": "§ 402", "context": "t have performed, in the literal sense, all the steps outlined for freight forwarding operations by § 402 (a) (5). The forwarder’s service in such case is limited to making shipping arrangements such as se", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7454d88180e65d59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 11642, "end": 11656, "quote": "311 I.C.C. 775", "context": "pounds which the re-r spondent’s experience indicates can be loaded in one car of mixed shipments.” 311 I.C.C. 775. Indeed, profit for the freight forwarder lies precisely in the utility of such consolidation. Thus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "311 I.C.C. 775", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a11e02bbe6acdfaf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 12176, "end": 12183, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ion and distribution is not so seriously nor so frequently at variance with the literal language of the Act as to outweigh the benefit to the shipping public which the operation of the 20,000-30,000 pound ta", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28e0860bb75bd4eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 12431, "end": 12438, "quote": "the Act", "context": " our view defendants will continue to hold themselves out as freight forwarders within the terms of the Act under this reduced rate schedule even though in a precise sense they may not ■break-bulk or distrib", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b69b1d24f9c83487", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 14593, "end": 14607, "quote": "311 I.C.C. 775", "context": "the same aggregate weight, the shipping public should receive the benefits flowing from that fact.” 311 I.C.C. 775. On the other hand, no destructive competitive effects appear of a proportion to offset the benefit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "311 I.C.C. 775", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3261cfeb2ef57186", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 15542, "end": 15556, "quote": "306 I.C.C. 535", "context": ". 6993 (Eighth Supplemental Order), Forwarder Volume Commodity Rates, Transcontinental, reported at 306 I.C.C. 535 and upon reconsideration at 311 I.C.C. 773.\n. Acme Fast Freight, Inc., International Forwarding Com", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "306 I.C.C. 535", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "678c217d14f89e5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 15585, "end": 15599, "quote": "311 I.C.C. 773", "context": "er Volume Commodity Rates, Transcontinental, reported at 306 I.C.C. 535 and upon reconsideration at 311 I.C.C. 773.\n. Acme Fast Freight, Inc., International Forwarding Company, Inc., Merchants Shippers Association,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "311 I.C.C. 773", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52a3745b2fc80925", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 15994, "end": 16006, "quote": "309 U.S. 470", "context": "and Westland Forwarding Co.\n. See Federal Communications Commission v. Sanders Bros. Radio Station, 309 U.S. 470, 642, 60 S.Ct. 693, 84 L.Ed. 869 (1940); Scripps-Howard Radio, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "309 U.S. 470", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5f39b85f44f2f2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 16013, "end": 16025, "quote": "60 S.Ct. 693", "context": "ding Co.\n. See Federal Communications Commission v. Sanders Bros. Radio Station, 309 U.S. 470, 642, 60 S.Ct. 693, 84 L.Ed. 869 (1940); Scripps-Howard Radio, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission, 316 U.S. 4, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 S. Ct. 693", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbf1350aaf49f20c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 16027, "end": 16039, "quote": "84 L.Ed. 869", "context": " Federal Communications Commission v. Sanders Bros. Radio Station, 309 U.S. 470, 642, 60 S.Ct. 693, 84 L.Ed. 869 (1940); Scripps-Howard Radio, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission, 316 U.S. 4, 62 S.Ct. 875, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 L. Ed. 869", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a9bf515489490c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 16113, "end": 16123, "quote": "316 U.S. 4", "context": "60 S.Ct. 693, 84 L.Ed. 869 (1940); Scripps-Howard Radio, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission, 316 U.S. 4, 62 S.Ct. 875, 86 L.Ed. 1229 (1942).\n. For excellent contrasting studies which depict the complexit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "316 U.S. 4", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ef1f37790176a4ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 16125, "end": 16137, "quote": "62 S.Ct. 875", "context": ", 84 L.Ed. 869 (1940); Scripps-Howard Radio, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission, 316 U.S. 4, 62 S.Ct. 875, 86 L.Ed. 1229 (1942).\n. For excellent contrasting studies which depict the complexity of problems ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "62 S. Ct. 875", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33643135db3ce1d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 16139, "end": 16152, "quote": "86 L.Ed. 1229", "context": " (1940); Scripps-Howard Radio, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission, 316 U.S. 4, 62 S.Ct. 875, 86 L.Ed. 1229 (1942).\n. For excellent contrasting studies which depict the complexity of problems of standing, se", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 L. Ed. 1229", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f5327deda154a184", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 17311, "end": 17325, "quote": "303 I.C.C. 293", "context": " in this respect are the Commission decisions in Class Bates, Official Territory to Corpus Christi, 303 I.C.C. 293 (1958) and Badio & Television Sets, 302 I.C.C. 654 (1958), relied upon by plaintiff, in which the r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "303 I.C.C. 293", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bcf5ffea0664bbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 17362, "end": 17376, "quote": "302 I.C.C. 654", "context": "ass Bates, Official Territory to Corpus Christi, 303 I.C.C. 293 (1958) and Badio & Television Sets, 302 I.C.C. 654 (1958), relied upon by plaintiff, in which the rates in issue did not require the freight forwarder", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "302 I.C.C. 654", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "af7bf4ee8cd75609", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_205/0592_01/index.html", "start": 17923, "end": 17937, "quote": "section 402(a)", "context": "bulk and distribute as to every shipment handled by it. To so hold would disregard the provision in section 402(a) (5): ‘in the ordinary and usual course of its undertaking.’ ”\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7be3f3586aca4010", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 5181, "end": 5197, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1332", "context": "ollateral estoppel, and consequently bar relitigation of that issue now?\nThe statute in question is 28 U.S.C. § 1332, which provides for diversity jurisdiction of District Courts. It provides :\n“(a) The district cour", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1332", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_85/section_1332/title28_sec1332_9ba7ff685cb2/1332_diversity_of_citizenship_amount_in_controversy_costs_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec3af55b3c708b7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 7016, "end": 7029, "quote": "307 F. 2d 409", "context": "ay take judicial notice of the proceedings in the California Court. Wagner v. Fawcett Publications, 307 F. 2d 409, 411 (7 Cir. 1962).\nFactor argues first that because of his residence in California that even if he", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "307 F.2d 409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_307/0409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dd095601dd0474a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 7534, "end": 7546, "quote": "296 U.S. 404", "context": "ment to the United States Constitution and the following cases so construing it: Colgate v. Harvey, 296 U.S. 404, 427, 56 S.Ct. 252, 80 L.Ed. 299 (1935) ; Cuozzo v. Italian Line, etc., 168 F.Supp. 304, 305 (D.C. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "296 U.S. 404", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c96c938d89fb2edd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 7553, "end": 7565, "quote": "56 S.Ct. 252", "context": "States Constitution and the following cases so construing it: Colgate v. Harvey, 296 U.S. 404, 427, 56 S.Ct. 252, 80 L.Ed. 299 (1935) ; Cuozzo v. Italian Line, etc., 168 F.Supp. 304, 305 (D.C. S.D.N.Y.1958).\nMore", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 S. Ct. 252", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f729cbbf4202f4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 7567, "end": 7579, "quote": "80 L.Ed. 299", "context": "ution and the following cases so construing it: Colgate v. Harvey, 296 U.S. 404, 427, 56 S.Ct. 252, 80 L.Ed. 299 (1935) ; Cuozzo v. Italian Line, etc., 168 F.Supp. 304, 305 (D.C. S.D.N.Y.1958).\nMoreover, the fact", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 L. Ed. 299", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a58c432d51b37a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 7619, "end": 7634, "quote": "168 F.Supp. 304", "context": "ate v. Harvey, 296 U.S. 404, 427, 56 S.Ct. 252, 80 L.Ed. 299 (1935) ; Cuozzo v. Italian Line, etc., 168 F.Supp. 304, 305 (D.C. S.D.N.Y.1958).\nMoreover, the fact of Factor’s acquiring United States citizenship some 3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "168 F. Supp. 304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_168/0304_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b3241b7ebddbb0d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8127, "end": 8138, "quote": "6 L.Ed. 154", "context": "and is not affected by subsequent events. See, among others, Mullen v. Torrance, 22 U.S. [536] 537, 6 L.Ed. 154 (1824) ; Conolly v. Taylor, 27 U.S. [555] 556, 563, 7 L.Ed. 518 (1829); Koenigsberger v. Richmond S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "6 L. Ed. 154", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a7fcd95141a3c486", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8191, "end": 8202, "quote": "7 L.Ed. 518", "context": "len v. Torrance, 22 U.S. [536] 537, 6 L.Ed. 154 (1824) ; Conolly v. Taylor, 27 U.S. [555] 556, 563, 7 L.Ed. 518 (1829); Koenigsberger v. Richmond Silver Min. Co., 158 U.S. 41, 15 S.Ct. 751, 39 L.Ed. 889 (1895); ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 L. Ed. 518", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "daf7c669a9763597", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8254, "end": 8265, "quote": "158 U.S. 41", "context": "y v. Taylor, 27 U.S. [555] 556, 563, 7 L.Ed. 518 (1829); Koenigsberger v. Richmond Silver Min. Co., 158 U.S. 41, 15 S.Ct. 751, 39 L.Ed. 889 (1895); Irwin v. Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Co., 19 F.2d 300 (7 Cir.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "158 U.S. 41", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eaa34063e4f96b65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8267, "end": 8279, "quote": "15 S.Ct. 751", "context": "27 U.S. [555] 556, 563, 7 L.Ed. 518 (1829); Koenigsberger v. Richmond Silver Min. Co., 158 U.S. 41, 15 S.Ct. 751, 39 L.Ed. 889 (1895); Irwin v. Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Co., 19 F.2d 300 (7 Cir. 1927); Boesen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 S. Ct. 751", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a9583d6df16b0340", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8281, "end": 8293, "quote": "39 L.Ed. 889", "context": "556, 563, 7 L.Ed. 518 (1829); Koenigsberger v. Richmond Silver Min. Co., 158 U.S. 41, 15 S.Ct. 751, 39 L.Ed. 889 (1895); Irwin v. Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Co., 19 F.2d 300 (7 Cir. 1927); Boesenberg v. Chicag", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 L. Ed. 889", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "efc43c399717f4d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8346, "end": 8357, "quote": "19 F.2d 300", "context": "n. Co., 158 U.S. 41, 15 S.Ct. 751, 39 L.Ed. 889 (1895); Irwin v. Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Co., 19 F.2d 300 (7 Cir. 1927); Boesenberg v. Chicago Title & Trust Co., 128 F.2d 245, 141 A.L.R. 565 (7 Cir. 1942);", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 F.2d 300", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_19/0300_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6682642f6e289eaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8414, "end": 8426, "quote": "128 F.2d 245", "context": "souri Valley Bridge & Iron Co., 19 F.2d 300 (7 Cir. 1927); Boesenberg v. Chicago Title & Trust Co., 128 F.2d 245, 141 A.L.R. 565 (7 Cir. 1942); and Smith v. Sperling, 354 U.S. 91, 77 S.Ct. 1112, 1 L.Ed.2d 1205 (1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "128 F.2d 245", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_128/0245_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cf5b0acf56daf28f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8428, "end": 8442, "quote": "141 A.L.R. 565", "context": "ridge & Iron Co., 19 F.2d 300 (7 Cir. 1927); Boesenberg v. Chicago Title & Trust Co., 128 F.2d 245, 141 A.L.R. 565 (7 Cir. 1942); and Smith v. Sperling, 354 U.S. 91, 77 S.Ct. 1112, 1 L.Ed.2d 1205 (1957).\nSecond, pl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "141 A.L.R. 565", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "997e9082995af4cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8481, "end": 8492, "quote": "354 U.S. 91", "context": "rg v. Chicago Title & Trust Co., 128 F.2d 245, 141 A.L.R. 565 (7 Cir. 1942); and Smith v. Sperling, 354 U.S. 91, 77 S.Ct. 1112, 1 L.Ed.2d 1205 (1957).\nSecond, plaintiff argues that if Factor was not born in Hull", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "354 U.S. 91", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7075413f7a5ccbdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8494, "end": 8507, "quote": "77 S.Ct. 1112", "context": " Title & Trust Co., 128 F.2d 245, 141 A.L.R. 565 (7 Cir. 1942); and Smith v. Sperling, 354 U.S. 91, 77 S.Ct. 1112, 1 L.Ed.2d 1205 (1957).\nSecond, plaintiff argues that if Factor was not born in Hull, England, he w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 S. Ct. 1112", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a71bd1b41cf21c30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 8509, "end": 8523, "quote": "1 L.Ed.2d 1205", "context": "Co., 128 F.2d 245, 141 A.L.R. 565 (7 Cir. 1942); and Smith v. Sperling, 354 U.S. 91, 77 S.Ct. 1112, 1 L.Ed.2d 1205 (1957).\nSecond, plaintiff argues that if Factor was not born in Hull, England, he was born in Russi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1 L. Ed. 2d 1205", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7389d13458f6b8e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 9433, "end": 9449, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1332", "context": "fy as a citizen of a foreign state in order to satisfy the diversity of citizenship requirements of 28 U.S.C. § 1332. See Klausner v. Levy, 83 F.Supp. 599 (D.C.E.D.Va.1949), in which it was held that a person living ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1332", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_85/section_1332/title28_sec1332_9ba7ff685cb2/1332_diversity_of_citizenship_amount_in_controversy_costs_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "299d8575ea7eabff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 9443, "end": 9450, "quote": "§ 1332.", "context": "tizen of a foreign state in order to satisfy the diversity of citizenship requirements of 28 U.S.C. § 1332. See Klausner v. Levy, 83 F.Supp. 599 (D.C.E.D.Va.1949), in which it was held that a person living i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_85/section_1332/title28_sec1332_9ba7ff685cb2/1332_diversity_of_citizenship_amount_in_controversy_costs_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d1d66e695c0d5acf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 9473, "end": 9487, "quote": "83 F.Supp. 599", "context": "der to satisfy the diversity of citizenship requirements of 28 U.S.C. § 1332. See Klausner v. Levy, 83 F.Supp. 599 (D.C.E.D.Va.1949), in which it was held that a person living in Palestine, which prior to March, 19", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 F. Supp. 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "70758ea80bab5088", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 9776, "end": 9791, "quote": "133 F.Supp. 496", "context": " being a citizen or subject of a foreign state. See also, Blair Holdings Corporation v. Rubinstein, 133 F.Supp. 496 (D.C.S.D.N.Y.1955).\nThus it is that Factor either has to be held to be a citizen or subject of the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "133 F. Supp. 496", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_133/0496_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "65894c1e88b2c838", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14204, "end": 14221, "quote": "24 Ill.App.2d 356", "context": "to have been a party, or in privity with a party, to the prior adjudication.)\nSee, Tezak v. Cooper, 24 Ill.App.2d 356, 164 N.E.2d 493 (1960); Bentley v. Teton, 19 Ill.App.2d 284, 153 N.E.2d 495 (1958); Rose v. Dolejs,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 Ill. App. 2d 356", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-2d/volume_24/0356_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "117ec6a8b5d6f9a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14223, "end": 14237, "quote": "164 N.E.2d 493", "context": "y, or in privity with a party, to the prior adjudication.)\nSee, Tezak v. Cooper, 24 Ill.App.2d 356, 164 N.E.2d 493 (1960); Bentley v. Teton, 19 Ill.App.2d 284, 153 N.E.2d 495 (1958); Rose v. Dolejs, 7 Ill.App.2d 26", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "164 N.E.2d 493", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ad5c07c334f6b4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14264, "end": 14281, "quote": "19 Ill.App.2d 284", "context": "or adjudication.)\nSee, Tezak v. Cooper, 24 Ill.App.2d 356, 164 N.E.2d 493 (1960); Bentley v. Teton, 19 Ill.App.2d 284, 153 N.E.2d 495 (1958); Rose v. Dolejs, 7 Ill.App.2d 267, 129 N.E.2d 281 (1955); Crow v. Bowl-by, 6", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 Ill. App. 2d 284", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-2d/volume_19/0284_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7cd4c52e66aecfd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14283, "end": 14297, "quote": "153 N.E.2d 495", "context": "ee, Tezak v. Cooper, 24 Ill.App.2d 356, 164 N.E.2d 493 (1960); Bentley v. Teton, 19 Ill.App.2d 284, 153 N.E.2d 495 (1958); Rose v. Dolejs, 7 Ill.App.2d 267, 129 N.E.2d 281 (1955); Crow v. Bowl-by, 68 Ill. 23 (1873)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "153 N.E.2d 495", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31bc18943402edd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14322, "end": 14338, "quote": "7 Ill.App.2d 267", "context": " 164 N.E.2d 493 (1960); Bentley v. Teton, 19 Ill.App.2d 284, 153 N.E.2d 495 (1958); Rose v. Dolejs, 7 Ill.App.2d 267, 129 N.E.2d 281 (1955); Crow v. Bowl-by, 68 Ill. 23 (1873); Sweeting v. Campbell, 2 Ill.2d 491, 119", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 Ill. App. 2d 267", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-2d/volume_7/0267_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "30908d67e4dd2e20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14380, "end": 14390, "quote": "68 Ill. 23", "context": "4, 153 N.E.2d 495 (1958); Rose v. Dolejs, 7 Ill.App.2d 267, 129 N.E.2d 281 (1955); Crow v. Bowl-by, 68 Ill. 23 (1873); Sweeting v. Campbell, 2 Ill.2d 491, 119 N.E.2d 237 (1954); Crockett v. Harrison, 26 Ill.App", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 Ill. 23", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_68/0023_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "01e5f6baead31167", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14421, "end": 14433, "quote": "2 Ill.2d 491", "context": " 7 Ill.App.2d 267, 129 N.E.2d 281 (1955); Crow v. Bowl-by, 68 Ill. 23 (1873); Sweeting v. Campbell, 2 Ill.2d 491, 119 N.E.2d 237 (1954); Crockett v. Harrison, 26 Ill.App.2d 9, 167 N.E.2d 428 (1960); McVeigh v. Mc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 Ill. 2d 491", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_2/0491_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fab54d5d6911ef3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14435, "end": 14449, "quote": "119 N.E.2d 237", "context": "267, 129 N.E.2d 281 (1955); Crow v. Bowl-by, 68 Ill. 23 (1873); Sweeting v. Campbell, 2 Ill.2d 491, 119 N.E.2d 237 (1954); Crockett v. Harrison, 26 Ill.App.2d 9, 167 N.E.2d 428 (1960); McVeigh v. Mc-Gurren, 117 F.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 N.E.2d 237", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec5bf48e8cbbb52c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14480, "end": 14495, "quote": "26 Ill.App.2d 9", "context": "68 Ill. 23 (1873); Sweeting v. Campbell, 2 Ill.2d 491, 119 N.E.2d 237 (1954); Crockett v. Harrison, 26 Ill.App.2d 9, 167 N.E.2d 428 (1960); McVeigh v. Mc-Gurren, 117 F.2d 672 (7 Cir. 1940); Stangle v. Chicago, Rock ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 Ill. App. 2d 9", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-2d/volume_26/0009_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0331d6ea9c824c31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14497, "end": 14511, "quote": "167 N.E.2d 428", "context": "; Sweeting v. Campbell, 2 Ill.2d 491, 119 N.E.2d 237 (1954); Crockett v. Harrison, 26 Ill.App.2d 9, 167 N.E.2d 428 (1960); McVeigh v. Mc-Gurren, 117 F.2d 672 (7 Cir. 1940); Stangle v. Chicago, Rock Island & Pac. R.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "167 N.E.2d 428", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ff10aaee0b9dd03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14542, "end": 14554, "quote": "117 F.2d 672", "context": ".2d 237 (1954); Crockett v. Harrison, 26 Ill.App.2d 9, 167 N.E.2d 428 (1960); McVeigh v. Mc-Gurren, 117 F.2d 672 (7 Cir. 1940); Stangle v. Chicago, Rock Island & Pac. R. R. Co., 295 F.2d 789 (7 Cir. 1961); Bernha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 F.2d 672", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_117/0672_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "539e4db61254c546", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14620, "end": 14632, "quote": "295 F.2d 789", "context": "McVeigh v. Mc-Gurren, 117 F.2d 672 (7 Cir. 1940); Stangle v. Chicago, Rock Island & Pac. R. R. Co., 295 F.2d 789 (7 Cir. 1961); Bernhard v. Bank of America Nat. Trust & Sav. Ass’n., 19 Cal.2d 807, 122 P.2d 892 (1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "295 F.2d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_295/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7720f50c10720c5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14702, "end": 14715, "quote": "19 Cal.2d 807", "context": "& Pac. R. R. Co., 295 F.2d 789 (7 Cir. 1961); Bernhard v. Bank of America Nat. Trust & Sav. Ass’n., 19 Cal.2d 807, 122 P.2d 892 (1942); Gammel v. Ernst & Ernst, 245 Minn. 249, 72 N.W.2d. 364, 54 A.L.R. 2d 316 (195", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 Cal. 2d 807", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_19/0807_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e05a9aa04db1b344", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14717, "end": 14729, "quote": "122 P.2d 892", "context": "., 295 F.2d 789 (7 Cir. 1961); Bernhard v. Bank of America Nat. Trust & Sav. Ass’n., 19 Cal.2d 807, 122 P.2d 892 (1942); Gammel v. Ernst & Ernst, 245 Minn. 249, 72 N.W.2d. 364, 54 A.L.R. 2d 316 (1955); Connelly v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 P.2d 892", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fea5593d8165f768", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14763, "end": 14776, "quote": "245 Minn. 249", "context": "k of America Nat. Trust & Sav. Ass’n., 19 Cal.2d 807, 122 P.2d 892 (1942); Gammel v. Ernst & Ernst, 245 Minn. 249, 72 N.W.2d. 364, 54 A.L.R. 2d 316 (1955); Connelly v. Balkwill, 174 F.Supp. 49 (D.C.N.D.Ohio 1959);", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "245 Minn. 249", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1c401c7b302911d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14778, "end": 14792, "quote": "72 N.W.2d. 364", "context": "t. Trust & Sav. Ass’n., 19 Cal.2d 807, 122 P.2d 892 (1942); Gammel v. Ernst & Ernst, 245 Minn. 249, 72 N.W.2d. 364, 54 A.L.R. 2d 316 (1955); Connelly v. Balkwill, 174 F.Supp. 49 (D.C.N.D.Ohio 1959); Coca-Cola Co. v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 N.W.2d 364", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f43fd94f2fa4996", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14794, "end": 14810, "quote": "54 A.L.R. 2d 316", "context": "Ass’n., 19 Cal.2d 807, 122 P.2d 892 (1942); Gammel v. Ernst & Ernst, 245 Minn. 249, 72 N.W.2d. 364, 54 A.L.R. 2d 316 (1955); Connelly v. Balkwill, 174 F.Supp. 49 (D.C.N.D.Ohio 1959); Coca-Cola Co. v. Pepsi-Cola Co., ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 A.L.R. 2d 316", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e6640017eefa470", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14841, "end": 14855, "quote": "174 F.Supp. 49", "context": "mel v. Ernst & Ernst, 245 Minn. 249, 72 N.W.2d. 364, 54 A.L.R. 2d 316 (1955); Connelly v. Balkwill, 174 F.Supp. 49 (D.C.N.D.Ohio 1959); Coca-Cola Co. v. Pepsi-Cola Co., 6 W.W.Harr. 124, 172 A. 260 (Del.Super.Ct.193", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "174 F. Supp. 49", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_174/0049_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "104c535922bb4dca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14910, "end": 14925, "quote": "6 W.W.Harr. 124", "context": " (1955); Connelly v. Balkwill, 174 F.Supp. 49 (D.C.N.D.Ohio 1959); Coca-Cola Co. v. Pepsi-Cola Co., 6 W.W.Harr. 124, 172 A. 260 (Del.Super.Ct.1934).\nHere, therefore, neither the order of the Northern District of Ill", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "6 W.W. Harr. 124", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "722d2fbc7097c517", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 14927, "end": 14937, "quote": "172 A. 260", "context": " v. Balkwill, 174 F.Supp. 49 (D.C.N.D.Ohio 1959); Coca-Cola Co. v. Pepsi-Cola Co., 6 W.W.Harr. 124, 172 A. 260 (Del.Super.Ct.1934).\nHere, therefore, neither the order of the Northern District of Illinois nor th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "172 A. 260", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbf53180f89e869b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 16173, "end": 16179, "quote": "supra,", "context": "t the Court is precluded from considering the prior proceedings. In Wagner v. Fawcett Publications, supra, the Seventh Circuit held that on a petition for rehearing it could properly take judicial notice of", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "307 F.2d 409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_307/0409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ca32ab6470e1015c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 18560, "end": 18572, "quote": "298 U.S. 178", "context": "Naturalization Service could give him.\nUnder the rule of McNutt v. General Motors Acceptance Corp., 298 U.S. 178, 56 S.Ct. 780, 80 L.Ed. 1135 (1936), the plaintiff in a case based on the diversity jurisdiction of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "298 U.S. 178", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b06c35d7c82df2f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 18574, "end": 18586, "quote": "56 S.Ct. 780", "context": " Service could give him.\nUnder the rule of McNutt v. General Motors Acceptance Corp., 298 U.S. 178, 56 S.Ct. 780, 80 L.Ed. 1135 (1936), the plaintiff in a case based on the diversity jurisdiction of the Federal c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 S. Ct. 780", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b080d2ba7a44620", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 18588, "end": 18601, "quote": "80 L.Ed. 1135", "context": " give him.\nUnder the rule of McNutt v. General Motors Acceptance Corp., 298 U.S. 178, 56 S.Ct. 780, 80 L.Ed. 1135 (1936), the plaintiff in a case based on the diversity jurisdiction of the Federal courts must bear", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 L. Ed. 1135", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e766022e9268b4ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 18852, "end": 18864, "quote": "315 U.S. 442", "context": "l facts whenever the defendant challenges the court’s jurisdiction. (See also, Thomson v. Gas-kill, 315 U.S. 442, 62 S.Ct. 673, 86 L.Ed, 951 (1942).) Here, when the Court’s jurisdiction was challenged, plaintiff ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "315 U.S. 442", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d67b2b246984fdd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_230/0906_01/index.html", "start": 18866, "end": 18878, "quote": "62 S.Ct. 673", "context": "er the defendant challenges the court’s jurisdiction. (See also, Thomson v. Gas-kill, 315 U.S. 442, 62 S.Ct. 673, 86 L.Ed, 951 (1942).) Here, when the Court’s jurisdiction was challenged, plaintiff called the Cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "62 S. Ct. 673", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4932cf78e9f5b295", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 36605, "end": 36617, "quote": "18 Wall. 120", "context": " met the burden resting upon it of proving anticipation beyond a reasonable doubt. Coffin v. Ogden, 18 Wall. 120, 21 L. Ed. 821. The Keating mills are cluster mills with small working rolls, each working roll bei", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 Wall. 120", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab419ce52b767ae2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 36619, "end": 36632, "quote": "21 L. Ed. 821", "context": "n resting upon it of proving anticipation beyond a reasonable doubt. Coffin v. Ogden, 18 Wall. 120, 21 L. Ed. 821. The Keating mills are cluster mills with small working rolls, each working roll being supported by", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 L. Ed. 821", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1843fb2448bcdb75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 38678, "end": 38684, "quote": "§ 4888", "context": "ted in the journals of backing roll necks.” Defendant, in support of its contention, cites Rev. St. § 4888 (35 USCA § 33), which reads: “Before any inventor or discoverer shall receive a patent for his inve", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7669ce70a5d0796c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 38694, "end": 38698, "quote": "§ 33", "context": "als of backing roll necks.” Defendant, in support of its contention, cites Rev. St. § 4888 (35 USCA § 33), which reads: “Before any inventor or discoverer shall receive a patent for his invention or disco", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da8bce269fef420a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 39948, "end": 39954, "quote": "§ 4888", "context": "ed in accordance with the original application would produce sueh a result. The provisions of R. S. § 4888, were complied with in the original application. It is not necessary that a patentee realize all th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
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{"id": "d8fd0849d1649ac7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 40604, "end": 40614, "quote": "15 How. 62", "context": " 1064; Western Electric Co. v. Sperry Electric Co., 58 F. 186, 196 (C. C. A. 7); O’Reilly v. Morse, 15 How. 62, 14 L. Ed. 601; Dayton Engineering Laboratories Co. v. Kent, 260 F. 187, 193, 194 (D. C., E. D., Pa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 How. 62", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "670f45c3cd5f6643", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 40616, "end": 40629, "quote": "14 L. Ed. 601", "context": "rn Electric Co. v. Sperry Electric Co., 58 F. 186, 196 (C. C. A. 7); O’Reilly v. Morse, 15 How. 62, 14 L. Ed. 601; Dayton Engineering Laboratories Co. v. Kent, 260 F. 187, 193, 194 (D. C., E. D., Pa.); Jackson Fen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 L. Ed. 601", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50452eae63d1c8b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 40676, "end": 40686, "quote": "260 F. 187", "context": ". A. 7); O’Reilly v. Morse, 15 How. 62, 14 L. Ed. 601; Dayton Engineering Laboratories Co. v. Kent, 260 F. 187, 193, 194 (D. C., E. D., Pa.); Jackson Fence Co. v. Peerless Wire Fence Co., 228 F. 691, 696 (C. C.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "260 F. 187", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11d8d2e0b446e7c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 40764, "end": 40774, "quote": "228 F. 691", "context": "o. v. Kent, 260 F. 187, 193, 194 (D. C., E. D., Pa.); Jackson Fence Co. v. Peerless Wire Fence Co., 228 F. 691, 696 (C. C. A. 6); Morgan Engineering Co. v. Alliance Mach. Co., 176 F. 100, 107 (C. C. A. 6); Wage", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "228 F. 691", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f217936fe2aaea3b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 40840, "end": 40850, "quote": "176 F. 100", "context": "eerless Wire Fence Co., 228 F. 691, 696 (C. C. A. 6); Morgan Engineering Co. v. Alliance Mach. Co., 176 F. 100, 107 (C. C. A. 6); Wagenhorst v. Hydraulic Steel Co., 27 F.(2d) 27 (C. C. A. 6); General Electric C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 F. 100", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f34954da9e54d01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 40905, "end": 40917, "quote": "27 F.(2d) 27", "context": "neering Co. v. Alliance Mach. Co., 176 F. 100, 107 (C. C. A. 6); Wagenhorst v. Hydraulic Steel Co., 27 F.(2d) 27 (C. C. A. 6); General Electric Co. v. Cooper Hewitt Electric Co., 249 F. 61, 63 (C. C. A. 6), and C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 F.2d 27", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6beebbd927857405", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 40984, "end": 40993, "quote": "249 F. 61", "context": "Hydraulic Steel Co., 27 F.(2d) 27 (C. C. A. 6); General Electric Co. v. Cooper Hewitt Electric Co., 249 F. 61, 63 (C. C. A. 6), and Cleveland Foundry Co. v. Detroit Vapor Stove Co., 131 F. 853, 857 (C. C. A. 6", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "249 F. 61", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d54f547f2449cf2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 41066, "end": 41076, "quote": "131 F. 853", "context": "itt Electric Co., 249 F. 61, 63 (C. C. A. 6), and Cleveland Foundry Co. v. Detroit Vapor Stove Co., 131 F. 853, 857 (C. C. A. 6).\nIn Westmoreland Specialty Co. et al. v. Hogan, supra, it is stated: “The mere fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "131 F. 853", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69ca8727562702ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 41143, "end": 41149, "quote": "supra,", "context": "troit Vapor Stove Co., 131 F. 853, 857 (C. C. A. 6).\nIn Westmoreland Specialty Co. et al. v. Hogan, supra, it is stated: “The mere failure of a patentee to realize all the benefits and possibilities of his ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "167 F. 327", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbefd27605906a1a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 41323, "end": 41329, "quote": "supra,", "context": " and possibilities of his invention is not fatal.”\nIn Jackson Fence Co. v. Peerless Wire Fence Co., supra, the court stated: “The patentee is entitled to the benefit of every function within the scope of th", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9756c32e1e15709d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 41588, "end": 41594, "quote": "supra,", "context": "e does not know of it at the time of patenting.”\nIn Morgan Engineering Co. v. Alliance Machine Co., supra, the court stated: “Even if the patentee at the time of making his application did not know of this ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "58ab2eb9201eaf4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 42469, "end": 42482, "quote": "102 U. S. 104", "context": "ds which required an exercise of the inventive skill. This is all the law requires. Parks v. Booth, 102 U. S. 104, 26 L. Ed. 54; Boyer v. Keller Tool Co., 127 F. 130, 138 (C. C. A. 3); and Webster Loom Co. v. Higg", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 U.S. 104", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37877ee15963343f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 42484, "end": 42496, "quote": "26 L. Ed. 54", "context": "ed an exercise of the inventive skill. This is all the law requires. Parks v. Booth, 102 U. S. 104, 26 L. Ed. 54; Boyer v. Keller Tool Co., 127 F. 130, 138 (C. C. A. 3); and Webster Loom Co. v. Higgins, 105 U. S.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 L. Ed. 54", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "406e241463744ce2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 42524, "end": 42534, "quote": "127 F. 130", "context": "his is all the law requires. Parks v. Booth, 102 U. S. 104, 26 L. Ed. 54; Boyer v. Keller Tool Co., 127 F. 130, 138 (C. C. A. 3); and Webster Loom Co. v. Higgins, 105 U. S. 580, 591, 26 L. Ed. 1177.\nDefendant c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 F. 130", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3974c32a6e16ee24", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 42587, "end": 42600, "quote": "105 U. S. 580", "context": "L. Ed. 54; Boyer v. Keller Tool Co., 127 F. 130, 138 (C. C. A. 3); and Webster Loom Co. v. Higgins, 105 U. S. 580, 591, 26 L. Ed. 1177.\nDefendant contends that the claims of the patent in suit are invalid by reaso", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 U.S. 580", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db827b7c036bc11a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 42607, "end": 42621, "quote": "26 L. Ed. 1177", "context": "Keller Tool Co., 127 F. 130, 138 (C. C. A. 3); and Webster Loom Co. v. Higgins, 105 U. S. 580, 591, 26 L. Ed. 1177.\nDefendant contends that the claims of the patent in suit are invalid by reason of public use of pl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 L. Ed. 1177", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "080b5e50e640ccfc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 43155, "end": 43168, "quote": "252 U. S. 126", "context": " the absence of circumstances satisfactorily accounting for the delay. Chapman et al. v. Wintroath, 252 U. S. 126, 40 S. Ct. 234, 64 L. Ed. 491; Webster Co. v. Splitdorf Co., 264 U. S. 463, 44 S. Ct. 342, 68 L. Ed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "252 U.S. 126", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "51aefc1b4b2bba7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 43170, "end": 43183, "quote": "40 S. Ct. 234", "context": " circumstances satisfactorily accounting for the delay. Chapman et al. v. Wintroath, 252 U. S. 126, 40 S. Ct. 234, 64 L. Ed. 491; Webster Co. v. Splitdorf Co., 264 U. S. 463, 44 S. Ct. 342, 68 L. Ed. 792. This rul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 S. Ct. 234", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b3b92cf1bcfb010a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 43185, "end": 43198, "quote": "64 L. Ed. 491", "context": "satisfactorily accounting for the delay. Chapman et al. v. Wintroath, 252 U. S. 126, 40 S. Ct. 234, 64 L. Ed. 491; Webster Co. v. Splitdorf Co., 264 U. S. 463, 44 S. Ct. 342, 68 L. Ed. 792. This rule has not been ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 L. Ed. 491", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7776096cfb6b0808", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 43230, "end": 43243, "quote": "264 U. S. 463", "context": "man et al. v. Wintroath, 252 U. S. 126, 40 S. Ct. 234, 64 L. Ed. 491; Webster Co. v. Splitdorf Co., 264 U. S. 463, 44 S. Ct. 342, 68 L. Ed. 792. This rule has not been applied by the Supreme Court to public use of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "264 U.S. 463", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8349ff63ce51b70f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 43245, "end": 43258, "quote": "44 S. Ct. 342", "context": "introath, 252 U. S. 126, 40 S. Ct. 234, 64 L. Ed. 491; Webster Co. v. Splitdorf Co., 264 U. S. 463, 44 S. Ct. 342, 68 L. Ed. 792. This rule has not been applied by the Supreme Court to public use of the invention.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 S. Ct. 342", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7795b7137868dc09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 43260, "end": 43273, "quote": "68 L. Ed. 792", "context": ". S. 126, 40 S. Ct. 234, 64 L. Ed. 491; Webster Co. v. Splitdorf Co., 264 U. S. 463, 44 S. Ct. 342, 68 L. Ed. 792. This rule has not been applied by the Supreme Court to public use of the invention. There is a div", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 L. Ed. 792", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d4398326b5c4c11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 45317, "end": 45330, "quote": "61 F.(2d) 385", "context": "he prosecution of their respective applications.\nIn Fahrenwald et al. v. Republic Iron & Steel Co., 61 F.(2d) 385, 386 (C. C. A. 3), the court said: “Undoubtedly the patent was valid on its face on the presumption", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 F.2d 385", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_61/0385_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f0338a6a7e75b3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46112, "end": 46123, "quote": "12 Wall. 47", "context": " for by statute. In that regard the Supreme Court, in Philadelphia, W. & B. Railroad Co. v. Dubois, 12 Wall. 47, 64, 20 L. Ed. 265, citing Providence Rubber Co. v. Goodyear, 9 Wall. 788, 19 L. Ed. 566, held a de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 Wall. 47", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d024f6d42b469c05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46129, "end": 46142, "quote": "20 L. Ed. 265", "context": "In that regard the Supreme Court, in Philadelphia, W. & B. Railroad Co. v. Dubois, 12 Wall. 47, 64, 20 L. Ed. 265, citing Providence Rubber Co. v. Goodyear, 9 Wall. 788, 19 L. Ed. 566, held a defendant is ‘not at ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "383cae472435600d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46186, "end": 46197, "quote": "9 Wall. 788", "context": ". Railroad Co. v. Dubois, 12 Wall. 47, 64, 20 L. Ed. 265, citing Providence Rubber Co. v. Goodyear, 9 Wall. 788, 19 L. Ed. 566, held a defendant is ‘not at liberty to set up as a defence that the patent had been", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 Wall. 788", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "811d65490ef746cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46199, "end": 46212, "quote": "19 L. Ed. 566", "context": ". v. Dubois, 12 Wall. 47, 64, 20 L. Ed. 265, citing Providence Rubber Co. v. Goodyear, 9 Wall. 788, 19 L. Ed. 566, held a defendant is ‘not at liberty to set up as a defence that the patent had been fraudulently o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 L. Ed. 566", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "720c364ba1ab3fb3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46415, "end": 46421, "quote": "§§ 321", "context": "ined, no fraud appearing upon its face.’ Moreover, reference may also be made to Walker on Patents, §§ 321, 322, 323; Briggs v. United Shoe Machinery Co., 239 U. S. 48, 36 S. Ct. 6, 60 L. Ed. 138; Giant Pow", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b7a8035eb02a204", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46470, "end": 46482, "quote": "239 U. S. 48", "context": "rence may also be made to Walker on Patents, §§ 321, 322, 323; Briggs v. United Shoe Machinery Co., 239 U. S. 48, 36 S. Ct. 6, 60 L. Ed. 138; Giant Powder Co. v. Safety Nitro Powder Co. (C. C.) 19 F. 509; Railway", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "239 U.S. 48", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb687b18b149dc2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46484, "end": 46495, "quote": "36 S. Ct. 6", "context": " be made to Walker on Patents, §§ 321, 322, 323; Briggs v. United Shoe Machinery Co., 239 U. S. 48, 36 S. Ct. 6, 60 L. Ed. 138; Giant Powder Co. v. Safety Nitro Powder Co. (C. C.) 19 F. 509; Railway Register Mfg", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 S. Ct. 6", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d2f1e5a4c40cec7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46497, "end": 46510, "quote": "60 L. Ed. 138", "context": "alker on Patents, §§ 321, 322, 323; Briggs v. United Shoe Machinery Co., 239 U. S. 48, 36 S. Ct. 6, 60 L. Ed. 138; Giant Powder Co. v. Safety Nitro Powder Co. (C. C.) 19 F. 509; Railway Register Mfg. Co. v. North ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 L. Ed. 138", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "234e723977d0dac6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46564, "end": 46573, "quote": "19 F. 509", "context": " Co., 239 U. S. 48, 36 S. Ct. 6, 60 L. Ed. 138; Giant Powder Co. v. Safety Nitro Powder Co. (C. C.) 19 F. 509; Railway Register Mfg. Co. v. North Hudson Co. R. Co. (C. C.) 23 F. 593; Eureka Co. v. Bailey Co., ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 F. 509", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0283f8a6ab597f00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46636, "end": 46645, "quote": "23 F. 593", "context": "ty Nitro Powder Co. (C. C.) 19 F. 509; Railway Register Mfg. Co. v. North Hudson Co. R. Co. (C. C.) 23 F. 593; Eureka Co. v. Bailey Co., 11 Wall. 488, 20 L. Ed. 209. Of course, this does not mean a court may n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 F. 593", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5cb381ecfb040a70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46673, "end": 46685, "quote": "11 Wall. 488", "context": "; Railway Register Mfg. Co. v. North Hudson Co. R. Co. (C. C.) 23 F. 593; Eureka Co. v. Bailey Co., 11 Wall. 488, 20 L. Ed. 209. Of course, this does not mean a court may not inquire into misrepresentation made b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 Wall. 488", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3cc63c015628f067", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46687, "end": 46700, "quote": "20 L. Ed. 209", "context": "ster Mfg. Co. v. North Hudson Co. R. Co. (C. C.) 23 F. 593; Eureka Co. v. Bailey Co., 11 Wall. 488, 20 L. Ed. 209. Of course, this does not mean a court may not inquire into misrepresentation made by the applicant", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 209", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8c95ea7ee027ddd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 46989, "end": 47002, "quote": "276 U. S. 358", "context": "ant of a patent. Walker (6th Ed.) vol. 1, p. 472, and Corona Cord Tire Co. v. Dovan Chemical Corp., 276 U. S. 358, 48 S. Ct. 380, 72 L. Ed. 610.”\nDefendant contends that it cannot be charged with infringement, for", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "276 U.S. 358", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23a99e404c034ce2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 47004, "end": 47017, "quote": "48 S. Ct. 380", "context": ". Walker (6th Ed.) vol. 1, p. 472, and Corona Cord Tire Co. v. Dovan Chemical Corp., 276 U. S. 358, 48 S. Ct. 380, 72 L. Ed. 610.”\nDefendant contends that it cannot be charged with infringement, for the reason tha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "48 S. Ct. 380", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e03522744a0ad0ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 47019, "end": 47032, "quote": "72 L. Ed. 610", "context": "d.) vol. 1, p. 472, and Corona Cord Tire Co. v. Dovan Chemical Corp., 276 U. S. 358, 48 S. Ct. 380, 72 L. Ed. 610.”\nDefendant contends that it cannot be charged with infringement, for the reason that the acts reli", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 L. Ed. 610", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c915e312e459f7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 48979, "end": 48987, "quote": "7 F. 355", "context": "fense he has, including non-validity and use under a license. National Manufacturing Co. v. Meyers, 7 F. 355 (C. C., S. D., Ohio); Niagara Fire Extinguisher Co. v. Hibbard, 179 F. 844 (C. C. A. 7); Tate v. Ba", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 F. 355", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42a11e13651d5ba9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 49052, "end": 49062, "quote": "179 F. 844", "context": "nufacturing Co. v. Meyers, 7 F. 355 (C. C., S. D., Ohio); Niagara Fire Extinguisher Co. v. Hibbard, 179 F. 844 (C. C. A. 7); Tate v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 229 F. 141 (C. C. A. 4); 48 C. J. 194, § 287; Pelham", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "179 F. 844", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e682ff74874d7a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 49110, "end": 49120, "quote": "229 F. 141", "context": "Niagara Fire Extinguisher Co. v. Hibbard, 179 F. 844 (C. C. A. 7); Tate v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 229 F. 141 (C. C. A. 4); 48 C. J. 194, § 287; Pelham v. Edelmeyer, 15 F. 262, 264 (C. C., S. D., N. Y.).\nThere", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 F. 141", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4bfa4222151168ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 49149, "end": 49154, "quote": "§ 287", "context": "d, 179 F. 844 (C. C. A. 7); Tate v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 229 F. 141 (C. C. A. 4); 48 C. J. 194, § 287; Pelham v. Edelmeyer, 15 F. 262, 264 (C. C., S. D., N. Y.).\nThere are some courts which hold that, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22542609626b3790", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 49177, "end": 49186, "quote": "15 F. 262", "context": "Tate v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 229 F. 141 (C. C. A. 4); 48 C. J. 194, § 287; Pelham v. Edelmeyer, 15 F. 262, 264 (C. C., S. D., N. Y.).\nThere are some courts which hold that, where the owner of a patent brin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 F. 262", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e015eb7122fcd94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 49445, "end": 49454, "quote": "59 F. 897", "context": "is use under a license, he is estopped from setting up nonvalidity. Platt v. Fire-Extinguisher Co., 59 F. 897 (C. C. A. 3); National Clay Products Co. v. Heath Unit Tile Co., 40 F.(2d) 617 (C. C. A. 8); Tate v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 F. 897", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5189dc73d33c8f0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 49520, "end": 49533, "quote": "40 F.(2d) 617", "context": ". Fire-Extinguisher Co., 59 F. 897 (C. C. A. 3); National Clay Products Co. v. Heath Unit Tile Co., 40 F.(2d) 617 (C. C. A. 8); Tate v. Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 229 F. 141 (C. C. A. 4); International Burr Corporati", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 F.2d 617", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_40/0617_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b7ad46533461156a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 49580, "end": 49590, "quote": "229 F. 141", "context": "ay Products Co. v. Heath Unit Tile Co., 40 F.(2d) 617 (C. C. A. 8); Tate v. Baltimore & Ohio R. R., 229 F. 141 (C. C. A. 4); International Burr Corporation v. Wood Grinding Service, 34 F.(2d) 905, 907 (C. C. A.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 F. 141", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b04aec68e6577663", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 49662, "end": 49675, "quote": "34 F.(2d) 905", "context": "ore & Ohio R. R., 229 F. 141 (C. C. A. 4); International Burr Corporation v. Wood Grinding Service, 34 F.(2d) 905, 907 (C. C. A. 2).\nI do not know of any ease or rule of law which holds that in an action of infrin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 F.2d 905", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_34/0905_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38ba7496fc93d00a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 50188, "end": 50193, "quote": "§ 723", "context": "nse in the answer was pleaded in the alternative which the defendant, under Equity Rule 30 (28 USCA § 723), had the right to do regardless of consistency. Plaintiff had the right to test the sufficiency th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e95e83fa8ee90cdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0120_01/index.html", "start": 50361, "end": 50366, "quote": "§ 723", "context": "right to test the sufficiency thereof by a motion to strike out this defense under rule 33 (28 USCA § 723). This plaintiff did not do. The ease went to trial on the defenses, inter alia, of nonvalidity and", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6553bf0ba1220603", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 252, "end": 264, "quote": "sections 900", "context": "tteries on and between July 13, 1921, and April 1, 1926.\nThe taxes were imposed and collected under sections 900 of the Revenue Acts of 1918 (e. 18, 40 Stat. 1122) and 1921 (e. 136, 42 Stat. 291), and section 600", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66171345d3132489", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 301, "end": 314, "quote": "40 Stat. 1122", "context": ", 1926.\nThe taxes were imposed and collected under sections 900 of the Revenue Acts of 1918 (e. 18, 40 Stat. 1122) and 1921 (e. 136, 42 Stat. 291), and section 600 of the Revenue Act of 1924 (e. 234, 43 Stat. 253,", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "40 Stat. 1122", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e9f8a6190842ada4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 334, "end": 346, "quote": "42 Stat. 291", "context": "d collected under sections 900 of the Revenue Acts of 1918 (e. 18, 40 Stat. 1122) and 1921 (e. 136, 42 Stat. 291), and section 600 of the Revenue Act of 1924 (e. 234, 43 Stat. 253, 322, 26 USCA §§ 881 note and 88", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "42 Stat. 291", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93802d4f7da4cf96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 353, "end": 364, "quote": "section 600", "context": "ections 900 of the Revenue Acts of 1918 (e. 18, 40 Stat. 1122) and 1921 (e. 136, 42 Stat. 291), and section 600 of the Revenue Act of 1924 (e. 234, 43 Stat. 253, 322, 26 USCA §§ 881 note and 882). The pertinent ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39f3afcd3997eb27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 401, "end": 413, "quote": "43 Stat. 253", "context": "40 Stat. 1122) and 1921 (e. 136, 42 Stat. 291), and section 600 of the Revenue Act of 1924 (e. 234, 43 Stat. 253, 322, 26 USCA §§ 881 note and 882). The pertinent sections of the respective revenue acts are subst", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "43 Stat. 253", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ede02abfe546634c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 428, "end": 434, "quote": "§§ 881", "context": " 136, 42 Stat. 291), and section 600 of the Revenue Act of 1924 (e. 234, 43 Stat. 253, 322, 26 USCA §§ 881 note and 882). The pertinent sections of the respective revenue acts are substantially the same, wi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db2aa73f7193533d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 1352, "end": 1365, "quote": "281 U. S. 580", "context": "f the term “parts” was approved by the Supreme Court in Universal Battery Company v. United States, 281 U. S. 580, 50 S. Ct. 422, 74 L. Ed. 1051, and has been applied by this court in General Lead Batteries Compan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "281 U.S. 580", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37c0cf23c46640ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 1367, "end": 1380, "quote": "50 S. Ct. 422", "context": "ts” was approved by the Supreme Court in Universal Battery Company v. United States, 281 U. S. 580, 50 S. Ct. 422, 74 L. Ed. 1051, and has been applied by this court in General Lead Batteries Company v. United Sta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 S. Ct. 422", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a99057dccfed3904", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 1382, "end": 1396, "quote": "74 L. Ed. 1051", "context": "d by the Supreme Court in Universal Battery Company v. United States, 281 U. S. 580, 50 S. Ct. 422, 74 L. Ed. 1051, and has been applied by this court in General Lead Batteries Company v. United States, 60 F.(2d) 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 L. Ed. 1051", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "523331ad81a65b0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 1485, "end": 1498, "quote": "60 F.(2d) 177", "context": "L. Ed. 1051, and has been applied by this court in General Lead Batteries Company v. United States, 60 F.(2d) 177, 75 Ct. Cl. 605, and in U. S. Light & Heat Corporation v. United States (Ct. Cl.) 3 F. Supp. 861, E", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 F.2d 177", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_60/0177_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3d34320c0a1f76c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 1500, "end": 1514, "quote": "75 Ct. Cl. 605", "context": "d has been applied by this court in General Lead Batteries Company v. United States, 60 F.(2d) 177, 75 Ct. Cl. 605, and in U. S. Light & Heat Corporation v. United States (Ct. Cl.) 3 F. Supp. 861, Englert Mfg. Comp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 Ct. Cl. 605", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5b378165f16d1b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 1581, "end": 1595, "quote": "3 F. Supp. 861", "context": "es, 60 F.(2d) 177, 75 Ct. Cl. 605, and in U. S. Light & Heat Corporation v. United States (Ct. Cl.) 3 F. Supp. 861, Englert Mfg. Company v. United States (Ct. Cl.) 3 F. Supp. 873, and Universal Battery Company v. U", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 F. Supp. 861", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0861_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7075e907e8ad4ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 1645, "end": 1659, "quote": "3 F. Supp. 873", "context": "poration v. United States (Ct. Cl.) 3 F. Supp. 861, Englert Mfg. Company v. United States (Ct. Cl.) 3 F. Supp. 873, and Universal Battery Company v. United States (Ct. Cl.) 3 F. Supp. 878, decided to-day.\n’ The fac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 F. Supp. 873", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0873_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b802fa833678e73b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 1718, "end": 1732, "quote": "3 F. Supp. 878", "context": "v. United States (Ct. Cl.) 3 F. Supp. 873, and Universal Battery Company v. United States (Ct. Cl.) 3 F. Supp. 878, decided to-day.\n’ The facts in the instant case are in all essential respects parallel to the fact", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 F. Supp. 878", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0878_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "910379496a829bc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 2309, "end": 2321, "quote": "65 F.(2d) 89", "context": "he meaning of the taxing statutes. See, also, C. F. Routzahn, Col., v. Willard Storage Battery Co., 65 F.(2d) 89, decided May 9, 1933, by C. C. A., Sixth Circuit, and McCaughn, Col., v. Electric Storage Battery C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 F.2d 89", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_65/0089_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "862529162f84153f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_3/0886_01/index.html", "start": 2425, "end": 2438, "quote": "63 F.(2d) 715", "context": "cided May 9, 1933, by C. C. A., Sixth Circuit, and McCaughn, Col., v. Electric Storage Battery Co., 63 F.(2d) 715, decided January 31, 1933, by C. C. A., Third Circuit.\nThe plaintiff is entitled to recover, and ju", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 F.2d 715", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_63/0715_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "81c874f206b28e12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 4885, "end": 4897, "quote": "298 U.S. 178", "context": "tent and preponderant proof is upon the plaintiff. McNutt v. General Motors Acceptance Corporation, 298 U.S. 178, 182, 189, 56 S.Ct. 780, 80 L.Ed. 1135; Kvos, Inc. v. Associated Press, 299 U.S. 269, 278, 57 S.Ct.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "298 U.S. 178", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f28eb80a35dcf0b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 4909, "end": 4921, "quote": "56 S.Ct. 780", "context": "oof is upon the plaintiff. McNutt v. General Motors Acceptance Corporation, 298 U.S. 178, 182, 189, 56 S.Ct. 780, 80 L.Ed. 1135; Kvos, Inc. v. Associated Press, 299 U.S. 269, 278, 57 S.Ct. 197, 81 L.Ed. 183; Bowm", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 S. Ct. 780", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5318ed27b87f3e6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 4923, "end": 4936, "quote": "80 L.Ed. 1135", "context": "e plaintiff. McNutt v. General Motors Acceptance Corporation, 298 U.S. 178, 182, 189, 56 S.Ct. 780, 80 L.Ed. 1135; Kvos, Inc. v. Associated Press, 299 U.S. 269, 278, 57 S.Ct. 197, 81 L.Ed. 183; Bowman v. White, 38", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 L. Ed. 1135", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0176b1c309b62794", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 4970, "end": 4982, "quote": "299 U.S. 269", "context": "e Corporation, 298 U.S. 178, 182, 189, 56 S.Ct. 780, 80 L.Ed. 1135; Kvos, Inc. v. Associated Press, 299 U.S. 269, 278, 57 S.Ct. 197, 81 L.Ed. 183; Bowman v. White, 388 F.2d 756, 760 (4th Cir. 1968); Hedberg v. St", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "299 U.S. 269", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29ced4eabe956d0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 4989, "end": 5001, "quote": "57 S.Ct. 197", "context": "U.S. 178, 182, 189, 56 S.Ct. 780, 80 L.Ed. 1135; Kvos, Inc. v. Associated Press, 299 U.S. 269, 278, 57 S.Ct. 197, 81 L.Ed. 183; Bowman v. White, 388 F.2d 756, 760 (4th Cir. 1968); Hedberg v. State Farm Mutual Aut", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 S. Ct. 197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d235781c3e2aaab4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 5003, "end": 5015, "quote": "81 L.Ed. 183", "context": " 189, 56 S.Ct. 780, 80 L.Ed. 1135; Kvos, Inc. v. Associated Press, 299 U.S. 269, 278, 57 S.Ct. 197, 81 L.Ed. 183; Bowman v. White, 388 F.2d 756, 760 (4th Cir. 1968); Hedberg v. State Farm Mutual Auto Ins. Co., 35", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 L. Ed. 183", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8092f547b3f82a5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 5034, "end": 5046, "quote": "388 F.2d 756", "context": "35; Kvos, Inc. v. Associated Press, 299 U.S. 269, 278, 57 S.Ct. 197, 81 L.Ed. 183; Bowman v. White, 388 F.2d 756, 760 (4th Cir. 1968); Hedberg v. State Farm Mutual Auto Ins. Co., 350 F.2d 924, 929 (8th Cir. 1965)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "388 F.2d 756", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_388/0756_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "be2f7ea76585e404", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 5113, "end": 5125, "quote": "350 F.2d 924", "context": "83; Bowman v. White, 388 F.2d 756, 760 (4th Cir. 1968); Hedberg v. State Farm Mutual Auto Ins. Co., 350 F.2d 924, 929 (8th Cir. 1965). The complaint must state on its face the grounds for .the Court’s jurisdictio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "350 F.2d 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_350/0924_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a3938632e541a8a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 5294, "end": 5300, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ds for .the Court’s jurisdiction. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 8(a) (2). Bowman v. White, supra, Gold-Washing and Water Co. v. Keyes, 96 U.S. 199, 24 L.Ed. 656; Ivey v. Frost, 346 F.2d 115, (8th C", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "388 F.2d 756", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_388/0756_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "50899b6304eef0d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 5338, "end": 5349, "quote": "96 U.S. 199", "context": "les of Civil Procedure, Rule 8(a) (2). Bowman v. White, supra, Gold-Washing and Water Co. v. Keyes, 96 U.S. 199, 24 L.Ed. 656; Ivey v. Frost, 346 F.2d 115, (8th Cir. 1965).\nTo exercise jurisdiction over PLIB, an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 U.S. 199", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bfcc85030dbee0a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 5351, "end": 5363, "quote": "24 L.Ed. 656", "context": "Procedure, Rule 8(a) (2). Bowman v. White, supra, Gold-Washing and Water Co. v. Keyes, 96 U.S. 199, 24 L.Ed. 656; Ivey v. Frost, 346 F.2d 115, (8th Cir. 1965).\nTo exercise jurisdiction over PLIB, an out-of-state-", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 L. Ed. 656", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a429c205d20e095", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 5380, "end": 5392, "quote": "346 F.2d 115", "context": "man v. White, supra, Gold-Washing and Water Co. v. Keyes, 96 U.S. 199, 24 L.Ed. 656; Ivey v. Frost, 346 F.2d 115, (8th Cir. 1965).\nTo exercise jurisdiction over PLIB, an out-of-state-defendant, on the facts of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "346 F.2d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_346/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "77ecd22a7fbfaacf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 5976, "end": 5985, "quote": "§ 8-81.2.", "context": "s used in the Chapter, it shall include “corporation, etc.” The pertinent parts of the Chapter are:\n§ 8-81.2. When personal jurisdiction over person may be exercised.\n(a) A court may exercise personal jurisdic", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9525aff3f47e77b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 8370, "end": 8382, "quote": "239 F.2d 502", "context": "cting business. It appears to be only an incidental activity. Erlanger Mills v. Cohoes Fibre Mills, 239 F.2d 502, 507 (4th Cir. 1956); Beaty v. M. S. Steel Co., Inc., 401 F.2d 157 (4th Cir. 1968).\nThe cause of ac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "239 F.2d 502", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_239/0502_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "521c5143093efb76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 8437, "end": 8449, "quote": "401 F.2d 157", "context": "ger Mills v. Cohoes Fibre Mills, 239 F.2d 502, 507 (4th Cir. 1956); Beaty v. M. S. Steel Co., Inc., 401 F.2d 157 (4th Cir. 1968).\nThe cause of action did not arise from sending the person to Virginia to make an i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "401 F.2d 157", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_401/0157_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d0a9d94c7abdc40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 9066, "end": 9083, "quote": "Section 8-81.2(a)", "context": "pply services or things in Virginia. The evidence does not bring this case within the provisions of Section 8-81.2(a) (2).\nUnder 8-81.2(a) (3), jurisdiction can only be obtained over one “causing tortious injury by an", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "899370a87917811f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 10331, "end": 10337, "quote": "supra.", "context": "ed or services rendered, in this State. It means substantial. Erlanger Mills v. Cohoes Fibre Mills, supra. As pointed out above, PLIB does not solicit any business in Virginia, it renders no services in Vir", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "239 F.2d 502", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_239/0502_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "60483e38994757c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 12192, "end": 12207, "quote": "Section 8.2-103", "context": " and defendant is not a defense in an action brought against the “manufacturer or seller of goods.” Section 8.2-103 of said Code defines a seller as one “who sells or contracts to sell goods.” Since sub-section (a) ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b814a5637050a903", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 12314, "end": 12328, "quote": "Section 8-81.2", "context": "d Code defines a seller as one “who sells or contracts to sell goods.” Since sub-section (a) (5) of Section 8-81.2 permits jurisdiction to be obtained in an action for “breach of warranty” only when the warranty is", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c29c9c64945af76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 13028, "end": 13035, "quote": "the Act", "context": "aynes was an employee of Childrey, and as such has received and continues to receive benefits under the Act.\nFacts heretofore stated will not be repeated. Some additional facts may be pertinent. The trusses ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5d5f9fa83c31404", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 13826, "end": 13839, "quote": "Section 65-20", "context": "he work” in which the employer of the injured person is engaged. Code of Virginia 1950, as amended, Section 65-20, 27, 37, 38, 39. Bristow v. Safway Steel Products, 327 F.2d 608 (4th Cir. 1964). Under the Act an i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4476ef424e610a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 13891, "end": 13903, "quote": "327 F.2d 608", "context": "Code of Virginia 1950, as amended, Section 65-20, 27, 37, 38, 39. Bristow v. Safway Steel Products, 327 F.2d 608 (4th Cir. 1964). Under the Act an injured employee has no right of action against a sub-contractor ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "327 F.2d 608", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_327/0608_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cf178808858ab064", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 13927, "end": 13934, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ection 65-20, 27, 37, 38, 39. Bristow v. Safway Steel Products, 327 F.2d 608 (4th Cir. 1964). Under the Act an injured employee has no right of action against a sub-contractor of his employer or the sub-cont", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e2cd20f76567efa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 14130, "end": 14142, "quote": "369 F.2d 933", "context": "contractor’s offending servant. See Code 65-37. Western Contracting Corp. v. Power Engineering Co., 369 F.2d 933, 935 (4th Cir. 1966).\nCarr contends that it and its employees were engaged in the work undertaken b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "369 F.2d 933", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_369/0933_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38c1f38656b9d644", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 14316, "end": 14323, "quote": "the Act", "context": "d in the work undertaken by Childrey and that Carr’s employees were, therefore, for the purposes of the Act, employees of Childrey. Virginia Code 65-27, etc. On the other hand, Haynes says Carr was a mere su", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d25d4147929b2e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 14747, "end": 14754, "quote": "the Act", "context": "o place the economic loss upon the project and to limit the workman’s recovery to that specified in the Act.” Turnage v. Northern Virginia Steel Corp., 336 F.2d 837, 841 (4th Cir. 1964). But, where an injury", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3a48082b3c0e8360", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 14799, "end": 14811, "quote": "336 F.2d 837", "context": "mit the workman’s recovery to that specified in the Act.” Turnage v. Northern Virginia Steel Corp., 336 F.2d 837, 841 (4th Cir. 1964). But, where an injury is caused by the negligence of one not engaged in the ov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "336 F.2d 837", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_336/0837_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "086bf56a355a310a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15018, "end": 15025, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ndertaking, that is, a stranger to the business, the injured party is not limited to recovery under the Act and may bring action against the stranger. Under the Act the rights and remedies granted “shall exc", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62c847741f97be99", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15075, "end": 15082, "quote": "the Act", "context": "red party is not limited to recovery under the Act and may bring action against the stranger. Under the Act the rights and remedies granted “shall exclude all other rights or remedies of the employee to reco", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f30c0d42c88285d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15266, "end": 15277, "quote": "207 Va. 539", "context": "employee to recover for injuries incurred during the course of his employment.” Bosher v. Jamerson, 207 Va. 539, 151 S.E.2d 375, 376 (1966). An employee may maintain an action at law against the person who cause", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "207 Va. 539", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c85660a1ef259393", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15279, "end": 15293, "quote": "151 S.E.2d 375", "context": "ecover for injuries incurred during the course of his employment.” Bosher v. Jamerson, 207 Va. 539, 151 S.E.2d 375, 376 (1966). An employee may maintain an action at law against the person who caused the injury if ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 S.E.2d 375", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5356f9f22c568ad6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15438, "end": 15445, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ion at law against the person who caused the injury if he is an “other party” within the meaning of the Act. Bosher v. Jamerson, supra. Even though Carr may have been an independent contractor, if Carr perfo", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2379ae965a343beb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15467, "end": 15473, "quote": "supra.", "context": " who caused the injury if he is an “other party” within the meaning of the Act. Bosher v. Jamerson, supra. Even though Carr may have been an independent contractor, if Carr performed work on behalf of Child", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ea704c6bd1dc060", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15634, "end": 15639, "quote": "supra", "context": " Carr performed work on behalf of Childrey, then Carr was not an “other party.” Bosher v. Jamerson, supra [151 S.E.2d 377], and Haynes’ right to recover is limited to the Act. Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitc", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a54cca1e212a4d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15641, "end": 15655, "quote": "151 S.E.2d 377", "context": "erformed work on behalf of Childrey, then Carr was not an “other party.” Bosher v. Jamerson, supra [151 S.E.2d 377], and Haynes’ right to recover is limited to the Act. Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, 203 Va. 26", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 S.E.2d 377", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ab8ec02f2a5a3e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15701, "end": 15708, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ther party.” Bosher v. Jamerson, supra [151 S.E.2d 377], and Haynes’ right to recover is limited to the Act. Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, 203 Va. 269, 274, 123 S.E.2d 369, 372 (1962).\nHere, Carr was aw", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d8e6e730d167572", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15745, "end": 15756, "quote": "203 Va. 269", "context": "S.E.2d 377], and Haynes’ right to recover is limited to the Act. Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, 203 Va. 269, 274, 123 S.E.2d 369, 372 (1962).\nHere, Carr was awarded a subcontract to construct wood trusses fo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "203 Va. 269", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2939606cf34ba3a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 15763, "end": 15777, "quote": "123 S.E.2d 369", "context": "aynes’ right to recover is limited to the Act. Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, 203 Va. 269, 274, 123 S.E.2d 369, 372 (1962).\nHere, Carr was awarded a subcontract to construct wood trusses for Childrey. He was to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S.E.2d 369", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "020c4e6b62d771a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 16257, "end": 16264, "quote": "the Act", "context": "d occupation of Childrey. Hence, neither Carr nor Haynes was an “other party” within the meaning of the Act. Carr was obligated to construct the trusses and place them where directed by Childrey.\nThe case at", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e58ec315325ca3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 16447, "end": 16458, "quote": "203 Va. 269", "context": "drey.\nThe case at bar falls within the principles (and facts) of Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, 203 Va. 269, 123 S.E.2d 369, and Bosher v. Jamerson, supra. As said in Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, supra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "203 Va. 269", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d06f3da844b5b410", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 16460, "end": 16474, "quote": "123 S.E.2d 369", "context": "e at bar falls within the principles (and facts) of Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, 203 Va. 269, 123 S.E.2d 369, and Bosher v. Jamerson, supra. As said in Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, supra, “The test is n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S.E.2d 369", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "266c3f42393a74fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 16500, "end": 16506, "quote": "supra.", "context": "d facts) of Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, 203 Va. 269, 123 S.E.2d 369, and Bosher v. Jamerson, supra. As said in Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, supra, “The test is not whether the owner [contractor", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb72fcc3b43d4752", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 16553, "end": 16559, "quote": "supra,", "context": ". 269, 123 S.E.2d 369, and Bosher v. Jamerson, supra. As said in Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, supra, “The test is not whether the owner [contractor], by engaging an independent contractor to perform s", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7915ad6753eefe64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 16900, "end": 16907, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ing work that is part of the trade, business or occupation of the owner.” If he is, he comes within the Act. In Anderson v. Thorington Construction Company, 201 Va. 266, 110 S.E.2d 396, 399, the court said, ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "361cb555197a876f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 16957, "end": 16968, "quote": "201 Va. 266", "context": "n of the owner.” If he is, he comes within the Act. In Anderson v. Thorington Construction Company, 201 Va. 266, 110 S.E.2d 396, 399, the court said, “[I]t clearly appears to be the purpose of section 20(a) [now", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "201 Va. 266", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b31e4f4e61b6f763", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 16970, "end": 16984, "quote": "110 S.E.2d 396", "context": "r.” If he is, he comes within the Act. In Anderson v. Thorington Construction Company, 201 Va. 266, 110 S.E.2d 396, 399, the court said, “[I]t clearly appears to be the purpose of section 20(a) [now §§ 65-26 to 65-", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S.E.2d 396", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9042a02bb5fa070f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 17050, "end": 17063, "quote": "section 20(a)", "context": "mpany, 201 Va. 266, 110 S.E.2d 396, 399, the court said, “[I]t clearly appears to be the purpose of section 20(a) [now §§ 65-26 to 65-31] to bring within the operation of the Compensation Act all persons engaged i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94f30720459c7561", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 17069, "end": 17077, "quote": "§§ 65-26", "context": " 110 S.E.2d 396, 399, the court said, “[I]t clearly appears to be the purpose of section 20(a) [now §§ 65-26 to 65-31] to bring within the operation of the Compensation Act all persons engaged in any work tha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "004ba60ef0a6fa86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 17528, "end": 17535, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ng performed by the emyploye is not a part, then that employer is not liable to that employe” under the Act, and then “the employe's right of action at common law is preserved.” This principle was affirmed i", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "072c4c748f715071", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 17650, "end": 17661, "quote": "198 Va. 712", "context": " employe's right of action at common law is preserved.” This principle was affirmed in Rea v. Ford, 198 Va. 712, 96 S.E.2d 92, where the Court held the personal representative of an employee of a principal contr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "198 Va. 712", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d2652de61f3f57c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 17663, "end": 17675, "quote": "96 S.E.2d 92", "context": "ght of action at common law is preserved.” This principle was affirmed in Rea v. Ford, 198 Va. 712, 96 S.E.2d 92, where the Court held the personal representative of an employee of a principal contractor could no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S.E.2d 92", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e51b512884b5d076", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 17945, "end": 17952, "quote": "the Act", "context": "se such contractors were not strangers to the employment and the work, and were under the canopy of the Act.\nIn Rea v. Ford, supra, Daniel, a general contractor, in the erection of steel trusses, rented from", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f6f93e638553a3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 17970, "end": 17976, "quote": "supra,", "context": "not strangers to the employment and the work, and were under the canopy of the Act.\nIn Rea v. Ford, supra, Daniel, a general contractor, in the erection of steel trusses, rented from Ford a crane and crew t", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95d2d94be2149b8d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 18267, "end": 18274, "quote": "the Act", "context": "a’s administratrix against Ford, the Court held Ford was not an “other party” within the meaning of the Act. There, the Court quoted with approval from Doane v. E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., 209 F.2d 921, 9", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8da5ca24644f7cdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 18359, "end": 18371, "quote": "209 F.2d 921", "context": "ning of the Act. There, the Court quoted with approval from Doane v. E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., 209 F.2d 921, 924 (4th Cir.) In that case The Texas Company employed Du Pont to remove certain sediment and slud", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "209 F.2d 921", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_209/0921_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c15eb9d0918b96e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 18598, "end": 18605, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ployees of Texas brought action against Du Pont to recover injuries. The Court held that nothing in the Act indicated a workman “has a common law right of action against any contractor or workman below him i", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16b3bd20f39bd161", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 18940, "end": 18952, "quote": "209 F.2d 923", "context": "xas, and hence under the law of Virginia, the plaintiffs have no cause of action against Du Pont.” [209 F.2d 923].\nIn Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, 203 Va. 269, 123 S.E.2d 369 (1962), Floyd, an employee of G", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "209 F.2d 923", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c893cbc5b776ce43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 18993, "end": 19004, "quote": "203 Va. 269", "context": "ffs have no cause of action against Du Pont.” [209 F.2d 923].\nIn Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, 203 Va. 269, 123 S.E.2d 369 (1962), Floyd, an employee of Glamorgan Pipe and Foundry Company, was struck and ki", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "203 Va. 269", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9963407328bfd941", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 19006, "end": 19020, "quote": "123 S.E.2d 369", "context": "ause of action against Du Pont.” [209 F.2d 923].\nIn Floyd, Administratrix v. Mitchell, 203 Va. 269, 123 S.E.2d 369 (1962), Floyd, an employee of Glamorgan Pipe and Foundry Company, was struck and killed by a tracto", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S.E.2d 369", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9dad8257d38e8472", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 20395, "end": 20409, "quote": "123 S.E.2d 372", "context": "ent contractor is performing work that is part of the trade, business or occupation of the owner.” [123 S.E.2d 372],\nIn the ease at bar, Carr was performing work which was a part of the trade, business and occupati", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S.E.2d 372", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c63918fdd56b44c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 20718, "end": 20729, "quote": "201 Va. 266", "context": "t and men had it determined that ,to be a better way.\nSee also Anderson v. Thorington Construction, 201 Va. 266, 110 S.E.2d 396; Williams v. E. T. Gresham Company, 201 Va. 457, 111 S.E.2d 498; Beall, Admx. v. St", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "201 Va. 266", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d69b4b53c246cdc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 20731, "end": 20745, "quote": "110 S.E.2d 396", "context": " it determined that ,to be a better way.\nSee also Anderson v. Thorington Construction, 201 Va. 266, 110 S.E.2d 396; Williams v. E. T. Gresham Company, 201 Va. 457, 111 S.E.2d 498; Beall, Admx. v. Standard Electric ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S.E.2d 396", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b346ba0cce4f2bad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 20782, "end": 20793, "quote": "201 Va. 457", "context": "nderson v. Thorington Construction, 201 Va. 266, 110 S.E.2d 396; Williams v. E. T. Gresham Company, 201 Va. 457, 111 S.E.2d 498; Beall, Admx. v. Standard Electric Co., 404 F.2d 881, E.D.Va., Judge Lewis, Novembe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "201 Va. 457", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e8ed80757608fb7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 20795, "end": 20809, "quote": "111 S.E.2d 498", "context": "orington Construction, 201 Va. 266, 110 S.E.2d 396; Williams v. E. T. Gresham Company, 201 Va. 457, 111 S.E.2d 498; Beall, Admx. v. Standard Electric Co., 404 F.2d 881, E.D.Va., Judge Lewis, November 28, 1967, affi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 S.E.2d 498", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60aeb6447f1b03cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 20850, "end": 20862, "quote": "404 F.2d 881", "context": "liams v. E. T. Gresham Company, 201 Va. 457, 111 S.E.2d 498; Beall, Admx. v. Standard Electric Co., 404 F.2d 881, E.D.Va., Judge Lewis, November 28, 1967, affirmed; Case No. 12,202, December 26, 1968 (4th Cir.) T", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "404 F.2d 881", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_404/0881_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3b5d3ceb0bc598ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_307/1228_01/index.html", "start": 21693, "end": 21700, "quote": "the Act", "context": "epealed and re-enacted in 196S, effective October 1, 1968, and is now Title 65.1. The provisions of the Act are substantially the same. Since the accident occurred in October 1965, the statute prior to amend", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "868fd9a6b48360c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 2303, "end": 2315, "quote": "372 U.S. 353", "context": "had been denied his right to appeal the original conviction, in violation of Douglas v. California, 372 U.S. 353, 83 S.Ct. 814, 9 L.Ed.2d 811 (1963), and thereupon granted relator a right to appeal to the Pennsyl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 U.S. 353", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90a51563d169fc81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 2317, "end": 2329, "quote": "83 S.Ct. 814", "context": "d his right to appeal the original conviction, in violation of Douglas v. California, 372 U.S. 353, 83 S.Ct. 814, 9 L.Ed.2d 811 (1963), and thereupon granted relator a right to appeal to the Pennsylvania Supreme ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S. Ct. 814", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9004f36098a752ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 2331, "end": 2344, "quote": "9 L.Ed.2d 811", "context": " appeal the original conviction, in violation of Douglas v. California, 372 U.S. 353, 83 S.Ct. 814, 9 L.Ed.2d 811 (1963), and thereupon granted relator a right to appeal to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court nunc pro ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 L. Ed. 2d 811", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c184a15e4ea58ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 2760, "end": 2772, "quote": "372 U.S. 391", "context": " his case is in a proper posture for an adjudication of his constitutional claims. See Fay v. Noia, 372 U.S. 391, 83 S.Ct. 822, 9 L.Ed.2d 837 (1963).\nWe have examined the notes of testimony of relator’s trial, an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 U.S. 391", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1978f2367c1918a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 2774, "end": 2786, "quote": "83 S.Ct. 822", "context": "n a proper posture for an adjudication of his constitutional claims. See Fay v. Noia, 372 U.S. 391, 83 S.Ct. 822, 9 L.Ed.2d 837 (1963).\nWe have examined the notes of testimony of relator’s trial, and the petition", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S. Ct. 822", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1672415a0b2da0a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 2788, "end": 2801, "quote": "9 L.Ed.2d 837", "context": "ture for an adjudication of his constitutional claims. See Fay v. Noia, 372 U.S. 391, 83 S.Ct. 822, 9 L.Ed.2d 837 (1963).\nWe have examined the notes of testimony of relator’s trial, and the petitions, briefs, and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 L. Ed. 2d 837", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59816359f27f1987", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 3935, "end": 3947, "quote": "378 U.S. 368", "context": " the judge determined that the confession was, in fact, voluntary.\nIn the case of Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 12 L.Ed.2d 908 (1964), the Supreme Court held that a defendant was denied due proce", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "378 U.S. 368", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "795c81154eeeae35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 3949, "end": 3962, "quote": "84 S.Ct. 1774", "context": "ermined that the confession was, in fact, voluntary.\nIn the case of Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 12 L.Ed.2d 908 (1964), the Supreme Court held that a defendant was denied due process of law by th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 S. Ct. 1774", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ff94f387bb613f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 3964, "end": 3978, "quote": "12 L.Ed.2d 908", "context": "e confession was, in fact, voluntary.\nIn the case of Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 12 L.Ed.2d 908 (1964), the Supreme Court held that a defendant was denied due process of law by the admission of h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 L. Ed. 2d 908", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c22085b38d62465b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 4631, "end": 4644, "quote": "438 F.2d 1343", "context": "n decision must be given retroactive effect [see, e. g., United States ex rel. Russo v. New Jersey, 438 F.2d 1343, 1348 (3d Cir. 1971)], the Pennsylvania Supreme Court has held that the Jackson ruling must be give", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "438 F.2d 1343", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_438/1343_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "248b404fc1572bb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 4871, "end": 4882, "quote": "416 Pa. 321", "context": "te court convictions finalized prior to the date of Jackson. Commonwealth ex rel. Butler v. Rundle, 416 Pa. 321, 206 A.2d 283 (1965).\nThus, at first blush, it would appear that relator was entitled to relief in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "416 Pa. 321", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5418e870ecc1f42e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 4884, "end": 4896, "quote": "206 A.2d 283", "context": "ictions finalized prior to the date of Jackson. Commonwealth ex rel. Butler v. Rundle, 416 Pa. 321, 206 A.2d 283 (1965).\nThus, at first blush, it would appear that relator was entitled to relief in his nunc pro t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "206 A.2d 283", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc5c5bd56ec29940", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 5239, "end": 5250, "quote": "437 Pa. 432", "context": " effect, and [that] this issue would ordinarily be available to appellant” [Commonwealth v. Faison, 437 Pa. 432, 448, 264 A.2d 394, 402 (1970)], held that relator’s failure to raise this issue in his prior state", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "437 Pa. 432", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7deee79925724b0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 5257, "end": 5269, "quote": "264 A.2d 394", "context": "] this issue would ordinarily be available to appellant” [Commonwealth v. Faison, 437 Pa. 432, 448, 264 A.2d 394, 402 (1970)], held that relator’s failure to raise this issue in his prior state habeas corpus proc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "264 A.2d 394", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22711c57d4dfd58b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 5433, "end": 5442, "quote": "section 4", "context": "n his prior state habeas corpus proceeding constituted a waiver of that issue within the meaning of section 4 of the Pennsylvania Post-Conviction Hearing Act and therefore precluded relator from raising the is", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2594c66a8b8289ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 5576, "end": 5585, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "on Hearing Act and therefore precluded relator from raising the issue on appeal. The court stated:\n“Section 4 embodies a rule of procedural finality whereby the failure to assert an alleged constitutional depr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d194b2e0edf19646", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 5804, "end": 5814, "quote": "Id. at 442", "context": "er litigation forecloses the opportunity to challenge that deprivation in a subsequent proceeding.” Id. at 442, 264 A.2d at 399.\nWhile this section had previously only been applied to post-conviction hearing pr", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "264 A.2d 394", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25fb63efe3f1a577", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 5816, "end": 5831, "quote": "264 A.2d at 399", "context": "n forecloses the opportunity to challenge that deprivation in a subsequent proceeding.” Id. at 442, 264 A.2d at 399.\nWhile this section had previously only been applied to post-conviction hearing proceedings, in Fai", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "264 A.2d 394", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20b7b263affae917", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 5936, "end": 5942, "quote": "supra,", "context": "le this section had previously only been applied to post-conviction hearing proceedings, in Faison, supra, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court held that the section 4 waiver also applied to nunc pro tunc appeals", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5cb56a4105b8143", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 5988, "end": 5997, "quote": "section 4", "context": "post-conviction hearing proceedings, in Faison, supra, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court held that the section 4 waiver also applied to nunc pro tunc appeals where a collateral state proceeding had been previousl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a80933b3f4b3a3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 6331, "end": 6343, "quote": "379 U.S. 443", "context": "ich have not been raised earlier may be waived in subsequent proceedings [see Henry v. Mississippi, 379 U.S. 443, 85 S.Ct. 564, 13 L.Ed.2d 408 (1965)], we find that the waiver provision in section 4 of the Post-C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "379 U.S. 443", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8204e020183cebe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 6345, "end": 6357, "quote": "85 S.Ct. 564", "context": "een raised earlier may be waived in subsequent proceedings [see Henry v. Mississippi, 379 U.S. 443, 85 S.Ct. 564, 13 L.Ed.2d 408 (1965)], we find that the waiver provision in section 4 of the Post-Conviction Hear", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 S. Ct. 564", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f1f1305b0c073d4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 6359, "end": 6373, "quote": "13 L.Ed.2d 408", "context": "lier may be waived in subsequent proceedings [see Henry v. Mississippi, 379 U.S. 443, 85 S.Ct. 564, 13 L.Ed.2d 408 (1965)], we find that the waiver provision in section 4 of the Post-Conviction Hearing Act has no a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 L. Ed. 2d 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32907b696c8d4de3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 6420, "end": 6429, "quote": "section 4", "context": "ssissippi, 379 U.S. 443, 85 S.Ct. 564, 13 L.Ed.2d 408 (1965)], we find that the waiver provision in section 4 of the Post-Conviction Hearing Act has no applicability in the instant case for two reasons.\nFIRST:", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c82397b16a9df5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 6669, "end": 6678, "quote": "section 4", "context": "hin the last few months, repudiated its previous decisions which held that the waiver provisions of section 4 apply to preclude raising issues which were not raised in previous state habeas corpus proceedings.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f471985f76c7bbc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 6806, "end": 6817, "quote": "442 Pa. 339", "context": "ssues which were not raised in previous state habeas corpus proceedings. In Commonwealth v. Cannon, 442 Pa. 339, 275 A.2d 293, 294-295 (filed March 25, 1971), the court stated:\n“This Court in the past has held w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "442 Pa. 339", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08492da8b44929cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 6819, "end": 6831, "quote": "275 A.2d 293", "context": "ere not raised in previous state habeas corpus proceedings. In Commonwealth v. Cannon, 442 Pa. 339, 275 A.2d 293, 294-295 (filed March 25, 1971), the court stated:\n“This Court in the past has held without discuss", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "275 A.2d 293", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "172f4cf06f6695dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 7176, "end": 7183, "quote": "the Act", "context": "matter, we believe that those decisions were ill-founded and now hold that the waiver provisions of the Act do not apply retroactively to habeas corpus proceedings instituted prior to the effective date of t", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5797fd1f1e0f26e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 7282, "end": 7289, "quote": "the Act", "context": "t do not apply retroactively to habeas corpus proceedings instituted prior to the effective date of the Act.”\nAs a result of the Cannon decision, which was decided subsequent to relator’s nunc pro tunc appea", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "844e3749f95110bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 10588, "end": 10600, "quote": "378 U.S. 368", "context": "confession in the state courts in accordance with valid state procedures. * * * ” Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 393, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 1789, 12 L.Ed.2d 908 (1964).\nThus, in accordance with Jackson, we hold that re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "378 U.S. 368", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb867dec06b2ddf9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 10607, "end": 10620, "quote": "84 S.Ct. 1774", "context": "tate courts in accordance with valid state procedures. * * * ” Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 393, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 1789, 12 L.Ed.2d 908 (1964).\nThus, in accordance with Jackson, we hold that relator is entitled to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 S. Ct. 1774", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3fb14f83bd23b7fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 10628, "end": 10642, "quote": "12 L.Ed.2d 908", "context": "ance with valid state procedures. * * * ” Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 393, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 1789, 12 L.Ed.2d 908 (1964).\nThus, in accordance with Jackson, we hold that relator is entitled to a hearing on the volu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 L. Ed. 2d 908", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07d4f5832313788d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 11905, "end": 11917, "quote": "344 U.S. 561", "context": "s, accord with their decisions. As the Supreme Court noted in United States ex rel. Smith v. Baldi, 344 U.S. 561, 569-570, 73 S.Ct. 391, 395, 97 L.Ed. 549 (1953):\n“[N]ot ‘unless special circumstances prevail, sho", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "344 U.S. 561", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b8f266f4dca78ac7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 11928, "end": 11940, "quote": "73 S.Ct. 391", "context": "cisions. As the Supreme Court noted in United States ex rel. Smith v. Baldi, 344 U.S. 561, 569-570, 73 S.Ct. 391, 395, 97 L.Ed. 549 (1953):\n“[N]ot ‘unless special circumstances prevail, should the lowest federal ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 S. Ct. 391", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f625b56eb35c918", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 11947, "end": 11959, "quote": "97 L.Ed. 549", "context": "reme Court noted in United States ex rel. Smith v. Baldi, 344 U.S. 561, 569-570, 73 S.Ct. 391, 395, 97 L.Ed. 549 (1953):\n“[N]ot ‘unless special circumstances prevail, should the lowest federal court reverse the h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 L. Ed. 549", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42c9ca41d2b32f39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 13800, "end": 13802, "quote": "§,", "context": "ed to an evidentiary hearing to determine the voluntariness of his confession.\n. Pa.Stat., tit. 19, §, 1180-1 et seq. (1966).\n. Commonwealth v. Faison, 437 Pa. 432, 264 A.2d 394 (1970).\n. Although relat", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39c5339817b8b296", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 13852, "end": 13863, "quote": "437 Pa. 432", "context": "ariness of his confession.\n. Pa.Stat., tit. 19, §, 1180-1 et seq. (1966).\n. Commonwealth v. Faison, 437 Pa. 432, 264 A.2d 394 (1970).\n. Although relator’s allegation that his confession was involuntarily obtaine", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "437 Pa. 432", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "177e8d9594b0fad3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 13865, "end": 13877, "quote": "264 A.2d 394", "context": "s confession.\n. Pa.Stat., tit. 19, §, 1180-1 et seq. (1966).\n. Commonwealth v. Faison, 437 Pa. 432, 264 A.2d 394 (1970).\n. Although relator’s allegation that his confession was involuntarily obtained would ordina", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "264 A.2d 394", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13e18bc06713f215", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 14090, "end": 14102, "quote": "372 U.S. 293", "context": "ate our holding an evidentiary hearing before we could make an adjudication, [see Townsend v. Sain, 372 U.S. 293, 83 S.Ct. 745, 9 L.Ed.2d 770 (1963)], we conclude, in accordance with Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 36", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 U.S. 293", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f06069dbc29c70fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 14104, "end": 14116, "quote": "83 S.Ct. 745", "context": "g an evidentiary hearing before we could make an adjudication, [see Townsend v. Sain, 372 U.S. 293, 83 S.Ct. 745, 9 L.Ed.2d 770 (1963)], we conclude, in accordance with Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 84 S.Ct. 17", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S. Ct. 745", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "870bf70709001101", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 14118, "end": 14131, "quote": "9 L.Ed.2d 770", "context": "ry hearing before we could make an adjudication, [see Townsend v. Sain, 372 U.S. 293, 83 S.Ct. 745, 9 L.Ed.2d 770 (1963)], we conclude, in accordance with Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 12 L.Ed.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 L. Ed. 2d 770", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "308a28b918339429", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 14191, "end": 14203, "quote": "378 U.S. 368", "context": "72 U.S. 293, 83 S.Ct. 745, 9 L.Ed.2d 770 (1963)], we conclude, in accordance with Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 12 L.Ed.2d 908 (1964), that such a hearing should be held by the state courts. See ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "378 U.S. 368", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c442830c2bd716a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 14205, "end": 14218, "quote": "84 S.Ct. 1774", "context": "3 S.Ct. 745, 9 L.Ed.2d 770 (1963)], we conclude, in accordance with Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 12 L.Ed.2d 908 (1964), that such a hearing should be held by the state courts. See p. 991, infra.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 S. Ct. 1774", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49ec79bbd7798822", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_329/0988_01/index.html", "start": 14220, "end": 14234, "quote": "12 L.Ed.2d 908", "context": "L.Ed.2d 770 (1963)], we conclude, in accordance with Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368, 84 S.Ct. 1774, 12 L.Ed.2d 908 (1964), that such a hearing should be held by the state courts. See p. 991, infra.\n. The Petition w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 L. Ed. 2d 908", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e9b6886c72a6c8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_345/0279_01/index.html", "start": 9390, "end": 9402, "quote": "383 U.S. 363", "context": "ng derivative suits which produce tangible beneficial results. See Surowitz v. Hilton Hotels Corp., 383 U.S. 363, 371, 86 S.Ct. 845, 15 L.Ed.2d 807 (1966) and Denney v. Phillips and Buttorff Corp., 331 F.2d 249, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "383 U.S. 363", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6287df22a114a27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_345/0279_01/index.html", "start": 9409, "end": 9421, "quote": "86 S.Ct. 845", "context": " which produce tangible beneficial results. See Surowitz v. Hilton Hotels Corp., 383 U.S. 363, 371, 86 S.Ct. 845, 15 L.Ed.2d 807 (1966) and Denney v. Phillips and Buttorff Corp., 331 F.2d 249, 251 (6th Cir. 1964)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 S. Ct. 845", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a74e31628b7b1d81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_345/0279_01/index.html", "start": 9423, "end": 9437, "quote": "15 L.Ed.2d 807", "context": " tangible beneficial results. See Surowitz v. Hilton Hotels Corp., 383 U.S. 363, 371, 86 S.Ct. 845, 15 L.Ed.2d 807 (1966) and Denney v. Phillips and Buttorff Corp., 331 F.2d 249, 251 (6th Cir. 1964).\nThe benefits t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 L. Ed. 2d 807", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab4119b64386c9ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_345/0279_01/index.html", "start": 9488, "end": 9500, "quote": "331 F.2d 249", "context": ", 383 U.S. 363, 371, 86 S.Ct. 845, 15 L.Ed.2d 807 (1966) and Denney v. Phillips and Buttorff Corp., 331 F.2d 249, 251 (6th Cir. 1964).\nThe benefits to B.S.F. from this litigation and settlements are substantial a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "331 F.2d 249", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_331/0249_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "91d581b83ceb4450", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 1696, "end": 1703, "quote": "the Act", "context": "efendant does not dispute that its agreement with plaintiff was a “dealer’s contract” as defined in the Act. Although it contends it did have “just cause” for the cancellation, its position on this motion fo", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37653ef2f6182d9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 3830, "end": 3837, "quote": "the Act", "context": " in the Puerto Rican Dealers’ Contracts Act. According to the Statement of Motives that accompanied the Act:\n“The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico can not remain indifferent to the growing number of cases in whic", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa7c82112e86fc36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 5090, "end": 5101, "quote": "section 187", "context": "ded him by the Puerto Rican legislature. 67The facts presented here fit squarely within the rule of section 187 of the Second Restatement of Conflict of Laws, which provides in part:\n“The law of the state chosen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52db5345c304f771", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 5671, "end": 5676, "quote": "§ 188", "context": "est than the chosen state in the determination of the particular issue and which, under the rule of § 188, would be the state of the applicable law in the absence of an effective choice of law by the parti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "376d96f7b9cff302", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 5781, "end": 5792, "quote": "Section 188", "context": "ld be the state of the applicable law in the absence of an effective choice of law by the parties.”\nSection 188 of the Second Restatement applies in the absence of an effective choice of law by the parties, and ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1f224b69ebc10e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 6149, "end": 6160, "quote": "section 188", "context": "ors that shape choice of law.\nWhether one applies the “most significant relation” test expressed in section 188 and in Auten v. Auten or the more récent “governmental interest” analysis of Intercontinental Plann", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "474528046975f5c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 7031, "end": 7042, "quote": "section 187", "context": "s, the general rule giving effect to the parties’ choice of law must bow to the exception stated in section 187 of the Second Restatement. While the New York courts have yet to rule on the exact issue here prese", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1d737180294d944", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 7375, "end": 7386, "quote": "section 187", "context": "a case decided in this district and applying New York law. Moreover, the New York courts have cited section 187 of the Second Restatement with approval. B.M. Heede, Inc. v. West India Mach. & Supply Co., a case ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3415752a65eff5cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 7995, "end": 8006, "quote": "section 187", "context": " as expressed in the Dealers’ Contracts Act, and he decided the Heede case prior to the adoption of section 187 of the Second Restatement of Conflict of Laws. While the failure to enforce the parties’ choice of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae069b51d96819f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 8889, "end": 8894, "quote": "§ 278", "context": "te. Thus, defendant’s motion for summary judgment is denied.\n. Puerto Rican Law No. 75, 10 L.P.R.A. § 278 et seq.\n. Klaxon Co. v. Stentor Elec. Mfg. Co., 313 U.S. 487, 61 S.Ct. 1020, 85 L.Ed. 1477 (1941).\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "238fc43cf82bf43a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 8943, "end": 8955, "quote": "313 U.S. 487", "context": "enied.\n. Puerto Rican Law No. 75, 10 L.P.R.A. § 278 et seq.\n. Klaxon Co. v. Stentor Elec. Mfg. Co., 313 U.S. 487, 61 S.Ct. 1020, 85 L.Ed. 1477 (1941).\n. See, e. g., Wyatt v. Fulrath, 16 N.Y.2d 169, 173, 264 N.Y.S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "313 U.S. 487", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1cebe0f96580ed2e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 8957, "end": 8970, "quote": "61 S.Ct. 1020", "context": "o Rican Law No. 75, 10 L.P.R.A. § 278 et seq.\n. Klaxon Co. v. Stentor Elec. Mfg. Co., 313 U.S. 487, 61 S.Ct. 1020, 85 L.Ed. 1477 (1941).\n. See, e. g., Wyatt v. Fulrath, 16 N.Y.2d 169, 173, 264 N.Y.S.2d 233, 211 N.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 S. Ct. 1020", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6867bb1953f7979d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 8972, "end": 8985, "quote": "85 L.Ed. 1477", "context": " 75, 10 L.P.R.A. § 278 et seq.\n. Klaxon Co. v. Stentor Elec. Mfg. Co., 313 U.S. 487, 61 S.Ct. 1020, 85 L.Ed. 1477 (1941).\n. See, e. g., Wyatt v. Fulrath, 16 N.Y.2d 169, 173, 264 N.Y.S.2d 233, 211 N.E.2d 637 (1965)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 L. Ed. 1477", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01bbde8018071716", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9026, "end": 9039, "quote": "16 N.Y.2d 169", "context": " Elec. Mfg. Co., 313 U.S. 487, 61 S.Ct. 1020, 85 L.Ed. 1477 (1941).\n. See, e. g., Wyatt v. Fulrath, 16 N.Y.2d 169, 173, 264 N.Y.S.2d 233, 211 N.E.2d 637 (1965); A.S. Rampell, Inc. v. Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 381,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 N.Y.2d 169", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_16/0169_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f74e2a300ee349b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9046, "end": 9062, "quote": "264 N.Y.S.2d 233", "context": " U.S. 487, 61 S.Ct. 1020, 85 L.Ed. 1477 (1941).\n. See, e. g., Wyatt v. Fulrath, 16 N.Y.2d 169, 173, 264 N.Y.S.2d 233, 211 N.E.2d 637 (1965); A.S. Rampell, Inc. v. Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 381, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 144 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "264 N.Y.S.2d 233", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e47d27c17e43ff83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9064, "end": 9078, "quote": "211 N.E.2d 637", "context": ". 1020, 85 L.Ed. 1477 (1941).\n. See, e. g., Wyatt v. Fulrath, 16 N.Y.2d 169, 173, 264 N.Y.S.2d 233, 211 N.E.2d 637 (1965); A.S. Rampell, Inc. v. Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 381, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 144 N.E.2d 371 (1957", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "211 N.E.2d 637", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "509fce223e31e930", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9121, "end": 9133, "quote": "3 N.Y.2d 369", "context": "ath, 16 N.Y.2d 169, 173, 264 N.Y.S.2d 233, 211 N.E.2d 637 (1965); A.S. Rampell, Inc. v. Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 381, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 144 N.E.2d 371 (1957); Reger v. National Ass’n of Bedding Mfrs., Inc., 83 M", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 N.Y.2d 369", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_3/0369_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1201b471149623cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9140, "end": 9156, "quote": "165 N.Y.S.2d 475", "context": " 173, 264 N.Y.S.2d 233, 211 N.E.2d 637 (1965); A.S. Rampell, Inc. v. Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 381, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 144 N.E.2d 371 (1957); Reger v. National Ass’n of Bedding Mfrs., Inc., 83 Misc.2d 527, 372 N.Y.S.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 N.Y.S.2d 475", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b45a6db65ea50041", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9158, "end": 9172, "quote": "144 N.E.2d 371", "context": " 233, 211 N.E.2d 637 (1965); A.S. Rampell, Inc. v. Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 381, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 144 N.E.2d 371 (1957); Reger v. National Ass’n of Bedding Mfrs., Inc., 83 Misc.2d 527, 372 N.Y.S.2d 97, 114 (Sup.C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "144 N.E.2d 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e74937756093c4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9229, "end": 9243, "quote": "83 Misc.2d 527", "context": " 369, 381, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 144 N.E.2d 371 (1957); Reger v. National Ass’n of Bedding Mfrs., Inc., 83 Misc.2d 527, 372 N.Y.S.2d 97, 114 (Sup.Ct. Westchester Co. 1975). See also B.M. Heede, Inc. v. West India Mach.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 Misc. 2d 527", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08f7a16a99cd6cb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9245, "end": 9260, "quote": "372 N.Y.S.2d 97", "context": ".Y.S.2d 475, 144 N.E.2d 371 (1957); Reger v. National Ass’n of Bedding Mfrs., Inc., 83 Misc.2d 527, 372 N.Y.S.2d 97, 114 (Sup.Ct. Westchester Co. 1975). See also B.M. Heede, Inc. v. West India Mach. & Supply Co., 27", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 N.Y.S.2d 97", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a9b89ba8d4b62ed2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9358, "end": 9373, "quote": "272 F.Supp. 236", "context": "97, 114 (Sup.Ct. Westchester Co. 1975). See also B.M. Heede, Inc. v. West India Mach. & Supply Co., 272 F.Supp. 236, 240 (S.D.N.Y.1967).\n. Haag v. Barnes, 9 N.Y.2d 554, 559-60, 216 N.Y.S.2d 65, 175 N.E.2d 441 (1961)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "272 F. Supp. 236", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_272/0236_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1cca451dc39992ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9413, "end": 9425, "quote": "9 N.Y.2d 554", "context": "eede, Inc. v. West India Mach. & Supply Co., 272 F.Supp. 236, 240 (S.D.N.Y.1967).\n. Haag v. Barnes, 9 N.Y.2d 554, 559-60, 216 N.Y.S.2d 65, 175 N.E.2d 441 (1961).\n. Courts have observed that the “relationship betw", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 N.Y.2d 554", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_9/0554_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f94a2f127f145f08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9435, "end": 9450, "quote": "216 N.Y.S.2d 65", "context": "ia Mach. & Supply Co., 272 F.Supp. 236, 240 (S.D.N.Y.1967).\n. Haag v. Barnes, 9 N.Y.2d 554, 559-60, 216 N.Y.S.2d 65, 175 N.E.2d 441 (1961).\n. Courts have observed that the “relationship between the manufacturer and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "216 N.Y.S.2d 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27eb3a9db10bc877", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9452, "end": 9466, "quote": "175 N.E.2d 441", "context": " Co., 272 F.Supp. 236, 240 (S.D.N.Y.1967).\n. Haag v. Barnes, 9 N.Y.2d 554, 559-60, 216 N.Y.S.2d 65, 175 N.E.2d 441 (1961).\n. Courts have observed that the “relationship between the manufacturer and the distributor ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "175 N.E.2d 441", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9bf68f54e87af32d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9673, "end": 9685, "quote": "3 N.Y.2d 369", "context": "cognized to be that of dependency of the latter upon the former . A.S. Rampell, Inc. v. Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 376, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 481, 144 N.E.2d 371, 376 (1957).\n. 308 N.Y. 155, 124 N.E.2d 99 (1954).\n. 24", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 N.Y.2d 369", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_3/0369_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d3fe265f3fa0900", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9692, "end": 9708, "quote": "165 N.Y.S.2d 475", "context": " of dependency of the latter upon the former . A.S. Rampell, Inc. v. Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 376, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 481, 144 N.E.2d 371, 376 (1957).\n. 308 N.Y. 155, 124 N.E.2d 99 (1954).\n. 24 N.Y.2d 372, 300 N.Y.S.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 N.Y.S.2d 475", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a61cebe58b2c8c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9715, "end": 9729, "quote": "144 N.E.2d 371", "context": "atter upon the former . A.S. Rampell, Inc. v. Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 376, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 481, 144 N.E.2d 371, 376 (1957).\n. 308 N.Y. 155, 124 N.E.2d 99 (1954).\n. 24 N.Y.2d 372, 300 N.Y.S.2d 817, 248 N.E.2d 57", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "144 N.E.2d 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ef93060bd840df8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9745, "end": 9757, "quote": "308 N.Y. 155", "context": "ampell, Inc. v. Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 376, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 481, 144 N.E.2d 371, 376 (1957).\n. 308 N.Y. 155, 124 N.E.2d 99 (1954).\n. 24 N.Y.2d 372, 300 N.Y.S.2d 817, 248 N.E.2d 576 (1969).\n. See, e. g., Warr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "308 N.Y. 155", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_308/0155_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f1942a1766f6a4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9759, "end": 9772, "quote": "124 N.E.2d 99", "context": ". Hyster Co., 3 N.Y.2d 369, 376, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 481, 144 N.E.2d 371, 376 (1957).\n. 308 N.Y. 155, 124 N.E.2d 99 (1954).\n. 24 N.Y.2d 372, 300 N.Y.S.2d 817, 248 N.E.2d 576 (1969).\n. See, e. g., Warren Bros. Co. v.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 N.E.2d 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e60b9554d860c67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9783, "end": 9796, "quote": "24 N.Y.2d 372", "context": "69, 376, 165 N.Y.S.2d 475, 481, 144 N.E.2d 371, 376 (1957).\n. 308 N.Y. 155, 124 N.E.2d 99 (1954).\n. 24 N.Y.2d 372, 300 N.Y.S.2d 817, 248 N.E.2d 576 (1969).\n. See, e. g., Warren Bros. Co. v. Cardi Corp., 471 F.2d 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 N.Y.2d 372", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_24/0372_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad2884d63272f497", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9798, "end": 9814, "quote": "300 N.Y.S.2d 817", "context": "Y.S.2d 475, 481, 144 N.E.2d 371, 376 (1957).\n. 308 N.Y. 155, 124 N.E.2d 99 (1954).\n. 24 N.Y.2d 372, 300 N.Y.S.2d 817, 248 N.E.2d 576 (1969).\n. See, e. g., Warren Bros. Co. v. Cardi Corp., 471 F.2d 1304, 1307 n.3 (1st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "300 N.Y.S.2d 817", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e9a9d61e79d5952f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9816, "end": 9830, "quote": "248 N.E.2d 576", "context": "44 N.E.2d 371, 376 (1957).\n. 308 N.Y. 155, 124 N.E.2d 99 (1954).\n. 24 N.Y.2d 372, 300 N.Y.S.2d 817, 248 N.E.2d 576 (1969).\n. See, e. g., Warren Bros. Co. v. Cardi Corp., 471 F.2d 1304, 1307 n.3 (1st Cir. 1973); Nel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "248 N.E.2d 576", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be75852e706adbfc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9886, "end": 9899, "quote": "471 F.2d 1304", "context": "N.Y.2d 372, 300 N.Y.S.2d 817, 248 N.E.2d 576 (1969).\n. See, e. g., Warren Bros. Co. v. Cardi Corp., 471 F.2d 1304, 1307 n.3 (1st Cir. 1973); Nelson v. Aetna Life Ins. Co., 359 F.Supp. 271, 292-93 (W.D.Mo.1973); Am", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "471 F.2d 1304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_471/1304_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4831e4ed97dda40d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 9958, "end": 9973, "quote": "359 F.Supp. 271", "context": "n Bros. Co. v. Cardi Corp., 471 F.2d 1304, 1307 n.3 (1st Cir. 1973); Nelson v. Aetna Life Ins. Co., 359 F.Supp. 271, 292-93 (W.D.Mo.1973); American Eutectic Welding Alloys Sales Co. v. Garcia-Rodriguez, 353 F.Supp. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "359 F. Supp. 271", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_359/0271_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "df2022510a8c52f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10061, "end": 10076, "quote": "353 F.Supp. 850", "context": " F.Supp. 271, 292-93 (W.D.Mo.1973); American Eutectic Welding Alloys Sales Co. v. Garcia-Rodriguez, 353 F.Supp. 850, 855 (D.P.R.), rev’d on other grounds, 480 F.2d 223 (1st Cir. 1973); Goff v. Aamco Automatic Transm", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "353 F. Supp. 850", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_353/0850_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e7059ed532f5b183", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10116, "end": 10128, "quote": "480 F.2d 223", "context": "elding Alloys Sales Co. v. Garcia-Rodriguez, 353 F.Supp. 850, 855 (D.P.R.), rev’d on other grounds, 480 F.2d 223 (1st Cir. 1973); Goff v. Aamco Automatic Transmissions, Inc., 313 F.Supp. 667, 669 (D.Md.1970). See", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "480 F.2d 223", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_480/0223_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "822eb33a6d68afe7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10191, "end": 10206, "quote": "313 F.Supp. 667", "context": " rev’d on other grounds, 480 F.2d 223 (1st Cir. 1973); Goff v. Aamco Automatic Transmissions, Inc., 313 F.Supp. 667, 669 (D.Md.1970). See also Massengale v. Transitron Electronic Corp., 385 F.2d 83, 86-87 (1st Cir. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "313 F. Supp. 667", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_313/0667_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8bbef4b384782509", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10277, "end": 10288, "quote": "385 F.2d 83", "context": "ssions, Inc., 313 F.Supp. 667, 669 (D.Md.1970). See also Massengale v. Transitron Electronic Corp., 385 F.2d 83, 86-87 (1st Cir. 1967); Forney Indus., Inc. v. Andre, 246 F.Supp. 333 (D.N.D.1965); Fricke v. Isbra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "385 F.2d 83", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_385/0083_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f94d2fddcad4795c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10343, "end": 10358, "quote": "246 F.Supp. 333", "context": "e v. Transitron Electronic Corp., 385 F.2d 83, 86-87 (1st Cir. 1967); Forney Indus., Inc. v. Andre, 246 F.Supp. 333 (D.N.D.1965); Fricke v. Isbrandtsen Co., 151 F.Supp. 465 (S.D.N.Y.1957).\n. Nakleh v. Chemical Const", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "246 F. Supp. 333", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_246/0333_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7e9a35e220259a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10400, "end": 10415, "quote": "151 F.Supp. 465", "context": " Cir. 1967); Forney Indus., Inc. v. Andre, 246 F.Supp. 333 (D.N.D.1965); Fricke v. Isbrandtsen Co., 151 F.Supp. 465 (S.D.N.Y.1957).\n. Nakleh v. Chemical Constr. Corp., 359 F.Supp. 357 (S.D.N.Y.1973).\n. See, e. g., R", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 F. Supp. 465", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_151/0465_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3a813b31e62afd01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10468, "end": 10483, "quote": "359 F.Supp. 357", "context": "65); Fricke v. Isbrandtsen Co., 151 F.Supp. 465 (S.D.N.Y.1957).\n. Nakleh v. Chemical Constr. Corp., 359 F.Supp. 357 (S.D.N.Y.1973).\n. See, e. g., Reger v. National Ass’n of Bedding Mfrs. Group Ins. Trust Fund, 83 Mi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "359 F. Supp. 357", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_359/0357_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "51b632a598db3889", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10578, "end": 10592, "quote": "83 Misc.2d 527", "context": ". 357 (S.D.N.Y.1973).\n. See, e. g., Reger v. National Ass’n of Bedding Mfrs. Group Ins. Trust Fund, 83 Misc.2d 527, 372 N.Y.S.2d 97, 114, 117-18 (Sup.Ct., Westchester Co. 1975); Sears, Roebuck & Co. v. Eneo Assoc.,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 Misc. 2d 527", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5135566c6eae9308", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10594, "end": 10609, "quote": "372 N.Y.S.2d 97", "context": "973).\n. See, e. g., Reger v. National Ass’n of Bedding Mfrs. Group Ins. Trust Fund, 83 Misc.2d 527, 372 N.Y.S.2d 97, 114, 117-18 (Sup.Ct., Westchester Co. 1975); Sears, Roebuck & Co. v. Eneo Assoc., 83 Misc.2d 552, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 N.Y.S.2d 97", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4b7107fddcd2c095", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10693, "end": 10707, "quote": "83 Misc.2d 552", "context": " 372 N.Y.S.2d 97, 114, 117-18 (Sup.Ct., Westchester Co. 1975); Sears, Roebuck & Co. v. Eneo Assoc., 83 Misc.2d 552, 370 N.Y.S.2d 338, 349 (Sup.Ct., Westchester Co. 1975).\n. 272 F.Supp. 236 (S.D.N.Y.1967).\n. Second ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 Misc. 2d 552", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59f9ec4690d4a0a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10709, "end": 10725, "quote": "370 N.Y.S.2d 338", "context": ", 114, 117-18 (Sup.Ct., Westchester Co. 1975); Sears, Roebuck & Co. v. Eneo Assoc., 83 Misc.2d 552, 370 N.Y.S.2d 338, 349 (Sup.Ct., Westchester Co. 1975).\n. 272 F.Supp. 236 (S.D.N.Y.1967).\n. Second Restatement of Con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "370 N.Y.S.2d 338", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b90815da50813ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10766, "end": 10781, "quote": "272 F.Supp. 236", "context": "buck & Co. v. Eneo Assoc., 83 Misc.2d 552, 370 N.Y.S.2d 338, 349 (Sup.Ct., Westchester Co. 1975).\n. 272 F.Supp. 236 (S.D.N.Y.1967).\n. Second Restatement of Conflict of Laws § 187, Comment g.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "272 F. Supp. 236", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_272/0236_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "959b03bb0b0c97ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_410/1339_01/index.html", "start": 10839, "end": 10844, "quote": "§ 187", "context": ", Westchester Co. 1975).\n. 272 F.Supp. 236 (S.D.N.Y.1967).\n. Second Restatement of Conflict of Laws § 187, Comment g.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d23ee5b2c48c5f7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 569, "end": 585, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 1981", "context": "il Action 72-1123 was an action by plaintiff alleging constitutional infringements cognizable under 42 U.S.C. § 1981 and § 1983. Relying largely on the en banc decision by the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals in Cohen", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 1981", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1981/title42_sec1981_b68fdd59ea50/1981_equal_rights_under_the_law_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f599b98d61ae0d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 590, "end": 597, "quote": "§ 1983.", "context": " an action by plaintiff alleging constitutional infringements cognizable under 42 U.S.C. § 1981 and § 1983. Relying largely on the en banc decision by the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals in Cohen v. Chesterf", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d2e27bb0e8a6d06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 723, "end": 735, "quote": "474 F.2d 395", "context": " banc decision by the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals in Cohen v. Chesterfield County School Board, 474 F.2d 395 (1973) this Court granted defendants’ motion for summary judgment and plaintiff filed a notice of a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "474 F.2d 395", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_474/0395_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "74f829366c0514ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 1013, "end": 1022, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " 73-634 alleging substantially the same facts but evoking the jurisdiction of the court pursuant to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, specifically 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5. By order filed October 31,1973, ", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18bbc4cf14b778d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 1079, "end": 1089, "quote": "§ 2000e-5.", "context": "sdiction of the court pursuant to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, specifically 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5. By order filed October 31,1973, this Court denied defendants’ motion to dismiss Civil Action No. 73", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b00a8ca8ec44c059", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 2677, "end": 2686, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "use of action alleges violations of her rights to be free from sexual discrimination as provided in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 and guidelines thereunder promulga", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a420a90124af2276", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 2742, "end": 2751, "quote": "§ 2000e-2", "context": "xual discrimination as provided in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 and guidelines thereunder promulgated, principally found at 29 C.F.R. § 1604(a)-(f) and § 1604.10(a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_2000e_2/title42_sec2000e_2_08de5bfae7d0/2000e_2_unlawful_employment_practices_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c0a536592821a30b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 2812, "end": 2835, "quote": "29 C.F.R. § 1604(a)-(f)", "context": "f 1964, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 and guidelines thereunder promulgated, principally found at 29 C.F.R. § 1604(a)-(f) and § 1604.10(a)-(b).\nInitially plaintiff sought relief in the form of injunctive relief, back pay ", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3222a88a0cd3e55d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 2840, "end": 2852, "quote": "§ 1604.10(a)", "context": ". § 2000e-2 and guidelines thereunder promulgated, principally found at 29 C.F.R. § 1604(a)-(f) and § 1604.10(a)-(b).\nInitially plaintiff sought relief in the form of injunctive relief, back pay and reinstatement", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0683653be863808d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 8907, "end": 8916, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "cy.\n9. Plaintiff has complied with all administrative procedures necessary to bring an action under Title VII. On or about August 24, 1972, plaintiff filed a complaint, charging employment discrimination again", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cee53612563c24d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 9134, "end": 9143, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "sex, with the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, which organization administers Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1962, as amended. After investigation, the director of the EEOC, Atlanta", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c243978a856f50da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 9311, "end": 9318, "quote": "§ 2000e", "context": "he director of the EEOC, Atlanta Regional Office, issued a document finding violations of 42 U.S.C. § 2000e relative to prohibitions against employment discrimination based on sex, as set forth in 29 C.F.R. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_2000e/title42_sec2000e_677e5109a984/2000e_definitions_for_the_purposes_of_this_subchapter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1fae93a680583e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 9408, "end": 9430, "quote": "29 C.F.R. § 1604.10(a)", "context": "C. § 2000e relative to prohibitions against employment discrimination based on sex, as set forth in 29 C.F.R. § 1604.10(a) and (b). Defendants rejected the EEOC conciliation proposal, and plaintiff was advised she had the ", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b6f15e28f1c0fd9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 9570, "end": 9579, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "onciliation proposal, and plaintiff was advised she had the right to institute a civil action under Title VII. Having exhausted all administrative remedies, plaintiff thereafter commenced Civil Action No. 73-6", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79b7887882b8c41f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 9860, "end": 9869, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ick-ens County School District “A” and its agents are “employers” within the appropriate section of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e(b). Prior to March 24, 1972 educatio", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45617fd8c6ec455d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 9925, "end": 9935, "quote": "§ 2000e(b)", "context": " within the appropriate section of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e(b). Prior to March 24, 1972 educational institutions were specifically exempt from the provisions of T", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a71f5d1777c3669", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 10034, "end": 10043, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "). Prior to March 24, 1972 educational institutions were specifically exempt from the provisions of Title VII. However, the EEOC Act of 1972 amended Title VII to withdraw those exemptions. See 42 U.S.C. § 2000", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2577b35c5c4f2ada", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 10083, "end": 10092, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ns were specifically exempt from the provisions of Title VII. However, the EEOC Act of 1972 amended Title VII to withdraw those exemptions. See 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l. In this case the decision denying employment", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8ab1281b016f465", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 10137, "end": 10147, "quote": "§ 2000e-l.", "context": "le VII. However, the EEOC Act of 1972 amended Title VII to withdraw those exemptions. See 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l. In this case the decision denying employment to plaintiff took place after March 24,1972; therefore", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d5b58ac4a0fdab3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 10267, "end": 10276, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "cision denying employment to plaintiff took place after March 24,1972; therefore, the provisions of Title VII apply to plaintiff, a school teacher in a public school. LaFleur v. Cleveland Board of Education, 4", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11aa742b3d3cbc17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 10375, "end": 10388, "quote": "465 F.2d 1184", "context": "I apply to plaintiff, a school teacher in a public school. LaFleur v. Cleveland Board of Education, 465 F.2d 1184, 1186 (6th Cir. 1972), affirmed 414 U.S. 632, 94 S.Ct. 791, 39 L.Ed.2d 52 (1974).\n2. 42 U.S.C. § 20", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "465 F.2d 1184", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_465/1184_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "37606f44958a546d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 10421, "end": 10433, "quote": "414 U.S. 632", "context": "blic school. LaFleur v. Cleveland Board of Education, 465 F.2d 1184, 1186 (6th Cir. 1972), affirmed 414 U.S. 632, 94 S.Ct. 791, 39 L.Ed.2d 52 (1974).\n2. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 provides, in part, as follows:\n“(a) It ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "414 U.S. 632", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "85da7a304f37a458", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 10435, "end": 10447, "quote": "94 S.Ct. 791", "context": "aFleur v. Cleveland Board of Education, 465 F.2d 1184, 1186 (6th Cir. 1972), affirmed 414 U.S. 632, 94 S.Ct. 791, 39 L.Ed.2d 52 (1974).\n2. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 provides, in part, as follows:\n“(a) It shall be an un", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 S. Ct. 791", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea20809e403d362d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 10449, "end": 10462, "quote": "39 L.Ed.2d 52", "context": "eland Board of Education, 465 F.2d 1184, 1186 (6th Cir. 1972), affirmed 414 U.S. 632, 94 S.Ct. 791, 39 L.Ed.2d 52 (1974).\n2. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 provides, in part, as follows:\n“(a) It shall be an unlawful employme", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 L. Ed. 2d 52", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6fe22345ec47194f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 10484, "end": 10493, "quote": "§ 2000e-2", "context": "1184, 1186 (6th Cir. 1972), affirmed 414 U.S. 632, 94 S.Ct. 791, 39 L.Ed.2d 52 (1974).\n2. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 provides, in part, as follows:\n“(a) It shall be an unlawful employment practice for an employer—\n(1", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_2000e_2/title42_sec2000e_2_08de5bfae7d0/2000e_2_unlawful_employment_practices_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1285a3fe8a17b1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 11222, "end": 11231, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "l’s race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.”\nThe EEOC is the administrative body created by Title VII. It has issued guidelines and these administrative interpretations are entitled to “great deference", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b8488c6093dcbf2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 11345, "end": 11352, "quote": "the Act", "context": "d guidelines and these administrative interpretations are entitled to “great deference” in applying the Act. See Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 401 U.S. 424, 434, 91 S.Ct. 849, 855, 28 L.Ed.2d 158, 165 (1971). Th", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eeac0d0ba075f2cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 11384, "end": 11396, "quote": "401 U.S. 424", "context": "nterpretations are entitled to “great deference” in applying the Act. See Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 401 U.S. 424, 434, 91 S.Ct. 849, 855, 28 L.Ed.2d 158, 165 (1971). The pertinent guidelines in this case are as f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "401 U.S. 424", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "663b8e5922e5a244", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 11403, "end": 11415, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 849", "context": "entitled to “great deference” in applying the Act. See Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 401 U.S. 424, 434, 91 S.Ct. 849, 855, 28 L.Ed.2d 158, 165 (1971). The pertinent guidelines in this case are as follows:\n“29 CFR § 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 849", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30ac9388b21adc9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 11422, "end": 11436, "quote": "28 L.Ed.2d 158", "context": "deference” in applying the Act. See Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 401 U.S. 424, 434, 91 S.Ct. 849, 855, 28 L.Ed.2d 158, 165 (1971). The pertinent guidelines in this case are as follows:\n“29 CFR § 1604.10—Employment Pol", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 L. Ed. 2d 158", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f14224a7fccc821", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 11505, "end": 11521, "quote": "29 CFR § 1604.10", "context": " S.Ct. 849, 855, 28 L.Ed.2d 158, 165 (1971). The pertinent guidelines in this case are as follows:\n“29 CFR § 1604.10—Employment Policies Relating to Pregnancy and Childbirth.\n(a) A written or unwritten employment pol", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "29 C.F.R. § 1604.10", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3818b18bfcb9cae8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 11742, "end": 11751, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " excludes for employment applicants or employees because of pregnancy is a prima facie violation of Title VII.\n(b) Disabilities caused or contributed to by pregnancy, miscarriage, abortion, childbirth and reco", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "362c68936bb8109a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 12592, "end": 12601, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "lities.”\n3. The Court concludes that defendants’ actions violated the above mentioned provisions of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, and the EEOC guidelines promulgated thereunder. This c", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ae6412ce8ece843", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 14604, "end": 14613, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "end to discriminate against the plaintiff becatise of her sex. However, the pertinent provisions of Title VII have been interpreted to proscribe acts that result in sexual discrimination, whether or not the em", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c6db24bf88c9b942", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 14787, "end": 14799, "quote": "519 F.2d 661", "context": "ion, whether or not the employer acted in good faith. For example, Gilbert v. General Electric Co., 519 F.2d 661 (4th Cir. 1975) involved a Title VII attack upon General Electric’s employee disability benefits pr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "519 F.2d 661", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_519/0661_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "15d8b57c8a1cdac8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 14827, "end": 14836, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "n good faith. For example, Gilbert v. General Electric Co., 519 F.2d 661 (4th Cir. 1975) involved a Title VII attack upon General Electric’s employee disability benefits program which excluded pregnancy-relate", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d44ec8af2999ab51", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 14993, "end": 15002, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "its program which excluded pregnancy-related disabilities. The Fourth Circuit stated the purpose of Title VII as follows:\n“The legislative purpose behind Title VII was to protect employees from any form of dis", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c74e6828e932fd33", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 15047, "end": 15056, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ies. The Fourth Circuit stated the purpose of Title VII as follows:\n“The legislative purpose behind Title VII was to protect employees from any form of disparate treatment because of race, color, religion, sex", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7374bd004adb28c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 15296, "end": 15314, "quote": "519 F.2d at p. 663", "context": "or has stated it, ‘to make employment decisions sex-blind, as well as colorblind’.” (cite omitted) (519 F.2d at p. 663).\nIn affirming the lower court’s decision that General Electric’s plan was violative of Title VII, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "519 F.2d 661", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_519/0661_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "08c7cd37d7b1a410", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 15403, "end": 15412, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "d at p. 663).\nIn affirming the lower court’s decision that General Electric’s plan was violative of Title VII, Judge Russell, citing Griggs, supra, states: “It is of no moment that an employer may not have del", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39a8b9fe0683b44e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 15444, "end": 15450, "quote": "supra,", "context": "t’s decision that General Electric’s plan was violative of Title VII, Judge Russell, citing Griggs, supra, states: “It is of no moment that an employer may not have deliberately intended sex-related discrim", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "990a34c4388a56e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 16269, "end": 16281, "quote": "§ 2000e-2(e)", "context": "onably necessary to the normal operation of that particular business or enterprise . . .” 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(e). However, this exception should be interpreted narrowly. 29 C.F.R. § 1604.2(a) (1972) and see Gilbe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a9dd5f20f3a1e9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 16339, "end": 16360, "quote": "29 C.F.R. § 1604.2(a)", "context": "r enterprise . . .” 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(e). However, this exception should be interpreted narrowly. 29 C.F.R. § 1604.2(a) (1972) and see Gilbert, supra, footnote 22. The Court finds no support for the assertion that exclu", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65fc25c393308168", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 16385, "end": 16391, "quote": "supra,", "context": "wever, this exception should be interpreted narrowly. 29 C.F.R. § 1604.2(a) (1972) and see Gilbert, supra, footnote 22. The Court finds no support for the assertion that excluding pregnant women from teachi", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "519 F.2d 661", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_519/0661_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "56f74eda096dbadb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 16800, "end": 16806, "quote": "supra.", "context": "7. Continuity of instruction as an objective of school officials is discussed at length in LaFleur, supra. LaFleur involved a successful attack on the mandatory School Board rules requiring pregnant school ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "465 F.2d 1184", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_465/1184_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1fb70bc834c60b69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 17043, "end": 17052, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "pecified times before expected delivery. The attack was based on constitutional grounds rather than Title VII, which did not apply to state agencies and educational institutions at that time; therefore, contin", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "839188a459fd7253", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 17604, "end": 17616, "quote": "473 F.2d 629", "context": "But, as the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit noted in Green v. Waterford Board of Education, 473 F.2d 629, 635:\n‘Where a pregnant teacher provides the Board with a date certain for commencement of leave . ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "473 F.2d 629", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_473/0629_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c87608ff980b69a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 18110, "end": 18116, "quote": "supra,", "context": "more, not less, time to procure a satisfactory long-term substitute.’ (Footnote omitted.)”\nLaFleur, supra, 414 U.S. at pages 641 and 642, 94 S.Ct. at page 797, 39 L.Ed.2d at page 61.\nThe Supreme Court in La", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "465 F.2d 1184", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_465/1184_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "04641eb7ac0b0e76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 18148, "end": 18168, "quote": "94 S.Ct. at page 797", "context": "sfactory long-term substitute.’ (Footnote omitted.)”\nLaFleur, supra, 414 U.S. at pages 641 and 642, 94 S.Ct. at page 797, 39 L.Ed.2d at page 61.\nThe Supreme Court in LaFleur makes the point several times that early advan", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "94 S. Ct. 791", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79bec04bacfb7b99", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 18170, "end": 18191, "quote": "39 L.Ed.2d at page 61", "context": "stitute.’ (Footnote omitted.)”\nLaFleur, supra, 414 U.S. at pages 641 and 642, 94 S.Ct. at page 797, 39 L.Ed.2d at page 61.\nThe Supreme Court in LaFleur makes the point several times that early advance notice helps the sch", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "39 L. Ed. 2d 52", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2265f643e7fcba63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 19237, "end": 19246, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "e statute and regulations quoted herein clearly state it is an “unlawful employment practice” under Title VII to practice sexual discrimination against applicants as well as existing employees. Additionally, p", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56f0c39b361f41e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 20268, "end": 20280, "quote": "417 U.S. 484", "context": "n pp. 25 and 26, and the affidavits attached thereto as exhibit # 3).\n9. Citing Geduldig v. Aiello, 417 U.S. 484, 94 S.Ct. 2485, 41 L.Ed.2d 256 (1974), defendants assert not every classification concerning pregna", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "417 U.S. 484", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc6f23116a0d9242", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 20282, "end": 20295, "quote": "94 S.Ct. 2485", "context": "6, and the affidavits attached thereto as exhibit # 3).\n9. Citing Geduldig v. Aiello, 417 U.S. 484, 94 S.Ct. 2485, 41 L.Ed.2d 256 (1974), defendants assert not every classification concerning pregnancy is a sex-bi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 S. Ct. 2485", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bebd7d8ca56e17ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 20297, "end": 20311, "quote": "41 L.Ed.2d 256", "context": "davits attached thereto as exhibit # 3).\n9. Citing Geduldig v. Aiello, 417 U.S. 484, 94 S.Ct. 2485, 41 L.Ed.2d 256 (1974), defendants assert not every classification concerning pregnancy is a sex-biased classificat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "41 L. Ed. 2d 256", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c991f586c6be0850", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 21150, "end": 21159, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "y that this Court apply those same constitutional standards because the decision here is based on a Title VII violation. Defendants argue that the approach to actions under the Constitution and Title VII are n", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f91046b76bfddb3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 21244, "end": 21253, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " on a Title VII violation. Defendants argue that the approach to actions under the Constitution and Title VII are not distinguishable, but the Fourth Circuit in Gilbert, supra, has held otherwise.\n“In this cas", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e8df3d0bd065483", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 21314, "end": 21320, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ns under the Constitution and Title VII are not distinguishable, but the Fourth Circuit in Gilbert, supra, has held otherwise.\n“In this case, on the contrary, the issue is not whether the exclusion of pregn", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "519 F.2d 661", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_519/0661_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "87db06c65b7bb604", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 21520, "end": 21529, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ancy benefits under a social welfare program is ‘rationally supportable’ or ‘invidious’ but whether Title VII, the Congressional statute, in language and intent, prohibits such exclusion. Accordingly, as the C", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8dd44acff103ed9f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 21686, "end": 21698, "quote": "511 F.2d 199", "context": "ibits such exclusion. Accordingly, as the Court in Wetzel v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., [3 Cir., 511 F.2d 199] supra, aptly observed, ‘our case is one of statutory interpretation rather than one of constitutio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "511 F.2d 199", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_511/0199_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8312b8714eadd494", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 21700, "end": 21706, "quote": "supra,", "context": "lusion. Accordingly, as the Court in Wetzel v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., [3 Cir., 511 F.2d 199] supra, aptly observed, ‘our case is one of statutory interpretation rather than one of constitutional anal", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "804505806b992ef1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 22011, "end": 22020, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "qual Protection clause as in Aiello and in the statutory construction of the ‘sex-blind’ mandate of Title VII. To satisfy constitutional Equal Protection standards, a discrimination need only be ‘rationally su", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d14a933af2a3ff4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 22200, "end": 22211, "quote": "404 U.S. 71", "context": "ly be ‘rationally supportable’ and that was the situation in Aiello, as,, well as in Reed [v. Reed, 404 U.S. 71, 92 S.Ct. 251, 30 L.Ed.2d 225] and Frontiero [v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677, 93 S.Ct. 1764, 36 L.Ed.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "404 U.S. 71", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "923fd401c8d679e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 22213, "end": 22225, "quote": "92 S.Ct. 251", "context": "ally supportable’ and that was the situation in Aiello, as,, well as in Reed [v. Reed, 404 U.S. 71, 92 S.Ct. 251, 30 L.Ed.2d 225] and Frontiero [v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677, 93 S.Ct. 1764, 36 L.Ed.2d 583], The te", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 S. Ct. 251", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06cc28e317b4a5b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 22227, "end": 22241, "quote": "30 L.Ed.2d 225", "context": "le’ and that was the situation in Aiello, as,, well as in Reed [v. Reed, 404 U.S. 71, 92 S.Ct. 251, 30 L.Ed.2d 225] and Frontiero [v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677, 93 S.Ct. 1764, 36 L.Ed.2d 583], The test in those case", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 L. Ed. 2d 225", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2e99129c187a210", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 22273, "end": 22285, "quote": "411 U.S. 677", "context": " well as in Reed [v. Reed, 404 U.S. 71, 92 S.Ct. 251, 30 L.Ed.2d 225] and Frontiero [v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677, 93 S.Ct. 1764, 36 L.Ed.2d 583], The test in those cases was legislative reasonableness. Title VII,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "411 U.S. 677", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "341ea2b9fc4096b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 22287, "end": 22300, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 1764", "context": "ed [v. Reed, 404 U.S. 71, 92 S.Ct. 251, 30 L.Ed.2d 225] and Frontiero [v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677, 93 S.Ct. 1764, 36 L.Ed.2d 583], The test in those cases was legislative reasonableness. Title VII, however, autho", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 1764", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27222fb0ca9fdc7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 22302, "end": 22316, "quote": "36 L.Ed.2d 583", "context": "4 U.S. 71, 92 S.Ct. 251, 30 L.Ed.2d 225] and Frontiero [v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677, 93 S.Ct. 1764, 36 L.Ed.2d 583], The test in those cases was legislative reasonableness. Title VII, however, authorizes no such ‘r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 L. Ed. 2d 583", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ada289fc78a76b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 22375, "end": 22384, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "1 U.S. 677, 93 S.Ct. 1764, 36 L.Ed.2d 583], The test in those cases was legislative reasonableness. Title VII, however, authorizes no such ‘rationality’ test in determining the propriety of its application. It", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9ee021dadd6d653", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 22862, "end": 22871, "quote": "Title VII", "context": ".\n10. The Court concludes the denial of employment to plaintiff was a violation of her rights under Title VII. This is the real question in this case. In keeping with the general policy in the Federal Courts t", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4161945f39210085", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 23155, "end": 23164, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ue of a possible constitutional violation of plaintiff’s rights.\n11. Since plaintiff’s rights under Title VII have been violated she is entitled to back pay for the fall semester of 1972 up until November 1, 1", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbc9f3ec76fcfdb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 23399, "end": 23411, "quote": "§ 2000e-5(k)", "context": "sician predicted that a substitute would be necessary. In addition, the Court pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5(k), directs defendants to pay plaintiff’s attorney’s fee in the amount of One Thousand Two Hundred and", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e25b002df6b5c56b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_415/0512_01/index.html", "start": 26690, "end": 26702, "quote": "519 F.2d 661", "context": "ssentially bottomed on the June 27, 1975 Fourth Circuit Opinion in Gilbert v. General Electric Co., 519 F.2d 661, which is on appeal. It is plaintiff’s contention that there is a possibility the Supreme Court’s d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "519 F.2d 661", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_519/0661_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d3f52b895fc5f949", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 227, "end": 243, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1407", "context": "IGEL, ANDREW A. CAFFREY, and ROY W. HARPER, Judges of the Panel.\nPER CURIAM.\nThe Panel, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1407, previously transferred several actions in this litigation to the Central District of California an", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1407", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8325738a0c604a23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 576, "end": 591, "quote": "389 F.Supp. 981", "context": " with related actions already pending there. In re Pennsylvania Life Company Securities Litigation, 389 F.Supp. 981 (Jud.Pan.Mult.Lit.1975). The plaintiffs in the actions in the transferee district allege violations", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "389 F. Supp. 981", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_389/0981_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7076599b5f0ee47c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 3084, "end": 3096, "quote": "Section 1407", "context": "is action should not also be transferred to the Central District of California for inclusion in the Section 1407 pretrial proceedings in that district. See Rule 10(b), R.P.J.P.M.L., 65 F.R.D. 253, 260 (1975). Def", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c06c79699d75f5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 3166, "end": 3179, "quote": "65 F.R.D. 253", "context": " inclusion in the Section 1407 pretrial proceedings in that district. See Rule 10(b), R.P.J.P.M.L., 65 F.R.D. 253, 260 (1975). Defendants favor transfer while the plaintiffs in Levitt oppose transfer.\nWe find that", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 F.R.D. 253", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be4f590a18d08915", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 3428, "end": 3440, "quote": "Section 1407", "context": "e previously transferred actions, and that its transfer to the Central District of California under Section 1407 will best serve the convenience of the parties and witnesses and promote the just and efficient con", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4bd136006f6d807e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 4518, "end": 4523, "quote": "supra", "context": "tion concerning those business dealings. See In re Pennsylvania Life Company Securities Litigation, supra, 389 F.Supp. at 982-83. Levitt of course shares factual questions with the other actions still pend", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f46cddeebebab5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 4525, "end": 4546, "quote": "389 F.Supp. at 982-83", "context": "ncerning those business dealings. See In re Pennsylvania Life Company Securities Litigation, supra, 389 F.Supp. at 982-83. Levitt of course shares factual questions with the other actions still pending in the transferee d", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "389 F. Supp. 981", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_389/0981_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "91f965f0feb5c93d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 4792, "end": 4804, "quote": "Section 1407", "context": "who opted out of the class of open market purchasers. Thus, transfer of Levitt for inclusion in the Section 1407 proceedings is necessary in order to prevent duplicative discovery, eliminate any possibility of co", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86db96f3158b1065", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 5085, "end": 5100, "quote": "404 F.Supp. 476", "context": "esses- and the judiciary. See In re Sta-Power Industries, Inc. Securities and Antitrust Litigation, 404 F.Supp. 476, 477 (Jud.Pan.Mult.Lit.1975); In re Four Seasons Securities Laws Litigation, 352 F.Supp. 964, 965-6", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "404 F. Supp. 476", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_404/0476_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "396688959ec34e63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 5178, "end": 5193, "quote": "352 F.Supp. 964", "context": "ation, 404 F.Supp. 476, 477 (Jud.Pan.Mult.Lit.1975); In re Four Seasons Securities Laws Litigation, 352 F.Supp. 964, 965-66 (Jud.Pan.Mult.Lit. 1973). The transferee judge, because of his familiarity with the issues ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "352 F. Supp. 964", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0964_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "df15a82ea8ea12e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 5662, "end": 5669, "quote": "§§ 3.11", "context": "evitt by utilizing the procedures recommended in the Manual for Complex Litigation, Parts I and II, §§ 3.11 (rev. ed. 1977).\nIT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1407, the action entitled Da", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08f1e87ab84d3cea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_436/0406_01/index.html", "start": 5729, "end": 5745, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1407", "context": "plex Litigation, Parts I and II, §§ 3.11 (rev. ed. 1977).\nIT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1407, the action entitled David J. Levitt, et al. v. Pennsylvania Life Co., et al., E.D.Pennsylvania, Ci", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1407", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "02b2b6dd9f959261", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_5/0971_01/index.html", "start": 118, "end": 129, "quote": "section 596", "context": "t Judge.\nThis is an action against the respondent for the wages of a seaman. The action is based on section 596 of 46 USCA which provides for double pay on refusal of demand for earned wages without sufficient c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "879acdb6aa163109", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_5/0971_01/index.html", "start": 1910, "end": 1923, "quote": "16 F.(2d) 681", "context": "nterpreted as penalizing only a refusal without “reasonable cause.” O’Hara v. Luckenbach S. S. Co., 16 F.(2d) 681 (C. C. A. 9). The Supreme Court said in Collie v. Fergusson, 281 U. S. 52, 50 S. Ct. 189, 191, 74 L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 F.2d 681", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_16/0681_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c4dc5c78d720c181", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_5/0971_01/index.html", "start": 1985, "end": 1997, "quote": "281 U. S. 52", "context": "v. Luckenbach S. S. Co., 16 F.(2d) 681 (C. C. A. 9). The Supreme Court said in Collie v. Fergusson, 281 U. S. 52, 50 S. Ct. 189, 191, 74 L. Ed. 696: “The phrase 'without sufficient cause’ must be taken to embrace", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "281 U.S. 52", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16ca09d20aa279d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_5/0971_01/index.html", "start": 1999, "end": 2012, "quote": "50 S. Ct. 189", "context": "S. S. Co., 16 F.(2d) 681 (C. C. A. 9). The Supreme Court said in Collie v. Fergusson, 281 U. S. 52, 50 S. Ct. 189, 191, 74 L. Ed. 696: “The phrase 'without sufficient cause’ must be taken to embrace something more", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 S. Ct. 189", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a7e3f9964cbe169", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_5/0971_01/index.html", "start": 2019, "end": 2032, "quote": "74 L. Ed. 696", "context": " 681 (C. C. A. 9). The Supreme Court said in Collie v. Fergusson, 281 U. S. 52, 50 S. Ct. 189, 191, 74 L. Ed. 696: “The phrase 'without sufficient cause’ must be taken to embrace something more than valid defenses", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 L. Ed. 696", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ba119a0cde39fe3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_5/0971_01/index.html", "start": 2806, "end": 2817, "quote": "section 570", "context": "ot sustain this position. Libelant had shipped as a seaman without complying with the provisions of section 570 of 46 USCA requiring that a seaman joining a ship at a foreign port, where there is an American con", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50f8e4e4b803b4ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_5/0971_01/index.html", "start": 3292, "end": 3297, "quote": "§ 569", "context": "e purser. He was replacing a seaman who had left the ship at Manila because of illness (see 46 USCA § 569). The procedure was irregular, but it was according to the instructions of thei United States consu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed0cbe06d3340375", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_5/0971_01/index.html", "start": 4280, "end": 4290, "quote": "106 F. 956", "context": "his decision, the captain is relieved of the charge of arbitrariness. The Alice B. Phillips (D. C.) 106 F. 956; The Silver Shell (D. C.) 255 F. 340.\nLibelant’s contention that the living conditions on the Lurli", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 F. 956", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbea1c90a2f61766", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_5/0971_01/index.html", "start": 4317, "end": 4327, "quote": "255 F. 340", "context": " of the charge of arbitrariness. The Alice B. Phillips (D. C.) 106 F. 956; The Silver Shell (D. C.) 255 F. 340.\nLibelant’s contention that the living conditions on the Lurline were bad does not seem to have bee", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "255 F. 340", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "632405cb8d74f60b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_5/0971_01/index.html", "start": 4792, "end": 4805, "quote": "53 F.(2d) 706", "context": "s opinion as my findings of fact and conclusions of law in this case. Parker v. St. Sure (C. C. A.) 53 F.(2d) 706.\nLet a decree be entered in favor of respondents without costs.\nOrder.\nIt has been called to my att", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 F.2d 706", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_53/0706_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e3adbc8e75206f85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 4357, "end": 4372, "quote": "493 F.Supp. 956", "context": " and were sympathetically described in an opinion by Judge Wellford last July. Stallings v. Harris, 493 F.Supp. 956 (W.D.Tenn.1980). This so-called “grid system” for determining disability was candidly intended to s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "493 F. Supp. 956", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_493/0956_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cfdc29e10bf98c13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 4853, "end": 4868, "quote": "489 F.Supp. 521", "context": "ntrary to procedures recommended by the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. Halsted v. Harris, 489 F.Supp. 521 (E.D.Mo.1980). Relying on Judge Harper’s concerns and further indications from the Eighth Circuit t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "489 F. Supp. 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_489/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7de9c3b72ec1eb26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 5833, "end": 5844, "quote": "626 F.2d 46", "context": "cational expert” to establish that the claimant does have that ability. Woodward v. Secretary, HEW, 626 F.2d 46, 47 (8th Cir. 1980); Voyles v. Harris, 636 F.2d 228 (8th Cir. 1980). Where the Secretary acquires t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "626 F.2d 46", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_626/0046_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2b708fffaeda81d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 5884, "end": 5896, "quote": "636 F.2d 228", "context": "s have that ability. Woodward v. Secretary, HEW, 626 F.2d 46, 47 (8th Cir. 1980); Voyles v. Harris, 636 F.2d 228 (8th Cir. 1980). Where the Secretary acquires the burden of proving that the claimant may engage in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "636 F.2d 228", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_636/0228_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "febb93a97069f018", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 6161, "end": 6173, "quote": "623 F.2d 531", "context": "ntal that the AU base his judgment upon the testimony of a vocational witness.” Warner v. Califano, 623 F.2d 531, 532 (8th Cir. 1980). While these rulings have not directly spoken to the grid regulations, as a su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "623 F.2d 531", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_623/0531_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5a962fda456ec711", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 7254, "end": 7269, "quote": "498 F.Supp. 478", "context": "s, even though the regulations may be treated as a “valuable” supplementary tool. Fields v. Harris, 498 F.Supp. 478, 492 (N.D.Ga.1980); Walker v. Harris, 504 F.Supp. 806, 812 (D.Kan.1980); Williams v. Harris, 500 F.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "498 F. Supp. 478", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_498/0478_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "367e53bf727138cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 7308, "end": 7323, "quote": "504 F.Supp. 806", "context": "luable” supplementary tool. Fields v. Harris, 498 F.Supp. 478, 492 (N.D.Ga.1980); Walker v. Harris, 504 F.Supp. 806, 812 (D.Kan.1980); Williams v. Harris, 500 F.Supp. 214, 216 (W.D.N.C.1980); Santise v. Harris, 501 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "504 F. Supp. 806", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_504/0806_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cf774219150d6a60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 7363, "end": 7378, "quote": "500 F.Supp. 214", "context": "p. 478, 492 (N.D.Ga.1980); Walker v. Harris, 504 F.Supp. 806, 812 (D.Kan.1980); Williams v. Harris, 500 F.Supp. 214, 216 (W.D.N.C.1980); Santise v. Harris, 501 F.Supp. 274, 277 (D.N.J.1980); Maurer v. Harris, 502 F.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "500 F. Supp. 214", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_500/0214_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "097730ceae69bcf6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 7419, "end": 7434, "quote": "501 F.Supp. 274", "context": " 806, 812 (D.Kan.1980); Williams v. Harris, 500 F.Supp. 214, 216 (W.D.N.C.1980); Santise v. Harris, 501 F.Supp. 274, 277 (D.N.J.1980); Maurer v. Harris, 502 F.Supp. 320 (D.Or.1980). As this case shows, people do not", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "501 F. Supp. 274", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_501/0274_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4fcf5233cf9adb59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 7472, "end": 7487, "quote": "502 F.Supp. 320", "context": "p. 214, 216 (W.D.N.C.1980); Santise v. Harris, 501 F.Supp. 274, 277 (D.N.J.1980); Maurer v. Harris, 502 F.Supp. 320 (D.Or.1980). As this case shows, people do not easily fit into pigeon-holes.\nInformation supplied s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "502 F. Supp. 320", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_502/0320_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2aff014a11174048", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 8368, "end": 8381, "quote": "605 F.2d 1067", "context": "m must be reconsidered, giving weight to the combined effect of all impairments. Davis v. Califano, 605 F.2d 1067, 1073 (8th Cir. 1979).\nWhile the foregoing resume is deemed sufficient for purposes of remand, the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "605 F.2d 1067", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_605/1067_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3fef46a05237419b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 9167, "end": 9179, "quote": "636 F.2d 900", "context": "der.\n. Recent decisions more compatible with Stallings and the 1979 regulations are Vega v. Harris, 636 F.2d 900 (2d Cir. 1981) and Moguez v. Harris, 512 F.Supp. 11 (D.Colo.1980). Rulings against claimants were r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "636 F.2d 900", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_636/0900_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "59dd7270f62d10b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_514/0119_01/index.html", "start": 9217, "end": 9231, "quote": "512 F.Supp. 11", "context": "ings and the 1979 regulations are Vega v. Harris, 636 F.2d 900 (2d Cir. 1981) and Moguez v. Harris, 512 F.Supp. 11 (D.Colo.1980). Rulings against claimants were remanded, however, on different grounds.\n. This signi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "512 F. Supp. 11", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_512/0011_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "27ae32b68768b561", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 206, "end": 222, "quote": "Section 31(a)(1)", "context": " restraining order, declaratory judgment, and a permanent injunction, construing the application of Section 31(a)(1) of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, 49 U.S.C. § 11503a (hereinafter “Section 31”) to Tennessee’s syst", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a0271c40b09ed88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 267, "end": 275, "quote": "§ 11503a", "context": "unction, construing the application of Section 31(a)(1) of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, 49 U.S.C. § 11503a (hereinafter “Section 31”) to Tennessee’s system of taxation of motor carrier transportation proper", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8f4519ff657ac947", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 290, "end": 300, "quote": "Section 31", "context": " application of Section 31(a)(1) of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, 49 U.S.C. § 11503a (hereinafter “Section 31”) to Tennessee’s system of taxation of motor carrier transportation property. The plaintiffs allege", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "407766bcb285fae7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 467, "end": 477, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "n property. The plaintiffs alleged that Tennessee’s motor carrier property taxation system violated Section 31 and under the supremacy clause should not be allowed to stand. After the defendants asserted that S", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae6c7f9efc7988e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 576, "end": 586, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "1 and under the supremacy clause should not be allowed to stand. After the defendants asserted that Section 31, if applicable to the plaintiffs, amounted to an unconstitutional encroachment on the state’s taxin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48adb085f0526a59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 843, "end": 854, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": "merica intervened on behalf of the plaintiffs for the purpose of defending the constitutionality of Section 31. The court issued a temporary restraining order later extended by agreement of the parties, prohibit", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a95f81923e5b370", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 1048, "end": 1058, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ohibiting the assessment of taxes on the plaintiffs’ property in excess of the amount allowed under Section 31, and the three actions were consolidated for trial.\nThe facts in the case were stipulated, and are ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30c4fef67cbddd74", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 3145, "end": 3153, "quote": "§ 67-601", "context": "tes concerning valuation and assessment of motor carrier transportation property are Tenn.Code Ann. § 67-601 et seq.\nE. By constitution and statute, Tennessee has established a classified property tax. Operat", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2ffc56c6b21e822", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 3766, "end": 3776, "quote": "Section 28", "context": "rsonal property. The applicable constitutional provisions and statutes are Tenn.Const., Ar-tide II, Section 28, and Tenn.Code Ann. § 67-601 et seq.\nF. The plaintiffs’ (other than KwickWay, G & C, and Stardust) ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69f9aacfd5e16478", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 3797, "end": 3805, "quote": "§ 67-601", "context": " constitutional provisions and statutes are Tenn.Const., Ar-tide II, Section 28, and Tenn.Code Ann. § 67-601 et seq.\nF. The plaintiffs’ (other than KwickWay, G & C, and Stardust) operating property in Tenness", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e34dc4a62b51632", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 4018, "end": 4027, "quote": "§ 11503a.", "context": "carrier transportation property” as that phrase is used in the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, 49 U.S.C. § 11503a.\nG. If plaintiffs’ “motor carrier transportation property” is assessed at the fifty-five percent (55", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a2a2025ad7c96e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 4327, "end": 4337, "quote": "Section 28", "context": "ent rate applicable to the commercial and industrial real property classification under Article II, Section 28 of the Tennessee Constitution, and exceed by eighty-three percent (83%) the thirty percent (30%) as", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e4471b2519f899b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 4555, "end": 4565, "quote": "Section 28", "context": "icable to the commercial and industrial tangible personal property classification under Article II, Section 28 of the Constitution of the State of Tennessee.\nH. The defendants, P.S.C. and State Board of Equaliz", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5a1ae5ebbd7b075", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 4891, "end": 4907, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1331", "context": "ier Act of 1980.\nII. JURISDICTION\nThis court has subject matter jurisdiction over this action under 28 U.S.C. § 1331, since the case clearly arises under the Constitution and laws of the United States, and the amount", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_85/section_1331/title28_sec1331_c56e38574c6b/1331_federal_question_the_district_courts_shall_have_origina_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "61301a27d9d84ed8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 5216, "end": 5227, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": " that the effect of the challenged state taxation system is to deny them the protection intended by Section 31. Furthermore, Section 31 itself acts to confer jurisdiction on this court for alleged violations of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56204bca73dd7191", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 5241, "end": 5251, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "hallenged state taxation system is to deny them the protection intended by Section 31. Furthermore, Section 31 itself acts to confer jurisdiction on this court for alleged violations of the section. 49 U.S.C. §", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6d6315eeae6261d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 5350, "end": 5361, "quote": "§ 11503a(c)", "context": "1 itself acts to confer jurisdiction on this court for alleged violations of the section. 49 U.S.C. § 11503a(c).\nIII. ISSUES PRESENTED\nAs postured, with all pertinent facts stipulated, this case presents pure qu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd3854c4d85971eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 5738, "end": 5748, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "es governing assessment and taxation of motor carrier transportation property violates the terms of Section 31 and conflicts with its purpose.\n2. Whether Section 31 was a valid exercise of the power of Congress", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3dfaae8ee76a3f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 5792, "end": 5802, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "transportation property violates the terms of Section 31 and conflicts with its purpose.\n2. Whether Section 31 was a valid exercise of the power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce, as limited by the te", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "36fd34a6a1916e6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 5962, "end": 5972, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "nterstate commerce, as limited by the tenth amendment to the United States Constitution.\n3. Whether Section 31 applies to the assessments and taxation of the plaintiffs’ motor carrier transportation property fo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29d98b4e5ff38509", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 6104, "end": 6114, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "taxation of the plaintiffs’ motor carrier transportation property for the 1980 tax year.\n4. Whether Section 31 applies to plaintiff Kwick-Way, even though Kwick-Way is not within the jurisdiction of the I.C.C.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "370f2ea8ec6f8e9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 6225, "end": 6235, "quote": "Section 31", "context": " plaintiff Kwick-Way, even though Kwick-Way is not within the jurisdiction of the I.C.C.\n5. Whether Section 31 applies to plaintiffs G & C and Stardust, even though those plaintiffs are engaged in the transport", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4510d582621ef7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 6385, "end": 6395, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ough those plaintiffs are engaged in the transportation of persons rather than property.\n6. Whether Section 31 as applied violates the Equal Protection Clause of the United States Constitution.\nIV. DISCUSSION\nA", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e564c0ac21095ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 6594, "end": 6604, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "A. Tennessee’s property tax classification system violates the letter and the intent of Section SI.\nSection 31 declares that the following acts unreasonably burden and discriminate against interstate commerce a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6baae99972fa7253", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 7598, "end": 7608, "quote": "Section 28", "context": " growing, devoted to a commercial or industrial use and subject to a property tax levy.\nArticle II, Section 28 of the Tennessee Constitution sets forth the classification system of property for purposes of taxa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c27960d1e3ecf27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 8092, "end": 8103, "quote": "§ 67-601(8)", "context": "other tangible personal property.\n“Industrial and commercial property” is defined in Tenn.Code Ann. § 67-601(8) (1976) to include “all property of every kind used, directly or indirectly, or held for use, for an", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fef5b245280c72ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 8281, "end": 8292, "quote": "§ 67-601(4)", "context": "r held for use, for any commercial . . . industrial ... or similar purpose . . . . ” Tenn.Code Ann. § 67-601(4) (1976) further defines “commercial and industrial tangible personal property” to include “personal ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ec7015936dec908", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 8922, "end": 8937, "quote": "§ 67-601(7)(ll)", "context": "he Tennessee public service commission or the interstate commerce commission . ... ” Tenn.Code Ann. § 67-601(7)(ll) (1976). This specific reference to motor carriers thus overrides the more general definitions of “c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "275192415475cd40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 10195, "end": 10205, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ercent (83%).\nIt is therefore clear that the Tennessee taxing statutes violate the express terms of Section 31, by requiring a higher assessment rate to be applied to motor carrier property (classified as “publ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "78bf9bf8a4b3e9a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 10672, "end": 10683, "quote": "§ 11503a(c)", "context": "t value of other commercial and industrial property in the same assessment jurisdiction,” 49 U.S.C. § 11503a(c), the plaintiffs are entitled to relief in this court.\nThe state has advanced a statutory constructi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f609eae77877eeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 10989, "end": 10999, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "d briefly. It is asserted that the definitions of “commercial and industrial property” contained in Section 31 and the Tennessee statutes are not coextensive. Rather, it is noted that the federal definition is ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1be7c83551e6e430", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 11595, "end": 11606, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": "ion of “commercial and industrial property,” there has been no discrimination within the meaning of Section 31.\nHowever, the court cannot accept this argument. The plain meaning of Section 31 is to prohibit disc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a47add5bb6f86ed4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 11676, "end": 11686, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "hin the meaning of Section 31.\nHowever, the court cannot accept this argument. The plain meaning of Section 31 is to prohibit discrimination against motor carrier transportation property vis-a-vis other commerc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d580c90fcb5829cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 12101, "end": 12111, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ject to higher tax rates. The clear fact remains that much, indeed most, of the property within the Section 31 definition of “commercial and industrial property” is taxed by the State of Tennessee at a rate muc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a7bc37aeb1257ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 12393, "end": 12404, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": "sely the sort of disparate treatment which Congress attempted to eliminate through the enactment of Section 31. An escape valve as readily available as the one advanced by the state in this case would render Sec", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc68f3f4bce7e6b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 12501, "end": 12511, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "31. An escape valve as readily available as the one advanced by the state in this case would render Section 31 and its protection against discriminatory tax treatment a virtual nullity, and this court will not ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cba1addbaac64a01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 12689, "end": 12699, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "d this court will not sanction such a departure from the clear import of the statutory language.\nB. Section 31 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 was a valid exercise of congressional power under the commerce cla", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0822f65d9ff2453e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13064, "end": 13076, "quote": "379 U.S. 241", "context": "as well as those activities affecting interstate commerce. Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, 379 U.S. 241, 85 S.Ct. 348, 13 L.Ed.2d 258 (1964); Wickard v. Filburn, 317 U.S. 111, 63 S.Ct. 82, 87 L.Ed. 122 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "379 U.S. 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "852d7c8d68e5718e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13078, "end": 13090, "quote": "85 S.Ct. 348", "context": "se activities affecting interstate commerce. Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, 379 U.S. 241, 85 S.Ct. 348, 13 L.Ed.2d 258 (1964); Wickard v. Filburn, 317 U.S. 111, 63 S.Ct. 82, 87 L.Ed. 122 (1942). The pow", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 S. Ct. 348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a1dac937360cb85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13092, "end": 13106, "quote": "13 L.Ed.2d 258", "context": "affecting interstate commerce. Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, 379 U.S. 241, 85 S.Ct. 348, 13 L.Ed.2d 258 (1964); Wickard v. Filburn, 317 U.S. 111, 63 S.Ct. 82, 87 L.Ed. 122 (1942). The power includes the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 L. Ed. 2d 258", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a4e7e16e1356cdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13135, "end": 13147, "quote": "317 U.S. 111", "context": "anta Motel v. United States, 379 U.S. 241, 85 S.Ct. 348, 13 L.Ed.2d 258 (1964); Wickard v. Filburn, 317 U.S. 111, 63 S.Ct. 82, 87 L.Ed. 122 (1942). The power includes the power to control state taxation affecting", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "317 U.S. 111", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83afb0479083c4a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13149, "end": 13160, "quote": "63 S.Ct. 82", "context": "United States, 379 U.S. 241, 85 S.Ct. 348, 13 L.Ed.2d 258 (1964); Wickard v. Filburn, 317 U.S. 111, 63 S.Ct. 82, 87 L.Ed. 122 (1942). The power includes the power to control state taxation affecting interstate c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 S. Ct. 82", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c9cd915ea8d45a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13162, "end": 13174, "quote": "87 L.Ed. 122", "context": ", 379 U.S. 241, 85 S.Ct. 348, 13 L.Ed.2d 258 (1964); Wickard v. Filburn, 317 U.S. 111, 63 S.Ct. 82, 87 L.Ed. 122 (1942). The power includes the power to control state taxation affecting interstate commerce. Arizo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 L. Ed. 122", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd6fab1ebe9debab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13306, "end": 13318, "quote": "441 U.S. 141", "context": "power to control state taxation affecting interstate commerce. Arizona Public Service Co. v. Snead, 441 U.S. 141, 99 S.Ct. 1629, 60 L.Ed.2d 106 (1979). For a thorough discussion of the cases bearing on the power ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "441 U.S. 141", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "498ba34ca963af08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13320, "end": 13333, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 1629", "context": "ol state taxation affecting interstate commerce. Arizona Public Service Co. v. Snead, 441 U.S. 141, 99 S.Ct. 1629, 60 L.Ed.2d 106 (1979). For a thorough discussion of the cases bearing on the power of Congress to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 1629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b7d01771ed3768f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13335, "end": 13349, "quote": "60 L.Ed.2d 106", "context": "on affecting interstate commerce. Arizona Public Service Co. v. Snead, 441 U.S. 141, 99 S.Ct. 1629, 60 L.Ed.2d 106 (1979). For a thorough discussion of the cases bearing on the power of Congress to affect state tax", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 L. Ed. 2d 106", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0611fcfb021c3108", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13546, "end": 13561, "quote": "478 F.Supp. 199", "context": "taxing power through commerce clause legislation, see State of Tennessee v. Louisville & N. R. Co., 478 F.Supp. 199 (M.D.Tenn.1979).\nJudge Wiseman’s thoughtful as well as thorough opinion in the' L & N case, id. is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "478 F. Supp. 199", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_478/0199_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "110ea1f28d19058c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13654, "end": 13657, "quote": "id.", "context": "pp. 199 (M.D.Tenn.1979).\nJudge Wiseman’s thoughtful as well as thorough opinion in the' L & N case, id. is particularly relevant to the issues now before the court, since the court in that case upheld th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "478 F. Supp. 199", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_478/0199_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7333b63344071a18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13774, "end": 13785, "quote": "Section 306", "context": "relevant to the issues now before the court, since the court in that case upheld the application of Section 306 of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 (the “4R Act”), in the face of cha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd016a86514cef4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 13984, "end": 13995, "quote": "Section 306", "context": "allenges by the State of Tennessee which were identical to the arguments raised in the case at bar. Section 306 of the 4R Act is virtually identical to Section 31 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, except that it", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "adaa132f4265427b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 14036, "end": 14046, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "cal to the arguments raised in the case at bar. Section 306 of the 4R Act is virtually identical to Section 31 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, except that it obviously concerns state taxation of railroads rat", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "011daef48c001935", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 14187, "end": 14198, "quote": "Section 306", "context": " that it obviously concerns state taxation of railroads rather than motor carriers. In holding that Section 306 was a permissible exercise of congressional power under the commerce clause, Judge Wiseman discusse", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e14b07abeeb8070c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 14488, "end": 14509, "quote": "478 F.Supp. at 202-08", "context": "tate taxation. That discussion is fully applicable here and will therefore be adopted by reference. 478 F.Supp. at 202-08.\nSuffice to say that the court can discern no distinction between Section 31 of the Motor Carrier A", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "478 F. Supp. 199", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_478/0199_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5afeb9b365a24887", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 14576, "end": 14586, "quote": "Section 31", "context": " reference. 478 F.Supp. at 202-08.\nSuffice to say that the court can discern no distinction between Section 31 of the Motor Carrier Act and Section 306 of the 4R Act sufficient to warrant in this case a result ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d5846e858767858", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 14616, "end": 14627, "quote": "Section 306", "context": "ce to say that the court can discern no distinction between Section 31 of the Motor Carrier Act and Section 306 of the 4R Act sufficient to warrant in this case a result different from that reached in the L & N ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7a6435eb4b70ec9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 14960, "end": 14966, "quote": "supra,", "context": "he commerce clause in areas affecting the ability of states to levy and collect taxes. But as noted supra, the constitutional power of Congress under the commerce clause clearly permits some limitation on t", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6bb46e2c85b3d31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 15365, "end": 15377, "quote": "441 U.S. 141", "context": "em is affected does not itself invalidate the legislation. See Arizona Public Service Co. v. Snead, 441 U.S. 141, 99 S.Ct. 1629, 60 L.Ed.2d 106 (1979).\nIn the present case, the court concludes that Congress had a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "441 U.S. 141", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2c52d2568b4853c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 15379, "end": 15392, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 1629", "context": " does not itself invalidate the legislation. See Arizona Public Service Co. v. Snead, 441 U.S. 141, 99 S.Ct. 1629, 60 L.Ed.2d 106 (1979).\nIn the present case, the court concludes that Congress had a rational basis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 1629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b2e2a6821f5794d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 15394, "end": 15408, "quote": "60 L.Ed.2d 106", "context": "f invalidate the legislation. See Arizona Public Service Co. v. Snead, 441 U.S. 141, 99 S.Ct. 1629, 60 L.Ed.2d 106 (1979).\nIn the present case, the court concludes that Congress had a rational basis for concluding ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 L. Ed. 2d 106", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d35e07f50ba9954", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 16164, "end": 16174, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "l interests under the constitutional power to regulate interstate commerce. The court believes that Section 31 was an entirely reasonable and legitimate response to the perceived burden and was therefore within", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ccec3946f3399b3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 16490, "end": 16502, "quote": "426 U.S. 833", "context": "serve to limit the power of Congress under the commerce clause. National League of Cities v. Usery, 426 U.S. 833, 96 S.Ct. 2465, 49 L.Ed.2d 245 (1976). However, the court agrees with Judge Wiseman’s decision in t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "426 U.S. 833", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a78c7835df1250dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 16504, "end": 16517, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 2465", "context": " the power of Congress under the commerce clause. National League of Cities v. Usery, 426 U.S. 833, 96 S.Ct. 2465, 49 L.Ed.2d 245 (1976). However, the court agrees with Judge Wiseman’s decision in the L & N ease t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 2465", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de1325f4b635a770", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 16519, "end": 16533, "quote": "49 L.Ed.2d 245", "context": "ongress under the commerce clause. National League of Cities v. Usery, 426 U.S. 833, 96 S.Ct. 2465, 49 L.Ed.2d 245 (1976). However, the court agrees with Judge Wiseman’s decision in the L & N ease that National Lea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 L. Ed. 2d 245", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7953c5b3b1ce570", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 17498, "end": 17516, "quote": "478 F.Supp. at 206", "context": "which affects the states’ ability to perform functions arguably reserved under the tenth amendment. 478 F.Supp. at 206. However, as suggested by Mr. Justice Blackmun’s concurring opinion in National League of Cities, t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "478 F. Supp. 199", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_478/0199_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "99bcf35ebb883c17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 17846, "end": 17861, "quote": "426 U.S. at 856", "context": "ted are strong enough to outweigh the asserted goals of Congress in protecting interstate commerce. 426 U.S. at 856, 96 S.Ct. at 2476, 49 L.Ed.2d at 260 (Blackmun, J., concurring). Such an approach is consistent wit", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "426 U.S. 833", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01cb13a3d856dc27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 17863, "end": 17879, "quote": "96 S.Ct. at 2476", "context": "ough to outweigh the asserted goals of Congress in protecting interstate commerce. 426 U.S. at 856, 96 S.Ct. at 2476, 49 L.Ed.2d at 260 (Blackmun, J., concurring). Such an approach is consistent with Supreme Court ca", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 2465", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2854f59af7b0150", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 17881, "end": 17898, "quote": "49 L.Ed.2d at 260", "context": "he asserted goals of Congress in protecting interstate commerce. 426 U.S. at 856, 96 S.Ct. at 2476, 49 L.Ed.2d at 260 (Blackmun, J., concurring). Such an approach is consistent with Supreme Court cases prior to Nation", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "49 L. Ed. 2d 245", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93e5f32c3e704993", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 18058, "end": 18070, "quote": "325 U.S. 761", "context": "with Supreme Court cases prior to National League of Cities, e.g., Southern Pacific Co. v. Arizona, 325 U.S. 761, 65 S.Ct. 1515, 89 L.Ed. 1915 (1945), and was employed by this court in L & N, supra, as well as by", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "325 U.S. 761", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b57a4cf09478edf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 18072, "end": 18085, "quote": "65 S.Ct. 1515", "context": "ourt cases prior to National League of Cities, e.g., Southern Pacific Co. v. Arizona, 325 U.S. 761, 65 S.Ct. 1515, 89 L.Ed. 1915 (1945), and was employed by this court in L & N, supra, as well as by other federal ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 S. Ct. 1515", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f25eadbb5248754", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 18087, "end": 18100, "quote": "89 L.Ed. 1915", "context": "r to National League of Cities, e.g., Southern Pacific Co. v. Arizona, 325 U.S. 761, 65 S.Ct. 1515, 89 L.Ed. 1915 (1945), and was employed by this court in L & N, supra, as well as by other federal courts since Na", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 1915", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "985b20edda159c82", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 18150, "end": 18156, "quote": "supra,", "context": "rizona, 325 U.S. 761, 65 S.Ct. 1515, 89 L.Ed. 1915 (1945), and was employed by this court in L & N, supra, as well as by other federal courts since National League of Cities, e.g., Arizona v. Atchison, Tope", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "491d77254cb8aa4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 18392, "end": 18402, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "(D.Ariz. Jan. 26, 1979). Thus the court will now use such a balancing approach to determine whether Section 31 passes muster under that test as well as the rational basis test, supra.\nThe goals of Congress in e", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab83a766df97439f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 18469, "end": 18475, "quote": "supra.", "context": "h to determine whether Section 31 passes muster under that test as well as the rational basis test, supra.\nThe goals of Congress in enacting Section 31 have been previously discussed and need not be repeate", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d94a165ef2145119", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 18510, "end": 18520, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "muster under that test as well as the rational basis test, supra.\nThe goals of Congress in enacting Section 31 have been previously discussed and need not be repeated here. The interests of the State of Tenness", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37b95083078147a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 19073, "end": 19083, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "mate and vital state interests.\nHowever, the essential nature of those interests is not affected by Section 31 and thus cannot be effectively asserted in opposition to the application of that section. The state", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd0a743231bb86aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 19300, "end": 19310, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "se a particular amount of revenue by virtue of ad valorem property taxation will not be impaired by Section 31 (except as it relates to the 1980 tax year, which will be discussed, infra). Rather, Tennessee will", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "12081ef081a4a360", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 19576, "end": 19586, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "-a-vis commercial and industrial property generally in the collection of property taxes. Nothing in Section 31 prohibits adjustments in the commercial and industrial property tax rates in order to produce reven", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20919e5559cbff9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 19735, "end": 19745, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "strial property tax rates in order to produce revenue equal to that currently collected. Similarly, Section 31 does not require Tennessee to abandon its entire property tax classification system, nor to tax all", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6c100cc72826cc8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 20466, "end": 20476, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ial property generally. Therefore, under the balancing test as well as the rational basis approach, Section 31 must be upheld as a valid exercise of the power of Congress under the commerce clause.\nC. Section 3", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04768deb457b2247", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 20567, "end": 20577, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ection 31 must be upheld as a valid exercise of the power of Congress under the commerce clause.\nC. Section 31 applies to 1980 assessments.\nThe state has argued that even if Section 31 is otherwise valid and fu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "78603adae62f4181", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 20641, "end": 20651, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "r the commerce clause.\nC. Section 31 applies to 1980 assessments.\nThe state has argued that even if Section 31 is otherwise valid and fully applicable to the plaintiffs’ property, its July 1, 1980, effective da", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0251ef2ed9ed62fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 20894, "end": 20902, "quote": "§ 67-603", "context": " The state contends that an immutable assessment date of January 1 is established by Tenn.Code Ann. § 67-603 (1976), and that attempted modifications after that assessment date are ineffective as to that part", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9226352eb50d4060", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 21364, "end": 21372, "quote": "§ 67-603", "context": " planned and at a time too late to allow the state to adjust its budgetary planning.\nTenn.Code Ann. § 67-603 (1976) provides, in relevant part, as follows: “All assessments of real property and of personal pr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c464a2ee22f0da49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 21909, "end": 21919, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "Judge Wiseman’s opinion in L &N, that the doctrine of federal supremacy requires the application of Section 31 in the year in which it took effect, as to all assessments actually made after the effective date.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76e1dc61087e0ccf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 22093, "end": 22103, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "after the effective date.\nThe state’s contention that the absence of a particular effective date in Section 31 evidences lack of any Congressional intention as to the effective date is without merit. It is true", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c179f84a9e068451", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 22516, "end": 22523, "quote": "the Act", "context": "s designed to allow the states to delay the implementation of any corrective measures occasioned by the Act. Rather, it seems more likely that the absence of an express phase-in period such as was included i", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "018fde903e6dbc80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 22793, "end": 22804, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": "mediately effective. The court can discern no valid legal reason for delaying the implementation of Section 31.\nThe argument that application of Section 31 to the 1980 tax year unfairly hampers the state in its ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0628536f9a6b8c6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 22838, "end": 22848, "quote": "Section 31", "context": " valid legal reason for delaying the implementation of Section 31.\nThe argument that application of Section 31 to the 1980 tax year unfairly hampers the state in its ability to collect revenues under a budget a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6df1c29f66889bcd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 24165, "end": 24172, "quote": "the Act", "context": "or Carrier Act was intended and that the adverse impact on states in violation of the provisions of the Act is insufficient reason to subvert that intent.\nFurthermore, making Section 31 immediately effective", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2eac49f91ecbb63d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 24240, "end": 24250, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ion of the provisions of the Act is insufficient reason to subvert that intent.\nFurthermore, making Section 31 immediately effective is consistent even with Tennessee law, which gives immediate effect to legisl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3a4d4f945d1e4549", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 24495, "end": 24508, "quote": "187 Tenn. 277", "context": "e date on which the changes are signed into law. See McCord v. Nashville, Chattanooga & St. L. Ry., 187 Tenn. 277, 213 S.W.2d 196 (1948). In that case, the Court gave immediate effect to amendments requiring the b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "187 Tenn. 277", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "978aa695008200a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 24510, "end": 24524, "quote": "213 S.W.2d 196", "context": " the changes are signed into law. See McCord v. Nashville, Chattanooga & St. L. Ry., 187 Tenn. 277, 213 S.W.2d 196 (1948). In that case, the Court gave immediate effect to amendments requiring the biennial assessme", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "213 S.W.2d 196", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ebf5e61a853af1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 24850, "end": 24860, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ready been made in the previous year.\nThus, in the present case, while the immediate application of Section 31 is mandated by the supremacy clause of the United States Constitution, the court concludes that a c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62e6706895aece54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 25029, "end": 25039, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "n, the court concludes that a contrary result would not be mandated by Tennessee law and holds that Section 31 is fully applicable to all 1980 property tax assessments actually made after July 1, 1980.\nD. Secti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6260c494f625860c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 25134, "end": 25144, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "on 31 is fully applicable to all 1980 property tax assessments actually made after July 1, 1980.\nD. Section 31 applies to plaintiff KwickWay Transportation Company, even though Kwick-Way’s activities are intras", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2302a78f72d9585a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 25276, "end": 25286, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ransportation Company, even though Kwick-Way’s activities are intrastate.\nThe state has argued that Section 31 should not apply to those carriers whose activities are restricted to the State of Tennessee. This ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b8869354ec4f9335", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 25423, "end": 25433, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "hose activities are restricted to the State of Tennessee. This argument is based on the language in Section 31 which makes the section applicable to any “motor carrier of property providing transportation in in", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eccf97eab3871722", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 26085, "end": 26095, "quote": "Section 31", "context": " from I.C.C. regulation, it is nevertheless asserted that all carriers subject to the provisions of Section 31 must engage in some interstate transportation. To the extent that such reasoning requires an effect", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f4c92f7f2dbd744", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 26375, "end": 26386, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": "the argument that actual travel between states is necessary to make a particular carrier subject to Section 31.\nA carrier which delivers goods that originated in or are ultimately destined for another state is c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69932931555ccfaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 26659, "end": 26669, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "t to the constitutional authority of Congress under the commerce clause. The legislative history of Section 31 plainly demonstrates that the reach of that section is broader than the jurisdiction of the I.C.C. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8357e6aef46527fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 26786, "end": 26792, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ates that the reach of that section is broader than the jurisdiction of the I.C.C. H.R.Rep.No.1069, supra, 1980 U.S.Code Cong. & Ad.News at 2327. Even the language of Section 31 itself makes this broader ef", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8f56de9286f6b195", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 26853, "end": 26863, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "n of the I.C.C. H.R.Rep.No.1069, supra, 1980 U.S.Code Cong. & Ad.News at 2327. Even the language of Section 31 itself makes this broader effect clear. 49 U.S.C. § 11503a(a)(3). The court holds that this broader", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96f5b34eb79a8651", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 26914, "end": 26928, "quote": "§ 11503a(a)(3)", "context": " Ad.News at 2327. Even the language of Section 31 itself makes this broader effect clear. 49 U.S.C. § 11503a(a)(3). The court holds that this broader effect was intended to encompass those carriers which transport ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1b3ccdb52fd7075", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 27359, "end": 27370, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": "ennessee, it is engaged in the transportation of goods in interstate commerce within the meaning of Section 31. Furthermore, regardless of the origin or destination of the goods transported by Kwick-Way, that pr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc7e7a5c64b8ef06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 27566, "end": 27577, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": "t property which it owns and leases to interstate carriers is clearly entitled to the protection of Section 31.\nE. Section 31 does not apply to plaintiffs G & C Entertainment Enterprises, Inc., and Stardust Tour", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "201c4659daebb603", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 27581, "end": 27591, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "h it owns and leases to interstate carriers is clearly entitled to the protection of Section 31.\nE. Section 31 does not apply to plaintiffs G & C Entertainment Enterprises, Inc., and Stardust Tours, Inc.\nAs not", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c742da6cdbebafa4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 27701, "end": 27711, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "apply to plaintiffs G & C Entertainment Enterprises, Inc., and Stardust Tours, Inc.\nAs noted above, Section 31 prohibits discrimination in taxation against “motor carrier transportation property.” The term “mot", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b880d3af3b29f100", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 27966, "end": 27980, "quote": "§ 11503a(a)(3)", "context": "ant part as follows: “[Property . . . owned or used by a motor carrier of property ....’’ 49 U.S.C. § 11503a(a)(3) (emphasis added). Plaintiffs G & C and Stardust transport people, not property, and thus fall outsi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40226943cd389df6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 28183, "end": 28193, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "the express terms of the statute. Therefore, these plaintiffs are not entitled to the protection of Section 31, and the temporary restraining order previously entered and extended by agreement of the parties pe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d2dcc19850ed544", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 28395, "end": 28405, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ing the outcome of this action, must be lifted as to both G & C and Stardust.\nF. The application of Section 31 does not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Const", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f2a539f1ddcab42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 28672, "end": 28683, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": " on behalf of any motor carriers operating in Tennessee which are not entitled to the protection of Section 31. It is argued that the favored treatment given those carriers within the purview of Section 31 arbit", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "711622579b78801d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 28767, "end": 28777, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "n of Section 31. It is argued that the favored treatment given those carriers within the purview of Section 31 arbitrarily discriminates against those carriers not covered by the statute. This argument must be ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b85d9fa49c9287f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 29919, "end": 29931, "quote": "346 U.S. 249", "context": "ality of a statute unless he shows that he himself is injured by its operation.\nBarrows v. Jackson, 346 U.S. 249, 255, 73 S.Ct. 1031, 1034, 97 L.Ed. 1586, 1594-95 (1953). See also, United States v. Raines, 362 U.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "346 U.S. 249", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04328d7189c76693", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 29938, "end": 29951, "quote": "73 S.Ct. 1031", "context": "unless he shows that he himself is injured by its operation.\nBarrows v. Jackson, 346 U.S. 249, 255, 73 S.Ct. 1031, 1034, 97 L.Ed. 1586, 1594-95 (1953). See also, United States v. Raines, 362 U.S. 17, 80 S.Ct. 519,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 S. Ct. 1031", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97ebd345f8a011f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 29959, "end": 29972, "quote": "97 L.Ed. 1586", "context": "he himself is injured by its operation.\nBarrows v. Jackson, 346 U.S. 249, 255, 73 S.Ct. 1031, 1034, 97 L.Ed. 1586, 1594-95 (1953). See also, United States v. Raines, 362 U.S. 17, 80 S.Ct. 519, 4 L.Ed.2d 524 (1960)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 L. Ed. 1586", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50c238194a8f7d4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 30025, "end": 30036, "quote": "362 U.S. 17", "context": "S. 249, 255, 73 S.Ct. 1031, 1034, 97 L.Ed. 1586, 1594-95 (1953). See also, United States v. Raines, 362 U.S. 17, 80 S.Ct. 519, 4 L.Ed.2d 524 (1960).\nIn the present case, the state is indeed in a poor position to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "362 U.S. 17", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b67ad93a504db6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 30038, "end": 30050, "quote": "80 S.Ct. 519", "context": "73 S.Ct. 1031, 1034, 97 L.Ed. 1586, 1594-95 (1953). See also, United States v. Raines, 362 U.S. 17, 80 S.Ct. 519, 4 L.Ed.2d 524 (1960).\nIn the present case, the state is indeed in a poor position to assert the co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 S. Ct. 519", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c8bc27088fa3e05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 30052, "end": 30065, "quote": "4 L.Ed.2d 524", "context": " 1034, 97 L.Ed. 1586, 1594-95 (1953). See also, United States v. Raines, 362 U.S. 17, 80 S.Ct. 519, 4 L.Ed.2d 524 (1960).\nIn the present case, the state is indeed in a poor position to assert the constitutional ri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 L. Ed. 2d 524", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0313cb4d8a6a3ab9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 30335, "end": 30346, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": "nst such carriers, it exists by virtue of the state’s tax classification scheme, and not because of Section 31. It is thus clear that not only is the state itself not injured by the asserted discrimination (it i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "696506ca7d79d361", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 31193, "end": 31205, "quote": "397 U.S. 471", "context": " class such as race, the proper standard of review is a rational basis test. Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471, 90 S.Ct. 1153, 25 L.Ed.2d 491 (1970). Thus, as long as the statutory classification is rationally ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "397 U.S. 471", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "806acff69b37b7a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 31207, "end": 31220, "quote": "90 S.Ct. 1153", "context": " race, the proper standard of review is a rational basis test. Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471, 90 S.Ct. 1153, 25 L.Ed.2d 491 (1970). Thus, as long as the statutory classification is rationally related to a le", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 S. Ct. 1153", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e4ee2ad79df6e97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 31222, "end": 31236, "quote": "25 L.Ed.2d 491", "context": "er standard of review is a rational basis test. Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471, 90 S.Ct. 1153, 25 L.Ed.2d 491 (1970). Thus, as long as the statutory classification is rationally related to a legitimate governm", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 L. Ed. 2d 491", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65e693136401a400", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 31409, "end": 31415, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ted to a legitimate governmental interest, the statute will be allowed to stand. And, as discussed, supra, Section 31 is clearly rationally related to a legitimate governmental interest. That discussion is ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80b7f97398930ca9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 31416, "end": 31426, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "a legitimate governmental interest, the statute will be allowed to stand. And, as discussed, supra, Section 31 is clearly rationally related to a legitimate governmental interest. That discussion is fully appli", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2eb71bb650847599", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 31684, "end": 31694, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "rt concludes that Tennessee’s system of taxing motor carrier transportation property, as defined in Section 31 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, at rates higher than the rates assessed on commercial and industr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "35cbf115945e7425", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 31850, "end": 31860, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "the rates assessed on commercial and industrial property in the state, violates the prohibitions of Section 31, and must therefore be declared invalid. The enactment of Section 31 was within the constitutional ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c695809327d42e31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 31919, "end": 31929, "quote": "Section 31", "context": ", violates the prohibitions of Section 31, and must therefore be declared invalid. The enactment of Section 31 was within the constitutional power of Congress under the commerce clause. Section 31 applies to al", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d9e9ae0f9129e45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 32005, "end": 32015, "quote": "Section 31", "context": " enactment of Section 31 was within the constitutional power of Congress under the commerce clause. Section 31 applies to all motor carriers of goods in interstate commerce, including carriers of goods which ei", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "247596bb49a13830", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 32333, "end": 32343, "quote": "Section 31", "context": " intrastate.\nAn order will be entered permanently enjoining the assessment of taxes in violation of Section 31, as to all plaintiffs except G & C Entertainment Enterprises, Inc., and Stardust Tours, Inc. For th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b4310ec7d82de0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 32467, "end": 32477, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "xcept G & C Entertainment Enterprises, Inc., and Stardust Tours, Inc. For the reasons stated above, Section 31 does not apply to these two plaintiffs, and the temporary restraining order previously issued as to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5e2d9bd84f44e8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 32838, "end": 32848, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ntly enjoined from assessing property taxes on motor carrier transportation property, as defined in Section 31 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, in excess of the assessment rates applicable to commercial and in", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "087ab10c5d8acdd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 33044, "end": 33054, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "d industrial property in the state. It is further ordered that any assessments made in violation of Section 31 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 for the 1980 tax year be reduced to an amount not in excess of the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce866279eaa17e77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 33258, "end": 33268, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "essments made on other commercial and industrial property of like value. It is further ordered that Section 31 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 is hereby held applicable to all motor carriers of property moving", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ced446b22cadd96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 35275, "end": 35287, "quote": "section 1341", "context": "able to commercial and industrial property in the same assessment jurisdiction.\n(c) Notwithstanding section 1341 of title 28 and without regard to the amount in controversy or citizenship of the parties, a distri", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "64788721b8897630", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 36990, "end": 36999, "quote": "§ 11503a.", "context": "te that exceeds the tax ratio rate applicable to taxable property in the taxing district.\n49 U.S.C. § 11503a.\n. Interestingly, Section 31 is part of a comprehensive statute designed to substantially reduce fed", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f195fd099b926dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 37017, "end": 37027, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "io rate applicable to taxable property in the taxing district.\n49 U.S.C. § 11503a.\n. Interestingly, Section 31 is part of a comprehensive statute designed to substantially reduce federal regulation of the motor", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "882fa2d44c41bf9d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 37208, "end": 37214, "quote": "supra,", "context": "lation of the motor carrier industry, as well as promote greater competition. See H.R.Rep. 96-1069, supra, 1980 U.S. Code Cong. & Ad.News 2283.\n. There was no stipulation on this point and no additional evi", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aec9dd859862234e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 37690, "end": 37696, "quote": "supra,", "context": "commerce within the broadest meaning of that term under the commerce clause. See Wickard v. Fiibum, supra, and Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, supra. Despite the reach of those cases, the court doe", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b240d89602b3cfc9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 37742, "end": 37748, "quote": "supra.", "context": "der the commerce clause. See Wickard v. Fiibum, supra, and Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, supra. Despite the reach of those cases, the court does not believe that Congress went so far in Section 3", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "19e7787bab1fe451", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 37839, "end": 37850, "quote": "Section 31.", "context": "s, supra. Despite the reach of those cases, the court does not believe that Congress went so far in Section 31. Rather, the language “providing transportation in interstate commerce,” 49 U.S.C. § 11503a(a)(3), s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "860f1d947185bcba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 37933, "end": 37947, "quote": "§ 11503a(a)(3)", "context": "ar in Section 31. Rather, the language “providing transportation in interstate commerce,” 49 U.S.C. § 11503a(a)(3), seems to require that the property actually be a part of the stream of interstate commerce and not", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "85001717565de9f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_546/0904_01/index.html", "start": 38168, "end": 38178, "quote": "Section 31", "context": "ce in the broadest sense. The court’s holding as to Kwick-Way is therefore limited in this respect: Section 31 applies only if the carrier transports goods originating in or destined for out of state.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8944ac1a6e1f753b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 235, "end": 247, "quote": "Section 1405", "context": "uling of December 20, 1984, challenges the constitutionality of the special assessment provision of Section 1405, of the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984, Chapter XIV: Victims of Crime Act of 1984,18 U.S.C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb68092a110bb212", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 339, "end": 355, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3013", "context": "ion 1405, of the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984, Chapter XIV: Victims of Crime Act of 1984,18 U.S.C. § 3013 (Supp.1984) (“Victims of Crime Act of 1984”) as applied to the forfeiture of collateral in lieu of ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3013", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3013/title18_sec3013_b1b41f8688b2/3013_special_assessment_on_convicted_persons_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c099ed80a6f9ab65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 580, "end": 596, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3013", "context": "fense. For the reasons set forth below, the special assessment of the Victims of Crime Act of 1984, 18 U.S.C. § 3013, is equally applicable to forfeiture of collateral and in addition, the current inconsistent applic", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3013", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3013/title18_sec3013_b1b41f8688b2/3013_special_assessment_on_convicted_persons_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a74fc41c70a59800", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 1312, "end": 1328, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3013", "context": "$25.00 fine and a $25.00 special assessment under the recently enacted Victims of Crime Act of 1984,18 U.S.C. § 3013. The special assessment is not imposed on persons who post collateral.\nAppellant timely noted his a", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3013", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3013/title18_sec3013_b1b41f8688b2/3013_special_assessment_on_convicted_persons_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4a7a278d7e522873", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 1322, "end": 1329, "quote": "§ 3013.", "context": "e and a $25.00 special assessment under the recently enacted Victims of Crime Act of 1984,18 U.S.C. § 3013. The special assessment is not imposed on persons who post collateral.\nAppellant timely noted his ap", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3013/title18_sec3013_b1b41f8688b2/3013_special_assessment_on_convicted_persons_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e685d75c552c3ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3063, "end": 3075, "quote": "448 U.S. 297", "context": "or sound jurisprudential reasons, will inquire first into the statutory question.” Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297, 306-307, 100 S.Ct. 2671, 2682-2683, 65 L.Ed.2d 784 (1980). Indeed, “[t]his practice reflects the d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "448 U.S. 297", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16bd8703f4282071", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3086, "end": 3100, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 2671", "context": "l reasons, will inquire first into the statutory question.” Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297, 306-307, 100 S.Ct. 2671, 2682-2683, 65 L.Ed.2d 784 (1980). Indeed, “[t]his practice reflects the deeply rooted doctrine ‘th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2671", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "85e01ffaa2c178b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3113, "end": 3127, "quote": "65 L.Ed.2d 784", "context": "st into the statutory question.” Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297, 306-307, 100 S.Ct. 2671, 2682-2683, 65 L.Ed.2d 784 (1980). Indeed, “[t]his practice reflects the deeply rooted doctrine ‘that [this court] ought not t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 L. Ed. 2d 784", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4427ca52f5d1c06f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3314, "end": 3324, "quote": "Id. at 307", "context": "] ought not to pass on questions of constitutionality ... unless such adjudication is unavoidable/” Id. at 307, 100 S.Ct. at 2683 (quoting Spector Motor Service, Inc. v. McLaughlin, 323 U.S. 101, 105, 65 S.Ct. ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b9f22af84b3ffc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3326, "end": 3339, "quote": "100 S.Ct. at ", "context": "to pass on questions of constitutionality ... unless such adjudication is unavoidable/” Id. at 307, 100 S.Ct. at 2683 (quoting Spector Motor Service, Inc. v. McLaughlin, 323 U.S. 101, 105, 65 S.Ct. 152, 154, 89 L.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2671", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ccefe4fc895ef639", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3396, "end": 3408, "quote": "323 U.S. 101", "context": " is unavoidable/” Id. at 307, 100 S.Ct. at 2683 (quoting Spector Motor Service, Inc. v. McLaughlin, 323 U.S. 101, 105, 65 S.Ct. 152, 154, 89 L.Ed. 101 (1944)).\nAs always, with any issue of statutory construction,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "323 U.S. 101", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8538931452058f62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3415, "end": 3427, "quote": "65 S.Ct. 152", "context": "d. at 307, 100 S.Ct. at 2683 (quoting Spector Motor Service, Inc. v. McLaughlin, 323 U.S. 101, 105, 65 S.Ct. 152, 154, 89 L.Ed. 101 (1944)).\nAs always, with any issue of statutory construction, this court “ ‘must", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 S. Ct. 152", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b763f57e84874f29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3434, "end": 3446, "quote": "89 L.Ed. 101", "context": ". at 2683 (quoting Spector Motor Service, Inc. v. McLaughlin, 323 U.S. 101, 105, 65 S.Ct. 152, 154, 89 L.Ed. 101 (1944)).\nAs always, with any issue of statutory construction, this court “ ‘must begin with the lan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 101", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6192410446a24caf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3618, "end": 3630, "quote": "455 U.S. 577", "context": "t “ ‘must begin with the language of the statute itself/ ” Bread Political Action Committee v. FEC, 455 U.S. 577, 580, 102 S.Ct. 1235, 1237, 71 L.Ed.2d 432 (1982) (quoting Dawson Chemical Co. v. Rohm & Haas Co., ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "455 U.S. 577", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5445473090fc4b88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3637, "end": 3651, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 1235", "context": "h the language of the statute itself/ ” Bread Political Action Committee v. FEC, 455 U.S. 577, 580, 102 S.Ct. 1235, 1237, 71 L.Ed.2d 432 (1982) (quoting Dawson Chemical Co. v. Rohm & Haas Co., 448 U.S. 176, 187, 10", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 1235", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4f863df5ae04971", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3659, "end": 3673, "quote": "71 L.Ed.2d 432", "context": "statute itself/ ” Bread Political Action Committee v. FEC, 455 U.S. 577, 580, 102 S.Ct. 1235, 1237, 71 L.Ed.2d 432 (1982) (quoting Dawson Chemical Co. v. Rohm & Haas Co., 448 U.S. 176, 187, 100 S.Ct. 2601, 2608, 65", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 L. Ed. 2d 432", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16d82477ffa4bf7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3730, "end": 3742, "quote": "448 U.S. 176", "context": ", 580, 102 S.Ct. 1235, 1237, 71 L.Ed.2d 432 (1982) (quoting Dawson Chemical Co. v. Rohm & Haas Co., 448 U.S. 176, 187, 100 S.Ct. 2601, 2608, 65 L.Ed.2d 696 (1980)). In short, this court’s task is to “interpret th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "448 U.S. 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "afbb131811ce8d3c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3749, "end": 3763, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 2601", "context": "35, 1237, 71 L.Ed.2d 432 (1982) (quoting Dawson Chemical Co. v. Rohm & Haas Co., 448 U.S. 176, 187, 100 S.Ct. 2601, 2608, 65 L.Ed.2d 696 (1980)). In short, this court’s task is to “interpret the words of [the statu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2601", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3cc596ee9d3531af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 3771, "end": 3785, "quote": "65 L.Ed.2d 696", "context": "32 (1982) (quoting Dawson Chemical Co. v. Rohm & Haas Co., 448 U.S. 176, 187, 100 S.Ct. 2601, 2608, 65 L.Ed.2d 696 (1980)). In short, this court’s task is to “interpret the words of [the statute] in light of the pu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 L. Ed. 2d 696", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5c5a8f1636bf512", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 4049, "end": 4061, "quote": "460 U.S. 103", "context": " fund through special assessments to aid victims of crime. Dickerson v. New Banner Institute, Inc., 460 U.S. 103, 118, 103 S.Ct. 986, 994, 74 L.Ed.2d 845 (1983) (quoting Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organiza", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "460 U.S. 103", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87623d33d3a162c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 4068, "end": 4081, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 986", "context": "al assessments to aid victims of crime. Dickerson v. New Banner Institute, Inc., 460 U.S. 103, 118, 103 S.Ct. 986, 994, 74 L.Ed.2d 845 (1983) (quoting Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organization, 441 U.S. 600, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 986", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd1b0db74e94b06c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 4088, "end": 4102, "quote": "74 L.Ed.2d 845", "context": "d victims of crime. Dickerson v. New Banner Institute, Inc., 460 U.S. 103, 118, 103 S.Ct. 986, 994, 74 L.Ed.2d 845 (1983) (quoting Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organization, 441 U.S. 600, 608, 99 S.Ct. 1905, 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 L. Ed. 2d 845", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "71512a2e3c2ec83c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 4167, "end": 4179, "quote": "441 U.S. 600", "context": " 103 S.Ct. 986, 994, 74 L.Ed.2d 845 (1983) (quoting Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organization, 441 U.S. 600, 608, 99 S.Ct. 1905, 1911, 60 L.Ed.2d 508 (1979)); quoted in United Hospital Center, Inc. v. Richar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "441 U.S. 600", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bc81a928a011440", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 4186, "end": 4199, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 1905", "context": ", 74 L.Ed.2d 845 (1983) (quoting Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organization, 441 U.S. 600, 608, 99 S.Ct. 1905, 1911, 60 L.Ed.2d 508 (1979)); quoted in United Hospital Center, Inc. v. Richardson, No. 84-1062, s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 1905", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62d25aee7826669c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 4207, "end": 4221, "quote": "60 L.Ed.2d 508", "context": "3) (quoting Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organization, 441 U.S. 600, 608, 99 S.Ct. 1905, 1911, 60 L.Ed.2d 508 (1979)); quoted in United Hospital Center, Inc. v. Richardson, No. 84-1062, slip op. at 12 (4th Cir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 L. Ed. 2d 508", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ed393cf6c8444e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 4603, "end": 4619, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3013", "context": " States—\n(1) in the case of a misdemeanor—\n(A) the amount of $25 if the defendant is an individual.\n18 U.S.C. § 3013 (emphasis added). Thus, the assessment is imposed on, among other offenses, any misdemeanor convict", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3013", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3013/title18_sec3013_b1b41f8688b2/3013_special_assessment_on_convicted_persons_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "f5548ccbe551bdbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 6944, "end": 6947, "quote": "Id.", "context": " court’s local rule impowers the U.S. Magistrate to “certify the record of any such conviction____” Id. (emphasis added). And again, Rule 29(H)(3) provides, and the appellee concedes in its brief, the dr", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a2ca2cb72fe94e8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 7281, "end": 7293, "quote": "460 U.S. at ", "context": "erms ‘convicted’ or ‘conviction’ do not have the same meaning in every federal statute.” Dickerson, 460 U.S. at 112 n. 6-7, 103 S.Ct. at 991 n. 6-7. For example, the term conviction applies “to one whose guilty p", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "460 U.S. 103", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb9ae4f290c08c39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 7305, "end": 7318, "quote": "103 S.Ct. at ", "context": "viction’ do not have the same meaning in every federal statute.” Dickerson, 460 U.S. at 112 n. 6-7, 103 S.Ct. at 991 n. 6-7. For example, the term conviction applies “to one whose guilty plea has been accepted whe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 986", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "398b5db983fc6bea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 7530, "end": 7533, "quote": "Id.", "context": "a final judgment has been entered” or “to persons against whom a formal judgment has been entered.” Id. (citation omitted). In finding one had been “convicted” within the meaning of the gun control statu", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 986", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0fdbf61932ea500e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 7821, "end": 7831, "quote": "Id. at 111", "context": "a) “the charge of a crime,” (b) “the plea of guilty to that charge,” and (c) sentence or probation. Id. at 111, 103 S.Ct. at 990. Here, it is plain that under the collateral forfeiture, the purpose and legal ef", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0b6e291143a39b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 7833, "end": 7849, "quote": "103 S.Ct. at 990", "context": "ge of a crime,” (b) “the plea of guilty to that charge,” and (c) sentence or probation. Id. at 111, 103 S.Ct. at 990. Here, it is plain that under the collateral forfeiture, the purpose and legal effect is a “convict", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 986", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c59e755cce73e769", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 7959, "end": 7969, "quote": "Id. at 112", "context": " is plain that under the collateral forfeiture, the purpose and legal effect is a “conviction.” See Id. at 112, 103 S.Ct. at 991 (“In some circumstances, we have considered a guilty plea alone enough to constit", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "51e94b787702e488", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 7971, "end": 7987, "quote": "103 S.Ct. at 991", "context": "at under the collateral forfeiture, the purpose and legal effect is a “conviction.” See Id. at 112, 103 S.Ct. at 991 (“In some circumstances, we have considered a guilty plea alone enough to constitute a ‘conviction’", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 986", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0c6417078524b38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 9378, "end": 9390, "quote": "368 U.S. 424", "context": "o the protections afforded fundamental constitutional rights {see generally, Hill v. United States, 368 U.S. 424, 428, 82 S.Ct. 468, 471, 7 L.Ed.2d 417 (1962); United States v. De la Paz, 698 F.2d 695, 697 (5th C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 U.S. 424", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c76f7ae8c598c74e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 9397, "end": 9409, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 468", "context": "fforded fundamental constitutional rights {see generally, Hill v. United States, 368 U.S. 424, 428, 82 S.Ct. 468, 471, 7 L.Ed.2d 417 (1962); United States v. De la Paz, 698 F.2d 695, 697 (5th Cir.1983)), arguably", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 468", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f25646e09e34178c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 9416, "end": 9429, "quote": "7 L.Ed.2d 417", "context": " constitutional rights {see generally, Hill v. United States, 368 U.S. 424, 428, 82 S.Ct. 468, 471, 7 L.Ed.2d 417 (1962); United States v. De la Paz, 698 F.2d 695, 697 (5th Cir.1983)), arguably, there are sufficie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 L. Ed. 2d 417", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "92306e3a50d4cb0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 9466, "end": 9478, "quote": "698 F.2d 695", "context": "ted States, 368 U.S. 424, 428, 82 S.Ct. 468, 471, 7 L.Ed.2d 417 (1962); United States v. De la Paz, 698 F.2d 695, 697 (5th Cir.1983)), arguably, there are sufficient grounds alleged which challenge the special as", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "698 F.2d 695", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_698/0695_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "076aca0d008c1db7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 9864, "end": 9876, "quote": "390 U.S. 570", "context": "ial “cannot be pursued by means that needlessly chill the exercise of basic constitutional rights.” 390 U.S. 570, 582, 88 S.Ct. 1209, 1216, 20 L.Ed.2d 138 (1968). Although, Jackson dealt with the kidnapping statu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "390 U.S. 570", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b4e85bb8dab6523", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 9883, "end": 9896, "quote": "88 S.Ct. 1209", "context": "ued by means that needlessly chill the exercise of basic constitutional rights.” 390 U.S. 570, 582, 88 S.Ct. 1209, 1216, 20 L.Ed.2d 138 (1968). Although, Jackson dealt with the kidnapping statute and the death pen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 1209", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c7dd5bf45557b4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 9904, "end": 9918, "quote": "20 L.Ed.2d 138", "context": "dlessly chill the exercise of basic constitutional rights.” 390 U.S. 570, 582, 88 S.Ct. 1209, 1216, 20 L.Ed.2d 138 (1968). Although, Jackson dealt with the kidnapping statute and the death penalty, its reasoning ha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 2d 138", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9cc15a50b0258d31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 10089, "end": 10101, "quote": "427 U.S. 618", "context": "ath penalty, its reasoning has been applied to lesser offenses. See, e.g., Ludwig v. Massachusetts, 427 U.S. 618, 627 n. 4, 96 S.Ct. 2781, 2786 n. 4, 49 L.Ed.2d 732 (1976) (constitutional challenge of “two tier” ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "427 U.S. 618", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18d5d5ff6224c396", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 10113, "end": 10126, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 2781", "context": "ng has been applied to lesser offenses. See, e.g., Ludwig v. Massachusetts, 427 U.S. 618, 627 n. 4, 96 S.Ct. 2781, 2786 n. 4, 49 L.Ed.2d 732 (1976) (constitutional challenge of “two tier” trial court system for ce", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 2781", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8da9f8786740a882", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 10139, "end": 10153, "quote": "49 L.Ed.2d 732", "context": "ser offenses. See, e.g., Ludwig v. Massachusetts, 427 U.S. 618, 627 n. 4, 96 S.Ct. 2781, 2786 n. 4, 49 L.Ed.2d 732 (1976) (constitutional challenge of “two tier” trial court system for certain crimes, e.g., traffic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 L. Ed. 2d 732", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "539242445572c6ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 10376, "end": 10391, "quote": "390 U.S. at 582", "context": "n that remains is “whether that [chilling] effect is unnecessary and therefore excessive.” Jackson, 390 U.S. at 582, 88 S.Ct. at 1216.\nClearly, the effect is “unnecessary” in that the statute requires the imposition", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "390 U.S. 570", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5171d5fc08af793", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 10393, "end": 10409, "quote": "88 S.Ct. at 1216", "context": " “whether that [chilling] effect is unnecessary and therefore excessive.” Jackson, 390 U.S. at 582, 88 S.Ct. at 1216.\nClearly, the effect is “unnecessary” in that the statute requires the imposition of the assessment", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 1209", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "acda15ab6c6fc2f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 11150, "end": 11165, "quote": "513 F.Supp. 245", "context": "so disparate that most reasonable people would have pleaded guilty, without regard to actual guilt.\n513 F.Supp. 245, 249 (M.D.Tenn.1981) (fifteen dollar forfeiture versus a trial which carried the possibility of $50", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "513 F. Supp. 245", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_513/0245_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83d90e6dcbacd308", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 11923, "end": 11938, "quote": "390 U.S. at 582", "context": "sment needlessly chills the exercise of appellant’s basic constitutional right to a trial. Jackson, 390 U.S. at 582, 88 S.Ct. at 1216; see generally, Ludwig, 427 U.S. at 627 n. 4, 96 S.Ct. at 2786 n. 4 (Court found ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "390 U.S. 570", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f920f72a8d39b7f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 11940, "end": 11956, "quote": "88 S.Ct. at 1216", "context": "chills the exercise of appellant’s basic constitutional right to a trial. Jackson, 390 U.S. at 582, 88 S.Ct. at 1216; see generally, Ludwig, 427 U.S. at 627 n. 4, 96 S.Ct. at 2786 n. 4 (Court found no constitutional ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 1209", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f11206999f9e2056", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 11981, "end": 11993, "quote": "427 U.S. at ", "context": "constitutional right to a trial. Jackson, 390 U.S. at 582, 88 S.Ct. at 1216; see generally, Ludwig, 427 U.S. at 627 n. 4, 96 S.Ct. at 2786 n. 4 (Court found no constitutional infirmity in “two tier” system when “", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "427 U.S. 618", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ffe7b3288eb66d5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 12003, "end": 12015, "quote": "96 S.Ct. at ", "context": "o a trial. Jackson, 390 U.S. at 582, 88 S.Ct. at 1216; see generally, Ludwig, 427 U.S. at 627 n. 4, 96 S.Ct. at 2786 n. 4 (Court found no constitutional infirmity in “two tier” system when “the same range of pena", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 2781", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b06380cb33cbbb32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 12419, "end": 12439, "quote": "36 C.F.R. § 50.31(b)", "context": "d be to refund the $25.00 assessment directly to the appellant.\nAn appropriate Order shall issue.\n. 36 C.F.R. § 50.31(b) (1984), operating a motor vehicle at a speed of 66 m.p.h. in a 50 m.p.h. zone.\n. By his appearance ", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3adffeb6a787025d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 12673, "end": 12692, "quote": "36 C.F.R. § 50.5(a)", "context": "ant subjected himself to a potential fine of $500 or imprisonment not to exceed six months or both. 36 C.F.R. § 50.5(a) (1984).\n. A conviction has been generally defined as: The final consummation of the prosecution inc", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7335b795d1d36be4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 13332, "end": 13344, "quote": "439 U.S. 212", "context": "tantial benefits in return for a guilty plea is constitutionally acceptable. Corbitt v. New Jersey, 439 U.S. 212, 218-19, 99 S.Ct. 492, 497, 58 L.Ed.2d 466 (1978).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "439 U.S. 212", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e53ab27aff1229d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 13354, "end": 13366, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 492", "context": "turn for a guilty plea is constitutionally acceptable. Corbitt v. New Jersey, 439 U.S. 212, 218-19, 99 S.Ct. 492, 497, 58 L.Ed.2d 466 (1978).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 492", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9a867c804af3655", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_606/0379_01/index.html", "start": 13373, "end": 13387, "quote": "58 L.Ed.2d 466", "context": "lea is constitutionally acceptable. Corbitt v. New Jersey, 439 U.S. 212, 218-19, 99 S.Ct. 492, 497, 58 L.Ed.2d 466 (1978).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 L. Ed. 2d 466", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0209b6ec4b096db8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 358, "end": 367, "quote": "§ 412.311", "context": "homas), alleging violations of the antitrust laws, the Minnesota public bidding statute, Minn.Stat. § 412.311, and the Minnesota Cable Communications Act, Minn.Stat. §§ 238.01, et seq. Jurisdiction is alleged ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18d7ac01dec03e00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 424, "end": 433, "quote": "§§ 238.01", "context": "ublic bidding statute, Minn.Stat. § 412.311, and the Minnesota Cable Communications Act, Minn.Stat. §§ 238.01, et seq. Jurisdiction is alleged under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331, 1332. The matter is now before the court ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ecdd0033e9ea539", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 473, "end": 490, "quote": "28 U.S.C. §§ 1331", "context": "the Minnesota Cable Communications Act, Minn.Stat. §§ 238.01, et seq. Jurisdiction is alleged under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331, 1332. The matter is now before the court upon the motions of defendants for summary judgment and f", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. §§ 1331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_85/section_1331/title28_sec1331_c56e38574c6b/1331_federal_question_the_district_courts_shall_have_origina_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c2ff3609a990fcea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 1227, "end": 1235, "quote": "§ 238.01", "context": "ncil voted to set up the system outside the scope of the Minnesota Cable Television Act, Minn.Stat. § 238.01 et seq. (the Act). Bids were received for the construction of the system from Carlson and Thomas, b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a999992a67bc7c15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 1245, "end": 1252, "quote": "the Act", "context": "up the system outside the scope of the Minnesota Cable Television Act, Minn.Stat. § 238.01 et seq. (the Act). Bids were received for the construction of the system from Carlson and Thomas, but both bids were", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3894aad8681f9222", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 2729, "end": 2741, "quote": "706 F.2d 844", "context": "e of material fact remains and that the case may be decided as a matter of law. Buller v. Buechler, 706 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1983); Ralph’s Distributing Co. v. AMF, Inc., 667 F.2d 670 (8th Cir.1981). The nonmov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "706 F.2d 844", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_706/0844_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f9083d18c2e42101", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 2802, "end": 2814, "quote": "667 F.2d 670", "context": "f law. Buller v. Buechler, 706 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1983); Ralph’s Distributing Co. v. AMF, Inc., 667 F.2d 670 (8th Cir.1981). The nonmoving party is entitled to the benefit of all reasonable inferences to be d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "667 F.2d 670", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_667/0670_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fad58b6e31f784b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 3026, "end": 3039, "quote": "612 F.2d 1076", "context": "e underlying facts disclosed in pleadings and affidavits. Vette Co. v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., 612 F.2d 1076 (8th Cir.1980). However, the nonmoving party may not merely rest upon allegations or denials of the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "612 F.2d 1076", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_612/1076_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "14ae8192cabfd4bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 3296, "end": 3308, "quote": "650 F.2d 930", "context": "affidavits or otherwise showing that there is a genuine issue for trial. Burst v. Adolph Coors Co., 650 F.2d 930, 932 (8th Cir.1981).\nAntitrust Claim\nThe City moves for summary judgment on count one on the ground", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "650 F.2d 930", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_650/0930_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "99f0d8f8ed044dc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 3886, "end": 3895, "quote": "§§ 465.70", "context": " in two separate statutes, municipalities to own and operate their own cable system. See Minn.Stat. §§ 465.70, 238.08.\nCarlson argues that its claim should withstand the motion for summary judgment. It argues ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b95f7959d20ef205", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 4697, "end": 4711, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 1713", "context": "s recently been clarified by the Supreme Court. See Town of Hallie v. City of Eau Claire, - U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 1713, 85 L.Ed.2d 24 (1985). Town of Hallie makes it clear that municipalities are exempt from the antitr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 1713", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4acf50f13245c88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 4713, "end": 4726, "quote": "85 L.Ed.2d 24", "context": "clarified by the Supreme Court. See Town of Hallie v. City of Eau Claire, - U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 1713, 85 L.Ed.2d 24 (1985). Town of Hallie makes it clear that municipalities are exempt from the antitrust laws if the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 L. Ed. 2d 24", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "079fcd0b5197d8a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 4967, "end": 4978, "quote": "Id. at 1716", "context": "ized “pursuant to state policy to displace competition with regulation or monopoly public service.” Id. at 1716. Thus, the City’s operation of its own cable system is exempt from antitrust scrutiny if it constit", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e0d5db331fb0c3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 5198, "end": 5201, "quote": "Id.", "context": "n in furtherance or implementation of clearly articulated and affirmatively expressed state policy. Id.; Community Communications Co. v. City of Boulder, 455 U.S. 40, 102 S.Ct. 835, 70 L.Ed.2d 810 (1982)", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e0a94a824fb12e44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 5252, "end": 5263, "quote": "455 U.S. 40", "context": "ted and affirmatively expressed state policy. Id.; Community Communications Co. v. City of Boulder, 455 U.S. 40, 102 S.Ct. 835, 70 L.Ed.2d 810 (1982). Additional requirements are imposed where the anticompetitiv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "455 U.S. 40", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "abed7c7eb6a13fa2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 5265, "end": 5278, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 835", "context": "matively expressed state policy. Id.; Community Communications Co. v. City of Boulder, 455 U.S. 40, 102 S.Ct. 835, 70 L.Ed.2d 810 (1982). Additional requirements are imposed where the anticompetitive conduct is by", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 835", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f291abdecf59e3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 5280, "end": 5294, "quote": "70 L.Ed.2d 810", "context": "sed state policy. Id.; Community Communications Co. v. City of Boulder, 455 U.S. 40, 102 S.Ct. 835, 70 L.Ed.2d 810 (1982). Additional requirements are imposed where the anticompetitive conduct is by private parties", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 L. Ed. 2d 810", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc9112dccc8104c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 5465, "end": 5482, "quote": "105 S.Ct. at 1720", "context": "conduct is by private parties, but a municipality need only satisfy the above test. Town of Hallie, 105 S.Ct. at 1720; Southern Motor Carriers Rate Conference v. United States, — U.S.-, 105 S.Ct. 1721, 1727 & n. 20, 8", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 1713", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09804f201a209c36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 5551, "end": 5565, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 1721", "context": "wn of Hallie, 105 S.Ct. at 1720; Southern Motor Carriers Rate Conference v. United States, — U.S.-, 105 S.Ct. 1721, 1727 & n. 20, 85 L.Ed.2d 36 (1985).\nThe City cites two separate statutory provisions to support it", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 1721", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f54e7ff27615d591", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 5581, "end": 5594, "quote": "85 L.Ed.2d 36", "context": "0; Southern Motor Carriers Rate Conference v. United States, — U.S.-, 105 S.Ct. 1721, 1727 & n. 20, 85 L.Ed.2d 36 (1985).\nThe City cites two separate statutory provisions to support its assertation that its allege", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 L. Ed. 2d 36", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d765d1aeb120c311", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 5760, "end": 5768, "quote": "§ 465.70", "context": "rt its assertation that its allegedly anticompetitive activity constitutes state action. Minn.Stat. § 465.70 provides that any statutory city:\nmay own, construct, acquire, purchase, maintain and operate withi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ae6d84aed3db576", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 6183, "end": 6191, "quote": "§ 238.08", "context": "mages, to the inhabitants of the city. This system shall be considered a public utility.\nMinn.Stat. § 238.08, which is part of the Cable Communications Act, provides as follows:\nNothing in this chapter shall ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "447f9de4b46f0ade", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 6698, "end": 6718, "quote": "105 S.Ct. at 1718-19", "context": "erate its own cable system that it will do so to the exclusion of a private system. Town of Hallie, 105 S.Ct. at 1718-19. The statutory provisions plainly show a “clearly articulated and affirmatively expressed” state po", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6983c7142b560b5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 6895, "end": 6898, "quote": "id.", "context": "ely expressed” state policy to displace competition with regulation or monopoly public service. See id.; Central Iowa Refuse Systems, Inc. v. Des Moines Metropolitan Area Solid Waste Agency, 715 F.2d 419", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75924cfd60151a71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 6986, "end": 6998, "quote": "715 F.2d 419", "context": "ice. See id.; Central Iowa Refuse Systems, Inc. v. Des Moines Metropolitan Area Solid Waste Agency, 715 F.2d 419 (8th Cir.1983), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 1864, 85 L.Ed.2d 158 (1985); Hopkinsville Cable T", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 F.2d 419", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_715/0419_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d22a478ee4378897", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 7039, "end": 7053, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 1864", "context": "s Moines Metropolitan Area Solid Waste Agency, 715 F.2d 419 (8th Cir.1983), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 1864, 85 L.Ed.2d 158 (1985); Hopkinsville Cable T.V., Inc. v. Pennyroyal Cablevision, Inc., 562 F.Supp. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 1864", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "574df0f5e0dc01bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 7055, "end": 7069, "quote": "85 L.Ed.2d 158", "context": "litan Area Solid Waste Agency, 715 F.2d 419 (8th Cir.1983), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 1864, 85 L.Ed.2d 158 (1985); Hopkinsville Cable T.V., Inc. v. Pennyroyal Cablevision, Inc., 562 F.Supp. 543 (W.D.Ky.1982", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 L. Ed. 2d 158", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08c7cc5d293527c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 7141, "end": 7156, "quote": "562 F.Supp. 543", "context": "5 S.Ct. 1864, 85 L.Ed.2d 158 (1985); Hopkinsville Cable T.V., Inc. v. Pennyroyal Cablevision, Inc., 562 F.Supp. 543 (W.D.Ky.1982). Accordingly, the City is exempt from antitrust scrutiny, and its motion for summary ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "562 F. Supp. 543", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_562/0543_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ab36ea17f21be644", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 7430, "end": 7439, "quote": "§ 412.311", "context": " summary judgment on the claims alleged in count two under the public bidding statute, Minn. Stat., § 412.311, and the Minnesota Cable Communications Act, Minn.Stat, § 238.01, et seq.\nCarlson characterizes cou", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7006b1bbb9b34c90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 7496, "end": 7504, "quote": "§ 238.01", "context": "lic bidding statute, Minn. Stat., § 412.311, and the Minnesota Cable Communications Act, Minn.Stat, § 238.01, et seq.\nCarlson characterizes count two as a claim for wrongful award of contract. It asserts that", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "559bf75c17f298b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 8776, "end": 8783, "quote": "the Act", "context": " Cable Communications Act and therefore is entitled to summary judgment on any claim asserted under the Act. Thomas argues that it also is exempt from the Act because it merely installed the system and does ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3149a343cf4ed13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 8827, "end": 8834, "quote": "the Act", "context": " to summary judgment on any claim asserted under the Act. Thomas argues that it also is exempt from the Act because it merely installed the system and does not own or operate it.\nThe general rule for the let", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbe9800b6f4cd759", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 9066, "end": 9080, "quote": "364 N.W.2d 378", "context": " an unsuccessful bidder is not entitled to damages. Telephone Assoc., Inc. v. St. Louis County Bd., 364 N.W.2d 378 (Minn.1985); 10 McQuillin, The Law of Municipal Corporations, § 29.83 (3d ed. 1981). This is becaus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "364 N.W.2d 378", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "316938e669c0a391", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 9143, "end": 9150, "quote": "§ 29.83", "context": " St. Louis County Bd., 364 N.W.2d 378 (Minn.1985); 10 McQuillin, The Law of Municipal Corporations, § 29.83 (3d ed. 1981). This is because the authority for letting public contracts is derived for the public", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "46291e238176c6e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 9318, "end": 9321, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tracts is derived for the public benefit and is not intended as a direct benefit to the contractor. Id.\nNevertheless, Telephone Associates allowed the recovery of some damages because “proper challenges ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "242c17d1ba1d9ec3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 9493, "end": 9510, "quote": "364 N.W.2d at 382", "context": " because “proper challenges to the bid-letting process should be encouraged.” Telephone Associates, 364 N.W.2d at 382. The court held that the unsuccessful bidder should not have to bear the expense of its actions, at", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "364 N.W.2d 378", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ddeaaa2dc8cfa4e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 9662, "end": 9665, "quote": "Id.", "context": " not have to bear the expense of its actions, at least during such time as it proceeded diligently. Id. The court allowed the recovery of the costs incurred in preparing the unsuccessful bid and its expe", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "364 N.W.2d 378", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5dc511fb25ec34c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 10199, "end": 10202, "quote": "Id.", "context": "s because the bidder had proceeded diligently and on a timely basis in challenging the bid process. Id. In contrast, Carlson did not file this action challenging the bid process until almost a year and o", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "364 N.W.2d 378", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c03bb1d28e1cf543", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 11017, "end": 11032, "quote": "494 F.Supp. 662", "context": "and (2) prejudice to the defendant caused by such delay. See Funchie v. Packaging Corp. of America, 494 F.Supp. 662 (D.Minn.1980). For the reasons stated above, the delay in filing this action was unreasonable under", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "494 F. Supp. 662", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_494/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a66412fd1b54922f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 11641, "end": 11648, "quote": "the Act", "context": "mmunications Act. Carlson does not specify in its complaint or memorandum any particular section of the Act that it alleges was violated. The affidavit of Heinz Carlson claims that the actions of defendants ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c5a58f513b8c293", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 11767, "end": 11775, "quote": "§ 238.15", "context": "s violated. The affidavit of Heinz Carlson claims that the actions of defendants violate Minn.Stat. § 238.15 which prohibits any financial interest in a bidding party not only by board members, but also their", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e8ac843b72035ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 11949, "end": 11956, "quote": "the Act", "context": "rd members, but also their employees.\nThe court must first address the thresh-hold issue of whether the Act is even applicable to the defendants. The Act applies only to “Cable communications systems” and “C", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32d2582212693c33", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 12122, "end": 12132, "quote": "§ 238.-03.", "context": "ble communications systems” and “Cable communications companies” operating in Minnesota. Minn.Stat. § 238.-03. A city can remove itself from the provisions of the Act if it has greater than 50, but fewer than 1", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ac2bf55fbc8454a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 12181, "end": 12188, "quote": "the Act", "context": "nies” operating in Minnesota. Minn.Stat. § 238.-03. A city can remove itself from the provisions of the Act if it has greater than 50, but fewer than 1,000 subscribers, and its governing body votes by resolu", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc083fdbb1faef1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 12398, "end": 12405, "quote": "the Act", "context": " so. The City properly voted by resolution in July of 1982, to remove itself from the provisions of the Act, thus it is exempt from the Act’s coverage. Similarly since Thomas merely installed the system and ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6526e3a9ddb050cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 12430, "end": 12437, "quote": "the Act", "context": "resolution in July of 1982, to remove itself from the provisions of the Act, thus it is exempt from the Act’s coverage. Similarly since Thomas merely installed the system and does not own, control, operate, ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1dfc3bc827f2521d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 12610, "end": 12617, "quote": "the Act", "context": "not own, control, operate, manage, or lease the system, it also does not fall under the coverage of the Act.\nORDER\nAccordingly, based on the above and all the files, records, and proceedings herein,\nIT IS HE", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42a67e501577e0a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 13204, "end": 13211, "quote": "the Act", "context": " fees is denied.\nLET JUDGMENT BE ENTERED ACCORDINGLY.\n. A written resolution of its withdrawal from the Act was passed in November, 1982.\n. Construction began on the project in November of 1982 and was compl", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "953e56be42d0f850", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 13385, "end": 13393, "quote": "§ 238.02", "context": "mber of 1982 and was completed in April of 1983. This action was filed March 26, 1984.\n. Minn.Stat. § 238.02, subd. 3 provides that the definition of “Cable communications system\" does not include:\n(a) a syst", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "250a367540497c00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 14242, "end": 14249, "quote": "the Act", "context": " the definition of a cable communication system it should nevertheless fall under the provisions of the Act as a cable communication company. A cable communication company is “any person owning, controlling,", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d02a7456c49216ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 14441, "end": 14449, "quote": "§ 238.02", "context": "rolling, operating, managing or leasing a cable communications system within the state.” Minn.Stat. § 238.02, subd. 2. By its resolution the City has removed itself from the provisions of the Act. Minn.Stat. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf2db3e8a4ef3343", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 14529, "end": 14536, "quote": "the Act", "context": " Minn.Stat. § 238.02, subd. 2. By its resolution the City has removed itself from the provisions of the Act. Minn.Stat. § 238.02, subd. 3(a). It is not within the definition of a cable communication company ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "314771351525fa22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_612/0669_01/index.html", "start": 14549, "end": 14557, "quote": "§ 238.02", "context": ", subd. 2. By its resolution the City has removed itself from the provisions of the Act. Minn.Stat. § 238.02, subd. 3(a). It is not within the definition of a cable communication company because it is not eng", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da9cb8341c739001", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_624/0747_01/index.html", "start": 791, "end": 806, "quote": "473 F.Supp. 409", "context": "ht have materially influenced the earlier decision. New York Guardian Mortgagee Corp. v. Cleveland, 473 F.Supp. 409, 420 (S.D.N.Y.1979). In its memorandum in support of the motion for reargument, Caleb cites no cont", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "473 F. Supp. 409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_473/0409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67dda897e72bdc8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_624/0747_01/index.html", "start": 1740, "end": 1754, "quote": "615 F.Supp. 96", "context": "original motion have been reconsidered and upon such reconsideration the conclusion in the July 26, 615 F.Supp. 96, opinion which dismissed a portion of Count Two of Caleb’s complaint is withdrawn and the motion to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "615 F. Supp. 96", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_615/0096_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b6753b0af7a01355", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_624/0747_01/index.html", "start": 7890, "end": 7895, "quote": "§ 558", "context": "his words or acts, can be used against him on behalf of the other party____” 3 Cor-bin on Contracts § 558, at 256 (1960). See also Ocean Transport Line, Inc. v. American Philippine Fiber Industries, Inc., ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f6009140c041c34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_624/0747_01/index.html", "start": 7995, "end": 8006, "quote": "743 F.2d 85", "context": ", at 256 (1960). See also Ocean Transport Line, Inc. v. American Philippine Fiber Industries, Inc., 743 F.2d 85, 88, 90-91 (2d Cir.1984); Viacom International, Inc. v. Lorimar Productions, Inc., 486 F.Supp. 95, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "743 F.2d 85", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_743/0085_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9bbc44bd78e24775", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_624/0747_01/index.html", "start": 8090, "end": 8104, "quote": "486 F.Supp. 95", "context": "nc., 743 F.2d 85, 88, 90-91 (2d Cir.1984); Viacom International, Inc. v. Lorimar Productions, Inc., 486 F.Supp. 95, 98 n. 3 (S.D.N. Y.1980).\nAt 9:12 a.m. on August 5, DuPont issued a press release which included th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "486 F. Supp. 95", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_486/0095_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ab4ba60c093d2d41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_624/0747_01/index.html", "start": 10240, "end": 10253, "quote": "37 N.Y.2d 245", "context": " a contract is to be construed against the draftsman. 67 Wall Street Co. v. Franklin National Bank, 37 N.Y.2d 245, 371 N.Y.S.2d 915, 918, 333 N.E.2d 184, 186-87 (N.Y.1975). This principle, together with the eviden", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "37 N.Y.2d 245", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_37/0245_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8840734ff812793a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_624/0747_01/index.html", "start": 10255, "end": 10271, "quote": "371 N.Y.S.2d 915", "context": "to be construed against the draftsman. 67 Wall Street Co. v. Franklin National Bank, 37 N.Y.2d 245, 371 N.Y.S.2d 915, 918, 333 N.E.2d 184, 186-87 (N.Y.1975). This principle, together with the evidence considered abov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "371 N.Y.S.2d 915", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e2761554a80fd0ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_624/0747_01/index.html", "start": 10278, "end": 10292, "quote": "333 N.E.2d 184", "context": " the draftsman. 67 Wall Street Co. v. Franklin National Bank, 37 N.Y.2d 245, 371 N.Y.S.2d 915, 918, 333 N.E.2d 184, 186-87 (N.Y.1975). This principle, together with the evidence considered above, compel the conclus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "333 N.E.2d 184", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e44555c583feb4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 1069, "end": 1076, "quote": "§ 8-302", "context": "fide purchaser of the securities under the Illinois Commercial Code (“Code”), Ill.Ann.Stat. ch. 26, § 8-302 (1974), because, if it does, it acquired the security free of any adverse claim. 111. Ann.Stat. ch.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "591a9e4db22e8d05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 1181, "end": 1191, "quote": "§ 8-301(2)", "context": "4), because, if it does, it acquired the security free of any adverse claim. 111. Ann.Stat. ch. 26, § 8-301(2) (1974). Because of the importance and disputed nature of facts central to determining bona fide pur", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "feb622d3218974fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 6549, "end": 6556, "quote": "§ 8-302", "context": " “purchaser for value in good faith and without notice of any adverse claim.” Ill.Ann.Stat. ch. 26, § 8-302 (1974); see Oscar Gruss & Son v. First State Bank of Eldorado, 582 F.2d 424, 433 (7th Cir.1978). A ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "114fe256c94c5dd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 6620, "end": 6632, "quote": "582 F.2d 424", "context": "laim.” Ill.Ann.Stat. ch. 26, § 8-302 (1974); see Oscar Gruss & Son v. First State Bank of Eldorado, 582 F.2d 424, 433 (7th Cir.1978). A person gives “value” for rights if he acquires them in return for a binding ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "582 F.2d 424", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_582/0424_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae9051d3cade159c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 6783, "end": 6784, "quote": "§", "context": "ghts if he acquires them in return for a binding commitment to extend credit, Ill.Ann.Stat. ch. 26, § l-201(44)(a) (1974), and defendants do not dispute that value was given. The Code defines “good fai", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df20dcbd174515b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 6972, "end": 6983, "quote": "§ 1-201(19)", "context": "es “good faith” as “honesty in fact in the conduct or transaction concerned.” Ill.Ann.Stat. ch. 26, § 1-201(19) (1974). The test of good faith focuses only on “the subjective intent with which the purchaser acte", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "631f32e80f10ae8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 7094, "end": 7109, "quote": "582 F.2d at 432", "context": "e test of good faith focuses only on “the subjective intent with which the purchaser acted.” Gruss, 582 F.2d at 432. A person has “notice” of a fact under the Code when\n(a) he has actual knowledge of it; or\n(b) he h", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "582 F.2d 424", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_582/0424_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7d0cf21ae8762dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 7591, "end": 7602, "quote": "§ 1-201(25)", "context": "hrase of similar import refers to knowledge rather than to reason to know____\nIll.Ann.Stat. ch. 26, § 1-201(25) (Supp. 1985).\nIn Gruss, the Seventh Circuit rejected the argument that the “test of notice is essen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63940478aa12f723", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 7957, "end": 7967, "quote": "Id. at 431", "context": " or constructive notice will prevent one from obtaining the favored status of bona fide purchaser.” Id. at 431 (emphasis added); see also Miriani v. Rodman and Renshaw, Inc., 358 F.Supp. 1011, 1013 (N.D.Ill.197", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e2dbb65de7e2f9c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8032, "end": 8048, "quote": "358 F.Supp. 1011", "context": "of bona fide purchaser.” Id. at 431 (emphasis added); see also Miriani v. Rodman and Renshaw, Inc., 358 F.Supp. 1011, 1013 (N.D.Ill.1973); Erlich v. Nyberg, 78 Ill.App.3d 500, 33 Ill.Dec. 549, 396 N.E.2d 1273 (1st Di", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "358 F. Supp. 1011", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_358/1011_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe06f2069033f96a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8089, "end": 8106, "quote": "78 Ill.App.3d 500", "context": " also Miriani v. Rodman and Renshaw, Inc., 358 F.Supp. 1011, 1013 (N.D.Ill.1973); Erlich v. Nyberg, 78 Ill.App.3d 500, 33 Ill.Dec. 549, 396 N.E.2d 1273 (1st Dist.1979); cf. Hatton v. Money Lenders & Associates, Ltd., ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 Ill. App. 3d 500", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_78/0500_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cef39696410af2bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8108, "end": 8123, "quote": "33 Ill.Dec. 549", "context": "dman and Renshaw, Inc., 358 F.Supp. 1011, 1013 (N.D.Ill.1973); Erlich v. Nyberg, 78 Ill.App.3d 500, 33 Ill.Dec. 549, 396 N.E.2d 1273 (1st Dist.1979); cf. Hatton v. Money Lenders & Associates, Ltd., 127 Ill.App.3d 57", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "33 Ill. Dec. 549", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cbdae64a2cbcf18b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8125, "end": 8140, "quote": "396 N.E.2d 1273", "context": " Inc., 358 F.Supp. 1011, 1013 (N.D.Ill.1973); Erlich v. Nyberg, 78 Ill.App.3d 500, 33 Ill.Dec. 549, 396 N.E.2d 1273 (1st Dist.1979); cf. Hatton v. Money Lenders & Associates, Ltd., 127 Ill.App.3d 577, 82 Ill.Dec. 82", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "396 N.E.2d 1273", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6de161c0d0f58192", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8206, "end": 8224, "quote": "127 Ill.App.3d 577", "context": ", 33 Ill.Dec. 549, 396 N.E.2d 1273 (1st Dist.1979); cf. Hatton v. Money Lenders & Associates, Ltd., 127 Ill.App.3d 577, 82 Ill.Dec. 826, 469 N.E.2d 360 (1st Dist.1984) (holders in due course); Christinson v. Venturi Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 Ill. App. 3d 577", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_127/0577_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6aef404399052ab9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8226, "end": 8241, "quote": "82 Ill.Dec. 826", "context": "96 N.E.2d 1273 (1st Dist.1979); cf. Hatton v. Money Lenders & Associates, Ltd., 127 Ill.App.3d 577, 82 Ill.Dec. 826, 469 N.E.2d 360 (1st Dist.1984) (holders in due course); Christinson v. Venturi Construction Co., 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 Ill. Dec. 826", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e503691c3701b80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8243, "end": 8257, "quote": "469 N.E.2d 360", "context": "st Dist.1979); cf. Hatton v. Money Lenders & Associates, Ltd., 127 Ill.App.3d 577, 82 Ill.Dec. 826, 469 N.E.2d 360 (1st Dist.1984) (holders in due course); Christinson v. Venturi Construction Co., 109 Ill.App.3d 34", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "469 N.E.2d 360", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86f0c3520852ece3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8340, "end": 8357, "quote": "109 Ill.App.3d 34", "context": "6, 469 N.E.2d 360 (1st Dist.1984) (holders in due course); Christinson v. Venturi Construction Co., 109 Ill.App.3d 34, 64 Ill.Dec. 674, 440 N.E.2d 226 (5th Dist.1982) (holder in due course). Thus, good faith under the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 Ill. App. 3d 34", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_109/0034_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0ef5198f46e0f649", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8359, "end": 8374, "quote": "64 Ill.Dec. 674", "context": "1st Dist.1984) (holders in due course); Christinson v. Venturi Construction Co., 109 Ill.App.3d 34, 64 Ill.Dec. 674, 440 N.E.2d 226 (5th Dist.1982) (holder in due course). Thus, good faith under the Code is based on", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 Ill. Dec. 674", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2073d6ae84be3c43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8376, "end": 8390, "quote": "440 N.E.2d 226", "context": "olders in due course); Christinson v. Venturi Construction Co., 109 Ill.App.3d 34, 64 Ill.Dec. 674, 440 N.E.2d 226 (5th Dist.1982) (holder in due course). Thus, good faith under the Code is based on a subjective vi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "440 N.E.2d 226", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ba0594b2e72d6f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8771, "end": 8788, "quote": "90 Ill.App.3d 507", "context": "good faith are both standards determined by the facts of each case. Schranz v. I.L. Grossman, Inc., 90 Ill.App.3d 507, 517, 45 Ill.Dec. 654, 663, 412 N.E.2d 1378, 1387 (1st Dist.1980); Walter E. Heller & Co. v. Conval", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 Ill. App. 3d 507", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_90/0507_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d72299abd598005", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8795, "end": 8810, "quote": "45 Ill.Dec. 654", "context": "dards determined by the facts of each case. Schranz v. I.L. Grossman, Inc., 90 Ill.App.3d 507, 517, 45 Ill.Dec. 654, 663, 412 N.E.2d 1378, 1387 (1st Dist.1980); Walter E. Heller & Co. v. Convalescent Home of the Fir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 Ill. Dec. 654", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09d1f1b58f3e1144", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8817, "end": 8832, "quote": "412 N.E.2d 1378", "context": "e facts of each case. Schranz v. I.L. Grossman, Inc., 90 Ill.App.3d 507, 517, 45 Ill.Dec. 654, 663, 412 N.E.2d 1378, 1387 (1st Dist.1980); Walter E. Heller & Co. v. Convalescent Home of the First Church of Deliveran", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "412 N.E.2d 1378", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d1059c47dac7868", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8936, "end": 8953, "quote": "49 Ill.App.3d 213", "context": "87 (1st Dist.1980); Walter E. Heller & Co. v. Convalescent Home of the First Church of Deliverance, 49 Ill.App.3d 213, 221-222, 8 Ill.Dec. 823, 829, 365 N.E.2d 1285, 1291 (1st Dist.1977) (good faith is to be determine", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 Ill. App. 3d 213", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_49/0213_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7ef8f34b2c824c6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8964, "end": 8978, "quote": "8 Ill.Dec. 823", "context": ". Heller & Co. v. Convalescent Home of the First Church of Deliverance, 49 Ill.App.3d 213, 221-222, 8 Ill.Dec. 823, 829, 365 N.E.2d 1285, 1291 (1st Dist.1977) (good faith is to be determined by the facts of each ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 Ill. Dec. 823", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f593c21f10e7ffe0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 8985, "end": 9000, "quote": "365 N.E.2d 1285", "context": "valescent Home of the First Church of Deliverance, 49 Ill.App.3d 213, 221-222, 8 Ill.Dec. 823, 829, 365 N.E.2d 1285, 1291 (1st Dist.1977) (good faith is to be determined by the facts of each case.)\nDefendants do not", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "365 N.E.2d 1285", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "666ed753292b6f32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 10004, "end": 10015, "quote": "§ 78q(f)(l)", "context": "s duty to inquire is defined by Rule 17f-l of the SEC Lost and Stolen Securities Program. 15 U.S.C. § 78q(f)(l)-(5), amended by Pub.L. No. 94-29 (June 4, 1975). Congress established this program to address the p", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_78q/title15_sec78q_e77ddcbe562b/78q_records_and_reports_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "708fd8319e180eda", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 10032, "end": 10049, "quote": "Pub.L. No. 94-29 ", "context": " by Rule 17f-l of the SEC Lost and Stolen Securities Program. 15 U.S.C. § 78q(f)(l)-(5), amended by Pub.L. No. 94-29 (June 4, 1975). Congress established this program to address the problems created by missing, lost, ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Pub. L. No. 94-29 ", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2dd1d0685c63c842", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 10614, "end": 10641, "quote": "17 C.F.R. § 240.17f-l(d)(l)", "context": "e, to ascertain whether such security has been reported as missing, lost, counterfeit or stolen____\n17 C.F.R. § 240.17f-l(d)(l) (1984). The Commission’s designee is the Securities Information Center (SIC), a computer-based info", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4d91483ab78e776", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 13099, "end": 13111, "quote": "467 U.S. 461", "context": "(Citations omitted.) Michigan Canners & Freezers Assoc. v. Agricultural Marketing & Bargaining Bd., 467 U.S. 461, 104 S.Ct. 2518, 2523, 81 L.Ed.2d 399 (1984). No indication of Congressional intent to determine or", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "467 U.S. 461", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f6879fdbdcebf81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 13113, "end": 13127, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2518", "context": "tted.) Michigan Canners & Freezers Assoc. v. Agricultural Marketing & Bargaining Bd., 467 U.S. 461, 104 S.Ct. 2518, 2523, 81 L.Ed.2d 399 (1984). No indication of Congressional intent to determine or regulate bona f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2518", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84cd6953c4e8fd31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 13135, "end": 13149, "quote": "81 L.Ed.2d 399", "context": "s & Freezers Assoc. v. Agricultural Marketing & Bargaining Bd., 467 U.S. 461, 104 S.Ct. 2518, 2523, 81 L.Ed.2d 399 (1984). No indication of Congressional intent to determine or regulate bona fide purchaser status c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 L. Ed. 2d 399", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0526fa925612dfaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 13436, "end": 13448, "quote": "451 U.S. 725", "context": "eled by the “assumption that Congress did not intend to displace state law.” Maryland v. Louisiana, 451 U.S. 725, 746, 101 S.Ct. 2114, 2128-29, 68 L.Ed.2d 576 (1981).\nFortunately, the court here does not have to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "451 U.S. 725", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba9470ca1db6b6a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 13455, "end": 13469, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 2114", "context": "tion that Congress did not intend to displace state law.” Maryland v. Louisiana, 451 U.S. 725, 746, 101 S.Ct. 2114, 2128-29, 68 L.Ed.2d 576 (1981).\nFortunately, the court here does not have to rule on the preemptio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 2114", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb930ff5b4066062", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 13480, "end": 13494, "quote": "68 L.Ed.2d 576", "context": "t intend to displace state law.” Maryland v. Louisiana, 451 U.S. 725, 746, 101 S.Ct. 2114, 2128-29, 68 L.Ed.2d 576 (1981).\nFortunately, the court here does not have to rule on the preemption issue because the state", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 L. Ed. 2d 576", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b911f87195185663", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 13652, "end": 13664, "quote": "336 U.S. 725", "context": " on the preemption issue because the state and federal law are not in conflict. California v. Zook, 336 U.S. 725, 69 S.Ct. 841, 93 L.Ed. 1005 (1949). Because the notice concept is objectively defined under the Il", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "336 U.S. 725", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1619971b777ff848", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 13666, "end": 13678, "quote": "69 S.Ct. 841", "context": "tion issue because the state and federal law are not in conflict. California v. Zook, 336 U.S. 725, 69 S.Ct. 841, 93 L.Ed. 1005 (1949). Because the notice concept is objectively defined under the Illinois Code an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 S. Ct. 841", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9c206c98108a58e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 13680, "end": 13693, "quote": "93 L.Ed. 1005", "context": "ause the state and federal law are not in conflict. California v. Zook, 336 U.S. 725, 69 S.Ct. 841, 93 L.Ed. 1005 (1949). Because the notice concept is objectively defined under the Illinois Code and its case law,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 1005", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f8ac9b4cab68371", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 13969, "end": 13976, "quote": "§ 8-304", "context": "ing inquiry and other protective measures operative for dealing with investment securities. See UCC § 8-304, Comment 1, incorporated in the Illinois Code at Ill.Ann.Stat. ch. 26, § 8-304 (1974). The court in", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ab3fc7e18223047", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 14048, "end": 14055, "quote": "§ 8-304", "context": " securities. See UCC § 8-304, Comment 1, incorporated in the Illinois Code at Ill.Ann.Stat. ch. 26, § 8-304 (1974). The court in Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. of New York v. Third National Bank of Hampden Co., 4", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2fb38113296c7b50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 14154, "end": 14169, "quote": "400 F.Supp. 383", "context": "4 (1974). The court in Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. of New York v. Third National Bank of Hampden Co., 400 F.Supp. 383, 390 (D.Mass.1975), indicated as much when it held that due diligence in investigating the validity", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "400 F. Supp. 383", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_400/0383_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9cc96e728f89598e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 14380, "end": 14388, "quote": "§ 8-302.", "context": "ies was required for bona fide purchaser status under Massachusett’s equivalent of Illinois Code is § 8-302. See also Insurance Co. of North America v. United States, 561 F.Supp. 106, 116 (E.D.Pa.1983) (notic", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f149aee36698d6e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 14447, "end": 14462, "quote": "561 F.Supp. 106", "context": "s equivalent of Illinois Code is § 8-302. See also Insurance Co. of North America v. United States, 561 F.Supp. 106, 116 (E.D.Pa.1983) (notice requirement for bona fide purchaser status depends on acting in accord w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "561 F. Supp. 106", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_561/0106_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fc4ca047cb474767", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 16754, "end": 16766, "quote": "262 U.S. 215", "context": "he agent acquired by the agent in the course of the principal’s business.” Curtis v. United States, 262 U.S. 215, 222, 43 S.Ct. 570, 572, 67 L.Ed. 956 (1923); In Re Matter of Pubs, Inc. of Champaign v. Bank of Il", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "262 U.S. 215", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d7bfc33e1634e11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 16773, "end": 16785, "quote": "43 S.Ct. 570", "context": "y the agent in the course of the principal’s business.” Curtis v. United States, 262 U.S. 215, 222, 43 S.Ct. 570, 572, 67 L.Ed. 956 (1923); In Re Matter of Pubs, Inc. of Champaign v. Bank of Illinois in Champaign", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 S. Ct. 570", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33c02840bc20ff17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 16792, "end": 16804, "quote": "67 L.Ed. 956", "context": "course of the principal’s business.” Curtis v. United States, 262 U.S. 215, 222, 43 S.Ct. 570, 572, 67 L.Ed. 956 (1923); In Re Matter of Pubs, Inc. of Champaign v. Bank of Illinois in Champaign, 618 F.2d 432 (7th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 L. Ed. 956", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc890e694aec57f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 16887, "end": 16899, "quote": "618 F.2d 432", "context": "572, 67 L.Ed. 956 (1923); In Re Matter of Pubs, Inc. of Champaign v. Bank of Illinois in Champaign, 618 F.2d 432 (7th Cir.1980); United States v. Fox Lake State Bank, 240 F.Supp. 720 (N.D.Ill.1965), affirmed in p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "618 F.2d 432", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_618/0432_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bf32860db3bd0247", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 16954, "end": 16969, "quote": "240 F.Supp. 720", "context": ". Bank of Illinois in Champaign, 618 F.2d 432 (7th Cir.1980); United States v. Fox Lake State Bank, 240 F.Supp. 720 (N.D.Ill.1965), affirmed in part, reversed in part, 366 F.2d 962 (7th Cir.1966). The rule is based ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "240 F. Supp. 720", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_240/0720_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f8eb5245b963bebf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 17022, "end": 17034, "quote": "366 F.2d 962", "context": " States v. Fox Lake State Bank, 240 F.Supp. 720 (N.D.Ill.1965), affirmed in part, reversed in part, 366 F.2d 962 (7th Cir.1966). The rule is based on the presumptions that (1) the agent has a duty to impart his k", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "366 F.2d 962", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_366/0962_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ab32f723bcac174", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 17282, "end": 17298, "quote": "7 Ill.App.3d 829", "context": " performed that duty. Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago v. Pontarelli & Sons, Inc., 7 Ill.App.3d 829, 840, 288 N.E.2d 905, 912 (1st Dist.1972); see also 3 W. Fletcher, Corporations, § 790 at 12 (1975)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 Ill. App. 3d 829", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_7/0829_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06de78132ff6e52f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 17305, "end": 17319, "quote": "288 N.E.2d 905", "context": "etropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago v. Pontarelli & Sons, Inc., 7 Ill.App.3d 829, 840, 288 N.E.2d 905, 912 (1st Dist.1972); see also 3 W. Fletcher, Corporations, § 790 at 12 (1975).\nFrom this fairly st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "288 N.E.2d 905", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da02b92de9699e41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 17380, "end": 17385, "quote": "§ 790", "context": ", 7 Ill.App.3d 829, 840, 288 N.E.2d 905, 912 (1st Dist.1972); see also 3 W. Fletcher, Corporations, § 790 at 12 (1975).\nFrom this fairly straightforward beginning the rule takes two turns that make it diff", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e07f4bd2234da06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 17745, "end": 17750, "quote": "§ 819", "context": "e presumed to communicate his knowledge to the principal in this case. 3 W. Fletcher, Corporations, § 819 at 90-91 (1975); Restatement of Agency 2d, § 282 at 611 (1958); 19 Am.Jur.2d, § 1266 at 672 (1965);", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a95a27792fb06e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 17794, "end": 17799, "quote": "§ 282", "context": "incipal in this case. 3 W. Fletcher, Corporations, § 819 at 90-91 (1975); Restatement of Agency 2d, § 282 at 611 (1958); 19 Am.Jur.2d, § 1266 at 672 (1965); Maryland Casualty Co. of Baltimore v. Queenan, 8", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "661b74d538639cfc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 17829, "end": 17835, "quote": "§ 1266", "context": ", Corporations, § 819 at 90-91 (1975); Restatement of Agency 2d, § 282 at 611 (1958); 19 Am.Jur.2d, § 1266 at 672 (1965); Maryland Casualty Co. of Baltimore v. Queenan, 89 F.2d 155, 157 (10th Cir.1937); Mon", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7f8d34aa808e889", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 17898, "end": 17909, "quote": "89 F.2d 155", "context": "2 at 611 (1958); 19 Am.Jur.2d, § 1266 at 672 (1965); Maryland Casualty Co. of Baltimore v. Queenan, 89 F.2d 155, 157 (10th Cir.1937); Monroe v. Harriman, 85 F.2d 493, 495 (2d Cir.1936); Thomson-Houston Electric ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 F.2d 155", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_89/0155_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5906932b8fb2c821", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 17952, "end": 17963, "quote": "85 F.2d 493", "context": "aryland Casualty Co. of Baltimore v. Queenan, 89 F.2d 155, 157 (10th Cir.1937); Monroe v. Harriman, 85 F.2d 493, 495 (2d Cir.1936); Thomson-Houston Electric Co. v. Capitol Electric Co., 65 F. 341, 343 (6th Cir.1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 F.2d 493", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_85/0493_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "82a03487e8a5572e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 18038, "end": 18047, "quote": "65 F. 341", "context": " v. Harriman, 85 F.2d 493, 495 (2d Cir.1936); Thomson-Houston Electric Co. v. Capitol Electric Co., 65 F. 341, 343 (6th Cir.1894); Slade v. Shearson Hammill & Co., Inc., 79 F.R.D. 309, 313 (S.D.N.Y.1978); Metr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 F. 341", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f824c518af16516", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 18108, "end": 18121, "quote": "79 F.R.D. 309", "context": " Co. v. Capitol Electric Co., 65 F. 341, 343 (6th Cir.1894); Slade v. Shearson Hammill & Co., Inc., 79 F.R.D. 309, 313 (S.D.N.Y.1978); Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago v. Pontarelli & Sons, Inc., ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 F.R.D. 309", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b438ba3d508c5f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 18221, "end": 18226, "quote": "supra", "context": ", 313 (S.D.N.Y.1978); Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago v. Pontarelli & Sons, Inc., supra, 288 N.E.2d at 912; Neagle v. McMullen, 334 Ill. 168, 181, 165 N.E. 605 (1929); In Re Estate of Wed", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cbf4bb3861e5cc7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 18228, "end": 18245, "quote": "288 N.E.2d at 912", "context": "S.D.N.Y.1978); Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago v. Pontarelli & Sons, Inc., supra, 288 N.E.2d at 912; Neagle v. McMullen, 334 Ill. 168, 181, 165 N.E. 605 (1929); In Re Estate of Wedelius, 266 Ill.App.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "288 N.E.2d 905", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a17567ef78489a01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 18267, "end": 18279, "quote": "334 Ill. 168", "context": "strict of Greater Chicago v. Pontarelli & Sons, Inc., supra, 288 N.E.2d at 912; Neagle v. McMullen, 334 Ill. 168, 181, 165 N.E. 605 (1929); In Re Estate of Wedelius, 266 Ill.App. 69 (1st Dist.1932). The cases see", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "334 Ill. 168", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_334/0168_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e3a5d22db7d99214", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 18286, "end": 18298, "quote": "165 N.E. 605", "context": "hicago v. Pontarelli & Sons, Inc., supra, 288 N.E.2d at 912; Neagle v. McMullen, 334 Ill. 168, 181, 165 N.E. 605 (1929); In Re Estate of Wedelius, 266 Ill.App. 69 (1st Dist.1932). The cases seem to use a subjecti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 N.E. 605", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6c2ab246510a203e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 18333, "end": 18348, "quote": "266 Ill.App. 69", "context": ".E.2d at 912; Neagle v. McMullen, 334 Ill. 168, 181, 165 N.E. 605 (1929); In Re Estate of Wedelius, 266 Ill.App. 69 (1st Dist.1932). The cases seem to use a subjective standard to find adversity, i.e., they look at ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "266 Ill. App. 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app/volume_266/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "529ab76a6ca2fe62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 18601, "end": 18618, "quote": "63 Ill.App.3d 142", "context": " in his own interests and against the interests of his principal. McKey & Poague, Inc. v. Stackler, 63 Ill.App.3d 142, 20 Ill.Dec. 130, 379 N.E.2d 1199 (1st Dist.1978). If Giova fits this exception, then the Bank took", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 Ill. App. 3d 142", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_63/0142_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b6043da12bfba05d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 18620, "end": 18635, "quote": "20 Ill.Dec. 130", "context": "ts and against the interests of his principal. McKey & Poague, Inc. v. Stackler, 63 Ill.App.3d 142, 20 Ill.Dec. 130, 379 N.E.2d 1199 (1st Dist.1978). If Giova fits this exception, then the Bank took without notice a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 Ill. Dec. 130", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08c998f27f036b2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 18637, "end": 18652, "quote": "379 N.E.2d 1199", "context": "e interests of his principal. McKey & Poague, Inc. v. Stackler, 63 Ill.App.3d 142, 20 Ill.Dec. 130, 379 N.E.2d 1199 (1st Dist.1978). If Giova fits this exception, then the Bank took without notice and is a bona fide", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "379 N.E.2d 1199", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "062753e0f0fc7fa6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 19088, "end": 19093, "quote": "§ 827", "context": "ledge if the principal seeks to retain the benefit of the transaction. 3 W. Fletcher, Corporations, § 827 at 122-123 (1975); 19 Am.Jur.2d, § 1267 at 673 (1965).\nIn such a case the principal is impaled on t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0b2139ed4bb3c29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 19127, "end": 19133, "quote": "§ 1267", "context": "the benefit of the transaction. 3 W. Fletcher, Corporations, § 827 at 122-123 (1975); 19 Am.Jur.2d, § 1267 at 673 (1965).\nIn such a case the principal is impaled on the horns of a dilemma. If he disclaims t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60d00be642a330f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 19746, "end": 19757, "quote": "89 F.2d 155", "context": "f the facts, it must accept his agency with its attendant notice.\nMaryland Casualty Co. v. Queenan, 89 F.2d 155, 157 (10th Cir.1937); O’Connor v. Central National Bank & Trust Co. of Peoria, 306 Ill.App. 414, 28", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 F.2d 155", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_89/0155_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b5a25bc05a60b88b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 19837, "end": 19853, "quote": "306 Ill.App. 414", "context": "Queenan, 89 F.2d 155, 157 (10th Cir.1937); O’Connor v. Central National Bank & Trust Co. of Peoria, 306 Ill.App. 414, 28 N.E.2d 755 (2d Dist.1940). In other words, when the principal has no avenue through which to cl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "306 Ill. App. 414", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app/volume_306/0414_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "308bc1840220a862", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 19855, "end": 19868, "quote": "28 N.E.2d 755", "context": "55, 157 (10th Cir.1937); O’Connor v. Central National Bank & Trust Co. of Peoria, 306 Ill.App. 414, 28 N.E.2d 755 (2d Dist.1940). In other words, when the principal has no avenue through which to claim ownership o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 N.E.2d 755", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40b228dcfb87a7f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 20120, "end": 20131, "quote": "87 F.2d 968", "context": " will be charged with its agent’s knowledge. Connecticut Fire Ins. Co. v. Commercial National Bank, 87 F.2d 968, 969-70 (5th Cir.1937); Munroe v. Harriman, 85 F.2d 493, 495 (2d Cir.1936); Bosworth v. Maryland Ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 F.2d 968", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_87/0968_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c37cac71e4f481a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 20176, "end": 20187, "quote": "85 F.2d 493", "context": " Fire Ins. Co. v. Commercial National Bank, 87 F.2d 968, 969-70 (5th Cir.1937); Munroe v. Harriman, 85 F.2d 493, 495 (2d Cir.1936); Bosworth v. Maryland Casualty, 74 F.2d 519, 521 (7th Cir.1935). Courts have fou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 F.2d 493", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_85/0493_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6814a87638ffaccc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 20239, "end": 20250, "quote": "74 F.2d 519", "context": " (5th Cir.1937); Munroe v. Harriman, 85 F.2d 493, 495 (2d Cir.1936); Bosworth v. Maryland Casualty, 74 F.2d 519, 521 (7th Cir.1935). Courts have found an agent to be the “sole actor” for his principal when “the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 F.2d 519", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_74/0519_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c53f4cbca74a5e12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 20484, "end": 20496, "quote": "262 U.S. 215", "context": "by [the principal] to the initiation and execution of [the agent]____” Curtis Co. v. United States, 262 U.S. 215, 222, 43 S.Ct. 570, 572, 67 L.Ed. 956 (1923); when the agent was “in complete control of [the princ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "262 U.S. 215", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ea5bf6c9d932a31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 20503, "end": 20515, "quote": "43 S.Ct. 570", "context": "to the initiation and execution of [the agent]____” Curtis Co. v. United States, 262 U.S. 215, 222, 43 S.Ct. 570, 572, 67 L.Ed. 956 (1923); when the agent was “in complete control of [the principal’s] affairs,” M", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 S. Ct. 570", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7110a1b42a1d9c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 20522, "end": 20534, "quote": "67 L.Ed. 956", "context": "nd execution of [the agent]____” Curtis Co. v. United States, 262 U.S. 215, 222, 43 S.Ct. 570, 572, 67 L.Ed. 956 (1923); when the agent was “in complete control of [the principal’s] affairs,” Matanuska Valley Ban", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 L. Ed. 956", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3bca5b6f105a7b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 20647, "end": 20659, "quote": "223 F.2d 778", "context": " the agent was “in complete control of [the principal’s] affairs,” Matanuska Valley Bank v. Arnold, 223 F.2d 778, 781 (9th Cir.1955); or when “there is not the slightest indication that any officer or employee of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "223 F.2d 778", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_223/0778_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b49965ae70b84450", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 20866, "end": 20879, "quote": "supra, at 521", "context": "nk except [the agent] exercised any independent choice or judgment.” Bosworth v. Maryland Casualty, supra, at 521. If Giova fits this further exception, then his knowledge imputes to the Bank for purposes of any c", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32edf6e390a91748", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 21765, "end": 21773, "quote": "Id. at 2", "context": "n for summary judgment, p. 24) and that none of the loans were approved by anyone other than Giova. Id. at 2. Plaintiff denies these statements and has submitted a lengthy deposition of then-Bank Chairman Sch", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4bc738feaf486d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 22723, "end": 22739, "quote": "286 Ill.App. 241", "context": " collateral is against the interest of the Bank. See Montgomery v. Commercial Trust & Savings Bank, 286 Ill.App. 241, 245, 3 N.E.2d 139 (1st Dist.1936). However, if adversity is determined using a subjective standard", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "286 Ill. App. 241", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app/volume_286/0241_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2a88b6dc343be56e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 22746, "end": 22758, "quote": "3 N.E.2d 139", "context": "the interest of the Bank. See Montgomery v. Commercial Trust & Savings Bank, 286 Ill.App. 241, 245, 3 N.E.2d 139 (1st Dist.1936). However, if adversity is determined using a subjective standard, then whether or n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 N.E.2d 139", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a34da881cc737afb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 23786, "end": 23804, "quote": "105 Ill.App.3d 576", "context": "the agent was acting within the scope of his employment. Cf. Campen v. Executive House Hotel, Inc., 105 Ill.App.3d 576, 61 Ill.Dec. 358, 434 N.E.2d 511 (1st Dist.1982) (in a discovery context, corporation charged with ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 Ill. App. 3d 576", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_105/0576_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c61e7db96d3ad96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 23806, "end": 23821, "quote": "61 Ill.Dec. 358", "context": " within the scope of his employment. Cf. Campen v. Executive House Hotel, Inc., 105 Ill.App.3d 576, 61 Ill.Dec. 358, 434 N.E.2d 511 (1st Dist.1982) (in a discovery context, corporation charged with the knowledge age", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 Ill. Dec. 358", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d655548bc2066de9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 23823, "end": 23837, "quote": "434 N.E.2d 511", "context": " of his employment. Cf. Campen v. Executive House Hotel, Inc., 105 Ill.App.3d 576, 61 Ill.Dec. 358, 434 N.E.2d 511 (1st Dist.1982) (in a discovery context, corporation charged with the knowledge agent would have le", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "434 N.E.2d 511", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b42dd46e9fddf43f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 24017, "end": 24031, "quote": "502 F.Supp. 77", "context": " agent would have learned if he had checked the corporate files), but see Wycoff v. Motorola, Inc., 502 F.Supp. 77, 93 (N.D.Ill.1980) (“only actual knowledge of any attorney or agent can be imputable to the client ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "502 F. Supp. 77", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_502/0077_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b768e281083047f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 25440, "end": 25452, "quote": "456 U.S. 556", "context": "cting under apparent authority. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Inc. v. Hydrolevel Corp., 456 U.S. 556, 568, 102 S.Ct. 1935, 1943, 72 L.Ed.2d 330 (1982), citing Gleason v. Seaboard Air Line Ry. Co., 278", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "456 U.S. 556", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "daf3220816809426", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 25459, "end": 25473, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 1935", "context": "t authority. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Inc. v. Hydrolevel Corp., 456 U.S. 556, 568, 102 S.Ct. 1935, 1943, 72 L.Ed.2d 330 (1982), citing Gleason v. Seaboard Air Line Ry. Co., 278 U.S. 349, 49 S.Ct. 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 1935", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "928dd2994c1dfe35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 25481, "end": 25495, "quote": "72 L.Ed.2d 330", "context": "Society of Mechanical Engineers, Inc. v. Hydrolevel Corp., 456 U.S. 556, 568, 102 S.Ct. 1935, 1943, 72 L.Ed.2d 330 (1982), citing Gleason v. Seaboard Air Line Ry. Co., 278 U.S. 349, 49 S.Ct. 161, 73 L.Ed. 415 (1929", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 L. Ed. 2d 330", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c8a499813fc8b15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 25549, "end": 25561, "quote": "278 U.S. 349", "context": "556, 568, 102 S.Ct. 1935, 1943, 72 L.Ed.2d 330 (1982), citing Gleason v. Seaboard Air Line Ry. Co., 278 U.S. 349, 49 S.Ct. 161, 73 L.Ed. 415 (1929); National Acceptance Co. of America v. Coal Producers Associatio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "278 U.S. 349", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1fe4b1d968c83f87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 25563, "end": 25575, "quote": "49 S.Ct. 161", "context": "S.Ct. 1935, 1943, 72 L.Ed.2d 330 (1982), citing Gleason v. Seaboard Air Line Ry. Co., 278 U.S. 349, 49 S.Ct. 161, 73 L.Ed. 415 (1929); National Acceptance Co. of America v. Coal Producers Association, Inc., 604 F", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 S. Ct. 161", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb65cbef210e5ce6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 25577, "end": 25589, "quote": "73 L.Ed. 415", "context": "43, 72 L.Ed.2d 330 (1982), citing Gleason v. Seaboard Air Line Ry. Co., 278 U.S. 349, 49 S.Ct. 161, 73 L.Ed. 415 (1929); National Acceptance Co. of America v. Coal Producers Association, Inc., 604 F.2d 540, 542 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 L. Ed. 415", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac1cf281c70d8882", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 25670, "end": 25682, "quote": "604 F.2d 540", "context": ". 161, 73 L.Ed. 415 (1929); National Acceptance Co. of America v. Coal Producers Association, Inc., 604 F.2d 540, 542 (7th Cir.1979); United States v. Fox Lake State Bank, 240 F.Supp. 720 (N.D.Ill.1965). The main", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "604 F.2d 540", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_604/0540_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cf1654fba2dd5296", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 25742, "end": 25757, "quote": "240 F.Supp. 720", "context": "roducers Association, Inc., 604 F.2d 540, 542 (7th Cir.1979); United States v. Fox Lake State Bank, 240 F.Supp. 720 (N.D.Ill.1965). The main reason for this rule is that innocent third parties should not bear the lo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "240 F. Supp. 720", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_240/0720_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06d1e3f94c20b0e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 26214, "end": 26232, "quote": "240 F.Supp. at 721", "context": " loss occasioned by its failure to more discreetly dispense authority.\nU.S. v. Fox Lake State Bank, 240 F.Supp. at 721.\nThe thread of agency doctrine which addresses a principal’s liability for an agent’s actions does ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "240 F. Supp. 720", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_240/0720_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "314352282a386fae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 26524, "end": 26536, "quote": "204 U.S. 272", "context": "rincipal. However, in one case the two were intertwined. The Supreme Court, in Armstrong v. Ashley, 204 U.S. 272, 27 S.Ct. 270, 51 L.Ed. 482 (1906), imputed knowledge gained by agents committing a fraud on the co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "204 U.S. 272", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98582e0ccac0e189", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 26538, "end": 26550, "quote": "27 S.Ct. 270", "context": "ver, in one case the two were intertwined. The Supreme Court, in Armstrong v. Ashley, 204 U.S. 272, 27 S.Ct. 270, 51 L.Ed. 482 (1906), imputed knowledge gained by agents committing a fraud on the company to the p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 S. Ct. 270", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b020a4bfc79f17d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 26552, "end": 26564, "quote": "51 L.Ed. 482", "context": "se the two were intertwined. The Supreme Court, in Armstrong v. Ashley, 204 U.S. 272, 27 S.Ct. 270, 51 L.Ed. 482 (1906), imputed knowledge gained by agents committing a fraud on the company to the principal, even", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 L. Ed. 482", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c0304e92babd480", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 27160, "end": 27175, "quote": "204 U.S. at 283", "context": " a case the rule imputing knowledge to the company by reason of the knowledge of its agent remains.\n204 U.S. at 283, 27 S.Ct. at 274.\nIf this law is still good it presents the legal question of how doctrines of agen", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "204 U.S. 272", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d39651989decd476", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 27177, "end": 27192, "quote": "27 S.Ct. at 274", "context": "imputing knowledge to the company by reason of the knowledge of its agent remains.\n204 U.S. at 283, 27 S.Ct. at 274.\nIf this law is still good it presents the legal question of how doctrines of agency fit with the p", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "27 S. Ct. 270", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6c0a8ddb6c021cab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 28517, "end": 28533, "quote": "Section 17(f)(1)", "context": " vice-president and trust counsel, M & I Marshall and Usley Bank, Sept. 5, 1979:\n... the purpose of Section 17(f)(1) of the Act, Rule 17f — 1 and the Lost and Stolen Securities Program (the \"program”) thereunder is t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "051cdbd1726d34bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 28537, "end": 28544, "quote": "the Act", "context": "trust counsel, M & I Marshall and Usley Bank, Sept. 5, 1979:\n... the purpose of Section 17(f)(1) of the Act, Rule 17f — 1 and the Lost and Stolen Securities Program (the \"program”) thereunder is to reduce tr", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82a36e4a77062fcf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 29043, "end": 29050, "quote": "the Act", "context": "hose securities prior to their further negotiation. Stated affirmatively, inquiry, as envisioned by the Act, assures inquiring institutions that securities in their possession have not been reported as missi", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74b923c32f826af3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 30159, "end": 30170, "quote": "§ 1-201(27)", "context": " bona fide purchaser status is far from clear.\n. The court based its holding on Mass.G.Law ch. 106, § 1-201(27), which is virtually identical to Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 26, § 1-201(27), and states:\nNotice, knowledge, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dec12e9701d62eb6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0926_01/index.html", "start": 30226, "end": 30237, "quote": "§ 1-201(27)", "context": "s holding on Mass.G.Law ch. 106, § 1-201(27), which is virtually identical to Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 26, § 1-201(27), and states:\nNotice, knowledge, or a notice or notification received by an organization is effectiv", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8be4e9b0c494d45d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 232, "end": 236, "quote": "RICO", "context": "fs filed their multi-count complaint alleging various violations of federal and state antitrust and RICO laws, the Civil Rights Act and Florida’s civil theft statute as well as claims for fraud and misrep", "category": "rico", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1263e292876a3311", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 1312, "end": 1324, "quote": "317 U.S. 341", "context": "ct is immune from antitrust attack under the doctrine of state action immunity.\nIn Parker v. Brown, 317 U.S. 341, 63 S.Ct. 307, 87 L.Ed. 315 (1943), the Court recognized the necessity for states to be free to act", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "317 U.S. 341", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39f11eb147065620", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 1326, "end": 1338, "quote": "63 S.Ct. 307", "context": "rom antitrust attack under the doctrine of state action immunity.\nIn Parker v. Brown, 317 U.S. 341, 63 S.Ct. 307, 87 L.Ed. 315 (1943), the Court recognized the necessity for states to be free to act, in certain s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 S. Ct. 307", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cd6f62aa71997627", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 1340, "end": 1352, "quote": "87 L.Ed. 315", "context": "attack under the doctrine of state action immunity.\nIn Parker v. Brown, 317 U.S. 341, 63 S.Ct. 307, 87 L.Ed. 315 (1943), the Court recognized the necessity for states to be free to act, in certain situations, wit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 L. Ed. 315", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "302cd7510f99a605", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 1826, "end": 1838, "quote": "435 U.S. 389", "context": "tion with regulation or mono-ply public service.” City of Lafayette v. Louisiana Power & Light Co., 435 U.S. 389, 413, 98 S.Ct. 1123, 1137, 55 L.Ed.2d 364 (1978).\nThe Supreme Court recently revisited this issue i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "435 U.S. 389", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c2a9b6d526e5543e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 1845, "end": 1858, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 1123", "context": "n or mono-ply public service.” City of Lafayette v. Louisiana Power & Light Co., 435 U.S. 389, 413, 98 S.Ct. 1123, 1137, 55 L.Ed.2d 364 (1978).\nThe Supreme Court recently revisited this issue in Hallie v. City of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 1123", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "855be3362e1eaf39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 1866, "end": 1880, "quote": "55 L.Ed.2d 364", "context": "service.” City of Lafayette v. Louisiana Power & Light Co., 435 U.S. 389, 413, 98 S.Ct. 1123, 1137, 55 L.Ed.2d 364 (1978).\nThe Supreme Court recently revisited this issue in Hallie v. City of Eau Claire, - U.S. -, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 L. Ed. 2d 364", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97f76fd57a5735d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 1980, "end": 1994, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 1713", "context": " (1978).\nThe Supreme Court recently revisited this issue in Hallie v. City of Eau Claire, - U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 1713, 85 L.Ed.2d 24 (1985). The Court considered an attack on a municipality’s alleged monopoly of its s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 1713", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6d82de809fbf865", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 1996, "end": 2009, "quote": "85 L.Ed.2d 24", "context": "reme Court recently revisited this issue in Hallie v. City of Eau Claire, - U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 1713, 85 L.Ed.2d 24 (1985). The Court considered an attack on a municipality’s alleged monopoly of its sewage treatment", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 L. Ed. 2d 24", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cf49e9aa3d93169c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 2307, "end": 2310, "quote": "Id.", "context": " a clear showing that the state compelled the activity is required for state action from liability. Id. 105 S.Ct. at 1719-21.\nFurther, Congress also recognized the necessity for state action exemption fr", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "85 L. Ed. 2d 24", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93406f7f51038906", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 2311, "end": 2331, "quote": "105 S.Ct. at 1719-21", "context": "lear showing that the state compelled the activity is required for state action from liability. Id. 105 S.Ct. at 1719-21.\nFurther, Congress also recognized the necessity for state action exemption from antitrust liabilit", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 1713", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d0fc2bad08daf47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 2508, "end": 2528, "quote": "15 U.S.C.A. §§ 34-36", "context": "from antitrust liability and codified this exemption in the Local Government Antitrust Act of 1984. 15 U.S.C.A. §§ 34-36 (West.Supp. 1985). This Act proscribes the award of money damages in antitrust actions brought agai", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "15 U.S.C. §§ 34-36", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4861bc60413c0155", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 3792, "end": 3802, "quote": "Id. at 163", "context": "ce, fire, accident hospitalization, and other forms of public protection, services, and facilities. Id. at 163.335(1). Further, “[a]ny county or municipality ... may formulate for the county or municipality a w", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9132e3d96264a37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 4129, "end": 4138, "quote": "§ 163.356", "context": "bid at 163.350. The Act also provides for the creation of a community redevelopment agency, Ibid at § 163.356; and confers upon the counties, municipalities and community redevelopment agencies power necessary", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d7e57e26c9d2d5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 4324, "end": 4334, "quote": "§§ 163.358", "context": "ower necessary to carry out and effectuate the purposes of the Community Redevelopment Act. Ibid at §§ 163.358 and 163.370(l)(a).\nThe City of Fort Pierce declared that slum and blighted areas existed in the com", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83883fd8b8f78973", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 4958, "end": 4964, "quote": "supra;", "context": "Act. Thus, the state action exemption is applicable to their actions. Hallie v. City of Eau Claire, supra; Scott v. City of Sioux City, Iowa, 736 F.2d 1207 (8th Cir.1984), cert. denied, — U.S. - 105 S.Ct. 1", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "610844fd2f0faf29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 5000, "end": 5013, "quote": "736 F.2d 1207", "context": "pplicable to their actions. Hallie v. City of Eau Claire, supra; Scott v. City of Sioux City, Iowa, 736 F.2d 1207 (8th Cir.1984), cert. denied, — U.S. - 105 S.Ct. 1864, 85 L.Ed.2d 158 (1985) (state action immunity", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "736 F.2d 1207", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_736/1207_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "652330585df41fb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 5053, "end": 5067, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 1864", "context": "ire, supra; Scott v. City of Sioux City, Iowa, 736 F.2d 1207 (8th Cir.1984), cert. denied, — U.S. - 105 S.Ct. 1864, 85 L.Ed.2d 158 (1985) (state action immunity shielded city from liability from awarding contract f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 1864", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "44d67f0a31bec4f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 5069, "end": 5083, "quote": "85 L.Ed.2d 158", "context": "t v. City of Sioux City, Iowa, 736 F.2d 1207 (8th Cir.1984), cert. denied, — U.S. - 105 S.Ct. 1864, 85 L.Ed.2d 158 (1985) (state action immunity shielded city from liability from awarding contract for redevelopment", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 L. Ed. 2d 158", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fdac2e4875325397", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 5314, "end": 5329, "quote": "606 F.Supp. 788", "context": "zoning ordinances restricting commercial development of outlying areas); Reasor v. City of Norfolk, 606 F.Supp. 788, 1985-1 Trade Cases ¶¶ 66,368 and 66,369 (E.D.Va.1984) (state action immunity afforded to city and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "606 F. Supp. 788", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_606/0788_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1d1a5fc0a7f0cda9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 5642, "end": 5655, "quote": "746 F.2d 1370", "context": "nstruction pursuant to a redevelopment plan); Tom Hudson & Associates, Inc. v. City of Chula Vista, 746 F.2d 1370 (9th Cir.1984) (trash collection franchise between municipality and private collector is immune fro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "746 F.2d 1370", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_746/1370_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c8f60b81f8e04374", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 6210, "end": 6218, "quote": "§ 542.32", "context": "1(a) through 91(c) fail to state a cause of action under the Florida Antitrust Act. Florida Statute § 542.32 provides that \"[i]t is the intent of the Legislature that, in construing [Florida’s antitrust laws]", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbfc0be890678717", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 6503, "end": 6519, "quote": "564 F.Supp. 1121", "context": "ourts relating to comparable federal antitrust statutes.” See, Amis v. Gulf Abstract & Title, Inc., 564 F.Supp. 1121 (M.D.Fla.1983), aff'd, 758 F.2d 1486 (11th Cir.1985). Additionally, “[a]ny activity or conduct exem", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "564 F. Supp. 1121", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_564/1121_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f83f6452f5534c84", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 6543, "end": 6556, "quote": "758 F.2d 1486", "context": "itrust statutes.” See, Amis v. Gulf Abstract & Title, Inc., 564 F.Supp. 1121 (M.D.Fla.1983), aff'd, 758 F.2d 1486 (11th Cir.1985). Additionally, “[a]ny activity or conduct exempt ... from the provisions of the ant", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "758 F.2d 1486", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_758/1486_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "08cfff8dc7fdc90a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 6761, "end": 6770, "quote": "§ 542.20.", "context": "t laws of the United States is exempt from the provisions of [Florida’s antitrust laws].” Fla.Stat. § 542.20.\nThus, this court is again compelled to adopt these defendants’ position and to strike Paragraphs 91", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4610922f167eff8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 10200, "end": 10208, "quote": "§ 514(c)", "context": " which did not identify entry, importer or bond applicable to bill in question. Tariff Act of 1930, § 514(c), 19 U.S.C.A. § 1514(c).\n2. Customs Duties @=82\nLetter to surety which does not constitute demand fo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd3c7b4f5140d065", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 10210, "end": 10231, "quote": "19 U.S.C.A. § 1514(c)", "context": " not identify entry, importer or bond applicable to bill in question. Tariff Act of 1930, § 514(c), 19 U.S.C.A. § 1514(c).\n2. Customs Duties @=82\nLetter to surety which does not constitute demand for payment cannot be cur", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10b99a96b2880d9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 10542, "end": 10550, "quote": "§ 514(c)", "context": "ucing time in which surety could prepare its protest of customs classification. Tariff Act of 1930, § 514(c), 19 U.S.C.A. § 1514(c).\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e52b18dac49d250d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_625/0979_01/index.html", "start": 10552, "end": 10573, "quote": "19 U.S.C.A. § 1514(c)", "context": " in which surety could prepare its protest of customs classification. Tariff Act of 1930, § 514(c), 19 U.S.C.A. § 1514(c).\n", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df43be898f4b8c61", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 3565, "end": 3581, "quote": "550 F.Supp. 1287", "context": "x fori clearly governs this threshold issue of classification White v. American Motors Sales Corp., 550 F.Supp. 1287, 1289 (W.D.Va.1982) aff'd. 714 F.2d 135 (4th Cir.1983). Given this, the application of a little com", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "550 F. Supp. 1287", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_550/1287_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e90dafab19098b18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 3609, "end": 3621, "quote": "714 F.2d 135", "context": "of classification White v. American Motors Sales Corp., 550 F.Supp. 1287, 1289 (W.D.Va.1982) aff'd. 714 F.2d 135 (4th Cir.1983). Given this, the application of a little commonsense can avoid the pages of argument", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "714 F.2d 135", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1cb2e2cbf7fcd3bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 3948, "end": 3960, "quote": "732 F.2d 783", "context": "d here to apply Colorado conflicts rules to the issues before me, Dresser Indus., Inc. v. Sandvick, 732 F.2d 783 (10th Cir.1984). Products liability issues in Colorado are classified as tort problems, Hickman v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "732 F.2d 783", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_732/0783_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e11b43887d3e8567", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 4088, "end": 4104, "quote": "592 F.Supp. 1282", "context": "iability issues in Colorado are classified as tort problems, Hickman v. Thomas C. Thompson Company, 592 F.Supp. 1282, 1286 (D.Colo.1984). This is a products liability suit. Therefore, this is a tort suit. If damages ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "592 F. Supp. 1282", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_592/1282_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "34826bae70cbf169", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 4910, "end": 4915, "quote": "§ 145", "context": " ‘most significant relationship’ rule as enunciated in the Restatement (Second) of Conflict of Laws § 145 (1971) to interstate tort problems, First National Bank in Fort Collins v. Rostek, 182 Colo. 437, 5", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fddeb9307640f0cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 4999, "end": 5012, "quote": "182 Colo. 437", "context": "ct of Laws § 145 (1971) to interstate tort problems, First National Bank in Fort Collins v. Rostek, 182 Colo. 437, 514 P.2d 314, 320 (1973).\nSection 145 provides;\n(1) The rights and liabilities of the parties with", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "182 Colo. 437", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd2d0138a4c0efe1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 5014, "end": 5026, "quote": "514 P.2d 314", "context": "5 (1971) to interstate tort problems, First National Bank in Fort Collins v. Rostek, 182 Colo. 437, 514 P.2d 314, 320 (1973).\nSection 145 provides;\n(1) The rights and liabilities of the parties with respect to an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "514 P.2d 314", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb42a7f399bf5731", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 5040, "end": 5051, "quote": "Section 145", "context": "t problems, First National Bank in Fort Collins v. Rostek, 182 Colo. 437, 514 P.2d 314, 320 (1973).\nSection 145 provides;\n(1) The rights and liabilities of the parties with respect to an issue in tort are determ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37341422cd6c1f53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 5323, "end": 5327, "quote": "§ 6.", "context": "s the most significant relationship to the occurence and the parties under the principles stated in § 6.\n(2) Contacts to be taken into account in applying the principles of § 6 to determine the law applic", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "695a6feef1c696a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 5396, "end": 5399, "quote": "§ 6", "context": "r the principles stated in § 6.\n(2) Contacts to be taken into account in applying the principles of § 6 to determine the law applicable to an issue include;\n(a) the place where the injury occurred,\n(b) t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1212d80fdae000f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 5738, "end": 5747, "quote": "Section 6", "context": " of the parties, and\n(d) the place where the relationship, if any, between the parties is centered.\nSection 6 lists the following factors as relevant to choosing the applicable law,\n(a) the needs of the inters", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c7970ff9c6452ef6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 7825, "end": 7840, "quote": "36 Colo.App. 60", "context": "in determining the applicable law in negligence suits, Sabell v. Pacific Intermountain Express Co., 36 Colo.App. 60, 536 P.2d 1160 (1975). Further, the place the injury occurred, rather than the place of manufacture", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 Colo. App. 60", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a78b435563f826b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 7842, "end": 7855, "quote": "536 P.2d 1160", "context": "e applicable law in negligence suits, Sabell v. Pacific Intermountain Express Co., 36 Colo.App. 60, 536 P.2d 1160 (1975). Further, the place the injury occurred, rather than the place of manufacture, provides the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "536 P.2d 1160", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0724c0c718e6944b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 8043, "end": 8059, "quote": "592 F.Supp. 1282", "context": "rovides the most compelling policy concerns in situations such as the present, Hickman v. Thompson, 592 F.Supp. 1282, 1286 (D.Colo.1984). Finally, the most important factors to be considered in this context are those", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "592 F. Supp. 1282", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_592/1282_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0998932d4f0a8eb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 8173, "end": 8179, "quote": "§ 6(b)", "context": ".1984). Finally, the most important factors to be considered in this context are those contained in § 6(b) and (c) of the Restatement, Conlin v. Hutcheon, 560 F.Supp. 934, 936 (D.Colo.1983). These point to ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ed9c558dde69606", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 8228, "end": 8243, "quote": "560 F.Supp. 934", "context": "dered in this context are those contained in § 6(b) and (c) of the Restatement, Conlin v. Hutcheon, 560 F.Supp. 934, 936 (D.Colo.1983). These point to Colorado law.\nB. The contract claims\nThe contracts ‘contacts’ te", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "560 F. Supp. 934", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_560/0934_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "786a64cd4fe797f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 8678, "end": 8683, "quote": "§ 191", "context": " from the same fact pattern. Colorado applies the ‘most significant relationship’ rule contained in § 191 of the Restatement, Webb v. Dessert Seed Co. Inc., Colo., 718 P.2d 1057 (1986). This points, in the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ff28c0bf78162e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 8742, "end": 8755, "quote": "718 P.2d 1057", "context": "ant relationship’ rule contained in § 191 of the Restatement, Webb v. Dessert Seed Co. Inc., Colo., 718 P.2d 1057 (1986). This points, in the absence of express choice by the parties, to the place of delivery unle", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "718 P.2d 1057", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "783efcdef25aaf77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 8889, "end": 8892, "quote": "§ 6", "context": "ce of express choice by the parties, to the place of delivery unless the considerations outlined in § 6 dictate another state has a more significant relationship with the transaction. In particular, the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1e8556db45fa770", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 9212, "end": 9218, "quote": "§ 191.", "context": "ch will be centered in a state other than that where delivery took place’, Restatement comment / to § 191. This is clearly the case with an agreement of this nature, see Collins Radio Co. of Dallas v. Bell,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e8b3693b5e126135", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 9319, "end": 9332, "quote": "623 P.2d 1039", "context": "This is clearly the case with an agreement of this nature, see Collins Radio Co. of Dallas v. Bell, 623 P.2d 1039 (Okl.App.1980). Colorado law again governs these claims.\nColorado law accordingly governs both the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "623 P.2d 1039", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11e8fbb6ba52b141", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 9570, "end": 9582, "quote": "§ 4-2-316(2)", "context": "ITY OF THE DISCLAIMERS\nThe validity of disclaimer clauses in Colorado is governed by Colo.Rev.Stat. § 4-2-316(2). This demands that to exclude the implied warranty of merchantability, the language of the warranty", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e439de2a283c7df1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 10135, "end": 10148, "quote": "§ 4-1-201(10)", "context": "ace hereof’ will suffice to exclude the warranty of fitness of purpose. ‘Conspicuous’ is defined by § 4-1-201(10) in terms of a clause written so that a reasonable person against whom it is to operate ought to hav", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a97cdf5815d27d65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 10262, "end": 10275, "quote": "§ 4-1-201(10)", "context": " clause written so that a reasonable person against whom it is to operate ought to have noticed it. § 4-1-201(10) is qualified by § 4-2-316(3). Sub-paragraph (a) of this provision reads as follows;\nUnless the circ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c74cdc873e657ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 10292, "end": 10304, "quote": "§ 4-2-316(3)", "context": "onable person against whom it is to operate ought to have noticed it. § 4-1-201(10) is qualified by § 4-2-316(3). Sub-paragraph (a) of this provision reads as follows;\nUnless the circumstances indicate otherwise,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d86da6db47c1ab52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 11162, "end": 11178, "quote": "5 Kan.App.2d 466", "context": "n on the basis the print was not bold. This is not necessary, J & W Equipment, Inc. v. Weingartner, 5 Kan.App.2d 466, 618 P.2d 862, 865-866 (1980). In any event, the relevant clause was indented, which does point to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 Kan. App. 2d 466", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d153e10f2162dd86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 11180, "end": 11192, "quote": "618 P.2d 862", "context": " print was not bold. This is not necessary, J & W Equipment, Inc. v. Weingartner, 5 Kan.App.2d 466, 618 P.2d 862, 865-866 (1980). In any event, the relevant clause was indented, which does point to its being cons", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "618 P.2d 862", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99bc792478393f54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 11360, "end": 11376, "quote": "63 Mich.App. 109", "context": "ich does point to its being conspicuous, Michican Mutual Liability Insurance Co. v. Fruehauf Corp., 63 Mich.App. 109, 234 N.W.2d 424, 428 (1975). In transactions such as that in question here, between a commercial bu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 Mich. App. 109", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e145666e15c43de6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 11378, "end": 11392, "quote": "234 N.W.2d 424", "context": "its being conspicuous, Michican Mutual Liability Insurance Co. v. Fruehauf Corp., 63 Mich.App. 109, 234 N.W.2d 424, 428 (1975). In transactions such as that in question here, between a commercial buyer and a commer", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "234 N.W.2d 424", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b562cb3966e1071", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 11651, "end": 11664, "quote": "166 Colo. 270", "context": "e clause was drawn to its attention is simply untenable, see Cherokee Investment Company v. Voiles, 166 Colo. 270, 443 P.2d 727, 729 (1968). Further, the exclusion clause employed comes within the requirements of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "166 Colo. 270", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "576a27a55facbab6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 11666, "end": 11678, "quote": "443 P.2d 727", "context": "awn to its attention is simply untenable, see Cherokee Investment Company v. Voiles, 166 Colo. 270, 443 P.2d 727, 729 (1968). Further, the exclusion clause employed comes within the requirements of the statute in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "443 P.2d 727", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "443eac8940b63e5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 12156, "end": 12168, "quote": "§ 4-2-316(3)", "context": "lity is not mentioned. The statute demands it must be. The prevalent view is that the provisions of § 4-2-316(3) do not qualify this requirement, J. White and R. Summers ‘Uniform Commercial Code’ § 12-5 n. 46 and", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4909230fea80699", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 12252, "end": 12258, "quote": "§ 12-5", "context": " of § 4-2-316(3) do not qualify this requirement, J. White and R. Summers ‘Uniform Commercial Code’ § 12-5 n. 46 and the authorities cited therein, Two Rivers Co. v. Curtiss Breeding Service, 624 F.2d 1242,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eecc7b313903e504", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 12344, "end": 12357, "quote": "624 F.2d 1242", "context": "l Code’ § 12-5 n. 46 and the authorities cited therein, Two Rivers Co. v. Curtiss Breeding Service, 624 F.2d 1242, 1252 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 920, 101 S.Ct. 1368, 67 L.Ed.2d 348 (1981), Wilson v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "624 F.2d 1242", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_624/1242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4dfc1e921ab760e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 12394, "end": 12406, "quote": "450 U.S. 920", "context": "rein, Two Rivers Co. v. Curtiss Breeding Service, 624 F.2d 1242, 1252 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 920, 101 S.Ct. 1368, 67 L.Ed.2d 348 (1981), Wilson v. Marquette Electronics, Inc., 630 F.2d 575, 582 (8", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "450 U.S. 920", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a65356b7fb8c801c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 12408, "end": 12422, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 1368", "context": "rs Co. v. Curtiss Breeding Service, 624 F.2d 1242, 1252 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 920, 101 S.Ct. 1368, 67 L.Ed.2d 348 (1981), Wilson v. Marquette Electronics, Inc., 630 F.2d 575, 582 (8th Cir.1980).\nTh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 1368", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6660b43cb8cebe08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 12424, "end": 12438, "quote": "67 L.Ed.2d 348", "context": "s Breeding Service, 624 F.2d 1242, 1252 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 920, 101 S.Ct. 1368, 67 L.Ed.2d 348 (1981), Wilson v. Marquette Electronics, Inc., 630 F.2d 575, 582 (8th Cir.1980).\nThe second clause ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 L. Ed. 2d 348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a636fc2a4c8333f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 12486, "end": 12498, "quote": "630 F.2d 575", "context": "denied, 450 U.S. 920, 101 S.Ct. 1368, 67 L.Ed.2d 348 (1981), Wilson v. Marquette Electronics, Inc., 630 F.2d 575, 582 (8th Cir.1980).\nThe second clause relied upon by defendant was allegedly provided with each of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "630 F.2d 575", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_630/0575_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d79c3f22ece2016", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 13313, "end": 13323, "quote": "§ 4-2-725.", "context": "e the applicable statute of limitations to the first and second claims for relief is Colo.Rev.Stat. § 4-2-725. This provides, insofar as the present action is concerned , a four year limitation period in any ac", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb034a74d2a28378", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 14043, "end": 14059, "quote": "524 F.Supp. 1152", "context": "r doctrine enunciated by this court in Colorado-Ute Electric Association, Inc. v. Envirotech Corp., 524 F.Supp. 1152, 1155 (D.Colo.1981). There, Judge Carrigan expounded two related doctrines, firstly that unsuccessf", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "524 F. Supp. 1152", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_524/1152_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "12f18619556f6eb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 15197, "end": 15209, "quote": "190 Colo. 57", "context": "disagree. Plaintiffs cite three cases in support of their position, Hiigel v. General Motors Corp., 190 Colo. 57, 544 P.2d 983, 989 (1975), Adams-Arapahoe School District No. 28-J v. Celotex Corp., 637 F.Supp. 12", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "190 Colo. 57", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc6d35b5f7d0f406", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 15211, "end": 15223, "quote": "544 P.2d 983", "context": "ntiffs cite three cases in support of their position, Hiigel v. General Motors Corp., 190 Colo. 57, 544 P.2d 983, 989 (1975), Adams-Arapahoe School District No. 28-J v. Celotex Corp., 637 F.Supp. 1207, 1209 (D.Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "544 P.2d 983", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1785002f584b404d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 15295, "end": 15311, "quote": "637 F.Supp. 1207", "context": ", 190 Colo. 57, 544 P.2d 983, 989 (1975), Adams-Arapahoe School District No. 28-J v. Celotex Corp., 637 F.Supp. 1207, 1209 (D.Colo.1986) and Aetna Casualty and Surety Co. v. Crissy Fowler Lumber Co., 687 P.2d 514, 51", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "637 F. Supp. 1207", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_637/1207_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "da1452e6c88f12c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 15395, "end": 15407, "quote": "687 P.2d 514", "context": "637 F.Supp. 1207, 1209 (D.Colo.1986) and Aetna Casualty and Surety Co. v. Crissy Fowler Lumber Co., 687 P.2d 514, 517 (Colo.App.1984).\nThere has been a pronounced effort among courts in the last three years, not ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "687 P.2d 514", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5589f11af30cf34b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 16124, "end": 16136, "quote": "476 U.S. 858", "context": "cisely the purpose of express and implied warranties\nEast River S.S. Corp. v. Transamerica Delaval, 476 U.S. 858, 106 S.Ct. 2295, 2303, 90 L.Ed.2d 865 (1986). Citations omitted.\nThis makes perfect sense conceptua", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "476 U.S. 858", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98afbb22951b0662", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 16138, "end": 16152, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2295", "context": "pose of express and implied warranties\nEast River S.S. Corp. v. Transamerica Delaval, 476 U.S. 858, 106 S.Ct. 2295, 2303, 90 L.Ed.2d 865 (1986). Citations omitted.\nThis makes perfect sense conceptually. As the cour", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2295", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b4d531829af755b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 16160, "end": 16174, "quote": "90 L.Ed.2d 865", "context": "plied warranties\nEast River S.S. Corp. v. Transamerica Delaval, 476 U.S. 858, 106 S.Ct. 2295, 2303, 90 L.Ed.2d 865 (1986). Citations omitted.\nThis makes perfect sense conceptually. As the court noted, ‘[i]n product", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 L. Ed. 2d 865", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "119776f6df96ece0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 16528, "end": 16539, "quote": "id. at 2304", "context": "iability, whereas a tort action could subject the manufacturer to damages of an indefinite amount’, id. at 2304. More importantly the principle so expounded operates so as to clarify, and protect effectively the", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "505a1aac121ffe03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 17053, "end": 17068, "quote": "658 F.Supp. 739", "context": " to subvert the very concept of predetermined risk allocation. See Postal Instant Press v. Jackson, 658 F.Supp. 739, 747-748 (D.Colo.1987) for my further explication of this issue.\nIn circumstances such as the prese", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "658 F. Supp. 739", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_658/0739_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5856527693f1df7a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 17946, "end": 17956, "quote": "44 N.J. 52", "context": "old is covered under the doctrine of strict liability, we think it is, Santor v. Karagheusian, Inc, 44 N.J. 52, 207 A.2d 305 (1965).\n544 P.2d at 989.\nSantor was expressly disapproved by the Supreme Court in Eas", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 N.J. 52", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a166425ca2c9d42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 17958, "end": 17970, "quote": "207 A.2d 305", "context": "ed under the doctrine of strict liability, we think it is, Santor v. Karagheusian, Inc, 44 N.J. 52, 207 A.2d 305 (1965).\n544 P.2d at 989.\nSantor was expressly disapproved by the Supreme Court in East River id. at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "207 A.2d 305", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06815236a3654e69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 17979, "end": 17994, "quote": "544 P.2d at 989", "context": " of strict liability, we think it is, Santor v. Karagheusian, Inc, 44 N.J. 52, 207 A.2d 305 (1965).\n544 P.2d at 989.\nSantor was expressly disapproved by the Supreme Court in East River id. at 2302. Since the decisio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "544 P.2d 983", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48fc90bccb1585d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 18064, "end": 18075, "quote": "id. at 2302", "context": "2d 305 (1965).\n544 P.2d at 989.\nSantor was expressly disapproved by the Supreme Court in East River id. at 2302. Since the decision in Hiigel, Santor has also been the subject of further consideration by the New", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "607b40b15fcb4ba8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 18238, "end": 18249, "quote": "98 N.J. 555", "context": "t of further consideration by the New Jersey Supreme Court. In Spring Motors v. Ford Motor Company, 98 N.J. 555, 489 A.2d 660 (1985), Santor was expressly limited to non-commercial contexts. The court held;\na co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 N.J. 555", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e011dfe6bc872af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 18251, "end": 18263, "quote": "489 A.2d 660", "context": "consideration by the New Jersey Supreme Court. In Spring Motors v. Ford Motor Company, 98 N.J. 555, 489 A.2d 660 (1985), Santor was expressly limited to non-commercial contexts. The court held;\na commercial buyer", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "489 A.2d 660", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23670ac53927bebf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 18522, "end": 18534, "quote": "489 A.2d 663", "context": "ase of defective goods may recover ... under the U.C.C., but not in strict liability or negligence.\n489 A.2d 663.\nThis squares with the Supreme Court’s conclusion in East River,\nSince a commercial situation gener", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "489 A.2d 663", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e47baf7e03f9437f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 18761, "end": 18778, "quote": "106 S.Ct. at 2303", "context": " disparities in bargaining power, we see no reason to intrude into the parties’ allocation of risk. 106 S.Ct. at 2303, citation omitted.\nI shall accordingly restrict the decision in Hiigel to its particular facts. Pla", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2295", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b5346a2507ab5c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 19157, "end": 19169, "quote": "626 F.2d 280", "context": "cords with the law in most other jurisdictions, see Jones & Laughlin Steel v. Johns—Manville Sales, 626 F.2d 280, 287 (3rd Cir.1980), 2000 Watermark Assoc., Inc. v. Celotex Corp., 784 F.2d 1183, 1185 (4th Cir.198", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "626 F.2d 280", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_626/0280_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "31743fefced82ffa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 19237, "end": 19250, "quote": "784 F.2d 1183", "context": "hns—Manville Sales, 626 F.2d 280, 287 (3rd Cir.1980), 2000 Watermark Assoc., Inc. v. Celotex Corp., 784 F.2d 1183, 1185 (4th Cir.1986) and the cases cited therein.\nI have been referred to no authority applying Hii", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "784 F.2d 1183", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_784/1183_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b5806e10d9e43bdc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 20258, "end": 20270, "quote": "816 F.2d 110", "context": "inly cuts the edge of the decision very finely. I note that in Aloe Coal Co. v. Clark Equipment Co. 816 F.2d 110 (3rd Cir.1987), the Third Circuit found itself in an equally uncomfortable position as a result of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "816 F.2d 110", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_816/0110_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c580f99d54ad2a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 20629, "end": 20645, "quote": "317 Pa.Super. 65", "context": "vania Supreme Court would not accept /ra dustrial Uniform [Rental Co. v. Internation Harvester Co., 317 Pa.Super. 65, 463 A.2d 1085 (1983)] and Johnson [v. General Motors Corp., 349 Pa.Super. 147, 502 A.2d 1317 (1986", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "317 Pa. Super. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "58bef9d7814d1546", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 20647, "end": 20660, "quote": "463 A.2d 1085", "context": "t would not accept /ra dustrial Uniform [Rental Co. v. Internation Harvester Co., 317 Pa.Super. 65, 463 A.2d 1085 (1983)] and Johnson [v. General Motors Corp., 349 Pa.Super. 147, 502 A.2d 1317 (1986) ] in the ligh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "463 A.2d 1085", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "502c1c36207ad942", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 20707, "end": 20724, "quote": "349 Pa.Super. 147", "context": "nation Harvester Co., 317 Pa.Super. 65, 463 A.2d 1085 (1983)] and Johnson [v. General Motors Corp., 349 Pa.Super. 147, 502 A.2d 1317 (1986) ] in the light of the United States Supreme Court’s rejection of Pennsylvania", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "349 Pa. Super. 147", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15efecfce7c86f4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 20726, "end": 20739, "quote": "502 A.2d 1317", "context": "., 317 Pa.Super. 65, 463 A.2d 1085 (1983)] and Johnson [v. General Motors Corp., 349 Pa.Super. 147, 502 A.2d 1317 (1986) ] in the light of the United States Supreme Court’s rejection of Pennsylvania Glass Sand [Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "502 A.2d 1317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "35eb226fbb1b02ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 20871, "end": 20884, "quote": "652 F.2d 1165", "context": "ited States Supreme Court’s rejection of Pennsylvania Glass Sand [Corp. v. Caterpillar Tractor Co., 652 F.2d 1165 (3d Cir.1981) ]____ We believe that Pennsylvania courts will reaffirm their lack of hospitality to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "652 F.2d 1165", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_652/1165_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2734f6d8fb109ddb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 21025, "end": 21040, "quote": "816 F.2d at 119", "context": "sylvania courts will reaffirm their lack of hospitality to tort liability for purely economic loss.\n816 F.2d at 119. Citations omitted.\nWere it necessary, I should not hesitate to say the same of the Colorado Suprem", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "816 F.2d 110", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_816/0110_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4cc228df000a60a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 22891, "end": 22903, "quote": "476 U.S. 858", "context": "tract law being allowed to 'drown in a sea of tort’, East River S.S. Corp. v. Transamerica Delaval, 476 U.S. 858, 106 S.Ct. 2295, 2300, 90 L.Ed.2d 865 (1986). The court in East River was exercising its admiralty ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "476 U.S. 858", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b18501d2fa822402", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 22905, "end": 22919, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2295", "context": "g allowed to 'drown in a sea of tort’, East River S.S. Corp. v. Transamerica Delaval, 476 U.S. 858, 106 S.Ct. 2295, 2300, 90 L.Ed.2d 865 (1986). The court in East River was exercising its admiralty jurisdiction. Fo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2295", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23b6d389cd9da7b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 22927, "end": 22941, "quote": "90 L.Ed.2d 865", "context": " a sea of tort’, East River S.S. Corp. v. Transamerica Delaval, 476 U.S. 858, 106 S.Ct. 2295, 2300, 90 L.Ed.2d 865 (1986). The court in East River was exercising its admiralty jurisdiction. For an enlightening disc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 L. Ed. 2d 865", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e06ecc7e0d28cc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 23139, "end": 23155, "quote": "646 F.Supp. 1520", "context": "scussion as to whether the decision applies to fishermen, see McConnell v. Caterpillar Tractor Co., 646 F.Supp. 1520 (D.N.J.1986).\n. Justice Blackmun in East River, writing for a unanimous court, identified three dif", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "646 F. Supp. 1520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_646/1520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3d14b91ac6f518fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 23535, "end": 23546, "quote": "63 Cal.2d 9", "context": "posing tort liability if a defective product causes purely monetary harm, Seely v. White Motor Co., 63 Cal.2d 9, 45 Cal.Rptr. 17, 403 P.2d 145 (1965). Second, the minority approach represented by Santor which he", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 Cal. 2d 9", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-2d/volume_63/0009_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3d8f17db5ab5b81e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 23548, "end": 23563, "quote": "45 Cal.Rptr. 17", "context": "iability if a defective product causes purely monetary harm, Seely v. White Motor Co., 63 Cal.2d 9, 45 Cal.Rptr. 17, 403 P.2d 145 (1965). Second, the minority approach represented by Santor which held the duty to ma", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 Cal. Rptr. 17", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69bc6f1f93f07772", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 23565, "end": 23577, "quote": "403 P.2d 145", "context": "ective product causes purely monetary harm, Seely v. White Motor Co., 63 Cal.2d 9, 45 Cal.Rptr. 17, 403 P.2d 145 (1965). Second, the minority approach represented by Santor which held the duty to make nondefectiv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "403 P.2d 145", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9bb4f42b02445b77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 24005, "end": 24027, "quote": "106 S.Ct. at 2301-2303", "context": "ions in which a product injured only itself. The latter two approaches were categorically rejected. 106 S.Ct. at 2301-2303.\n. See Thompson v. Nebraska Mobile Homes Corp., 198 Mont. 461 647 P.2d 334, 337 (1982), Bendix West", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2295", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "71604e533ab735e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 24076, "end": 24089, "quote": "198 Mont. 461", "context": "were categorically rejected. 106 S.Ct. at 2301-2303.\n. See Thompson v. Nebraska Mobile Homes Corp., 198 Mont. 461 647 P.2d 334, 337 (1982), Bendix Westinghouse v. Latrobe, 427 F.Supp. 34 (D.Colo.1976). U.S. Weldin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "198 Mont. 461", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e75abef893ecee55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 24090, "end": 24102, "quote": "647 P.2d 334", "context": "ally rejected. 106 S.Ct. at 2301-2303.\n. See Thompson v. Nebraska Mobile Homes Corp., 198 Mont. 461 647 P.2d 334, 337 (1982), Bendix Westinghouse v. Latrobe, 427 F.Supp. 34 (D.Colo.1976). U.S. Welding v. Burrough", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "647 P.2d 334", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6758811b7072973", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 24148, "end": 24162, "quote": "427 F.Supp. 34", "context": "ebraska Mobile Homes Corp., 198 Mont. 461 647 P.2d 334, 337 (1982), Bendix Westinghouse v. Latrobe, 427 F.Supp. 34 (D.Colo.1976). U.S. Welding v. Burroughs Corp., 587 F.Supp. 49 (D.Colo.1984) is readily distinguish", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "427 F. Supp. 34", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_427/0034_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "882512dde39a0995", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 24211, "end": 24225, "quote": "587 F.Supp. 49", "context": "82), Bendix Westinghouse v. Latrobe, 427 F.Supp. 34 (D.Colo.1976). U.S. Welding v. Burroughs Corp., 587 F.Supp. 49 (D.Colo.1984) is readily distinguishable.\n. But see the decision of the ninth circuit in Bancorp Le", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "587 F. Supp. 49", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_587/0049_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "df0730cf6f7e080a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_672/0466_01/index.html", "start": 24367, "end": 24379, "quote": "813 F.2d 272", "context": "\n. But see the decision of the ninth circuit in Bancorp Leasing & Finance Corp. v. Agusta Aviation, 813 F.2d 272, 277 (9th Cir.1987).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "813 F.2d 272", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_813/0272_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "81ce12c95ee3aad9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 565, "end": 581, "quote": "658 F.Supp. 1415", "context": "deral court and voluntarily dismissed by plaintiff. Martin v. Universal Underwriters Insurance Co., 658 F.Supp. 1415 (E.D.Pa.1987). Plaintiff then filed another declaratory judgment action in Pennsylvania, this time ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "658 F. Supp. 1415", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_658/1415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f7e372f056f048d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 788, "end": 805, "quote": "360 Pa.Super. 319", "context": "Mace and Flynn as defendants in light of Pennsylvania Insurance Guaranty Association v. Schreffler, 360 Pa.Super. 319, 520 A.2d 477 (1987). Universal again removed the action to federal court and plaintiff has now mov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "360 Pa. Super. 319", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1fdaedd9d7c67f7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 807, "end": 819, "quote": "520 A.2d 477", "context": "efendants in light of Pennsylvania Insurance Guaranty Association v. Schreffler, 360 Pa.Super. 319, 520 A.2d 477 (1987). Universal again removed the action to federal court and plaintiff has now moved for remand.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "520 A.2d 477", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b00eede4f0c9db2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 970, "end": 985, "quote": "section 1441(b)", "context": "ral court and plaintiff has now moved for remand.\nPlaintiff contends that removal is improper under section 1441(b) of Title 28 which precludes removal in a diversity action where any defendant properly joined and s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ab92cfa300521c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 1531, "end": 1540, "quote": "§ 1441(b)", "context": "¶ 0.161[l-.3] (1987) (a properly joined but unserved defendant should be considered for purposes of § 1441(b)).\nUniversal contends that section 1441(b) was not violated because Mace and Flynn should be realign", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "428a2686f0570a4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 1567, "end": 1582, "quote": "section 1441(b)", "context": "ned but unserved defendant should be considered for purposes of § 1441(b)).\nUniversal contends that section 1441(b) was not violated because Mace and Flynn should be realigned with plaintiff. To determine the propri", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30a771e20cd9456d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 1820, "end": 1835, "quote": "384 F.Supp. 423", "context": "he parties according to their actual interests in the suit. Glenmede Trust Co. v. Dow Chemical Co., 384 F.Supp. 423 (E.D.Pa.1974). The test for realignment is whether there is a “collision of interests” between the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "384 F. Supp. 423", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_384/0423_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b832f2c3a871b31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 2086, "end": 2101, "quote": "565 F.Supp. 843", "context": "pal issues raised in the suit. See, e.g., American Mutual Liability Insurance Co. v. Flintkote Co., 565 F.Supp. 843 (S.D.N.Y.1983).\nHere, plaintiff claims that defendant Universal insured Mace and Flynn at the time ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "565 F. Supp. 843", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_565/0843_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d51224d0d3278b98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 2700, "end": 2711, "quote": "195 F.2d 56", "context": "’s and thus they are properly aligned as plaintiffs. See State Farm Mutual Insurance Co. v. Mossey, 195 F.2d 56, 58-59 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 344 U.S. 869, 73 S.Ct. 109, 97 L.Ed. 674 (1952).\nPlaintiff also ar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "195 F.2d 56", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_195/0056_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2aa561dd9aa5a857", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 2745, "end": 2757, "quote": "344 U.S. 869", "context": "ntiffs. See State Farm Mutual Insurance Co. v. Mossey, 195 F.2d 56, 58-59 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 344 U.S. 869, 73 S.Ct. 109, 97 L.Ed. 674 (1952).\nPlaintiff also argues that the proposed joinder of Sportsmen Cy", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "344 U.S. 869", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be7b4b7f063a54ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 2759, "end": 2771, "quote": "73 S.Ct. 109", "context": "ate Farm Mutual Insurance Co. v. Mossey, 195 F.2d 56, 58-59 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 344 U.S. 869, 73 S.Ct. 109, 97 L.Ed. 674 (1952).\nPlaintiff also argues that the proposed joinder of Sportsmen Cycle Center req", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 S. Ct. 109", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "17a217ce230b776e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 2773, "end": 2785, "quote": "97 L.Ed. 674", "context": "l Insurance Co. v. Mossey, 195 F.2d 56, 58-59 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 344 U.S. 869, 73 S.Ct. 109, 97 L.Ed. 674 (1952).\nPlaintiff also argues that the proposed joinder of Sportsmen Cycle Center requires a remand", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 L. Ed. 674", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed58d018e927942b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 3684, "end": 3697, "quote": "809 F.2d 1006", "context": "indispensable party. Fed.R.Civ.P. 19. See Steel Valley Authority v. Union Switch & Signal Division, 809 F.2d 1006 (3d Cir.1987). As the Third Circuit has stated, “[o]f necessity, an indispensability analysis is fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "809 F.2d 1006", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_809/1006_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1bd0fde4ead5295e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_676/0077_01/index.html", "start": 3901, "end": 3912, "quote": "Id. at 1011", "context": "pecific, guided by the legal analysis outlined in Rule 19 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.” Id. at 1011. Here, Sportsmen has not yet been joined and it is unclear whether plaintiff will join Sportsmen as", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "809 F.2d 1006", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_809/1006_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4d9cb44cc08b2b89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_68/0681_01/index.html", "start": 133, "end": 145, "quote": "Section 8(e)", "context": " proceeding under the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940, as amended, and more particularly Section 8(e) thereof, 50 U.S.C.A.Appendix, § 301 et seq., and § 308(e).\nOn October 9, 1946, this cause came on t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e3c6bea863ad3c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_68/0681_01/index.html", "start": 176, "end": 181, "quote": "§ 301", "context": "d Service Act of 1940, as amended, and more particularly Section 8(e) thereof, 50 U.S.C.A.Appendix, § 301 et seq., and § 308(e).\nOn October 9, 1946, this cause came on to be tried by the Court without a ju", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04d8bc2105f426ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_68/0681_01/index.html", "start": 195, "end": 203, "quote": "§ 308(e)", "context": "40, as amended, and more particularly Section 8(e) thereof, 50 U.S.C.A.Appendix, § 301 et seq., and § 308(e).\nOn October 9, 1946, this cause came on to be tried by the Court without a jury, and from the evide", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc6f687dd6db72d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 1417, "end": 1425, "quote": "§ 543.19", "context": "e actions and plaintiff’s cause of action is required by the Minnesota long-arm statute. Minn.Stat. § 543.19, subds. 1(b) and 3.\nUpon careful review, the Court concludes that regardless of whether subdivision", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72048da66e89942e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 1824, "end": 1832, "quote": "§ 543.19", "context": "cts and plaintiff’s cause of action to justify assertion of jurisdiction consistent with Minn.Stat. § 543.19, subds. 1(b) and 3. For the reasons discussed herein, however, the Court finds it appropriate to tr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6bf1724a286445b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 2294, "end": 2306, "quote": "444 U.S. 286", "context": "rvice of process is authorized by the Minnesota long-arm statute. World-Wide Volkswagen v. Woodson, 444 U.S. 286, 100 S.Ct. 559, 62 L.Ed.2d 490 (1980).\nMinnesota’s long-arm statute authorizes personal jurisdictio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "444 U.S. 286", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f20d5d8b0934716", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 2308, "end": 2321, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 559", "context": "ss is authorized by the Minnesota long-arm statute. World-Wide Volkswagen v. Woodson, 444 U.S. 286, 100 S.Ct. 559, 62 L.Ed.2d 490 (1980).\nMinnesota’s long-arm statute authorizes personal jurisdiction over foreign ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 559", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07ad44274b6b3bcc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 2323, "end": 2337, "quote": "62 L.Ed.2d 490", "context": "d by the Minnesota long-arm statute. World-Wide Volkswagen v. Woodson, 444 U.S. 286, 100 S.Ct. 559, 62 L.Ed.2d 490 (1980).\nMinnesota’s long-arm statute authorizes personal jurisdiction over foreign corporations whi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "62 L. Ed. 2d 490", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70ea740242136e68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 2488, "end": 2496, "quote": "§ 543.19", "context": "rsonal jurisdiction over foreign corporations which transact business within this state. Minn.Stat. § 543.19, subd. 1(b) provides:\nPersonal jurisdiction over non-residents. Subdivision 1. As to a cause of act", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c541d874185b75e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 3214, "end": 3222, "quote": "§ 543.19", "context": "inst a defendant in an action in which jurisdiction over him is based upon this section.\nMinn.Stat. § 543.19, subd. 3. A literal reading and application of this nexus requirement would clearly defeat personal", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "edc9758a7f9e7ceb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 3917, "end": 3929, "quote": "466 U.S. 408", "context": "tacts between the state and the defendant corporation. Helicopteros Nacionales de Columbia v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408, 104 S.Ct. 1868, 80 L.Ed.2d 404 (1984). One issue before the Court is whether the explicit nexus re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "466 U.S. 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d3215af1628f54aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 3931, "end": 3945, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 1868", "context": "the state and the defendant corporation. Helicopteros Nacionales de Columbia v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408, 104 S.Ct. 1868, 80 L.Ed.2d 404 (1984). One issue before the Court is whether the explicit nexus requirement of Min", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 1868", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0791d302357fff3b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 3947, "end": 3961, "quote": "80 L.Ed.2d 404", "context": "e defendant corporation. Helicopteros Nacionales de Columbia v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408, 104 S.Ct. 1868, 80 L.Ed.2d 404 (1984). One issue before the Court is whether the explicit nexus requirement of Minn.Stat. § 543.19", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 L. Ed. 2d 404", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc649988964d88a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 4053, "end": 4061, "quote": "§ 543.19", "context": "d.2d 404 (1984). One issue before the Court is whether the explicit nexus requirement of Minn.Stat. § 543.19, subd. 3 limits the reach of the Minnesota long-arm statute somewhere short of the maximum permitte", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3879c01933d19857", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 4817, "end": 4830, "quote": "297 Minn. 181", "context": "ir and reasonable that defendant appear in the forum.\nIn Franklin Mfg. Co. v. Union Pacific R. Co., 297 Minn. 181, 210 N.W.2d 227 (1973), a Minnesota corporation sued a foreign railroad company for damages resulti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "297 Minn. 181", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84dd0ba4baefd4a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 4832, "end": 4846, "quote": "210 N.W.2d 227", "context": "le that defendant appear in the forum.\nIn Franklin Mfg. Co. v. Union Pacific R. Co., 297 Minn. 181, 210 N.W.2d 227 (1973), a Minnesota corporation sued a foreign railroad company for damages resulting from the misr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "210 N.W.2d 227", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "280d4a538cddb269", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 5691, "end": 5701, "quote": "Id. at 184", "context": " this state from taking jurisdiction, provided the other factors weigh sufficiently in favor of it.\nId. at 184, 210 N.W.2d at 230.\nSimilarly, in Northwestern National Bank of St. Paul v. Kratt, 303 Minn. 256, 2", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "44296f5d7fcab67c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 5703, "end": 5720, "quote": "210 N.W.2d at 230", "context": "from taking jurisdiction, provided the other factors weigh sufficiently in favor of it.\nId. at 184, 210 N.W.2d at 230.\nSimilarly, in Northwestern National Bank of St. Paul v. Kratt, 303 Minn. 256, 226 N.W.2d 910 (1975", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "210 N.W.2d 227", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f93d709cd2ba9bf2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 5785, "end": 5798, "quote": "303 Minn. 256", "context": "f it.\nId. at 184, 210 N.W.2d at 230.\nSimilarly, in Northwestern National Bank of St. Paul v. Kratt, 303 Minn. 256, 226 N.W.2d 910 (1975), the court held that an Illinois guarantor who had guaranteed a loan made by", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "303 Minn. 256", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b276d3080ae4598e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 5800, "end": 5814, "quote": "226 N.W.2d 910", "context": "4, 210 N.W.2d at 230.\nSimilarly, in Northwestern National Bank of St. Paul v. Kratt, 303 Minn. 256, 226 N.W.2d 910 (1975), the court held that an Illinois guarantor who had guaranteed a loan made by a Minnesota ban", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "226 N.W.2d 910", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a91e239d328a023", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 6004, "end": 6024, "quote": "Minn. Stat. § 543.19", "context": "nesota bank on property in Minnesota had transacted business within the state sufficient to satisfy Minn. Stat. § 543.19, subds. 1(b) and 3, notwithstanding that his Minnesota business transactions did not, in the strict", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Minn. Stat. § 543.19", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7682250f4099eaa8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 6592, "end": 6608, "quote": "303 Minn. at 261", "context": " of the guaranty itself, construes the statute more strictly than was intended by the legislature.” 303 Minn. at 261, 226 N.W.2d at 914.\nIn Hardrives, Inc. v. City of LaCrosse, 307 Minn. 290, 240 N.W.2d 814, (1976), ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "303 Minn. 256", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0cd4f8498dff2e34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 6610, "end": 6627, "quote": "226 N.W.2d at 914", "context": "tself, construes the statute more strictly than was intended by the legislature.” 303 Minn. at 261, 226 N.W.2d at 914.\nIn Hardrives, Inc. v. City of LaCrosse, 307 Minn. 290, 240 N.W.2d 814, (1976), the court held that", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "226 N.W.2d 910", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d47dbf93994c2452", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 6669, "end": 6682, "quote": "307 Minn. 290", "context": "d by the legislature.” 303 Minn. at 261, 226 N.W.2d at 914.\nIn Hardrives, Inc. v. City of LaCrosse, 307 Minn. 290, 240 N.W.2d 814, (1976), the court held that “where contacts are substantial with respect both to q", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "307 Minn. 290", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ef63fc0a29a1edc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 6684, "end": 6698, "quote": "240 N.W.2d 814", "context": "ature.” 303 Minn. at 261, 226 N.W.2d at 914.\nIn Hardrives, Inc. v. City of LaCrosse, 307 Minn. 290, 240 N.W.2d 814, (1976), the court held that “where contacts are substantial with respect both to quantity and qual", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "240 N.W.2d 814", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82eba43fcbc952a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 6883, "end": 6893, "quote": "Id. at 298", "context": "antity and quality, it is not essential to find that they are also related to the cause of action.” Id. at 298, 240 N.W.2d at 819. The Court also concluded, however, that plaintiff’s cause of action arose “at l", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "219fa6e383f75f09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 6895, "end": 6912, "quote": "240 N.W.2d at 819", "context": "uality, it is not essential to find that they are also related to the cause of action.” Id. at 298, 240 N.W.2d at 819. The Court also concluded, however, that plaintiff’s cause of action arose “at least in part out of", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "240 N.W.2d 814", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e31399fe1e654c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 7051, "end": 7054, "quote": "Id.", "context": "at plaintiff’s cause of action arose “at least in part out of defendant’s contacts with the state.” Id.\nIn Marquette National Bank v. Norris, 270 N.W.2d 290 (Minn.1978), the court went so far as to state", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "240 N.W.2d 814", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f83643f1526c0ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 7093, "end": 7107, "quote": "270 N.W.2d 290", "context": "east in part out of defendant’s contacts with the state.” Id.\nIn Marquette National Bank v. Norris, 270 N.W.2d 290 (Minn.1978), the court went so far as to state that “where § 543.19, subd. 1(b) is concerned, the s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "270 N.W.2d 290", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a03ef454887eacfd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 7167, "end": 7175, "quote": "§ 543.19", "context": " National Bank v. Norris, 270 N.W.2d 290 (Minn.1978), the court went so far as to state that “where § 543.19, subd. 1(b) is concerned, the statutory and constitutional requirements for exercise of personal ju", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d995f94e2213800d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 7304, "end": 7314, "quote": "Id. at 291", "context": "e statutory and constitutional requirements for exercise of personal jurisdiction are coextensive.” Id. at 291.\nMost recently, in Rostad v. On-Deck, 372 N.W.2d 717 (Minn.), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 1006, 106 S.Ct", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1de992942ca5dbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 7353, "end": 7367, "quote": "372 N.W.2d 717", "context": "xercise of personal jurisdiction are coextensive.” Id. at 291.\nMost recently, in Rostad v. On-Deck, 372 N.W.2d 717 (Minn.), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 1006, 106 S.Ct. 528, 88 L.Ed.2d 460 (1985), the court held that Min", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 N.W.2d 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77ccf351fb3afc66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 7391, "end": 7404, "quote": "474 U.S. 1006", "context": "oextensive.” Id. at 291.\nMost recently, in Rostad v. On-Deck, 372 N.W.2d 717 (Minn.), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 1006, 106 S.Ct. 528, 88 L.Ed.2d 460 (1985), the court held that Minnesota can exercise personal jurisdic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "474 U.S. 1006", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01d06c6c18197fbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 7406, "end": 7419, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 528", "context": ". at 291.\nMost recently, in Rostad v. On-Deck, 372 N.W.2d 717 (Minn.), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 1006, 106 S.Ct. 528, 88 L.Ed.2d 460 (1985), the court held that Minnesota can exercise personal jurisdiction over a for", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 528", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bc92b9e32374738", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 7421, "end": 7435, "quote": "88 L.Ed.2d 460", "context": "recently, in Rostad v. On-Deck, 372 N.W.2d 717 (Minn.), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 1006, 106 S.Ct. 528, 88 L.Ed.2d 460 (1985), the court held that Minnesota can exercise personal jurisdiction over a foreign corporation", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 L. Ed. 2d 460", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b70ba2b5a3ece4ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 7888, "end": 7898, "quote": "Id. at 719", "context": "ntended the long arm statute to have the maximum extraterritorial effect allowed under due process. Id. at 719.\nWhile these cases, collectively, counsel in favor of asserting jurisdiction, the Court is troubled", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "762dee532b7c6737", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 8205, "end": 8217, "quote": "466 U.S. at ", "context": "neral jurisdiction. The Texas Supreme Court did precisely this in the case underlying Helicopteros, 466 U.S. at 413 n. 7, 104 S.Ct. at 1871-72 n. 7.\nEqually disturbing is the fact that when the Minnesota legislat", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "466 U.S. 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03c86067939b1478", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 8227, "end": 8240, "quote": "104 S.Ct. at ", "context": "e Texas Supreme Court did precisely this in the case underlying Helicopteros, 466 U.S. at 413 n. 7, 104 S.Ct. at 1871-72 n. 7.\nEqually disturbing is the fact that when the Minnesota legislature revised section 543", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 1868", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2dfe0e9b8416ac8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 8329, "end": 8343, "quote": "section 543.19", "context": "4 S.Ct. at 1871-72 n. 7.\nEqually disturbing is the fact that when the Minnesota legislature revised section 543.19 in 1978, it choose to retain the subdivision 3 nexus requirement, notwithstanding that the legislat", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3ae0ae68db6986c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 8784, "end": 8798, "quote": "389 N.W.2d 224", "context": "cisions have relied upon the nexus requirement to decline personal jurisdiction. Curry v. McIntosh, 389 N.W.2d 224 (Minn.Ct.App.1986); Hanson v. John Blue, 389 N.W.2d 523 (Minn.Ct.App.1986); Waite v. Waite, 367 N.W", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "389 N.W.2d 224", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91a5b60dde758701", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 8840, "end": 8854, "quote": "389 N.W.2d 523", "context": "e personal jurisdiction. Curry v. McIntosh, 389 N.W.2d 224 (Minn.Ct.App.1986); Hanson v. John Blue, 389 N.W.2d 523 (Minn.Ct.App.1986); Waite v. Waite, 367 N.W.2d 679 (Minn.Ct.App.1985). Judges in this district have", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "389 N.W.2d 523", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "abd206ea1ea9ce39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 8891, "end": 8905, "quote": "367 N.W.2d 679", "context": ".2d 224 (Minn.Ct.App.1986); Hanson v. John Blue, 389 N.W.2d 523 (Minn.Ct.App.1986); Waite v. Waite, 367 N.W.2d 679 (Minn.Ct.App.1985). Judges in this district have done the same. Larson v. Assoc. of Apartment Owner", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "367 N.W.2d 679", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e3cf95ba91e9482", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 9026, "end": 9041, "quote": "606 F.Supp. 579", "context": "Judges in this district have done the same. Larson v. Assoc. of Apartment Owners of Lahaina Shores, 606 F.Supp. 579 (D.Minn.1985); Collyard v. Washington Capitals, 477 F.Supp. 1247 (D.Minn.1979). These state and fed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "606 F. Supp. 579", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_606/0579_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d49bff6738b5472a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 9090, "end": 9106, "quote": "477 F.Supp. 1247", "context": "Apartment Owners of Lahaina Shores, 606 F.Supp. 579 (D.Minn.1985); Collyard v. Washington Capitals, 477 F.Supp. 1247 (D.Minn.1979). These state and federal decisions are all to some degree distinguishable; in each ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 F. Supp. 1247", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_477/1247_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6bdb21a8efcdbf5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 9412, "end": 9428, "quote": "405 F.Supp. 1338", "context": "ts. Such contacts are conceded by defendant in the instant case.\nEven Tunnell v. Doelger & Kirsten, 405 F.Supp. 1338 (D.Minn.1976), which is unique among federal decisions in expressly relying on subdivision 3 alone ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "405 F. Supp. 1338", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_405/1338_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c75d87e0a5107bf0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 9850, "end": 9862, "quote": "765 F.2d 114", "context": "Minnesota statute’s nexus requirement. However, in Precision Construction Co. v. J.A. Slattery Co., 765 F.2d 114, 119 (8th Cir.1985), a case applying Missouri law, the Court noted in dicta that the nexus requirem", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "765 F.2d 114", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_765/0114_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ed01343ffa9fe44e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 10052, "end": 10061, "quote": "section 2", "context": "s requirement is not only a primary consideration in evaluating due process but also is required by section 2 of the Missouri long-arm statute, R.S.Mo. § 506.500(2). Section 2 of the Missouri statute is identi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2309c2b240dfacb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 10104, "end": 10116, "quote": "§ 506.500(2)", "context": " evaluating due process but also is required by section 2 of the Missouri long-arm statute, R.S.Mo. § 506.500(2). Section 2 of the Missouri statute is identical to subdivision 3 of the Minnesota statute.\nIn the f", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8be59e2ff6356544", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 10118, "end": 10127, "quote": "Section 2", "context": "e process but also is required by section 2 of the Missouri long-arm statute, R.S.Mo. § 506.500(2). Section 2 of the Missouri statute is identical to subdivision 3 of the Minnesota statute.\nIn the final analys", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4ca5dcbe48e157f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 10495, "end": 10509, "quote": "397 N.W.2d 391", "context": "with constitutional due process requirements is an unresolved question of state law. Busch v. Mann, 397 N.W.2d 391 (Minn.Ct.App.1986) (noting but not resolving the issue); Medtronic v. Mine Safety Appliances, 468 F", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "397 N.W.2d 391", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1fac6465d65180cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 10604, "end": 10620, "quote": "468 F.Supp. 1132", "context": "d 391 (Minn.Ct.App.1986) (noting but not resolving the issue); Medtronic v. Mine Safety Appliances, 468 F.Supp. 1132, 1134 (D.Minn.1979) (noting the issue but avoiding decision by deciding that plaintiff’s cause of a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "468 F. Supp. 1132", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_468/1132_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3fb4f04d77577bd5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 11775, "end": 11787, "quote": "483 F.2d 594", "context": " from the transaction of business in Minnesota.\" B & J Manufacturing Co. v. Solar Industries, Inc., 483 F.2d 594, 598 (8th Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 918, 94 S.Ct. 1417, 39 L.Ed.2d 473 (1974). This proposi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "483 F.2d 594", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_483/0594_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "26f56b932a57368c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 11823, "end": 11835, "quote": "415 U.S. 918", "context": " B & J Manufacturing Co. v. Solar Industries, Inc., 483 F.2d 594, 598 (8th Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 918, 94 S.Ct. 1417, 39 L.Ed.2d 473 (1974). This proposition is consistent with the repeated observation", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "415 U.S. 918", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f34c38774dd1992", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 11837, "end": 11850, "quote": "94 S.Ct. 1417", "context": "turing Co. v. Solar Industries, Inc., 483 F.2d 594, 598 (8th Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 918, 94 S.Ct. 1417, 39 L.Ed.2d 473 (1974). This proposition is consistent with the repeated observation in Minnesota S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 S. Ct. 1417", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c72556561ee09793", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 11852, "end": 11866, "quote": "39 L.Ed.2d 473", "context": "olar Industries, Inc., 483 F.2d 594, 598 (8th Cir.1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 918, 94 S.Ct. 1417, 39 L.Ed.2d 473 (1974). This proposition is consistent with the repeated observation in Minnesota Supreme Court dec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 L. Ed. 2d 473", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88eedabc34bc8485", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12111, "end": 12128, "quote": "372 N.W.2d at 719", "context": " to have the maximum extraterritorial effect allowed under due process. See e.g. Rostad v. On-Deck, 372 N.W.2d at 719; Hunt v. Nevada State Bank, 285 Minn. 77, 96, 172 N.W.2d 292, 304 (1969), cert. denied, 397 U.S. 10", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "372 N.W.2d 717", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d97fa8cdfcd837f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12157, "end": 12169, "quote": "285 Minn. 77", "context": "llowed under due process. See e.g. Rostad v. On-Deck, 372 N.W.2d at 719; Hunt v. Nevada State Bank, 285 Minn. 77, 96, 172 N.W.2d 292, 304 (1969), cert. denied, 397 U.S. 1010, 90 S.Ct. 1239, 25 L.Ed.2d 423 (1970);", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "285 Minn. 77", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "721e2d0b511465ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12175, "end": 12189, "quote": "172 N.W.2d 292", "context": "rocess. See e.g. Rostad v. On-Deck, 372 N.W.2d at 719; Hunt v. Nevada State Bank, 285 Minn. 77, 96, 172 N.W.2d 292, 304 (1969), cert. denied, 397 U.S. 1010, 90 S.Ct. 1239, 25 L.Ed.2d 423 (1970); Hardrives, 307 Minn", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "172 N.W.2d 292", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c0b7c6c729079751", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12217, "end": 12230, "quote": "397 U.S. 1010", "context": "W.2d at 719; Hunt v. Nevada State Bank, 285 Minn. 77, 96, 172 N.W.2d 292, 304 (1969), cert. denied, 397 U.S. 1010, 90 S.Ct. 1239, 25 L.Ed.2d 423 (1970); Hardrives, 307 Minn. at 296, 240 N.W.2d at 819.\nThere is no ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "397 U.S. 1010", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bde3b9f1ff2e7b9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12232, "end": 12245, "quote": "90 S.Ct. 1239", "context": "nt v. Nevada State Bank, 285 Minn. 77, 96, 172 N.W.2d 292, 304 (1969), cert. denied, 397 U.S. 1010, 90 S.Ct. 1239, 25 L.Ed.2d 423 (1970); Hardrives, 307 Minn. at 296, 240 N.W.2d at 819.\nThere is no precise standar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 S. Ct. 1239", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3478dce7144531db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12247, "end": 12261, "quote": "25 L.Ed.2d 423", "context": "ate Bank, 285 Minn. 77, 96, 172 N.W.2d 292, 304 (1969), cert. denied, 397 U.S. 1010, 90 S.Ct. 1239, 25 L.Ed.2d 423 (1970); Hardrives, 307 Minn. at 296, 240 N.W.2d at 819.\nThere is no precise standard to be used in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 L. Ed. 2d 423", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29fb4352c71ae7e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12281, "end": 12297, "quote": "307 Minn. at 296", "context": "W.2d 292, 304 (1969), cert. denied, 397 U.S. 1010, 90 S.Ct. 1239, 25 L.Ed.2d 423 (1970); Hardrives, 307 Minn. at 296, 240 N.W.2d at 819.\nThere is no precise standard to be used in determining whether a cause of actio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "307 Minn. 290", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3955b19ebb09dc4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12299, "end": 12316, "quote": "240 N.W.2d at 819", "context": "9), cert. denied, 397 U.S. 1010, 90 S.Ct. 1239, 25 L.Ed.2d 423 (1970); Hardrives, 307 Minn. at 296, 240 N.W.2d at 819.\nThere is no precise standard to be used in determining whether a cause of action has arisen from t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "240 N.W.2d 814", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9bd6ea2133547dec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12468, "end": 12487, "quote": "468 F.Supp. at 1144", "context": "ning whether a cause of action has arisen from the transaction of business in Minnesota. Medtronic, 468 F.Supp. at 1144. For guidance, Medtronic cited an Illinois case interpreting that state’s long arm-statute, which w", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "468 F. Supp. 1132", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_468/1132_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "96d95d438f920351", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12658, "end": 12675, "quote": "73 Ill.App.2d 242", "context": "e’s long arm-statute, which was the model for Minnesota’s statute. Koplin v. Thomsas, Haab & Botts, 73 Ill.App.2d 242, 219 N.E. 2d 646 (1966). According to Koplin, the purpose of the nexus requirement\nis to insure tha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 Ill. App. 2d 242", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-2d/volume_73/0242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "27c1cbec57c81e66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 12677, "end": 12692, "quote": "219 N.E. 2d 646", "context": "e, which was the model for Minnesota’s statute. Koplin v. Thomsas, Haab & Botts, 73 Ill.App.2d 242, 219 N.E. 2d 646 (1966). According to Koplin, the purpose of the nexus requirement\nis to insure that there is a clos", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "219 N.E.2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8a2d38dc4f437be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 13141, "end": 13164, "quote": "73 Ill.App.2d at 252-53", "context": "the commercial activities by which the defendant submitted to the jurisdiction of Illinois’ courts.\n73 Ill.App.2d at 252-53, 219 N.E.2d at 651 (emphasis added) (citations omitted).\nPlaintiff’s complaint alleges only that de", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "73 Ill. App. 2d 242", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-2d/volume_73/0242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "65475a82a82ad605", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 13166, "end": 13183, "quote": "219 N.E.2d at 651", "context": " by which the defendant submitted to the jurisdiction of Illinois’ courts.\n73 Ill.App.2d at 252-53, 219 N.E.2d at 651 (emphasis added) (citations omitted).\nPlaintiff’s complaint alleges only that defendant engaged in ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "219 N.E.2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34a2711c334f8483", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 15109, "end": 15123, "quote": "240 N.W.2d 814", "context": "the nexus requirement and establish jurisdiction under Minnesota’s long-arm statute. See Hardrives, 240 N.W.2d 814, 818-19 (Minn.1976).\nIn Hardrives, plaintiffs alleged breach of contract and tort claims relating t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "240 N.W.2d 814", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b303146644d2a4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 15769, "end": 15789, "quote": "73 Ill.App.2d at 253", "context": "l activities by which the defendant submitted to the jurisdiction of [Minnesota’s] courts.” Koplin, 73 Ill.App.2d at 253, 219 N.E.2d at 651.\nAssuming that Searle’s activity within Minnesota is embraced within the wording", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "73 Ill. App. 2d 242", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-2d/volume_73/0242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6255e0c34ecbd782", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 15791, "end": 15808, "quote": "219 N.E.2d at 651", "context": "the defendant submitted to the jurisdiction of [Minnesota’s] courts.” Koplin, 73 Ill.App.2d at 253, 219 N.E.2d at 651.\nAssuming that Searle’s activity within Minnesota is embraced within the wording of the long-arm st", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "219 N.E.2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de355862a72b851f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 16061, "end": 16076, "quote": "765 F.2d at 115", "context": " asserting jurisdiction comports with due process. Precision Construction Co. v. J.A. Slattery Co., 765 F.2d at 115. This question is easily resolved in the affirmative as defendant concedes the requisite minimum co", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "765 F.2d 114", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_765/0114_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "40924adfb51d033c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 16487, "end": 16503, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "context": "transfer the matter to the appropriate federal district court in the state of New York, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a).\n3. Transfer of this action is appropriate under 28 U.S.C. § ljOJfa)\nAlthough Minnesota has pers", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f241f46a32272999", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 16497, "end": 16506, "quote": "§ 1404(a)", "context": "he matter to the appropriate federal district court in the state of New York, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a).\n3. Transfer of this action is appropriate under 28 U.S.C. § ljOJfa)\nAlthough Minnesota has persona", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac49dae95228eda1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 16566, "end": 16567, "quote": "§", "context": "ew York, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a).\n3. Transfer of this action is appropriate under 28 U.S.C. § ljOJfa)\nAlthough Minnesota has personal jurisdiction over defendant in this action, the case is far", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b59fa60b1baf1665", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 17299, "end": 17315, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "context": "ntiff had her Cu-7 removed in New York not Minnesota.\nRedress for this situation is provided for by 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a), which provides:\nFor the convenience of the parties and witnesses, in the interest of justice, a", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07d62a2b17458a47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 17309, "end": 17318, "quote": "§ 1404(a)", "context": "her Cu-7 removed in New York not Minnesota.\nRedress for this situation is provided for by 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a), which provides:\nFor the convenience of the parties and witnesses, in the interest of justice, a di", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9b7fbc8ea717d80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 17640, "end": 17656, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1391", "context": " well have been brought in the Southern District of New York, the district of plaintiffs residence. 28 U.S.C. § 1391(a). Transfer to the Southern District of New York is clearly warranted in the interest of justice a", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1391", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8d7e1a99206afef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 17650, "end": 17659, "quote": "§ 1391(a)", "context": " been brought in the Southern District of New York, the district of plaintiffs residence. 28 U.S.C. § 1391(a). Transfer to the Southern District of New York is clearly warranted in the interest of justice and ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e234bc7b204fe17a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 18268, "end": 18283, "quote": "506 F.Supp. 695", "context": "ce of these key witnesses is a compelling reason to transfer the case. Monoco v. G.D. Searle & Co., 506 F.Supp. 695, 696 (N.D.Ill.1979). Forcing the defendant to conduct its case by deposition, even videotape deposi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "506 F. Supp. 695", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_506/0695_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "27ff8872a546aba5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 18570, "end": 18582, "quote": "330 U.S. 501", "context": "rence for allowing plaintiff to choose her forum. This is correct. Gulf Oil Corporation v. Gilbert, 330 U.S. 501, 508, 67 S.Ct. 839, 843, 91 L.Ed. 1055 (1947). However, such choice is not given as great a weight ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "330 U.S. 501", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2c63bb107c9098f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 18589, "end": 18601, "quote": "67 S.Ct. 839", "context": "plaintiff to choose her forum. This is correct. Gulf Oil Corporation v. Gilbert, 330 U.S. 501, 508, 67 S.Ct. 839, 843, 91 L.Ed. 1055 (1947). However, such choice is not given as great a weight where, as here, all", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 S. Ct. 839", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ac6f0970b72ca39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 18608, "end": 18621, "quote": "91 L.Ed. 1055", "context": " her forum. This is correct. Gulf Oil Corporation v. Gilbert, 330 U.S. 501, 508, 67 S.Ct. 839, 843, 91 L.Ed. 1055 (1947). However, such choice is not given as great a weight where, as here, all relevant contacts a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 1055", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c327f37c9d7cd64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 18780, "end": 18792, "quote": "403 F.2d 949", "context": "t where, as here, all relevant contacts are with another state. Pacific Car & Foundry Co. v. Pence, 403 F.2d 949, 954 (9th Cir.1968); Banks v. Marine Navigation Sulfur Carriers, Inc., 545 F.Supp. 39 (E.D.Pa.1982)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "403 F.2d 949", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_403/0949_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "db0f34d171fe0946", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 18864, "end": 18878, "quote": "545 F.Supp. 39", "context": "y Co. v. Pence, 403 F.2d 949, 954 (9th Cir.1968); Banks v. Marine Navigation Sulfur Carriers, Inc., 545 F.Supp. 39 (E.D.Pa.1982). See also Bergquist v. Medtronic, Inc., 379 N.W.2d 508 (Minn.1986) (applying forum no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "545 F. Supp. 39", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_545/0039_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e70884fd6f186424", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 18933, "end": 18947, "quote": "379 N.W.2d 508", "context": "igation Sulfur Carriers, Inc., 545 F.Supp. 39 (E.D.Pa.1982). See also Bergquist v. Medtronic, Inc., 379 N.W.2d 508 (Minn.1986) (applying forum noncon-veniens doctrine).\nPlaintiff suggests that Minnesota is by far t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "379 N.W.2d 508", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bdda9c41661708ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 19984, "end": 20000, "quote": "342 F.Supp. 1143", "context": "ctor to be considered in deciding the propriety of transfer. Greyhound Computer Corp. v. IBM Corp., 342 F.Supp. 1143, 1146 (D.Minn.1972).\nMoreover, any suggestion that upon transfer plaintiff will lose the benefit of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "342 F. Supp. 1143", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_342/1143_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b29b297227d14bbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 20973, "end": 20989, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "context": "lack of personal jurisdiction be denied.\nIT IS FURTHER ORDERED that defendant’s motion, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404, to transfer this case be granted. This case shall be transferred to the United States District Cou", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_87/section_1404/title28_sec1404_641e7861df49/1404_change_of_venue_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ff6d0cd02346251", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_683/1271_01/index.html", "start": 21133, "end": 21151, "quote": "Section 506.500(2)", "context": "e shall be transferred to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.\n. Section 506.500(2) of the Missouri Statute provides: \"Only causes of action arising from acts enumerated in this secti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83c2d2b09b34fbc1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 422, "end": 433, "quote": "355 U.S. 41", "context": " doubt that Plaintiff can prove no set of facts that would entitle him to relief. Conley v. Gibson, 355 U.S. 41, 45-46, 78 S.Ct. 99, 102, 2 L.Ed.2d 80 (1957). A trial court, in ruling on a motion to dismiss, is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "355 U.S. 41", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae0d5291eaed16a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 442, "end": 453, "quote": "78 S.Ct. 99", "context": "f can prove no set of facts that would entitle him to relief. Conley v. Gibson, 355 U.S. 41, 45-46, 78 S.Ct. 99, 102, 2 L.Ed.2d 80 (1957). A trial court, in ruling on a motion to dismiss, is required to view the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 S. Ct. 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e21332ad4c61da98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 460, "end": 472, "quote": "2 L.Ed.2d 80", "context": " of facts that would entitle him to relief. Conley v. Gibson, 355 U.S. 41, 45-46, 78 S.Ct. 99, 102, 2 L.Ed.2d 80 (1957). A trial court, in ruling on a motion to dismiss, is required to view the complaint in the l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 L. Ed. 2d 80", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95853bc924f54766", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 629, "end": 641, "quote": "416 U.S. 232", "context": " is required to view the complaint in the light most favorable to the plaintiff. Scheuer v. Rhodes, 416 U.S. 232, 94 S.Ct. 1683, 40 L.Ed.2d 90 (1947).\nThis cause was filed in the state court and removed to this C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "416 U.S. 232", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34165459d26ecfee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 643, "end": 656, "quote": "94 S.Ct. 1683", "context": "o view the complaint in the light most favorable to the plaintiff. Scheuer v. Rhodes, 416 U.S. 232, 94 S.Ct. 1683, 40 L.Ed.2d 90 (1947).\nThis cause was filed in the state court and removed to this Court on March 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 S. Ct. 1683", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59f44bb4269815eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 658, "end": 671, "quote": "40 L.Ed.2d 90", "context": "laint in the light most favorable to the plaintiff. Scheuer v. Rhodes, 416 U.S. 232, 94 S.Ct. 1683, 40 L.Ed.2d 90 (1947).\nThis cause was filed in the state court and removed to this Court on March 10, 1988. Prior ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 L. Ed. 2d 90", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "00e0f1ad84aaa59a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 1023, "end": 1027, "quote": "RICO", "context": "tarily withdrew their second amended complaint. Plaintiffs’ third amended complaint added a Federal RICO action; therefore, the cause was removed to this Court.\nSubsequent to removal, Defendants filed a m", "category": "rico", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ac2c4af32ce7a0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 2543, "end": 2553, "quote": "306 F.2d 9", "context": "c to state a cause of action for invasion of privacy. Santiesteban v. Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., 306 F.2d 9, 11 (5th Cir.1962). The Court grants the motion to dismiss as to this issue.\nThe only change made i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "306 F.2d 9", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_306/0009_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f779fde78e3a476b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 4188, "end": 4202, "quote": "306 F.2d at 11", "context": "ublic in general or to a large number of persons, rather than an individual or a few. Santiesteban, 306 F.2d at 11; 19 Fla.Jur.2d, Defamation and Privacy, sl43. The publication or “publicity” must be to “so many pe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "306 F.2d 9", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_306/0009_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "90d2676422664800", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 4436, "end": 4453, "quote": "335 Pa.Super. 141", "context": "rded as substantially certain to become one of public knowledge.” Harris v. Easton Publishing, Co., 335 Pa.Super. 141, 483 A.2d 1377, 1384 (1984), citing Restatement (Second) of Torts s652D. comment a.\nThe Court, on d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "335 Pa. Super. 141", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0d691df02d65769", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 4455, "end": 4468, "quote": "483 A.2d 1377", "context": "ly certain to become one of public knowledge.” Harris v. Easton Publishing, Co., 335 Pa.Super. 141, 483 A.2d 1377, 1384 (1984), citing Restatement (Second) of Torts s652D. comment a.\nThe Court, on due consideratio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "483 A.2d 1377", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e8569f1ae9fe9094", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 5525, "end": 5539, "quote": "Section 768.72", "context": "k punitive damages in connection with Counts I, IV, V, VII, IX, XI, XII, XIII, and XIV. Pursuant to Section 768.72, Florida Statutes, in a civil action,\n... no claim for punitive damages shall be permitted unless t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74dc282976758a22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 6438, "end": 6445, "quote": "the Act", "context": "2, because all of the dates in the complaint were subsequent to the July 1, 1986, effective date of the Act. As to Counts I, IV, V, VII, and IX the complaint, where the question is addressed, asserts that al", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d05f3db136cb9f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_708/1260_01/index.html", "start": 7977, "end": 7991, "quote": "Section 768.72", "context": "“reasonable showing” providing a “reasonable basis” for recovery of punitive damages as required by Section 768.72, Fla.Stat. The Court finds the motion to dismiss persuasive on this point and cites it with approva", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "149e9117ad763a1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 724, "end": 739, "quote": "25 U.S.C. § 503", "context": "homa has been a federally-recognized tribe since 1937, pursuant to the Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act, 25 U.S.C. § 503. The Texas Band, however, did not gain federal recognition until 1983 when, under the Texas Band of", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "25 U.S.C. § 503", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_25/section_503/title25_sec503_2e748f1e83f9/503_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "899b25378352bc87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 734, "end": 740, "quote": "§ 503.", "context": "een a federally-recognized tribe since 1937, pursuant to the Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act, 25 U.S.C. § 503. The Texas Band, however, did not gain federal recognition until 1983 when, under the Texas Band of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_25/section_503/title25_sec503_2e748f1e83f9/503_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "bac5357c1a7006d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 937, "end": 948, "quote": "§§ 1300b-ll", "context": "of Kickapoo Act, the Band was recognized as a subgroup of the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma. 25 U.S.C. §§ 1300b-ll through 1300b-16.\nDespite their geographic separation, the Oklahoma Tribe and what eventually becam", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "92f546d38ed6ffc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 1277, "end": 1284, "quote": "the Act", "context": " the two groups worked together in urging Congress to pass the Texas Band of Kickapoo Act. Prior to the Act’s passage, the group residing in Texas lived under intolerable living conditions and was ineligible", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2b98ac91dc0f366", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 1413, "end": 1420, "quote": "the Act", "context": "g in Texas lived under intolerable living conditions and was ineligible for federal services. Under the Act, the group gained recognition as American Indians and status as a subgroup of the Oklahoma Tribe, a", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a56b525970a46ea5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 2144, "end": 2154, "quote": "Section 16", "context": " “Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas” to the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) for review pursuant to Section 16 of the Indian Reorganization Act, 25 U.S.C. § 476. On April 20, 1989, however, the Business Committ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68f93b3111b6337f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 2189, "end": 2204, "quote": "25 U.S.C. § 476", "context": " Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) for review pursuant to Section 16 of the Indian Reorganization Act, 25 U.S.C. § 476. On April 20, 1989, however, the Business Committee of the Oklahoma Tribe appointed a new Tradition", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "25 U.S.C. § 476", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_25/section_476/title25_sec476_b188ce6dbfec/476_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e5d32b1145c8f085", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 2199, "end": 2205, "quote": "§ 476.", "context": " Indian Affairs (BIA) for review pursuant to Section 16 of the Indian Reorganization Act, 25 U.S.C. § 476. On April 20, 1989, however, the Business Committee of the Oklahoma Tribe appointed a new Traditiona", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_25/section_476/title25_sec476_b188ce6dbfec/476_transferred_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d96593358c3daf79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 3785, "end": 3802, "quote": "25 C.F.R. § 81.22", "context": "tes against adoption. Two timely challenges to the election were filed pursuant to BIA regulations, 25 C.F.R. § 81.22 (1988), but both were reviewed and denied. On July 7, 1989, the Oklahoma Tribe requested that the B", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "25 C.F.R. § 81.22", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "846293878b9ec344", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 4888, "end": 4900, "quote": "468 U.S. 737", "context": "’s allegedly unlawful conduct and likely to be redressed by the requested relief.” Allen v. Wright, 468 U.S. 737, 751, 104 S.Ct. 3315, 3324, 82 L.Ed.2d 556 reh’g denied, 468 U.S. 1250, 105 S.Ct. 51, 82 L.Ed.2d 94", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "468 U.S. 737", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a01d3854251f2ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 4907, "end": 4921, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 3315", "context": "ul conduct and likely to be redressed by the requested relief.” Allen v. Wright, 468 U.S. 737, 751, 104 S.Ct. 3315, 3324, 82 L.Ed.2d 556 reh’g denied, 468 U.S. 1250, 105 S.Ct. 51, 82 L.Ed.2d 942 (1984). In addition", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 3315", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c4cc509afd8a754", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 4929, "end": 4943, "quote": "82 L.Ed.2d 556", "context": "to be redressed by the requested relief.” Allen v. Wright, 468 U.S. 737, 751, 104 S.Ct. 3315, 3324, 82 L.Ed.2d 556 reh’g denied, 468 U.S. 1250, 105 S.Ct. 51, 82 L.Ed.2d 942 (1984). In addition to the constitutional", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 L. Ed. 2d 556", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "893048b683874779", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 4958, "end": 4971, "quote": "468 U.S. 1250", "context": "ted relief.” Allen v. Wright, 468 U.S. 737, 751, 104 S.Ct. 3315, 3324, 82 L.Ed.2d 556 reh’g denied, 468 U.S. 1250, 105 S.Ct. 51, 82 L.Ed.2d 942 (1984). In addition to the constitutional requirements, there are cer", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "468 U.S. 1250", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c1d1b07f22cacf4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 4973, "end": 4985, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 51", "context": "len v. Wright, 468 U.S. 737, 751, 104 S.Ct. 3315, 3324, 82 L.Ed.2d 556 reh’g denied, 468 U.S. 1250, 105 S.Ct. 51, 82 L.Ed.2d 942 (1984). In addition to the constitutional requirements, there are certain prudentia", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 51", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e00438bfd4635fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 4987, "end": 5001, "quote": "82 L.Ed.2d 942", "context": " 468 U.S. 737, 751, 104 S.Ct. 3315, 3324, 82 L.Ed.2d 556 reh’g denied, 468 U.S. 1250, 105 S.Ct. 51, 82 L.Ed.2d 942 (1984). In addition to the constitutional requirements, there are certain prudential considerations", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 L. Ed. 2d 942", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9f8ea235493c1f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 5237, "end": 5249, "quote": "454 U.S. 464", "context": "d. See Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Inc., 454 U.S. 464, 474, 102 S.Ct. 752, 759, 70 L.Ed.2d 700 (1982). Among these prudential concerns, the Supreme Court", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "454 U.S. 464", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "642fbca449b4cccf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 5256, "end": 5269, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 752", "context": " Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Inc., 454 U.S. 464, 474, 102 S.Ct. 752, 759, 70 L.Ed.2d 700 (1982). Among these prudential concerns, the Supreme Court has required “that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 752", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da4eb74d9954a682", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 5276, "end": 5290, "quote": "70 L.Ed.2d 700", "context": ". Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Inc., 454 U.S. 464, 474, 102 S.Ct. 752, 759, 70 L.Ed.2d 700 (1982). Among these prudential concerns, the Supreme Court has required “that the plaintiff’s compl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 L. Ed. 2d 700", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65cb849d3bc3569e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 5518, "end": 5528, "quote": "Id. at 475", "context": "f interests to be protected or regulated by the statute or constitutional guarantee in question.’ ” Id. at 475, 102 S.Ct. at 760 (citing Association of Data Processing Service Orgs. v. Camp, 397 U.S. 150, 153, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cfd45100538796d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 5530, "end": 5543, "quote": "102 S.Ct. at ", "context": "to be protected or regulated by the statute or constitutional guarantee in question.’ ” Id. at 475, 102 S.Ct. at 760 (citing Association of Data Processing Service Orgs. v. Camp, 397 U.S. 150, 153, 90 S.Ct. 827, 8", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 752", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4d407cfbc524787", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 5609, "end": 5621, "quote": "397 U.S. 150", "context": "tion.’ ” Id. at 475, 102 S.Ct. at 760 (citing Association of Data Processing Service Orgs. v. Camp, 397 U.S. 150, 153, 90 S.Ct. 827, 830, 25 L.Ed.2d 184 (1970)). This prudential concern “remains a firm requiremen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "397 U.S. 150", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4cec3da8d5cd4be2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 5628, "end": 5640, "quote": "90 S.Ct. 827", "context": ", 102 S.Ct. at 760 (citing Association of Data Processing Service Orgs. v. Camp, 397 U.S. 150, 153, 90 S.Ct. 827, 830, 25 L.Ed.2d 184 (1970)). This prudential concern “remains a firm requirement of the law of thi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 S. Ct. 827", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac0fd247dd9f499d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 5647, "end": 5661, "quote": "25 L.Ed.2d 184", "context": "(citing Association of Data Processing Service Orgs. v. Camp, 397 U.S. 150, 153, 90 S.Ct. 827, 830, 25 L.Ed.2d 184 (1970)). This prudential concern “remains a firm requirement of the law of this circuit,” Autolog C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 L. Ed. 2d 184", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d5253a0ef06b7dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 5776, "end": 5787, "quote": "731 F.2d 25", "context": "prudential concern “remains a firm requirement of the law of this circuit,” Autolog Corp. v. Regan, 731 F.2d 25, 29 (D.C.Cir.1984), and “ ‘seeks to exclude those plaintiffs whose suits are more likely to frustra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "731 F.2d 25", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_731/0025_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "18b5fadb92f539db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6003, "end": 6015, "quote": "891 F.2d 304", "context": "er statutory objectives.’ ” American Postal Workers Union, AFL-CIO v. United States Postal Service, 891 F.2d 304, 310 (D.C.Cir.1989) (citing Clarke v. Securities Industry Association, 479 U.S. 388, 397 n. 12, 107", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "891 F.2d 304", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_891/0304_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6dc1c41c1c50cebd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6087, "end": 6099, "quote": "479 U.S. 388", "context": "Postal Service, 891 F.2d 304, 310 (D.C.Cir.1989) (citing Clarke v. Securities Industry Association, 479 U.S. 388, 397 n. 12, 107 S.Ct. 750, 756, n. 12, 93 L.Ed.2d 757 (1987)). The Court finds that the Oklahoma Tr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "479 U.S. 388", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fda27a7926e3209a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6112, "end": 6125, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 750", "context": "304, 310 (D.C.Cir.1989) (citing Clarke v. Securities Industry Association, 479 U.S. 388, 397 n. 12, 107 S.Ct. 750, 756, n. 12, 93 L.Ed.2d 757 (1987)). The Court finds that the Oklahoma Tribe’s complaint does not f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 750", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b622ba5fee9875c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6139, "end": 6153, "quote": "93 L.Ed.2d 757", "context": "ting Clarke v. Securities Industry Association, 479 U.S. 388, 397 n. 12, 107 S.Ct. 750, 756, n. 12, 93 L.Ed.2d 757 (1987)). The Court finds that the Oklahoma Tribe’s complaint does not fall within the zone of inter", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 2d 757", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e16d195364fd0df3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6363, "end": 6367, "quote": "§ 16", "context": "cted by Congress in passing the relevant statutes.\nIn the Texas Band of Kickapoo Act, Congress made § 16 of the Indian Reorganization Act applicable to the Texas Band. 25 U.S.C.A. § 1300b-14(a). Under § 1", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4da974e6c9b1438", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6431, "end": 6456, "quote": "25 U.S.C.A. § 1300b-14(a)", "context": " of Kickapoo Act, Congress made § 16 of the Indian Reorganization Act applicable to the Texas Band. 25 U.S.C.A. § 1300b-14(a). Under § 16, tribes are given the option to reorganize their tribal governments by adopting new tri", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e1504fe9d181171", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6464, "end": 6468, "quote": "§ 16", "context": " 16 of the Indian Reorganization Act applicable to the Texas Band. 25 U.S.C.A. § 1300b-14(a). Under § 16, tribes are given the option to reorganize their tribal governments by adopting new tribal constitu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a302958f7452867f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6575, "end": 6592, "quote": "25 U.S.C.A. § 476", "context": "s are given the option to reorganize their tribal governments by adopting new tribal constitutions. 25 U.S.C.A. § 476. In 1988, Congress amended § 16 and provided: “Actions to enforce the provisions of this section ma", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "25 U.S.C. § 476", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0085ac2552d822bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6587, "end": 6593, "quote": "§ 476.", "context": "the option to reorganize their tribal governments by adopting new tribal constitutions. 25 U.S.C.A. § 476. In 1988, Congress amended § 16 and provided: “Actions to enforce the provisions of this section may", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2509a977adb60b69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6620, "end": 6624, "quote": "§ 16", "context": "ibal governments by adopting new tribal constitutions. 25 U.S.C.A. § 476. In 1988, Congress amended § 16 and provided: “Actions to enforce the provisions of this section may be brought in the appropriate ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c2f5747858357c9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 6749, "end": 6772, "quote": "25 U.S.C.A. § 476(d)(2)", "context": "o enforce the provisions of this section may be brought in the appropriate Federal district court.” 25 U.S.C.A. § 476(d)(2). By enacting this provision, Congress consciously waived the United States’ sovereign immunity and ", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "275f48669e1e6c98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 7124, "end": 7137, "quote": "715 F.2d 1156", "context": " of such consent must be scrupulously followed.” Coleman v. United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, 715 F.2d 1156, 1161 (7th Cir.1983). Thus, Congress may prescribe the specific procedures to be followed, the spec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 F.2d 1156", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_715/1156_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa36b03bdd508d1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 7778, "end": 7790, "quote": "405 U.S. 727", "context": "r the statute in question authorizes review at the behest of the plaintiff.” Sierra Club v. Morton, 405 U.S. 727, 732, 92 S.Ct. 1361, 1364, 31 L.Ed.2d 636 (1972). Although the statute reads merely “[ajctions ... ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "405 U.S. 727", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "031df7d51c4d4e87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 7797, "end": 7810, "quote": "92 S.Ct. 1361", "context": "estion authorizes review at the behest of the plaintiff.” Sierra Club v. Morton, 405 U.S. 727, 732, 92 S.Ct. 1361, 1364, 31 L.Ed.2d 636 (1972). Although the statute reads merely “[ajctions ... may be brought_”, an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 S. Ct. 1361", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eef6f23eb4b53b17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 7818, "end": 7832, "quote": "31 L.Ed.2d 636", "context": "iew at the behest of the plaintiff.” Sierra Club v. Morton, 405 U.S. 727, 732, 92 S.Ct. 1361, 1364, 31 L.Ed.2d 636 (1972). Although the statute reads merely “[ajctions ... may be brought_”, and is unclear on its fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "31 L. Ed. 2d 636", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc6ccd5d51630d96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 9796, "end": 9808, "quote": "411 U.S. 145", "context": "4), and “to disentangle the tribes from the official bureaucracy.” Mescalero Agache Tribe v. Jones, 411 U.S. 145, 153, 93 S.Ct. 1267, 1273, 36 L.Ed.2d 114 (1973). Thus, this construction would be so “inconsistent", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "411 U.S. 145", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4d2d3c000da912b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 9815, "end": 9828, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 1267", "context": "ngle the tribes from the official bureaucracy.” Mescalero Agache Tribe v. Jones, 411 U.S. 145, 153, 93 S.Ct. 1267, 1273, 36 L.Ed.2d 114 (1973). Thus, this construction would be so “inconsistent with the purposes i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 1267", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24f68f00e906c873", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 9836, "end": 9850, "quote": "36 L.Ed.2d 114", "context": "the official bureaucracy.” Mescalero Agache Tribe v. Jones, 411 U.S. 145, 153, 93 S.Ct. 1267, 1273, 36 L.Ed.2d 114 (1973). Thus, this construction would be so “inconsistent with the purposes implicit in the statute", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 L. Ed. 2d 114", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ac088dc5616fa34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 10040, "end": 10055, "quote": "479 U.S. at 399", "context": "he statute that it cannot reasonably be assumed that Congress intended to permit the suit.” Clarke, 479 U.S. at 399, 107 S.Ct. at 757.\nThe Court does not deny that the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma has an interest in t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "479 U.S. 388", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d7070b7c06c4fc1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 10057, "end": 10073, "quote": "107 S.Ct. at 757", "context": "t cannot reasonably be assumed that Congress intended to permit the suit.” Clarke, 479 U.S. at 399, 107 S.Ct. at 757.\nThe Court does not deny that the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma has an interest in the status and well", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 750", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3808456df20fb70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 10774, "end": 10799, "quote": "25 U.S.C.A. § 1300b-14(a)", "context": "nd of Kickapoo Act, Congress specifically made the Texas Band eligible to reorganize under the IRA. 25 U.S.C.A. § 1300b-14(a).\nPlaintiffs argue that even if the Band were eligible to organize separately, the Traditional Counc", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0f64e1f58f849fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 11814, "end": 11824, "quote": "176 U.S. 1", "context": "sovereign to bring an action on behalf of the interests of all of its citizens, Louisiana v. Texas, 176 U.S. 1, 19, 20 S.Ct. 251, 257, 44 L.Ed. 347 (1900), and has been used to allow states to recover damages t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c6e83a778149bc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 11830, "end": 11842, "quote": "20 S.Ct. 251", "context": "ng an action on behalf of the interests of all of its citizens, Louisiana v. Texas, 176 U.S. 1, 19, 20 S.Ct. 251, 257, 44 L.Ed. 347 (1900), and has been used to allow states to recover damages to quasi-sovereign ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 S. Ct. 251", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5ec9403841c2008", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 11849, "end": 11861, "quote": "44 L.Ed. 347", "context": "alf of the interests of all of its citizens, Louisiana v. Texas, 176 U.S. 1, 19, 20 S.Ct. 251, 257, 44 L.Ed. 347 (1900), and has been used to allow states to recover damages to quasi-sovereign interests, such as ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 L. Ed. 347", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c1f54217063b681", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 12197, "end": 12210, "quote": "440 F.2d 1079", "context": " interstate pollutants, and the general economy of the state.” West Virginia v. Chas. Pfizer & Co., 440 F.2d 1079, 1089 (2d Cir.1971). However, this theory fails here because a sovereign tribe must be acting on be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "440 F.2d 1079", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_440/1079_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "049abc38c3ca37ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 12416, "end": 12431, "quote": "568 F.Supp. 269", "context": "f all of its members in order to litigate as parens patriae. Assiniboine & Sioux Tribes v. Montana, 568 F.Supp. 269, 277 (D.Mont.1983). While all members of the Tribe may be in some way affected by the Band’s reorga", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "568 F. Supp. 269", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_568/0269_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "37a120a55874bc8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 12897, "end": 12909, "quote": "422 U.S. 490", "context": "nerally cannot rely on the rights and interests of third-parties to state a claim. Warth v. Seldin, 422 U.S. 490, 499, 95 S.Ct. 2197, 2205, 45 L.Ed.2d 343 (1975). Although this rule has been relaxed in appropriat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "422 U.S. 490", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "588fbe8a11d667eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 12916, "end": 12929, "quote": "95 S.Ct. 2197", "context": " on the rights and interests of third-parties to state a claim. Warth v. Seldin, 422 U.S. 490, 499, 95 S.Ct. 2197, 2205, 45 L.Ed.2d 343 (1975). Although this rule has been relaxed in appropriate circumstances, it ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 S. Ct. 2197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "227f3ce23d76ebc5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 12937, "end": 12951, "quote": "45 L.Ed.2d 343", "context": "terests of third-parties to state a claim. Warth v. Seldin, 422 U.S. 490, 499, 95 S.Ct. 2197, 2205, 45 L.Ed.2d 343 (1975). Although this rule has been relaxed in appropriate circumstances, it must be applied to a c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 L. Ed. 2d 343", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4014fe86b7bdff81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 15658, "end": 15670, "quote": "433 U.S. 165", "context": "tive intent to waive tribal immunity. See Puyallup Tribe, Inc. v. Department of Game of Washington, 433 U.S. 165, 172-73, 97 S.Ct. 2616, 2621-22, 53 L.Ed.2d 667 (1977); Seneca-Cayuga Tribe v. State ex rel. Thomps", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "433 U.S. 165", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "187b6202ed98ce49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 15680, "end": 15693, "quote": "97 S.Ct. 2616", "context": "ribal immunity. See Puyallup Tribe, Inc. v. Department of Game of Washington, 433 U.S. 165, 172-73, 97 S.Ct. 2616, 2621-22, 53 L.Ed.2d 667 (1977); Seneca-Cayuga Tribe v. State ex rel. Thompson, 874 F.2d 709, 715 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 2616", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc83d66a426b1a4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 15704, "end": 15718, "quote": "53 L.Ed.2d 667", "context": "llup Tribe, Inc. v. Department of Game of Washington, 433 U.S. 165, 172-73, 97 S.Ct. 2616, 2621-22, 53 L.Ed.2d 667 (1977); Seneca-Cayuga Tribe v. State ex rel. Thompson, 874 F.2d 709, 715 (10th Cir.1989); Wichita a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 L. Ed. 2d 667", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9697e08ab9707d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 15774, "end": 15786, "quote": "874 F.2d 709", "context": "2-73, 97 S.Ct. 2616, 2621-22, 53 L.Ed.2d 667 (1977); Seneca-Cayuga Tribe v. State ex rel. Thompson, 874 F.2d 709, 715 (10th Cir.1989); Wichita and Affiliated Tribes of Oklahoma v. Hodel, 788 F.2d 765, 771 (D.C.Ci", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "874 F.2d 709", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_874/707_709_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb0746e454f00b0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 15861, "end": 15873, "quote": "788 F.2d 765", "context": "l. Thompson, 874 F.2d 709, 715 (10th Cir.1989); Wichita and Affiliated Tribes of Oklahoma v. Hodel, 788 F.2d 765, 771 (D.C.Cir.1986). In this case, there is no indication that the Texas Band is willing to waive i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "788 F.2d 765", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_788/0765_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4a95c3b8802d3228", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 16704, "end": 16720, "quote": "420 F.Supp. 1110", "context": " such a way by the judgment that it would be inequitable to proceed without them.” Harjo v. Kleppe, 420 F.Supp. 1110, 1117 (D.D.C.1976), aff'd, 581 F.2d 949 (D.C.Cir.1978). Rule 19(b) sets forth four factors, among o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "420 F. Supp. 1110", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_420/1110_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1997de4941ddca0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 16748, "end": 16760, "quote": "581 F.2d 949", "context": " inequitable to proceed without them.” Harjo v. Kleppe, 420 F.Supp. 1110, 1117 (D.D.C.1976), aff'd, 581 F.2d 949 (D.C.Cir.1978). Rule 19(b) sets forth four factors, among others, for the Court to consider: (1) th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "581 F.2d 949", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_581/0949_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "983416e65c38685f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 17912, "end": 17927, "quote": "788 F.2d at 774", "context": "d by the presence of a party in the action who can represent the absent party’s interests. Wichita, 788 F.2d at 774. In this case, however, the Court does not believe that the government will adequately represent th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "788 F.2d 765", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_788/0765_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a4bd422864242592", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 18719, "end": 18731, "quote": "390 U.S. 102", "context": "and efficient settlement of controversies,” Provident Tradesmens Bank & Trust Company v. Patterson, 390 U.S. 102, 111, 88 S.Ct. 733, 739, 19 L.Ed.2d 936 (1968), and in this case, further litigation could be antic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "390 U.S. 102", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5949d341d05a44c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 18738, "end": 18750, "quote": "88 S.Ct. 733", "context": "ement of controversies,” Provident Tradesmens Bank & Trust Company v. Patterson, 390 U.S. 102, 111, 88 S.Ct. 733, 739, 19 L.Ed.2d 936 (1968), and in this case, further litigation could be anticipated.\nIt is diffi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 733", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e68fa5ecac0091db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 18757, "end": 18771, "quote": "19 L.Ed.2d 936", "context": "ies,” Provident Tradesmens Bank & Trust Company v. Patterson, 390 U.S. 102, 111, 88 S.Ct. 733, 739, 19 L.Ed.2d 936 (1968), and in this case, further litigation could be anticipated.\nIt is difficult to see how the C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 L. Ed. 2d 936", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9fe3022e56c01065", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 19185, "end": 19200, "quote": "788 F.2d at 776", "context": "ould not in good conscience fashion a remedy without affecting the rights of the Band. See Wichita, 788 F.2d at 776.\nPlaintiffs argue that if they are precluded from bringing an action in the absence of the Band, th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "788 F.2d 765", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_788/0765_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f7e83c5fd6273c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 19748, "end": 19758, "quote": "Id. at 777", "context": "t where the dismissal of a suit was mandated by tribal immunity, the result was “less troublesome.” Id. at 777. The Court reasoned that the dismissal was based on society’s policy choice to grant sovereign immu", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "788 F.2d 765", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_788/0765_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a6dba14ae803196c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 20029, "end": 20032, "quote": "Id.", "context": "d that that policy was strong enough to outweigh plaintiff’s interest in having an available forum. Id.\nHaving weighed the relevant factors, the Court concludes that the Texas Band is an indispensable pa", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "788 F.2d 765", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_788/0765_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6aa5d82530242cd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 20240, "end": 20250, "quote": "Section 16", "context": " that the case must be dismissed for nonjoinder.\n. In the Texas Band of Kickapoo Act, Congress made Section 16 of the Indian Reorganization Act applicable to the Band. See 25 U.S.C. § 1300b-14. The January 23 d", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "36c4ea7c99b809e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 20322, "end": 20333, "quote": "§ 1300b-14.", "context": "ct, Congress made Section 16 of the Indian Reorganization Act applicable to the Band. See 25 U.S.C. § 1300b-14. The January 23 draft was the second draft submitted. An initial draft had been submitted on October", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dcf4e0b6db3a44f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 20809, "end": 20821, "quote": "310 U.S. 534", "context": "legislative history to determine legislative intent. See United States v. American Trucking Ass'ns, 310 U.S. 534, 543-44, 60 S.Ct. 1059, 1063-64, 84 L.Ed. 1345 (1940); Communications Systems, Inc. v. FCC, 595 F.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "310 U.S. 534", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7370b8bab05c55b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 20831, "end": 20844, "quote": "60 S.Ct. 1059", "context": " determine legislative intent. See United States v. American Trucking Ass'ns, 310 U.S. 534, 543-44, 60 S.Ct. 1059, 1063-64, 84 L.Ed. 1345 (1940); Communications Systems, Inc. v. FCC, 595 F.2d 797, 799-800 (D.C.Cir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 S. Ct. 1059", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c01fac3a9bf7f3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 20855, "end": 20868, "quote": "84 L.Ed. 1345", "context": "ntent. See United States v. American Trucking Ass'ns, 310 U.S. 534, 543-44, 60 S.Ct. 1059, 1063-64, 84 L.Ed. 1345 (1940); Communications Systems, Inc. v. FCC, 595 F.2d 797, 799-800 (D.C.Cir.1978). In fact, the Sup", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 L. Ed. 1345", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ca4dcc393310a22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 20914, "end": 20926, "quote": "595 F.2d 797", "context": ".S. 534, 543-44, 60 S.Ct. 1059, 1063-64, 84 L.Ed. 1345 (1940); Communications Systems, Inc. v. FCC, 595 F.2d 797, 799-800 (D.C.Cir.1978). In fact, the Supreme Court consulted the legislative history in Clarke, 47", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "595 F.2d 797", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_595/0797_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "392a7e2c1582df6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 21024, "end": 21043, "quote": "479 U.S. at 401-403", "context": "97, 799-800 (D.C.Cir.1978). In fact, the Supreme Court consulted the legislative history in Clarke, 479 U.S. at 401-403, 107 S.Ct. at 758-759, when it ruled that the plaintiff satisfied the zone of interests test.\n. Spe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "479 U.S. 388", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a9530cd19a43b9a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 21045, "end": 21065, "quote": "107 S.Ct. at 758-759", "context": "1978). In fact, the Supreme Court consulted the legislative history in Clarke, 479 U.S. at 401-403, 107 S.Ct. at 758-759, when it ruled that the plaintiff satisfied the zone of interests test.\n. Specifically, in the rele", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 750", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "136053c5fa6dbe7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 23498, "end": 23510, "quote": "448 U.S. 297", "context": "is necessary, and the association may not rely on third-party standing. See, e.g., Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297, 321, 100 S.Ct. 2671, 2690, 65 L.Ed.2d 784, reh’g denied, 448 U.S. 917, 101 S.Ct. 39, 65 L.Ed.2d 11", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "448 U.S. 297", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69459e2cd18ddf2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 23517, "end": 23531, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 2671", "context": "he association may not rely on third-party standing. See, e.g., Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297, 321, 100 S.Ct. 2671, 2690, 65 L.Ed.2d 784, reh’g denied, 448 U.S. 917, 101 S.Ct. 39, 65 L.Ed.2d 1180 (1980); Associated", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2671", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a31834af449f0f70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 23539, "end": 23553, "quote": "65 L.Ed.2d 784", "context": " rely on third-party standing. See, e.g., Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297, 321, 100 S.Ct. 2671, 2690, 65 L.Ed.2d 784, reh’g denied, 448 U.S. 917, 101 S.Ct. 39, 65 L.Ed.2d 1180 (1980); Associated General Contractors v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 L. Ed. 2d 784", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69ebab432546d9a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 23569, "end": 23581, "quote": "448 U.S. 917", "context": " See, e.g., Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297, 321, 100 S.Ct. 2671, 2690, 65 L.Ed.2d 784, reh’g denied, 448 U.S. 917, 101 S.Ct. 39, 65 L.Ed.2d 1180 (1980); Associated General Contractors v. Otter Tail Power Co., 611 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "448 U.S. 917", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "365d23867afaabe9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 23583, "end": 23595, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 39", "context": "rris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297, 321, 100 S.Ct. 2671, 2690, 65 L.Ed.2d 784, reh’g denied, 448 U.S. 917, 101 S.Ct. 39, 65 L.Ed.2d 1180 (1980); Associated General Contractors v. Otter Tail Power Co., 611 F.2d 684, 691 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 39", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a5930785120e05d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 23597, "end": 23612, "quote": "65 L.Ed.2d 1180", "context": " 448 U.S. 297, 321, 100 S.Ct. 2671, 2690, 65 L.Ed.2d 784, reh’g denied, 448 U.S. 917, 101 S.Ct. 39, 65 L.Ed.2d 1180 (1980); Associated General Contractors v. Otter Tail Power Co., 611 F.2d 684, 691 (8th Cir.1979).\n.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 L. Ed. 2d 1180", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8503046ddb8a9e7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_728/0791_01/index.html", "start": 23677, "end": 23689, "quote": "611 F.2d 684", "context": " 917, 101 S.Ct. 39, 65 L.Ed.2d 1180 (1980); Associated General Contractors v. Otter Tail Power Co., 611 F.2d 684, 691 (8th Cir.1979).\n. Even if, as plaintiffs allege, there were irregularities in the voter regist", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "611 F.2d 684", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_611/0684_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce02ef7203bec682", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 4872, "end": 4881, "quote": "Section 2", "context": "sserting against Vanguard antitrust claims for monopoly and attempted monopoly in violation of both Section 2 of the Sherman Act, 15 U.S.C. § 2, and Pennsylvania antitrust common law as well as a claim for tor", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e6c36e5bae5531e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 4902, "end": 4915, "quote": "15 U.S.C. § 2", "context": "trust claims for monopoly and attempted monopoly in violation of both Section 2 of the Sherman Act, 15 U.S.C. § 2, and Pennsylvania antitrust common law as well as a claim for tortious interference with business r", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "15 U.S.C. § 2", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_2/title15_sec2_aa6bb1253901/2_monopolizing_trade_a_felony_penalty_every_person_who_shall_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ac2e34eb2d13b50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 5284, "end": 5293, "quote": "Section 2", "context": " did not satisfy any of the requirements for asserting a monopoly or attempted monopoly claim under Section 2 of the Sherman Act. Specifically, Vanguard claims that Sunshine lacks standing to bring either clai", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "859a22cdecf3b851", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 6391, "end": 6407, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "context": "eparate motion, Vanguard requests a transfer of venue to North Carolina or Pennsylvania pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a).\nII. MOTION TO DISMISS\nIn determining the adequacy of a claim under Rule 12(b)(6), F.R.Civ.P., c", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5bef8d91db4777e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 6401, "end": 6410, "quote": "§ 1404(a)", "context": "tion, Vanguard requests a transfer of venue to North Carolina or Pennsylvania pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a).\nII. MOTION TO DISMISS\nIn determining the adequacy of a claim under Rule 12(b)(6), F.R.Civ.P., cons", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f916c5b867e5229", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 6746, "end": 6758, "quote": "937 F.2d 767", "context": "nt by reference, and to matters of which judicial notice may be taken. Kramer v. Time Warner, Inc., 937 F.2d 767, 773 (2d Cir.1991). A court must construe in plaintiff’s favor any well-pleaded factual allegations", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "937 F.2d 767", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_937/0767_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9601ae4c9c1ff4f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 6913, "end": 6924, "quote": "945 F.2d 40", "context": "’s favor any well-pleaded factual allegations in the complaint. Allen v. Westpoint-Pepperell, Inc., 945 F.2d 40, 44 (2d Cir.1991). Dismissal is not warranted unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "945 F.2d 40", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_945/0040_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ea082c311e360d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 7124, "end": 7135, "quote": "355 U.S. 41", "context": " prove no set of facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief. Conley v. Gibson, 355 U.S. 41, 45-46, 78 S.Ct. 99, 101-02, 2 L.Ed.2d 80 (1957). In antitrust cases in particular, the Supreme Cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "355 U.S. 41", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47bb698b2c5740e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 7144, "end": 7155, "quote": "78 S.Ct. 99", "context": "ts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief. Conley v. Gibson, 355 U.S. 41, 45-46, 78 S.Ct. 99, 101-02, 2 L.Ed.2d 80 (1957). In antitrust cases in particular, the Supreme Court has stated that “", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 S. Ct. 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6b7f34b460b3d25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 7165, "end": 7177, "quote": "2 L.Ed.2d 80", "context": "claim which would entitle him to relief. Conley v. Gibson, 355 U.S. 41, 45-46, 78 S.Ct. 99, 101-02, 2 L.Ed.2d 80 (1957). In antitrust cases in particular, the Supreme Court has stated that “dismissals prior to gi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 L. Ed. 2d 80", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86669bd678eab434", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 7408, "end": 7420, "quote": "425 U.S. 738", "context": "unity for discovery should be granted very sparingly.” Hospital Bldg. Co. v. Trustees of Rex Hosp., 425 U.S. 738, 746, 96 S.Ct. 1848, 1853, 48 L.Ed.2d 338 (1976).\nA. Section 2 Sherman Act Claims\nSection 2 of the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "425 U.S. 738", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "134f9a06a2856b86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 7427, "end": 7440, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 1848", "context": " should be granted very sparingly.” Hospital Bldg. Co. v. Trustees of Rex Hosp., 425 U.S. 738, 746, 96 S.Ct. 1848, 1853, 48 L.Ed.2d 338 (1976).\nA. Section 2 Sherman Act Claims\nSection 2 of the Sherman Act makes it", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 1848", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3396c4bbd863db2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 7448, "end": 7462, "quote": "48 L.Ed.2d 338", "context": "ry sparingly.” Hospital Bldg. Co. v. Trustees of Rex Hosp., 425 U.S. 738, 746, 96 S.Ct. 1848, 1853, 48 L.Ed.2d 338 (1976).\nA. Section 2 Sherman Act Claims\nSection 2 of the Sherman Act makes it illegal for any perso", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "48 L. Ed. 2d 338", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3eeba6145130db8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 7474, "end": 7483, "quote": "Section 2", "context": "dg. Co. v. Trustees of Rex Hosp., 425 U.S. 738, 746, 96 S.Ct. 1848, 1853, 48 L.Ed.2d 338 (1976).\nA. Section 2 Sherman Act Claims\nSection 2 of the Sherman Act makes it illegal for any person to “monopolize, or ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b1591d1afc5fd71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 7503, "end": 7512, "quote": "Section 2", "context": "sp., 425 U.S. 738, 746, 96 S.Ct. 1848, 1853, 48 L.Ed.2d 338 (1976).\nA. Section 2 Sherman Act Claims\nSection 2 of the Sherman Act makes it illegal for any person to “monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, ... an", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5584ad129fcc829f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 7696, "end": 7709, "quote": "15 U.S.C. § 2", "context": "nopolize, ... any part of the trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations.” 15 U.S.C. § 2 (1982). Sunshine’s monopoly claim alleges that Vanguard violated § 2 of the Sherman Act by “wrongfu", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "15 U.S.C. § 2", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_2/title15_sec2_aa6bb1253901/2_monopolizing_trade_a_felony_penalty_every_person_who_shall_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "439d2dee203809d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 7775, "end": 7778, "quote": "§ 2", "context": "th foreign nations.” 15 U.S.C. § 2 (1982). Sunshine’s monopoly claim alleges that Vanguard violated § 2 of the Sherman Act by “wrongfully refusing to deal and cooperate with Sunshine on commercially reas", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "591bcc7aa100f7f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 8069, "end": 8072, "quote": "§ 2", "context": "djacent market.” Complaint ¶ 53. Sunshine’s attempted monopoly claim alleges that Vanguard violated § 2 by denying Sunshine access to an essential facility, the two-way roaming agreement, in order to att", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe2087e0229b9bd6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 8333, "end": 8336, "quote": "§ 2", "context": "in Pennsylvania 8. Complaint ¶ 55.\n1. Standing\nA private plaintiff like Sunshine seeking to enforce § 2 of the Sherman Act must satisfy the standing requirements of sections 4 and 16 of the Clayton Act w", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c635c56dfdd52d51", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 8398, "end": 8408, "quote": "sections 4", "context": "f like Sunshine seeking to enforce § 2 of the Sherman Act must satisfy the standing requirements of sections 4 and 16 of the Clayton Act which are: 1) proof of an “antitrust injury” and 2) proof that the plaint", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc39e5fea08364a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 8619, "end": 8631, "quote": "479 U.S. 104", "context": "roper party” to bring a suit against the defendant. See Cargill, Inc. v. Monfort of Colorado, Inc., 479 U.S. 104, 110-111, 107 S.Ct. 484, 489, 93 L.Ed.2d 427 (1986); Associated General Contractors, Inc. v. Califo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "479 U.S. 104", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05681baf3f09609b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 8642, "end": 8655, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 484", "context": " suit against the defendant. See Cargill, Inc. v. Monfort of Colorado, Inc., 479 U.S. 104, 110-111, 107 S.Ct. 484, 489, 93 L.Ed.2d 427 (1986); Associated General Contractors, Inc. v. California State Council of Ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 484", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7e859d9437401bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 8662, "end": 8676, "quote": "93 L.Ed.2d 427", "context": "fendant. See Cargill, Inc. v. Monfort of Colorado, Inc., 479 U.S. 104, 110-111, 107 S.Ct. 484, 489, 93 L.Ed.2d 427 (1986); Associated General Contractors, Inc. v. California State Council of Carpenters, 459 U.S. 51", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 2d 427", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "854f87540e80ea81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 8765, "end": 8777, "quote": "459 U.S. 519", "context": "L.Ed.2d 427 (1986); Associated General Contractors, Inc. v. California State Council of Carpenters, 459 U.S. 519, 540-545, 103 S.Ct. 897, 909-912, 74 L.Ed.2d 723 (1983). Vanguard claims Sunshine has not satisfied", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "459 U.S. 519", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2c9be885fa15c5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 8788, "end": 8801, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 897", "context": "ociated General Contractors, Inc. v. California State Council of Carpenters, 459 U.S. 519, 540-545, 103 S.Ct. 897, 909-912, 74 L.Ed.2d 723 (1983). Vanguard claims Sunshine has not satisfied either requirement.\nIn ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 897", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d95fbff79d36732", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 8812, "end": 8826, "quote": "74 L.Ed.2d 723", "context": "ors, Inc. v. California State Council of Carpenters, 459 U.S. 519, 540-545, 103 S.Ct. 897, 909-912, 74 L.Ed.2d 723 (1983). Vanguard claims Sunshine has not satisfied either requirement.\nIn attacking the sufficiency", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 L. Ed. 2d 723", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff7c3b7a8b5df7b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 9235, "end": 9247, "quote": "495 U.S. 328", "context": "mpetition-reducing” effect of Vanguard’s behavior. See Atlantic Richfield Co. v. USA Petroleum Co., 495 U.S. 328, 342-44, 110 S.Ct. 1884, 1894, 109 L.Ed.2d 333 (1990). According to Vanguard, the federal regulatio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "495 U.S. 328", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9a022f09a96e77d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 9257, "end": 9271, "quote": "110 S.Ct. 1884", "context": "fect of Vanguard’s behavior. See Atlantic Richfield Co. v. USA Petroleum Co., 495 U.S. 328, 342-44, 110 S.Ct. 1884, 1894, 109 L.Ed.2d 333 (1990). According to Vanguard, the federal regulation permitting only two pr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S. Ct. 1884", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a288dcaaa5f5239e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 9279, "end": 9294, "quote": "109 L.Ed.2d 333", "context": "avior. See Atlantic Richfield Co. v. USA Petroleum Co., 495 U.S. 328, 342-44, 110 S.Ct. 1884, 1894, 109 L.Ed.2d 333 (1990). According to Vanguard, the federal regulation permitting only two providers of cellular ser", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 L. Ed. 2d 333", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "546c47c436145f03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 10080, "end": 10092, "quote": "410 U.S. 366", "context": "anguard’s “competitive structure” argument was discounted in Otter Tail Power Co. v. United States, 410 U.S. 366, 93 S.Ct. 1022, 35 L.Ed.2d 359 (1973). The focus on “competitive structure” misses the point, rathe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "410 U.S. 366", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9734f76f1c14980", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 10094, "end": 10107, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 1022", "context": "petitive structure” argument was discounted in Otter Tail Power Co. v. United States, 410 U.S. 366, 93 S.Ct. 1022, 35 L.Ed.2d 359 (1973). The focus on “competitive structure” misses the point, rather the focus in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 1022", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76b2f59991a874a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 10109, "end": 10123, "quote": "35 L.Ed.2d 359", "context": "ure” argument was discounted in Otter Tail Power Co. v. United States, 410 U.S. 366, 93 S.Ct. 1022, 35 L.Ed.2d 359 (1973). The focus on “competitive structure” misses the point, rather the focus in determining anti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "35 L. Ed. 2d 359", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f17c3383355b6bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 11824, "end": 11842, "quote": "459 U.S. at 540-45", "context": "them among direct and indirect victims so as to avoid duplicative recovery. See Associated General, 459 U.S. at 540-45, 103 S.Ct. at 909-12; Nat. Assoc. of Pharmaceutical Mfrs., Inc. v. Ayerst Laboratories Div. of/and ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "459 U.S. 519", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "faefba8c2e0d425f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 11844, "end": 11863, "quote": "103 S.Ct. at 909-12", "context": "d indirect victims so as to avoid duplicative recovery. See Associated General, 459 U.S. at 540-45, 103 S.Ct. at 909-12; Nat. Assoc. of Pharmaceutical Mfrs., Inc. v. Ayerst Laboratories Div. of/and American Home Product", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 897", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73c3157f6762f0e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 11972, "end": 11984, "quote": "850 F.2d 904", "context": "soc. of Pharmaceutical Mfrs., Inc. v. Ayerst Laboratories Div. of/and American Home Products Corp., 850 F.2d 904, 912 (2d Cir. 1988).\nApparently attacking Sunshine’s satisfaction of the first and third factors, V", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "850 F.2d 904", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_850/0904_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e67470e6008f18ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 12336, "end": 12352, "quote": "676 F.Supp. 1254", "context": "al to deal or denial of an essential facility. See Disenos Artisticos E Industriales, S.A. v. Work, 676 F.Supp. 1254, 1279 (E.D.N.Y.1987). Sunshine’s injury is not speculative because it is currently losing substanti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "676 F. Supp. 1254", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_676/1254_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2de69c78dd14bed5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 13145, "end": 13148, "quote": "§ 2", "context": "Power or Dangerous Probability of Monopolization in a Relevant Market\nThe offense of monopoly under § 2 requires proof that the defendant possesses “monopoly power in a relevant market.” Eastman Kodak Co", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "485357f2365e4297", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 13293, "end": 13307, "quote": "112 S.Ct. 2072", "context": "“monopoly power in a relevant market.” Eastman Kodak Co. v. Image Technical Servs. Inc., — U.S.-,-, 112 S.Ct. 2072, 2089, 119 L.Ed.2d 265 (1992) (quoting United States v. Grinnell Corp., 384 U.S. 563, 570-571, 86 S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 2072", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7044de422cf5621c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 13315, "end": 13330, "quote": "119 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": "elevant market.” Eastman Kodak Co. v. Image Technical Servs. Inc., — U.S.-,-, 112 S.Ct. 2072, 2089, 119 L.Ed.2d 265 (1992) (quoting United States v. Grinnell Corp., 384 U.S. 563, 570-571, 86 S.Ct. 1698, 1703-04, 16 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e1e4d82e5ae9084", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 13380, "end": 13392, "quote": "384 U.S. 563", "context": ", — U.S.-,-, 112 S.Ct. 2072, 2089, 119 L.Ed.2d 265 (1992) (quoting United States v. Grinnell Corp., 384 U.S. 563, 570-571, 86 S.Ct. 1698, 1703-04, 16 L.Ed.2d 778 (1966)). A relevant market is comprised of a produ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "384 U.S. 563", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bb4ad1c3498412b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 13403, "end": 13416, "quote": "86 S.Ct. 1698", "context": "2072, 2089, 119 L.Ed.2d 265 (1992) (quoting United States v. Grinnell Corp., 384 U.S. 563, 570-571, 86 S.Ct. 1698, 1703-04, 16 L.Ed.2d 778 (1966)). A relevant market is comprised of a product market, those commodi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 S. Ct. 1698", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f76f80268d571fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 13427, "end": 13441, "quote": "16 L.Ed.2d 778", "context": "265 (1992) (quoting United States v. Grinnell Corp., 384 U.S. 563, 570-571, 86 S.Ct. 1698, 1703-04, 16 L.Ed.2d 778 (1966)). A relevant market is comprised of a product market, those commodities or services that are", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 L. Ed. 2d 778", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b3f6dd085752afa8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 13717, "end": 13723, "quote": "§ 8.02", "context": "phic market, the area in which sellers of the relevant product effectively compete. Von Kalinowski, § 8.02[2] at 8-10 to 8-12; see also, Soap Opera Now, Inc. v. Network Pub. Corp., 737 F.Supp. 1338, 1344 (S", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ecf420804617be0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 13798, "end": 13814, "quote": "737 F.Supp. 1338", "context": "e. Von Kalinowski, § 8.02[2] at 8-10 to 8-12; see also, Soap Opera Now, Inc. v. Network Pub. Corp., 737 F.Supp. 1338, 1344 (S.D.N.Y.1990) (Ward, J.). It is frequently observed that “pronouncement as to market definit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "737 F. Supp. 1338", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_737/1338_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bff29c97e6f68025", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 13988, "end": 14004, "quote": "539 F.Supp. 1349", "context": "ement as to market definition is not one of law, but of fact”. Jennings Oil Co. v. Mobil Oil Corp., 539 F.Supp. 1349, 1352 (S.D.N.Y.1982) (Werker, J.) (citations omitted). “Monopoly power” is the power either to cont", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "539 F. Supp. 1349", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_539/1349_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b74560a439d9c697", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 14215, "end": 14227, "quote": "351 U.S. 377", "context": "or to exclude competitors from the relevant market. United States v. E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 351 U.S. 377, 391, 76 S.Ct. 994, 1004, 100 L.Ed. 1264 (1956); Kodak, — U.S. at-, 112 S.Ct. at 2090. Sunshine pre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "351 U.S. 377", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3707fc8dd05d68cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 14234, "end": 14246, "quote": "76 S.Ct. 994", "context": "titors from the relevant market. United States v. E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 351 U.S. 377, 391, 76 S.Ct. 994, 1004, 100 L.Ed. 1264 (1956); Kodak, — U.S. at-, 112 S.Ct. at 2090. Sunshine presents three relevan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 S. Ct. 994", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f964b033832a56f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 14254, "end": 14268, "quote": "100 L.Ed. 1264", "context": "vant market. United States v. E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 351 U.S. 377, 391, 76 S.Ct. 994, 1004, 100 L.Ed. 1264 (1956); Kodak, — U.S. at-, 112 S.Ct. at 2090. Sunshine presents three relevant markets related to i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 L. Ed. 1264", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d23cafd71d75f7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 14296, "end": 14313, "quote": "112 S.Ct. at 2090", "context": " de Nemours & Co., 351 U.S. 377, 391, 76 S.Ct. 994, 1004, 100 L.Ed. 1264 (1956); Kodak, — U.S. at-, 112 S.Ct. at 2090. Sunshine presents three relevant markets related to its monopoly claim, and Vanguard attacks each.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 2072", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "99d0dd8cbd7c49ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 14454, "end": 14457, "quote": "§ 2", "context": "s related to its monopoly claim, and Vanguard attacks each.\nThe offense of attempted monopoly under § 2 requires proof that there is “dangerous probability” that the attempt will succeed. Volvo N. Am. Co", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6dd88bc196723a7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 14605, "end": 14616, "quote": "857 F.2d 55", "context": "lity” that the attempt will succeed. Volvo N. Am. Corp. v. Men’s Int’l Professional Tennis Council, 857 F.2d 55, 73-74 (2d Cir.1988). Vanguard contends that Sunshine has not defined a relevant market in which Va", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "857 F.2d 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_857/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6699c90e6e7231e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 15166, "end": 15172, "quote": "§ 9.01", "context": "ntum,” as is necessary to plead the monopoly power requirement for a monopoly claim. Von Kalinowski § 9.01[5] at 9-20; see McGahee v. Northern Propane Gas Co., 858 F.2d 1487, 1505, reh. den. en banc, 865 F.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "046950f01452e732", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 15226, "end": 15239, "quote": "858 F.2d 1487", "context": "nt for a monopoly claim. Von Kalinowski § 9.01[5] at 9-20; see McGahee v. Northern Propane Gas Co., 858 F.2d 1487, 1505, reh. den. en banc, 865 F.2d 1274 (11th Cir.1988), cert. den. 490 U.S. 1084, 109 S.Ct. 2110, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "858 F.2d 1487", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_858/1487_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38e6dfb737d15d20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 15266, "end": 15279, "quote": "865 F.2d 1274", "context": "§ 9.01[5] at 9-20; see McGahee v. Northern Propane Gas Co., 858 F.2d 1487, 1505, reh. den. en banc, 865 F.2d 1274 (11th Cir.1988), cert. den. 490 U.S. 1084, 109 S.Ct. 2110, 104 L.Ed.2d 670 (1989).\nFirst Relevant M", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "865 F.2d 1274", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f551b08e3ff5911d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 15308, "end": 15321, "quote": "490 U.S. 1084", "context": " Propane Gas Co., 858 F.2d 1487, 1505, reh. den. en banc, 865 F.2d 1274 (11th Cir.1988), cert. den. 490 U.S. 1084, 109 S.Ct. 2110, 104 L.Ed.2d 670 (1989).\nFirst Relevant Market\nSunshine defines its first relevant ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "490 U.S. 1084", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e378cb5c0a4c16b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 15323, "end": 15337, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 2110", "context": "., 858 F.2d 1487, 1505, reh. den. en banc, 865 F.2d 1274 (11th Cir.1988), cert. den. 490 U.S. 1084, 109 S.Ct. 2110, 104 L.Ed.2d 670 (1989).\nFirst Relevant Market\nSunshine defines its first relevant market as the ma", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 2110", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a8ca066b343755d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 15339, "end": 15354, "quote": "104 L.Ed.2d 670", "context": ", 1505, reh. den. en banc, 865 F.2d 1274 (11th Cir.1988), cert. den. 490 U.S. 1084, 109 S.Ct. 2110, 104 L.Ed.2d 670 (1989).\nFirst Relevant Market\nSunshine defines its first relevant market as the market for “providi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 L. Ed. 2d 670", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ebf8b57b51b1a04a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 16731, "end": 16743, "quote": "334 U.S. 100", "context": "nopolizing the buying side of a market rather than the selling side. See United States v. Griffith, 334 U.S. 100, 108, 68 S.Ct. 941, 946, 92 L.Ed. 1236 (1948) (monopsony power is within the prohibition of § 2); C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "334 U.S. 100", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c02b511489825fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 16750, "end": 16762, "quote": "68 S.Ct. 941", "context": "ng side of a market rather than the selling side. See United States v. Griffith, 334 U.S. 100, 108, 68 S.Ct. 941, 946, 92 L.Ed. 1236 (1948) (monopsony power is within the prohibition of § 2); Christianson v. Colt", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 S. Ct. 941", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc42b62383e32ee8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 16769, "end": 16782, "quote": "92 L.Ed. 1236", "context": " rather than the selling side. See United States v. Griffith, 334 U.S. 100, 108, 68 S.Ct. 941, 946, 92 L.Ed. 1236 (1948) (monopsony power is within the prohibition of § 2); Christianson v. Colt Industries Operatin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 L. Ed. 1236", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "617d014bc114e9af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 16836, "end": 16839, "quote": "§ 2", "context": ".S. 100, 108, 68 S.Ct. 941, 946, 92 L.Ed. 1236 (1948) (monopsony power is within the prohibition of § 2); Christianson v. Colt Industries Operating Corp., 766 F.Supp. 670 (C.D.Ill.1991). Although Vanguar", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b8f371eb83beca7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 16891, "end": 16906, "quote": "766 F.Supp. 670", "context": "monopsony power is within the prohibition of § 2); Christianson v. Colt Industries Operating Corp., 766 F.Supp. 670 (C.D.Ill.1991). Although Vanguard asserts it cannot have monopsony power because it does not buy an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "766 F. Supp. 670", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_766/0670_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe4d5b1adb76f768", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 17935, "end": 17952, "quote": "355 U.S. at 45-46", "context": " concluding that Sunshine could prove no set of facts in support of these distinctions. See Conley, 355 U.S. at 45-46, 78 S.Ct. at 101-102. Indeed, Sunshine’s complaint contains numerous paragraphs from which it is po", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "355 U.S. 41", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8147ae8bb65c217", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 17954, "end": 17973, "quote": "78 S.Ct. at 101-102", "context": "nshine could prove no set of facts in support of these distinctions. See Conley, 355 U.S. at 45-46, 78 S.Ct. at 101-102. Indeed, Sunshine’s complaint contains numerous paragraphs from which it is possible to infer these", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "78 S. Ct. 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2c95e4551f620660", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 18574, "end": 18586, "quote": "931 F.2d 816", "context": "nguard customers. Vanguard relies on T. Harris Young & Assoc., Inc. v. Marquette Electronics, Inc., 931 F.2d 816 (11th Cir.1991), cert. den., — U.S L.Ed.2d 749 (1991), in which a supplier for EKG paper alleges th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "931 F.2d 816", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_931/0816_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83331eb563145f16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 18992, "end": 19002, "quote": "Id. at 825", "context": "r sold to other customers, plaintiff failed to define the product dimension of the relevant market. Id. at 825. Vanguard analogizes that because roaming service in Pennsylvania 8 provided to Vanguard customers ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "931 F.2d 816", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_931/0816_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c0a88cc5891c8a40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 19926, "end": 19943, "quote": "112 S.Ct. at 2090", "context": "a matter of law” a single brand of a product or service can never be a relevant market. — U.S. at-, 112 S.Ct. at 2090. Instead, the Court held that the relevant market should be determined by “the choices available to", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 2072", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "50d7908683b23f8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 20069, "end": 20072, "quote": "Id.", "context": "that the relevant market should be determined by “the choices available to Kodak equipment owners.” Id. Just as Kodak equipment was alleged to be a distinct brand of product, Sunshine alleges Vanguard ce", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 2072", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c66ccc7c5194d747", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 21790, "end": 21803, "quote": "867 F.2d 1531", "context": "ce.\nThe only case relied on by Vanguard for this argument is H.J., Inc. v. Int’l Tel. & Tel. Corp., 867 F.2d 1531, 1537 (8th Cir. 1989), but the test in that case is aimed at isolating the “product” component of t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "867 F.2d 1531", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_867/1531_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5986ee708cc1b2ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 22195, "end": 22198, "quote": "Id.", "context": "d by a hypothetical cartel or merger could raise prices significantly above the competitive level.” Id. The court then determined that submersible liquid pumps could not be a distinct relevant market bec", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "867 F.2d 1531", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_867/1531_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa1473dc53d19d01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 22386, "end": 22402, "quote": "Id. at 1537-1538", "context": "t market because if prices for such pumps were raised, farmers would purchase other kinds of pumps. Id. at 1537-1538. By contrast, Sunshine satisfies the test in H.J.; Sunshine alleges that cellular phone service is ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "867 F.2d 1531", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_867/1531_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de7ba9ef7dad5236", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 23379, "end": 23394, "quote": "900 F.2d at 570", "context": "cator of existence of a dangerous probability of success, but not the sole one.” Twin Laboratories, 900 F.2d at 570. Other indicators of “dangerous probability” include the strength of the competition, the probable ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62c4b4938caf0455", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 23694, "end": 23706, "quote": "812 F.2d 786", "context": "icity of consumer demand. See e.g., International Distribution Centers, Inc. v. Walsh Trucking Co., 812 F.2d 786, 792 (2d Cir. 1987), cert. den., 482 U.S. 915, 107 S.Ct. 3188, 96 L.Ed.2d 676 (1987).\nSunshine’s co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "812 F.2d 786", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_812/0786_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "98452ee107137ff2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 23740, "end": 23752, "quote": "482 U.S. 915", "context": "nal Distribution Centers, Inc. v. Walsh Trucking Co., 812 F.2d 786, 792 (2d Cir. 1987), cert. den., 482 U.S. 915, 107 S.Ct. 3188, 96 L.Ed.2d 676 (1987).\nSunshine’s complaint states that there is a “dangerous prob", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "482 U.S. 915", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50dc6694365a0c4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 23754, "end": 23768, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 3188", "context": "on Centers, Inc. v. Walsh Trucking Co., 812 F.2d 786, 792 (2d Cir. 1987), cert. den., 482 U.S. 915, 107 S.Ct. 3188, 96 L.Ed.2d 676 (1987).\nSunshine’s complaint states that there is a “dangerous probability that Van", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 3188", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "923d757bcb722eb7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 23770, "end": 23784, "quote": "96 L.Ed.2d 676", "context": " v. Walsh Trucking Co., 812 F.2d 786, 792 (2d Cir. 1987), cert. den., 482 U.S. 915, 107 S.Ct. 3188, 96 L.Ed.2d 676 (1987).\nSunshine’s complaint states that there is a “dangerous probability that Vanguard will succe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 L. Ed. 2d 676", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d070b16ec6ad3cbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 24061, "end": 24072, "quote": "Id. at 1119", "context": "ges that Vanguard controls 60% to 70% of roaming customers available to Sunshine in Pennsylvania 8. Id. at 1119(a). Since roaming service is a subset of cellular service, Sunshine’s figure is not a measure of Va", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a84d4d805bafc015", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 24819, "end": 24836, "quote": "355 U.S. at 45-46", "context": "no set of facts in support of “dangerous probability” which would entitle it to relief. See Conley, 355 U.S. at 45-46, 78 S.Ct. at 101-102.\nThird Relevant Market\nSunshine’s third relevant market is the market for cell", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "355 U.S. 41", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0990e67445dea5aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 24838, "end": 24857, "quote": "78 S.Ct. at 101-102", "context": "support of “dangerous probability” which would entitle it to relief. See Conley, 355 U.S. at 45-46, 78 S.Ct. at 101-102.\nThird Relevant Market\nSunshine’s third relevant market is the market for cellular telephone servic", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "78 S. Ct. 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6349746fc692f399", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 26177, "end": 26180, "quote": "Id.", "context": "customers access to roaming services on an efficient basis when they travel within Pennsylvania 8.” Id.\n3. Anticompetitive Conduct\nAs part of both its monopoly claim and its attempted monopoly claim Suns", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "78 S. Ct. 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b678f65ec145133", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 26630, "end": 26647, "quote": "112 S.Ct. at 2090", "context": "close competition, to gain a competitive advantage, or to destroy a competitor.” Kodak, — U.S. at-, 112 S.Ct. at 2090. To satisfy this requirement the plaintiff must show that the defendant’s conduct is “exclusionary,", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 2072", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fdcd1437f0a3b94d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 26838, "end": 26850, "quote": "472 U.S. 585", "context": "usionary,” “anticompetitive,” or “predatory.” See Aspen Skiing Co. v. Aspen Highlands Skiing Corp., 472 U.S. 585, 602, 105 S.Ct. 2847, 2857, 86 L.Ed.2d 467 (1985). As for an attempted monopoly claim, one of the e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "472 U.S. 585", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0fb4d472f3d7b064", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 26857, "end": 26871, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 2847", "context": "petitive,” or “predatory.” See Aspen Skiing Co. v. Aspen Highlands Skiing Corp., 472 U.S. 585, 602, 105 S.Ct. 2847, 2857, 86 L.Ed.2d 467 (1985). As for an attempted monopoly claim, one of the elements of such a cla", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 2847", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ba6f89e4e2ae70d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 26879, "end": 26893, "quote": "86 L.Ed.2d 467", "context": "ry.” See Aspen Skiing Co. v. Aspen Highlands Skiing Corp., 472 U.S. 585, 602, 105 S.Ct. 2847, 2857, 86 L.Ed.2d 467 (1985). As for an attempted monopoly claim, one of the elements of such a claim is proof that the d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 L. Ed. 2d 467", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f580024de24d9023", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 27073, "end": 27090, "quote": "857 F.2d at 73-74", "context": " is proof that the defendant “engaged in anticompetitive or exclusionary conduct.” See e.g., Volvo, 857 F.2d at 73-74.\nSunshine’s monopoly claim alleges ' as Vanguard’s anticompetitive conduct that Vanguard has “refus", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "857 F.2d 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_857/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3e54eb37452df246", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 27777, "end": 27796, "quote": "472 U.S. at 601-602", "context": " not refuse to deal with Sunshine if its refusal is motivated by anticompetitive animus. See Aspen, 472 U.S. at 601-602, 105 S.Ct. at 2856-2857; Soap Opera Now, 737 F.Supp. at 1343.\nVanguard also tries to limit “refusal", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "472 U.S. 585", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8050e15f6775928e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 27798, "end": 27820, "quote": "105 S.Ct. at 2856-2857", "context": "ith Sunshine if its refusal is motivated by anticompetitive animus. See Aspen, 472 U.S. at 601-602, 105 S.Ct. at 2856-2857; Soap Opera Now, 737 F.Supp. at 1343.\nVanguard also tries to limit “refusal to deal” claims to the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 2847", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "278b1abe1698ec19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 27838, "end": 27857, "quote": "737 F.Supp. at 1343", "context": " by anticompetitive animus. See Aspen, 472 U.S. at 601-602, 105 S.Ct. at 2856-2857; Soap Opera Now, 737 F.Supp. at 1343.\nVanguard also tries to limit “refusal to deal” claims to the factual scenario in Aspen. However, t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "737 F. Supp. 1338", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_737/1338_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b999f0f29ecf55e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 28189, "end": 28192, "quote": "§ 2", "context": "ther defendant’s refusal to deal can be characterized as “anticompetitive” and thus in violation of § 2, a court must examine the conduct’s effect on the plaintiff and consumers, and must determine wheth", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4088d5988e1e74c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 28441, "end": 28444, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ssarily restrictive way” or was an “attempt to exclude rivals on some basis other than efficiency”. Id. 472 U.S. at 605, 105 S.Ct. at 2859; see also, Kodak, — U.S. at-, n. 32, 112 S.Ct. at 2091, n. 32 (i", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "389152416eca58b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 28445, "end": 28460, "quote": "472 U.S. at 605", "context": "ily restrictive way” or was an “attempt to exclude rivals on some basis other than efficiency”. Id. 472 U.S. at 605, 105 S.Ct. at 2859; see also, Kodak, — U.S. at-, n. 32, 112 S.Ct. at 2091, n. 32 (interpreting Aspe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "472 U.S. 585", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ebe7d2241196746", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 28462, "end": 28479, "quote": "105 S.Ct. at 2859", "context": "ay” or was an “attempt to exclude rivals on some basis other than efficiency”. Id. 472 U.S. at 605, 105 S.Ct. at 2859; see also, Kodak, — U.S. at-, n. 32, 112 S.Ct. at 2091, n. 32 (interpreting Aspen to mean right to ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 2847", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a658cd048ed0daf7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 28517, "end": 28541, "quote": "112 S.Ct. at 2091, n. 32", "context": "other than efficiency”. Id. 472 U.S. at 605, 105 S.Ct. at 2859; see also, Kodak, — U.S. at-, n. 32, 112 S.Ct. at 2091, n. 32 (interpreting Aspen to mean right to refuse to deal exists “only if there are legitimate competitiv", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 2072", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de31829efc9aa73b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 29626, "end": 29641, "quote": "772 F.Supp. 777", "context": "to be essentia] facilities. See, e.g., American Tel. & Tel. Co. v. North American Industries, Inc., 772 F.Supp. 777, 785 (S.D.N.Y. 1991), amd on other grounds, 783 F.Supp. 810 (1992) (Mukasey, J.) (on motion to dism", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "772 F. Supp. 777", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_772/0777_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7cf37936c818d460", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 29686, "end": 29701, "quote": "783 F.Supp. 810", "context": "Co. v. North American Industries, Inc., 772 F.Supp. 777, 785 (S.D.N.Y. 1991), amd on other grounds, 783 F.Supp. 810 (1992) (Mukasey, J.) (on motion to dismiss, plaintiff adequately alleged that defendant’s central o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "783 F. Supp. 810", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_783/0810_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3b0b35ee1a51167c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 30432, "end": 30444, "quote": "902 F.2d 174", "context": "and 4) the feasibility of providing the facility. Delaware & Hudson Rwy. Co. v. Consol. Rail Corp., 902 F.2d 174, 179 (2d Cir.1990), cert. den., — U.S. -, 111 S.Ct. 2041, 114 L.Ed.2d 125 (1991).\nVanguard claims S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "902 F.2d 174", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_902/0174_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1cc27fc91ab5dee0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 30487, "end": 30501, "quote": "111 S.Ct. 2041", "context": "are & Hudson Rwy. Co. v. Consol. Rail Corp., 902 F.2d 174, 179 (2d Cir.1990), cert. den., — U.S. -, 111 S.Ct. 2041, 114 L.Ed.2d 125 (1991).\nVanguard claims Sunshine must prove “severe hardship” in duplicating the t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 S. Ct. 2041", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "965c6503499289c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 30503, "end": 30518, "quote": "114 L.Ed.2d 125", "context": ". Co. v. Consol. Rail Corp., 902 F.2d 174, 179 (2d Cir.1990), cert. den., — U.S. -, 111 S.Ct. 2041, 114 L.Ed.2d 125 (1991).\nVanguard claims Sunshine must prove “severe hardship” in duplicating the two-way roaming ag", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 L. Ed. 2d 125", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15178c84a1550bb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 30834, "end": 30849, "quote": "900 F.2d at 568", "context": "demonstrate that “duplication of the facility would be economically infeasible.” Twin Laboratories, 900 F.2d at 568. Sunshine has made such an allegation. See Complaint ¶¶ 2, 15, 19.\nWith respect to proving the thir", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a6750a477bf913a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 31310, "end": 31328, "quote": "902 F.2d at 180-81", "context": "t is sufficient if the terms of Vanguard’s offer to deal are “unreasonable.” See Delaware & Hudson, 902 F.2d at 180-81. Sunshine has plead that the terms on which Vanguard would enter an agreement are unreasonable. Com", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "902 F.2d 174", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_902/0174_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a4069045d772957", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 32708, "end": 32720, "quote": "845 F.2d 404", "context": "ry or anticompetitive conduct. Kelco Disposal, Inc. v. Browning-Ferris Industries of Vermont, Inc., 845 F.2d 404, 408 (2d Cir. 1988), aff'd on other grounds 492 U.S. 257, 109 S.Ct. 2909, 106 L.Ed.2d 219 (1989); V", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "845 F.2d 404", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_845/0404_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c122f1692e302ff0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 32765, "end": 32777, "quote": "492 U.S. 257", "context": "owning-Ferris Industries of Vermont, Inc., 845 F.2d 404, 408 (2d Cir. 1988), aff'd on other grounds 492 U.S. 257, 109 S.Ct. 2909, 106 L.Ed.2d 219 (1989); Volvo, 857 F.2d at 74. Vanguard claims Sunshine has not al", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "492 U.S. 257", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbe6a357caa509a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 32779, "end": 32793, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 2909", "context": "Industries of Vermont, Inc., 845 F.2d 404, 408 (2d Cir. 1988), aff'd on other grounds 492 U.S. 257, 109 S.Ct. 2909, 106 L.Ed.2d 219 (1989); Volvo, 857 F.2d at 74. Vanguard claims Sunshine has not alleged either dir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 2909", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "742b2001e6935c9f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 32795, "end": 32810, "quote": "106 L.Ed.2d 219", "context": "rmont, Inc., 845 F.2d 404, 408 (2d Cir. 1988), aff'd on other grounds 492 U.S. 257, 109 S.Ct. 2909, 106 L.Ed.2d 219 (1989); Volvo, 857 F.2d at 74. Vanguard claims Sunshine has not alleged either direct or indirect e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 L. Ed. 2d 219", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "906145de26384d1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 32826, "end": 32840, "quote": "857 F.2d at 74", "context": "(2d Cir. 1988), aff'd on other grounds 492 U.S. 257, 109 S.Ct. 2909, 106 L.Ed.2d 219 (1989); Volvo, 857 F.2d at 74. Vanguard claims Sunshine has not alleged either direct or indirect evidence sufficient for specifi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "857 F.2d 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_857/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b597d80f79b2adc8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 33295, "end": 33298, "quote": "§ 2", "context": " intent. See Complaint 1123, 56.\nFor the foregoing reasons, Vanguard’s motion to dismiss Sunshine’s § 2 Sherman Act monopoly and attempted monopoly claims pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6), F.R.Civ. P., is denie", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a7a5fe0f9a0121af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 33747, "end": 33750, "quote": "§ 2", "context": "e 12(b)(6), F.R.Civ. P., for the same reasons Vanguard asserted in its motion to dismiss Sunshine’s § 2 claims. However, Sunshine’s § 2 claims survived Vanguard’s motion to dismiss. Therefore, Vanguard’s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ff5411641f50b12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 33779, "end": 33782, "quote": "§ 2", "context": " same reasons Vanguard asserted in its motion to dismiss Sunshine’s § 2 claims. However, Sunshine’s § 2 claims survived Vanguard’s motion to dismiss. Therefore, Vanguard’s motion to dismiss Sunshine’s Pe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "040c1ecb982172fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 34442, "end": 34453, "quote": "488 Pa. 198", "context": "; and (4) actual damage resulting from defendant’s conduct. See Thompson Coal Co. v. Pike Coal Co., 488 Pa. 198, 412 A.2d 466 (1979).\nThe first element of this tort requires Sunshine to show that it is “reasonab", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 Pa. 198", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac83541130317304", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 34455, "end": 34467, "quote": "412 A.2d 466", "context": "ual damage resulting from defendant’s conduct. See Thompson Coal Co. v. Pike Coal Co., 488 Pa. 198, 412 A.2d 466 (1979).\nThe first element of this tort requires Sunshine to show that it is “reasonably probable” t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "412 A.2d 466", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e8b289ca48ba46c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 34699, "end": 34710, "quote": "441 Pa. 474", "context": "een it and third parties, Vanguard customers, would have occurred. See Glenn v. Point Park College, 441 Pa. 474, 272 A.2d 895, 898-99 (1971); General Sound Tel. Co. v. AT & T Communications, Inc., 654 F.Supp. 15", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "441 Pa. 474", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99d05e4662250df1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 34712, "end": 34724, "quote": "272 A.2d 895", "context": "ird parties, Vanguard customers, would have occurred. See Glenn v. Point Park College, 441 Pa. 474, 272 A.2d 895, 898-99 (1971); General Sound Tel. Co. v. AT & T Communications, Inc., 654 F.Supp. 1562 (E.D.Pa.198", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "272 A.2d 895", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0707ad4155f5931", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 34796, "end": 34812, "quote": "654 F.Supp. 1562", "context": "e, 441 Pa. 474, 272 A.2d 895, 898-99 (1971); General Sound Tel. Co. v. AT & T Communications, Inc., 654 F.Supp. 1562 (E.D.Pa.1987). Vanguard contends that Sunshine’s allegations amount to no more than “mere hope\" of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "654 F. Supp. 1562", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_654/1562_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "854ea68181614504", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 35888, "end": 35900, "quote": "612 A.2d 500", "context": "th which Sunshine alleges Vanguard interfered. See Rutherfoord v. Presbyterian-University Hospital, 612 A.2d 500 (Pa.Super.1992).\nVanguard attacks Sunshine’s satisfactory pleading of the fourth element of this to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "612 A.2d 500", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb9f74b8fa969d0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 36632, "end": 36643, "quote": "482 Pa. 416", "context": "d automatic access to Sunshine’s system. See Adler, Barish, Daniels, Levin and Creskoff v. Epstein, 482 Pa. 416, 431, 393 A.2d 1175 (1978).\nSunshine’s Complaint contains all elements for asserting tortious inter", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "482 Pa. 416", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9dea139d5ad2ea1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 36650, "end": 36663, "quote": "393 A.2d 1175", "context": " to Sunshine’s system. See Adler, Barish, Daniels, Levin and Creskoff v. Epstein, 482 Pa. 416, 431, 393 A.2d 1175 (1978).\nSunshine’s Complaint contains all elements for asserting tortious interference with busines", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "393 A.2d 1175", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a53a0ff8e5522fc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 37990, "end": 38006, "quote": "760 F.Supp. 1046", "context": "ons have no possible relation to the controversy. See Laverpool v. New York City Transit Authority, 760 F.Supp. 1046, 1061 (E.D.N.Y.1991). If there is any doubt whether the challenged matter may raise an issue of fac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "760 F. Supp. 1046", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_760/1046_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b4688d3684c74827", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 38293, "end": 38299, "quote": "§ 1382", "context": " left for the adjudication on the merits. Wright & Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure: Civil 2d § 1382 at 697-700. Although Sunshine does not assert a claim for malicious prosecution or wrongful use of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55be53050e98a2fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 38837, "end": 38849, "quote": "694 F.2d 466", "context": "cific intent and anticompetitive behavior. See, .e.g., Grip-Pak, Inc. v. Illinois Tool Works, Inc., 694 F.2d 466 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. den., 461 U.S. 958, 103 S.Ct. 2430, 77 L.Ed.2d 1317 (1983) (sham litigation ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "694 F.2d 466", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_694/0466_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b44e5a710cb5d7a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 38879, "end": 38891, "quote": "461 U.S. 958", "context": " See, .e.g., Grip-Pak, Inc. v. Illinois Tool Works, Inc., 694 F.2d 466 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. den., 461 U.S. 958, 103 S.Ct. 2430, 77 L.Ed.2d 1317 (1983) (sham litigation may form a predicate for Sherman Act § 1 v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "461 U.S. 958", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8add6887061f0c66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 38893, "end": 38907, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 2430", "context": "rip-Pak, Inc. v. Illinois Tool Works, Inc., 694 F.2d 466 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. den., 461 U.S. 958, 103 S.Ct. 2430, 77 L.Ed.2d 1317 (1983) (sham litigation may form a predicate for Sherman Act § 1 violation even if", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 2430", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b7af4bf545dcd71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 38909, "end": 38924, "quote": "77 L.Ed.2d 1317", "context": " Illinois Tool Works, Inc., 694 F.2d 466 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. den., 461 U.S. 958, 103 S.Ct. 2430, 77 L.Ed.2d 1317 (1983) (sham litigation may form a predicate for Sherman Act § 1 violation even if not tortious).\nF", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 L. Ed. 2d 1317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e45b5a7c84ac836", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 38986, "end": 38989, "quote": "§ 1", "context": ". 958, 103 S.Ct. 2430, 77 L.Ed.2d 1317 (1983) (sham litigation may form a predicate for Sherman Act § 1 violation even if not tortious).\nFor the foregoing reasons, Vanguard’s motion to strike is denied.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "091a254ab96d409b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 39163, "end": 39179, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "context": "tion to strike is denied.\nIV. MOTION TO TRANSFER VENUE\nVanguard moves to transfer venue pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a) from the Southern District of New York to either North Carolina or Pennsylvania. Section 1404(a)", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a95c34fb38f1eb2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 39173, "end": 39182, "quote": "§ 1404(a)", "context": "rike is denied.\nIV. MOTION TO TRANSFER VENUE\nVanguard moves to transfer venue pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a) from the Southern District of New York to either North Carolina or Pennsylvania. Section 1404(a) pr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a9c4d758436c649", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 39264, "end": 39279, "quote": "Section 1404(a)", "context": "8 U.S.C. § 1404(a) from the Southern District of New York to either North Carolina or Pennsylvania. Section 1404(a) provides that “[f]or the convenience of parties and witnesses, in the interests of justice, a distr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e61069a41e577d49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 39488, "end": 39504, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "context": " may transfer any civil action to any other district or division where it might have been brought.” 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a).\nThe relevant criteria in deciding a motion to transfer include: (1) the convenience of the part", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1404", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fdec93c3210c8c8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 39498, "end": 39507, "quote": "§ 1404(a)", "context": "fer any civil action to any other district or division where it might have been brought.” 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a).\nThe relevant criteria in deciding a motion to transfer include: (1) the convenience of the parties", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09be9b880098c7c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 39932, "end": 39947, "quote": "705 F.Supp. 918", "context": "roblems making trial of a case expeditious and inexpensive. Seagoing Uniform Corp. v. Texaco, Inc., 705 F.Supp. 918, 935 (S.D.N.Y.1989) (Motley, J.); Schieffelin & Co. v. Jack Co. of Boca, Inc., 725 F.Supp. 1314, 13", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "705 F. Supp. 918", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_705/0918_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "281c88648df60b43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 40027, "end": 40043, "quote": "725 F.Supp. 1314", "context": "nc., 705 F.Supp. 918, 935 (S.D.N.Y.1989) (Motley, J.); Schieffelin & Co. v. Jack Co. of Boca, Inc., 725 F.Supp. 1314, 1321 (S.D.N.Y.1989) (Leisure, J.).\nSince Sunshine and its partners are not located in this distric", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "725 F. Supp. 1314", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_725/1314_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2b6db018f64b5b01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 40576, "end": 40591, "quote": "660 F.Supp. 174", "context": ", his choice is still entitled to significant weight. Motown Record Corp. v. Mary Jane Girls, Inc., 660 F.Supp. 174, 175 (S.D.N.Y.1987) (Sweet, J.). Furthermore, Vanguard has not shown that North Carolina would be m", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "660 F. Supp. 174", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_660/0174_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "496b7e9b51614839", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 41001, "end": 41016, "quote": "661 F.Supp. 555", "context": "enienced by litigating here. See, e.g., Reid Dominion Packaging, Ltd. v. Old Tyme Softdrinks, Inc., 661 F.Supp. 555, 556 (W.D.N.Y.1987).\nVanguard claims this district is inconvenient for all of its witnesses because", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "661 F. Supp. 555", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_661/0555_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a8e3d6cd2696dc6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 41634, "end": 41653, "quote": "442 F.Supp. at 1207", "context": "t be insufferable since Vanguard’s witnesses need only be present while testifying. See Star Lines, 442 F.Supp. at 1207.\nAccess to documents and other proof is not a persuasive factor in favor of transfer without proof ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d51c949f214088d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 42035, "end": 42050, "quote": "604 F.Supp. 978", "context": "o bring its evidence to North Carolina or Pennsylvania. See Stinnes Interoil, Inc. v. Apex Oil Co., 604 F.Supp. 978, 983 (S.D.N.Y.1985) (Leisure, J.). Vanguard has not proffered evidence suggesting either contingenc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "604 F. Supp. 978", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_604/0978_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e5362f9175e874d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 42984, "end": 42999, "quote": "539 F.Supp. 190", "context": "need be, the case can be handled here on an expedited basis. See Dow Jones & Co. v. Board of Trade, 539 F.Supp. 190, 192-93 (S.D.N.Y.1982) (Carter, J.) (“docket congestion is not considered a dispositive factor in t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "539 F. Supp. 190", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_539/0190_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6fc8520660b6070a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 43381, "end": 43399, "quote": "604 F.Supp. at 983", "context": "hine’s Pennsylvania law claims does not require the expertise of a Pennsylvania court. See Stinnes, 604 F.Supp. at 983 (fact that Missouri law controls not relevant because Missouri abides by Uniform Commercial Code wh", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "604 F. Supp. 978", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_604/0978_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec4c3285f383e12d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 43758, "end": 43773, "quote": "612 A.2d at 507", "context": "ious interference of business relations is based on the Restatement (Second) of torts. Rutherfoord, 612 A.2d at 507 (Pennsylvania adopted Restatement Second definition for tortious interference with business relatio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "612 A.2d 500", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cadfa931bef96f7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 43880, "end": 43889, "quote": "§ 1404(a)", "context": "ylvania adopted Restatement Second definition for tortious interference with business relations).\nA § 1404(a) motion should not be granted if all transfer would accomplish is to shift the inconveniences from o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3eca4d356e4e27be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 44020, "end": 44038, "quote": "604 F.Supp. at 984", "context": "f all transfer would accomplish is to shift the inconveniences from one side to the other. Stinnes, 604 F.Supp. at 984. Transfer of venue in this case to either North Carolina or Pennsylvania would merely shift the inc", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "604 F. Supp. 978", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_604/0978_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dc67ae1a97c9b6f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 44356, "end": 44365, "quote": "Section 4", "context": " SO ORDERED.\n. Sunshine does not make clear, however, whether this regulation is still in effect.\n. Section 4 of the Clayton Act provides in relevant part that “any person who shall be injured in his business ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff9bd97892116880", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 44569, "end": 44583, "quote": "15 U.S.C. § 15", "context": "roperty by reason of anything forbidden in the antitrust laws may sue therefor\" for treble damages. 15 U.S.C. § 15(a). Section 16 of the Clayton Act provides in relevant part that: “Any person, firm, corporation, o", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "15 U.S.C. § 15", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_15/title15_sec15_21c55a14c57c/15_suits_by_persons_injured_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "f99ff8c18e3c4a83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 44579, "end": 44586, "quote": "§ 15(a)", "context": " reason of anything forbidden in the antitrust laws may sue therefor\" for treble damages. 15 U.S.C. § 15(a). Section 16 of the Clayton Act provides in relevant part that: “Any person, firm, corporation, or a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_15/title15_sec15_21c55a14c57c/15_suits_by_persons_injured_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "edc3c8bd0c53c955", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 44588, "end": 44598, "quote": "Section 16", "context": "f anything forbidden in the antitrust laws may sue therefor\" for treble damages. 15 U.S.C. § 15(a). Section 16 of the Clayton Act provides in relevant part that: “Any person, firm, corporation, or association s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ee44a2feebe523d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 44833, "end": 44847, "quote": "15 U.S.C. § 26", "context": "e injunctive relief ... against threatened loss or damage by a violation of the antitrust laws....” 15 U.S.C. § 26.\n. In Otter Tail only one company, either the defendant or a town’s municipal electrical power comp", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "15 U.S.C. § 26", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_26/title15_sec26_001cfbd6f15f/26_injunctive_relief_for_private_parties_exception_costs_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "fcc4735b9f7cbdcc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 44843, "end": 44848, "quote": "§ 26.", "context": "ve relief ... against threatened loss or damage by a violation of the antitrust laws....” 15 U.S.C. § 26.\n. In Otter Tail only one company, either the defendant or a town’s municipal electrical power compa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_26/title15_sec26_001cfbd6f15f/26_injunctive_relief_for_private_parties_exception_costs_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb0cd01416f71995", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 45168, "end": 45186, "quote": "410 U.S. at 388-89", "context": "ture was relevant, and considered it significant that “a monopoly [wa]s sure to result either way.” 410 U.S. at 388-89, 93 S.Ct. at 1035. The majority found it unnecessary to deal with the dissent's concern, and held t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "410 U.S. 366", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9ef1620c8565f71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 45188, "end": 45204, "quote": "93 S.Ct. at 1035", "context": "nd considered it significant that “a monopoly [wa]s sure to result either way.” 410 U.S. at 388-89, 93 S.Ct. at 1035. The majority found it unnecessary to deal with the dissent's concern, and held that the defendant ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 1022", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "496ba2291842a39f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 45411, "end": 45421, "quote": "Id. at 377", "context": "d the antitrust laws by refusing to sell its wholesale electrical power to the municipal companies. Id. at 377, 93 S.Ct. at 1029. Because of defendant’s refusal to sell, the municipal companies were unable to c", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ffa2d6f21ede5dd6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 45423, "end": 45439, "quote": "93 S.Ct. at 1029", "context": "ust laws by refusing to sell its wholesale electrical power to the municipal companies. Id. at 377, 93 S.Ct. at 1029. Because of defendant’s refusal to sell, the municipal companies were unable to compete against the", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 1022", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "985da2a184eb28e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 45738, "end": 45750, "quote": "807 F.2d 520", "context": "er than by purchasing it from defendant.\n. Like Vanguard, defendants in Fishman v. Estate of Wirtz, 807 F.2d 520, 533 (7th Cir.1986), argued there could be no antitrust injury because “substitution of one competi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "807 F.2d 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_807/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b8bf297992ad05fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 46092, "end": 46095, "quote": "Id.", "context": "cut off all competition for acquisition of the Bulls franchise and injured plaintiffs as a result.” Id. Although defendants and plaintiff could never meet in head-to-head competition in the relevant mark", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "807 F.2d 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_807/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f62133c2a3621b4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 46470, "end": 46480, "quote": "Id. at 536", "context": "ocess____ A healthy and unimpaired competitive process is presumed to be in the consumer interest.” Id. at 536.\n. In Disenos, the court explained that just because another group could also bring a monopoly clai", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "807 F.2d 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_807/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2eaa69130a10b789", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 46633, "end": 46652, "quote": "676 F.Supp. at 1279", "context": " another group could also bring a monopoly claim does not mean that the plaintiffs claim is barred. 676 F.Supp. at 1279.\n. Limiting the relevant market to a particular group of customers may be particularly appropriate ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "676 F. Supp. 1254", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_676/1254_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6a181e0ed76feaa8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 46829, "end": 46841, "quote": "777 F.2d 306", "context": "rticularly appropriate in monopsony cases. In Jayco Systems, Inc. v. Savin Business Machines Corp., 777 F.2d 306 (5th Cir.1985), cert. den. 479 U.S. 816, 107 S.Ct. 73, 93 L.Ed.2d 30 (1986), plaintiff alleged that", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "777 F.2d 306", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_777/0306_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "01bba1cfd41baa5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 46869, "end": 46881, "quote": "479 U.S. 816", "context": "s. In Jayco Systems, Inc. v. Savin Business Machines Corp., 777 F.2d 306 (5th Cir.1985), cert. den. 479 U.S. 816, 107 S.Ct. 73, 93 L.Ed.2d 30 (1986), plaintiff alleged that defendant attempted to monopolize the c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "479 U.S. 816", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88d17bf3114ee60b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 46883, "end": 46895, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 73", "context": "stems, Inc. v. Savin Business Machines Corp., 777 F.2d 306 (5th Cir.1985), cert. den. 479 U.S. 816, 107 S.Ct. 73, 93 L.Ed.2d 30 (1986), plaintiff alleged that defendant attempted to monopolize the copier business", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 73", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbed18dce6e4aec5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 46897, "end": 46910, "quote": "93 L.Ed.2d 30", "context": " Savin Business Machines Corp., 777 F.2d 306 (5th Cir.1985), cert. den. 479 U.S. 816, 107 S.Ct. 73, 93 L.Ed.2d 30 (1986), plaintiff alleged that defendant attempted to monopolize the copier business of one custome", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 2d 30", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f57f18389d139bf9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 47345, "end": 47355, "quote": "Id. at 320", "context": "e considered a relevant market, lest we wish to clothe each and every sale with an antitrust suit.” Id. at 320. However, the court noted, \"We hazard the suggestion that a single purchaser could not be considere", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ac9e7f183650237", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 47547, "end": 47559, "quote": "Id. at n. 46", "context": "onsidered a relevant market unless plaintiff made some showing of the purchaser’s monopsony power.” Id. at n. 46.\n. Under a monopoly leveraging theory, plaintiff must prove that the defendant has monopoly power i", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6fd95f55dba3fcf9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 47924, "end": 47936, "quote": "771 F.2d 672", "context": "ly achieved by the defendant in the second market. See Grand Light & Supply Co. v. Honeywell, Inc., 771 F.2d 672, 681 (2d Cir.1985); Soap Opera Now, 737 F.Supp. at 1344. However, the Second Circuit has pointed ou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "771 F.2d 672", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_771/0672_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e6d4057a46883bef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 47973, "end": 47992, "quote": "737 F.Supp. at 1344", "context": ". See Grand Light & Supply Co. v. Honeywell, Inc., 771 F.2d 672, 681 (2d Cir.1985); Soap Opera Now, 737 F.Supp. at 1344. However, the Second Circuit has pointed out that its monopoly leveraging theory was dictum and inv", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "737 F. Supp. 1338", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_737/1338_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de0bb07237aa3905", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 48238, "end": 48250, "quote": "900 F.2d 566", "context": "eory is inapplicable to non-\"tying” claims. See Twin Laboratories, Inc. v. Weider Health & Fitness, 900 F.2d 566, 570-571. Sunshine does not assert a tying claim.\n. As in its attack on Sunshine’s antitrust injury", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "900 F.2d 566", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_900/0566_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e87bc632854f7b2e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 48908, "end": 48923, "quote": "410 U.S. at 377", "context": ", they could never compete head-to-head in the relevant market of providing retail electricity. See 410 U.S. at 377, 93 S.Ct. at 1029. Furthermore, Sunshine has alleged that it and Vanguard are engaged in a form of ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "410 U.S. 366", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9fab7959fff5e9a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 48925, "end": 48941, "quote": "93 S.Ct. at 1029", "context": "r compete head-to-head in the relevant market of providing retail electricity. See 410 U.S. at 377, 93 S.Ct. at 1029. Furthermore, Sunshine has alleged that it and Vanguard are engaged in a form of competition with r", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 1022", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "849b207ee59657b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 49310, "end": 49325, "quote": "807 F.2d at 520", "context": "n access to the market by displacing Sunshine. This form of competition is sufficient. See Fishman, 807 F.2d at 520 (relevant market may be \"the market to which access is sought”).\n. Vanguard is correct that the Sec", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "807 F.2d 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_807/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eeaaa7df6f745102", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 49756, "end": 49771, "quote": "900 F.2d at 570", "context": "dgment decision which requires much more factual proof than a motion to dismiss. Twin Laboratories, 900 F.2d at 570.\n. See e.g., Official Airline Guides, Inc. v. FTC, 630 F.2d 920, 925-926 (2d Cir.1980), cert. den.,", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "900 F.2d 566", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_900/0566_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "288caf8fb6c11631", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 49823, "end": 49835, "quote": "630 F.2d 920", "context": "n to dismiss. Twin Laboratories, 900 F.2d at 570.\n. See e.g., Official Airline Guides, Inc. v. FTC, 630 F.2d 920, 925-926 (2d Cir.1980), cert. den., 450 U.S. 917, 101 S.Ct. 1362, 67 L.Ed.2d 343 (1981) (since mono", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "630 F.2d 920", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_630/0920_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7131ae3a07df9e5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 49872, "end": 49884, "quote": "450 U.S. 917", "context": "\n. See e.g., Official Airline Guides, Inc. v. FTC, 630 F.2d 920, 925-926 (2d Cir.1980), cert. den., 450 U.S. 917, 101 S.Ct. 1362, 67 L.Ed.2d 343 (1981) (since monopolist in airline schedule publishing industry wa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "450 U.S. 917", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "438a8288c6028c77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 49886, "end": 49900, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 1362", "context": "fficial Airline Guides, Inc. v. FTC, 630 F.2d 920, 925-926 (2d Cir.1980), cert. den., 450 U.S. 917, 101 S.Ct. 1362, 67 L.Ed.2d 343 (1981) (since monopolist in airline schedule publishing industry was engaged in a d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 1362", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a1a0f5e54cb1439", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 49902, "end": 49916, "quote": "67 L.Ed.2d 343", "context": "Guides, Inc. v. FTC, 630 F.2d 920, 925-926 (2d Cir.1980), cert. den., 450 U.S. 917, 101 S.Ct. 1362, 67 L.Ed.2d 343 (1981) (since monopolist in airline schedule publishing industry was engaged in a different line of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 L. Ed. 2d 343", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4738a7bb1f1fc448", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 50245, "end": 50257, "quote": "848 F.2d 976", "context": " to deal or denial of essential facility); Ferguson v. Greater Pocatello Chamber of Commerce, Inc., 848 F.2d 976, 982-983 (9th Cir.1988) (college was not in business of producing trade shows, so it could not be a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "848 F.2d 976", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_848/0976_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f4df50ddb6430568", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 50798, "end": 50814, "quote": "442 F.Supp. 1201", "context": " forum is entitled to particular respect.” Star Lines, Ltd. v. Puerto Rico Maritime Shipping Auth., 442 F.Supp. 1201, 1207 (S.D.N.Y.1978) (Carter, J.); see also, Expoconsul Int'l, Inc. v. A/E Systems, Inc., 711 F.Sup", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "442 F. Supp. 1201", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_442/1201_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "77bd14e875c41353", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_810/0486_01/index.html", "start": 50905, "end": 50920, "quote": "711 F.Supp. 730", "context": "upp. 1201, 1207 (S.D.N.Y.1978) (Carter, J.); see also, Expoconsul Int'l, Inc. v. A/E Systems, Inc., 711 F.Supp. 730, 735 (S.D.N.Y.1989) (Walker, J.). There is strong enough connection to this district to warrant def", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "711 F. Supp. 730", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_711/0730_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "85861a3daa912940", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 116, "end": 130, "quote": "sections 10(b)", "context": " TO DISMISS\nKANE, Senior District Judge.\nThis is a putative class action for securities fraud under sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 15 U.S.C. §§ 78j(b), 78t(a), and Securities and E", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8258a61699cedc3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 191, "end": 200, "quote": "§§ 78j(b)", "context": "r securities fraud under sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 15 U.S.C. §§ 78j(b), 78t(a), and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Rule 10b-5, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5 (1992). Pla", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_15/section_78j/title15_sec78j_0d32bcdde2f4/78j_manipulative_and_deceptive_devices_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "220681a17c8a1c0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 267, "end": 288, "quote": "17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5", "context": " Act of 1934, 15 U.S.C. §§ 78j(b), 78t(a), and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Rule 10b-5, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5 (1992). Plaintiffs, members of an alleged class consisting of persons who purchased stock in the Ex", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91e1ebf8ddb579dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 3288, "end": 3300, "quote": "485 U.S. 224", "context": "complaint is predicated on the “fraud on the market” theory. See generally Basic, Inc. v. Levinson, 485 U.S. 224, 241-42, 108 S.Ct. 978, 988-89, 99 L.Ed.2d 194 (1988). Defendants moved to dismiss, the complaint o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "485 U.S. 224", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9678fd5db3074a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 3310, "end": 3323, "quote": "108 S.Ct. 978", "context": "d on the “fraud on the market” theory. See generally Basic, Inc. v. Levinson, 485 U.S. 224, 241-42, 108 S.Ct. 978, 988-89, 99 L.Ed.2d 194 (1988). Defendants moved to dismiss, the complaint on February 10, 1993.\nII", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 S. Ct. 978", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "142c1b65fb1e91d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 3333, "end": 3347, "quote": "99 L.Ed.2d 194", "context": "market” theory. See generally Basic, Inc. v. Levinson, 485 U.S. 224, 241-42, 108 S.Ct. 978, 988-89, 99 L.Ed.2d 194 (1988). Defendants moved to dismiss, the complaint on February 10, 1993.\nII. Merits.\nA. Sufficiency", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 L. Ed. 2d 194", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a13c29bfb9695fa0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 3838, "end": 3850, "quote": "956 F.2d 982", "context": "onduct which allegedly violated the statutes in question.” Farlow v. Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co., 956 F.2d 982, 986 (10th Cir.1992). Thus, on a motion to dismiss under Rule 9(b), I examine the complaint to dete", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "956 F.2d 982", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_956/0982_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "008aa36758839f59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 4181, "end": 4193, "quote": "924 F.2d 176", "context": " the false statement and the consequences thereof.” Lawrence Nat’l Bank v. Edmonds (In re Edmonds), 924 F.2d 176, 180 (10th Cir.1991).\nDefendants’ primary objection to the complaint is that Plaintiffs’ allegation", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "924 F.2d 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_924/0176_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f4fef477001e367", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 4510, "end": 4522, "quote": "956 F.2d 963", "context": "e, intent, knowledge and other condition of the mind to be averred generally. See Scheidt v. Klein, 956 F.2d 963, 967 (10th Cir.1992); Phelps v. Wichita Eagle-Beacon, 886 F.2d 1262, 1270 (10th Cir.1989). Thus, th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "956 F.2d 963", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_956/0963_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9920baeb0c61465f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 4577, "end": 4590, "quote": "886 F.2d 1262", "context": "generally. See Scheidt v. Klein, 956 F.2d 963, 967 (10th Cir.1992); Phelps v. Wichita Eagle-Beacon, 886 F.2d 1262, 1270 (10th Cir.1989). Thus, the scienter requirement of a securities fraud claim may be averred ge", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "886 F.2d 1262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_886/1262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "081e0f0def789422", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 4906, "end": 4922, "quote": "767 F.Supp. 1023", "context": "rmation falsely portraying a company’s financial condition. See In re Adobe Sys., Inc. Sec. Litig., 767 F.Supp. 1023, 1028 (N.D.Cal.1991). Plaintiffs have further alleged unusual levels of insider, trading during the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "767 F. Supp. 1023", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_767/1023_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e844cb299e02bffd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 5135, "end": 5148, "quote": "886 F.2d 1109", "context": ", which itself is sufficient to establish scienter. See In re Apple Computer Securities Litigation, 886 F.2d 1109, 1117 (9th Cir.1989), cert. denied, 496 U.S. 943, 110 S.Ct. 3229, 110 L.Ed.2d 676 (1990).\nWith resp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "886 F.2d 1109", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_886/1109_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cf1aa5ff6219b5e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 5185, "end": 5197, "quote": "496 U.S. 943", "context": ". See In re Apple Computer Securities Litigation, 886 F.2d 1109, 1117 (9th Cir.1989), cert. denied, 496 U.S. 943, 110 S.Ct. 3229, 110 L.Ed.2d 676 (1990).\nWith respect to_ the other essential elements of Plaintiff", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "496 U.S. 943", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e6937e26d500147", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 5199, "end": 5213, "quote": "110 S.Ct. 3229", "context": "ple Computer Securities Litigation, 886 F.2d 1109, 1117 (9th Cir.1989), cert. denied, 496 U.S. 943, 110 S.Ct. 3229, 110 L.Ed.2d 676 (1990).\nWith respect to_ the other essential elements of Plaintiffs’ claims, the c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S. Ct. 3229", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74fa4f409302c6ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 5215, "end": 5230, "quote": "110 L.Ed.2d 676", "context": "urities Litigation, 886 F.2d 1109, 1117 (9th Cir.1989), cert. denied, 496 U.S. 943, 110 S.Ct. 3229, 110 L.Ed.2d 676 (1990).\nWith respect to_ the other essential elements of Plaintiffs’ claims, the complaint is not d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 L. Ed. 2d 676", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45c9373fd73d1008", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 5603, "end": 5618, "quote": "728 F.Supp. 926", "context": "lains why Plaintiffs believe they were fraudulent. See Polycast Technology Corp. v. Uniroyal, Inc., 728 F.Supp. 926, 942 (S.D.N.Y.1989) (allegations specifying “time, place, speaker and content of alleged misreprese", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "728 F. Supp. 926", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_728/0926_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dbecfae16b74b59a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 6212, "end": 6226, "quote": "972 F.2d. 1545", "context": "ts in support of their claims to entitle , them to relief.” Boone v. Carlsbad Bancorporation, Inc., 972 F.2d. 1545, 1551 (10th Cir.1992). In making this determination, I accept all the well-pleaded allegations of t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "972 F.2d 1545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_972/1545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2bdecffe0bbc9225", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 6436, "end": 6448, "quote": "926 F.2d 994", "context": "nt as true and must construe them in the light most favorable to Plaintiffs. See Williams v. Meese, 926 F.2d 994, 997 (10th Cir.1991).\nThe allegedly fraudulent disclosures take two forms. The first consists of st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "926 F.2d 994", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_926/0994_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d3d943df08aa71ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 7946, "end": 7949, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ph likewise concludes with figures for sales revenues attributable to OEMs from 1989 through 1991. (Id.)\nPlaintiffs contend that these paragraphs are misleading because they fail to disclose that, as of ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d2242dcbf0e909f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 8662, "end": 8665, "quote": "Id.", "context": " the Company’s already deteriorating gross margins and earnings from its older 8200 product line.” (Id. ¶ 16(b).)\nPlaintiffs’ contentions focus on the future balance of sales between VARs and OEMs and re", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a8899e52d6207db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 9182, "end": 9194, "quote": "892 F.2d 509", "context": "filings. In fact, for many years, the SEC discouraged this. See Wielgos v. Commonwealth Edison Co., 892 F.2d 509, 514 (7th Cir.1989); Walker v. Action Indus., Inc., 802 F.2d 703, 707 (4th Cir.1986), cert. denied,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "892 F.2d 509", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_892/0509_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "274314b269887c88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 9247, "end": 9259, "quote": "802 F.2d 703", "context": "ielgos v. Commonwealth Edison Co., 892 F.2d 509, 514 (7th Cir.1989); Walker v. Action Indus., Inc., 802 F.2d 703, 707 (4th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1065, 107 S.Ct. 952, 93 L.Ed.2d 1000 (1987). The report", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "802 F.2d 703", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_802/0703_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c2c936f94420acfb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 9295, "end": 9308, "quote": "479 U.S. 1065", "context": " 514 (7th Cir.1989); Walker v. Action Indus., Inc., 802 F.2d 703, 707 (4th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1065, 107 S.Ct. 952, 93 L.Ed.2d 1000 (1987). The reporting of historical data alone cannot be interprete", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "479 U.S. 1065", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80e8686e3b20b9e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 9310, "end": 9323, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 952", "context": "989); Walker v. Action Indus., Inc., 802 F.2d 703, 707 (4th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1065, 107 S.Ct. 952, 93 L.Ed.2d 1000 (1987). The reporting of historical data alone cannot be interpreted as a predicti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 952", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4205ccff2939f84a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 9325, "end": 9340, "quote": "93 L.Ed.2d 1000", "context": " Action Indus., Inc., 802 F.2d 703, 707 (4th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1065, 107 S.Ct. 952, 93 L.Ed.2d 1000 (1987). The reporting of historical data alone cannot be interpreted as a prediction of future perf", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 2d 1000", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95ee1490078b900c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 9503, "end": 9515, "quote": "948 F.2d 507", "context": "preted as a prediction of future performance. See, e.g., In re Convergent Technologies Sec. Litig., 948 F.2d 507, 513 (9th Cir.1991); In re Apple Computer Sec. Litig., 886 F.2d at 1118-19; In re Verifone Securiti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "948 F.2d 507", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_948/0507_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "33609d98d8411b4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 9571, "end": 9590, "quote": "886 F.2d at 1118-19", "context": "rgent Technologies Sec. Litig., 948 F.2d 507, 513 (9th Cir.1991); In re Apple Computer Sec. Litig., 886 F.2d at 1118-19; In re Verifone Securities Litigation, 784 F.Supp. 1471, 1481 (N.D.Cal.1992). Furthermore, even if ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "964ba4042164b696", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 9630, "end": 9646, "quote": "784 F.Supp. 1471", "context": "1991); In re Apple Computer Sec. Litig., 886 F.2d at 1118-19; In re Verifone Securities Litigation, 784 F.Supp. 1471, 1481 (N.D.Cal.1992). Furthermore, even if such data could be interpreted as a prediction, the tren", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "784 F. Supp. 1471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_784/1471_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5626cb777790a01e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 13150, "end": 13169, "quote": "17 C.F.R. § 231.175", "context": "can be held liable for securities fraud if those predictions were unreasonable or in bad faith. See 17 C.F.R. § 231.175 (1992) (forward-looking statements in SEC filings not fraudulent unless “made or reaffirmed without", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "17 C.F.R. § 231.175", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ba6bac54edfcfa4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 13383, "end": 13399, "quote": "886 F.2d at 1113", "context": "basis or . .■■ disclosed other than in good faith.”) In In re Apple Computer Securities Litigation, 886 F.2d at 1113, the court defined the standards for determining whether a projection is fraudulent:\nA projection o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "886 F.2d 1109", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_886/1109_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54d7c79e22854f86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 14797, "end": 14810, "quote": "844 F.2d 1317", "context": "information, not information otherwise available publicly. See Acme Propane, Inc. v. Tenexco, Inc., 844 F.2d 1317, 1328 (7th Cir.1988) (“The securities laws require the disclosure of information that is otherwise ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "844 F.2d 1317", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_844/1317_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5ae020c3ea44a003", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 14967, "end": 14986, "quote": "784 F.Supp. at 1481", "context": "isclosure of information that is otherwise not in the public domain.”); In re Verifone Sec. Litig., 784 F.Supp. at 1481 (“shareholders and potential investors are most in need of ‘hard’ information such as sales and pro", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "784 F. Supp. 1471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_784/1471_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ee0cba4e528b5677", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 15239, "end": 15254, "quote": "676 F.Supp. 458", "context": "e control of the corporation”); In re Union Carbide Corp. Consumer Prods. Business Sec. Litigation, 676 F.Supp. 458, 469 (S.D.N.Y.1987). Failure to disclose general economic trends, as opposed to firm-specific infor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "676 F. Supp. 458", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_676/0458_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "59207f18b9c23361", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 15446, "end": 15461, "quote": "892 F.2d at 515", "context": "ic information, cannot form the basis for securities fraud, see Wielgos v. Commonwealth Edison Co., 892 F.2d at 515; Kowal v. MCI Communications Corp., No. 90-2862, 1992 WL 121378 at *1 (D.D.C. May 20, 1992) (dismis", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "892 F.2d 509", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_892/0509_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00e3275425d71322", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 15511, "end": 15525, "quote": "1992 WL 121378", "context": "ielgos v. Commonwealth Edison Co., 892 F.2d at 515; Kowal v. MCI Communications Corp., No. 90-2862, 1992 WL 121378 at *1 (D.D.C. May 20, 1992) (dismissing case “where essentially the only allegation is that defenda", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1992 WL 121378", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "af4da0720166090f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 16115, "end": 16134, "quote": "886 F.2d at 1114-15", "context": "n the company’s. business that is already publicly available. See In re Apple Computer Sec. Litig., 886 F.2d at 1114-15.\nPlaintiffs’ claims, therefore, rest on their contention that Defendants knew and failed to disclos", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a87aea5574380c8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 18889, "end": 18905, "quote": "761 F.Supp. 1411", "context": "pany’s sales projections favoring newer rather than older products. Compare In re 3Com Sec. Litig., 761 F.Supp. 1411, 1415-16 (N.D.Cal.1990) (failure to disclose material decline in orders sufficient omission to show", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "761 F. Supp. 1411", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_761/1411_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "db090c2c3d48fb78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 20129, "end": 20144, "quote": "764 F.Supp. 598", "context": "ct false or misleading information relayed in those projections. Alfus v. Pyramid Technology Corp., 764 F.Supp. 598, 603 (N.D.Cal.1991). Nevertheless, the company must possess information which would give it cause t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "764 F. Supp. 598", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_764/0598_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "186ca7394707df25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 20313, "end": 20332, "quote": "784 F.Supp. at 1487", "context": "ion which would give it cause to correct the projections. See In re Verifone Securities Litigation, 784 F.Supp. at 1487. As I have discussed above, Plaintiffs fail to identify any reason why Defendants should have known", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "784 F. Supp. 1471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_784/1471_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f71b9878ed0fcf1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 21354, "end": 21365, "quote": "id. at 1486", "context": "has failed. Given the high stakes 'in securities litigation, two bites at the apple are enough. See id. at 1486. Accordingly,\nIT IS ORDERED THAT Defendants’ motion to dismiss the complaint for failure to state a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "784 F. Supp. 1471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_784/1471_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b8d4e1363f4cacd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 22063, "end": 22078, "quote": "956 F.2d at 986", "context": "iffs have sufficiently identified the \"who, what, when and how's” of the alleged fraud, see Farlow, 956 F.2d at 986, but whether the allegations are sufficient to state a claim, I address it in connection with my di", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "956 F.2d 982", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_956/0982_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d63aa2dbfc7d8e6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 22912, "end": 22924, "quote": "936 F.2d 759", "context": "ument is central to the complaint. See, e.g., I. Meyer Pincus & Assocs., P.C. v. Oppenheimer & Co., 936 F.2d 759, 762 (2d Cir.1991). But see Polycast, 728 F.Supp. at 936 n. 1. I decline to do so here. In contrast", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "936 F.2d 759", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_936/0759_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6c99621b7524b56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_823/0866_01/index.html", "start": 22963, "end": 22978, "quote": "728 F.Supp. at ", "context": "yer Pincus & Assocs., P.C. v. Oppenheimer & Co., 936 F.2d 759, 762 (2d Cir.1991). But see Polycast, 728 F.Supp. at 936 n. 1. I decline to do so here. In contrast to the above cases, this complaint deals with a numer", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "728 F. Supp. 926", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_728/0926_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2c87c880e853cc22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 2168, "end": 2180, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": " that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Celotex Corporation v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2552, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). A judge’s function at the summary judgment stage", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1fe0f11e4c946efe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 2187, "end": 2201, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": "rty is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Celotex Corporation v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2552, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). A judge’s function at the summary judgment stage is not himself to we", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18eee54509133a09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 2209, "end": 2223, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": "gment as a matter of law.” Celotex Corporation v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2552, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). A judge’s function at the summary judgment stage is not himself to weigh the evidence and d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39ea20df4a21317c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 2697, "end": 2709, "quote": "477 U.S. 242", "context": "r is not significantly probative, summary judgment may be granted. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nAlthough Rule 56 is peculiarly adapted to the disposition o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90f387ac742d4e85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 2711, "end": 2725, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "ficantly probative, summary judgment may be granted. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nAlthough Rule 56 is peculiarly adapted to the disposition of legal question", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbb6e8d33dd48936", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 2727, "end": 2741, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": "ve, summary judgment may be granted. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nAlthough Rule 56 is peculiarly adapted to the disposition of legal questions it is not limi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6dfe4c772009a5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 2921, "end": 2933, "quote": "799 F.2d 218", "context": "tions it is not limited to that role. Professional Managers, Inc. v. Fawer, Brian, Hardy & Zatzkis, 799 F.2d 218, 222 (5th Cir.1986). “The mere existence of a disputed factual issue, therefore, does not foreclose", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "799 F.2d 218", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_799/0218_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "39a34aff572cff9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 3114, "end": 3117, "quote": "Id.", "context": " does not foreclose summary judgment. The dispute must be genuine, and the facts must be material.” Id. “With regard to ‘materiality' only those disputes over facts that might affect the outcome of the l", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "799 F.2d 218", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_799/0218_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2a5d002e2ff1c077", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 3324, "end": 3336, "quote": "812 F.2d 265", "context": "under the governing substantive law will preelude summary judgment.” Phillips Oil Co. v. OKC Corp., 812 F.2d 265, 272 (5th Cir. 1987).\nIn making its determinations of fact on a motion for summary judgment, the Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "812 F.2d 265", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_812/0265_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fd9617b525c347b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 3560, "end": 3572, "quote": "736 F.2d 175", "context": "ce submitted by the parties in a light more favorable to the non-moving party. McPherson v. Rankin, 736 F.2d 175, 178 (5th Cir.1984).\nThe moving party has the duty to demonstrate the lack of genuine issue of mate", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "736 F.2d 175", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_736/0175_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "45bc3a023f6aef6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 3802, "end": 3814, "quote": "687 F.2d 117", "context": "ess of judgment as a matter of law to prevail on his motion. Union Planters Nat’l Leasing v. Woods, 687 F.2d 117 (5th Cir.1982). Once a properly supported motion for summary judgment is presented, the nonmoving p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "687 F.2d 117", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_687/0117_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "60d99645051f683b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 4014, "end": 4026, "quote": "584 F.2d 111", "context": "arty must rebut with “significant probative” evidence. Ferguson v. National Broadcasting Co., Inc., 584 F.2d 111, 114 (5th Cir.1978). In other words, the “nonmoving litigant is required to bring forward ‘signific", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "584 F.2d 111", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_584/0111_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e2b73f0e89c6e8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 4256, "end": 4268, "quote": "672 F.2d 436", "context": "trating the existence of a triable issue of fact.” In re Municipal Bond Reporting Antitrust Litig., 672 F.2d 436, 440 (5th Cir. 1982). To defend against a proper summary judgment motion, one may not rely on mere ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "672 F.2d 436", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_672/0436_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a8197dff37f5edcb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 4701, "end": 4716, "quote": "687 F.2d at 119", "context": "e is a genuine issue for trial. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e); see also Union Planters Nat’l Leasing v. Woods, 687 F.2d at 119.\nLEGAL ARGUMENT\nThe Defendant contends that it is entitled to summary judgment as a matter of law i", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "687 F.2d 117", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_687/0117_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e9b9206a983e65a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 5750, "end": 5757, "quote": "the Act", "context": " Defendant also argues that the Mississippi Uninsured Motorist Act and the public policy underlying the Act does not apply to commercial fleet policies, but only to individual family automobile insurance. Se", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "320ca9df2b35a30e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 5874, "end": 5886, "quote": "§ 83-ll-l(a)", "context": "o commercial fleet policies, but only to individual family automobile insurance. See Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) (1972). Furthermore, since the legislature restricted its concerns to private passenger type vehicl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c0c0a7516d56e0c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 6316, "end": 6329, "quote": "451 So.2d 731", "context": ". The Defendant also argues that according to the holding of Aetna Casualty & Surety Co. v. Barker, 451 So.2d 731 (Miss.1984) a purported Class II insured, which the Plaintiff contends to be, cannot attempt to qua", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "451 So. 2d 731", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74af477f6e1a9409", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 6802, "end": 6816, "quote": "§ 83-11-103(b)", "context": "ch the policy applies” and does not include the pulling of a non-listed trailer. See Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-103(b).\nThe Plaintiff contends that under the policy in question he is a Class II insured and thus, entitl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eea75c023860f28f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 7341, "end": 7354, "quote": "573 So.2d 646", "context": " the insurer or the insured. Relying on the Mississippi Supreme Court’s holding in Harris v. Magee, 573 So.2d 646 (Miss.1990), the Plaintiff argues that the statutory language of Miss. Code Ann. § 83-ll-103(b), ra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4c56cbdc65c022e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 7420, "end": 7440, "quote": "Miss. Code Ann. § 83", "context": " in Harris v. Magee, 573 So.2d 646 (Miss.1990), the Plaintiff argues that the statutory language of Miss. Code Ann. § 83-ll-103(b), rather than the policy language, should be used in defining “insured”. Under the policy ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Miss. Code Ann. § 83", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9938f946123edec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 7436, "end": 7450, "quote": "§ 83-ll-103(b)", "context": "gee, 573 So.2d 646 (Miss.1990), the Plaintiff argues that the statutory language of Miss. Code Ann. § 83-ll-103(b), rather than the policy language, should be used in defining “insured”. Under the policy an “insure", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a7c6690b55ae3667", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 8151, "end": 8158, "quote": "the Act", "context": "uto for purposes of the Uninsured Motorist Coverage Act. In rejecting the Defendant’s argument that the Act according to Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) is restricted to only private vehicles carrying less than ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b769ae9182482ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 8187, "end": 8199, "quote": "§ 83-ll-l(a)", "context": "torist Coverage Act. In rejecting the Defendant’s argument that the Act according to Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) is restricted to only private vehicles carrying less than 1,500 pounds, the Plaintiff argues that t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "566e1cd2e03b7427", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 8544, "end": 8555, "quote": "§ 83-11-101", "context": "I; it has no bearing on Article III, the Uninsured Motorist Coverage Act codified at Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101, et seq. The Plaintiff also argues that the Defendant’s reliance on Aetna Casualty & Surety Co. v. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f6ebf9f8495527d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 9021, "end": 9030, "quote": "§ 1(A)(2)", "context": "utos”. See Exhibit A attached to Plaintiff’s Brief in Opposition to Motion for Summary Judgment, at § 1(A)(2) and Declarations Page. In the policy the definition of “auto” includes trailers; therefore, the Pla", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05259fac2c148e46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 9473, "end": 9484, "quote": "304 U.S. 64", "context": "versity case the Court is bound to apply the law of the forum state. Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64, 58 S.Ct. 817, 82 L.Ed. 1188 (1938). Under Mississippi law, there are several well settled proposit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "304 U.S. 64", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8596de28d4c08e63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 9486, "end": 9498, "quote": "58 S.Ct. 817", "context": "the Court is bound to apply the law of the forum state. Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64, 58 S.Ct. 817, 82 L.Ed. 1188 (1938). Under Mississippi law, there are several well settled propositions concernin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 S. Ct. 817", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9953c059f54f4f69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 9500, "end": 9513, "quote": "82 L.Ed. 1188", "context": "ound to apply the law of the forum state. Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64, 58 S.Ct. 817, 82 L.Ed. 1188 (1938). Under Mississippi law, there are several well settled propositions concerning uninsured mot", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 L. Ed. 1188", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b3d83fc675c480cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 9735, "end": 9748, "quote": "573 So.2d 646", "context": "ninsured motorist statute is to be liberally construed so as to provide coverage.” Harris v. Magee, 573 So.2d 646, 651 (Miss.1990) (citations omitted). “The purpose of the uninsured motorist statute is to give the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1aee69cc822547f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 9979, "end": 9982, "quote": "Id.", "context": "injured by the uninsured motorist as the injured party would have if injured by an insured person.” Id. A commercial fleet is not to be distinguished from a regular auto policy. “[0]ur statutory scheme d", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a73c0d2a420752a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 10203, "end": 10213, "quote": "Id. at 655", "context": " ‘commercial fleet policy’ from any other type of auto insurance policy nor is it defined therein.” Id. at 655.\nThe first question this Court must decide is whether the trailer which the Plaintiff was pulling i", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90c809ab925a6da3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 10643, "end": 10655, "quote": "Section 1(B)", "context": "ge. See Exhibit A attached to Plaintiffs Brief at “Business Auto Coverage Form Declarations”. Under Section 1(B) of the “Business Auto Coverage Form” the policy states:\n1. If symbols 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 are enter", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fa66b3a3b0715f20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 10972, "end": 10973, "quote": "§", "context": "e described for the remainder of the policy period.\nExhibit A attached to the Plaintiff's Brief, at § I of the “Business Auto Coverage Form”. On the declaration page in the column labeled “Covered Auto", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30ac7a3d38bdc21e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 11420, "end": 11421, "quote": "§", "context": "” you acquire ownership of after the policy begins.\nExhibit A attached to the Plaintiff’s Brief, at § I of the “Business Auto Coverage Form”. Trailers are included in the definition of “autos” which is", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40921b9ae20ddbfe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 11582, "end": 11583, "quote": "§", "context": "d in the definition of “autos” which is defined on the definition page of the policy. Exhibit A, at § V(B). Based on the language of the policy in question, the Court finds that the trailer in issue is", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29309de1efa55c8d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 11821, "end": 11834, "quote": "451 So.2d 731", "context": "red motorist coverage provision of Henderson Steel’s policy. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co. v. Barker, 451 So.2d 731 (Miss.1984) cited by the Defendant is inapplicable. In Barker the Mississippi Supreme Court found t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "451 So. 2d 731", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09472248937886ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 12141, "end": 12144, "quote": "Id.", "context": "re, the court in Barker held that the plaintiff could not qualify as an “insured” under the policy. Id. In the present case, the trailer is an “insured vehicle” according to the language as set forth in ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "451 So. 2d 731", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b97867a0d2c8c9a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 12343, "end": 12361, "quote": "§ 83-ll-l(a)(l)(2)", "context": " the insurance policy.\nThe Court finds that the definition of motor vehicle found in Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a)(l)(2) has no bearing on the Court’s ruling on this issue. Although Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) defines mo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff0be1889cbd12c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 12438, "end": 12450, "quote": "§ 83-ll-l(a)", "context": "Ann. § 83-ll-l(a)(l)(2) has no bearing on the Court’s ruling on this issue. Although Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) defines motor vehicle as a private passenger vehicle with a load carrying capacity less than 1,500 ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aed7ebaaae102e83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 12609, "end": 12621, "quote": "§ 83-ll-l(a)", "context": "a load carrying capacity less than 1,500 pounds, the Court finds that the preface of Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) clearly states “[a]s used in this article____” (Emphasis added). Miss. Code Ann. § 83-11-1 is found", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "628245e419727f3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 12687, "end": 12712, "quote": "Miss. Code Ann. § 83-11-1", "context": "ace of Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) clearly states “[a]s used in this article____” (Emphasis added). Miss. Code Ann. § 83-11-1 is found in Article 1, titled “Cancellation or Nonrenewal of Policy” whereas the Uninsured Motorist", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Miss. Code Ann. § 83-11-1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a930317a1953a95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 12881, "end": 12893, "quote": "§ 83-11-101.", "context": " whereas the Uninsured Motorist Coverage Act is codified in Article 3 beginning with Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101. Therefore, in the opinion of the Court, Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-1 does not affect the Uninsured Moto", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72fc1e20daa1c451", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 12949, "end": 12958, "quote": "§ 83-11-1", "context": "3 beginning with Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101. Therefore, in the opinion of the Court, Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-1 does not affect the Uninsured Motorist Coverage Act.\nThe next question the Court must answer is whe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d6a9f04ece78ed8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 14349, "end": 14361, "quote": "§ 83-11-103.", "context": "en in this section shall apply only to the uninsured motorist portion of the policy.\nMiss.Code Ann. § 83-11-103. The question the Court must decide is whether the narrow definition of “insured” found in the insur", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cffe4dc184c0b060", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 14589, "end": 14602, "quote": "573 So.2d 646", "context": "tutory definition of “insured” applies. In the opinion of the Court the holding of Harris v. Magee, 573 So.2d 646 (Miss.1990), a Mississippi Supreme Court case which addressed this same legal issue, applies to the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "318908ba72e32ebb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 14975, "end": 14991, "quote": "573 So.2d at 650", "context": "he policy language which requires that an insured be one who is “occupying” a covered auto. Harris, 573 So.2d at 650 (emphasis added) (the same definition and wording found in Harris is found in the policy in questio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66c0a319b749f7e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 15293, "end": 15303, "quote": "Id. at 648", "context": "crawled underneath an uninsured self-propelled crane which had experienced mechanical difficulties. Id. at 648. The decedent was killed while crawling out from underneath the crane. The court found that the sur", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bffac8e9083b7ae8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 15605, "end": 15608, "quote": "Id.", "context": "he vehicle which the deceased had been driving before he stopped to render assistance to the crane. Id. Even though the policy defined “insured” as “anyone else occupying a covered auto” the Mississippi ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e1e1ad711486520", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 16563, "end": 16573, "quote": "Id. at 650", "context": " definition of “insured” were disregarded would Travelers have been entitled to a directed verdict.\nId. at 650 (emphasis added). The court in Harris, citing Stevens v. U.S. Fidelity & Guaranty Co., 345 So.2d 10", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cab2d1c0961d8856", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 16661, "end": 16675, "quote": "345 So.2d 1041", "context": ".\nId. at 650 (emphasis added). The court in Harris, citing Stevens v. U.S. Fidelity & Guaranty Co., 345 So.2d 1041 (Miss.1977), recognized that “[t]he terms and provisions of the Mississippi Uninsured Motorist Cove", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "345 So. 2d 1041", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c8cd982a9c705f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 16868, "end": 16884, "quote": "573 So.2d at 650", "context": "st Coverage Act are written into every automobile liability policy issued in the state----” Harris, 573 So.2d at 650. Therefore, the Harris court found that “the lower court correctly supplemented the policy definiti", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91e9fbec37f2d9e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 17032, "end": 17035, "quote": "Id.", "context": "wer court correctly supplemented the policy definition of ‘insured’ with the statutory definition.” Id.\nThe Court has considered the fact that the policy in question has a more expansive definition of “i", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97ef255e5eca021a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 18419, "end": 18432, "quote": "834 F.2d 1206", "context": "the insurance companies which write the policies. Employers Ins. of Wausau v. Trotter Towing Corp., 834 F.2d 1206, 1210 (5th Cir.1988).\nBased on the holding of Harris and the proposition that the uninsured motoris", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "834 F.2d 1206", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_834/1206_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "578e8e3044027879", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 18741, "end": 18755, "quote": "§ 83-ll-103(b)", "context": "on of “insured” applies rather than the policy definition of “insured”. According to Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-103(b) the Plaintiff would qualify as an “insured” since at the time of the accident the Plaintiff was usi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a6cab6c2b6bbc60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 19239, "end": 19251, "quote": "§ 83-ll-l(a)", "context": " the Defendant’s argument that the court in Harris did not consider the provision of Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a). As stated earlier, Miss. Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) does not affect the Uninsured Motorist Coverage Ac", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c129cfc48e0bcc62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 19272, "end": 19292, "quote": "Miss. Code Ann. § 83", "context": "e court in Harris did not consider the provision of Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a). As stated earlier, Miss. Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) does not affect the Uninsured Motorist Coverage Act codified at Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101,", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Miss. Code Ann. § 83", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "419bd19b9a9eb228", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 19288, "end": 19300, "quote": "§ 83-ll-l(a)", "context": "s did not consider the provision of Miss.Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a). As stated earlier, Miss. Code Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) does not affect the Uninsured Motorist Coverage Act codified at Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101, et seq.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7af1f76fe884aaca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 19380, "end": 19391, "quote": "§ 83-11-101", "context": "de Ann. § 83-ll-l(a) does not affect the Uninsured Motorist Coverage Act codified at Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101, et seq.\nThe Court finds that the Defendant is not entitled to summary judgment as a matter of law.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e7c5438f1bc13b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 20573, "end": 20582, "quote": "Section 1", "context": "s that the trailer is covered. Section “V” of the policy provides that “ ‘auto’ means ... trailer.” Section 1 of Page 1 of the policy declares that if a certain symbol is designated next to a coverage that the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "afdfea297dca990f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 23449, "end": 23462, "quote": "373 So.2d 267", "context": "st the Defendant since Defendant wrote the policy. In Pearthree v. Hartford Accident. & Indem. Co., 373 So.2d 267, 270 (Miss.1979) (citation omitted), the Mississippi Supreme Court said:\nAs we have said “[t]he cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "373 So. 2d 267", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d087c2a2a1003a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 24257, "end": 24263, "quote": "supra,", "context": "es the question of the interpretation of policy language.\nEven in regard to stacking, in Pearthree, supra, the court said:\nWe also think that charging a separate premium would not necessarily determine the ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "373 So. 2d 267", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e98d6b5f7d236861", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 24762, "end": 24778, "quote": "373 So.2d at 270", "context": "om the ambiguity of the limiting clauses ... not from the charging of separate premiums.\nPearthree, 373 So.2d at 270 (emphasis added). Although the Pearthree language had to do with stacking, and not the question of ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "373 So. 2d 267", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "407d0de7bec3cc75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 25252, "end": 25265, "quote": "573 So.2d 646", "context": "ninsured motorist statute is to be liberally construed so as to provide coverage.” Harris v. Magee, 573 So.2d 646, 651 (Miss.1991) (citing Washington v. Georgia Am. Ins. Co., 540 So.2d 22, 25 (Miss. 1989); Wicklin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7fd65f7d03c8386", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 25327, "end": 25339, "quote": "540 So.2d 22", "context": "erage.” Harris v. Magee, 573 So.2d 646, 651 (Miss.1991) (citing Washington v. Georgia Am. Ins. Co., 540 So.2d 22, 25 (Miss. 1989); Wickline v. U.S. Fidelity & Guar. Co., 530 So.2d 708, 711 (Miss.1988); Stevens v.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "540 So. 2d 22", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc518be20479e145", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 25397, "end": 25410, "quote": "530 So.2d 708", "context": "gton v. Georgia Am. Ins. Co., 540 So.2d 22, 25 (Miss. 1989); Wickline v. U.S. Fidelity & Guar. Co., 530 So.2d 708, 711 (Miss.1988); Stevens v. U.S. Fidelity & Guaranty Co., 345 So.2d 1041, 1043 (Miss.1977)). “The ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "530 So. 2d 708", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed3b993fcbc154c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 25470, "end": 25484, "quote": "345 So.2d 1041", "context": "U.S. Fidelity & Guar. Co., 530 So.2d 708, 711 (Miss.1988); Stevens v. U.S. Fidelity & Guaranty Co., 345 So.2d 1041, 1043 (Miss.1977)). “The purpose of the uninsured motorist statute is to give the same protection t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "345 So. 2d 1041", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "41840476b2b20c97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 25714, "end": 25730, "quote": "573 So.2d at 651", "context": "insured motorist as the injured party would have if injured by an insured person.” Harris v. Magee, 573 So.2d at 651.\nAetna is the one that decided to write its policy so that uninsured motorist coverage is provided ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0119bc5742fa75a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 27327, "end": 27338, "quote": "§ 83-11-111", "context": "etermine the amount of coverage available to Plaintiff under the policy in question.\nMiss.Code Ann. § 83-11-111 (1972) provides as follows:\nAny policy which grants the coverage required for motor vehicle liabili", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39a442d03ea35405", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 28158, "end": 28169, "quote": "§ 83-11-111", "context": "for such policy, (emphasis added).\nArticle 3 deals with uninsured motorist coverage. Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-111 is the last section in Article 3. In order to determine the amount of coverage applicable to this c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7775ad662e67e064", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 28295, "end": 28312, "quote": "Section 83-11-111", "context": "ticle 3. In order to determine the amount of coverage applicable to this case, a careful reading of Section 83-11-111 is required. Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101 requires all automobile liability policies to contain unins", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1663001a62e4d5b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 28341, "end": 28352, "quote": "§ 83-11-101", "context": "overage applicable to this case, a careful reading of Section 83-11-111 is required. Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101 requires all automobile liability policies to contain uninsured motorist coverage unless such cover", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a760a876493632be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 28902, "end": 28913, "quote": "§ 83-11-111", "context": "dment basically added what was then referred to as “underinsured motorist coverage.”\nMiss.Code Ann. § 83-11-111 says that “any policy which grants the coverage required for motor vehicle liability insurance may ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "689d0311ba008c4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 29233, "end": 29242, "quote": "§ 63-15-3", "context": "icy.” The phrase “coverage required for motor vehicle liability insurance” refers to Miss.Code Ann. § 63-15-3 which requires a minimum liability coverage of $10,000 per individual or $20,000 per accident. Sect", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77c86c6edc4ef831", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 29338, "end": 29355, "quote": "Section 83-11-111", "context": "15-3 which requires a minimum liability coverage of $10,000 per individual or $20,000 per accident. Section 83-11-111 goes on to provide “the excess or additional coverage shall not be subject to the provisions of thi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "821c4778f609d72d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 29595, "end": 29610, "quote": "Section 63-15-3", "context": "ditional coverage” refers to that coverage in excess of the mandatory minimum coverage of $10,-000 (Section 63-15-3) up to the amount of the coverage for liability as elected, or determined, by the insured. Thus Sec", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db70785c076aca4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 29707, "end": 29724, "quote": "Section 83-11-111", "context": "5-3) up to the amount of the coverage for liability as elected, or determined, by the insured. Thus Section 83-11-111 provides that the statutory language relating to uninsured motorist coverage is written into each u", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59bf523091c08ba4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 29924, "end": 29939, "quote": "Section 63-15-3", "context": "ninsured motorist policy only to the extent of the minimum mandated coverage of $10,000 per person (Section 63-15-3). Section 83-11-111 specifically provides that “the excess or additional coverage shall not be subj", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29c37c32fd09e949", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 29942, "end": 29959, "quote": "Section 83-11-111", "context": "policy only to the extent of the minimum mandated coverage of $10,000 per person (Section 63-15-3). Section 83-11-111 specifically provides that “the excess or additional coverage shall not be subject to the provision", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99a4ba7f02e09941", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 30441, "end": 30455, "quote": "§ 83-11-103(b)", "context": "tatute requires coverage for one who “uses” a covered vehicle with “permission.” See Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-103(b). This affords and requires minimum and mandatory coverage for all uninsured policies in Mississippi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d900caf6230ad19c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 30706, "end": 30713, "quote": "the Act", "context": "licy language making coverage for “covered persons” more restrictive than the language contained in the Act (Article 3). Reading Plaintiffs policy together with the statutory language engrafted into said pol", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b0b679d7ffefcb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 31123, "end": 31140, "quote": "Section 83-11-111", "context": "are of any decisions of the Mississippi Supreme Court answering this specific question and applying Section 83-11-111 to the facts of a case similar to the present case. Since this appears to this Court to be a case o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f3ae9fe5f8c69ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 31868, "end": 31885, "quote": "Section 83-11-111", "context": "hus coverage results only by engrafting statutory language into the policy. As the Court interprets Section 83-11-111 that is exactly the situation as to which Section 83-11-111 is applicable. Section 83-11-111 in eff", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d007fba90643848e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 31928, "end": 31945, "quote": "Section 83-11-111", "context": "nto the policy. As the Court interprets Section 83-11-111 that is exactly the situation as to which Section 83-11-111 is applicable. Section 83-11-111 in effect holds that if the statutory language is engrafted into a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a9e6c9456cfd5c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 31961, "end": 31978, "quote": "Section 83-11-111", "context": "rprets Section 83-11-111 that is exactly the situation as to which Section 83-11-111 is applicable. Section 83-11-111 in effect holds that if the statutory language is engrafted into a policy, then the statutory langu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e1eab29e7c37a17d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 32138, "end": 32154, "quote": "Section 63-15-3.", "context": " into a policy, then the statutory language will be applied only to the $10,000 minimum mandated by Section 63-15-3. Stated another way, if coverage results by a resort to statutory language, not policy language, the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c7cf92848aeeabb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 32394, "end": 32405, "quote": "§ 83-11-111", "context": "s all that is afforded by such statutory language. To hold otherwise would mean that Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-111 has no meaning and was put in the Article for no purpose. The Court recognizes that Plaintiff conte", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "275de5721aeeb76a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 33002, "end": 33008, "quote": "supra.", "context": " scheduled? In the opinion of the Court, that question was answered in the case of Harris v. Magee, supra. In that case, the insurance company argued only the vehicles, and not the trailers listed in the po", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "298b15ae0b4c2a97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 33140, "end": 33156, "quote": "573 So.2d at 655", "context": "pany argued only the vehicles, and not the trailers listed in the policy should be stacked. Harris, 573 So.2d at 655. The Mississippi Supreme Court agreed and held:\nMiss.Code Ann. § 83-11-103(b) (Supp. 1990), specifi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "acdf0d5031426f46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 33220, "end": 33234, "quote": "§ 83-11-103(b)", "context": "be stacked. Harris, 573 So.2d at 655. The Mississippi Supreme Court agreed and held:\nMiss.Code Ann. § 83-11-103(b) (Supp. 1990), specifically refers to use of a “motor vehicle.” This indicates that stacking is nece", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b4493f6581a4d4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 33420, "end": 33423, "quote": "Id.", "context": "acking is necessarily limited to those “motor vehicles” listed in the schedule of covered vehicles.\nId.\nAccordingly, even though there is coverage on the particular trailer that was being used by Plainti", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20e77d9e818e3943", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 34036, "end": 34050, "quote": "613 So.2d 1179", "context": "etermining the amount of the limits of coverage. In State Farm Mutual Automobile Ins. Co. v. Davis, 613 So.2d 1179, 1183 (Miss.1992), the Mississippi Supreme Court said:\nIn Thiac [v. State Farm Mutual Automobile In", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "613 So. 2d 1179", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15bdb4693e34126f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 34163, "end": 34177, "quote": "569 So.2d 1217", "context": "1992), the Mississippi Supreme Court said:\nIn Thiac [v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co., 569 So.2d 1217] [ (Miss. 1990) ], this Court noted that the stacking of policies for the purpose of determining wh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "569 So. 2d 1217", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b2e2d887ecf3bc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 36415, "end": 36431, "quote": "573 So.2d at 651", "context": "applicable Mississippi decisions, is to be “liberally construed” so as to provide coverage, Harris, 573 So.2d at 651. The Mississippi Supreme Court has also held that “stacking is firmly embedded in our uninsured mot", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28a6538326a6e69d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 36628, "end": 36644, "quote": "530 So.2d at 714", "context": "motorist law” and “stacking has become a positive gloss upon our uninsured motorist act.” Wickline, 530 So.2d at 714.\nIn the present case, the insured and the insurer agreed that there would be $750,000 coverage for ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "530 So. 2d 708", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82d23878016be37e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 37128, "end": 37139, "quote": "§ 83-11-111", "context": "$750,000 coverage for each vehicle agreed upon between the insuring parties, or does Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-111 restrict the limits for these four vehicles to the mandatory minimum of $10,000 each? Even though t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a2851e23ea76cea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 37620, "end": 37638, "quote": "Section 83-11-111.", "context": "hat the limits as to each of these vehicles to be stacked is likewise restricted by the language of Section 83-11-111. Consequently, assuming that one of the five vehicles was appropriately deleted from the policy prio", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09546af29f223ba1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 38182, "end": 38200, "quote": "Section 83-11-111.", "context": "s to the trailer and each of the listed vehicles is $10,000 as a result of the limiting language of Section 83-11-111.\nIf the Court had determined that the $750,000 limit specified in the policy was applicable to the f", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0acad884f7997dc3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 38435, "end": 38449, "quote": "608 So.2d 1258", "context": " would have been presented with the question of whether In re Koestler for the Benefit of Koestler, 608 So.2d 1258 (Miss. 1992) is applicable. The Mississippi Supreme Court, in Koestler, held that because of the pl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "608 So. 2d 1258", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48cf1de2dad2cc27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 38739, "end": 38750, "quote": "Id. at 1264", "context": " statutory mandated minimum coverage of $10,000 could be stacked as to each of the listed vehicles. Id. at 1264. This Court, having determined that Section 83-11-111 controls this case, does not reach the questi", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "608 So. 2d 1258", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f71219263a38a88b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 38787, "end": 38804, "quote": "Section 83-11-111", "context": "could be stacked as to each of the listed vehicles. Id. at 1264. This Court, having determined that Section 83-11-111 controls this case, does not reach the question of whether there is limiting language in the policy", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f69f65c876c596c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 39374, "end": 39391, "quote": "Section 83-11-111", "context": "etermine whether Koestler would limit the coverage to $10,000 per vehicle. Had this Court not found Section 83-11-111 to be applicable, then the Court would have conducted such analysis.\nThe Court would make another p", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31df0fdf045ce782", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 40103, "end": 40113, "quote": "§ 63-15-3.", "context": "that it [the majority opinion] accepts as the minimum amount the amount set forth in Miss.Code Ann. § 63-15-3. This result is clearly contrary to the express provisions of the Mississippi Uninsured Motorist Act", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87a2eff883911fa9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 40230, "end": 40241, "quote": "§ 83-11-101", "context": "learly contrary to the express provisions of the Mississippi Uninsured Motorist Act. Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101 (1991). Furthermore, this result is not supported by this Court’s prior decisions in this area.\nMis", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a2fe53dcba1386d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 40366, "end": 40383, "quote": "Section 83-11-101", "context": "s result is not supported by this Court’s prior decisions in this area.\nMississippi Code Annotated, Section 83-11-101 (1991), expressly provides:\nNo automobile liability insurance policy or contract shall be issued or", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8650010f76ded09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 41643, "end": 41654, "quote": "§ 83-11-101", "context": "coverage in connection with the policy previously issued to him by the same insurer.\nMiss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101 (1991). Clearly, there is an inconsistency between the CRE limitation and the provision of § 83-11-", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "00135f3aa8bbcf83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 41746, "end": 41757, "quote": "§ 83-11-101", "context": "3-11-101 (1991). Clearly, there is an inconsistency between the CRE limitation and the provision of § 83-11-101 that the insured be given the\nopportunity to purchase as much uninsured coverage as he wishes up to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1e30393b6f4630b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 41896, "end": 41907, "quote": "Id. at 1271", "context": "ity to purchase as much uninsured coverage as he wishes up to the limit of his liability insurance.\nId. at 1271 (Banks, J., dissenting) (emphasis in original).\nJustice Banks’ argument had to do with Miss.Code An", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce1e151f167ff896", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 42010, "end": 42022, "quote": "§ 83-11-101.", "context": "anks, J., dissenting) (emphasis in original).\nJustice Banks’ argument had to do with Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101. This Court has determined that this case is governed by Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-111 rather than Miss", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2e7110aa7b22d73", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 42094, "end": 42105, "quote": "§ 83-11-111", "context": " Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101. This Court has determined that this case is governed by Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-111 rather than Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101. Consequently, Justice Banks’ reasoning would not be applica", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aad9bf95a31b043e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 42133, "end": 42145, "quote": "§ 83-11-101.", "context": " has determined that this case is governed by Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-111 rather than Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-101. Consequently, Justice Banks’ reasoning would not be applicable in this case.\nThe Court is not unmin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dea2e66b15541ec8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 43015, "end": 43033, "quote": "§ 83-11-l(a)(l)(2)", "context": "s did not so hold. Specifically, the Court is referring to Defendant’s argument that Miss.Code Ann. § 83-11-l(a)(l)(2) is applicable; Defendant’s argument that stacking is not permitted under fleet policies; Defendant’", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd7ef094f2285c30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 43157, "end": 43163, "quote": "supra,", "context": "t’s argument that stacking is not permitted under fleet policies; Defendant’s argument that Harris, supra, holds that a trailer must be listed on a schedule to be covered when in fact what the Mississippi S", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "652f7a89aba5b475", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 43419, "end": 43425, "quote": "supra,", "context": "s could not be stacked even though listed on the schedule; and Defendant’s argument that in Harris, supra, the Plaintiff “sought to stack the higher limits of the policy” when in fact what the Plaintiff sou", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d37eb49a54c4de1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_843/0175_01/index.html", "start": 43689, "end": 43695, "quote": "supra,", "context": "was the stacking of higher limits contained in a previous policy. Defendant’s argument as to Davis, supra, was misplaced but not misstated. Plaintiff, in that case, sought to stack coverage under separate p", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "613 So. 2d 1179", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5150cc5aad82e3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 4713, "end": 4720, "quote": "the Act", "context": " the vessel herein described has been awarded the above number in accordance with the provisions of the Act of June 7, 1918, as amended.\n“This certificate constitutes a document in lieu of enrollment or lice", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7792cd6aafeb249d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 10555, "end": 10566, "quote": "293 U.S. 21", "context": "ty rights or possession between a mortgagee and an owner.\nIn Detroit Trust Co. v. Barium S. S. Co., 293 U.S. 21, at page 42, 55 S.Ct. 31, at page 37, 79 L.Ed. 176, Justice Hughes, who delivered the opinion of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "293 U.S. 21", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0ede4f54cb1fe00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 10580, "end": 10591, "quote": "55 S.Ct. 31", "context": "etween a mortgagee and an owner.\nIn Detroit Trust Co. v. Barium S. S. Co., 293 U.S. 21, at page 42, 55 S.Ct. 31, at page 37, 79 L.Ed. 176, Justice Hughes, who delivered the opinion of the court, said: “It is als", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 S. Ct. 31", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7edc51fb86f0395d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 10605, "end": 10617, "quote": "79 L.Ed. 176", "context": " owner.\nIn Detroit Trust Co. v. Barium S. S. Co., 293 U.S. 21, at page 42, 55 S.Ct. 31, at page 37, 79 L.Ed. 176, Justice Hughes, who delivered the opinion of the court, said: “It is also to be noted that the jur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 L. Ed. 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b64f240744e76345", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 10815, "end": 10822, "quote": "the Act", "context": "urisdiction granted to the admiralty by the Ship Mortgage Act is exclusive. If a mortgage is within the Act, there can be no suit to foreclose it in a state court; if the mortgage is ■not within the Act, the", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b563863753578e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 10910, "end": 10917, "quote": "the Act", "context": "thin the Act, there can be no suit to foreclose it in a state court; if the mortgage is ■not within the Act, there can be no suit for foreclosure in the admiralty. It cannot be doubted that the Congress reco", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ba689a8ec42fcf2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 12115, "end": 12125, "quote": "Section 22", "context": "urisdiction of admiralty is not so clearly established.\nIn Robinson on Admiralty (1939), Chapter 6, Section 22, under Remedies Available for Maritime Contract, at page 194, it is stated: “ * * * But when the sh", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "512694db4937f823", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 12411, "end": 12422, "quote": "17 How. 399", "context": "der the general-admiralty law withdrew from the scene. The leading case is Bogart v. The John Jay, [17 How. 399, 15 L.Ed. 95], Bogart sought in an admiralty court to ¡have an ordinary common law purchase money m", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 How. 399", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d02a550075a9db6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 12424, "end": 12435, "quote": "15 L.Ed. 95", "context": "al-admiralty law withdrew from the scene. The leading case is Bogart v. The John Jay, [17 How. 399, 15 L.Ed. 95], Bogart sought in an admiralty court to ¡have an ordinary common law purchase money mortgage forec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 L. Ed. 95", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e014eacc686126e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 13267, "end": 13277, "quote": "Section 73", "context": "urs.)\nBenedict on Admiralty (Fifth Edition), Possessory and Petitory Actions, provides at page 101, Section 73, Chapter X:\n“The admiralty has also jurisdiction of possessory and petitory suits anid of proceedin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c7f94af06295cafb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 13896, "end": 13907, "quote": "Section 108", "context": " yet may notice an equitable title alleged by a claimant in possession.” .\nAnd further at page 173, Section 108: “Bottomry loans are those in which a sum of money is loaned for a particular voyage, at maritime i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a85466634ea8d7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 14841, "end": 14852, "quote": "17 How. 399", "context": "nds are goverened by General Admiralty Rule Seventeen.”\nIn Bogart et al. v. The Steamboat John Jay, 17 How. 399, at page 401, 58 U.S. 399, at page 401, 15 L.Ed. 95, Mr. Justice Wayne, in speaking of the jurisdic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 How. 399", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea855b78e164001e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 14867, "end": 14878, "quote": "58 U.S. 399", "context": "al Admiralty Rule Seventeen.”\nIn Bogart et al. v. The Steamboat John Jay, 17 How. 399, at page 401, 58 U.S. 399, at page 401, 15 L.Ed. 95, Mr. Justice Wayne, in speaking of the jurisdiction of the admiralty cour", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 U.S. 399", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61c8acb105e194a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_86/0618_01/index.html", "start": 14893, "end": 14904, "quote": "15 L.Ed. 95", "context": "n.”\nIn Bogart et al. v. The Steamboat John Jay, 17 How. 399, at page 401, 58 U.S. 399, at page 401, 15 L.Ed. 95, Mr. Justice Wayne, in speaking of the jurisdiction of the admiralty court, said: “* * * Its founda", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 L. Ed. 95", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "761daa285caa4bea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 468, "end": 483, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1421", "context": "ion for naturalized citizenship. These Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, written pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1421(c)', follow a one-day hearing de novo, at which the parties presented both testimony and oral argum", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1421", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1421/title8_sec1421_c43b4edd6a3a/1421_naturalization_authority_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9d9f52dbe1cc17bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 477, "end": 486, "quote": "§ 1421(c)", "context": "aturalized citizenship. These Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, written pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1421(c)', follow a one-day hearing de novo, at which the parties presented both testimony and oral argument", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1421/title8_sec1421_c43b4edd6a3a/1421_naturalization_authority_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2909410c52476f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 1912, "end": 1920, "quote": "Id. at 2", "context": "88,- when plaintiff plead guilty to the unlawful possession of marijuana, and was again fined $100. Id. at 2. The third happened in September 1990, when plaintiff was arrested for the criminal possession of a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "857f20d54be63e31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 2060, "end": 2063, "quote": "Id.", "context": "when plaintiff was arrested for the criminal possession of a machine gun, a charge later dismissed. Id.\nDuring this time, plaintiff was married to an American citizen, and divorced. As a result of his ma", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80a50484f77ebbfe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 2908, "end": 2911, "quote": "Id.", "context": " 3. Plaintiff was not truthful about his past criminal history, and answered “no” to this question. Id. He should have answered “yes,” and, as required by the form, explained in detail his answer. See id", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "765bb9bedca216e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 3009, "end": 3012, "quote": "id.", "context": "d. He should have answered “yes,” and, as required by the form, explained in detail his answer. See id. Plaintiff was also less than truthful in answering part four of the form. There, plaintiff failed t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83c2689fcb396bf3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 4116, "end": 4131, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1427", "context": "grounds that he lacked the “good moral character” necessary for citizenship. J.Ex. C. See generally 8 U.S.C. § 1427(a)(3). When given thirty days in which to challenge that finding, see J.Ex. C at 1, plaintiff, thro", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1427", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1427/title8_sec1427_1989f89a85ed/1427_requirements_of_naturalization_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "8023df16dc77faec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 4125, "end": 4137, "quote": "§ 1427(a)(3)", "context": "hat he lacked the “good moral character” necessary for citizenship. J.Ex. C. See generally 8 U.S.C. § 1427(a)(3). When given thirty days in which to challenge that finding, see J.Ex. C at 1, plaintiff, through co", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1427/title8_sec1427_1989f89a85ed/1427_requirements_of_naturalization_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9a7f98db48e4201a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 4769, "end": 4784, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1421", "context": ". I at 6; this appeal followed.\nII. Conclusions of Law\nJurisdiction over this appeal is premised on 8 U.S.C. § 1421(c), which provides that the Court’s review shall be de novo.\nA permanent resident alien seeking nat", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1421", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1421/title8_sec1421_c43b4edd6a3a/1421_naturalization_authority_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "394627f418cd2997", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 4778, "end": 4787, "quote": "§ 1421(c)", "context": " this appeal followed.\nII. Conclusions of Law\nJurisdiction over this appeal is premised on 8 U.S.C. § 1421(c), which provides that the Court’s review shall be de novo.\nA permanent resident alien seeking natura", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1421/title8_sec1421_c43b4edd6a3a/1421_naturalization_authority_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c961148b63dacab8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 5079, "end": 5094, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1101", "context": "he or she “has given false testimony for the purpose of obtaining any [immigration] benefit[ ]....” 8 U.S.C. § 1101(f)(6). “Testimony,” as defined, is limited’ to “oral statements made under oath.” Kungys v. United ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1101", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1101/title8_sec1101_be91e40b8b82/1101_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "0fd876423a5cd002", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 5088, "end": 5100, "quote": "§ 1101(f)(6)", "context": " “has given false testimony for the purpose of obtaining any [immigration] benefit[ ]....” 8 U.S.C. § 1101(f)(6). “Testimony,” as defined, is limited’ to “oral statements made under oath.” Kungys v. United States", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1101/title8_sec1101_be91e40b8b82/1101_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "81f95c74330eebb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 5202, "end": 5214, "quote": "485 U.S. 759", "context": "“Testimony,” as defined, is limited’ to “oral statements made under oath.” Kungys v. United States, 485 U.S. 759, 780, 108 S.Ct. 1537, 1551, 99 L.Ed.2d 839 (1988). Such false, oral testimony need not relate to a ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "485 U.S. 759", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd834a0bb235f40c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 5221, "end": 5235, "quote": "108 S.Ct. 1537", "context": "ined, is limited’ to “oral statements made under oath.” Kungys v. United States, 485 U.S. 759, 780, 108 S.Ct. 1537, 1551, 99 L.Ed.2d 839 (1988). Such false, oral testimony need not relate to a material fact; as the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 S. Ct. 1537", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63bcf4421791bdca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 5243, "end": 5257, "quote": "99 L.Ed.2d 839", "context": "oral statements made under oath.” Kungys v. United States, 485 U.S. 759, 780, 108 S.Ct. 1537, 1551, 99 L.Ed.2d 839 (1988). Such false, oral testimony need not relate to a material fact; as the Supreme Court explain", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 L. Ed. 2d 839", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45c6085b846f2fb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 5597, "end": 5610, "quote": "Id. at 779-80", "context": "immigration or naturalization benefits” will justifiably prevent a finding of good moral character. Id. at 779-80, 108 S.Ct. at 1551 (sentence order reversed). Accord id. at 780, 108 S.Ct. at 1551 (stating the § 1", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "321b18374e245c1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 5612, "end": 5629, "quote": "108 S.Ct. at 1551", "context": "naturalization benefits” will justifiably prevent a finding of good moral character. Id. at 779-80, 108 S.Ct. at 1551 (sentence order reversed). Accord id. at 780, 108 S.Ct. at 1551 (stating the § 1101(f)(6) inquiry a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "108 S. Ct. 1537", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24ee965038ad40b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 5664, "end": 5674, "quote": "id. at 780", "context": "finding of good moral character. Id. at 779-80, 108 S.Ct. at 1551 (sentence order reversed). Accord id. at 780, 108 S.Ct. at 1551 (stating the § 1101(f)(6) inquiry as whether “there is a subjective intent to de", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a90f941f5a0c5a80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 5676, "end": 5693, "quote": "108 S.Ct. at 1551", "context": "ood moral character. Id. at 779-80, 108 S.Ct. at 1551 (sentence order reversed). Accord id. at 780, 108 S.Ct. at 1551 (stating the § 1101(f)(6) inquiry as whether “there is a subjective intent to deceive, no matter ho", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "108 S. Ct. 1537", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e79a4532365aa340", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 5707, "end": 5719, "quote": "§ 1101(f)(6)", "context": "-80, 108 S.Ct. at 1551 (sentence order reversed). Accord id. at 780, 108 S.Ct. at 1551 (stating the § 1101(f)(6) inquiry as whether “there is a subjective intent to deceive, no matter how immaterial the deception", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f9f17273fb1b412", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 6000, "end": 6012, "quote": "873 F.2d 910", "context": "own by clear,. convincing and unequivocal evidence. Dicicco v. United States Dep’t of Justice, INS, 873 F.2d 910, 915 (6th Cir. 1989). Any doubts in that regard must be resolved against plaintiff, and in favor of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "873 F.2d 910", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_873/0910_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0b40dac66284a7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 6161, "end": 6173, "quote": "385 U.S. 630", "context": "must be resolved against plaintiff, and in favor of the INS. See Berenyi v. District Director, INS, 385 U.S. 630, 637, 87 S.Ct. 666, 671, 17 L.Ed.2d 656 (1967).\nIII. Decision\nAs the above recitation of facts reve", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "385 U.S. 630", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34d8029537a77390", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 6180, "end": 6192, "quote": "87 S.Ct. 666", "context": "ainst plaintiff, and in favor of the INS. See Berenyi v. District Director, INS, 385 U.S. 630, 637, 87 S.Ct. 666, 671, 17 L.Ed.2d 656 (1967).\nIII. Decision\nAs the above recitation of facts reveals, plaintiff has ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 S. Ct. 666", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8e9c22529c76697", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 6199, "end": 6213, "quote": "17 L.Ed.2d 656", "context": "d in favor of the INS. See Berenyi v. District Director, INS, 385 U.S. 630, 637, 87 S.Ct. 666, 671, 17 L.Ed.2d 656 (1967).\nIII. Decision\nAs the above recitation of facts reveals, plaintiff has not satisfied his bur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 L. Ed. 2d 656", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dcff150f982ba78a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_876/0938_02/index.html", "start": 7623, "end": 7635, "quote": "§ 1101(f)(6)", "context": "f failed to tell officer Adams his true employment history.\nIn view of the fact that both prongs of § 1101(f)(6) are thus met, and plaintiff found to lack the good moral character necessary for naturalized citize", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce96f6d347184885", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 4716, "end": 4728, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": " material fact and that they are entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 325, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2553-54, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). In considering the summary judgment issue, th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0231b89506bfaebd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 4735, "end": 4749, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": "that they are entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 325, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2553-54, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). In considering the summary judgment issue, the Court must view all", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7e481c9ed993ea4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 4760, "end": 4774, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": " judgment as a matter of law. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 325, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2553-54, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). In considering the summary judgment issue, the Court must view all of the evidence in the l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c8d980e49573925", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 4969, "end": 4981, "quote": "475 U.S. 574", "context": "the light most favorable to the plaintiff. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 1356, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). A careful analysis of the record in this case de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87740bf89834abbf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 4988, "end": 5002, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "rable to the plaintiff. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 1356, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). A careful analysis of the record in this case demonstrates that the d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28ef5fa028328e0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 5010, "end": 5024, "quote": "89 L.Ed.2d 538", "context": ". Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 1356, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). A careful analysis of the record in this case demonstrates that the defendants are entitled", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 2d 538", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be645aecf4f57267", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 5149, "end": 5158, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "is of the record in this case demonstrates that the defendants are entitled to summary judgment.\nA. Title VII Count\nDefendant Guest Services argues that the Court should grant summary judgment on the Title VII", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99da866386838c97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 5249, "end": 5258, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "Title VII Count\nDefendant Guest Services argues that the Court should grant summary judgment on the Title VII count because (1) the plaintiff failed to file this suit within 90 days of the issuance of a right ", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23f6046c38a8d480", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 5624, "end": 5633, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ions of quid pro quo harassment are legally insufficient; and (4) there is no cause of action under Title VII for sexual harassment involving members of the same gender.\n1. Timeliness of this Suit\nThe plaintif", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91f84546a8af19ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 7229, "end": 7238, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "uit is untimely because it should have been filed within 90 days of the first notice. Ordinarily, a Title VII suit must be filed within 90 days after receipt of a right to sue notice from the EEOC. 42 U.S.C. §", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30aa6bc2fb75c3cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 7337, "end": 7352, "quote": "§ 2000e-5(f)(1)", "context": "I suit must be filed within 90 days after receipt of a right to sue notice from the EEOC. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5(f)(1). However, this 90 day period is like a statute of limitations and subject to equitable tolling. Zip", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c813f5d90123463", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 7486, "end": 7498, "quote": "455 U.S. 385", "context": "ike a statute of limitations and subject to equitable tolling. Zipes v. Trans World Airlines, Inc., 455 U.S. 385, 393, 102 S.Ct. 1127, 1132-33, 71 L.Ed.2d 234 (1982). The plaintiff asserts that the EEOC erred by ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "455 U.S. 385", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7dc1a1946e87ef41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 7505, "end": 7519, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 1127", "context": "mitations and subject to equitable tolling. Zipes v. Trans World Airlines, Inc., 455 U.S. 385, 393, 102 S.Ct. 1127, 1132-33, 71 L.Ed.2d 234 (1982). The plaintiff asserts that the EEOC erred by failing to send a cop", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 1127", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0bd5838f15ce00de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 7530, "end": 7544, "quote": "71 L.Ed.2d 234", "context": "equitable tolling. Zipes v. Trans World Airlines, Inc., 455 U.S. 385, 393, 102 S.Ct. 1127, 1132-33, 71 L.Ed.2d 234 (1982). The plaintiff asserts that the EEOC erred by failing to send a copy of the right to sue let", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 L. Ed. 2d 234", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "194ba0d695ff279b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 8573, "end": 8586, "quote": "673 F.2d 1240", "context": "ontrol” or “no fault” of her own, the limitations period may be tolled. Lewis v. Conners Steel Co., 673 F.2d 1240, 1243 (11th Cir.1982) (quoting Franks v. Bowman Transp. Co., 495 F.2d 398, 404-05 (5th Cir.1974), r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "673 F.2d 1240", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_673/1240_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7e2374e93ce21a94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 8648, "end": 8660, "quote": "495 F.2d 398", "context": "is v. Conners Steel Co., 673 F.2d 1240, 1243 (11th Cir.1982) (quoting Franks v. Bowman Transp. Co., 495 F.2d 398, 404-05 (5th Cir.1974), rev’d on other grounds, 424 U.S. 747, 96 S.Ct. 1251, 47 L.Ed.2d 444 (1976))", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "495 F.2d 398", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_495/0398_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f114392616d54dcf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 8709, "end": 8721, "quote": "424 U.S. 747", "context": "(quoting Franks v. Bowman Transp. Co., 495 F.2d 398, 404-05 (5th Cir.1974), rev’d on other grounds, 424 U.S. 747, 96 S.Ct. 1251, 47 L.Ed.2d 444 (1976)). Here, the plaintiff has provided the Reilly declaration whi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "424 U.S. 747", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee213cea9fee37c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 8723, "end": 8736, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 1251", "context": "s v. Bowman Transp. Co., 495 F.2d 398, 404-05 (5th Cir.1974), rev’d on other grounds, 424 U.S. 747, 96 S.Ct. 1251, 47 L.Ed.2d 444 (1976)). Here, the plaintiff has provided the Reilly declaration which strongly sug", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 1251", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b22bccc0ff088504", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 8738, "end": 8752, "quote": "47 L.Ed.2d 444", "context": "nsp. Co., 495 F.2d 398, 404-05 (5th Cir.1974), rev’d on other grounds, 424 U.S. 747, 96 S.Ct. 1251, 47 L.Ed.2d 444 (1976)). Here, the plaintiff has provided the Reilly declaration which strongly suggests that the f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 L. Ed. 2d 444", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa0fda87c06970ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 9348, "end": 9357, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "vironment sexual harassment. In order for a hostile work environment to exist for the purposes of a Title VII sexual harassment case, the challenged conduct must “ha[ve] the purpose or effect of unreasonably i", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be87a5e8bfbc9278", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 9612, "end": 9623, "quote": "477 U.S. 57", "context": "ating an intimidating, hostile or offensive working environment.” Meritor Sav. Bank, FSB v. Vinson, 477 U.S. 57, 65, 106 S.Ct. 2399, 2404-05, 91 L.Ed.2d 49 (1986). Even when such an environment exists, an employ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 57", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33e26d22c4691819", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 9629, "end": 9643, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2399", "context": "ting, hostile or offensive working environment.” Meritor Sav. Bank, FSB v. Vinson, 477 U.S. 57, 65, 106 S.Ct. 2399, 2404-05, 91 L.Ed.2d 49 (1986). Even when such an environment exists, an employer is not necessaril", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2399", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ec0e574ba1e31c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 9654, "end": 9667, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 49", "context": "e working environment.” Meritor Sav. Bank, FSB v. Vinson, 477 U.S. 57, 65, 106 S.Ct. 2399, 2404-05, 91 L.Ed.2d 49 (1986). Even when such an environment exists, an employer is not necessarily liable. The Vinson cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 49", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94defb083d9b88d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 9897, "end": 9906, "quote": "Id. at 72", "context": "ct liability for employers and said that liability should be determined based on agency principles. Id. at 72, 106 S.Ct. at 2408.\nA company’s liability for a supervisor’s actions depends upon (1) whether the s", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 49", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a5b4352adfb0692", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 9908, "end": 9925, "quote": "106 S.Ct. at 2408", "context": "y for employers and said that liability should be determined based on agency principles. Id. at 72, 106 S.Ct. at 2408.\nA company’s liability for a supervisor’s actions depends upon (1) whether the supervisor’s harassi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e30a1768434683d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 10249, "end": 10261, "quote": "970 F.2d 178", "context": "adequately and effectively to negate liability. Kauffman v. Allied Signal, Inc., Autolite Division, 970 F.2d 178, 184 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 113 S.Ct. 831, 121 L.Ed.2d 701 (1992). Applying this stand", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "970 F.2d 178", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_970/0178_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3a15a5e1ead00c14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 10303, "end": 10316, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 831", "context": "an v. Allied Signal, Inc., Autolite Division, 970 F.2d 178, 184 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 113 S.Ct. 831, 121 L.Ed.2d 701 (1992). Applying this standard, the Sixth Circuit has found that summary judgment ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 831", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20d83210a8a96673", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 10318, "end": 10333, "quote": "121 L.Ed.2d 701", "context": "gnal, Inc., Autolite Division, 970 F.2d 178, 184 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 113 S.Ct. 831, 121 L.Ed.2d 701 (1992). Applying this standard, the Sixth Circuit has found that summary judgment is appropriate wh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "121 L. Ed. 2d 701", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40cb25ebff86991b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 12274, "end": 12283, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "Services should have been aware that O’Brien used foul language. This is not a sufficient basis for Title VII liability. Further, regardless of whether Guest Services knew about O’Brien’s actions or could have", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0fe81d5cbfe28b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 13330, "end": 13342, "quote": "913 F.2d 463", "context": "reasonably likely to prevent the alleged harassment from recurring. Guess v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., 913 F.2d 463, 465 (7th Cir.1990). Even if the investigation was not handled perfectly, the plaintiff has present", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "913 F.2d 463", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_913/0463_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9a22eaab7b98f2db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 13593, "end": 13604, "quote": "10 F.3d 526", "context": "nything that would have allowed any harassment to continue. See Saxton v. American Tel. & Tel. Co., 10 F.3d 526, 535 (7th Cir.1993) (“Although AT & T’s remedial efforts did not meet Saxton’s expectations, they w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "10 F.3d 526", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_10/0526_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23501830b7d9aeae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 14259, "end": 14269, "quote": "Id. at 535", "context": "r quality of the investigation provided O’Brien with further opportunities to harass the plaintiff. Id. at 535. By leaving Guest Services within days of filing her complaint when there was no imminent threat of", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "10 F.3d 526", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_10/0526_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4099102fda6545fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 15191, "end": 15206, "quote": "863 F.Supp. 664", "context": "ly likely to prevent the offending conduct from reoccurring.” Talando, v. KFC Nat’l Management Co., 863 F.Supp. 664, 668 (N.D.I11.1994). Where, as here, Guest Services counselled O’Brien about her behavior and the p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "863 F. Supp. 664", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_863/0664_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c095c462c849d6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 15458, "end": 15467, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "fending conduct could not occur again, the corrective measures were not so inadequate as to violate Title VII.\nAfter carefully reviewing the record, the Court finds that the plaintiffs Title VII hostile enviro", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc76396e67b0ad1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 15543, "end": 15552, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " as to violate Title VII.\nAfter carefully reviewing the record, the Court finds that the plaintiffs Title VII hostile environment claim cannot survive summary judgment. The plaintiff has failed to raise any ge", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60e89ba5089d0a7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 16571, "end": 16583, "quote": "970 F.2d at ", "context": "lted in a tangible job detriment; and (5) the existence of respondeat superior liability.\nKauffman, 970 F.2d at 186 (quoting Highlander v. K.F.C. Nat’l Management Co., 805 F.2d 644, 648 (6th Cir.1986)).\nThe only ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "970 F.2d 178", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_970/0178_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "58a65a20c7fd605d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 16639, "end": 16651, "quote": "805 F.2d 644", "context": "t superior liability.\nKauffman, 970 F.2d at 186 (quoting Highlander v. K.F.C. Nat’l Management Co., 805 F.2d 644, 648 (6th Cir.1986)).\nThe only quid pro quo allegation made by the plaintiff is that she believed t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "805 F.2d 644", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_805/0644_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b3ff1e9a5866c7c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 17798, "end": 17813, "quote": "805 F.2d at 649", "context": " a job detriment as a result of her failure to engage in the activity suggested by” her supervisor. 805 F.2d at 649. Here, the Court finds that the record is similarly devoid of any evidence that the plaintiff was d", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "805 F.2d 644", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_805/0644_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e33c813d396520d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 18269, "end": 18278, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " the summary judgment motions was complete, defendants Guest Services, Hanson, and Burke argue that Title VII does not cover sexual harassment involving members of the same gender. The supplemental motion reli", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aedb5f7e26537d2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 18501, "end": 18516, "quote": "871 F.Supp. 822", "context": "t decision by Judge Harvey in the District Court of Maryland, Hopkins v. Baltimore Gas & Elec. Co., 871 F.Supp. 822, 834-35 (D.Md.1994) (“Title VII does not provide a cause of action for an employee who claims to ha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "871 F. Supp. 822", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_871/0822_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "457dc27082b6240a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 18539, "end": 18548, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "rict Court of Maryland, Hopkins v. Baltimore Gas & Elec. Co., 871 F.Supp. 822, 834-35 (D.Md.1994) (“Title VII does not provide a cause of action for an employee who claims to have been the victim of sexual har", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95f9d342224d79bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 18840, "end": 18851, "quote": "28 F.3d 446", "context": "tent with the recent holdings of several other federal courts. See Garcia v. Elf Atochem North Am., 28 F.3d 446, 452 (5th Cir.1994) (harassment by male supervisor against male subordinate not actionable under Ti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 F.3d 446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_28/0446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de2ab5e49454ffc9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 18949, "end": 18958, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "46, 452 (5th Cir.1994) (harassment by male supervisor against male subordinate not actionable under Title VII despite sexual overtones of harassment because Title VII addresses gender discrimination); Myers v.", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f99c9fcaa5ef85d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 19006, "end": 19015, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "inst male subordinate not actionable under Title VII despite sexual overtones of harassment because Title VII addresses gender discrimination); Myers v. City of El Paso, 874 F.Supp. 1546, 1547 (W.D.Tex.1995) (", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96e67d1bdecb8982", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 19076, "end": 19092, "quote": "874 F.Supp. 1546", "context": "ertones of harassment because Title VII addresses gender discrimination); Myers v. City of El Paso, 874 F.Supp. 1546, 1547 (W.D.Tex.1995) (sexual harassment by female supervisor against female subordinate not actiona", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "874 F. Supp. 1546", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_874/1546_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "95c78f2738c81628", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 19202, "end": 19211, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "D.Tex.1995) (sexual harassment by female supervisor against female subordinate not actionable under Title VII); Vandeventer v. Wabash Nat’l Corp., 867 F.Supp. 790, 796 (N.D.Ind.1994) (harassment by males again", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5996e9b88a6456c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 19249, "end": 19264, "quote": "867 F.Supp. 790", "context": "isor against female subordinate not actionable under Title VII); Vandeventer v. Wabash Nat’l Corp., 867 F.Supp. 790, 796 (N.D.Ind.1994) (harassment by males against male homosexual not actionable under Title VII bec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "867 F. Supp. 790", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_867/0790_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "283342f5eb7fd3a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 19351, "end": 19360, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "7 F.Supp. 790, 796 (N.D.Ind.1994) (harassment by males against male homosexual not actionable under Title VII because Title VII aimed at gender-biased atmosphere and no evidence that male harassed because he w", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3eeaf6209b6f30b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 19369, "end": 19378, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " (N.D.Ind.1994) (harassment by males against male homosexual not actionable under Title VII because Title VII aimed at gender-biased atmosphere and no evidence that male harassed because he was male); Goluszek", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8659a7f47005390", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 19489, "end": 19505, "quote": "697 F.Supp. 1452", "context": "ender-biased atmosphere and no evidence that male harassed because he was male); Goluszek v. Smith, 697 F.Supp. 1452, 1455-56 (N.D.Ill. 1988) (sexual harassment against male in male-dominated environment not actionab", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "697 F. Supp. 1452", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_697/1452_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4401fcf5093b3050", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 19614, "end": 19623, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " (N.D.Ill. 1988) (sexual harassment against male in male-dominated environment not actionable under Title VII because action would be inconsistent with Title VII’s goal of remedying discrimination and correcti", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18f7317aaa82d353", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 19666, "end": 19675, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "male-dominated environment not actionable under Title VII because action would be inconsistent with Title VII’s goal of remedying discrimination and correcting imbalance of power).\nThis Court is unaware of any", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28585fe45c9bf305", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 19848, "end": 19857, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "his Court is unaware of any holdings in the District of Columbia Circuit on the question of whether Title VII applies to sexual harassment by a female supervisor against a female subordinate. However, two opin", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "750290756457ac64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 20035, "end": 20047, "quote": "561 F.2d 983", "context": "ate. However, two opinions contain dicta relating to this issue. In a footnote in Barnes v. Costle, 561 F.2d 983, 990 (D.C.Cir.1977), Judge Spottswood Robinson stated that harassment by a homosexual superior woul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "561 F.2d 983", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_561/0983_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7917026eafaf05b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 20169, "end": 20178, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "Judge Spottswood Robinson stated that harassment by a homosexual superior would be actionable under Title VII because “[i]in each instance, the legal problem would be identical to that confronting us now — the", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79d4c8a9f4d93d0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 20370, "end": 20380, "quote": "Id. at 990", "context": "ow — the exaction of a condition which, but for his or her sex, the employee would not have faced.” Id. at 990 n. 55. The court further stated that “[i]n the case of a bisexual superior, the insistence upon sex", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_561/0983_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b33c9da2a40f879", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 20594, "end": 20597, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ld not constitute gender discrimination because it would apply to male and female employees alike.” Id. The Court repeated this statement in Bundy v. Jackson, 641 F.2d 934, 942 n. 7 (D.C.Cir.1981). Thus,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "561 F.2d 983", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_561/0983_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ba2faf18e0555b92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 20653, "end": 20665, "quote": "641 F.2d 934", "context": "ply to male and female employees alike.” Id. The Court repeated this statement in Bundy v. Jackson, 641 F.2d 934, 942 n. 7 (D.C.Cir.1981). Thus, it appears that this Circuit does not interpret Title VII to preclu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "641 F.2d 934", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_641/0934_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bba59ed4323a3057", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 20746, "end": 20755, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ckson, 641 F.2d 934, 942 n. 7 (D.C.Cir.1981). Thus, it appears that this Circuit does not interpret Title VII to preclude all Title VII cases involving sexual harassment in which a supervisor harasses a member", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "71e8f35c20bdce8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 20772, "end": 20781, "quote": "Title VII", "context": ". 7 (D.C.Cir.1981). Thus, it appears that this Circuit does not interpret Title VII to preclude all Title VII cases involving sexual harassment in which a supervisor harasses a member of the same gender. Howev", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4ec26ef70209bbc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 20930, "end": 20939, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ervisor harasses a member of the same gender. However, this Circuit apparently does not recognize a Title VII cause of action for sexual harassment when the supervisor is bisexual.\nIn light of the language in ", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5cc422ecc4f5ebbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 21691, "end": 21700, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "dispute.\nThis purported issue of fact suggests a practical flaw in this Circuit’s interpretation of Title VII. Assuming that the language in Barnes and Bundy is the law of this Circuit, any defendant could avo", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "868935b663bfb425", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 21803, "end": 21812, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ssuming that the language in Barnes and Bundy is the law of this Circuit, any defendant could avoid Title VII liability for sexual harassment by claiming to be a bisexual or by harassing members of both sexes.", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e976748e388881c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 22034, "end": 22043, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "produce an anomalous result: a victim of sexual harassment in the District of Columbia would have a Title VII remedy in all situations except those in which the victim is harassed by a particularly unspeakable", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e0dd16df23a92b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 22311, "end": 22320, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "possibility, the prospect of having litigants debate and juries determine the sexual orientation of Title VII defendants is a rather unpleasant one.\nJudge Bork apparently foresaw these problems when he dissent", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2de74ff0518aed95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 22483, "end": 22496, "quote": "760 F.2d 1330", "context": "oresaw these problems when he dissented from the denial of a rehearing en banc in Vinson v. Taylor, 760 F.2d 1330, 1333 n. 7 (D.C.Cir.1985). There, Judge Bork argued that Title VII did not apply to sexual harassme", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "760 F.2d 1330", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_760/1330_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b1ee0dcefd1ece7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 22554, "end": 22563, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "en banc in Vinson v. Taylor, 760 F.2d 1330, 1333 n. 7 (D.C.Cir.1985). There, Judge Bork argued that Title VII did not apply to sexual harassment, but then reasoned that if sexual harassment was covered by Titl", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9d52dcdb7bd43ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 22659, "end": 22668, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " VII did not apply to sexual harassment, but then reasoned that if sexual harassment was covered by Title VII, “subsidiary doctrines” should be adjusted to prevent against bizarre situations where victims of s", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27b810d3ac3bb53e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 22837, "end": 22840, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e situations where victims of sexual harassment would have no protection from attacks by bisexuals. Id. Given that the Supreme Court has clearly rejected Judge Bork’s argument that Title VII does not pro", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "760 F.2d 1330", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_760/1330_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "50e1209438bf3769", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 22918, "end": 22927, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "acks by bisexuals. Id. Given that the Supreme Court has clearly rejected Judge Bork’s argument that Title VII does not protect victims of sexual harassment, the courts must now straggle with the conflict betwe", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce24f746a044db48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 23181, "end": 23190, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "eted) and the realities of modern sexual politics.\nAlthough this case presents a rather interesting Title VII problem that contains several intellectual and practical challenges, the Court finds that it does n", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4aa5fb96a2df260", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 23348, "end": 23357, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "challenges, the Court finds that it does not need to rule on the issue. Even assuming arguendo that Title VII applies to a situation where a female supervisor sexually harasses a female subordinate, the plaint", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d18ad4f198c5a53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 23530, "end": 23536, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ale subordinate, the plaintiff cannot survive summary judgment in this ease. As the Court discussed supra, defendant Guest Services is entitled to summary judgment on both the hostile environment and quid p", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d70b7a349b9c16e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 23643, "end": 23652, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ant Guest Services is entitled to summary judgment on both the hostile environment and quid pro quo Title VII claims raised in the plaintiffs amended complaint.\nB. Breach of Contract and Constructive Discharge", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f23234c8d24a579", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 24722, "end": 24736, "quote": "1991 WL 257975", "context": "eral at-will employment doctrine. Scales v. George Washington Univ., Civil Action No. 89-00796-LFO, 1991 WL 257975, at *2, 1991 U.S.Dist. LEXIS 16765, at *4 (D.D.C. November 18, 1991).\nEven assuming that a contract", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1991 WL 257975", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3a60c61410cb123", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 25152, "end": 25164, "quote": "12 F.3d 1112", "context": "here was intentional discrimination, but also that there were aggravating factors. Dashnaw v. Pena, 12 F.3d 1112, 1115 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 115 S.Ct. 417, 130 L.Ed.2d 333 (1994). The plaintiff must", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 F.3d 1112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_12/1112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d12369cf68b1a17c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 25207, "end": 25220, "quote": "115 S.Ct. 417", "context": "e were aggravating factors. Dashnaw v. Pena, 12 F.3d 1112, 1115 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 115 S.Ct. 417, 130 L.Ed.2d 333 (1994). The plaintiff must therefore show that there was discrimination and that G", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 S. Ct. 417", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95f9828ca7c6d553", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 25222, "end": 25237, "quote": "130 L.Ed.2d 333", "context": "ing factors. Dashnaw v. Pena, 12 F.3d 1112, 1115 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 115 S.Ct. 417, 130 L.Ed.2d 333 (1994). The plaintiff must therefore show that there was discrimination and that Guest Services “de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "130 L. Ed. 2d 333", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bee44e786aba74bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 25476, "end": 25489, "quote": "846 F.2d 1482", "context": "tolerable and [drove] the employee to an involuntary quit.” Katradis v. Dav-El of Washington, D.C., 846 F.2d 1482, 1485 (D.C.Cir.1988) (quoting Atlantic Richfield Co. v. District of Columbia Comm’n on Human Rights", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "846 F.2d 1482", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_846/1482_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c5877c5070612adc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 25591, "end": 25604, "quote": "515 A.2d 1095", "context": "1485 (D.C.Cir.1988) (quoting Atlantic Richfield Co. v. District of Columbia Comm’n on Human Rights, 515 A.2d 1095, 1101 (D.C.1986)). Thus, a constructive discharge only occurs where “the employer creates or ‘toler", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "515 A.2d 1095", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18beded7237669b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 25794, "end": 25797, "quote": "Id.", "context": " or ‘tolerates discriminatory working conditions that would drive a reasonable person to resign.’ ” Id. (quoting Hopkins v. Price Waterhouse, 825 F.2d 458, 472 (D.C.Cir. 1987), rev’d on other grounds, 49", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "515 A.2d 1095", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3305e736c8ef198", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 25836, "end": 25848, "quote": "825 F.2d 458", "context": "itions that would drive a reasonable person to resign.’ ” Id. (quoting Hopkins v. Price Waterhouse, 825 F.2d 458, 472 (D.C.Cir. 1987), rev’d on other grounds, 490 U.S. 228, 109 S.Ct. 1775, 104 L.Ed.2d 268 (1989))", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "825 F.2d 458", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_825/0458_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b17a9847f03e98e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 25895, "end": 25907, "quote": "490 U.S. 228", "context": "d. (quoting Hopkins v. Price Waterhouse, 825 F.2d 458, 472 (D.C.Cir. 1987), rev’d on other grounds, 490 U.S. 228, 109 S.Ct. 1775, 104 L.Ed.2d 268 (1989)). Even assuming that there was a showing of discrimination,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "490 U.S. 228", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d254e2853152d02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 25909, "end": 25923, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 1775", "context": "pkins v. Price Waterhouse, 825 F.2d 458, 472 (D.C.Cir. 1987), rev’d on other grounds, 490 U.S. 228, 109 S.Ct. 1775, 104 L.Ed.2d 268 (1989)). Even assuming that there was a showing of discrimination, there is nothin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 1775", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "afeadfad18542716", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 25925, "end": 25940, "quote": "104 L.Ed.2d 268", "context": "aterhouse, 825 F.2d 458, 472 (D.C.Cir. 1987), rev’d on other grounds, 490 U.S. 228, 109 S.Ct. 1775, 104 L.Ed.2d 268 (1989)). Even assuming that there was a showing of discrimination, there is nothing in the record t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 L. Ed. 2d 268", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb0e8b320ecdea3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 26630, "end": 26642, "quote": "812 F.2d 726", "context": "vices is also entitled to summary judgment on Count III. Minihan v. American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 812 F.2d 726, 729 n. 2 (D.C.Cir.1987). Additionally, the Court can find nothing in the record to support the pla", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "812 F.2d 726", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_812/0726_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "79cd1574e61a1816", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 27288, "end": 27300, "quote": "565 A.2d 285", "context": "ces, the plaintiff cannot establish an essential element of this tort. See Sorrells v. Garfinckel’s 565 A.2d 285, 289 (D.C.1989) (plaintiff must establish existence of contract to recover for tortious interferenc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "565 A.2d 285", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f84d855a0dd63d8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 27751, "end": 27765, "quote": "1991 WL 490033", "context": "g her employment duties. Gant v. Davis Memorial Goodwill Industries, Inc., Civil Action No. 91-724, 1991 WL 490033, at *3-6, 1991 U.S.Dist. LEXIS 20347, at *9-18 (D.D.C. August 16, 1991). Therefore, the Court will ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1991 WL 490033", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eed4ecd76f39d97b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 28639, "end": 28649, "quote": "8 F.3d 826", "context": " situations: (1) when the distress results “from a direct physical injury” Mackey v. United States, 8 F.3d 826, 831 (D.C.Cir.1993) (quoting District of Columbia v. McNeill, 613 A.2d 940, 943 (D.C.1992)); and (2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 F.3d 826", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_8/0826_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0776ddf11d99ca48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 28712, "end": 28724, "quote": "613 A.2d 940", "context": "” Mackey v. United States, 8 F.3d 826, 831 (D.C.Cir.1993) (quoting District of Columbia v. McNeill, 613 A.2d 940, 943 (D.C.1992)); and (2) when there is no physical impact, but the defendant’s negligence places t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "613 A.2d 940", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e2f95a1d4babf533", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 28929, "end": 28944, "quote": "613 A.2d at 943", "context": "aintiff in a zone of physical danger where the plaintiff fears for his or her own safety.” McNeill, 613 A.2d at 943. In the first type of situation, the physical injury need not be substantial. Asuncion v. Columbia ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "613 A.2d 940", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2218165eb896657", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 29061, "end": 29074, "quote": "514 A.2d 1187", "context": "pe of situation, the physical injury need not be substantial. Asuncion v. Columbia Hosp. for Women, 514 A.2d 1187, 1189 (D.C.1986). In order to recover under this tort, the emotional distress must be “serious and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "514 A.2d 1187", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1275aea5c9a62df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 29216, "end": 29228, "quote": "589 A.2d 419", "context": "er this tort, the emotional distress must be “serious and verifiable.” Jones v. Howard Univ., Inc., 589 A.2d 419, 424 (D.C.1991).\nIt is clear that the plaintiff cannot recover under the first theory. She sustaine", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "589 A.2d 419", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b4d6e98a8ec897e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 29651, "end": 29664, "quote": "8 F.3d at 831", "context": "as touched by O’Brien cannot amount to the “direct physical injury” that the cases require. Mackey, 8 F.3d at 831. In fact, the plaintiff admitted during her deposition that she suffered no physical injury while w", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "8 F.3d 826", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_8/0826_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "78b9818cd11596da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 30219, "end": 30231, "quote": "648 A.2d 428", "context": "ce that his “physical safety was imminently endangered.” McMillan v. National R.R. Passenger Corp., 648 A.2d 428 (D.C.1994). In so holding, the court found that the plaintiff had not demonstrated that the “threat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "648 A.2d 428", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97aac9de8e1a49ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 30388, "end": 30391, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ntiff had not demonstrated that the “threat of injury claimed was more than minimal or negligible.” Id. The plaintiff here has likewise presented no evidence that her physical safety was imminently endan", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "648 A.2d 428", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a163586790f1a48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 31242, "end": 31253, "quote": "28 F.3d 120", "context": " employees. This tort has been recognized in the District of Columbia. Tarpeh-Doe v. United States, 28 F.3d 120, 123 (D.C.Cir. 1994). As with any negligence action, the plaintiff bears the burden of demonstratin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 F.3d 120", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_28/0120_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ab13fce0fe3fa4fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 31468, "end": 31471, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e standard of care, breach thereof, and the causal relationship between the breach and the damages. Id. Even viewing the facts in the light most favorable to the plaintiff, the Court is unable to find an", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "28 F.3d 120", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_28/0120_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1c6687b4d93ff1cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 32244, "end": 32253, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ever, the record before the Court does not demonstrate that Guest Services can be held liable under Title VII in light of its prompt and adequate remedial actions. Additionally, the plaintiffs tort and contrac", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fda8e74096bfc6fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 33543, "end": 33552, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "Some courts have distinguished between these two theories and use different standards for assessing Title VII liability depending upon whether the harasser is a supervisor or co-worker. See Pierce v. Commonwea", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8465951d150368ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 33671, "end": 33682, "quote": "40 F.3d 796", "context": "g upon whether the harasser is a supervisor or co-worker. See Pierce v. Commonwealth Life Ins. Co., 40 F.3d 796, 803-804 (6th Cir.1994) (employer liability imposed in co-worker discrimination case when employer ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 F.3d 796", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_40/0796_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "daa002b576de87d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 34282, "end": 34285, "quote": "Id.", "context": " remedial actions. Such corrective action can relieve an employer of liability under either theory. Id.\n. There appears to be some factual dispute concerning whether the plaintiff was actually told that ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "40 F.3d 796", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_40/0796_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b415f67271257ad9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 34841, "end": 34844, "quote": "id.", "context": "y states that she had been told that she would be transferred back to the Air and Space Museum. See id. Ex. 17. Regardless of this factual conflict, nothing in the record indicates that Guest Services at", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "40 F.3d 796", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_40/0796_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "08a6c0931b6171e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 35083, "end": 35089, "quote": "supra,", "context": "er the plaintiff filed her sexual harassment complaint with the company.\n. As stated in footnote 2, supra, whether Guest Services knew or should have known about O'Brien’s actions may not be relevant to det", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "1991 WL 490033", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d9b612aa6e0e90e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 36131, "end": 36144, "quote": "114 S.Ct. 367", "context": "ted an objectively hostile or abusive work environment. Harris v. Forklift Sys., Inc., — U.S. —, —, 114 S.Ct. 367, 370, 126 L.Ed.2d 295 (1993).\nAt oral argument, the plaintiff also stated that Guest Services shoul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 S. Ct. 367", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_510/0017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c5e2e44a9f3ff09c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 36151, "end": 36166, "quote": "126 L.Ed.2d 295", "context": "ostile or abusive work environment. Harris v. Forklift Sys., Inc., — U.S. —, —, 114 S.Ct. 367, 370, 126 L.Ed.2d 295 (1993).\nAt oral argument, the plaintiff also stated that Guest Services should have been aware of O", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 L. Ed. 2d 295", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_510/0017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d7badd6d83f3bdc8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 37135, "end": 37144, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "rassment complaint.\n. The Court notes that this language in Barnes could be interpreted to prohibit Title VII sexual harassment cases any time a supervisor is bisexual. Alternatively, the language could mean t", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61eef1d10b29a739", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 37281, "end": 37290, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "upervisor is bisexual. Alternatively, the language could mean that a supervisor is only immune from Title VII sexual harassment suits when there is evidence that the supervisor has actually harassed members of", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c34a321894fc00a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 37469, "end": 37478, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "y harassed members of both sexes. Under either interpretation, the Barnes court’s interpretation of Title VII would lead to bizarre results and some rather provocative trial testimony.\n. One can only speculate", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73282c83f7baea06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 37919, "end": 37928, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "of his liaisons with members of both sexes? Surely Congress did not anticipate that the language of Title VII would eventually produce such concerns.\n. At least one court has denied summary judgment by relying", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a83282155239372", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 38104, "end": 38120, "quote": "826 F.Supp. 1334", "context": "mary judgment by relying in part upon Judge Bork's reasoning. See Chiapuzio v. BLT Operating Corp., 826 F.Supp. 1334, 1336-38 (D.Wyo.1993) (finding that Title VII could apply when supervisor verbally harassed members", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "826 F. Supp. 1334", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_826/1334_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83f8abaeb155c790", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 38157, "end": 38166, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "asoning. See Chiapuzio v. BLT Operating Corp., 826 F.Supp. 1334, 1336-38 (D.Wyo.1993) (finding that Title VII could apply when supervisor verbally harassed members of both genders).\n. Of course, the simplest a", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d36889090b51d436", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 38330, "end": 38339, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "enders).\n. Of course, the simplest and best solution would be for Congress to amend the language of Title VII to reflect its specific intentions concerning the application vel non of the statute to incidents w", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ac79fb62307f7db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 38619, "end": 38628, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "idance, the courts must struggle with several intellectually unsatisfying options: (1) interpreting Title VII to prohibit sexual harassment claims when supervisors harass members of the same gender, (2) interp", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dfc52775c0a6bf6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 38998, "end": 39007, "quote": "Title VII", "context": ". This last interpretation would appear to require the court to interpret the word \"sex” as used in Title VII to mean something more than gender. At least one commentator has argued in favor of such a novel in", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da3f41a2a246bdd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 39229, "end": 39238, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "el A. Marcosson, Harassment on the Basis of Sexual Orientation: A Claim of Sex Discrimination Under Title VII, 81 Geo.L.J. 1, 14 — 15 (1992) (arguing that Title VII should be interpreted to apply to all \"sex-b", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34267b03eac29c28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 39284, "end": 39293, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ntation: A Claim of Sex Discrimination Under Title VII, 81 Geo.L.J. 1, 14 — 15 (1992) (arguing that Title VII should be interpreted to apply to all \"sex-based” harassment, regardless of whether the harasser is", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2ad2c735ee345f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 40080, "end": 40092, "quote": "id. at 28-34", "context": " her physical safety in her discussion of the negligent infliction of emotional distress claim. See id. at 28-34. She simply argues that she feared that O'Brien might touch her again. Id.\n. Because of the Court’s", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5bbeb965e4ff2c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 40164, "end": 40167, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ress claim. See id. at 28-34. She simply argues that she feared that O'Brien might touch her again. Id.\n. Because of the Court’s ruling, it does not need to address the defendants' argument that the plai", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5600095c1ccbd6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_877/0754_01/index.html", "start": 40408, "end": 40417, "quote": "§ 36-304.", "context": "e has not exhausted her remedies under the District of Columbia Workers’ Compensation Act, D.C.Code § 36-304. The Court also does not need to address the defendants' motion to strike two of the plaintiff's exh", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f1e583d3a87f96f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_9/0673_01/index.html", "start": 6310, "end": 6323, "quote": "283 U. S. 230", "context": "k those decisions have no application here. Counsel for defendant rely largely on Burnet v. Porter, 283 U. S. 230, 51 S. Ct. 416, 75 L. Ed. 996, wherein the Supreme Court held that the Commissioner might set aside", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "283 U.S. 230", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76a66412c6148581", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_9/0673_01/index.html", "start": 6325, "end": 6338, "quote": "51 S. Ct. 416", "context": "ns have no application here. Counsel for defendant rely largely on Burnet v. Porter, 283 U. S. 230, 51 S. Ct. 416, 75 L. Ed. 996, wherein the Supreme Court held that the Commissioner might set aside an allowance f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 416", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "855c6a56055f2f68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_9/0673_01/index.html", "start": 6340, "end": 6353, "quote": "75 L. Ed. 996", "context": "ication here. Counsel for defendant rely largely on Burnet v. Porter, 283 U. S. 230, 51 S. Ct. 416, 75 L. Ed. 996, wherein the Supreme Court held that the Commissioner might set aside an allowance for a refund and", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 L. Ed. 996", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "12b92dd5c61ad6f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_9/0673_01/index.html", "start": 8793, "end": 8806, "quote": "40 F.(2d) 148", "context": "existed.\nThe situation is very different .from cases such as York Safe & Lock Co. v. United States, 40 F.(2d) 148, 69 Ct. Cl. 529; Standard Oil Co. v. United States, 5 F.Supp. 976, 78 Ct. Cl. 714; McCarl, Comptrol", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 F.2d 148", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_40/0148_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f20d2720d9dcc5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_9/0673_01/index.html", "start": 8808, "end": 8822, "quote": "69 Ct. Cl. 529", "context": "tuation is very different .from cases such as York Safe & Lock Co. v. United States, 40 F.(2d) 148, 69 Ct. Cl. 529; Standard Oil Co. v. United States, 5 F.Supp. 976, 78 Ct. Cl. 714; McCarl, Comptroller General, v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 Ct. Cl. 529", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3a1e9834c67270c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_9/0673_01/index.html", "start": 8859, "end": 8872, "quote": "5 F.Supp. 976", "context": "Safe & Lock Co. v. United States, 40 F.(2d) 148, 69 Ct. Cl. 529; Standard Oil Co. v. United States, 5 F.Supp. 976, 78 Ct. Cl. 714; McCarl, Comptroller General, v. United States ex rel. Leland, 59 App. D. C. 362, 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 F. Supp. 976", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_5/0976_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "37a03a8a4a2f040c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_9/0673_01/index.html", "start": 8874, "end": 8888, "quote": "78 Ct. Cl. 714", "context": " v. United States, 40 F.(2d) 148, 69 Ct. Cl. 529; Standard Oil Co. v. United States, 5 F.Supp. 976, 78 Ct. Cl. 714; McCarl, Comptroller General, v. United States ex rel. Leland, 59 App. D. C. 362, 42 F.(2d) 346; an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 Ct. Cl. 714", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bcc8b26eabbac820", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_9/0673_01/index.html", "start": 8971, "end": 8984, "quote": "42 F.(2d) 346", "context": "6, 78 Ct. Cl. 714; McCarl, Comptroller General, v. United States ex rel. Leland, 59 App. D. C. 362, 42 F.(2d) 346; and Lucas, Commissioner, v. United States ex rel. Blackstone Mfg. Co., 59 App. D. C. 389, 45 F.(2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 F.2d 346", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_42/0346_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad90d46a93fc5a81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_9/0673_01/index.html", "start": 9076, "end": 9088, "quote": "45 F.(2d) 29", "context": "(2d) 346; and Lucas, Commissioner, v. United States ex rel. Blackstone Mfg. Co., 59 App. D. C. 389, 45 F.(2d) 29!. These are bases'in'which the plaintiff sought to have a payment applied or an overpayment credite", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 F.2d 29", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6aa89aa2db110ffc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 85, "end": 107, "quote": "38 U.S.C.A. §§ 801-818", "context": "\nCONNOR, District Judge.\nAction under the National Service Life Insurance Act, Title 38 U.S.C.A. §§ 801-818, with jurisdiction conferred by Section 817 thereof. The plaintiff is the mother of a deceased vete", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "38 U.S.C. §§ 801-818", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be3fb764a9e271bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 140, "end": 151, "quote": "Section 817", "context": "e National Service Life Insurance Act, Title 38 U.S.C.A. §§ 801-818, with jurisdiction conferred by Section 817 thereof. The plaintiff is the mother of a deceased veteran, Wallace F. Blanchard, and the defendant", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "53a4d181d3b3f995", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 1079, "end": 1086, "quote": "the Act", "context": "urn to this country and died October 24, 1943. At the time of his decease, there was in force under the Act a policy in the sum of $10,000, the named beneficiaries being Minnie Blanchard, his mother, and Jos", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "401f9e90699cadfe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 1441, "end": 1455, "quote": "Section 802(h)", "context": "nt, formerly paid to him, was thereafter paid to the veteran’s widow, apparently in compliance with Section 802(h) (3) (A) of the Act.\nThe mother of the veteran, by appeal to the Board, contested the ruling of the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6336cb3046f9c54f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 1467, "end": 1474, "quote": "the Act", "context": "was thereafter paid to the veteran’s widow, apparently in compliance with Section 802(h) (3) (A) of the Act.\nThe mother of the veteran, by appeal to the Board, contested the ruling of the Veterans’ Administr", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d55028ca3516ec1a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5108, "end": 5115, "quote": "the Act", "context": "uch evidence, the record does not warrant an order of reformation.\nAs above noted, litigation under the Act has evolved the rule that to effect a change of beneficiary some affirmative action must be taken' ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4dd1819d03bee740", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5764, "end": 5783, "quote": "84 U.S.App.D.C. 218", "context": " form of a writing, even though meager, so long as it was by the hand of the insured. Cohn v. Cohn, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 218, 171 F.2d 828, certiorari denied, 336 U. S. 962, 69 S.Ct. 892, 93 L.Ed. 1114; Farmakis v. Farmakis,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 U.S. App. D.C. 218", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6916af001632fb35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5785, "end": 5797, "quote": "171 F.2d 828", "context": "ven though meager, so long as it was by the hand of the insured. Cohn v. Cohn, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 218, 171 F.2d 828, certiorari denied, 336 U. S. 962, 69 S.Ct. 892, 93 L.Ed. 1114; Farmakis v. Farmakis, 84 U.S.App.D.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "171 F.2d 828", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_171/0828_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ff7491a97fe76ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5818, "end": 5831, "quote": "336 U. S. 962", "context": "was by the hand of the insured. Cohn v. Cohn, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 218, 171 F.2d 828, certiorari denied, 336 U. S. 962, 69 S.Ct. 892, 93 L.Ed. 1114; Farmakis v. Farmakis, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 297, 172 F.2d 291, certiorari d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "336 U.S. 962", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d04c223c76e6184", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5833, "end": 5845, "quote": "69 S.Ct. 892", "context": " of the insured. Cohn v. Cohn, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 218, 171 F.2d 828, certiorari denied, 336 U. S. 962, 69 S.Ct. 892, 93 L.Ed. 1114; Farmakis v. Farmakis, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 297, 172 F.2d 291, certiorari denied, 337 U.S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 S. Ct. 892", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8981f08ba0a8adf6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5847, "end": 5860, "quote": "93 L.Ed. 1114", "context": "d. Cohn v. Cohn, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 218, 171 F.2d 828, certiorari denied, 336 U. S. 962, 69 S.Ct. 892, 93 L.Ed. 1114; Farmakis v. Farmakis, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 297, 172 F.2d 291, certiorari denied, 337 U.S. 958, 69 S.Ct.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 1114", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "92cf112d6b86dd3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5884, "end": 5903, "quote": "84 U.S.App.D.C. 297", "context": " 171 F.2d 828, certiorari denied, 336 U. S. 962, 69 S.Ct. 892, 93 L.Ed. 1114; Farmakis v. Farmakis, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 297, 172 F.2d 291, certiorari denied, 337 U.S. 958, 69 S.Ct. 1535, 93 L.Ed. 1757; Mitchell v. United St", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 U.S. App. D.C. 297", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ade9ab1e8b57481c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5905, "end": 5917, "quote": "172 F.2d 291", "context": "rari denied, 336 U. S. 962, 69 S.Ct. 892, 93 L.Ed. 1114; Farmakis v. Farmakis, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 297, 172 F.2d 291, certiorari denied, 337 U.S. 958, 69 S.Ct. 1535, 93 L.Ed. 1757; Mitchell v. United States, 5 Cir., ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "172 F.2d 291", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_172/0291_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "141856d70f949e05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5938, "end": 5950, "quote": "337 U.S. 958", "context": "Ct. 892, 93 L.Ed. 1114; Farmakis v. Farmakis, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 297, 172 F.2d 291, certiorari denied, 337 U.S. 958, 69 S.Ct. 1535, 93 L.Ed. 1757; Mitchell v. United States, 5 Cir., 165 F.2d 758, 2 A.L. R.2d 484; Br", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "337 U.S. 958", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e7ce12c9bbd0d2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5952, "end": 5965, "quote": "69 S.Ct. 1535", "context": "Ed. 1114; Farmakis v. Farmakis, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 297, 172 F.2d 291, certiorari denied, 337 U.S. 958, 69 S.Ct. 1535, 93 L.Ed. 1757; Mitchell v. United States, 5 Cir., 165 F.2d 758, 2 A.L. R.2d 484; Bradley v. United", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 S. Ct. 1535", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0ae648bf52c39a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 5967, "end": 5980, "quote": "93 L.Ed. 1757", "context": "kis v. Farmakis, 84 U.S.App.D.C. 297, 172 F.2d 291, certiorari denied, 337 U.S. 958, 69 S.Ct. 1535, 93 L.Ed. 1757; Mitchell v. United States, 5 Cir., 165 F.2d 758, 2 A.L. R.2d 484; Bradley v. United States, 10 Cir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 1757", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb8b2cbf58fb417d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 6017, "end": 6029, "quote": "165 F.2d 758", "context": ", certiorari denied, 337 U.S. 958, 69 S.Ct. 1535, 93 L.Ed. 1757; Mitchell v. United States, 5 Cir., 165 F.2d 758, 2 A.L. R.2d 484; Bradley v. United States, 10 Cir., 143 F.2d 573; cf. Annotation 2 A.L.R.2d 489, w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 F.2d 758", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_165/0758_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "053235ecedeff5d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 6083, "end": 6095, "quote": "143 F.2d 573", "context": "itchell v. United States, 5 Cir., 165 F.2d 758, 2 A.L. R.2d 484; Bradley v. United States, 10 Cir., 143 F.2d 573; cf. Annotation 2 A.L.R.2d 489, with summary at page 509.\nDesignation of beneficiary and change of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "143 F.2d 573", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_143/0573_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f6e973c46822f006", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_91/0889_01/index.html", "start": 6112, "end": 6126, "quote": "2 A.L.R.2d 489", "context": "ir., 165 F.2d 758, 2 A.L. R.2d 484; Bradley v. United States, 10 Cir., 143 F.2d 573; cf. Annotation 2 A.L.R.2d 489, with summary at page 509.\nDesignation of beneficiary and change of beneficiary differ only in term", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 A.L.R. 2d 489", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "377bb2c47f88af41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 333, "end": 347, "quote": "5 U.S.C. § 701", "context": "R.Civ.P., for summary judgment regarding their action pursuant to the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. § 701 et seq., (the “APA”), challenging the denial by the Keeper of the National Register of Historic Pla", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "5 U.S.C. § 701", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_5/section_701/title5_sec701_a9432b1de913/701_application_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "3b56502ef7a6bc67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 3969, "end": 3989, "quote": "36 C.F.R. § 60.6(c).", "context": "ing them of the nomination to the State and National Registers, as required by federal regulations. 36 C.F.R. § 60.6(c). The Moody Hill Plaintiffs submitted objections regarding the nomination to the National and State R", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b49f3fdff387569", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 5040, "end": 5047, "quote": "§ 427.5", "context": "provide notice within the time required by the New York Code of Rules and Regulations, 9 N.Y.C.R.R. § 427.5; and (3) the decision had been issued without a written finding in support as required by the regul", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f2946a2a284fc7a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 5155, "end": 5158, "quote": "Id.", "context": ") the decision had been issued without a written finding in support as required by the regulations. Id. On June 29,1994, the New York Supreme Court, Dutchess County, granted Moody Hill’s Article 78 proce", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45a83ec1df795edf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 6483, "end": 6503, "quote": "36 C.F.R. § 60.6(a).", "context": "tation was being considered for entry on the National Register, as required by federal regulations. 36 C.F.R. § 60.6(a). On September 30,1993, Coleman Station was listed on the National Register. Pursuant to federal regu", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30cfb57206178bb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 6718, "end": 6721, "quote": "id.", "context": " of the listing was published in the Federal Register the same day and notice was sent to the NYHP, id. § 60.13(b), who was responsible for notifying property owners within the district. Id. § 60.6(u). T", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2018dd08ca5b5e9d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 6722, "end": 6732, "quote": "§ 60.13(b)", "context": "the listing was published in the Federal Register the same day and notice was sent to the NYHP, id. § 60.13(b), who was responsible for notifying property owners within the district. Id. § 60.6(u). The NYHP did", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "357ada59ba45c0d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 6805, "end": 6808, "quote": "Id.", "context": "to the NYHP, id. § 60.13(b), who was responsible for notifying property owners within the district. Id. § 60.6(u). The NYHP did not notify property owners of the National Register listing until December ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73c1915ae3abdd9a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 6809, "end": 6818, "quote": "§ 60.6(u)", "context": "he NYHP, id. § 60.13(b), who was responsible for notifying property owners within the district. Id. § 60.6(u). The NYHP did not notify property owners of the National Register listing until December 31, 1994, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "625ef6e4f9897251", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 7620, "end": 7637, "quote": "36 C.F.R. § 60.15", "context": ", Plaintiffs submitted a petition to remove Coleman Station from the National Register, pursuant to 36 C.F.R. § 60.15, on grounds that: (1) the property did not meet the National Register criteria for evaluation; (2) ", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "36 C.F.R. § 60.15", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "adc62f5d434dbb33", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 8117, "end": 8137, "quote": "36 C.F.R. § 60.4(a).", "context": "oric District were defective and that Coleman Station lacked the “historical integrity” required by 36 C.F.R. § 60.4(a). In support of their assertion of prejudicial procedural error, Plaintiffs alleged that the seventee", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cd18dee73c814e07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 10918, "end": 10931, "quote": "§ 617.4(b)(9)", "context": "n his or her property which involves approval or funding from a state or local agency. 6 N.Y.C.R.R. § 617.4(b)(9). According to Plaintiffs, imposition of SEQRA implicates their property interest, and therefore the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c033ec257b75fe98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 12134, "end": 12145, "quote": "834 F.2d 54", "context": " expected to resolve disputed issues of fact, Donahue v. Windsor Locks Board of Fire Commissioners, 834 F.2d 54, 57 (2d Cir.1987), but to determine whether there are any factual issues which require a trial. Mat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "834 F.2d 54", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_834/0054_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e3582a92709eec4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 12300, "end": 12312, "quote": "475 U.S. 574", "context": "any factual issues which require a trial. Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 585-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 1355-56, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). The court must view the evidence in the li", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e32c7805612fc0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 12322, "end": 12336, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "ch require a trial. Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 585-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 1355-56, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). The court must view the evidence in the light most favorable to th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "428de4f15e61750b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 12347, "end": 12361, "quote": "89 L.Ed.2d 538", "context": "shita Electric Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 585-87, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 1355-56, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986). The court must view the evidence in the light most favorable to the non-moving party. O'Bri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 2d 538", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f50d4c3bfd7b88ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 12488, "end": 12499, "quote": "944 F.2d 69", "context": "w the evidence in the light most favorable to the non-moving party. O'Brien v. National Gypsum Co., 944 F.2d 69, 72 (2d Cir.1991). However, the non-moving party “must do more than simply show that there is some ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "944 F.2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_944/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2362574af94b393c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 12645, "end": 12655, "quote": "Id. at 586", "context": "rty “must do more than simply show that there is some metaphysical doubt as to the material facts.” Id. at 586, 106 S.Ct. at 1356.\nA. An Issue of Fact Exists as to Whether Plaintiffs’ Property Interests are Imp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6dcf002ebb7f1540", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 12657, "end": 12674, "quote": "106 S.Ct. at 1356", "context": " more than simply show that there is some metaphysical doubt as to the material facts.” Id. at 586, 106 S.Ct. at 1356.\nA. An Issue of Fact Exists as to Whether Plaintiffs’ Property Interests are Implicated by Impositi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e1b4c839f72b3938", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 13309, "end": 13321, "quote": "31 F.3d 1191", "context": "ocess.” Local 342, Long Island Public Serv. Employees, UMD, ILA, AFL-CIO v. Town Bd. of Huntington, 31 F.3d 1191, 1194 (2d Cir.1994); Irwin v. City of New York, 902 F.Supp. 442, 446-47 (S.D.N.Y.1995). Property ri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "31 F.3d 1191", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_31/1191_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9f25da42676718b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 13370, "end": 13385, "quote": "902 F.Supp. 442", "context": "LA, AFL-CIO v. Town Bd. of Huntington, 31 F.3d 1191, 1194 (2d Cir.1994); Irwin v. City of New York, 902 F.Supp. 442, 446-47 (S.D.N.Y.1995). Property rights are not subject to due process protection unless the plaint", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "902 F. Supp. 442", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_902/0442_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c2c3cb7d77592dfc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 13606, "end": 13616, "quote": "Id. at 447", "context": "unilateral expectation of it. The plaintiff must, instead, have a legitimate claim of entitlement.” Id. at 447 (quoting Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564, 577, 92 S.Ct. 2701, 2709, 33 L.E", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_902/0442_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f486473d7e4668f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 13670, "end": 13682, "quote": "408 U.S. 564", "context": "a legitimate claim of entitlement.” Id. at 447 (quoting Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564, 577, 92 S.Ct. 2701, 2709, 33 L.Ed.2d 548 (1972)). “Property interests are not created by the Const", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "408 U.S. 564", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d0a35702989598d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 13689, "end": 13702, "quote": "92 S.Ct. 2701", "context": "of entitlement.” Id. at 447 (quoting Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564, 577, 92 S.Ct. 2701, 2709, 33 L.Ed.2d 548 (1972)). “Property interests are not created by the Constitution, they are cr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 S. Ct. 2701", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4eb0af91099b9a38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 13710, "end": 13724, "quote": "33 L.Ed.2d 548", "context": "at 447 (quoting Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564, 577, 92 S.Ct. 2701, 2709, 33 L.Ed.2d 548 (1972)). “Property interests are not created by the Constitution, they are created and their dimens", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "33 L. Ed. 2d 548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4e59ca61837fb51", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 13979, "end": 13991, "quote": "470 U.S. 532", "context": "at stem from an independent source, such as state law.” Cleveland Board of Education v. Loudermill, 470 U.S. 532, 538, 105 S.Ct. 1487, 1491, 84 L.Ed.2d 494 (1985) (quoting Roth, 408 U.S. at 577, 92 S.Ct. at 2709)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "470 U.S. 532", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c6d455c6fb26a4f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 13998, "end": 14012, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 1487", "context": "ependent source, such as state law.” Cleveland Board of Education v. Loudermill, 470 U.S. 532, 538, 105 S.Ct. 1487, 1491, 84 L.Ed.2d 494 (1985) (quoting Roth, 408 U.S. at 577, 92 S.Ct. at 2709). Because the propert", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 1487", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8982c9ae79b9c415", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 14020, "end": 14034, "quote": "84 L.Ed.2d 494", "context": "as state law.” Cleveland Board of Education v. Loudermill, 470 U.S. 532, 538, 105 S.Ct. 1487, 1491, 84 L.Ed.2d 494 (1985) (quoting Roth, 408 U.S. at 577, 92 S.Ct. at 2709). Because the property interest claimed her", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 L. Ed. 2d 494", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd5a3f757919ac97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 14057, "end": 14072, "quote": "408 U.S. at 577", "context": "cation v. Loudermill, 470 U.S. 532, 538, 105 S.Ct. 1487, 1491, 84 L.Ed.2d 494 (1985) (quoting Roth, 408 U.S. at 577, 92 S.Ct. at 2709). Because the property interest claimed here involves New York State regulation o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "408 U.S. 564", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "425cb677375fff28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 14074, "end": 14090, "quote": "92 S.Ct. at 2709", "context": "ill, 470 U.S. 532, 538, 105 S.Ct. 1487, 1491, 84 L.Ed.2d 494 (1985) (quoting Roth, 408 U.S. at 577, 92 S.Ct. at 2709). Because the property interest claimed here involves New York State regulation of land use, the ex", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "92 S. Ct. 2701", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f8e1b7749d6b451", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 14435, "end": 14446, "quote": "46 F.3d 162", "context": "e if the benefit claimed by a plaintiff constitutes a property interest. Walz v. Town of Smithtown, 46 F.3d 162, 167-68 (2d Cir.1995); RRI Realty Corp. Inc. v. Village of Southampton, 870 F.2d 911, 918 (2d Cir.1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 F.3d 162", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_46/0162_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "042d13b7e4478a68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 14519, "end": 14531, "quote": "870 F.2d 911", "context": "n of Smithtown, 46 F.3d 162, 167-68 (2d Cir.1995); RRI Realty Corp. Inc. v. Village of Southampton, 870 F.2d 911, 918 (2d Cir.1989). In applying the entitlement analysis test, the court must focus on the degree o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "870 F.2d 911", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_870/0911_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "34284abf97d43661", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 14711, "end": 14726, "quote": "870 F.2d at 918", "context": "ocus on the degree of official discretion exercised in granting or denying the claimed benefit. RRI 870 F.2d at 918. “The question can be particularly difficult in cases involving governmental regulation of the mann", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "870 F.2d 911", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_870/0911_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "467e5305a83561f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 14897, "end": 14908, "quote": "805 F.2d 81", "context": "mental regulation of the manner in which an owner may use his property.” Sullivan v. Town of Salem, 805 F.2d 81, 84 (2d Cir.1986). Where the state agency retains full discretion to grant or deny the application,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "805 F.2d 81", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_805/0081_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "577ab689c834ec22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 15289, "end": 15300, "quote": "18 F.3d 188", "context": "ly circumscribed as to virtually assure conferral of the benefit.” Gagliardi v. Village of Pawling, 18 F.3d 188, 192 (2d Cir.1994) (quoting RRI, 870 F.2d at 918).\nPlaintiffs contend that protectible property rig", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 F.3d 188", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_18/0188_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fbb57262ed96e9a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 15334, "end": 15349, "quote": "870 F.2d at 918", "context": "rral of the benefit.” Gagliardi v. Village of Pawling, 18 F.3d 188, 192 (2d Cir.1994) (quoting RRI, 870 F.2d at 918).\nPlaintiffs contend that protectible property rights are implicated by the listing in the National", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "870 F.2d 911", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_870/0911_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c99e6ee69a8b8066", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 15932, "end": 15942, "quote": "§ 617.1(k)", "context": "cts agencies to require an EIS for “actions they directly undertake, fund or approve.” 6 N.Y.C.R.R. § 617.1(k). SEQRA sets forth a list of actions which automatically require the preparation of an EIS. Id. § 61", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f93136f703fc061", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 16034, "end": 16037, "quote": "Id.", "context": "617.1(k). SEQRA sets forth a list of actions which automatically require the preparation of an EIS. Id. § 617.4. This list of “Type I Actions” includes any physical change made on property within or adja", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8aa5d2c54fe5e336", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 16038, "end": 16046, "quote": "§ 617.4.", "context": "1(k). SEQRA sets forth a list of actions which automatically require the preparation of an EIS. Id. § 617.4. This list of “Type I Actions” includes any physical change made on property within or adjacent to a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "442dff72b17ef7f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 16209, "end": 16212, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e on property within or adjacent to a historical district listed on the State or National Register. Id. at § 617.4(b)(9). In relevant part, SEQRA defines “action” as:\n(1) projects or physical activities,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34dbedd390d74f40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 16216, "end": 16229, "quote": "§ 617.4(b)(9)", "context": "operty within or adjacent to a historical district listed on the State or National Register. Id. at § 617.4(b)(9). In relevant part, SEQRA defines “action” as:\n(1) projects or physical activities, such as construc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4279fb2b5ca63196", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 16640, "end": 16644, "quote": "Id.,", "context": "by an agency; or (iii) require one or more new or modified approvals from an agency or agencies ...\nId., § 617.2(b). SEQRA defines agency “approval” as ,“a discretionary decision by an agency to issue a p", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d71a47e4e898d6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 16645, "end": 16655, "quote": "§ 617.2(b)", "context": " agency; or (iii) require one or more new or modified approvals from an agency or agencies ...\nId., § 617.2(b). SEQRA defines agency “approval” as ,“a discretionary decision by an agency to issue a permit, cert", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13b64fca3a591826", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 18082, "end": 18096, "quote": "805 F.2d at 85", "context": "kelihood that without the due process violation that application would have been granted.\nSullivan, 805 F.2d at 85. Here, an issue of fact exists as to the scope of agency discretion regarding actions covered by SE", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "805 F.2d 81", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_805/0081_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c57251005edf24f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 18655, "end": 18669, "quote": "46 F.3d at 168", "context": "ll almost automatically follow, the recipient retains a property interest in the benefit. See Walz, 46 F.3d at 168 (property interest exists in obtaining excavation permit because requirement for issue is merely a ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "46 F.3d 162", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_46/0162_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fec192f262ca5032", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 18822, "end": 18834, "quote": "863 F.2d 205", "context": "rmit because requirement for issue is merely a completed application); Brady v. Town of Colchester, 863 F.2d 205, 212-13 (2d Cir.1988) (property interest in obtaining building permit where no requirements exist b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "863 F.2d 205", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_863/0205_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c486be0b013d797f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 18964, "end": 18978, "quote": "805 F.2d at 85", "context": "ty interest in obtaining building permit where no requirements exist beyond application); Sullivan, 805 F.2d at 85 (if property complied with applicable state and municipal requirements, then “there was no element ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "805 F.2d 81", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_805/0081_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e8fd1e4485c3fb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 19239, "end": 19254, "quote": "781 F.Supp. 152", "context": " to exercise” in determining whether to grant benefit requested); Koncelik v. Town of East Hampton, 781 F.Supp. 152, 156-57 (E.D.N.Y.1991) (property interest established in application for conforming subdivision whe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "781 F. Supp. 152", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_781/0152_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cb577c8af2a730e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 19706, "end": 19718, "quote": "424 U.S. 319", "context": "due process protection proceeds according to a balancing test, as set forth in Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319, 96 S.Ct. 893, 47 L.Ed.2d 18 (1976). Once the court has identified the private interest affected by", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "424 U.S. 319", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e974e36ac026acfa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 19720, "end": 19732, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 893", "context": "otection proceeds according to a balancing test, as set forth in Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319, 96 S.Ct. 893, 47 L.Ed.2d 18 (1976). Once the court has identified the private interest affected by official acti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 893", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f6416eef78d30e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 19734, "end": 19747, "quote": "47 L.Ed.2d 18", "context": "eds according to a balancing test, as set forth in Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319, 96 S.Ct. 893, 47 L.Ed.2d 18 (1976). Once the court has identified the private interest affected by official action, it must det", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 L. Ed. 2d 18", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "272fe89c30fb95c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 20252, "end": 20267, "quote": "424 U.S. at 335", "context": "l and administrative burdens that the additional ... procedural requirement would entail.” Mathews, 424 U.S. at 335, 96 S.Ct. at 903. The amount of procedural protection required must be determined depending on the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "424 U.S. 319", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bffbedfaafd569da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 20269, "end": 20284, "quote": "96 S.Ct. at 903", "context": "ive burdens that the additional ... procedural requirement would entail.” Mathews, 424 U.S. at 335, 96 S.Ct. at 903. The amount of procedural protection required must be determined depending on the facts of the part", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 893", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9bc3a2caddf9ea10", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 20552, "end": 20563, "quote": "985 F.2d 90", "context": "e and the legal issues determine the kind of hearing required.” Interboro Institute, Inc. v. Foley, 985 F.2d 90, 93 (2d Cir.1993); see also NLRB v. EDP Medical Computer Systems, Inc., 6 F.3d 951, 956 (2d Cir.199", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "985 F.2d 90", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_985/0090_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ba0cb7f87e843546", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 20636, "end": 20646, "quote": "6 F.3d 951", "context": " Inc. v. Foley, 985 F.2d 90, 93 (2d Cir.1993); see also NLRB v. EDP Medical Computer Systems, Inc., 6 F.3d 951, 956 (2d Cir.1993) (citing United States v. Monsanto, 924 F.2d 1186, 1192 (2d Cir.1991) and Connect", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "6 F.3d 951", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_6/0951_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad00d1b834ed07ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 20701, "end": 20714, "quote": "924 F.2d 1186", "context": "DP Medical Computer Systems, Inc., 6 F.3d 951, 956 (2d Cir.1993) (citing United States v. Monsanto, 924 F.2d 1186, 1192 (2d Cir.1991) and Connecticut v. Doehr, 501 U.S. 1, 13, 111 S.Ct. 2105, 2113-14, 115 L.Ed.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "924 F.2d 1186", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_924/1186_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1a6537bdad0d575a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 20761, "end": 20771, "quote": "501 U.S. 1", "context": "993) (citing United States v. Monsanto, 924 F.2d 1186, 1192 (2d Cir.1991) and Connecticut v. Doehr, 501 U.S. 1, 13, 111 S.Ct. 2105, 2113-14, 115 L.Ed.2d 1 (1991)). At a minimum, procedural due process requires ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "501 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9df5d959f9da7b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 20777, "end": 20791, "quote": "111 S.Ct. 2105", "context": "ted States v. Monsanto, 924 F.2d 1186, 1192 (2d Cir.1991) and Connecticut v. Doehr, 501 U.S. 1, 13, 111 S.Ct. 2105, 2113-14, 115 L.Ed.2d 1 (1991)). At a minimum, procedural due process requires notice and an opport", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 S. Ct. 2105", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_501/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "42d2452bbe34d1f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 20802, "end": 20815, "quote": "115 L.Ed.2d 1", "context": "24 F.2d 1186, 1192 (2d Cir.1991) and Connecticut v. Doehr, 501 U.S. 1, 13, 111 S.Ct. 2105, 2113-14, 115 L.Ed.2d 1 (1991)). At a minimum, procedural due process requires notice and an opportunity to be heard prior ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 L. Ed. 2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "037614f360553eb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 20962, "end": 20975, "quote": "6 F.3d at 956", "context": "requires notice and an opportunity to be heard prior to deprivation of any property interest. NLRB, 6 F.3d at 956. That minimum has been met here as regards the Moody Hill Plaintiffs, who received notice of the no", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "6 F.3d 951", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_6/0951_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b8896751f44002c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 22303, "end": 22316, "quote": "833 F.2d 1104", "context": "not be ascribed to a difference in view or the product of agency expertise.”\nSoler v. G. & U. Inc., 833 F.2d 1104, 1107 (2d Cir.1987) (quoting Motor Vehicle Mfrs. Ass’n v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 463 U.S. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "833 F.2d 1104", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_833/1104_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae31bdb2d734f755", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 22407, "end": 22418, "quote": "463 U.S. 29", "context": "F.2d 1104, 1107 (2d Cir.1987) (quoting Motor Vehicle Mfrs. Ass’n v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 463 U.S. 29, 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856, 2866-67, 77 L.Ed.2d 443 (1983)). In making this determination, the court may n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "463 U.S. 29", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5f6937ce5a78e0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 22424, "end": 22438, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 2856", "context": "2d Cir.1987) (quoting Motor Vehicle Mfrs. Ass’n v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 463 U.S. 29, 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856, 2866-67, 77 L.Ed.2d 443 (1983)). In making this determination, the court may not substitute its ju", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 2856", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c38f60db2a331ad7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 22449, "end": 22463, "quote": "77 L.Ed.2d 443", "context": "or Vehicle Mfrs. Ass’n v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 463 U.S. 29, 43, 103 S.Ct. 2856, 2866-67, 77 L.Ed.2d 443 (1983)). In making this determination, the court may not substitute its judgment for that of an age", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 L. Ed. 2d 443", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be1029642f9d70e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 22618, "end": 22630, "quote": "401 U.S. 402", "context": "ot substitute its judgment for that of an agency. Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe, 401 U.S. 402, 416, 91 S.Ct. 814, 823-24, 28 L.Ed.2d 136 (1971); State of New York Dep’t of Social Services, 21 F", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "401 U.S. 402", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4b7059926caa202", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 22637, "end": 22649, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 814", "context": "udgment for that of an agency. Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe, 401 U.S. 402, 416, 91 S.Ct. 814, 823-24, 28 L.Ed.2d 136 (1971); State of New York Dep’t of Social Services, 21 F.3d at 492. The “ar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 814", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "841fa84035935727", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 22659, "end": 22673, "quote": "28 L.Ed.2d 136", "context": " agency. Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe, 401 U.S. 402, 416, 91 S.Ct. 814, 823-24, 28 L.Ed.2d 136 (1971); State of New York Dep’t of Social Services, 21 F.3d at 492. The “arbitrary and capricious” ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 L. Ed. 2d 136", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "359509aff151b6d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 22726, "end": 22740, "quote": "21 F.3d at 492", "context": " 402, 416, 91 S.Ct. 814, 823-24, 28 L.Ed.2d 136 (1971); State of New York Dep’t of Social Services, 21 F.3d at 492. The “arbitrary and capricious” standard includes both procedural and substantive defects:\nProcedur", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ee8ef7f327339ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 23458, "end": 23474, "quote": "880 F.Supp. 1051", "context": ", or if there was a clear error of judgment.\nU.S. v. Dist. Council of NYC & Vicinity of Carpenters, 880 F.Supp. 1051, 1066 (S.D.N.Y. 1995) (citations omitted)(Haight, J.).\nBefore determining whether the Keeper’s dism", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "880 F. Supp. 1051", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_880/1051_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c4a26695270684ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 23818, "end": 23838, "quote": "36 C.F.R. § 60.1(b).", "context": "rties are added to the National Register by the.State Agency responsible for historic preservation. 36 C.F.R. § 60.1(b). The State Agency officer, in this case the Commissioner of the NYHP, must determine that the nomina", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "390ed39edac3a149", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 24063, "end": 24066, "quote": "Id.", "context": "onformance with National Register criteria” before submitting the nomination package to the Keeper. Id. at § 60.6(k), (o). If this determination is reached without controversy, the State Officer signs “B", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "155c216adf3b2ebc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 24070, "end": 24079, "quote": "§ 60.6(k)", "context": "nce with National Register criteria” before submitting the nomination package to the Keeper. Id. at § 60.6(k), (o). If this determination is reached without controversy, the State Officer signs “Block 12” to c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9cbac53335f4528", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 24443, "end": 24446, "quote": "Id.", "context": "on may be submitted by the Officer alone, or by request of the Board or the chief elected official. Id. at § 60.6(i). If the nomination has been so disputed, the Officer must sign a continuation sheet st", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "040ddd3f2463b8a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 24450, "end": 24459, "quote": "§ 60.6(i)", "context": "be submitted by the Officer alone, or by request of the Board or the chief elected official. Id. at § 60.6(i). If the nomination has been so disputed, the Officer must sign a continuation sheet stating his/her", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8425869dd1665fb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 24604, "end": 24608, "quote": "Id.,", "context": " Officer must sign a continuation sheet stating his/her opinion on the eligibility of the property. Id., at § 60.6(p). at § 60.6(p). In sum, a nomination to the National Register does not proceed unless e", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f77b5242a4df605", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 24612, "end": 24621, "quote": "§ 60.6(p)", "context": " must sign a continuation sheet stating his/her opinion on the eligibility of the property. Id., at § 60.6(p). at § 60.6(p). In sum, a nomination to the National Register does not proceed unless either the Sta", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d82c4cde9882cf04", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 24626, "end": 24635, "quote": "§ 60.6(p)", "context": "ontinuation sheet stating his/her opinion on the eligibility of the property. Id., at § 60.6(p). at § 60.6(p). In sum, a nomination to the National Register does not proceed unless either the State Agency offi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b325b73a682e421", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 25919, "end": 25937, "quote": "36 C.F.R. § 60.15.", "context": "oner of the NYHP submitted a letter expressing his views on removal of the district, as required by 36 C.F.R. § 60.15. The letter stated that the boundaries may be defective and questioned the historic integrity of the", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f279502d4c88e944", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 26621, "end": 26638, "quote": "36 C.F.R. § 60.14", "context": "ch acts and to provide documentation supporting any change.” The Keeper was apparently referring to 36 C.F.R. § 60.14, which governs alterations in district boundaries. However the Deputy Commissioner’s letter had not", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "36 C.F.R. § 60.14", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a44b9b0e330f72ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 26810, "end": 26820, "quote": "§ 60.15(e)", "context": "ommissioner’s letter had nothing to do with suggestions of alteration. It was submitted pursuant to § 60.15(e), an entirely different provision, which requires a written opinion regarding the removal of a liste", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3a6a5d9ae374aba6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 27250, "end": 27269, "quote": "880 F.Supp. at 1066", "context": "’s determination was “not based on consideration of relevant factors.” Dist. Council of Carpenters, 880 F.Supp. at 1066.\nConclusion\nFor the reasons set forth above, summary judgment is denied as to the sufficiency of du", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "880 F. Supp. 1051", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_880/1051_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "61dff52073cef6fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 27639, "end": 27654, "quote": "Section 60.6(c)", "context": "sed, and the case will be remanded upon resolution of the due process question.\nIt is so ordered.\n. Section 60.6(c) of 36 C.F.R. states in relevant part:\nAs part of the nomination process, each State is required to ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5687997010a272db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 28420, "end": 28436, "quote": "36 C.F.R. § 60.4", "context": "omments regarding the nomination can be prepared.\n. Criteria for National Register are set forth at 36 C.F.R. § 60.4, which states in relevant part:\nNational Register criteria for evaluation. The quality of significa", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "36 C.F.R. § 60.4", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e0748d4a4ac18b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 29351, "end": 29359, "quote": "§ 427.3.", "context": "d to determine suitability for State and National Register listings are identical. See 9 N.Y.C.R.R. § 427.3.\n. Subsection 60.6(u) states in relevant part:\nState Historic Preservation Officers are required to ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df40f92e2baa7853", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 29705, "end": 29718, "quote": "Section 60.15", "context": "operty owners individually of entries in the National Register need not publish a general notice.\n. Section 60.15 states in relevant part:\nRemoving properties from the National Register. (a) Grounds for removing p", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0e62ed9a6b33b00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 30566, "end": 30585, "quote": "Section 617.4(b)(9)", "context": "error shall be reconsidered for listing by the Keeper after correction of the error or errors ...\n. Section 617.4(b)(9) states that an EIS is required for:\n[A]ny Unlisted action (unless the action is designed for the pr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3d979b5f6930d66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 31391, "end": 31404, "quote": "Section 50-6.", "context": "tures or expand existing structures by more than fifty percent. Town of Northeast Code, Chapter 50, Section 50-6.\n. Historic Green Springs v. Bergland, 497 F.Supp. 839 (E.D.Va.1980), on which Plaintiffs rely to es", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "edeca85821a44ec2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 31443, "end": 31458, "quote": "497 F.Supp. 839", "context": "ty percent. Town of Northeast Code, Chapter 50, Section 50-6.\n. Historic Green Springs v. Bergland, 497 F.Supp. 839 (E.D.Va.1980), on which Plaintiffs rely to establish a due process violation in the instant case, i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "497 F. Supp. 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_497/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5262e9965eb517a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 32265, "end": 32268, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ion to the National Register independently unless there is no State historical preservation agency. Id.\n. Section 60.6(k) also states:\nAll comments received by a State and notarized statements of objecti", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "497 F. Supp. 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_497/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6dca87609032ce9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 32271, "end": 32286, "quote": "Section 60.6(k)", "context": " the National Register independently unless there is no State historical preservation agency. Id.\n. Section 60.6(k) also states:\nAll comments received by a State and notarized statements of objection to listing are ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "acdf8b5a85f03956", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 32416, "end": 32431, "quote": "Section 60.6(o)", "context": "eived by a State and notarized statements of objection to listing are submitted with a nomination.\n.Section 60.6(o) states:\nThe State Historic Preservation Officer signs block 12 of the nomination form if in his or ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "859b9a933ba041f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 32999, "end": 33014, "quote": "Section 60.6(1)", "context": " Historic Preservation Officer, the property meets the National Register criteria for evaluation.\n. Section 60.6(1) slates in relevant part:\nIf the State Historic Preservation Officer and the State Review Board disa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c94fe10801f7063", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 33768, "end": 33771, "quote": "Id.", "context": " or local government may appeal to the Keeper the failure or refusal ... to nominate the property”. Id. § 60.12(a).\n", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "497 F. Supp. 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_497/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "07c8da8fc135e18b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_976/0214_01/index.html", "start": 33772, "end": 33782, "quote": "§ 60.12(a)", "context": "local government may appeal to the Keeper the failure or refusal ... to nominate the property”. Id. § 60.12(a).\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4670fee411c21a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 771, "end": 786, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 686", "context": " for its damages. The parties thereafter consented to try the damage question before me pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 686(c).\nWe conducted a bench trial on April 14, 1997. Based on the evidence adduced at that trial, I co", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 686", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "950436ec0278a6bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 781, "end": 789, "quote": "§ 686(c)", "context": "amages. The parties thereafter consented to try the damage question before me pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 686(c).\nWe conducted a bench trial on April 14, 1997. Based on the evidence adduced at that trial, I concl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b42da45ceb5ea7ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 7591, "end": 7602, "quote": "47 F.3d 490", "context": " have occupied if the breaching party had performed. See, e.g., Indu Craft, Inc. v. Bank of Baroda, 47 F.3d 490, 495 (2d Cir.1995), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 117 S.Ct. 609, 136 L.Ed.2d 535 (1996). The application ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 F.3d 490", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_47/0490_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4885ecb38915beed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 7647, "end": 7660, "quote": "117 S.Ct. 609", "context": ", e.g., Indu Craft, Inc. v. Bank of Baroda, 47 F.3d 490, 495 (2d Cir.1995), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 117 S.Ct. 609, 136 L.Ed.2d 535 (1996). The application of that general test is fairly straightforward in this cas", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 609", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f4ee98ee59ea24c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 7662, "end": 7677, "quote": "136 L.Ed.2d 535", "context": "aft, Inc. v. Bank of Baroda, 47 F.3d 490, 495 (2d Cir.1995), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 117 S.Ct. 609, 136 L.Ed.2d 535 (1996). The application of that general test is fairly straightforward in this case.\nWith regard to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 L. Ed. 2d 535", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "110f4dba957550c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10762, "end": 10776, "quote": "47 F.3d at 496", "context": "hen it is the defendant’s breach that has made such imprecision unavoidable. See, e.g., Indu Craft, 47 F.3d at 496; Lamborn v. Dittmer, 873 F.2d 522, 532-33 (2d Cir.1989); Russell Pipe & Foundry Co., Inc. v. City o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "47 F.3d 490", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_47/0490_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83a5675e671c343b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10798, "end": 10810, "quote": "873 F.2d 522", "context": "t has made such imprecision unavoidable. See, e.g., Indu Craft, 47 F.3d at 496; Lamborn v. Dittmer, 873 F.2d 522, 532-33 (2d Cir.1989); Russell Pipe & Foundry Co., Inc. v. City of New York, 1997 WL 80601, at *15 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "873 F.2d 522", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_873/0522_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d0e890e212f30dcc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10888, "end": 10901, "quote": "1997 WL 80601", "context": " Dittmer, 873 F.2d 522, 532-33 (2d Cir.1989); Russell Pipe & Foundry Co., Inc. v. City of New York, 1997 WL 80601, at *15 (S.D.N.Y. Feb.25, 1997).\nIn this ease, it is undisputed that if Palomar had complied with t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1997 WL 80601", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9654d4b059418c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 12052, "end": 12055, "quote": "Id.", "context": "bstantial, thus permitting quicker sale of the 250,000 shares without disrupting the market price. (Id.).\nIf events had followed that course, the registration would have been effective by June 14, 1996, ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52689e6f93e7ce0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 13200, "end": 13212, "quote": "716 F.2d 136", "context": "mencing in or around that period. Defendant then cites Schultz v. Commodity Futures Trading Comm’n, 716 F.2d 136, 140-41 (2d Cir.1983), for the proposition that plaintiffs recoverable loss is the market value of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "716 F.2d 136", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_716/0136_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c4ef79e880d806e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14075, "end": 14087, "quote": "129 U.S. 193", "context": "nd Circuit noted, the benchmark standard was established by the Supreme Court in Galigher v. Jones, 129 U.S. 193, 9 S.Ct. 335, 32 L.Ed. 658 (1889), a case in which a stockbroker had failed to purchase shares of s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 U.S. 193", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "158635b18ee7e6bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14089, "end": 14100, "quote": "9 S.Ct. 335", "context": "ed, the benchmark standard was established by the Supreme Court in Galigher v. Jones, 129 U.S. 193, 9 S.Ct. 335, 32 L.Ed. 658 (1889), a case in which a stockbroker had failed to purchase shares of stock at his c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 S. Ct. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c7e7ed5c178ee89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14102, "end": 14114, "quote": "32 L.Ed. 658", "context": "mark standard was established by the Supreme Court in Galigher v. Jones, 129 U.S. 193, 9 S.Ct. 335, 32 L.Ed. 658 (1889), a case in which a stockbroker had failed to purchase shares of stock at his customer’s inst", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 L. Ed. 658", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b83531a9800d9c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14651, "end": 14661, "quote": "Id. at 200", "context": "ty injured to place himself in the position he would have been in had not his rights been violated.\nId. at 200, 9 S.Ct. at 337.\nGallagher departed from the traditional conversion rule, which is premised on the ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6f4ae7a6d82b033", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14663, "end": 14677, "quote": "9 S.Ct. at 337", "context": "o place himself in the position he would have been in had not his rights been violated.\nId. at 200, 9 S.Ct. at 337.\nGallagher departed from the traditional conversion rule, which is premised on the value of the cha", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "9 S. Ct. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd8c47a01a5367ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15032, "end": 15044, "quote": "716 F.2d at ", "context": "rsion, denied the owner the ability to wait for a favorable moment to sell the shares. See Schultz, 716 F.2d at 140 (quoting Gallagher, 129 U.S. at 200, 9 S.Ct. at 337).\nIn selecting an appropriate measure, howev", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "716 F.2d 136", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_716/0136_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aff10cc52c8cd0cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15068, "end": 15083, "quote": "129 U.S. at 200", "context": "to wait for a favorable moment to sell the shares. See Schultz, 716 F.2d at 140 (quoting Gallagher, 129 U.S. at 200, 9 S.Ct. at 337).\nIn selecting an appropriate measure, however, Gallagher rejected the so-called En", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "129 U.S. 193", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "642a63bf460b4fa2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15085, "end": 15099, "quote": "9 S.Ct. at 337", "context": "orable moment to sell the shares. See Schultz, 716 F.2d at 140 (quoting Gallagher, 129 U.S. at 200, 9 S.Ct. at 337).\nIn selecting an appropriate measure, however, Gallagher rejected the so-called English rule, whic", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "9 S. Ct. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09b6262b1863c139", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15310, "end": 15320, "quote": "Id. at 201", "context": " the plaintiff the highest value of the stock between the time of conversion and the time of trial. Id. at 201, 9 S.Ct. at 387-88. Instead, it opted for a middle-of-the-road measure, which awarded plaintiff “th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "805a859223a57105", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15322, "end": 15339, "quote": "9 S.Ct. at 387-88", "context": "ff the highest value of the stock between the time of conversion and the time of trial. Id. at 201, 9 S.Ct. at 387-88. Instead, it opted for a middle-of-the-road measure, which awarded plaintiff “the highest intermedi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "9 S. Ct. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "38b9af567b8758e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15598, "end": 15601, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nd a reasonable time after the owner has received notice of it to enable him to replace the stock.” Id.\nAs the Court in Schultz noted, the reference to replacement of the stock was not intended to signif", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "9 S. Ct. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76f34f95467e86dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15974, "end": 15977, "quote": "Id.", "context": "sonable period during which the highest intermediate value of the lost stock could be ascertained.” Id. The point was that, “[j]ust as it would be unjust to limit damages to the value of lost stock at th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "9 S. Ct. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9024720293994b4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 16341, "end": 16344, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nted to continue speculating in the market knew his shares were lost and could have replaced them.” Id. The Second Circuit also noted that, in applying this rule, we must bear in mind that “what constitu", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "9 S. Ct. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd4f275d18227803", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 16610, "end": 16613, "quote": "Id.", "context": " when reentry into the market would be both warranted and possible will vary from case to ease____” Id.\nThe Schultz court also noted a gloss that this Circuit has applied to this test to avoid an inappro", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "9 S. Ct. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f462da8a89cf8173", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 17226, "end": 17236, "quote": "Id. at 141", "context": "which the stock could have been replaced had that been desired, whichever of (1) or (2) is higher.” Id. at 141.\nThis standard does not support defendant’s attempt to limit plaintiffs damages in this case. First", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "efafa5919cfa9e81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 23060, "end": 23072, "quote": "716 F.2d at ", "context": "formed as required under the contract. That is all that Gallagher and Schultz require. See Schultz, 716 F.2d at 139-40 (quoting Gallagher, 129 U.S. at 200, 9 S.Ct. at 337).\nFurthermore, as noted, we conclude that", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "716 F.2d 136", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_716/0136_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ebedab0ebe37cba5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 23099, "end": 23114, "quote": "129 U.S. at 200", "context": "That is all that Gallagher and Schultz require. See Schultz, 716 F.2d at 139-40 (quoting Gallagher, 129 U.S. at 200, 9 S.Ct. at 337).\nFurthermore, as noted, we conclude that plaintiff did not in fact learn of the de", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "129 U.S. 193", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e353e694661e549", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 23116, "end": 23130, "quote": "9 S.Ct. at 337", "context": "Gallagher and Schultz require. See Schultz, 716 F.2d at 139-40 (quoting Gallagher, 129 U.S. at 200, 9 S.Ct. at 337).\nFurthermore, as noted, we conclude that plaintiff did not in fact learn of the defendant’s repudi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "9 S. Ct. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d839237199af055", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 26040, "end": 26055, "quote": "716 F.2d at 140", "context": ", a requirement that there be an actual repurchase could result in an increase in damages.\nSchultz, 716 F.2d at 140 (emphasis in original).\nWe recognize that this analysis is not directly applicable here since defen", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "716 F.2d 136", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_716/0136_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d8de216ed35be7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27181, "end": 27188, "quote": "§ 5001.", "context": "nt Interest\nPlaintiff is entitled to pre-judgment interest for defendant’s breach of contract. CPLR § 5001. The applicable rate is nine percent per year. CPLR § 5004.\nDefendant’s failure to pay the monthly $", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6d542203006e9232", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27240, "end": 27247, "quote": "§ 5004.", "context": "for defendant’s breach of contract. CPLR § 5001. The applicable rate is nine percent per year. CPLR § 5004.\nDefendant’s failure to pay the monthly $12,500 installments, each due on the first business day of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4103f2ece44b779f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28687, "end": 28698, "quote": "63 F.3d 160", "context": "y the prior decision in this respect. See, e.g., North River Ins. Co. v. Philadelphia Reins. Corp., 63 F.3d 160, 165 (2d Cir.1995), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 116 S.Ct. 1289, 134 L.Ed.2d 233 (1996); Time Products, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 F.3d 160", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_63/0160_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6bf3d104c75ccf76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28743, "end": 28757, "quote": "116 S.Ct. 1289", "context": "iver Ins. Co. v. Philadelphia Reins. Corp., 63 F.3d 160, 165 (2d Cir.1995), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 116 S.Ct. 1289, 134 L.Ed.2d 233 (1996); Time Products, plc v. J. Tiras Classic Handbags, Inc., 1997 WL 139525, at ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 S. Ct. 1289", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4fbb31a94d1c5834", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28759, "end": 28774, "quote": "134 L.Ed.2d 233", "context": " Philadelphia Reins. Corp., 63 F.3d 160, 165 (2d Cir.1995), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 116 S.Ct. 1289, 134 L.Ed.2d 233 (1996); Time Products, plc v. J. Tiras Classic Handbags, Inc., 1997 WL 139525, at *2 (S.D.N.Y. Mar.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 L. Ed. 2d 233", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6d5d456b1f5a134b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28838, "end": 28852, "quote": "1997 WL 139525", "context": ". —, 116 S.Ct. 1289, 134 L.Ed.2d 233 (1996); Time Products, plc v. J. Tiras Classic Handbags, Inc., 1997 WL 139525, at *2 (S.D.N.Y. Mar.26, 1997).\n. There is no evidence in the record to suggest that the sale of 25", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1997 WL 139525", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "faa90ef398acbd38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 30603, "end": 30614, "quote": "96 F.3d 586", "context": "ch a document was drafted and signed. See, e.g., International Minerals & Resources S.A. v. Lygren, 96 F.3d 586, 593 (2d Cir.1996); Kaplan v. Vincent, 937 F.Supp. 307, 312 (S.D.N.Y. 1996).\n. Plaintiff seeks a la", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 F.3d 586", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_96/0586_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "034db8143a69237b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 30654, "end": 30669, "quote": "937 F.Supp. 307", "context": "ternational Minerals & Resources S.A. v. Lygren, 96 F.3d 586, 593 (2d Cir.1996); Kaplan v. Vincent, 937 F.Supp. 307, 312 (S.D.N.Y. 1996).\n. Plaintiff seeks a larger recovery by assuming that it would have sold at th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "937 F. Supp. 307", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_937/0307_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa3d1a141e7f2c20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 31387, "end": 31402, "quote": "129 U.S. at 200", "context": " plaintiff \"in the position [it] would have been in had not [its] rights been violated.” Gallagher, 129 U.S. at 200, 9 S.Ct. at 337.\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "129 U.S. 193", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2248f23deb90a701", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f-supp/volume_982/0205_01/index.html", "start": 31404, "end": 31418, "quote": "9 S.Ct. at 337", "context": "e position [it] would have been in had not [its] rights been violated.” Gallagher, 129 U.S. at 200, 9 S.Ct. at 337.\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "9 S. Ct. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d45628c18ffadba4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 310, "end": 323, "quote": "Sections 8(1)", "context": "as the company.\nThe Board found the company guilty of three unfair labor practices, in violation of Sections 8(1), 8(3) and 8(5) of the National Labor Relations Act, hereinafter referred to as the Act. (49 Stat. 4", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb781a0dc139e671", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 403, "end": 410, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ion of Sections 8(1), 8(3) and 8(5) of the National Labor Relations Act, hereinafter referred to as the Act. (49 Stat. 449, 29 U.S.C.A. § 158.) The Board ordered the company to cease and desist from interfer", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4e2173178446419", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 413, "end": 425, "quote": "49 Stat. 449", "context": "tions 8(1), 8(3) and 8(5) of the National Labor Relations Act, hereinafter referred to as the Act. (49 Stat. 449, 29 U.S.C.A. § 158.) The Board ordered the company to cease and desist from interfering with, restr", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "49 Stat. 449", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa2180706b71958d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 427, "end": 444, "quote": "29 U.S.C.A. § 158", "context": "3) and 8(5) of the National Labor Relations Act, hereinafter referred to as the Act. (49 Stat. 449, 29 U.S.C.A. § 158.) The Board ordered the company to cease and desist from interfering with, restraining and coercing", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 158", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8161af1fa93c62eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 439, "end": 445, "quote": "§ 158.", "context": "of the National Labor Relations Act, hereinafter referred to as the Act. (49 Stat. 449, 29 U.S.C.A. § 158.) The Board ordered the company to cease and desist from interfering with, restraining and coercing ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74ed9e70862d3d77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 625, "end": 634, "quote": "Section 7", "context": "aining and coercing its employees in the exercise of their right of self-organization guaranteed by Section 7 of the Act; to cease and desist from discouraging membership in the union (Chrome Furniture, Handle", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "661d3715c5bbd236", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 638, "end": 645, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ercing its employees in the exercise of their right of self-organization guaranteed by Section 7 of the Act; to cease and desist from discouraging membership in the union (Chrome Furniture, Handlers and Misc", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3a38049e264f955", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 1295, "end": 1307, "quote": "Section 8(1)", "context": " unfair labor practices of interfering with, restraining and coercing its employees in violation of Section 8(1) of the Act, and discrimination in the hire and tenure of employment of Albert Labiak in violation o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b57b033d2aafe271", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 1311, "end": 1318, "quote": "the Act", "context": "actices of interfering with, restraining and coercing its employees in violation of Section 8(1) of the Act, and discrimination in the hire and tenure of employment of Albert Labiak in violation of Section 8", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81410275c65f44af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 1409, "end": 1421, "quote": "Section 8(3)", "context": "f the Act, and discrimination in the hire and tenure of employment of Albert Labiak in violation of Section 8(3) of the Act, the company neither in its brief nor in the oral argument challenged these findings or ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6490d94bf14ce966", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 1425, "end": 1432, "quote": "the Act", "context": "iscrimination in the hire and tenure of employment of Albert Labiak in violation of Section 8(3) of the Act, the company neither in its brief nor in the oral argument challenged these findings or the order o", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db3a6994df05b2bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 1977, "end": 1984, "quote": "§ 1344.", "context": "s remain undisputed and unchallenged by the company. See 4 Corpus Juris Secundum, Appeal and Error, § 1344.\nSuffice it to say, we have examined the record and find there is substantial evidence to support th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1398b06867399664", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 2170, "end": 2183, "quote": "Sections 8(1)", "context": " to support the Board’s order that the company was guilty of unfair labor practices in violation of Sections 8(1) and 8(3) of the Act. It would serve no useful purpose to encumber the record with an analysis of th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "baabc19207466369", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 2196, "end": 2203, "quote": "the Act", "context": "der that the company was guilty of unfair labor practices in violation of Sections 8(1) and 8(3) of the Act. It would serve no useful purpose to encumber the record with an analysis of the evidence in suppor", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ff53fea2eca18db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 2451, "end": 2463, "quote": "Section 8(5)", "context": "challenged by the company.\nThe company does make a challenge of the Board’s finding of violation of Section 8(5) of the Act, by attacking the validity of the proceeding before the Board in a Section 9(c)' proceed", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee12173dff91651c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 2467, "end": 2474, "quote": "the Act", "context": "e company.\nThe company does make a challenge of the Board’s finding of violation of Section 8(5) of the Act, by attacking the validity of the proceeding before the Board in a Section 9(c)' proceeding, in whi", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1dd5d3e13bc55872", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 2542, "end": 2554, "quote": "Section 9(c)", "context": "ation of Section 8(5) of the Act, by attacking the validity of the proceeding before the Board in a Section 9(c)' proceeding, in which the Board conducted a hearing, ■ an investigation and an election to determin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df5a2a2ae24ad5a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 3323, "end": 3335, "quote": "Section 8(5)", "context": " the bargaining agent that the Board found the company had refused to bargain with, in violation of Section 8(5) “of the Act, the record of the Section 9(c) proceedings was certified to this court as required by ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5eff6eaca7c6d967", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 3340, "end": 3347, "quote": "the Act", "context": "gent that the Board found the company had refused to bargain with, in violation of Section 8(5) “of the Act, the record of the Section 9(c) proceedings was certified to this court as required by Section 9(d)", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee98c56d44305cb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 3367, "end": 3379, "quote": "Section 9(c)", "context": "he company had refused to bargain with, in violation of Section 8(5) “of the Act, the record of the Section 9(c) proceedings was certified to this court as required by Section 9(d) of the Act.\nAlthough it is admi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5214f946e6451e32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 3435, "end": 3447, "quote": "Section 9(d)", "context": " “of the Act, the record of the Section 9(c) proceedings was certified to this court as required by Section 9(d) of the Act.\nAlthough it is admitted that the Board certified the union as the bargaining agent for ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7aa2f236a22f0638", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 3451, "end": 3458, "quote": "the Act", "context": "e record of the Section 9(c) proceedings was certified to this court as required by Section 9(d) of the Act.\nAlthough it is admitted that the Board certified the union as the bargaining agent for the company", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0fca837fb9d6e243", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 3579, "end": 3591, "quote": "Section 9(c)", "context": "tted that the Board certified the union as the bargaining agent for the company’s employees after a Section 9(c) proceeding, the company has refused to recognize the union or to bargain with it. The company state", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8d834b91f3c42d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 3791, "end": 3798, "quote": "the Act", "context": "s its refusal to bargain with the union is because there can be no question of representation under the Act or the Constitution since, it is asserted,, the union did not represent the employees, and only 83 ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91e8b45265d9f7ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 4043, "end": 4055, "quote": "Section 9(c)", "context": " election held' by the Board. ’\nThe investigation and election authorized in; the aid thereof under Section 9(c) of the Act are administrative proceedings. They are not adversary proceedings, and, as counsel for ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e214bc635a712d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 4059, "end": 4066, "quote": "the Act", "context": "by the Board. ’\nThe investigation and election authorized in; the aid thereof under Section 9(c) of the Act are administrative proceedings. They are not adversary proceedings, and, as counsel for the company", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60f138259dcc2653", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 5228, "end": 5240, "quote": "111 F.2d 474", "context": "ourt of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit said in National Labor Relations Board v. Whittier Mills Co., 111 F.2d 474-478: “The employer is, in theory at least, not much concerned, since the employees are to choose th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 F.2d 474", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_111/0474_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "140f41f4df602c19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 6741, "end": 6753, "quote": "Section 9(c)", "context": "Senate Committee on Education and Labor that reported the bill for passage said with reference to a Section 9(c) proceeding (Senate Report No. 573, 74th Congress, 1st Session) : “An election is the mere determina", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74beff46a0c723bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 7132, "end": 7144, "quote": "Section 9(c)", "context": "cord reveals in order that we may determine whether the Board followed the proceedings laid down in Section 9(c), and whether there was substantial evidence to support its action. We look to the record. There we ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9aa7b1e1ba4c4419", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 7566, "end": 7578, "quote": "Section 9(c)", "context": "ation of Labor, filed with the Board a petition for an investigation and certification, pursuant to Section 9(c) of the Act. Prior thereto, Local 21107 had applied to the Upholsterers’ International for affiliati", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "35282491ea7632fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 7582, "end": 7589, "quote": "the Act", "context": "filed with the Board a petition for an investigation and certification, pursuant to Section 9(c) of the Act. Prior thereto, Local 21107 had applied to the Upholsterers’ International for affiliation with it.", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d82ad3bddbdce2e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 8095, "end": 8107, "quote": "Section 9(c)", "context": "l 29', 1940, the union filed a petition with the Board for an investigation and certification under Section 9(c) of the Act. On May 15, 1940 the Regional Director issued notices of a hearing and served the notice", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf49ab34787aea14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 8111, "end": 8118, "quote": "the Act", "context": " union filed a petition with the Board for an investigation and certification under Section 9(c) of the Act. On May 15, 1940 the Regional Director issued notices of a hearing and served the notices on the co", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6233ddc2ec4aaa1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 11576, "end": 11583, "quote": "the Act", "context": "buse of discretion and an unauthorized act.\nThe company is a flagrant violator of the provisions of the Act. Its prejudicial conduct was so apparent that it never attempted in its brief or on oral argument t", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f00fe49a731a0a10", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 12596, "end": 12608, "quote": "114 F.2d 144", "context": "ompany responsible for in New York Handkerchief Mfg. Co. v. National Labor Relations Board, 7 Cir., 114 F.2d 144-149: “In the instant case, as found by the Board, petitioner, by its unlawful conduct, interfered w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 F.2d 144", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_114/0144_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f21c26b3585a12bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 13164, "end": 13171, "quote": "the Act", "context": "um upon the unlawful conduct of an employer and enable it to frustrate one of the major purposes of the Act — that is, the determination of a proper bargaining agent.”\nThe election was properly ordered after", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01d59f2446734473", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 13978, "end": 13990, "quote": "Section 9(c)", "context": ", noncooperative and guilty of unfair labor practices, as the company was' in the instant case.\nThe Section 9(c) proceedings held by the Board were fairly conducted in accordance with the statute, and the conclus", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f08797d71a23d90f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 14311, "end": 14323, "quote": "Section 8(5)", "context": "refused to bargain with it, there is no question but what the company is guilty of the violation of Section 8(5) of the Act, as found by the Board.\nThe company made a motion to dismiss the petition on the ground ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0ea3d943c4ea33f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 14327, "end": 14334, "quote": "the Act", "context": "in with it, there is no question but what the company is guilty of the violation of Section 8(5) of the Act, as found by the Board.\nThe company made a motion to dismiss the petition on the ground that the qu", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd592c3bf378de69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 16665, "end": 16685, "quote": "29 U.S.C.A. § 159(c)", "context": "r striking out the words “successors and assigns” to conform to the pri- or holdings of this court.\n29 U.S.C.A. § 159(c).\nSection 9(d) of the Act provides: “Whenever an order of the Board made pursuant to section 10(c) [", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50dca9cd06f1dc1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 16687, "end": 16699, "quote": "Section 9(d)", "context": "ds “successors and assigns” to conform to the pri- or holdings of this court.\n29 U.S.C.A. § 159(c).\nSection 9(d) of the Act provides: “Whenever an order of the Board made pursuant to section 10(c) [section 160(c)", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f47f234364537e12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 16703, "end": 16710, "quote": "the Act", "context": "nd assigns” to conform to the pri- or holdings of this court.\n29 U.S.C.A. § 159(c).\nSection 9(d) of the Act provides: “Whenever an order of the Board made pursuant to section 10(c) [section 160(c) of this ti", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "165657a7e5069079", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 16770, "end": 16783, "quote": "section 10(c)", "context": "S.C.A. § 159(c).\nSection 9(d) of the Act provides: “Whenever an order of the Board made pursuant to section 10(c) [section 160(c) of this title] is based in whole or in part upon facts certified following an inves", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "41944cd9b202429e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 16785, "end": 16799, "quote": "section 160(c)", "context": ".\nSection 9(d) of the Act provides: “Whenever an order of the Board made pursuant to section 10(c) [section 160(c) of this title] is based in whole or in part upon facts certified following an investigation pursuan", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b20bf404b4f9ee08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 17515, "end": 17527, "quote": "114 F.2d 144", "context": "rth in such -transcript.”\nNew York Handkerchief Mfg. Co. v. National Labor Relations Board, 7 Cir., 114 F.2d 144-149; In re Todd, 208 Ind. 168, 189, 193 N.E. 865.\n“No objection that has not been urged before the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 F.2d 144", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_114/0144_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b1ad1815d6f5eb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 17545, "end": 17557, "quote": "208 Ind. 168", "context": "York Handkerchief Mfg. Co. v. National Labor Relations Board, 7 Cir., 114 F.2d 144-149; In re Todd, 208 Ind. 168, 189, 193 N.E. 865.\n“No objection that has not been urged before the Board, its member, agent, or a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "208 Ind. 168", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f89a58b177bb77e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_134/0424_01/index.html", "start": 17564, "end": 17576, "quote": "193 N.E. 865", "context": "fg. Co. v. National Labor Relations Board, 7 Cir., 114 F.2d 144-149; In re Todd, 208 Ind. 168, 189, 193 N.E. 865.\n“No objection that has not been urged before the Board, its member, agent, or agency, shall be con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "193 N.E. 865", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bcb7d9affb78a362", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 2190, "end": 2201, "quote": "Section 190", "context": "f Osage County, Okl., on December 6, 1921. The purpose of the. pleader was to bring the case within Section 190, Comp. Stat. Okl. 1921, which reads:\n“If any action be commenced within due time, and a judgment th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f1f97d265001067", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 2976, "end": 2987, "quote": "Section 190", "context": " of action stated in the complaint accrued, and the inquiry is whether it was saved from the bar by Section 190 on the facts stated and proved. It is the intention of the section that the parties in the two acti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c54f9458d165bbc5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3343, "end": 3355, "quote": "100 Ala. 311", "context": "ould, we think, be the same. 19 Amer. & Eng. Encyc. Law (2d Ed.) 265; Bynum v. Memphis C. & R. Co., 100 Ala. 311, 13 So. 910; Gray v. Trapnall, 23 Ark. 510; Doyle v. Wade, 23 Fla. 90, 1 So. 516, 11 Am. St. Rep. 3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 Ala. 311", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eceefdc50f34b90d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3357, "end": 3367, "quote": "13 So. 910", "context": ", be the same. 19 Amer. & Eng. Encyc. Law (2d Ed.) 265; Bynum v. Memphis C. & R. Co., 100 Ala. 311, 13 So. 910; Gray v. Trapnall, 23 Ark. 510; Doyle v. Wade, 23 Fla. 90, 1 So. 516, 11 Am. St. Rep. 334; Smith v.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 So. 910", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae89d80f077ee3eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3387, "end": 3398, "quote": "23 Ark. 510", "context": " Encyc. Law (2d Ed.) 265; Bynum v. Memphis C. & R. Co., 100 Ala. 311, 13 So. 910; Gray v. Trapnall, 23 Ark. 510; Doyle v. Wade, 23 Fla. 90, 1 So. 516, 11 Am. St. Rep. 334; Smith v. Bourbon County, 42 Kan. 264, 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 Ark. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74dde8247976bc79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3415, "end": 3425, "quote": "23 Fla. 90", "context": "num v. Memphis C. & R. Co., 100 Ala. 311, 13 So. 910; Gray v. Trapnall, 23 Ark. 510; Doyle v. Wade, 23 Fla. 90, 1 So. 516, 11 Am. St. Rep. 334; Smith v. Bourbon County, 42 Kan. 264, 21 P. 1109; Hughes v. Brown,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 Fla. 90", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_23/0090_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "507343ad66775852", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3427, "end": 3436, "quote": "1 So. 516", "context": "is C. & R. Co., 100 Ala. 311, 13 So. 910; Gray v. Trapnall, 23 Ark. 510; Doyle v. Wade, 23 Fla. 90, 1 So. 516, 11 Am. St. Rep. 334; Smith v. Bourbon County, 42 Kan. 264, 21 P. 1109; Hughes v. Brown, 88 Tenn. 5", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1 So. 516", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87982b698085ee0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3438, "end": 3457, "quote": "11 Am. St. Rep. 334", "context": "Co., 100 Ala. 311, 13 So. 910; Gray v. Trapnall, 23 Ark. 510; Doyle v. Wade, 23 Fla. 90, 1 So. 516, 11 Am. St. Rep. 334; Smith v. Bourbon County, 42 Kan. 264, 21 P. 1109; Hughes v. Brown, 88 Tenn. 584, 13 S. W. 286, 8 L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 Am. St. Rep. 334", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73b7ffe401cd13af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3484, "end": 3495, "quote": "42 Kan. 264", "context": "l, 23 Ark. 510; Doyle v. Wade, 23 Fla. 90, 1 So. 516, 11 Am. St. Rep. 334; Smith v. Bourbon County, 42 Kan. 264, 21 P. 1109; Hughes v. Brown, 88 Tenn. 584, 13 S. W. 286, 8 L. R. A. 480; Sidener v. Galbraith, 63 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 Kan. 264", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd759044e2e935b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3497, "end": 3507, "quote": "21 P. 1109", "context": "0; Doyle v. Wade, 23 Fla. 90, 1 So. 516, 11 Am. St. Rep. 334; Smith v. Bourbon County, 42 Kan. 264, 21 P. 1109; Hughes v. Brown, 88 Tenn. 584, 13 S. W. 286, 8 L. R. A. 480; Sidener v. Galbraith, 63 Ind. 89; Mos", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 P. 1109", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6622e4c8ae39a38b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3526, "end": 3538, "quote": "88 Tenn. 584", "context": " 1 So. 516, 11 Am. St. Rep. 334; Smith v. Bourbon County, 42 Kan. 264, 21 P. 1109; Hughes v. Brown, 88 Tenn. 584, 13 S. W. 286, 8 L. R. A. 480; Sidener v. Galbraith, 63 Ind. 89; Moss v. Keesler, 60 Ga. 44; Ross v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Tenn. 584", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1aa97a608110516b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3540, "end": 3552, "quote": "13 S. W. 286", "context": " Am. St. Rep. 334; Smith v. Bourbon County, 42 Kan. 264, 21 P. 1109; Hughes v. Brown, 88 Tenn. 584, 13 S. W. 286, 8 L. R. A. 480; Sidener v. Galbraith, 63 Ind. 89; Moss v. Keesler, 60 Ga. 44; Ross v. Sims, 27 Mis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 S.W. 286", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "165c2baee30fc98f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3592, "end": 3602, "quote": "63 Ind. 89", "context": "264, 21 P. 1109; Hughes v. Brown, 88 Tenn. 584, 13 S. W. 286, 8 L. R. A. 480; Sidener v. Galbraith, 63 Ind. 89; Moss v. Keesler, 60 Ga. 44; Ross v. Sims, 27 Miss. 359; Meddis v. Wilson, 175 Mo. 126, 74 S. W. 98", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 Ind. 89", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae9716748af05253", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3621, "end": 3630, "quote": "60 Ga. 44", "context": "own, 88 Tenn. 584, 13 S. W. 286, 8 L. R. A. 480; Sidener v. Galbraith, 63 Ind. 89; Moss v. Keesler, 60 Ga. 44; Ross v. Sims, 27 Miss. 359; Meddis v. Wilson, 175 Mo. 126, 74 S. W. 984; Tiffin v. Leabo, 52 Mo. 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 Ga. 44", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c67d1dbf2dae5de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3646, "end": 3658, "quote": "27 Miss. 359", "context": "W. 286, 8 L. R. A. 480; Sidener v. Galbraith, 63 Ind. 89; Moss v. Keesler, 60 Ga. 44; Ross v. Sims, 27 Miss. 359; Meddis v. Wilson, 175 Mo. 126, 74 S. W. 984; Tiffin v. Leabo, 52 Mo. 49; Crow v. State, 23 Ark. 68", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 Miss. 359", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "57e4fd7ee831ff85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3678, "end": 3689, "quote": "175 Mo. 126", "context": "v. Galbraith, 63 Ind. 89; Moss v. Keesler, 60 Ga. 44; Ross v. Sims, 27 Miss. 359; Meddis v. Wilson, 175 Mo. 126, 74 S. W. 984; Tiffin v. Leabo, 52 Mo. 49; Crow v. State, 23 Ark. 684; H. B. Claflin v. Banking Co.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "175 Mo. 126", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4209866d739efd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3691, "end": 3703, "quote": "74 S. W. 984", "context": " 63 Ind. 89; Moss v. Keesler, 60 Ga. 44; Ross v. Sims, 27 Miss. 359; Meddis v. Wilson, 175 Mo. 126, 74 S. W. 984; Tiffin v. Leabo, 52 Mo. 49; Crow v. State, 23 Ark. 684; H. B. Claflin v. Banking Co. (C. C.) 113 F", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 S.W. 984", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "149b6a32bc8316fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3722, "end": 3731, "quote": "52 Mo. 49", "context": "0 Ga. 44; Ross v. Sims, 27 Miss. 359; Meddis v. Wilson, 175 Mo. 126, 74 S. W. 984; Tiffin v. Leabo, 52 Mo. 49; Crow v. State, 23 Ark. 684; H. B. Claflin v. Banking Co. (C. C.) 113 F. 958; Brown v. Erie R. Co.,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 Mo. 49", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e9a1233e31cc1241", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3748, "end": 3759, "quote": "23 Ark. 684", "context": " Miss. 359; Meddis v. Wilson, 175 Mo. 126, 74 S. W. 984; Tiffin v. Leabo, 52 Mo. 49; Crow v. State, 23 Ark. 684; H. B. Claflin v. Banking Co. (C. C.) 113 F. 958; Brown v. Erie R. Co., 176 F. 544-547, 100 C. C. A", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 Ark. 684", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4956a132c45a0d60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3798, "end": 3808, "quote": "113 F. 958", "context": ". 984; Tiffin v. Leabo, 52 Mo. 49; Crow v. State, 23 Ark. 684; H. B. Claflin v. Banking Co. (C. C.) 113 F. 958; Brown v. Erie R. Co., 176 F. 544-547, 100 C. C. A. 132; Whalen v. Gordon, 95 F. 305, 37 C. C. A. 7", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 F. 958", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c43205ed3e7acab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3832, "end": 3842, "quote": "176 F. 544", "context": " Crow v. State, 23 Ark. 684; H. B. Claflin v. Banking Co. (C. C.) 113 F. 958; Brown v. Erie R. Co., 176 F. 544-547, 100 C. C. A. 132; Whalen v. Gordon, 95 F. 305, 37 C. C. A. 70. In the first action brought aga", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 F. 544", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c0a50ca3af6d49c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3848, "end": 3864, "quote": "100 C. C. A. 132", "context": "23 Ark. 684; H. B. Claflin v. Banking Co. (C. C.) 113 F. 958; Brown v. Erie R. Co., 176 F. 544-547, 100 C. C. A. 132; Whalen v. Gordon, 95 F. 305, 37 C. C. A. 70. In the first action brought against defendant on July", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 C.C.A. 132", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b482900134149d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3884, "end": 3893, "quote": "95 F. 305", "context": "g Co. (C. C.) 113 F. 958; Brown v. Erie R. Co., 176 F. 544-547, 100 C. C. A. 132; Whalen v. Gordon, 95 F. 305, 37 C. C. A. 70. In the first action brought against defendant on July 21, 1919, in the name of Bal", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 F. 305", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f5325088cc23b897", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 3895, "end": 3909, "quote": "37 C. C. A. 70", "context": ".) 113 F. 958; Brown v. Erie R. Co., 176 F. 544-547, 100 C. C. A. 132; Whalen v. Gordon, 95 F. 305, 37 C. C. A. 70. In the first action brought against defendant on July 21, 1919, in the name of Ball only, he alleg", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "37 C.C.A. 70", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa82845c316f2777", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_2/0034_01/index.html", "start": 7366, "end": 7377, "quote": "Section 190", "context": "leaded and proved wholly failed, in our judgment, to bring the plaintiff’s case within the terms of Section 190, ■ tMs action was barred when it was brought, and the court erred in holding that it was not. Other", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "717dd78d5125766c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 1944, "end": 1957, "quote": "199 U. S. 260", "context": "be held responsible on the bond, unless tho treasurer is liable also. Cochran v. Montgomery County, 199 U. S. 260, 26 S. Ct. 58, 50 L. Ed. 182.\nThere is here but a single controversy, and tlia-t is the recovery of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "199 U.S. 260", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0050582e3e69b806", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 1959, "end": 1971, "quote": "26 S. Ct. 58", "context": "ible on the bond, unless tho treasurer is liable also. Cochran v. Montgomery County, 199 U. S. 260, 26 S. Ct. 58, 50 L. Ed. 182.\nThere is here but a single controversy, and tlia-t is the recovery of city funds, w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 S. Ct. 58", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3a5e6a32a698064b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 1973, "end": 1986, "quote": "50 L. Ed. 182", "context": "nd, unless tho treasurer is liable also. Cochran v. Montgomery County, 199 U. S. 260, 26 S. Ct. 58, 50 L. Ed. 182.\nThere is here but a single controversy, and tlia-t is the recovery of city funds, which both tho t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 L. Ed. 182", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "38e0a59912e73dc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 2855, "end": 2868, "quote": "104 U. S. 408", "context": "has a right, under the ferns of the bond, to treat it and sue on it as a joint bond. Hyde v. Ruble, 104 U. S. 408, 26 L. Ed. 823, and Guarantee Co. of North America v. Mechanics’ Sav. Bank & Trust Co. (C. C. A.) 8", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 U.S. 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c2408c63a93fa726", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 2870, "end": 2883, "quote": "26 L. Ed. 823", "context": "der the ferns of the bond, to treat it and sue on it as a joint bond. Hyde v. Ruble, 104 U. S. 408, 26 L. Ed. 823, and Guarantee Co. of North America v. Mechanics’ Sav. Bank & Trust Co. (C. C. A.) 80 F. 766. In th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 L. Ed. 823", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f78abbc91811ec1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 2967, "end": 2976, "quote": "80 F. 766", "context": "8, 26 L. Ed. 823, and Guarantee Co. of North America v. Mechanics’ Sav. Bank & Trust Co. (C. C. A.) 80 F. 766. In the ease of Mutual Reserve Fund Life Ass’n et al. v. Farmer (C. C. A.) 77 F. 929, the rule is t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 F. 766", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eaff48915567a6f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 3052, "end": 3061, "quote": "77 F. 929", "context": "Co. (C. C. A.) 80 F. 766. In the ease of Mutual Reserve Fund Life Ass’n et al. v. Farmer (C. C. A.) 77 F. 929, the rule is thus stated: “In an action against a principal and his surety on a bond, note, or othe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 F. 929", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7602443d89405e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 3766, "end": 3779, "quote": "103 U. S. 205", "context": "re causes of action, one of which is wholly between citizens of different states. Barney v. Latham, 103 U. S. 205, 26 L. Ed. 514; Pirie v. Tvedt, 115 U. S. 41, 5 S. Ct. 1034, 1161, 29 L. Ed. 331; Ayres v. Wiswall,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 U.S. 205", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "519c0b0e36fd8d1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 3781, "end": 3794, "quote": "26 L. Ed. 514", "context": "tion, one of which is wholly between citizens of different states. Barney v. Latham, 103 U. S. 205, 26 L. Ed. 514; Pirie v. Tvedt, 115 U. S. 41, 5 S. Ct. 1034, 1161, 29 L. Ed. 331; Ayres v. Wiswall, 112 U. S. 187,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 L. Ed. 514", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a8a62ea2279e0a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 3812, "end": 3824, "quote": "115 U. S. 41", "context": "tween citizens of different states. Barney v. Latham, 103 U. S. 205, 26 L. Ed. 514; Pirie v. Tvedt, 115 U. S. 41, 5 S. Ct. 1034, 1161, 29 L. Ed. 331; Ayres v. Wiswall, 112 U. S. 187, 5 S. Ct. 90, 28 L. Ed. 693. T", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 U.S. 41", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "470a142291464e98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 3826, "end": 3839, "quote": "5 S. Ct. 1034", "context": " of different states. Barney v. Latham, 103 U. S. 205, 26 L. Ed. 514; Pirie v. Tvedt, 115 U. S. 41, 5 S. Ct. 1034, 1161, 29 L. Ed. 331; Ayres v. Wiswall, 112 U. S. 187, 5 S. Ct. 90, 28 L. Ed. 693. The plaintiff ha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 S. Ct. 1034", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7b6325d9cf5f7b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 3847, "end": 3860, "quote": "29 L. Ed. 331", "context": " Barney v. Latham, 103 U. S. 205, 26 L. Ed. 514; Pirie v. Tvedt, 115 U. S. 41, 5 S. Ct. 1034, 1161, 29 L. Ed. 331; Ayres v. Wiswall, 112 U. S. 187, 5 S. Ct. 90, 28 L. Ed. 693. The plaintiff has elected to bring a ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 L. Ed. 331", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da4399d8dcd3ea11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 3880, "end": 3893, "quote": "112 U. S. 187", "context": " 26 L. Ed. 514; Pirie v. Tvedt, 115 U. S. 41, 5 S. Ct. 1034, 1161, 29 L. Ed. 331; Ayres v. Wiswall, 112 U. S. 187, 5 S. Ct. 90, 28 L. Ed. 693. The plaintiff has elected to bring a joint action, which it had a righ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 U.S. 187", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22297d5c19fbd9ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 3895, "end": 3906, "quote": "5 S. Ct. 90", "context": " Pirie v. Tvedt, 115 U. S. 41, 5 S. Ct. 1034, 1161, 29 L. Ed. 331; Ayres v. Wiswall, 112 U. S. 187, 5 S. Ct. 90, 28 L. Ed. 693. The plaintiff has elected to bring a joint action, which it had a right to do, upon", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 S. Ct. 90", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3866cef765b09d76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 3908, "end": 3921, "quote": "28 L. Ed. 693", "context": "dt, 115 U. S. 41, 5 S. Ct. 1034, 1161, 29 L. Ed. 331; Ayres v. Wiswall, 112 U. S. 187, 5 S. Ct. 90, 28 L. Ed. 693. The plaintiff has elected to bring a joint action, which it had a right to do, upon the bond, prov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 L. Ed. 693", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca8cecf7fb2f00cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 4259, "end": 4272, "quote": "144 U. S. 527", "context": "ay that the action shall be several, when the plaintiff elects to make it joint. Torrence v. Shedd, 144 U. S. 527, 12 S. Ct. 726, 36 L. Ed. 528; Chesapeake & Ohio R. Co. v. Dixon, 179 U. S. 131, 21 S. Ct. 67, 45 L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "144 U.S. 527", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5928cf1b2fe2316", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 4274, "end": 4287, "quote": "12 S. Ct. 726", "context": "ion shall be several, when the plaintiff elects to make it joint. Torrence v. Shedd, 144 U. S. 527, 12 S. Ct. 726, 36 L. Ed. 528; Chesapeake & Ohio R. Co. v. Dixon, 179 U. S. 131, 21 S. Ct. 67, 45 L. Ed. 121; Germ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 S. Ct. 726", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "562dfcbfa0dc9fc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 4289, "end": 4302, "quote": "36 L. Ed. 528", "context": "veral, when the plaintiff elects to make it joint. Torrence v. Shedd, 144 U. S. 527, 12 S. Ct. 726, 36 L. Ed. 528; Chesapeake & Ohio R. Co. v. Dixon, 179 U. S. 131, 21 S. Ct. 67, 45 L. Ed. 121; German-American Mer", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 L. Ed. 528", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a2afd345eab18dcc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 4339, "end": 4352, "quote": "179 U. S. 131", "context": " Torrence v. Shedd, 144 U. S. 527, 12 S. Ct. 726, 36 L. Ed. 528; Chesapeake & Ohio R. Co. v. Dixon, 179 U. S. 131, 21 S. Ct. 67, 45 L. Ed. 121; German-American Merc. Bank v. Gas Service Corp. of America et al. (D.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "179 U.S. 131", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a80ebb07a856a77d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 4354, "end": 4366, "quote": "21 S. Ct. 67", "context": "edd, 144 U. S. 527, 12 S. Ct. 726, 36 L. Ed. 528; Chesapeake & Ohio R. Co. v. Dixon, 179 U. S. 131, 21 S. Ct. 67, 45 L. Ed. 121; German-American Merc. Bank v. Gas Service Corp. of America et al. (D. C.) 228 F. 82", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 S. Ct. 67", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b76955115c88d0bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 4368, "end": 4381, "quote": "45 L. Ed. 121", "context": " 527, 12 S. Ct. 726, 36 L. Ed. 528; Chesapeake & Ohio R. Co. v. Dixon, 179 U. S. 131, 21 S. Ct. 67, 45 L. Ed. 121; German-American Merc. Bank v. Gas Service Corp. of America et al. (D. C.) 228 F. 827.\nThere being ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 L. Ed. 121", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b57c5255ccdb9f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_22/0306_01/index.html", "start": 4457, "end": 4467, "quote": "228 F. 827", "context": "S. Ct. 67, 45 L. Ed. 121; German-American Merc. Bank v. Gas Service Corp. of America et al. (D. C.) 228 F. 827.\nThere being no separable controversy existing here, and the plaintiff and the defendant Mason bein", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "228 F. 827", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20b6f6df120f91b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3031, "end": 3043, "quote": "14 Wall. 511", "context": "o patentability, but that it shows merely the work of an ordinary designer, citing Gorham v. White, 14 Wall. 511, 20 L. Ed. 731; Bolte & Weyer Co. v. Knight Light Co. (C. C. A.) 180 F. 412.\nThe courts have invari", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 Wall. 511", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "497dc40e449b0da4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3045, "end": 3058, "quote": "20 L. Ed. 731", "context": "y, but that it shows merely the work of an ordinary designer, citing Gorham v. White, 14 Wall. 511, 20 L. Ed. 731; Bolte & Weyer Co. v. Knight Light Co. (C. C. A.) 180 F. 412.\nThe courts have invariably held that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 731", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f1fbcfcf768604f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3109, "end": 3119, "quote": "180 F. 412", "context": "ting Gorham v. White, 14 Wall. 511, 20 L. Ed. 731; Bolte & Weyer Co. v. Knight Light Co. (C. C. A.) 180 F. 412.\nThe courts have invariably held that a design patent appeals solely to the eye, The appearance is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "180 F. 412", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca45430d40974a4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3745, "end": 3757, "quote": "14 Wall. 511", "context": " or not the design imparts a pleasing impression to the eye of ordinary observers. Gorham v. White, 14 Wall. 511, 20 L. Ed. 731, supra; Boyle v. Rousso (C. C. A.) 16 F.(2d) 666; Whiting Manufacturing Co. v. Alvin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 Wall. 511", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "739693501f98f180", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3759, "end": 3772, "quote": "20 L. Ed. 731", "context": "sign imparts a pleasing impression to the eye of ordinary observers. Gorham v. White, 14 Wall. 511, 20 L. Ed. 731, supra; Boyle v. Rousso (C. C. A.) 16 F.(2d) 666; Whiting Manufacturing Co. v. Alvin Silver Co. (C.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 731", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d15a8c181a059174", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3774, "end": 3780, "quote": "supra;", "context": "pleasing impression to the eye of ordinary observers. Gorham v. White, 14 Wall. 511, 20 L. Ed. 731, supra; Boyle v. Rousso (C. C. A.) 16 F.(2d) 666; Whiting Manufacturing Co. v. Alvin Silver Co. (C. C. A.) ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43b44881aa781e26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3808, "end": 3821, "quote": "16 F.(2d) 666", "context": "ordinary observers. Gorham v. White, 14 Wall. 511, 20 L. Ed. 731, supra; Boyle v. Rousso (C. C. A.) 16 F.(2d) 666; Whiting Manufacturing Co. v. Alvin Silver Co. (C. C. A.) 283 F. 75; Zidell v. Dexter (C. C. A.) 26", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 F.2d 666", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_16/0666_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3d2ec6e766ab316d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3880, "end": 3889, "quote": "283 F. 75", "context": " Boyle v. Rousso (C. C. A.) 16 F.(2d) 666; Whiting Manufacturing Co. v. Alvin Silver Co. (C. C. A.) 283 F. 75; Zidell v. Dexter (C. C. A.) 262 F. 145; Knapp v. Will & Baumer Co. (D. C.) 253 F. 191.\nBearing upo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "283 F. 75", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db4ee81367ecf388", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3919, "end": 3929, "quote": "262 F. 145", "context": "66; Whiting Manufacturing Co. v. Alvin Silver Co. (C. C. A.) 283 F. 75; Zidell v. Dexter (C. C. A.) 262 F. 145; Knapp v. Will & Baumer Co. (D. C.) 253 F. 191.\nBearing upon the question of the novelty of the pla", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "262 F. 145", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4cdbc916952de98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3966, "end": 3976, "quote": "253 F. 191", "context": "o. (C. C. A.) 283 F. 75; Zidell v. Dexter (C. C. A.) 262 F. 145; Knapp v. Will & Baumer Co. (D. C.) 253 F. 191.\nBearing upon the question of the novelty of the plaintiff’s design, certain testimony has been off", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "253 F. 191", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f1d1543f0b0e6140", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 4972, "end": 4982, "quote": "271 F. 936", "context": "ff’s patent, citing North British Rubber Co., Limited v. Racine Rubber Tire Co. of N. Y. (C. C. A.) 271 F. 936. It is contended that, if a single element of the patented design . is omitted, without the use of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "271 F. 936", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d28ef4bb04ded82", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 5190, "end": 5196, "quote": "supra,", "context": "valent, there can be no infringement. There is no merit in .these contentions. Gorham Co. v. White, supra, and Knapp v. Baumer Co. (D. C.) 253 F. 191.\nThe learned counsel for the defendant makes this compar", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28befd557f34c890", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 5229, "end": 5239, "quote": "253 F. 191", "context": "here is no merit in .these contentions. Gorham Co. v. White, supra, and Knapp v. Baumer Co. (D. C.) 253 F. 191.\nThe learned counsel for the defendant makes this comparison of the two bottles:\n“The defendant’s b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "253 F. 191", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a17716c9ce7d919", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 9039, "end": 9051, "quote": "14 Wall. 511", "context": "laintiff’s design as to lead ordinary purchasers to mistake one for the other. Gorham Co. v. White, 14 Wall. 511, 20 L. Ed. 731; Klotz et al. v. Imperial Perfumery & Barber Supply Co., Inc. (D. C.) 298 F. 174-176", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 Wall. 511", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49aad524b9955aa5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 9053, "end": 9066, "quote": "20 L. Ed. 731", "context": "ign as to lead ordinary purchasers to mistake one for the other. Gorham Co. v. White, 14 Wall. 511, 20 L. Ed. 731; Klotz et al. v. Imperial Perfumery & Barber Supply Co., Inc. (D. C.) 298 F. 174-176; I. W. Collins", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 731", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e64680bd227d5d90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 9137, "end": 9147, "quote": "298 F. 174", "context": ", 14 Wall. 511, 20 L. Ed. 731; Klotz et al. v. Imperial Perfumery & Barber Supply Co., Inc. (D. C.) 298 F. 174-176; I. W. Collins v. F. M. Paist Co. (D. C.) 14 F.(2d) 614.\nIn the instant case, I think the simil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "298 F. 174", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74f167e7c1d3cea6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 9194, "end": 9207, "quote": "14 F.(2d) 614", "context": "erfumery & Barber Supply Co., Inc. (D. C.) 298 F. 174-176; I. W. Collins v. F. M. Paist Co. (D. C.) 14 F.(2d) 614.\nIn the instant case, I think the similarity between the plaintiff’s and defendant’s bottles is str", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 F.2d 614", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_14/0614_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3cbd2898f19e905b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 12149, "end": 12162, "quote": "20 F.(2d) 955", "context": "tle, thinking he was purchasing that of the plaintiff.\nIn the case of Coco-Cola Co. v. Whistle Co., 20 F.(2d) 955, Judge Morris, of the District Court of Delaware, held that a design patent differing but slightly ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 F.2d 955", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_20/0955_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a57116fd1e1a45ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 12831, "end": 12841, "quote": "151 F. 264", "context": "de by side comparison m court is not a proper test (Friedberger-Aaron Mfg. Co. v. Chapin [C. C. A.] 151 F. 264); and that the true criterion is whether defendant’s bottle so resembles the design of the patent i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 F. 264", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb100af15f475dc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_25/0138_01/index.html", "start": 13056, "end": 13066, "quote": "265 F. 268", "context": "reby ordinary observers or would-be purchasers would be misled (Borgfeldt & Co. v. Weiss [C. C. A.] 265 F. 268).”\nIn the ease before me, on examination of the patents produced in the prior art, I have refused t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "265 F. 268", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22362b6e693ab46b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_274/0824_02/index.html", "start": 367, "end": 382, "quote": "160 F.Supp. 631", "context": "nd is hereby affirmed on the opinion of Judge Shelbourne, reported in In re Frank Fehr Brewing Co., 160 F.Supp. 631.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "160 F. Supp. 631", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_160/0631_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4561f4154bada1f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_285/0214_01/index.html", "start": 776, "end": 791, "quote": "190 F.Supp. 137", "context": "ustify the delay, or to negative prejudice.\nFor the reasons stated in the District Court’s opinion, 190 F.Supp. 137, the order of dismissal is affirmed.\nAffirmed.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "190 F. Supp. 137", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_190/0137_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "359d1b9aecaf6604", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_309/0728_01/index.html", "start": 5103, "end": 5116, "quote": "330 Mich. 286", "context": "e to the action in the District Court because there was no showing of prejudice. Weller v. Cummins, 330 Mich. 286, 47 N.W.2d 612 (1951). The contract in question, the insurance policy, was made in the State of Mic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "330 Mich. 286", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4a0a8ad2fd147ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_309/0728_01/index.html", "start": 5118, "end": 5131, "quote": "47 N.W.2d 612", "context": " in the District Court because there was no showing of prejudice. Weller v. Cummins, 330 Mich. 286, 47 N.W.2d 612 (1951). The contract in question, the insurance policy, was made in the State of Michigan, and the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 N.W.2d 612", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a276284fbf296561", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 221, "end": 236, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "context": "claims 1-3, 6-9, 11 and 12 as “unpatentable over the combination of Hague et al. and Badische under 35 U.S.C. § 103,” as well as “for double patenting over Hague et al.”\nThe invention relates to a three-component “Z", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_103/title35_sec103_f53730005bd3/103_conditions_for_patentability_non_obvious_subject_matter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "8a63d6ebeac6f68e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 6057, "end": 6072, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "context": "ants here appear to do, that “equivalency” is a proper criterion for establishing obviousness under 35 U.S.C. § 103. Cf. In re Scott, 323 F.2d 1016, 51 CCPA 747 (1963). Indeed, the references relied on by appellants", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_103/title35_sec103_f53730005bd3/103_conditions_for_patentability_non_obvious_subject_matter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "78d25b750dcf2645", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 6067, "end": 6073, "quote": "§ 103.", "context": "appear to do, that “equivalency” is a proper criterion for establishing obviousness under 35 U.S.C. § 103. Cf. In re Scott, 323 F.2d 1016, 51 CCPA 747 (1963). Indeed, the references relied on by appellants ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_103/title35_sec103_f53730005bd3/103_conditions_for_patentability_non_obvious_subject_matter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "f4b31ea8a623e43c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 6091, "end": 6104, "quote": "323 F.2d 1016", "context": "valency” is a proper criterion for establishing obviousness under 35 U.S.C. § 103. Cf. In re Scott, 323 F.2d 1016, 51 CCPA 747 (1963). Indeed, the references relied on by appellants tend to bear out that conclusio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "323 F.2d 1016", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_323/1016_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ef20a2e65a944c5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 7407, "end": 7417, "quote": "383 U.S. 1", "context": "those references as part of the “scope and content” of the prior art. See Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 17, 86 S.Ct. 684, 15 L.Ed.2d 545. We must agree with appellants that the totality of the prior art", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "383 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c0434146521ebdc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 7423, "end": 7435, "quote": "86 S.Ct. 684", "context": " as part of the “scope and content” of the prior art. See Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 17, 86 S.Ct. 684, 15 L.Ed.2d 545. We must agree with appellants that the totality of the prior art in the record dem", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 S. Ct. 684", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "002e20c405c97978", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 7437, "end": 7451, "quote": "15 L.Ed.2d 545", "context": "e “scope and content” of the prior art. See Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 17, 86 S.Ct. 684, 15 L.Ed.2d 545. We must agree with appellants that the totality of the prior art in the record demonstrates that o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 L. Ed. 2d 545", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37ac4853f71a6239", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 8155, "end": 8170, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "context": "discovery is, we think, non-obvious and comports with the conditions for patentability set forth in 35 U.S.C. § 103. Compare In re Naylor, 369 F.2d 765, 54 CCPA 902 (1967).\nThe view we take renders it unnecessary to", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_103/title35_sec103_f53730005bd3/103_conditions_for_patentability_non_obvious_subject_matter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9718044096c8ba38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 8165, "end": 8171, "quote": "§ 103.", "context": "is, we think, non-obvious and comports with the conditions for patentability set forth in 35 U.S.C. § 103. Compare In re Naylor, 369 F.2d 765, 54 CCPA 902 (1967).\nThe view we take renders it unnecessary to ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_103/title35_sec103_f53730005bd3/103_conditions_for_patentability_non_obvious_subject_matter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d31f372772b2542d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 8194, "end": 8206, "quote": "369 F.2d 765", "context": " comports with the conditions for patentability set forth in 35 U.S.C. § 103. Compare In re Naylor, 369 F.2d 765, 54 CCPA 902 (1967).\nThe view we take renders it unnecessary to consider at length the double paten", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "369 F.2d 765", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_369/0765_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "80fd2f687a279be5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 8449, "end": 8454, "quote": "§ 103", "context": "rejection — one of “double patenting of the obvious type” — presents the same basic question as the § 103 rejection, but in narrower aspect. See In re Land, 368 F.2d 866, 54 CCPA 806 (1966); In re Bowers, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c79782a47c9417e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 8506, "end": 8518, "quote": "368 F.2d 866", "context": " — presents the same basic question as the § 103 rejection, but in narrower aspect. See In re Land, 368 F.2d 866, 54 CCPA 806 (1966); In re Bowers, 359 F.2d 886, 53 CCPA 1590 (1966).\nFor reasons similar to those ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 F.2d 866", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_368/0866_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f94779c756950065", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_396/1009_01/index.html", "start": 8554, "end": 8566, "quote": "359 F.2d 886", "context": " rejection, but in narrower aspect. See In re Land, 368 F.2d 866, 54 CCPA 806 (1966); In re Bowers, 359 F.2d 886, 53 CCPA 1590 (1966).\nFor reasons similar to those advanced above, we find the subject matter of ap", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "359 F.2d 886", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_359/0886_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ca67411fcc5a6146", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 142, "end": 158, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 2312", "context": "ken from conviction for interstate transportation of a stolen vehicle in violation of the Dyer Act, 18 U.S.C. § 2312.\nSome time during the night of October 2, 1967, a 1965 model Ford automobile disappeared from a res", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 2312", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_2312/title18_sec2312_ee8803492379/2312_transportation_of_stolen_vehicles_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c706912095207a60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 152, "end": 159, "quote": "§ 2312.", "context": "onviction for interstate transportation of a stolen vehicle in violation of the Dyer Act, 18 U.S.C. § 2312.\nSome time during the night of October 2, 1967, a 1965 model Ford automobile disappeared from a rest", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_2312/title18_sec2312_ee8803492379/2312_transportation_of_stolen_vehicles_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "690637d4e67a2e55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 3076, "end": 3088, "quote": "391 F.2d 279", "context": "ported the car in interstate commerce, knowing it to be stolen. Relying on Julian v. United States, 391 F.2d 279 (9th Cir. 1968), and Allison v. United States, 348 F.2d 152 (10th Cir. 1965), appellant contends th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 F.2d 279", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_391/0279_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae2ed3bdaafbb731", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 3136, "end": 3148, "quote": "348 F.2d 152", "context": "en. Relying on Julian v. United States, 391 F.2d 279 (9th Cir. 1968), and Allison v. United States, 348 F.2d 152 (10th Cir. 1965), appellant contends that mere occupancy of a parked car is not enough to establish", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "348 F.2d 152", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_348/0152_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1f81e21f2643d86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 3862, "end": 3874, "quote": "388 U.S. 218", "context": "ate driver.\nProof of possession was ample.\n2. Relying on the 1967 trilogy of United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218, 87 S.Ct. 1926, 18 L.Ed.2d 1149; Gilbert v. United States, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "388 U.S. 218", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f771adfd803397a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 3876, "end": 3889, "quote": "87 S.Ct. 1926", "context": "oof of possession was ample.\n2. Relying on the 1967 trilogy of United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218, 87 S.Ct. 1926, 18 L.Ed.2d 1149; Gilbert v. United States, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d 1178, and Stova", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 S. Ct. 1926", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f038c1e163504c78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 3891, "end": 3906, "quote": "18 L.Ed.2d 1149", "context": "on was ample.\n2. Relying on the 1967 trilogy of United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218, 87 S.Ct. 1926, 18 L.Ed.2d 1149; Gilbert v. United States, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d 1178, and Stovall v. Denno, 388 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 L. Ed. 2d 1149", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b5a92570ab2173a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 3934, "end": 3946, "quote": "388 U.S. 263", "context": "y of United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218, 87 S.Ct. 1926, 18 L.Ed.2d 1149; Gilbert v. United States, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d 1178, and Stovall v. Denno, 388 U.S. 293, 87 S.Ct. 1967, 18 L.Ed.2d 1199", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "388 U.S. 263", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a39df54ecc9ce6af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 3948, "end": 3961, "quote": "87 S.Ct. 1951", "context": "ates v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218, 87 S.Ct. 1926, 18 L.Ed.2d 1149; Gilbert v. United States, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d 1178, and Stovall v. Denno, 388 U.S. 293, 87 S.Ct. 1967, 18 L.Ed.2d 1199, appellant con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 S. Ct. 1951", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f95f14566ff89b89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 3963, "end": 3978, "quote": "18 L.Ed.2d 1178", "context": "88 U.S. 218, 87 S.Ct. 1926, 18 L.Ed.2d 1149; Gilbert v. United States, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d 1178, and Stovall v. Denno, 388 U.S. 293, 87 S.Ct. 1967, 18 L.Ed.2d 1199, appellant contends that it was", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 L. Ed. 2d 1178", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ffa900999f780b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 4002, "end": 4014, "quote": "388 U.S. 293", "context": "1149; Gilbert v. United States, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d 1178, and Stovall v. Denno, 388 U.S. 293, 87 S.Ct. 1967, 18 L.Ed.2d 1199, appellant contends that it was error to receive in evidence the id", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "388 U.S. 293", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "437c607ca627ddb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 4016, "end": 4029, "quote": "87 S.Ct. 1967", "context": "v. United States, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d 1178, and Stovall v. Denno, 388 U.S. 293, 87 S.Ct. 1967, 18 L.Ed.2d 1199, appellant contends that it was error to receive in evidence the identifying testi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 S. Ct. 1967", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd83ceb5a8c51ffd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 4031, "end": 4046, "quote": "18 L.Ed.2d 1199", "context": "s, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d 1178, and Stovall v. Denno, 388 U.S. 293, 87 S.Ct. 1967, 18 L.Ed.2d 1199, appellant contends that it was error to receive in evidence the identifying testimony of the witne", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 L. Ed. 2d 1199", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4496ca717620c1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_403/0215_01/index.html", "start": 4480, "end": 4492, "quote": "400 F.2d 935", "context": " this testimony constituted plain error of constitutional proportions, see Rivers v. United States, 400 F.2d 935 (5th Cir.) we hold, under the circumstances of this case, that such error was, as a matter of law, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "400 F.2d 935", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_400/0935_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3e4ccf0580d5f2b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 204, "end": 223, "quote": "D.C. Code § 22-3204", "context": "in we reasserted a procedural standard to be observed in connection with recidivist sentences under D.C. Code § 22-3204. Each appellant was indicted on a charge of carrying an unlicensed pistol in violation of Section 3", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "D.C. Code § 22-3204", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "00e2fcea4ba20305", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 214, "end": 224, "quote": "§ 22-3204.", "context": "serted a procedural standard to be observed in connection with recidivist sentences under D.C. Code § 22-3204. Each appellant was indicted on a charge of carrying an unlicensed pistol in violation of Section 32", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79565d740ae384c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 314, "end": 326, "quote": "Section 3204", "context": "§ 22-3204. Each appellant was indicted on a charge of carrying an unlicensed pistol in violation of Section 3204 and, at a joint trial, each was convicted of that offense by a jury. Thereafter, the trial judge im", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68e39e556201e11d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 1358, "end": 1370, "quote": "Section 3204", "context": "ernment’s legal theory was correct if its factual premise was accurate. Penalties for violations of Section 3204 may always extend to a $1,000 fine or one year’s imprisonment or both, but may range upward to impr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bc6c91d141d7856", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 2137, "end": 2149, "quote": "Section 3204", "context": "t proof of the prior conviction in the presence of the accused is prerequisite to imposition of any Section 3204 sentence in excess of a year. Clemons’ situation, however, diverges somewhat from Marshall’s. The G", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a8d4c1a53e4ad29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 3382, "end": 3394, "quote": "Section 3204", "context": " And in one of our own cases, Kendrick v. United States, after the accused had been convicted under Section 3204, the Government failed to adduce proof of two prior felony convictions charged by information as th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8749a10729ea2a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 8497, "end": 8509, "quote": "Section 3204", "context": "dence, with Clemons and his counsel present, which satisfies the sentencing judge that prior to his Section 3204 offense Clemons had been convicted of a similar violation or a felony.\n. United States v. Marshall,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eeba4eb36ab9e552", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 8628, "end": 8640, "quote": "440 F.2d 195", "context": "d been convicted of a similar violation or a felony.\n. United States v. Marshall, - U.S.App.D.C. -, 440 F.2d 195 (en banc), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 909, 91 S.Ct. 153, 27 L.Ed.2d 148 (1970).\n. Blyther does not comp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "440 F.2d 195", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0195_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "75aeb7a05da831cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 8666, "end": 8678, "quote": "400 U.S. 909", "context": "n or a felony.\n. United States v. Marshall, - U.S.App.D.C. -, 440 F.2d 195 (en banc), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 909, 91 S.Ct. 153, 27 L.Ed.2d 148 (1970).\n. Blyther does not complain of his sentence. For that reason,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "400 U.S. 909", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce4d56ad9305ab5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 8680, "end": 8692, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 153", "context": "\n. United States v. Marshall, - U.S.App.D.C. -, 440 F.2d 195 (en banc), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 909, 91 S.Ct. 153, 27 L.Ed.2d 148 (1970).\n. Blyther does not complain of his sentence. For that reason, and because t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 153", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e94195ae66be9fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 8694, "end": 8708, "quote": "27 L.Ed.2d 148", "context": "es v. Marshall, - U.S.App.D.C. -, 440 F.2d 195 (en banc), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 909, 91 S.Ct. 153, 27 L.Ed.2d 148 (1970).\n. Blyther does not complain of his sentence. For that reason, and because the record on app", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 L. Ed. 2d 148", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0ba72b8db5294eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 9228, "end": 9248, "quote": "124 U.S.App.D.C. 330", "context": "ge “openly or concealed,” presents no occasion for reversal. See, e. g., Morrison v. United States, 124 U.S.App.D.C. 330, 331-332, 365 F.2d 521, 522-523 (1966) ; District of Columbia v. Hunt, 82 U.S.App.D.C. 159, 163-164", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 U.S. App. D.C. 330", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99e29bf63fdc920b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 9259, "end": 9271, "quote": "365 F.2d 521", "context": "nts no occasion for reversal. See, e. g., Morrison v. United States, 124 U.S.App.D.C. 330, 331-332, 365 F.2d 521, 522-523 (1966) ; District of Columbia v. Hunt, 82 U.S.App.D.C. 159, 163-164, 163 F.2d 833, 837-838", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "365 F.2d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_365/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ee495a29edd20580", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 9320, "end": 9339, "quote": "82 U.S.App.D.C. 159", "context": "States, 124 U.S.App.D.C. 330, 331-332, 365 F.2d 521, 522-523 (1966) ; District of Columbia v. Hunt, 82 U.S.App.D.C. 159, 163-164, 163 F.2d 833, 837-838 (1947). Nor, all circumstances considered, especially the voir dire", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 U.S. App. D.C. 159", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ec9604f44c370b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 9350, "end": 9362, "quote": "163 F.2d 833", "context": "331-332, 365 F.2d 521, 522-523 (1966) ; District of Columbia v. Hunt, 82 U.S.App.D.C. 159, 163-164, 163 F.2d 833, 837-838 (1947). Nor, all circumstances considered, especially the voir dire examination of the pro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "163 F.2d 833", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_163/0833_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6247efacbb4566fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 9843, "end": 9862, "quote": "91 U.S.App.D.C. 135", "context": "l. We find the evidence legally sufficient to support the jury’s verdicts, Wilson v. United States, 91 U.S.App.D.C. 135, 137, 198 F.2d 299, 300 (1952) ; Brown v. United States, 58 App.D.C. 311, 312, 30 F.2d 474, 475 (19", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 U.S. App. D.C. 135", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dacc77fa44a15f4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 9869, "end": 9881, "quote": "198 F.2d 299", "context": "gally sufficient to support the jury’s verdicts, Wilson v. United States, 91 U.S.App.D.C. 135, 137, 198 F.2d 299, 300 (1952) ; Brown v. United States, 58 App.D.C. 311, 312, 30 F.2d 474, 475 (1929) ; and, no plain", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "198 F.2d 299", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0299_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "146ae45675405475", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 9920, "end": 9935, "quote": "58 App.D.C. 311", "context": "lson v. United States, 91 U.S.App.D.C. 135, 137, 198 F.2d 299, 300 (1952) ; Brown v. United States, 58 App.D.C. 311, 312, 30 F.2d 474, 475 (1929) ; and, no plain error affecting substantial rights appearing, see F.R", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 App. D.C. 311", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f70d052a2cc3f276", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 9942, "end": 9953, "quote": "30 F.2d 474", "context": " 91 U.S.App.D.C. 135, 137, 198 F.2d 299, 300 (1952) ; Brown v. United States, 58 App.D.C. 311, 312, 30 F.2d 474, 475 (1929) ; and, no plain error affecting substantial rights appearing, see F.R.Crim.P. 52(b), we", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 F.2d 474", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_30/0474_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "85fce9f656f25a88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10166, "end": 10186, "quote": "132 U.S.App.D.C. 264", "context": "on Blyther’s previously unraised objections to seizure of the pistols, see Fuller v. United States, 132 U.S.App.D.C. 264, 279-280, 407 F.2d 1199, 1214-1215 (1967), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 1120, 89 S.Ct. 999, 22 L.Ed.2d 12", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 U.S. App. D.C. 264", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca7abcad7bf42b56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10197, "end": 10210, "quote": "407 F.2d 1199", "context": "d objections to seizure of the pistols, see Fuller v. United States, 132 U.S.App.D.C. 264, 279-280, 407 F.2d 1199, 1214-1215 (1967), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 1120, 89 S.Ct. 999, 22 L.Ed.2d 125 (1969); to his joint t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "407 F.2d 1199", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_407/1199_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "875ff24edb56fc54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10244, "end": 10257, "quote": "393 U.S. 1120", "context": "ler v. United States, 132 U.S.App.D.C. 264, 279-280, 407 F.2d 1199, 1214-1215 (1967), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 1120, 89 S.Ct. 999, 22 L.Ed.2d 125 (1969); to his joint trial with Clemons, see Cupo v. United States, 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "393 U.S. 1120", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81f7b9856ccc659c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10259, "end": 10271, "quote": "89 S.Ct. 999", "context": "tates, 132 U.S.App.D.C. 264, 279-280, 407 F.2d 1199, 1214-1215 (1967), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 1120, 89 S.Ct. 999, 22 L.Ed.2d 125 (1969); to his joint trial with Clemons, see Cupo v. United States, 123 U.S.App.D.C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 S. Ct. 999", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e60a4d5408d9fdb6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10273, "end": 10287, "quote": "22 L.Ed.2d 125", "context": ".App.D.C. 264, 279-280, 407 F.2d 1199, 1214-1215 (1967), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 1120, 89 S.Ct. 999, 22 L.Ed.2d 125 (1969); to his joint trial with Clemons, see Cupo v. United States, 123 U.S.App.D.C. 324, 327, 359 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 L. Ed. 2d 125", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e66c68a8dd264cd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10356, "end": 10376, "quote": "123 U.S.App.D.C. 324", "context": "0, 89 S.Ct. 999, 22 L.Ed.2d 125 (1969); to his joint trial with Clemons, see Cupo v. United States, 123 U.S.App.D.C. 324, 327, 359 F.2d 990, 993 (1966) ; or to the trial judge’s instructions to the jury, see F.R.Crim.P. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 U.S. App. D.C. 324", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03d36b519c8916bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10383, "end": 10395, "quote": "359 F.2d 990", "context": " 125 (1969); to his joint trial with Clemons, see Cupo v. United States, 123 U.S.App.D.C. 324, 327, 359 F.2d 990, 993 (1966) ; or to the trial judge’s instructions to the jury, see F.R.Crim.P. 30; Howard v. Unite", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "359 F.2d 990", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_359/0990_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0fd4a0523a459611", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10505, "end": 10525, "quote": "128 U.S.App.D.C. 336", "context": "6) ; or to the trial judge’s instructions to the jury, see F.R.Crim.P. 30; Howard v. United States, 128 U.S.App.D.C. 336, 339, 389 F.2d 287, 290 (1967).\n. Neither appellant was represented at trial by his counsel on appe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "128 U.S. App. D.C. 336", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2ecfb0e3987c0a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10532, "end": 10544, "quote": "389 F.2d 287", "context": "s instructions to the jury, see F.R.Crim.P. 30; Howard v. United States, 128 U.S.App.D.C. 336, 339, 389 F.2d 287, 290 (1967).\n. Neither appellant was represented at trial by his counsel on appeal.\n. D.C.Code § 22", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "389 F.2d 287", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_389/0287_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "43e7248b2345f502", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10640, "end": 10649, "quote": "§ 22-2901", "context": " 287, 290 (1967).\n. Neither appellant was represented at trial by his counsel on appeal.\n. D.C.Code § 22-2901 (1967), since amended (Supp. I 1968). The offense defined by this section is a felony.\n. D.C.Code §", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4fe80d4c3f455bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10748, "end": 10758, "quote": "§§ 22-3204", "context": "1 (1967), since amended (Supp. I 1968). The offense defined by this section is a felony.\n. D.C.Code §§ 22-3204, 22-3215 (1967).\n. Jackson v. United States, 95 U.S.App.D.C. 328, 221 F.2d 883 (1955).\n. 368 U.S. 4", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b30bab1e6489513f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10804, "end": 10823, "quote": "95 U.S.App.D.C. 328", "context": "ned by this section is a felony.\n. D.C.Code §§ 22-3204, 22-3215 (1967).\n. Jackson v. United States, 95 U.S.App.D.C. 328, 221 F.2d 883 (1955).\n. 368 U.S. 448, 82 S.Ct. 501, 7 L.Ed.2d 446 (1962).\n. Id. at 453, 82 S.Ct. at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 U.S. App. D.C. 328", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a1b5e8e00b5d03a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10825, "end": 10837, "quote": "221 F.2d 883", "context": "s a felony.\n. D.C.Code §§ 22-3204, 22-3215 (1967).\n. Jackson v. United States, 95 U.S.App.D.C. 328, 221 F.2d 883 (1955).\n. 368 U.S. 448, 82 S.Ct. 501, 7 L.Ed.2d 446 (1962).\n. Id. at 453, 82 S.Ct. at 501.\n. 99 U.S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "221 F.2d 883", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_221/0883_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e6ea0bf0a46c3a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 10848, "end": 10860, "quote": "368 U.S. 448", "context": "§§ 22-3204, 22-3215 (1967).\n. Jackson v. United States, 95 U.S.App.D.C. 328, 221 F.2d 883 (1955).\n. 368 U.S. 448, 82 S.Ct. 501, 7 L.Ed.2d 446 (1962).\n. Id. at 453, 82 S.Ct. at 501.\n. 99 U.S.App.D.C. 173, 238 F.2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 U.S. 448", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
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{"id": "6c6b4568528024ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 11504, "end": 11519, "quote": "supra at note 6", "context": "fendant’s presence, just as the sentence itself must be pronounced in his presence.” Id.\n. See text supra at note 6. Of moment in particular cases may be the question whether the prior conviction was for a felony or", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
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{"id": "ba1df371ed7a9045", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 11718, "end": 11727, "quote": "§ 5021(a)", "context": "r a misdemeanor, more especially where it occurred in another jurisdiction.\n. See, e. g., 18 U.S.C. § 5021(a) (1964), as to the effect of which we express no opinion. Cf. Tatum v. United States, 114 U.S.App.D.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
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{"id": "07e4b7b26c4b16b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14401, "end": 14416, "quote": "221 F.2d at 885", "context": "32 S.Ct. 583, 56 L.Ed. 917 (1912) ; Jackson v. United States, supra note 7, 95 U.S.App.D.C. at 330, 221 F.2d at 885.\n. Other procedural standards include reasonable notice of the recidivist charge, Oyler v. Boles, s", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "221 F.2d 883", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_221/0883_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ef556168809eadf3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14515, "end": 14527, "quote": "supra note 8", "context": "5.\n. Other procedural standards include reasonable notice of the recidivist charge, Oyler v. Boles, supra note 8, 368 U.S. at 452, 82 S.Ct. 501; opportunity to be heard, id.; Chandler v. Fretag, supra note 24, 34", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "685c97cee298fc26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14529, "end": 14544, "quote": "368 U.S. at 452", "context": "cedural standards include reasonable notice of the recidivist charge, Oyler v. Boles, supra note 8, 368 U.S. at 452, 82 S.Ct. 501; opportunity to be heard, id.; Chandler v. Fretag, supra note 24, 348 U.S. at 8, 75 S", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6cddb5f22f81fc5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14546, "end": 14558, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 501", "context": " include reasonable notice of the recidivist charge, Oyler v. Boles, supra note 8, 368 U.S. at 452, 82 S.Ct. 501; opportunity to be heard, id.; Chandler v. Fretag, supra note 24, 348 U.S. at 8, 75 S.Ct. 1; and ri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 501", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "778c2b4c19f2928d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14585, "end": 14588, "quote": "id.", "context": "ivist charge, Oyler v. Boles, supra note 8, 368 U.S. at 452, 82 S.Ct. 501; opportunity to be heard, id.; Chandler v. Fretag, supra note 24, 348 U.S. at 8, 75 S.Ct. 1; and right to counsel, Chewning v. Cu", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a0b201974f1e9db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14610, "end": 14623, "quote": "supra note 24", "context": "les, supra note 8, 368 U.S. at 452, 82 S.Ct. 501; opportunity to be heard, id.; Chandler v. Fretag, supra note 24, 348 U.S. at 8, 75 S.Ct. 1; and right to counsel, Chewning v. Cunningham, supra note 16; Reynolds v", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "128ca40f65faabd9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14625, "end": 14638, "quote": "348 U.S. at 8", "context": " 8, 368 U.S. at 452, 82 S.Ct. 501; opportunity to be heard, id.; Chandler v. Fretag, supra note 24, 348 U.S. at 8, 75 S.Ct. 1; and right to counsel, Chewning v. Cunningham, supra note 16; Reynolds v. Cochran, supr", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "348 U.S. 3", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e00ff3215189be1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14640, "end": 14650, "quote": "75 S.Ct. 1", "context": " 452, 82 S.Ct. 501; opportunity to be heard, id.; Chandler v. Fretag, supra note 24, 348 U.S. at 8, 75 S.Ct. 1; and right to counsel, Chewning v. Cunningham, supra note 16; Reynolds v. Cochran, supra note 16; C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 S. Ct. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69297c9a9c17973c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14698, "end": 14711, "quote": "supra note 16", "context": " v. Fretag, supra note 24, 348 U.S. at 8, 75 S.Ct. 1; and right to counsel, Chewning v. Cunningham, supra note 16; Reynolds v. Cochran, supra note 16; Chandler v. Fretag, supra note 24.\n. Marshall requires rejecti", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f9bf72893ae8e70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14734, "end": 14747, "quote": "supra note 16", "context": "at 8, 75 S.Ct. 1; and right to counsel, Chewning v. Cunningham, supra note 16; Reynolds v. Cochran, supra note 16; Chandler v. Fretag, supra note 24.\n. Marshall requires rejection of Clemons’ contention that to do", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5fdc6029bd6208d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14769, "end": 14782, "quote": "supra note 24", "context": "sel, Chewning v. Cunningham, supra note 16; Reynolds v. Cochran, supra note 16; Chandler v. Fretag, supra note 24.\n. Marshall requires rejection of Clemons’ contention that to do so would put him twice in jeopardy", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10050a1aa4c98b41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14911, "end": 14923, "quote": "supra note 1", "context": "on of Clemons’ contention that to do so would put him twice in jeopardy. United States v. Marshall, supra note 1, at 206, 440 F.2d at 199 n. 10. We dispose of Clemons’ final contention on the basis of our holding", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "440 F.2d 195", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0195_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce850bace0dd1912", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 14933, "end": 14945, "quote": "440 F.2d at ", "context": "ion that to do so would put him twice in jeopardy. United States v. Marshall, supra note 1, at 206, 440 F.2d at 199 n. 10. We dispose of Clemons’ final contention on the basis of our holding in Kendrick, to which", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbd2e9c31a8ce2cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15062, "end": 15068, "quote": "§ 3204", "context": "pose of Clemons’ final contention on the basis of our holding in Kendrick, to which we adhere, that § 3204 does not deny the equal protection of the laws. Kendrick v. United States, supra note 10, 99 U.S.Ap", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8b7129e314ffa5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15144, "end": 15157, "quote": "supra note 10", "context": "h we adhere, that § 3204 does not deny the equal protection of the laws. Kendrick v. United States, supra note 10, 99 U.S.App.D.C. at 175-176, 238 F.2d at 36-37.\nMacKINNON, Circuit Judge\n(concurring in part and di", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9fdae3032e4a374b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15159, "end": 15185, "quote": "99 U.S.App.D.C. at 175-176", "context": "at § 3204 does not deny the equal protection of the laws. Kendrick v. United States, supra note 10, 99 U.S.App.D.C. at 175-176, 238 F.2d at 36-37.\nMacKINNON, Circuit Judge\n(concurring in part and dissenting in part):\nI concur ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "99 U.S. App. D.C. 173", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a1c856c41b01ff27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15187, "end": 15204, "quote": "238 F.2d at 36-37", "context": "equal protection of the laws. Kendrick v. United States, supra note 10, 99 U.S.App.D.C. at 175-176, 238 F.2d at 36-37.\nMacKINNON, Circuit Judge\n(concurring in part and dissenting in part):\nI concur in the affirmance o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "238 F.2d 34", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_238/0034_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d4097e3b92badd17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15567, "end": 15579, "quote": "440 F.2d 195", "context": "e same reasons set forth in my dissenting opinion in United States v. Marshall, 142 U.S.App.D.C. -, 440 F.2d 195 (decided June 30, 1970) (en banc), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 909, 91 S.Ct. 153, 27 L.Ed. 148 (1970). I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "440 F.2d 195", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0195_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1a14e32f5ffa9f98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15629, "end": 15641, "quote": "400 U.S. 909", "context": "ates v. Marshall, 142 U.S.App.D.C. -, 440 F.2d 195 (decided June 30, 1970) (en banc), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 909, 91 S.Ct. 153, 27 L.Ed. 148 (1970). In my view since no substantial error to the prejudice of appel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "400 U.S. 909", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f89f18bfe5039e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15643, "end": 15655, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 153", "context": "ll, 142 U.S.App.D.C. -, 440 F.2d 195 (decided June 30, 1970) (en banc), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 909, 91 S.Ct. 153, 27 L.Ed. 148 (1970). In my view since no substantial error to the prejudice of appellant appears i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 153", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6be252e8ee3e54d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15657, "end": 15669, "quote": "27 L.Ed. 148", "context": "p.D.C. -, 440 F.2d 195 (decided June 30, 1970) (en banc), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 909, 91 S.Ct. 153, 27 L.Ed. 148 (1970). In my view since no substantial error to the prejudice of appellant appears in the record o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 L. Ed. 148", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15bba4dedd258e88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 15954, "end": 15970, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "context": "hould be affirmed without prejudice to the right of appellant to bring subsequent proceedings under 28 U.S.C. § 2255, or Rule 35 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, or any other law or rule that he may consid", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "de40d89e9bbb94e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 16197, "end": 16217, "quote": "140 U.S.App.D.C. 313", "context": "e Berryman v. United States (No. 22759, January 9, 1970, Xerox form only); United States v. Dorman, 140 U.S.App.D.C. 313, 435 F.2d 385 (decided April 15, 1970) (en banc), where cases were similarly affirmed without preju", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 U.S. App. D.C. 313", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2fd399ca9798965f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 16219, "end": 16231, "quote": "435 F.2d 385", "context": "tates (No. 22759, January 9, 1970, Xerox form only); United States v. Dorman, 140 U.S.App.D.C. 313, 435 F.2d 385 (decided April 15, 1970) (en banc), where cases were similarly affirmed without prejudice on record", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "435 F.2d 385", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_435/0385_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ddbd297775be92d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 16689, "end": 16708, "quote": "D.C. Code § 22-3204", "context": "er Clemons) was convicted by a jury on June 10, 1968 of carrying a dangerous weapon in violation of D.C. Code § 22-3204. On June 20, 1968, the United States Attorney served Clemons’ counsel with an “Information of Prior", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "D.C. Code § 22-3204", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dcc0e87c997b3ab9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 16699, "end": 16709, "quote": "§ 22-3204.", "context": ") was convicted by a jury on June 10, 1968 of carrying a dangerous weapon in violation of D.C. Code § 22-3204. On June 20, 1968, the United States Attorney served Clemons’ counsel with an “Information of Prior ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a52b66025961877d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 20076, "end": 20095, "quote": "D.C. Code § 22-2901", "context": "to bring appellant’s prior conviction in the same court on May 29, 1958 for robbery in violation of D.C. Code § 22-2901 to the judicial notice of the court. It is clear that a court may take judicial notice of its own r", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "D.C. Code § 22-2901", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e7363f3403292945", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 20739, "end": 20745, "quote": "supra,", "context": "h a set of eircumstances are fully set forth in my dissenting opinion in United States v. Marshall, supra, and need not be repeated here.\nThere has never been a denial by either Clemons or his attorney that", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "440 F.2d 195", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0195_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6180561ceedae24e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 22176, "end": 22182, "quote": "supra,", "context": " the issue of identity he may do so by motion before the trial judge. My prior dissent in Marshall, supra, fully outlines the procedures to be followed in such circumstances.\nThese include many of the featu", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "440 F.2d 195", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0195_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a27561621c05decf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 22452, "end": 22464, "quote": "84 Stat. 473", "context": "t Reform and Criminal Procedure Act of 1970,” Pub. Law 91-358, 91st Cong., 2d Sess., July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 473, which are embodied in its amendments to D.C. Code § 23-111 effective February 1, 1971. The new Act", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "84 Stat. 473", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79e81e4e3638f8b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 22506, "end": 22524, "quote": "D.C. Code § 23-111", "context": " 91-358, 91st Cong., 2d Sess., July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 473, which are embodied in its amendments to D.C. Code § 23-111 effective February 1, 1971. The new Act requires the Information to be filed prior to trial or befo", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "D.C. Code § 23-111", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "caa54f7057759b77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 23565, "end": 23583, "quote": "D.C. Code § 23-111", "context": "e to the information * * * the court shall proceed to impose sentence upon him as provided by law.” D.C. Code § 23-111 (d) (1), effective February 1, 1971.\nMoreover, the embodiment of these rules into statutory form do", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "D.C. Code § 23-111", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "112b5ba90073d2a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27289, "end": 27300, "quote": "386 U.S. 18", "context": " be deemed harmless, not requiring the automatic reversal of the conviction.\nChapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18, 21-22, 87 S.Ct. 824, 827 (1967).\nDecisions applying that rule are: Lockett v. United States, 390 F", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "386 U.S. 18", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f1f4754af01863cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27309, "end": 27321, "quote": "87 S.Ct. 824", "context": " not requiring the automatic reversal of the conviction.\nChapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18, 21-22, 87 S.Ct. 824, 827 (1967).\nDecisions applying that rule are: Lockett v. United States, 390 F.2d 168, 174 (9th Cir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 S. Ct. 824", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6bcfc6f011b9bd8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27395, "end": 27407, "quote": "390 F.2d 168", "context": "S. 18, 21-22, 87 S.Ct. 824, 827 (1967).\nDecisions applying that rule are: Lockett v. United States, 390 F.2d 168, 174 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 877, 89 S.Ct. 175, 21 L.Ed.2d 149 (1968) (search and seizur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "390 F.2d 168", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_390/0168_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "82cfce8040d473a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27439, "end": 27451, "quote": "393 U.S. 877", "context": "sions applying that rule are: Lockett v. United States, 390 F.2d 168, 174 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 877, 89 S.Ct. 175, 21 L.Ed.2d 149 (1968) (search and seizure without search warrant) ; United States v.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "393 U.S. 877", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ecfa88ac39e3a492", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27453, "end": 27465, "quote": "89 S.Ct. 175", "context": " that rule are: Lockett v. United States, 390 F.2d 168, 174 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 877, 89 S.Ct. 175, 21 L.Ed.2d 149 (1968) (search and seizure without search warrant) ; United States v. Reed, 392 F.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 S. Ct. 175", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5a52d4264f7ade5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27467, "end": 27481, "quote": "21 L.Ed.2d 149", "context": ": Lockett v. United States, 390 F.2d 168, 174 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 877, 89 S.Ct. 175, 21 L.Ed.2d 149 (1968) (search and seizure without search warrant) ; United States v. Reed, 392 F.2d 865, 867-868 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 L. Ed. 2d 149", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80dbadc56c1e0181", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27558, "end": 27570, "quote": "392 F.2d 865", "context": "Ct. 175, 21 L.Ed.2d 149 (1968) (search and seizure without search warrant) ; United States v. Reed, 392 F.2d 865, 867-868 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 984, 89 S.Ct. 457, 21 L.Ed.2d 445 (1968) (search and se", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "392 F.2d 865", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_392/0865_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8c4848bdfd6a6a82", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27606, "end": 27618, "quote": "393 U.S. 984", "context": "re without search warrant) ; United States v. Reed, 392 F.2d 865, 867-868 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 984, 89 S.Ct. 457, 21 L.Ed.2d 445 (1968) (search and seizure without search warrant). Also in Roeth v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "393 U.S. 984", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2eb3eb704d545ad0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27620, "end": 27632, "quote": "89 S.Ct. 457", "context": "rch warrant) ; United States v. Reed, 392 F.2d 865, 867-868 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 984, 89 S.Ct. 457, 21 L.Ed.2d 445 (1968) (search and seizure without search warrant). Also in Roeth v. United States,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 S. Ct. 457", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8268df76a669bf0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27634, "end": 27648, "quote": "21 L.Ed.2d 445", "context": " United States v. Reed, 392 F.2d 865, 867-868 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 984, 89 S.Ct. 457, 21 L.Ed.2d 445 (1968) (search and seizure without search warrant). Also in Roeth v. United States, 380 F.2d 755, 7", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 L. Ed. 2d 445", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c6c3e3491390b6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27733, "end": 27745, "quote": "380 F.2d 755", "context": " 21 L.Ed.2d 445 (1968) (search and seizure without search warrant). Also in Roeth v. United States, 380 F.2d 755, 757 (5th Cir. 1967), it was held that failure to notify a defendant in advance that he was to be r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "380 F.2d 755", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_380/0755_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b76bed9fbfe43030", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 27914, "end": 27926, "quote": "345 F.2d 354", "context": " in advance that he was to be resentenced was at most harmless error; and in United States v. Bell, 345 F.2d 354, 356 (7th Cir. 1965), that failure of the United States Attorney to file information of .prior conv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "345 F.2d 354", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_345/0354_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "59d8bbf49a3537b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28174, "end": 28185, "quote": "225 F.2d 55", "context": " imposition of second sentence did not place defendant in double jeopardy. Knight v. United States, 225 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 350 U.S. 890, 76 S.Ct. 148, 100 L.Ed. 784 (1955), held that the failu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "225 F.2d 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_225/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "deed485ac913e99f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28216, "end": 28228, "quote": "350 U.S. 890", "context": "ce defendant in double jeopardy. Knight v. United States, 225 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 350 U.S. 890, 76 S.Ct. 148, 100 L.Ed. 784 (1955), held that the failure to file an information of prior convicti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "350 U.S. 890", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b03d4a7efbe779c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28230, "end": 28242, "quote": "76 S.Ct. 148", "context": "n double jeopardy. Knight v. United States, 225 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 350 U.S. 890, 76 S.Ct. 148, 100 L.Ed. 784 (1955), held that the failure to file an information of prior conviction as required", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 S. Ct. 148", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5e4f11724d426aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28244, "end": 28257, "quote": "100 L.Ed. 784", "context": "rdy. Knight v. United States, 225 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 350 U.S. 890, 76 S.Ct. 148, 100 L.Ed. 784 (1955), held that the failure to file an information of prior conviction as required by the Boggs A", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 L. Ed. 784", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2a5511fc9932c32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28361, "end": 28377, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 2557", "context": "55), held that the failure to file an information of prior conviction as required by the Boggs Act (26 U.S.C. § 2557(b)) where defendant had admitted his identity in open court was harmless error. In United States v.", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 2557", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4253ecf16d69725", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28371, "end": 28380, "quote": "§ 2557(b)", "context": "that the failure to file an information of prior conviction as required by the Boggs Act (26 U.S.C. § 2557(b)) where defendant had admitted his identity in open court was harmless error. In United States v. Du", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "af2e953b279db87c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 28486, "end": 28498, "quote": "269 F.2d 113", "context": "e defendant had admitted his identity in open court was harmless error. In United States v. Duhart, 269 F.2d 113, 115-116 (2d Cir. 1959), under substantially similar circumstances, the court upheld the original s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "269 F.2d 113", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_269/0113_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bc26205ffffb7d96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 29706, "end": 29722, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "context": " been improperly sentenced, is to attack the sentence by a motion directed to the trial court under 28 U.S.C. § 2255, or under Rule 35, Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, for correction or reduction of sentence, ma", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f2081579084c91b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 30198, "end": 30204, "quote": "supra,", "context": "rt in any way related thereto. Following such loose appellate procedures in this case and Marshall, supra, has resulted in two panels of judges of this court considering two cases at length, writing and cir", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "440 F.2d 195", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0195_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "45f19aa6aadc9a12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 30799, "end": 30805, "quote": "supra,", "context": "n eliminated.\nIn closing I feel it necessary to point out that in my view this case, like Marshall, supra, is controlled by our decision in Kendrick v. United States, 99 U.S.App.D.C. 173, 238 F.2d 34 (1956)", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "440 F.2d 195", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0195_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fad5c8472f3285e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 30866, "end": 30885, "quote": "99 U.S.App.D.C. 173", "context": "y view this case, like Marshall, supra, is controlled by our decision in Kendrick v. United States, 99 U.S.App.D.C. 173, 238 F.2d 34 (1956), and not by Jackson v. United States, supra. Regardless of all the pure asserti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 U.S. App. D.C. 173", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd13e8fad42e59ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 30887, "end": 30898, "quote": "238 F.2d 34", "context": "e Marshall, supra, is controlled by our decision in Kendrick v. United States, 99 U.S.App.D.C. 173, 238 F.2d 34 (1956), and not by Jackson v. United States, supra. Regardless of all the pure assertion in the maj", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "238 F.2d 34", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_238/0034_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d5e58da2613b40e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 30944, "end": 30950, "quote": "supra.", "context": "ick v. United States, 99 U.S.App.D.C. 173, 238 F.2d 34 (1956), and not by Jackson v. United States, supra. Regardless of all the pure assertion in the majority opinion, it is my view that they cannot apply ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d761cbfff7938030", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 31290, "end": 31296, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ven, whereas in Clemons it was given. Clemons is thus identical on the essential facts to Kendrick, supra, and a similar result should obtain.\nThe majority opinion argues that proof of the prior conviction ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "968bb8fe1cbe512e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 32735, "end": 32747, "quote": "378 F.2d 906", "context": " to state that Circuit Judge McGOWAN concurs in the foregoing opinion.\n. Chandler v. United States, 378 F.2d 906, 909-910 (9th Cir. 1967) ; United States v. Marcello, 280 F.Supp. 510, 521 n. 4 (E.D.La.1968) ; Uni", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "378 F.2d 906", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_378/0906_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cfac4918edb7a92f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 32802, "end": 32817, "quote": "280 F.Supp. 510", "context": "on.\n. Chandler v. United States, 378 F.2d 906, 909-910 (9th Cir. 1967) ; United States v. Marcello, 280 F.Supp. 510, 521 n. 4 (E.D.La.1968) ; United States v. Maxwell, 137 F.Supp. 298, 305 (W.D.Mo. 1955), aff’d on o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "280 F. Supp. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_280/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bb7e7fab38f09a69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 32870, "end": 32885, "quote": "137 F.Supp. 298", "context": "7) ; United States v. Marcello, 280 F.Supp. 510, 521 n. 4 (E.D.La.1968) ; United States v. Maxwell, 137 F.Supp. 298, 305 (W.D.Mo. 1955), aff’d on other grounds, 235 F.2d 930 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 352 U.S. 943, 7", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 F. Supp. 298", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_137/0298_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d3337f26bea1f265", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 32931, "end": 32943, "quote": "235 F.2d 930", "context": "D.La.1968) ; United States v. Maxwell, 137 F.Supp. 298, 305 (W.D.Mo. 1955), aff’d on other grounds, 235 F.2d 930 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 352 U.S. 943, 77 S.Ct. 266, 1 L.Ed.2d 239 (1956). In fact it is recognize", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "235 F.2d 930", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_235/0930_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "306ae7ae84925dd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 32970, "end": 32982, "quote": "352 U.S. 943", "context": "137 F.Supp. 298, 305 (W.D.Mo. 1955), aff’d on other grounds, 235 F.2d 930 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 352 U.S. 943, 77 S.Ct. 266, 1 L.Ed.2d 239 (1956). In fact it is recognized that a federal district court may tak", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "352 U.S. 943", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14eacf7dbd58b209", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 32984, "end": 32996, "quote": "77 S.Ct. 266", "context": "8, 305 (W.D.Mo. 1955), aff’d on other grounds, 235 F.2d 930 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 352 U.S. 943, 77 S.Ct. 266, 1 L.Ed.2d 239 (1956). In fact it is recognized that a federal district court may take judicial not", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 S. Ct. 266", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98dee568370c4f43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 32998, "end": 33011, "quote": "1 L.Ed.2d 239", "context": ". 1955), aff’d on other grounds, 235 F.2d 930 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 352 U.S. 943, 77 S.Ct. 266, 1 L.Ed.2d 239 (1956). In fact it is recognized that a federal district court may take judicial notice of judicial", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1 L. Ed. 2d 239", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65d7ad029b4c938f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33178, "end": 33190, "quote": "318 U.S. 257", "context": " take judicial notice of judicial proceedings in a different federal court. Wells v. United States, 318 U.S. 257, 260, 63 S.Ct. 582, 87 L.Ed. 746 (1943) ; Hood v. United States, 152 F.2d 431, 435 (8th Cir. 1946).", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "318 U.S. 257", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4c55b1f27f8fb10", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33197, "end": 33209, "quote": "63 S.Ct. 582", "context": "ce of judicial proceedings in a different federal court. Wells v. United States, 318 U.S. 257, 260, 63 S.Ct. 582, 87 L.Ed. 746 (1943) ; Hood v. United States, 152 F.2d 431, 435 (8th Cir. 1946).\n. Jacobs v. United", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 S. Ct. 582", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d55b51c7d4fe91b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33211, "end": 33223, "quote": "87 L.Ed. 746", "context": " proceedings in a different federal court. Wells v. United States, 318 U.S. 257, 260, 63 S.Ct. 582, 87 L.Ed. 746 (1943) ; Hood v. United States, 152 F.2d 431, 435 (8th Cir. 1946).\n. Jacobs v. United States, 58 Ap", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 L. Ed. 746", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4de7194898470742", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33256, "end": 33268, "quote": "152 F.2d 431", "context": "lls v. United States, 318 U.S. 257, 260, 63 S.Ct. 582, 87 L.Ed. 746 (1943) ; Hood v. United States, 152 F.2d 431, 435 (8th Cir. 1946).\n. Jacobs v. United States, 58 App.D.C. 62, 63, 24 F.2d 890, 891 (1928).\n. The", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "152 F.2d 431", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_152/0431_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "941cc96e3de7f7e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33318, "end": 33332, "quote": "58 App.D.C. 62", "context": ". 746 (1943) ; Hood v. United States, 152 F.2d 431, 435 (8th Cir. 1946).\n. Jacobs v. United States, 58 App.D.C. 62, 63, 24 F.2d 890, 891 (1928).\n. The validity of such procedure is recognized by Jackson v. United S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 App. D.C. 62", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76645f5ee1037493", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33338, "end": 33349, "quote": "24 F.2d 890", "context": "v. United States, 152 F.2d 431, 435 (8th Cir. 1946).\n. Jacobs v. United States, 58 App.D.C. 62, 63, 24 F.2d 890, 891 (1928).\n. The validity of such procedure is recognized by Jackson v. United States, 95 U.S.App", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 F.2d 890", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_24/0890_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "673ebadcb82f96b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33439, "end": 33458, "quote": "95 U.S.App.D.C. 328", "context": "4 F.2d 890, 891 (1928).\n. The validity of such procedure is recognized by Jackson v. United States, 95 U.S.App.D.C. 328, 221 F.2d 883 (1955), and reference to its availability seems sufficient without ordering a potenti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 U.S. App. D.C. 328", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9166f8ec01680b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33460, "end": 33472, "quote": "221 F.2d 883", "context": ").\n. The validity of such procedure is recognized by Jackson v. United States, 95 U.S.App.D.C. 328, 221 F.2d 883 (1955), and reference to its availability seems sufficient without ordering a potentially useless r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "221 F.2d 883", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_221/0883_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0719b7c1b7c90351", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33581, "end": 33595, "quote": "D.C. Code § 23", "context": "and reference to its availability seems sufficient without ordering a potentially useless remand.\n. D.C. Code § 23-lll(c) (1), effective February 1, 1971 (emphasis added).\n. Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(a) ; and see Chapman v.", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "D.C. Code § 23", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2639b1904145b952", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33591, "end": 33602, "quote": "§ 23-lll(c)", "context": "nce to its availability seems sufficient without ordering a potentially useless remand.\n. D.C. Code § 23-lll(c) (1), effective February 1, 1971 (emphasis added).\n. Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(a) ; and see Chapman v. Califo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "432f99c080c74914", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33708, "end": 33719, "quote": "386 U.S. 18", "context": "effective February 1, 1971 (emphasis added).\n. Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(a) ; and see Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18, 21-22, 87 S.Ct. 824, 17 L.Ed.2d 705 (1967) ; and cases dealing with failure to timely file informa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "386 U.S. 18", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42ce3fafa7a20d61", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33728, "end": 33740, "quote": "87 S.Ct. 824", "context": ", 1971 (emphasis added).\n. Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(a) ; and see Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18, 21-22, 87 S.Ct. 824, 17 L.Ed.2d 705 (1967) ; and cases dealing with failure to timely file informations under the sente", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 S. Ct. 824", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c999f556b3efda8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33742, "end": 33756, "quote": "17 L.Ed.2d 705", "context": "is added).\n. Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(a) ; and see Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18, 21-22, 87 S.Ct. 824, 17 L.Ed.2d 705 (1967) ; and cases dealing with failure to timely file informations under the sentencing procedures", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 L. Ed. 2d 705", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec1db00e7a476b40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33909, "end": 33921, "quote": "345 F.2d 354", "context": "le informations under the sentencing procedures prescribed by the Boggs Act, United States v. Bell, 345 F.2d 354, 356 (7th Cir. 1965) ; United States v. Duhart, 269 F.2d 113, 115-116 (2d Cir. 1959) ; Knight v. Un", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "345 F.2d 354", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_345/0354_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d635df8739a567b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 33970, "end": 33982, "quote": "269 F.2d 113", "context": " the Boggs Act, United States v. Bell, 345 F.2d 354, 356 (7th Cir. 1965) ; United States v. Duhart, 269 F.2d 113, 115-116 (2d Cir. 1959) ; Knight v. United States, 225 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 350 U.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "269 F.2d 113", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_269/0113_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6009a4b6117db9f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 34034, "end": 34045, "quote": "225 F.2d 55", "context": "r. 1965) ; United States v. Duhart, 269 F.2d 113, 115-116 (2d Cir. 1959) ; Knight v. United States, 225 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 350 U.S. 890, 76 S.Ct. 148, 100 L.Ed. 784 (1955) ; and see later disc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "225 F.2d 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_225/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "58fa4c4fbed8bffa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 34076, "end": 34088, "quote": "350 U.S. 890", "context": "2d 113, 115-116 (2d Cir. 1959) ; Knight v. United States, 225 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 350 U.S. 890, 76 S.Ct. 148, 100 L.Ed. 784 (1955) ; and see later discussion at pp. 213-214 infra.\n. Fed.R.Crim.P", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "350 U.S. 890", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9f7ca4feaf000c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 34090, "end": 34102, "quote": "76 S.Ct. 148", "context": "6 (2d Cir. 1959) ; Knight v. United States, 225 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 350 U.S. 890, 76 S.Ct. 148, 100 L.Ed. 784 (1955) ; and see later discussion at pp. 213-214 infra.\n. Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(a).\n. Id.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 S. Ct. 148", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e4c4636f93c1a16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 34104, "end": 34117, "quote": "100 L.Ed. 784", "context": "9) ; Knight v. United States, 225 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 350 U.S. 890, 76 S.Ct. 148, 100 L.Ed. 784 (1955) ; and see later discussion at pp. 213-214 infra.\n. Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(a).\n. Id.\n. The appeal w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 L. Ed. 784", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0dcd5f4789a4e9ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 34199, "end": 34202, "quote": "Id.", "context": "148, 100 L.Ed. 784 (1955) ; and see later discussion at pp. 213-214 infra.\n. Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(a).\n. Id.\n. The appeal was argued on September 18, 1969.\n. The majority opinion asserts that “the proceeding ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "100 L. Ed. 784", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b823f3fa43084ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 34468, "end": 34480, "quote": "180 U.S. 311", "context": " way to prison,” but this mischaraeterizes the sentencing proceeding. In McDonald v. Massachusetts, 180 U.S. 311, 313, 21 S.Ct. 389, 390, 45 L.Ed. 542 (1901), the Supreme Court in referring to a similar proceedin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "180 U.S. 311", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f266bdc5b9e594c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 34487, "end": 34499, "quote": "21 S.Ct. 389", "context": "t this mischaraeterizes the sentencing proceeding. In McDonald v. Massachusetts, 180 U.S. 311, 313, 21 S.Ct. 389, 390, 45 L.Ed. 542 (1901), the Supreme Court in referring to a similar proceeding stated, “The alle", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 S. Ct. 389", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f3ee3ecb1a0e080", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 34506, "end": 34518, "quote": "45 L.Ed. 542", "context": "izes the sentencing proceeding. In McDonald v. Massachusetts, 180 U.S. 311, 313, 21 S.Ct. 389, 390, 45 L.Ed. 542 (1901), the Supreme Court in referring to a similar proceeding stated, “The allegation of previous ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 L. Ed. 542", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f644398c55060cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 34797, "end": 34807, "quote": "348 U.S. 3", "context": "ase within the statute, and goes to the punishment only.” (Emphasis added.) See Chandler v. Fretag, 348 U.S. 3, 7, 8, 75 S.Ct. 1 (1954). In another case the Court also stated, in referring to the filing of an i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "348 U.S. 3", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "58195f713e37966a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 34815, "end": 34825, "quote": "75 S.Ct. 1", "context": "tute, and goes to the punishment only.” (Emphasis added.) See Chandler v. Fretag, 348 U.S. 3, 7, 8, 75 S.Ct. 1 (1954). In another case the Court also stated, in referring to the filing of an information of prio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 S. Ct. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "839a7894d7cc54f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 35070, "end": 35082, "quote": "224 U.S. 616", "context": " not held to answer for an offense; the information did not allege crime.” Graham v. West Virginia, 224 U.S. 616, 624, 32 S.Ct. 583, 586, 56 L.Ed. 917 (1912). (Emphasis added.) Undoubtedly there are substantial d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "224 U.S. 616", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84d8243f3573c437", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 35089, "end": 35101, "quote": "32 S.Ct. 583", "context": " for an offense; the information did not allege crime.” Graham v. West Virginia, 224 U.S. 616, 624, 32 S.Ct. 583, 586, 56 L.Ed. 917 (1912). (Emphasis added.) Undoubtedly there are substantial differences between ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 S. Ct. 583", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dfe67bcbeaba53ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_440/0205_01/index.html", "start": 35108, "end": 35120, "quote": "56 L.Ed. 917", "context": "e information did not allege crime.” Graham v. West Virginia, 224 U.S. 616, 624, 32 S.Ct. 583, 586, 56 L.Ed. 917 (1912). (Emphasis added.) Undoubtedly there are substantial differences between such a sentencing p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 L. Ed. 917", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dac987176354f1ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_453/1365_03/index.html", "start": 128, "end": 140, "quote": "360 F.2d 462", "context": "ring this old litigation before us for the third time. See Capital Investors Co. v. Devers, 4 Cir., 360 F.2d 462 and 387 F.2d 591, in which the general background and the nature of the case are outlined. They com", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "360 F.2d 462", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_360/0462_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b32ac7ff786df8b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_453/1365_03/index.html", "start": 145, "end": 157, "quote": "387 F.2d 591", "context": "igation before us for the third time. See Capital Investors Co. v. Devers, 4 Cir., 360 F.2d 462 and 387 F.2d 591, in which the general background and the nature of the case are outlined. They come now after confi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "387 F.2d 591", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_387/0591_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c70ab689da5b501d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 269, "end": 276, "quote": "the Act", "context": " Labor to enjoin defendant from denying employment to individuals within the age group protected by the Act and from withholding payment for unpaid wages allegedly due one individual because of discriminatio", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ace6da5ca6983750", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 574, "end": 581, "quote": "the Act", "context": " and warranted the issuance of a limited injunction restraining defendant from future violations of the Act, but it denied recovery of back wages. The Secretary appeals. We reverse as to the denial of unpaid", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5911c4bb490a456e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 1458, "end": 1465, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ce, color, religion, sex, or national origin.” The statutory defenses to an action for violation of the Act are contained in Section 4(f). That section provides, inter alia, that it shall not be unlawful for", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f72af17d1d03faa0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 1483, "end": 1495, "quote": "Section 4(f)", "context": " or national origin.” The statutory defenses to an action for violation of the Act are contained in Section 4(f). That section provides, inter alia, that it shall not be unlawful for an “employer, employment agen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b3a991c1be6ff512", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 2118, "end": 2125, "quote": "the Act", "context": " Thus, should the Secretary of Labor fail to “effect voluntary compliance with the requirements (of the Act) through informal methods of conciliation, conference, and persuasion”, the courts have at their di", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a240cd926500b09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 2378, "end": 2385, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ctions). These, of course, include the issuance of injunctions to effectuate future compliance with the Act and to restrain the continued withholding of unpaid wages owing because of unlawful past discrimina", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76fc6cea4fd7075a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 2660, "end": 2671, "quote": "Sections 16", "context": "imination Act are deemed to be unpaid minimum wages or unpaid overtime compensation for purposes of Sections 16 and 17, of the Fair Labor Standards Act.\nThe Secretary brought this action under Section 7(b) of th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a5102e11464d9a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 2753, "end": 2765, "quote": "Section 7(b)", "context": "ses of Sections 16 and 17, of the Fair Labor Standards Act.\nThe Secretary brought this action under Section 7(b) of the Age Discrimination Act and Section 17 of the Fair Labor Standards Act to enjoin defendant, F", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a400e36f1d7bc338", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 2800, "end": 2810, "quote": "Section 17", "context": "andards Act.\nThe Secretary brought this action under Section 7(b) of the Age Discrimination Act and Section 17 of the Fair Labor Standards Act to enjoin defendant, First Federal Savings and Loan Association of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4883bc6cf258497f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 2968, "end": 2980, "quote": "Section 4(a)", "context": "t Federal Savings and Loan Association of Broward County, Florida, from violating the provisions of Section 4(a) (1) by denying employment to job applicants within the protected age group. He further sought to re", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "efdc3f07aad9d833", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 3511, "end": 3520, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "p and based on that finding it issued an injunction restraining defendant from future violations of Section 4 of the Age Discrimination Act “with regard to the hiring of tellers”. The court added that the inju", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ccff371d15e54c5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 4305, "end": 4312, "quote": "the Act", "context": "larifying statement to the injunction should be omitted inasmuch as it would permit easy evasion of the Act; and that it was error to deny relief to Mrs. Hall. We consider each of the Secretary’s contentions", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a865b39bf6e96cd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 4643, "end": 4650, "quote": "the Act", "context": "oward County, Florida. It has been stipulated that defendant is an “employer” within the meaning of the Act.\nAt any given time defendant normally employs about thirty-five tellers, a job which according to t", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4f01296369db29d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 4864, "end": 4871, "quote": "the Act", "context": "a relatively high turnover rate. The record shows that between June 12, 1968 (the effective date of the Act) and July 14, 1969, 35 tellers and teller trainees were hired. None was over forty and all but thre", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32ab9050dfd394e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 7509, "end": 7516, "quote": "the Act", "context": "g a “young man” for the position of financial advertising assistant might constitute a violation of the Act. Mr. Buns-field was aware of this correspondence, but he testified that the ad had been run, withou", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3520d0221817399c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 9348, "end": 9360, "quote": "294 U.S. 587", "context": "shifts to the defendant to justify the existence of any disparities. See, e. g., Norris v. Alabama, 294 U.S. 587, 55 S. Ct. 579, 79 L.Ed. 1074 (1935); Muniz v. Beto, 434 F.2d 697 (CA5, 1970); Weeks v. Southern Be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "294 U.S. 587", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56bf1a6040595a57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 9362, "end": 9375, "quote": "55 S. Ct. 579", "context": "defendant to justify the existence of any disparities. See, e. g., Norris v. Alabama, 294 U.S. 587, 55 S. Ct. 579, 79 L.Ed. 1074 (1935); Muniz v. Beto, 434 F.2d 697 (CA5, 1970); Weeks v. Southern Bell Telephone an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 S. Ct. 579", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5001e7e6387fc5c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 9377, "end": 9390, "quote": "79 L.Ed. 1074", "context": "stify the existence of any disparities. See, e. g., Norris v. Alabama, 294 U.S. 587, 55 S. Ct. 579, 79 L.Ed. 1074 (1935); Muniz v. Beto, 434 F.2d 697 (CA5, 1970); Weeks v. Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Com", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 L. Ed. 1074", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31fdbebf2839b4d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 9414, "end": 9426, "quote": "434 F.2d 697", "context": "s. See, e. g., Norris v. Alabama, 294 U.S. 587, 55 S. Ct. 579, 79 L.Ed. 1074 (1935); Muniz v. Beto, 434 F.2d 697 (CA5, 1970); Weeks v. Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Company, 408 F.2d 228 (CA5, 1969); Gate", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "434 F.2d 697", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_434/0697_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e014f9d0d62beef7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 9496, "end": 9508, "quote": "408 F.2d 228", "context": "); Muniz v. Beto, 434 F.2d 697 (CA5, 1970); Weeks v. Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Company, 408 F.2d 228 (CA5, 1969); Gates v. Georgia-Pacific Corporation, 326 F.Supp. 397 (D.C.D.Or.1970). Once the plaint", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "408 F.2d 228", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_408/0228_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54b624beb62cdc3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 9560, "end": 9575, "quote": "326 F.Supp. 397", "context": "ll Telephone and Telegraph Company, 408 F.2d 228 (CA5, 1969); Gates v. Georgia-Pacific Corporation, 326 F.Supp. 397 (D.C.D.Or.1970). Once the plaintiff has made out his prima facie case we look to the defendant for ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "326 F. Supp. 397", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_326/0397_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d58b9a530321d999", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 10645, "end": 10652, "quote": "the Act", "context": "y.\nWhile these statistics by themselves would perhaps support a finding that defendant had violated the Act, see Par-ham v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Company, 433 F.2d 421 (CA8, 1970) the Secretary did not", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c66a84d21d6c9532", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 10706, "end": 10718, "quote": "433 F.2d 421", "context": " a finding that defendant had violated the Act, see Par-ham v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Company, 433 F.2d 421 (CA8, 1970) the Secretary did not rest his case on statistics alone. At trial he introduced evidenc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "433 F.2d 421", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_433/0421_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1edb4e2cd15ba93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 12074, "end": 12080, "quote": "supra.", "context": "th respect to the job of teller, because of her age. Parham v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Company, supra.\nAdding to this circumstance the fact that defendant’s representative wrote “too old for teller” on ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40250d2e4279898e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 12390, "end": 12403, "quote": "440 F.2d 1157", "context": "of age discrimination against Mrs. Hall. See Marquez v. Omaha District Sales Office, Ford Division, 440 F.2d 1157 (CA8, 1971); Gates v. Georgia-Pacific Corporation, supra. That being so, the burden shifted to the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "440 F.2d 1157", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_440/1157_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7bb92cb01c7c239c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 12455, "end": 12461, "quote": "supra.", "context": "trict Sales Office, Ford Division, 440 F.2d 1157 (CA8, 1971); Gates v. Georgia-Pacific Corporation, supra. That being so, the burden shifted to the defendant to show that it had good and sufficient reasons,", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "326 F. Supp. 397", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_326/0397_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b3b6f9decaf8dbdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 14820, "end": 14825, "quote": "§§ 18", "context": " of words or deeds which objectively manifest the expression of assent. See 17 Am.Jur.2d, Contracts §§ 18, 19, 20 (1964). That Mrs. Hall did not “dissent” from Mr. Bunsfield’s opinion that she was physical", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ecbb48fe62750181", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 17533, "end": 17545, "quote": "Section 4(a)", "context": " we conclude that Mrs. Hall was not hired as a teller because of her age. This being a violation of Section 4(a) (1) of the Act, she is entitled to relief. The trial court’s denial of an injunction restraining de", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "667401854e2a00b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 17553, "end": 17560, "quote": "the Act", "context": "s. Hall was not hired as a teller because of her age. This being a violation of Section 4(a) (1) of the Act, she is entitled to relief. The trial court’s denial of an injunction restraining defendant from wi", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1962253b5bd3d5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 17970, "end": 17979, "quote": "Section 4", "context": " having found discrimination in the hiring of tellers, enjoined defendant from future violations of Section 4 of the Age Discrimination Act, but only with regard to the hiring of tellers. In construing the pro", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18a1806b5d06bbbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 18144, "end": 18154, "quote": "Section 17", "context": "g of tellers. In construing the propriety of this order we look for guidance to cases arising under Section 17 of the Fair Labor Standards Act (29 U.S.C. § 217), inasmuch as that section has been incorporated b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05cb0bde0c5ba548", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 18188, "end": 18203, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 217", "context": " this order we look for guidance to cases arising under Section 17 of the Fair Labor Standards Act (29 U.S.C. § 217), inasmuch as that section has been incorporated by reference into the Age Discrimination Act. The ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 217", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07b39d3c6d18aaf6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 18378, "end": 18385, "quote": "the Act", "context": " Discrimination Act. The ground in that area has been well-plowed. We note that once a violation of the Act has been established “the decision whether to issue an injunction against further violations rests ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a0aa54c3ce24010", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 18579, "end": 18591, "quote": "299 F.2d 281", "context": "rests primarily in the discretion — judicial discretion — of the trial court.” Mitchell v. Pidcock, 299 F.2d 281, 286 (CA5,1962). As indicated previously we are in agreement with the trial court’s finding that th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "299 F.2d 281", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_299/0281_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0403dec7657c7984", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 21180, "end": 21187, "quote": "the Act", "context": " to other jobs as well. We do not say that the advertisement itself would constitute a violation of the Act. However, insofar as it suggests that discrimination may have extended beyond the job of teller, we", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "393bada2bf05aa96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 21773, "end": 21785, "quote": "336 F.2d 236", "context": "should not be loathe to issue injunctions of general applicability. See Wirtz v. Ocala Gas Company, 336 F.2d 236 (CA5, 1964). The aim of such an injunction is remedial, not punitive. McComb v. Jacksonville Paper ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "336 F.2d 236", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_336/0236_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "462fc4c6b480120c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 21894, "end": 21906, "quote": "336 U.S. 187", "context": "64). The aim of such an injunction is remedial, not punitive. McComb v. Jacksonville Paper Company, 336 U.S. 187, 69 S.Ct. 497, 93 L.Ed. 599 (1949). As this court said in a Fair Labor Standards Act case, “The inj", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "336 U.S. 187", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d70f323a4069308a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 21908, "end": 21920, "quote": "69 S.Ct. 497", "context": "f such an injunction is remedial, not punitive. McComb v. Jacksonville Paper Company, 336 U.S. 187, 69 S.Ct. 497, 93 L.Ed. 599 (1949). As this court said in a Fair Labor Standards Act case, “The injunctive proces", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 S. Ct. 497", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ad122e000323c54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 21922, "end": 21934, "quote": "93 L.Ed. 599", "context": "nction is remedial, not punitive. McComb v. Jacksonville Paper Company, 336 U.S. 187, 69 S.Ct. 497, 93 L.Ed. 599 (1949). As this court said in a Fair Labor Standards Act case, “The injunctive processes are a mean", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 599", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d18d38c97ddcb869", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 22286, "end": 22291, "quote": "supra", "context": "e law and not begrudgingly as if it were a newly imposed fiat of a presidium.” Mitchell v. Pidcock, supra, 299 F.2d at 287.\nIt is to be noted that an injunction in this type of case is not a burdensome thi", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db157ffe759655a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 22293, "end": 22308, "quote": "299 F.2d at 287", "context": "nd not begrudgingly as if it were a newly imposed fiat of a presidium.” Mitchell v. Pidcock, supra, 299 F.2d at 287.\nIt is to be noted that an injunction in this type of case is not a burdensome thing; it simply req", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "299 F.2d 281", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_299/0281_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f9833fe1dc7680cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 22499, "end": 22506, "quote": "the Act", "context": "imply requires the employer to obey the law. Moreover, it is an effective device for enforcement of the Act. The Labor Department ought not be charged with the responsibility for checking back on past violat", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3302104ad73324b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 22736, "end": 22743, "quote": "the Act", "context": "beying the law. Economy of administrative effort dictates that “after an employer has once violated the Act he should bear his own responsibility for the future.” Goldberg v. Cockrell, 303 F.2d 811, 814 (CA5", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a6cd55090265c91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 22821, "end": 22833, "quote": "303 F.2d 811", "context": " once violated the Act he should bear his own responsibility for the future.” Goldberg v. Cockrell, 303 F.2d 811, 814 (CA5, 1962). Were the injunction in the instant case to be limited to the hiring of tellers th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "303 F.2d 811", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_303/0811_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0d63e052d17827cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 23039, "end": 23046, "quote": "the Act", "context": "rnment would have to maintain its surveillance over defendant in order to insure that violations of the Act in job categories other than teller did not occur. Having once made out a case of unlawful discrimi", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "78448fb84c0be6f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 24374, "end": 24383, "quote": "Section 4", "context": " injunction to be issued by the trial court needs no modification. It simply prohibits violation of Section 4 of the Age Discrimination Act of 1967. This section itself contains the only exclusions from the pr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2ca11bcf27b7734", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 24505, "end": 24512, "quote": "the Act", "context": "tion Act of 1967. This section itself contains the only exclusions from the prohibitory language of the Act. They are contained in subsection (f) (1), relating to “bona fide occupational qualifications” and ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "44a7b9c037e2d894", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25158, "end": 25173, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 621", "context": "ction against future violations as noted herein.\nAffirmed in part, reversed in part and remanded.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621(b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f)", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 621", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/labor/title_29/chapter_14/section_621/title29_sec621_92b60ed0fccb/621_congressional_statement_of_findings_and_purpose_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7745111e4d7fbc6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25184, "end": 25199, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 621", "context": "tions as noted herein.\nAffirmed in part, reversed in part and remanded.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621(b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f).\n. Section 7b of the Act ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 621", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea2daac514f51557", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25194, "end": 25202, "quote": "§ 621(b)", "context": "oted herein.\nAffirmed in part, reversed in part and remanded.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621(b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f).\n. Section 7b of the Act [29", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14e674e2e20505dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25206, "end": 25221, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 631", "context": "\nAffirmed in part, reversed in part and remanded.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621(b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f).\n. Section 7b of the Act [29 U.S.C. § 626 (b) ]", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 631", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/labor/title_29/chapter_14/section_631/title29_sec631_b0e5221ac6e6/631_age_limits_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e16f9dcdd0c621de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25216, "end": 25222, "quote": "§ 631.", "context": "in part, reversed in part and remanded.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621(b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f).\n. Section 7b of the Act [29 U.S.C. § 626 (b) ] ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/labor/title_29/chapter_14/section_631/title29_sec631_b0e5221ac6e6/631_age_limits_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "36887de2a241f779", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25235, "end": 25244, "quote": "§ 2000e-l", "context": "n part and remanded.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621(b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f).\n. Section 7b of the Act [29 U.S.C. § 626 (b) ] provides that “ . . . ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee22b21539716f1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25255, "end": 25270, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 623", "context": "\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621(b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f).\n. Section 7b of the Act [29 U.S.C. § 626 (b) ] provides that “ . . . this chapter shall be enfo", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 623", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb28fab7b622c404", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25265, "end": 25273, "quote": "§ 623(f)", "context": "C. § 621 et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621(b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f).\n. Section 7b of the Act [29 U.S.C. § 626 (b) ] provides that “ . . . this chapter shall be enforce", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "797db7d260636260", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25277, "end": 25287, "quote": "Section 7b", "context": "seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 621(b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f).\n. Section 7b of the Act [29 U.S.C. § 626 (b) ] provides that “ . . . this chapter shall be enforced in accordanc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a1ba512541253b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25291, "end": 25298, "quote": "the Act", "context": "C. § 621(b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f).\n. Section 7b of the Act [29 U.S.C. § 626 (b) ] provides that “ . . . this chapter shall be enforced in accordance with the ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f80666801dd7067", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25300, "end": 25315, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 626", "context": "b).\n. 29 U.S.C. § 631.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-l et seq.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(f).\n. Section 7b of the Act [29 U.S.C. § 626 (b) ] provides that “ . . . this chapter shall be enforced in accordance with the powers, remedies,", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 626", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/labor/title_29/chapter_14/section_626/title29_sec626_62c4aacb9c8d/626_recordkeeping_investigation_and_enforcement_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "0af9605532e01fbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25443, "end": 25458, "quote": "sections 211(b)", "context": " this chapter shall be enforced in accordance with the powers, remedies, and procedures provided in sections 211(b), 216 (except for subsection (a) thereof) and 217 of this title.\n. Id.\n. 29 U.S.C. §§ 216 and 217.\n.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a84a68592106d8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25525, "end": 25528, "quote": "Id.", "context": "dures provided in sections 211(b), 216 (except for subsection (a) thereof) and 217 of this title.\n. Id.\n. 29 U.S.C. §§ 216 and 217.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(a) (1) : “It shall be unlawful for an employer to fai", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf316d2ea1425b7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25531, "end": 25547, "quote": "29 U.S.C. §§ 216", "context": "provided in sections 211(b), 216 (except for subsection (a) thereof) and 217 of this title.\n. Id.\n. 29 U.S.C. §§ 216 and 217.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(a) (1) : “It shall be unlawful for an employer to fail or refuse to hire", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. §§ 216", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/labor/title_29/chapter_8/section_216/title29_sec216_ac5fb954a7e9/216_penalties_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "115e651f96e157fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25559, "end": 25574, "quote": "29 U.S.C. § 623", "context": " 216 (except for subsection (a) thereof) and 217 of this title.\n. Id.\n. 29 U.S.C. §§ 216 and 217.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(a) (1) : “It shall be unlawful for an employer to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any indivi", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 623", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d57f01bb2c8de90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 25569, "end": 25577, "quote": "§ 623(a)", "context": "pt for subsection (a) thereof) and 217 of this title.\n. Id.\n. 29 U.S.C. §§ 216 and 217.\n. 29 U.S.C. § 623(a) (1) : “It shall be unlawful for an employer to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individua", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc11c1c8e4cb8c44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_455/0818_01/index.html", "start": 27193, "end": 27205, "quote": "420 F.2d 648", "context": "legal standards do not fall within the ambit of Rule 52(a). Shultz v. First Victoria National Bank, 420 F.2d 648 (CA5, 1969).\n. A third defense raised at trial was that Mrs. Hall lacked the requisite experience. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "420 F.2d 648", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_420/0648_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb0bf1815fe0a62a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 1080, "end": 1092, "quote": "437 F.2d 728", "context": "strict Court.\nWe believe that this case is controlled by this court’s decision in Whitson v. Finch, 437 F.2d 728 (6th Cir. 1971), and we reverse.\nThe background facts in this record are agreed upon by the parties", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "437 F.2d 728", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_437/0728_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8428f2fd29c37004", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 3778, "end": 3793, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 423", "context": "it appears to us that appellant has made a strong prima facie case of disability under the terms of 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(1)(A) (1970).\n1) His last employer, Continental Motors, forced his retirement on the basis of di", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 423", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_423/title42_sec423_031a700c1b7b/423_disability_insurance_benefit_payments_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "bd1fde92c434090c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 3788, "end": 3802, "quote": "§ 423(d)(1)(A)", "context": " to us that appellant has made a strong prima facie case of disability under the terms of 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(1)(A) (1970).\n1) His last employer, Continental Motors, forced his retirement on the basis of disability ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_423/title42_sec423_031a700c1b7b/423_disability_insurance_benefit_payments_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "24f53d9ec10156c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 7795, "end": 7808, "quote": "437 F. 2d 728", "context": " examining physician never said that appellant was able to go to work at any job. Whitson v. Finch, 437 F. 2d 728, 732 (6th Cir. 1971).\nSee also Colwell v. Gardner, 386 F.2d 56 (6th Cir. 1967); Branham v. Gardner,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "437 F.2d 728", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_437/0728_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f19378c50fc727d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 7860, "end": 7871, "quote": "386 F.2d 56", "context": "work at any job. Whitson v. Finch, 437 F. 2d 728, 732 (6th Cir. 1971).\nSee also Colwell v. Gardner, 386 F.2d 56 (6th Cir. 1967); Branham v. Gardner, 383 F.2d 614 (6th Cir. 1967); Miracle v. Celebrezze, 351 F.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "386 F.2d 56", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_386/0056_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "12c68be23427686a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 7909, "end": 7921, "quote": "383 F.2d 614", "context": " 732 (6th Cir. 1971).\nSee also Colwell v. Gardner, 386 F.2d 56 (6th Cir. 1967); Branham v. Gardner, 383 F.2d 614 (6th Cir. 1967); Miracle v. Celebrezze, 351 F.2d 361 (6th Cir. 1965).\nWe have not overlooked the fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "383 F.2d 614", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_383/0614_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c45e510653cc3ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 7962, "end": 7974, "quote": "351 F.2d 361", "context": "6 F.2d 56 (6th Cir. 1967); Branham v. Gardner, 383 F.2d 614 (6th Cir. 1967); Miracle v. Celebrezze, 351 F.2d 361 (6th Cir. 1965).\nWe have not overlooked the fact that one physician, Dr. Donald R. Eck, an orthoped", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "351 F.2d 361", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_351/0361_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6ad7c015bdda7ffd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 8578, "end": 8589, "quote": "441 F.2d 73", "context": "rimarily relies.\nThe government relies strongly in its argument for affirmance upon Floyd v. Finch, 441 F.2d 73 (6th Cir. 1971). In that case, however, this court’s opinion in reviewing the record found (with on", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "441 F.2d 73", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_441/0073_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "25bd3c763147d015", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 9271, "end": 9282, "quote": "supra at 75", "context": " that his subjective symptoms were far out of proportion to the objective findings. Floyd v. Finch, supra at 75.\nWe find no such evidence in our instant appeal.\nContrary to the view expressed by the dissent in t", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ca569f2807ae78a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 9855, "end": 9873, "quote": "20 C.F.R. 404.1526", "context": "r evidence as to the severity and probable duration of the individual’s impairment or impairments.” 20 C.F.R. 404.1526 (1972). In our view plaintiff’s prima facie case did present such “specific and complete clinical f", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07a7ed56b9f37207", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 10296, "end": 10302, "quote": "supra,", "context": "elating them to the claimant’s residual capacities in the field of employment. In Whitson v. Finch, supra, we made this point as follows:\nAppellant had made a prima facie case. To overcome such a ease with ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "baa50a25e5a572b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 10669, "end": 10674, "quote": "supra", "context": "nd as to what he can do. Anything less is not in our view “substantial evidence.” Whitson v. Finch, supra, 437 F.2d at 732.\nThe judgment of the District Court is reversed and the case is remanded for entry", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7043c7f933c1d3a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 10676, "end": 10691, "quote": "437 F.2d at 732", "context": "o what he can do. Anything less is not in our view “substantial evidence.” Whitson v. Finch, supra, 437 F.2d at 732.\nThe judgment of the District Court is reversed and the case is remanded for entry of an order awar", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "437 F.2d 728", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_437/0728_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "55c78579d7219e17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 11134, "end": 11149, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 423", "context": " has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months ; . . . . 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(1)(A) (1970).\nWILSON, District Judge\n(dissenting).\nAs I read the record in this case, I find wha", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 423", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_423/title42_sec423_031a700c1b7b/423_disability_insurance_benefit_payments_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "65fc925f440351d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 11144, "end": 11158, "quote": "§ 423(d)(1)(A)", "context": "d or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months ; . . . . 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(1)(A) (1970).\nWILSON, District Judge\n(dissenting).\nAs I read the record in this case, I find what I inter", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_423/title42_sec423_031a700c1b7b/423_disability_insurance_benefit_payments_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "18be6848be87a430", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 12420, "end": 12432, "quote": "306 U.S. 292", "context": "al to direct a verdict . . .” National Labor Relations Board v. Columbian Enameling & Stamping Co., 306 U.S. 292, 300, 59 S. Ct. 501, 83 L.Ed. 660 (1939). See also Miracle v. Celebrezze, 351 F.2d 361 (6th Cir. 19", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "306 U.S. 292", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25830f61fdb7f86a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 12439, "end": 12452, "quote": "59 S. Ct. 501", "context": "ict . . .” National Labor Relations Board v. Columbian Enameling & Stamping Co., 306 U.S. 292, 300, 59 S. Ct. 501, 83 L.Ed. 660 (1939). See also Miracle v. Celebrezze, 351 F.2d 361 (6th Cir. 1965). Stated in other", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 S. Ct. 501", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4439813f7b942cea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 12454, "end": 12466, "quote": "83 L.Ed. 660", "context": "onal Labor Relations Board v. Columbian Enameling & Stamping Co., 306 U.S. 292, 300, 59 S. Ct. 501, 83 L.Ed. 660 (1939). See also Miracle v. Celebrezze, 351 F.2d 361 (6th Cir. 1965). Stated in other terms: “Subst", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 L. Ed. 660", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a9babc3326537094", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 12507, "end": 12519, "quote": "351 F.2d 361", "context": "tamping Co., 306 U.S. 292, 300, 59 S. Ct. 501, 83 L.Ed. 660 (1939). See also Miracle v. Celebrezze, 351 F.2d 361 (6th Cir. 1965). Stated in other terms: “Substantial evidence means more than a scintilla; it is su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "351 F.2d 361", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_351/0361_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d29243de68a3748a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 12730, "end": 12742, "quote": "382 F.2d 949", "context": " evidence as a reasonable mind would accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” Combs v. Gardner, 382 F.2d 949 (6th Cir. 1967). Applying either or both of these definitions to the record in this case, I find su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "382 F.2d 949", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_382/0949_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67f20c34513c59bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 14082, "end": 14094, "quote": "437 F.2d 728", "context": "hange and no evidence of a former infarction\nRelying principally upon the case of Whitson v. Finch, 437 F.2d 728 (6th Cir. 1971), the majority opinion, as I read it, would disregard all medical and clinical findi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "437 F.2d 728", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_437/0728_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "33610c57da0cff43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 14845, "end": 14864, "quote": "20 C.F.R. 404.-1526", "context": "t with an applicable regulation duly adopted by the Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare. See 20 C.F.R. 404.-1526, wherein it is provided:\nThe function of deciding whether or not an individual is under a disabilit", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25c015f9aa17005d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 15796, "end": 15808, "quote": "355 U.S. 534", "context": " and valid one. If so, it is binding upon this Court. Public Utilities Commission v. United States, 355 U.S. 534, 78 S.Ct. 446, 2 L.Ed.2d 470, reh. denied 356 U.S. 925, 78 S.Ct. 713, 2 L.Ed. 2d 760; Paul v. Unite", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "355 U.S. 534", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75bc2d7d96fcba7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 15810, "end": 15822, "quote": "78 S.Ct. 446", "context": ". If so, it is binding upon this Court. Public Utilities Commission v. United States, 355 U.S. 534, 78 S.Ct. 446, 2 L.Ed.2d 470, reh. denied 356 U.S. 925, 78 S.Ct. 713, 2 L.Ed. 2d 760; Paul v. United States, 371 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 S. Ct. 446", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4205ebecf2a02f4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 15824, "end": 15837, "quote": "2 L.Ed.2d 470", "context": " binding upon this Court. Public Utilities Commission v. United States, 355 U.S. 534, 78 S.Ct. 446, 2 L.Ed.2d 470, reh. denied 356 U.S. 925, 78 S.Ct. 713, 2 L.Ed. 2d 760; Paul v. United States, 371 U.S. 245, 83 S.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 L. Ed. 2d 470", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86978b19596311e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 15851, "end": 15863, "quote": "356 U.S. 925", "context": "ublic Utilities Commission v. United States, 355 U.S. 534, 78 S.Ct. 446, 2 L.Ed.2d 470, reh. denied 356 U.S. 925, 78 S.Ct. 713, 2 L.Ed. 2d 760; Paul v. United States, 371 U.S. 245, 83 S.Ct. 426, 9 L.Ed.2d 292. If", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "356 U.S. 925", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "861e66bb47e90118", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 15865, "end": 15877, "quote": "78 S.Ct. 713", "context": "s Commission v. United States, 355 U.S. 534, 78 S.Ct. 446, 2 L.Ed.2d 470, reh. denied 356 U.S. 925, 78 S.Ct. 713, 2 L.Ed. 2d 760; Paul v. United States, 371 U.S. 245, 83 S.Ct. 426, 9 L.Ed.2d 292. If this line of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 S. Ct. 713", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d78a7c8cbfcd458", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 15879, "end": 15893, "quote": "2 L.Ed. 2d 760", "context": ". United States, 355 U.S. 534, 78 S.Ct. 446, 2 L.Ed.2d 470, reh. denied 356 U.S. 925, 78 S.Ct. 713, 2 L.Ed. 2d 760; Paul v. United States, 371 U.S. 245, 83 S.Ct. 426, 9 L.Ed.2d 292. If this line of reasoning is val", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 L. Ed. 2d 760", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74910ba9370db901", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 15918, "end": 15930, "quote": "371 U.S. 245", "context": " 446, 2 L.Ed.2d 470, reh. denied 356 U.S. 925, 78 S.Ct. 713, 2 L.Ed. 2d 760; Paul v. United States, 371 U.S. 245, 83 S.Ct. 426, 9 L.Ed.2d 292. If this line of reasoning is valid, as I believe it is, I would confi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "371 U.S. 245", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3faf7496ae9a3bc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 15932, "end": 15944, "quote": "83 S.Ct. 426", "context": "d 470, reh. denied 356 U.S. 925, 78 S.Ct. 713, 2 L.Ed. 2d 760; Paul v. United States, 371 U.S. 245, 83 S.Ct. 426, 9 L.Ed.2d 292. If this line of reasoning is valid, as I believe it is, I would confine Whitson v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S. Ct. 426", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1cc0b940ba211da7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 15946, "end": 15959, "quote": "9 L.Ed.2d 292", "context": "nied 356 U.S. 925, 78 S.Ct. 713, 2 L.Ed. 2d 760; Paul v. United States, 371 U.S. 245, 83 S.Ct. 426, 9 L.Ed.2d 292. If this line of reasoning is valid, as I believe it is, I would confine Whitson v. Finch, supra, t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 L. Ed. 2d 292", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "207cbdce676f3f28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 16051, "end": 16057, "quote": "supra,", "context": "d.2d 292. If this line of reasoning is valid, as I believe it is, I would confine Whitson v. Finch, supra, to the facts of that case and either overrule the rule of evidence therein announced or modify that", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "508485cde4993e22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_480/0652_01/index.html", "start": 16178, "end": 16197, "quote": "20 C.F.R. 404.1526.", "context": " case and either overrule the rule of evidence therein announced or modify that rule to accord with 20 C.F.R. 404.1526. I would also affirm the decision of the District Court in this case as being supported by substanti", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d80debf57da5db22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 101, "end": 117, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "context": "CLARK, Circuit Judge:\nRichard Henry Bryan moved the district court for post conviction relief under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. That court denied his motion without a hearing. A panel of this court previously affirmed the deni", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "045e24d83b8bc636", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 111, "end": 118, "quote": "§ 2255.", "context": "cuit Judge:\nRichard Henry Bryan moved the district court for post conviction relief under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. That court denied his motion without a hearing. A panel of this court previously affirmed the denia", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "dd8557ca3b94796d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 461, "end": 473, "quote": "481 F.2d 272", "context": "tion of whether his plea of guilty to a charge of escape was the product of an unkept plea bargain. 481 F.2d 272 (1973). This court ordered the cause to be reheard en banc and has limited its consideration to the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "481 F.2d 272", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_481/0272_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7a2509681081c13f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 852, "end": 864, "quote": "423 F.2d 127", "context": " a federally insured bank. He was eventually convicted, and this conviction was affirmed on appeal, 423 F.2d 127 (5th Cir. 1970). The government asserts that while awaiting trial he escaped from federal custody a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "423 F.2d 127", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_423/0127_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8696b2df47db4fb2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 6241, "end": 6253, "quote": "411 U.S. 213", "context": " of relief principally upon the basis of the Supreme Court’s holdings in Fontaine v. United States, 411 U.S. 213, 93 S.Ct. 1461, 36 L.Ed.2d 169 (1973), and Machibroda v. United States, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "411 U.S. 213", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6cbc9192f8c4a8a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 6255, "end": 6268, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 1461", "context": "ncipally upon the basis of the Supreme Court’s holdings in Fontaine v. United States, 411 U.S. 213, 93 S.Ct. 1461, 36 L.Ed.2d 169 (1973), and Machibroda v. United States, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 1461", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fee5748ac63e1819", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 6270, "end": 6284, "quote": "36 L.Ed.2d 169", "context": "he basis of the Supreme Court’s holdings in Fontaine v. United States, 411 U.S. 213, 93 S.Ct. 1461, 36 L.Ed.2d 169 (1973), and Machibroda v. United States, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473 (1962) and as th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 L. Ed. 2d 169", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f94a82b7201b624a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 6326, "end": 6338, "quote": "368 U.S. 487", "context": "United States, 411 U.S. 213, 93 S.Ct. 1461, 36 L.Ed.2d 169 (1973), and Machibroda v. United States, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473 (1962) and as those cases applied the language of § 2255 and the ratio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 U.S. 487", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5b2a6adec2c4334", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 6340, "end": 6352, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 510", "context": " 411 U.S. 213, 93 S.Ct. 1461, 36 L.Ed.2d 169 (1973), and Machibroda v. United States, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473 (1962) and as those cases applied the language of § 2255 and the rationale of Santob", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "214c563e6c14d24b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 6354, "end": 6367, "quote": "7 L.Ed.2d 473", "context": " 93 S.Ct. 1461, 36 L.Ed.2d 169 (1973), and Machibroda v. United States, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473 (1962) and as those cases applied the language of § 2255 and the rationale of Santobello v. New Yor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 L. Ed. 2d 473", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6cd41d38c0991009", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 6418, "end": 6424, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "States, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473 (1962) and as those cases applied the language of § 2255 and the rationale of Santobello v. New York, 404 U.S. 257, 92 S.Ct. 495, 30 L.Ed.2d 427 (1971). Its", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4acc91d409e39168", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 6470, "end": 6482, "quote": "404 U.S. 257", "context": "962) and as those cases applied the language of § 2255 and the rationale of Santobello v. New York, 404 U.S. 257, 92 S.Ct. 495, 30 L.Ed.2d 427 (1971). Its opinion reasoned that the files and records in Bryan’s ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "404 U.S. 257", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fea826094d77ea87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 6484, "end": 6496, "quote": "92 S.Ct. 495", "context": "ose cases applied the language of § 2255 and the rationale of Santobello v. New York, 404 U.S. 257, 92 S.Ct. 495, 30 L.Ed.2d 427 (1971). Its opinion reasoned that the files and records in Bryan’s case could not a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 S. Ct. 495", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "78880c0bdedb85aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 6498, "end": 6512, "quote": "30 L.Ed.2d 427", "context": "ied the language of § 2255 and the rationale of Santobello v. New York, 404 U.S. 257, 92 S.Ct. 495, 30 L.Ed.2d 427 (1971). Its opinion reasoned that the files and records in Bryan’s case could not amount to a concl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 L. Ed. 2d 427", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "675ac80ff5698e79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 7648, "end": 7660, "quote": "Section 2255", "context": "broda and Fontaine to determine whether in the allegation versus record setting of Bryan’s case his Section 2255 motion and the files and records of the prior plea and sentencing proceedings conclusively show tha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "adf2dd298217d1db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 8089, "end": 8101, "quote": "Section 2255", "context": "Thus, we must look to the details of those causes which provide our guidance here.\nDavid Fontaine’s Section 2255 motion sought to vacate his plea of guilty, entered without benefit of counsel, on the ground that ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d805d4121a020b57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 9561, "end": 9567, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "vely show” that under no circumstances could the petitioner establish facts warranting relief under § 2255\nJohn Machibroda’s guilty plea was taken before Rule 11 was amended to require a dialogue at sentenc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e1f26ccda82204fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 10097, "end": 10109, "quote": "Section 2255", "context": " twenty-five and fifteen years were imposed. Almost two and one half years later Machibroda filed a Section 2255 motion which asserted that an Assistant United States Attorney, Condon, had visited him in jail at ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f295d5ff8a6436cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 13255, "end": 13267, "quote": "Section 2255", "context": "n the courtroom. All of the material issues raised by Bryan are ones the judge, who was required by Section 2255 to hear the motion, could readily resolve by drawing on his own personal knowledge and recollection", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "875605640d777e1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 16481, "end": 16493, "quote": "Section 2255", "context": "with his plea. Both he and his counsel denied that a bargain was involved “directly or indirectly.” Section 2255 itself proscribes successive motions for similar relief and in the spirit of that bar we hold that ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2367bc0227bb5546", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 17783, "end": 17795, "quote": "377 F.2d 950", "context": "an accused and a prosecutor are consistent with the fair administration of justice.” Brown v. Beto, 377 F.2d 950, 956. In 1971 the Supreme Court in Santobello cemented this view into the law with these words:\nThe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "377 F.2d 950", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_377/0950_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "69df2a8ecd96b4ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 18981, "end": 18993, "quote": "397 U.S. 742", "context": "bilitative prospects of the guilty when they are ultimately imprisoned. See Brady v. United States, 397 U.S. 742, 751-752 [90 S.Ct. 1463, 1470-1471, 25 L.Ed.2d 747] (1970).\n404 U.S. at 260, 261.\nThus, while no pr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "397 U.S. 742", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de5615d894bbebb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 19004, "end": 19017, "quote": "90 S.Ct. 1463", "context": " the guilty when they are ultimately imprisoned. See Brady v. United States, 397 U.S. 742, 751-752 [90 S.Ct. 1463, 1470-1471, 25 L.Ed.2d 747] (1970).\n404 U.S. at 260, 261.\nThus, while no problem can arise from the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 S. Ct. 1463", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d61437fcf45ef47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 19030, "end": 19044, "quote": "25 L.Ed.2d 747", "context": "ultimately imprisoned. See Brady v. United States, 397 U.S. 742, 751-752 [90 S.Ct. 1463, 1470-1471, 25 L.Ed.2d 747] (1970).\n404 U.S. at 260, 261.\nThus, while no problem can arise from the fact of bargaining, the fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 L. Ed. 2d 747", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "526f137cb7b205ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 19054, "end": 19074, "quote": "404 U.S. at 260, 261", "context": "ee Brady v. United States, 397 U.S. 742, 751-752 [90 S.Ct. 1463, 1470-1471, 25 L.Ed.2d 747] (1970).\n404 U.S. at 260, 261.\nThus, while no problem can arise from the fact of bargaining, the failure to insist that the court", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "404 U.S. 257", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba2d84c655ba4228", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 19595, "end": 19607, "quote": "482 F.2d 409", "context": "d by the Third Circuit’s mandate for prophylactic disclosure measures in Paradiso v. United States, 482 F.2d 409, 413 (1973) and by the Fourth Circuit’s requirement in Raines v. United States, 423 F.2d 526, 530 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "482 F.2d 409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_482/0409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "89b2a7cd6aef0eae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 19688, "end": 19700, "quote": "423 F.2d 526", "context": "tates, 482 F.2d 409, 413 (1973) and by the Fourth Circuit’s requirement in Raines v. United States, 423 F.2d 526, 530 (1970), that the district courts in that circuit must add to their Rule 11 procedures a specif", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "423 F.2d 526", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_423/0526_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e552fcc338085c56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 20329, "end": 20342, "quote": "52 F.R.D. 409", "context": "ocedure for the District Courts and the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure, April, 1971 (G.P.O.), 52 F.R.D. 409, 416-431.\nThirty days after the. date of this opinion all district courts in this circuit shall put", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 F.R.D. 409", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09b2a7750c667c45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 21498, "end": 21514, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "context": "hereon, determine the issues and make findings of fact and conclusions of law with respect thereto. 28 U.S.C. § 2255.\n. The panel also relied upon the following cases from this court of similar import: United States ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "f8b9911cdf3c40f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 21508, "end": 21515, "quote": "§ 2255.", "context": "termine the issues and make findings of fact and conclusions of law with respect thereto. 28 U.S.C. § 2255.\n. The panel also relied upon the following cases from this court of similar import: United States v", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "84c7c3e8d0a6f724", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 21624, "end": 21637, "quote": "480 F.2d 1141", "context": "nel also relied upon the following cases from this court of similar import: United States v. Ewing, 480 F.2d 1141 (1973); Johnson v. Beto, 466 F.2d 478 (1972); James v. Smith, 455 F.2d 502 (1972).\n. Bryan’s allega", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "480 F.2d 1141", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_480/1141_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "864a42b794d2efd2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 21663, "end": 21675, "quote": "466 F.2d 478", "context": "s from this court of similar import: United States v. Ewing, 480 F.2d 1141 (1973); Johnson v. Beto, 466 F.2d 478 (1972); James v. Smith, 455 F.2d 502 (1972).\n. Bryan’s allegations as to an altered record of the p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "466 F.2d 478", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_466/0478_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e6e7d2f08221d0d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 21700, "end": 21712, "quote": "455 F.2d 502", "context": "United States v. Ewing, 480 F.2d 1141 (1973); Johnson v. Beto, 466 F.2d 478 (1972); James v. Smith, 455 F.2d 502 (1972).\n. Bryan’s allegations as to an altered record of the proceedings at sentencing are also per", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "455 F.2d 502", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_455/0502_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fcc4882ab612ce2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 22875, "end": 22887, "quote": "Sections 1.5", "context": "ansmitted to the Supreme Court on October 26, 1972. See also Standards Relating to Pleas of Guilty, Sections 1.5 and 3.1-3.4, American Bar Association Project on Minimum Standards for Criminal Justice, Approved D", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "57911f2c81ef2187", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 24207, "end": 24223, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "context": "lea bargain, and I therefore respectfully dissent from Part I of the majority opinion.\nAccording to 28 U.S.C. § 2255 (1970), a court facing a motion to vacate sentence must hold a hearing on the motion “[ujnless the ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7e671a2bff6e15a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 25238, "end": 25244, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "e; the transcript of Bryan’s allocution and sentencing; and Bryan’s own affidavit in support of his § 2255 motion.\nThe transcript of the taking of Bryan’s guilty plea reveals full and careful compliance wit", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c1d2115e3879171", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 25698, "end": 25710, "quote": "411 U.S. 213", "context": "lude later examination into the voluntariness of a guilty plea. In Fontaine v. United States, 1973, 411 U.S. 213, 93 S.Ct. 1461, 36 L.Ed.2d 169, however, the Supreme Court made it clear beyond cavil that under so", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "411 U.S. 213", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e40bf0bb1cde529c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 25712, "end": 25725, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 1461", "context": "mination into the voluntariness of a guilty plea. In Fontaine v. United States, 1973, 411 U.S. 213, 93 S.Ct. 1461, 36 L.Ed.2d 169, however, the Supreme Court made it clear beyond cavil that under some circumstance", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 1461", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df8ee4f4587954a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 25727, "end": 25741, "quote": "36 L.Ed.2d 169", "context": "he voluntariness of a guilty plea. In Fontaine v. United States, 1973, 411 U.S. 213, 93 S.Ct. 1461, 36 L.Ed.2d 169, however, the Supreme Court made it clear beyond cavil that under some circumstances a hearing must", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 L. Ed. 2d 169", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e17f777ca0f9971", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 26189, "end": 26195, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "at a Rule 11 transcript is not always conclusive for the purposes of determining the propriety of a § 2255 hearing — there are three key similarities in the two cases. There, as here, the record reflected c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c09a0d51a517797", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 27044, "end": 27050, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": " fact could infer that no deal was ever made, is not conclusive evidence justifying the denial of a § 2255 hearing. In both Fontaine and Machibroda v. United States, 1962, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f9a506f48288204", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 27116, "end": 27128, "quote": "368 U.S. 487", "context": " justifying the denial of a § 2255 hearing. In both Fontaine and Machibroda v. United States, 1962, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473, the petitioners had voiced no objections at sentencing, yet their sil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 U.S. 487", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93545bb150eac444", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 27130, "end": 27142, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 510", "context": "e denial of a § 2255 hearing. In both Fontaine and Machibroda v. United States, 1962, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473, the petitioners had voiced no objections at sentencing, yet their silence did not f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "937888ec6432eeff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 27144, "end": 27157, "quote": "7 L.Ed.2d 473", "context": "§ 2255 hearing. In both Fontaine and Machibroda v. United States, 1962, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473, the petitioners had voiced no objections at sentencing, yet their silence did not foreclose subseq", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 L. Ed. 2d 473", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "346654367563d18c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 27725, "end": 27737, "quote": "supra note 2", "context": "ment in open court than he would challenge a clergyman’s sermon from the pulpit.\nWalters v. Harris, supra note 2, 460 F.2d at 993, citing Trebach, the Rationing of Justice 159-60 (1964).\nIf, as seems to me indisp", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ef034afdebbfb4fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 27739, "end": 27754, "quote": "460 F.2d at 993", "context": "ourt than he would challenge a clergyman’s sermon from the pulpit.\nWalters v. Harris, supra note 2, 460 F.2d at 993, citing Trebach, the Rationing of Justice 159-60 (1964).\nIf, as seems to me indisputable, the trans", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ae64d01909f2921", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 27993, "end": 27999, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "e sentencing might in some cases be inconclusive for determining whether a hearing is required on a § 2255 motion, the nature of the other documents and papers becomes crucial. A rule requiring something ot", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "796f2e17e644e954", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 28396, "end": 28402, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": " prison life suggest that a per se rule might unreasonably and unnecessarily restrict access to the § 2255 remedy. More important, Machi-broda seems clearly to allow a hearing on the strength of the petitio", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "17d6ee7a1e7ca335", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 28628, "end": 28634, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "t supporting papers.\nTo be sure, in Machibroda the Government filed a memorandum in response to the § 2255 motion, attaching an affidavit in which the assistant U.S. Attorney-accused of making the alleged d", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "173a64659ddc5271", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 29298, "end": 29310, "quote": "423 F.2d 526", "context": "egations justifies silence on the part of the Government. See Raines v. United States, 4 Cir. 1970, 423 F.2d 526, 529. Office efficiency might also, in some cases, justify a failure to respond to every motion fil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "423 F.2d 526", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_423/0526_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "36e8787c412a7263", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 29523, "end": 29529, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "ner. I cannot, however, understand a rule that allows the Government to decide by its silence which § 2255 motions are entitled to an evidentiary hearing; that is a decision the statute places in the hands ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c439d0c937b4fb2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 29890, "end": 29896, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "onent is construed against the party making the allegations, and can think of no reason to do so in § 2255 cases.\nIn Machibroda a controverting affidavit from the one accused of making the bargain was insuf", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d479a1aa973bc838", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 30631, "end": 30637, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "e might be undesirable as a matter of economy of resources, and I do not mean to suggest that every § 2255 motion supported only by the petitioner’s own sworn affidavit merits a full evidentiary hearing. Qu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9847a331a2c7bc44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 30893, "end": 30899, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "ose on already overburdened district courts, the statute itself clearly permits disposition of some § 2255 motions without an evidentiary hearing. Yet I remain convinced that under the statute, whether the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83c6fc558b935290", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 31737, "end": 31752, "quote": "368 U.S. at 495", "context": " a full hearing might not be required in a case of “palpably incredible” allegations by a prisoner. 368 U.S. at 495, 82 S.Ct. at 514, 7 L.Ed.2d at 479. The Court also recognized that since the case involved allegati", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 U.S. 487", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5608308bbcd3240e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 31754, "end": 31769, "quote": "82 S.Ct. at 514", "context": "ight not be required in a case of “palpably incredible” allegations by a prisoner. 368 U.S. at 495, 82 S.Ct. at 514, 7 L.Ed.2d at 479. The Court also recognized that since the case involved allegations that primaril", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df946836c991a878", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 31771, "end": 31787, "quote": "7 L.Ed.2d at 479", "context": "red in a case of “palpably incredible” allegations by a prisoner. 368 U.S. at 495, 82 S.Ct. at 514, 7 L.Ed.2d at 479. The Court also recognized that since the case involved allegations that primarily concerned occurr", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "7 L. Ed. 2d 473", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "57411984c6fe8e93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 32162, "end": 32177, "quote": "368 U.S. at 495", "context": " District Judge could completely resolve by drawing on his own personal knowledge or recollection.” 368 U.S. at 495, 82 S.Ct. at 514, 7 L.Ed.2d at 479.\nThere is no debating that petitioner Bryan’s allegations were b", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 U.S. 487", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4726a322f377e9b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 32179, "end": 32194, "quote": "82 S.Ct. at 514", "context": "ould completely resolve by drawing on his own personal knowledge or recollection.” 368 U.S. at 495, 82 S.Ct. at 514, 7 L.Ed.2d at 479.\nThere is no debating that petitioner Bryan’s allegations were both detailed and ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "658aa22eff967031", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 32196, "end": 32212, "quote": "7 L.Ed.2d at 479", "context": "esolve by drawing on his own personal knowledge or recollection.” 368 U.S. at 495, 82 S.Ct. at 514, 7 L.Ed.2d at 479.\nThere is no debating that petitioner Bryan’s allegations were both detailed and specific, not “vag", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "7 L. Ed. 2d 473", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14fcb8a4d43f72fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 36819, "end": 36825, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "istrict court and the en banc majority — that both have confused the decision on whether to grant a § 2255 hearing with the decision on the merits of the claim for relief. The original panel decided only th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a1703679229307c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 36960, "end": 36966, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "erits of the claim for relief. The original panel decided only that Bryan was, under the mandate of § 2255, entitled to an evidentiary hearing on his claim. Nothing in that opinion was intended to imply tha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c7e51af117e588c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 37566, "end": 37572, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "likely to prevail on the merits is not, to me, a proper consideration in evaluating his right under § 2255 to a hearing on his claim.\nI regard this case as a close one, and one that is very near “to the lin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8681800717b88bac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 37715, "end": 37721, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "ase as a close one, and one that is very near “to the line” described in Machibroda. The command of § 2255, however, is that a hearing is to be granted unless it is “conclusively shown” that no relief is wa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42410cdfc1011dfd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38194, "end": 38201, "quote": "§ 2255.", "context": "vely show’ that under no circumstances could the petitioner establish facts warranting relief under § 2255. ...” 411 U.S. at 215, 93 S.Ct. at 1463, 36 L.Ed.2d at 172. I find myself in the same position in th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c0602a641fe9b67c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38207, "end": 38222, "quote": "411 U.S. at 215", "context": "at under no circumstances could the petitioner establish facts warranting relief under § 2255. ...” 411 U.S. at 215, 93 S.Ct. at 1463, 36 L.Ed.2d at 172. I find myself in the same position in this case.\n. Paradiso v", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "411 U.S. 213", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e9e0b4df2dd203ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38224, "end": 38240, "quote": "93 S.Ct. at 1463", "context": "mstances could the petitioner establish facts warranting relief under § 2255. ...” 411 U.S. at 215, 93 S.Ct. at 1463, 36 L.Ed.2d at 172. I find myself in the same position in this case.\n. Paradiso v. United States, 3", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 1461", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bad4f60779b7ae0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38242, "end": 38259, "quote": "36 L.Ed.2d at 172", "context": " petitioner establish facts warranting relief under § 2255. ...” 411 U.S. at 215, 93 S.Ct. at 1463, 36 L.Ed.2d at 172. I find myself in the same position in this case.\n. Paradiso v. United States, 3 Cir. 1973, 482 F.2", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "36 L. Ed. 2d 169", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76ec381a60b9c25e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38352, "end": 38364, "quote": "482 F.2d 409", "context": " at 172. I find myself in the same position in this case.\n. Paradiso v. United States, 3 Cir. 1973, 482 F.2d 409, 413; Walters v. Harris, 4 Cir. 1972, 460 F.2d 988, 993, cert. denied, Wren v. United States, 409 U", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "482 F.2d 409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_482/0409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4340986994d70fbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38403, "end": 38415, "quote": "460 F.2d 988", "context": " case.\n. Paradiso v. United States, 3 Cir. 1973, 482 F.2d 409, 413; Walters v. Harris, 4 Cir. 1972, 460 F.2d 988, 993, cert. denied, Wren v. United States, 409 U.S. 1129, 93 S.Ct. 947, 35 L.Ed.2d 262. At least tw", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "460 F.2d 988", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_460/0988_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "44b4923d949363e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38459, "end": 38472, "quote": "409 U.S. 1129", "context": "d 409, 413; Walters v. Harris, 4 Cir. 1972, 460 F.2d 988, 993, cert. denied, Wren v. United States, 409 U.S. 1129, 93 S.Ct. 947, 35 L.Ed.2d 262. At least two state supreme courts have also moved in the direction o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "409 U.S. 1129", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52a2d03cddb032e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38474, "end": 38486, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 947", "context": "ters v. Harris, 4 Cir. 1972, 460 F.2d 988, 993, cert. denied, Wren v. United States, 409 U.S. 1129, 93 S.Ct. 947, 35 L.Ed.2d 262. At least two state supreme courts have also moved in the direction oí expanding th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 947", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1bfc203b6f2c133e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38488, "end": 38502, "quote": "35 L.Ed.2d 262", "context": ", 4 Cir. 1972, 460 F.2d 988, 993, cert. denied, Wren v. United States, 409 U.S. 1129, 93 S.Ct. 947, 35 L.Ed.2d 262. At least two state supreme courts have also moved in the direction oí expanding the colloquy invol", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "35 L. Ed. 2d 262", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4ddf17a4810feed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38735, "end": 38740, "quote": "supra", "context": "der to bring into the open the existence and nature of any bargains. See Paradiso v. United States, supra, 482 F.2d at 413 & 413 n. 1, citing People v. West, 3 Cal.3d 595, 91 Cal.Rptr. 385, 477 P.2d 409 (1", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f103422d130abf4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38742, "end": 38754, "quote": "482 F.2d at ", "context": "bring into the open the existence and nature of any bargains. See Paradiso v. United States, supra, 482 F.2d at 413 & 413 n. 1, citing People v. West, 3 Cal.3d 595, 91 Cal.Rptr. 385, 477 P.2d 409 (1970), and Rule", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "482 F.2d 409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_482/0409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3fb2d0ffec62f64c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38793, "end": 38805, "quote": "3 Cal.3d 595", "context": " bargains. See Paradiso v. United States, supra, 482 F.2d at 413 & 413 n. 1, citing People v. West, 3 Cal.3d 595, 91 Cal.Rptr. 385, 477 P.2d 409 (1970), and Rule 319(b), Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal Procedure, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 Cal. 3d 595", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-3d/volume_3/0595_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c92965205dad2c17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38807, "end": 38823, "quote": "91 Cal.Rptr. 385", "context": " Paradiso v. United States, supra, 482 F.2d at 413 & 413 n. 1, citing People v. West, 3 Cal.3d 595, 91 Cal.Rptr. 385, 477 P.2d 409 (1970), and Rule 319(b), Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal Procedure, 19 P.S. Appendix. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Cal. Rptr. 385", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9097d628a7f0cda", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 38825, "end": 38837, "quote": "477 P.2d 409", "context": "d States, supra, 482 F.2d at 413 & 413 n. 1, citing People v. West, 3 Cal.3d 595, 91 Cal.Rptr. 385, 477 P.2d 409 (1970), and Rule 319(b), Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal Procedure, 19 P.S. Appendix. Recently the N", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 P.2d 409", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f911305b14887165", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 39321, "end": 39333, "quote": "368 U.S. 487", "context": "e Standard 3.2, in 14 Crim.L.Rptr. 3001, 3003 (Oct. 31, 1973).\n. Machibroda v. United States, 1962, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473, is also factually distinguishable from the instant case, •since it oc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 U.S. 487", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d79055ebbb954382", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 39335, "end": 39347, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 510", "context": ", in 14 Crim.L.Rptr. 3001, 3003 (Oct. 31, 1973).\n. Machibroda v. United States, 1962, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473, is also factually distinguishable from the instant case, •since it occurred before ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be346704a0b8f4db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 39349, "end": 39362, "quote": "7 L.Ed.2d 473", "context": ".Rptr. 3001, 3003 (Oct. 31, 1973).\n. Machibroda v. United States, 1962, 368 U.S. 487, 82 S.Ct. 510, 7 L.Ed.2d 473, is also factually distinguishable from the instant case, •since it occurred before the 1966 amendm", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 L. Ed. 2d 473", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c020e1f72df36e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 39965, "end": 39980, "quote": "368 U.S. at 500", "context": "er to challenge both the voluntariness of the plea and the truth of his own initial statements. See 368 U.S. at 500, 82 S.Ct. at 516, 7 L.Ed.2d at 482 (Clark, J., dissenting); United States v. Machibroda, N.D.Ohio, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 U.S. 487", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3423c15c6b5496a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 39982, "end": 39997, "quote": "82 S.Ct. at 516", "context": "oth the voluntariness of the plea and the truth of his own initial statements. See 368 U.S. at 500, 82 S.Ct. at 516, 7 L.Ed.2d at 482 (Clark, J., dissenting); United States v. Machibroda, N.D.Ohio, 1959, 184 F.Supp.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a62724ca10719f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 39999, "end": 40015, "quote": "7 L.Ed.2d at 482", "context": "ness of the plea and the truth of his own initial statements. See 368 U.S. at 500, 82 S.Ct. at 516, 7 L.Ed.2d at 482 (Clark, J., dissenting); United States v. Machibroda, N.D.Ohio, 1959, 184 F.Supp. 881, 885. In Walt", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "7 L. Ed. 2d 473", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8681a7b6faa6fc77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 40086, "end": 40101, "quote": "184 F.Supp. 881", "context": ".Ct. at 516, 7 L.Ed.2d at 482 (Clark, J., dissenting); United States v. Machibroda, N.D.Ohio, 1959, 184 F.Supp. 881, 885. In Walters v. Harris, 4 Cir. 1972, 460 F.2d 988, 993, cert. denied, Wren v. United States, 40", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "184 F. Supp. 881", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_184/0881_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "90613165480a0251", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 40143, "end": 40155, "quote": "460 F.2d 988", "context": "ited States v. Machibroda, N.D.Ohio, 1959, 184 F.Supp. 881, 885. In Walters v. Harris, 4 Cir. 1972, 460 F.2d 988, 993, cert. denied, Wren v. United States, 409 U.S. 1129, 93 S.Ct. 947, 35 L.Ed.2d 262, the Fourth ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "460 F.2d 988", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_460/0988_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f6be57ae61320b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 40199, "end": 40212, "quote": "409 U.S. 1129", "context": "81, 885. In Walters v. Harris, 4 Cir. 1972, 460 F.2d 988, 993, cert. denied, Wren v. United States, 409 U.S. 1129, 93 S.Ct. 947, 35 L.Ed.2d 262, the Fourth Circuit refused to make a full Rule 11 transcript, includ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "409 U.S. 1129", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f66b538e04487895", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 40214, "end": 40226, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 947", "context": "ters v. Harris, 4 Cir. 1972, 460 F.2d 988, 993, cert. denied, Wren v. United States, 409 U.S. 1129, 93 S.Ct. 947, 35 L.Ed.2d 262, the Fourth Circuit refused to make a full Rule 11 transcript, including explicit d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 947", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc3af495b681e024", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 40228, "end": 40242, "quote": "35 L.Ed.2d 262", "context": ", 4 Cir. 1972, 460 F.2d 988, 993, cert. denied, Wren v. United States, 409 U.S. 1129, 93 S.Ct. 947, 35 L.Ed.2d 262, the Fourth Circuit refused to make a full Rule 11 transcript, including explicit denials by the de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "35 L. Ed. 2d 262", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "789b3ebd99708c3b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 40525, "end": 40543, "quote": "141 U.S.App.D.C. 8", "context": "urred for the purpose of granting a hearing on the claim.\n. Accord, United States v. Simpson, 1970, 141 U.S.App.D.C. 8, 436 F.2d 162, 165-166. Of course Bryan’s claim that part of the record was cut off doubtless falls", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "141 U.S. App. D.C. 8", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07c0a30256bf9ef4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 40545, "end": 40557, "quote": "436 F.2d 162", "context": "e of granting a hearing on the claim.\n. Accord, United States v. Simpson, 1970, 141 U.S.App.D.C. 8, 436 F.2d 162, 165-166. Of course Bryan’s claim that part of the record was cut off doubtless falls close to the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "436 F.2d 162", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_436/0162_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "343cc610ebed7777", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 41319, "end": 41335, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "context": "tertain and determine such motion without requiring the production of the prisoner at the hearing.” 28 U.S.C. § 2255 (1970). Nothing in the original panel opinion in this case would have prevented the district court ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "20798afe2b0d9ed8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 41577, "end": 41590, "quote": "supra, note 2", "context": " case that could be decided without requiring the presence of Bryan himself. See Walters v. Harris, supra, note 2, 460 F.2d at 992-993; Raines v. United States, supra, 423 F.2d at 529-531.\n. The original panel did", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "460 F.2d 988", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_460/0988_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4cff871a15a22a90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 41592, "end": 41611, "quote": "460 F.2d at 992-993", "context": "d be decided without requiring the presence of Bryan himself. See Walters v. Harris, supra, note 2, 460 F.2d at 992-993; Raines v. United States, supra, 423 F.2d at 529-531.\n. The original panel did suggest that since B", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "460 F.2d 988", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_460/0988_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f05c6af6790df08a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 41638, "end": 41643, "quote": "supra", "context": " Bryan himself. See Walters v. Harris, supra, note 2, 460 F.2d at 992-993; Raines v. United States, supra, 423 F.2d at 529-531.\n. The original panel did suggest that since Bryan alleged that the trial judg", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95f9e8ce384ca4fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 41645, "end": 41664, "quote": "423 F.2d at 529-531", "context": "himself. See Walters v. Harris, supra, note 2, 460 F.2d at 992-993; Raines v. United States, supra, 423 F.2d at 529-531.\n. The original panel did suggest that since Bryan alleged that the trial judge was a party to the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "423 F.2d 526", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_423/0526_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "900a3d24102b8460", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 42097, "end": 42115, "quote": "141 U.S.App.D.C. 8", "context": "ance of justice a different judge should conduct the hearing.\n. See United States v. Simpson, 1970, 141 U.S.App.D.C. 8, 436 F.2d 162, 164-166.\n. The ABA’s report only reaffirmed what other observers had discovered and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "141 U.S. App. D.C. 8", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f82504eafc7d83f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 42117, "end": 42129, "quote": "436 F.2d 162", "context": "fferent judge should conduct the hearing.\n. See United States v. Simpson, 1970, 141 U.S.App.D.C. 8, 436 F.2d 162, 164-166.\n. The ABA’s report only reaffirmed what other observers had discovered and reported. Acco", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "436 F.2d 162", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_436/0162_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3187cc17b933303a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 43094, "end": 43099, "quote": "supra", "context": "stration of Justice, Task Force Report: the Courts App. A at 111 (1967).\n. Raines v. United States, supra, 423 F.2d at 532 (Sobeloff, J., concurring and dissenting).\n", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b209cc4a9a67754b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_492/0775_01/index.html", "start": 43101, "end": 43116, "quote": "423 F.2d at 532", "context": "n of Justice, Task Force Report: the Courts App. A at 111 (1967).\n. Raines v. United States, supra, 423 F.2d at 532 (Sobeloff, J., concurring and dissenting).\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "423 F.2d 526", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_423/0526_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "91ba515d429acacc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_541/0830_01/index.html", "start": 1735, "end": 1747, "quote": "338 F.2d 949", "context": "the clearly erroneous principle stated in Rule 52(a), FRCivP. Williams v. Kaag Manufacturers, Inc., 338 F.2d 949, 951 (CA9 1964). The question of infringement is dependent upon whether an ordinary reasonable pers", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "338 F.2d 949", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_338/0949_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "81498e8fe2b4408b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_541/0830_01/index.html", "start": 2002, "end": 2015, "quote": "429 F.2d 1106", "context": "r would consider them dissimilar by reasonable observation. Roth Greeting Cards v. United Card Co., 429 F.2d 1106, 1110 (CA9 1970); Kaag Manufacturers, p. 951. Although concerned with a trademark, rather than a co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "429 F.2d 1106", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_429/1106_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa8894f199384c96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_541/0830_01/index.html", "start": 2190, "end": 2202, "quote": "523 F.2d 187", "context": "ademark, rather than a copyright, the case of J. B. Williams Co., Inc. v. Le Conté Cosmetics, Inc., 523 F.2d 187, 191, fns. 4, 5 (CA9 1975), cert. denied 424 U.S. 913, 96 S.Ct. 1110, 47 L.Ed.2d 317 (1976), by ana", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "523 F.2d 187", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_523/0187_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6c55eb579321dc6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_541/0830_01/index.html", "start": 2244, "end": 2256, "quote": "424 U.S. 913", "context": "lliams Co., Inc. v. Le Conté Cosmetics, Inc., 523 F.2d 187, 191, fns. 4, 5 (CA9 1975), cert. denied 424 U.S. 913, 96 S.Ct. 1110, 47 L.Ed.2d 317 (1976), by analogy, firmly supports the views expressed in Kaag Manu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "424 U.S. 913", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8be75127b4c408e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_541/0830_01/index.html", "start": 2258, "end": 2271, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 1110", "context": "c. v. Le Conté Cosmetics, Inc., 523 F.2d 187, 191, fns. 4, 5 (CA9 1975), cert. denied 424 U.S. 913, 96 S.Ct. 1110, 47 L.Ed.2d 317 (1976), by analogy, firmly supports the views expressed in Kaag Manufacturers. We c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 1110", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e18b16bc63594c0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_541/0830_01/index.html", "start": 2273, "end": 2287, "quote": "47 L.Ed.2d 317", "context": "Cosmetics, Inc., 523 F.2d 187, 191, fns. 4, 5 (CA9 1975), cert. denied 424 U.S. 913, 96 S.Ct. 1110, 47 L.Ed.2d 317 (1976), by analogy, firmly supports the views expressed in Kaag Manufacturers. We cannot say as a m", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 L. Ed. 2d 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ddf8fba49198c0ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_541/0830_01/index.html", "start": 2529, "end": 2541, "quote": "149 F.2d 202", "context": "similarity between the two labels.\nAn analysis of the facts in Christianson v. West Publishing Co., 149 F.2d 202 (CA9 1945), relied upon by appellees, reveals that there was little, if any, similarity between the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "149 F.2d 202", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_149/0202_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1af042718e83414", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_541/0830_01/index.html", "start": 2967, "end": 2977, "quote": "Id. at 204", "context": "lant and then went on to observe: “It is apparent that appellee did not copy appellant’s map, . . ” Id. at 204. No such dissimilarity appears in the labels before us. In any event, we are governed by our circui", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "149 F.2d 202", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_149/0202_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2e5a7cc62b57b366", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 309, "end": 323, "quote": "54 Ala.App. 15", "context": "risonment. Her conviction was affirmed by the Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals, Barfield v. State, 54 Ala.App. 15, 304 So.2d 257 (1974), after which she sought relief in the district court. The primary question to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 Ala. App. 15", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f8bcfc77b7fa837", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 325, "end": 338, "quote": "304 So.2d 257", "context": "onviction was affirmed by the Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals, Barfield v. State, 54 Ala.App. 15, 304 So.2d 257 (1974), after which she sought relief in the district court. The primary question to be decided by ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "304 So. 2d 257", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f676731d505d246b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 598, "end": 610, "quote": "384 U.S. 436", "context": "bama police officer constituted “custodial interrogation” within the meaning of Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966). We conclude that she was not the subject of such an interrog", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "384 U.S. 436", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4893989e231de9d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 612, "end": 625, "quote": "86 S.Ct. 1602", "context": "ficer constituted “custodial interrogation” within the meaning of Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966). We conclude that she was not the subject of such an interrogation and, ther", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 S. Ct. 1602", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a33fbba3bae2169", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 627, "end": 641, "quote": "16 L.Ed.2d 694", "context": "ed “custodial interrogation” within the meaning of Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966). We conclude that she was not the subject of such an interrogation and, therefore, the order", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 L. Ed. 2d 694", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80cd34ba985d344b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 861, "end": 867, "quote": "supra,", "context": "rt denying her petition for habeas corpus is affirmed.\nBasic to our decision is Miranda v. Arizona, supra, in which Chief Justice Warren defined the threshold requirement of custodial interrogation as “ques", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30d1a64ed74cd3ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 1128, "end": 1143, "quote": "384 U.S. at 444", "context": "has been taken into custody or otherwise deprived of his freedom of action in any significant way.” 384 U.S. at 444, 86 S.Ct. at 1612, 16 L.Ed.2d at 706 (emphasis added) (footnote omitted). Courts and commentators h", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "384 U.S. 436", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09075b172aa19c3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 1145, "end": 1161, "quote": "86 S.Ct. at 1612", "context": "to custody or otherwise deprived of his freedom of action in any significant way.” 384 U.S. at 444, 86 S.Ct. at 1612, 16 L.Ed.2d at 706 (emphasis added) (footnote omitted). Courts and commentators have probed every n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "86 S. Ct. 1602", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5faf49fe902141b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 1163, "end": 1180, "quote": "16 L.Ed.2d at 706", "context": "rwise deprived of his freedom of action in any significant way.” 384 U.S. at 444, 86 S.Ct. at 1612, 16 L.Ed.2d at 706 (emphasis added) (footnote omitted). Courts and commentators have probed every nuance of the above-", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "16 L. Ed. 2d 694", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3a62d75007390d68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 6555, "end": 6561, "quote": "supra.", "context": "d by the Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals in a thorough and exhaustive opinion. Barfield v. State, supra.\nThe decision in this case was delayed pending the Supreme Court’s opinion in Brewer v. Williams, - ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "411b58b0481af98b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 6669, "end": 6682, "quote": "97 S.Ct. 1232", "context": "ision in this case was delayed pending the Supreme Court’s opinion in Brewer v. Williams, - U.S. -, 97 S.Ct. 1232, 51 L.Ed.2d 424 (1977). In the interim, however, the Court rendered a per curiam opinion in Oregon ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 1232", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a7f8c3d612c82b75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 6684, "end": 6698, "quote": "51 L.Ed.2d 424", "context": "ase was delayed pending the Supreme Court’s opinion in Brewer v. Williams, - U.S. -, 97 S.Ct. 1232, 51 L.Ed.2d 424 (1977). In the interim, however, the Court rendered a per curiam opinion in Oregon v. Mathiason, - ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 L. Ed. 2d 424", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82bb39349cea901c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 6806, "end": 6818, "quote": "97 S.Ct. 711", "context": " In the interim, however, the Court rendered a per curiam opinion in Oregon v. Mathiason, - U.S. -, 97 S.Ct. 711, 50 L.Ed.2d 714 (1977). The facts presented in Mathiason are strikingly similar to the facts in the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 711", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c6bb3a77a46a0d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 6820, "end": 6834, "quote": "50 L.Ed.2d 714", "context": "m, however, the Court rendered a per curiam opinion in Oregon v. Mathiason, - U.S. -, 97 S.Ct. 711, 50 L.Ed.2d 714 (1977). The facts presented in Mathiason are strikingly similar to the facts in the instant case an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 L. Ed. 2d 714", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "742174e9619fdc14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 9458, "end": 9473, "quote": "97 S.Ct. at 714", "context": "ronment to which Miranda by its terms was made applicable, and to which it is limited.\n- U.S. at -, 97 S.Ct. at 714, 50 L.Ed.2d at 719 (emphasis in original). In light of the foregoing, we are not persuaded that Bar", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc72c3d47202f6d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 9475, "end": 9492, "quote": "50 L.Ed.2d at 719", "context": "Miranda by its terms was made applicable, and to which it is limited.\n- U.S. at -, 97 S.Ct. at 714, 50 L.Ed.2d at 719 (emphasis in original). In light of the foregoing, we are not persuaded that Barfield was “in custo", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "50 L. Ed. 2d 714", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48f3286c4053f495", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 10163, "end": 10175, "quote": "549 F.2d 348", "context": "ffice seems more in the nature of a precatory request than a command. See United States v. Brunson, 549 F.2d 348, 357 nn. 12 & 13 (5th Cir. 1977).\nRelying on Brown v. Beto, 468 F.2d 1284 (5th Cir. 1972), and othe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "549 F.2d 348", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_549/0348_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8cd411e734dd5187", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 10236, "end": 10249, "quote": "468 F.2d 1284", "context": " United States v. Brunson, 549 F.2d 348, 357 nn. 12 & 13 (5th Cir. 1977).\nRelying on Brown v. Beto, 468 F.2d 1284 (5th Cir. 1972), and other authority from this circuit, Barfield claims that her first confession w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "468 F.2d 1284", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_468/1284_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "39a50c786a0707b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 10745, "end": 10757, "quote": "97 S.Ct. 711", "context": ". . because the questioned person is one whom the police suspect. Oregon v. Mathiason, - U.S. -, -, 97 S.Ct. 711, 714, 50 L.Ed.2d 714, 719 (1977).\nAFFIRMED.\n. Compare e. g., Orozco v. Texas, 394 U.S. 324, 89 S.Ct", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 711", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9cdb046a3f970d97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 10764, "end": 10778, "quote": "50 L.Ed.2d 714", "context": "stioned person is one whom the police suspect. Oregon v. Mathiason, - U.S. -, -, 97 S.Ct. 711, 714, 50 L.Ed.2d 714, 719 (1977).\nAFFIRMED.\n. Compare e. g., Orozco v. Texas, 394 U.S. 324, 89 S.Ct. 1095, 22 L.Ed.2d 31", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 L. Ed. 2d 714", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0fcf0cf4cd1cc39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 10836, "end": 10848, "quote": "394 U.S. 324", "context": "S. -, -, 97 S.Ct. 711, 714, 50 L.Ed.2d 714, 719 (1977).\nAFFIRMED.\n. Compare e. g., Orozco v. Texas, 394 U.S. 324, 89 S.Ct. 1095, 22 L.Ed.2d 311 (1969) (Miranda applicable to early-morning boarding house bedroom q", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "394 U.S. 324", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb3a64c304b800f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 10850, "end": 10863, "quote": "89 S.Ct. 1095", "context": "Ct. 711, 714, 50 L.Ed.2d 714, 719 (1977).\nAFFIRMED.\n. Compare e. g., Orozco v. Texas, 394 U.S. 324, 89 S.Ct. 1095, 22 L.Ed.2d 311 (1969) (Miranda applicable to early-morning boarding house bedroom questioning) wit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 S. Ct. 1095", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2319030bcb3794a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 10865, "end": 10879, "quote": "22 L.Ed.2d 311", "context": "0 L.Ed.2d 714, 719 (1977).\nAFFIRMED.\n. Compare e. g., Orozco v. Texas, 394 U.S. 324, 89 S.Ct. 1095, 22 L.Ed.2d 311 (1969) (Miranda applicable to early-morning boarding house bedroom questioning) with Oregon v. Math", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 L. Ed. 2d 311", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f1e7d436c5b0fe1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 10996, "end": 11008, "quote": "97 S.Ct. 711", "context": "applicable to early-morning boarding house bedroom questioning) with Oregon v. Mathiason, - U.S. -, 97 S.Ct. 711, 50 L.Ed.2d 714 (1977) (Miranda not applicable when defendant voluntarily went to station house) an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 711", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3cb0cd2cad9d896e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 11010, "end": 11024, "quote": "50 L.Ed.2d 714", "context": "early-morning boarding house bedroom questioning) with Oregon v. Mathiason, - U.S. -, 97 S.Ct. 711, 50 L.Ed.2d 714 (1977) (Miranda not applicable when defendant voluntarily went to station house) and Freije v. Unit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 L. Ed. 2d 714", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1791adc1e6239577", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 11135, "end": 11147, "quote": "408 F.2d 100", "context": "randa not applicable when defendant voluntarily went to station house) and Freije v. United States, 408 F.2d 100 (1st Cir. 1969) (voluntary interview).\n. Record on Appeal to Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals, pp.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "408 F.2d 100", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_408/0100_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f8716d24cf823a29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 14054, "end": 14066, "quote": "549 P.2d 673", "context": "ake the stand either at the hearing on the motion to suppress or at the trial.” State v. Mathiason, 549 P.2d 673, 674 (1976).\nThe Supreme Court of Oregon reasoned from these facts that:\n“We hold the interrogation", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "549 P.2d 673", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "acc5f01614aa614a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 14651, "end": 14661, "quote": "Id. at 675", "context": "at the defendant came to the office in response to a request and was told he was not under arrest.” Id. at 675.\n. The Court noted that this false statement by the police to Mathiason was of no consequence in de", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "549 P.2d 673", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23ee5fb10f51ed14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 14858, "end": 14870, "quote": "97 S.Ct. 711", "context": " determining whether there was in fact a custodial interrogation. Oregon v. Mathiason, - U.S. -, -, 97 S.Ct. 711, 713, 50 L.Ed.2d 714, 719 (1977).\n. The State contends that prior to her arrest Barfield was never ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 711", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f73a7da471a9cd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1114_01/index.html", "start": 14877, "end": 14891, "quote": "50 L.Ed.2d 714", "context": "r there was in fact a custodial interrogation. Oregon v. Mathiason, - U.S. -, -, 97 S.Ct. 711, 713, 50 L.Ed.2d 714, 719 (1977).\n. The State contends that prior to her arrest Barfield was never “denied the right to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 L. Ed. 2d 714", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b714e9b0dba4db1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 396, "end": 413, "quote": "11 U.S.C.A. § 501", "context": "orporation (Sierra). (On July 7, 1970, Sierra had filed for a Chapter X Reorganization, pursuant to 11 U.S.C.A. § 501, et seq., of the Bankruptcy Act.)\nThe complaint of plaintiffs alleged that Winkler, while serving a", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 501", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b53b00b1b118f654", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 7876, "end": 7892, "quote": "11 U.S.C.A. § 75", "context": "ings and other facts may be helpful. The duties of a trustee in bankruptcy are detailed pursuant to 11 U.S.C.A. § 75. It is provided under § 75a(l) that the trustees “shall (1) collect and reduce to money the propert", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 75", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a037e9baf0437af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 7888, "end": 7893, "quote": "§ 75.", "context": "er facts may be helpful. The duties of a trustee in bankruptcy are detailed pursuant to 11 U.S.C.A. § 75. It is provided under § 75a(l) that the trustees “shall (1) collect and reduce to money the property", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db114bb5b48368e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 7915, "end": 7923, "quote": "§ 75a(l)", "context": "e duties of a trustee in bankruptcy are detailed pursuant to 11 U.S.C.A. § 75. It is provided under § 75a(l) that the trustees “shall (1) collect and reduce to money the property of the estates for which they", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c64e498e2756993", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 8256, "end": 8273, "quote": "11 U.S.C.A. § 501", "context": "f the parties in interest.” A corporate reorganization pursuant to Chapter X of the Bankruptcy Act, 11 U.S.C.A. § 501, et seq., is intended by the Congress to preserve the status quo, thus permitting amicable adjustme", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 501", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b6f5f26edd5594b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 8620, "end": 8632, "quote": "323 U.S. 141", "context": " concern” for all parties in interest. Claridge Apartments Co. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 323 U.S. 141, 65 S.Ct. 172, 89 L.Ed. 139 (1944); Claybrook Drilling Company v. Divaneo, Inc., 336 F.2d 697 (10th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "323 U.S. 141", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ab57f49f3d7ccd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 8634, "end": 8646, "quote": "65 S.Ct. 172", "context": "all parties in interest. Claridge Apartments Co. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 323 U.S. 141, 65 S.Ct. 172, 89 L.Ed. 139 (1944); Claybrook Drilling Company v. Divaneo, Inc., 336 F.2d 697 (10th Cir. 1964). T", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 S. Ct. 172", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59fec343fb0458de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 8648, "end": 8660, "quote": "89 L.Ed. 139", "context": " interest. Claridge Apartments Co. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 323 U.S. 141, 65 S.Ct. 172, 89 L.Ed. 139 (1944); Claybrook Drilling Company v. Divaneo, Inc., 336 F.2d 697 (10th Cir. 1964). The proceeding ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 139", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f208d7c279b9cb4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 8714, "end": 8726, "quote": "336 F.2d 697", "context": "enue, 323 U.S. 141, 65 S.Ct. 172, 89 L.Ed. 139 (1944); Claybrook Drilling Company v. Divaneo, Inc., 336 F.2d 697 (10th Cir. 1964). The proceeding under Chapter X is for purposes of rehabilitating and reorganizing", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "336 F.2d 697", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_336/0697_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "02360e50510c579a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 9027, "end": 9039, "quote": "406 U.S. 416", "context": "n and distribution of its assets is the goal. Caplin v. Marine Midland Grace Trust Co. of New York, 406 U.S. 416, 92 S.Ct. 1678, 32 L.Ed.2d 195 (1972).\nThe trial court found that Winkler acted in a fair and prope", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "406 U.S. 416", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c6834d956734bed5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 9041, "end": 9054, "quote": "92 S.Ct. 1678", "context": "tion of its assets is the goal. Caplin v. Marine Midland Grace Trust Co. of New York, 406 U.S. 416, 92 S.Ct. 1678, 32 L.Ed.2d 195 (1972).\nThe trial court found that Winkler acted in a fair and proper way in marsha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 S. Ct. 1678", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "239f76277ffe646e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 9056, "end": 9070, "quote": "32 L.Ed.2d 195", "context": "ets is the goal. Caplin v. Marine Midland Grace Trust Co. of New York, 406 U.S. 416, 92 S.Ct. 1678, 32 L.Ed.2d 195 (1972).\nThe trial court found that Winkler acted in a fair and proper way in marshalling the assets", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 L. Ed. 2d 195", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e0b699d4673c8a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 9438, "end": 9450, "quote": "492 F.2d 971", "context": " with the turnover proceedings. [R., Vol. III, pp. 86, 87.] In Sherr v. Sierra Trading Corporation, 492 F.2d 971 (10th Cir. 1974), we recognized that the first of Winkler’s compelling duties was that of entering ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "492 F.2d 971", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_492/0971_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4918316b858b3600", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 10378, "end": 10393, "quote": "492 F.2d at 977", "context": "as reimbursement for costs expended in development, completion and production from the leaseholds.” 492 F.2d at 977.\nWhen Winkler was appointed to serve as trustee, he undertook his duties in accordance with the sup", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "492 F.2d 971", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_492/0971_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d21e333b94281323", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 10835, "end": 10852, "quote": "11 U.S.C.A. § 501", "context": ". 42.] In addition to general powers conferred upon the trustee by Chapter X of the Bankruptcy Act, 11 U.S.C.A. § 501, et seq., the Court granted Winkler broad, sweeping, discretionary powers, as trustee. Winkler move", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 501", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52f59437af6c11b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 18759, "end": 18764, "quote": "§ 556", "context": "e acts of the attorney and give him constant supervision,” quoting from Bogert, Trusts and Trustee, § 556 2d ed, (c) because of his knowledge of the oil business, Winkler should have been aware of the need", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f301baa33643ab55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 20101, "end": 20107, "quote": "§§ 606", "context": " at the sole discretion of the Court but instead was demanded by Winkler’s reliance upon 11 U.S.C.A §§ 606, 607 and 6A, Collier on Bankruptcy, pp. 306-307, for the uncontroverted rule that plaintiffs could ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1918116158f359d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 20799, "end": 20805, "quote": "supra.", "context": "iderable flexibility in management decisions. Caplin v. Marine Midland Grace Trust Co. of New York, supra. To effectuate the purpose of Chapter X, it was intended that the Reorganization Court would not be ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bdaa0635273c932d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21167, "end": 21179, "quote": "429 F.2d 671", "context": "of property, title and separate entities may have to give way. In Re Imperial “400” National, Inc., 429 F.2d 671 (3rd Cir. 1970); 11 U.S.C.A. §§ 501, et seq., 511.\nA trustee appointed and serving in a reorganizat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "429 F.2d 671", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_429/0671_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1f95aed8fbddcfc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21197, "end": 21215, "quote": "11 U.S.C.A. §§ 501", "context": "e entities may have to give way. In Re Imperial “400” National, Inc., 429 F.2d 671 (3rd Cir. 1970); 11 U.S.C.A. §§ 501, et seq., 511.\nA trustee appointed and serving in a reorganization proceeding is a fiduciary who ha", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. §§ 501", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "477521aebb06ec5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21379, "end": 21391, "quote": "372 U.S. 633", "context": "ion proceeding is a fiduciary who has an obligation to treat all parties fairly. Wolf v. Weinstein, 372 U.S. 633, 83 S.Ct. 969, 10 L.Ed.2d 33 (1963). The standard applicable to the surcharge of a bankruptcy trust", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 U.S. 633", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8023dd4d66559e0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21393, "end": 21405, "quote": "83 S.Ct. 969", "context": " is a fiduciary who has an obligation to treat all parties fairly. Wolf v. Weinstein, 372 U.S. 633, 83 S.Ct. 969, 10 L.Ed.2d 33 (1963). The standard applicable to the surcharge of a bankruptcy trustee is negligen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S. Ct. 969", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d694052910e17a58", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21407, "end": 21420, "quote": "10 L.Ed.2d 33", "context": "y who has an obligation to treat all parties fairly. Wolf v. Weinstein, 372 U.S. 633, 83 S.Ct. 969, 10 L.Ed.2d 33 (1963). The standard applicable to the surcharge of a bankruptcy trustee is negligence. Mosser v. D", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "10 L. Ed. 2d 33", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3cc828cbcc86a74b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21527, "end": 21539, "quote": "341 U.S. 267", "context": ". The standard applicable to the surcharge of a bankruptcy trustee is negligence. Mosser v. Darrow, 341 U.S. 267, 71 S.Ct. 680, 95 L.Ed. 927 (1951).\nIn Re Johnson, 518 F.2d 246 (10th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 423", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "341 U.S. 267", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80be019e3675d8a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21541, "end": 21553, "quote": "71 S.Ct. 680", "context": " applicable to the surcharge of a bankruptcy trustee is negligence. Mosser v. Darrow, 341 U.S. 267, 71 S.Ct. 680, 95 L.Ed. 927 (1951).\nIn Re Johnson, 518 F.2d 246 (10th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 893, 96 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 S. Ct. 680", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6364af805c1c4c80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21555, "end": 21567, "quote": "95 L.Ed. 927", "context": " the surcharge of a bankruptcy trustee is negligence. Mosser v. Darrow, 341 U.S. 267, 71 S.Ct. 680, 95 L.Ed. 927 (1951).\nIn Re Johnson, 518 F.2d 246 (10th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 893, 96 S.Ct. 191, 46 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 L. Ed. 927", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "242770fceafaa018", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21591, "end": 21603, "quote": "518 F.2d 246", "context": "ee is negligence. Mosser v. Darrow, 341 U.S. 267, 71 S.Ct. 680, 95 L.Ed. 927 (1951).\nIn Re Johnson, 518 F.2d 246 (10th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 893, 96 S.Ct. 191, 46 L.Ed.2d 125 (1975), held that the st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "518 F.2d 246", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_518/0246_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "17d7615740cedf78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21636, "end": 21648, "quote": "423 U.S. 893", "context": "267, 71 S.Ct. 680, 95 L.Ed. 927 (1951).\nIn Re Johnson, 518 F.2d 246 (10th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 893, 96 S.Ct. 191, 46 L.Ed.2d 125 (1975), held that the standard of care for a bankruptcy trustee is th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "423 U.S. 893", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04fb47a20860ee71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21650, "end": 21662, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 191", "context": "680, 95 L.Ed. 927 (1951).\nIn Re Johnson, 518 F.2d 246 (10th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 893, 96 S.Ct. 191, 46 L.Ed.2d 125 (1975), held that the standard of care for a bankruptcy trustee is the exercise of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 191", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4fd49b85b7533496", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 21664, "end": 21678, "quote": "46 L.Ed.2d 125", "context": "927 (1951).\nIn Re Johnson, 518 F.2d 246 (10th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 893, 96 S.Ct. 191, 46 L.Ed.2d 125 (1975), held that the standard of care for a bankruptcy trustee is the exercise of due care, dilige", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 L. Ed. 2d 125", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e0089c539c07553f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 22647, "end": 22654, "quote": "§ 62.03", "context": "e trustee could not be held responsible. In this regard we cited to Collier on Bankruptcy, Vol. 3A, § 62.03, for the proposition that trustees in bankruptcy have a certain margin of discretion which the cour", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ddc3f246e1c956a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 23006, "end": 23011, "quote": "§ 262", "context": " torts made or committed by the trustee or by his authorized agents [Scott on Trusts, Vol. 2, 1939, § 262, pp. 1471-1473; § 264, pp. 1485-1490; § 225.1, pp. 1191-1192; Bogert, Trusts and Trustees, § 731; 1", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6d369a130c1a1901", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 23028, "end": 23033, "quote": "§ 264", "context": "ed by the trustee or by his authorized agents [Scott on Trusts, Vol. 2, 1939, § 262, pp. 1471-1473; § 264, pp. 1485-1490; § 225.1, pp. 1191-1192; Bogert, Trusts and Trustees, § 731; 123 A.L.R. 458; Restate", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "951210b1dbcfcfe2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 23050, "end": 23057, "quote": "§ 225.1", "context": "y his authorized agents [Scott on Trusts, Vol. 2, 1939, § 262, pp. 1471-1473; § 264, pp. 1485-1490; § 225.1, pp. 1191-1192; Bogert, Trusts and Trustees, § 731; 123 A.L.R. 458; Restatement of the Law, Second,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3677d8a59e86882e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 23103, "end": 23108, "quote": "§ 731", "context": "9, § 262, pp. 1471-1473; § 264, pp. 1485-1490; § 225.1, pp. 1191-1192; Bogert, Trusts and Trustees, § 731; 123 A.L.R. 458; Restatement of the Law, Second, Trusts 2d, §§ 261, 262 (1959)], the same rule has ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "385c6d0b2bfc12d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 23110, "end": 23124, "quote": "123 A.L.R. 458", "context": "2, pp. 1471-1473; § 264, pp. 1485-1490; § 225.1, pp. 1191-1192; Bogert, Trusts and Trustees, § 731; 123 A.L.R. 458; Restatement of the Law, Second, Trusts 2d, §§ 261, 262 (1959)], the same rule has not been applied", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 A.L.R. 458", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b447e374cd4def9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 23169, "end": 23175, "quote": "§§ 261", "context": "192; Bogert, Trusts and Trustees, § 731; 123 A.L.R. 458; Restatement of the Law, Second, Trusts 2d, §§ 261, 262 (1959)], the same rule has not been applied to receivers or trustees in bankruptcy who act in ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "894eaf4d8522cbeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 23341, "end": 23353, "quote": "104 U.S. 126", "context": "trustees in bankruptcy who act in good faith and without fault or negligence. In Barton v. Barbour, 104 U.S. 126, 26 L.Ed. 672 (1881), the Court first recognized the above rule. That case dealt with a suit seekin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 U.S. 126", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c3271da1b1073bc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 23355, "end": 23367, "quote": "26 L.Ed. 672", "context": "nkruptcy who act in good faith and without fault or negligence. In Barton v. Barbour, 104 U.S. 126, 26 L.Ed. 672 (1881), the Court first recognized the above rule. That case dealt with a suit seeking to establish", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 L. Ed. 672", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d8764fcc6dc7229", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 24430, "end": 24441, "quote": "59 F.2d 969", "context": "y claim, if allowed, would lie against the receivership estate. See also: Vass v. Conron Bros. Co., 59 F.2d 969 (2nd Cir. 1932).\nWhere the liability to a third person results from the acts of an agent or employe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 F.2d 969", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_59/0969_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c79955340e77dfe7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 24799, "end": 24805, "quote": "§§ 246", "context": "on, he is entitled to indemnity out of the trust estate. Restatement of the Law, Second, Trusts 2d, §§ 246, 247, 248 (1959).\nThis Court observed in Sullivan & Cromwell v. Colorado Fuel & Iron Co., 96 F.2d 2", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d96737e5cc4dfd6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 24896, "end": 24907, "quote": "96 F.2d 219", "context": "d, §§ 246, 247, 248 (1959).\nThis Court observed in Sullivan & Cromwell v. Colorado Fuel & Iron Co., 96 F.2d 219 (10th Cir. 1938), that corporate reorganization proceedings under the Bankruptcy Act involved compl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 F.2d 219", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_96/0219_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "b35c04dbfae855a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 25313, "end": 25328, "quote": "96 F.2d, at 221", "context": " covering a long period of time are required to effect a fair and equitable plan of reorganization.\n96 F.2d, at 221.\nThe question of personal liability of an executor, administrator or other fiduciary from loss resu", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "96 F.2d 219", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_96/0219_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "e4b76493418ee114", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 25722, "end": 25733, "quote": "292 Ky. 351", "context": "reated with indulgence and mistaken judgment is not enough to impose liability. Kaufman v. Kaufman, 292 Ky. 351, 166 S.W.2d 860 (1942); 144 A.L.R. 866. A trustee in bankruptcy is charged with the obligation of g", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "292 Ky. 351", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a372407d94217d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 25735, "end": 25749, "quote": "166 S.W.2d 860", "context": "ndulgence and mistaken judgment is not enough to impose liability. Kaufman v. Kaufman, 292 Ky. 351, 166 S.W.2d 860 (1942); 144 A.L.R. 866. A trustee in bankruptcy is charged with the obligation of gathering the ass", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "166 S.W.2d 860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bcec5646e4dbe8bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 25758, "end": 25772, "quote": "144 A.L.R. 866", "context": "judgment is not enough to impose liability. Kaufman v. Kaufman, 292 Ky. 351, 166 S.W.2d 860 (1942); 144 A.L.R. 866. A trustee in bankruptcy is charged with the obligation of gathering the assets of the bankrupt and", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "144 A.L.R. 866", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89648a3196d5c9be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 25927, "end": 25933, "quote": "supra;", "context": "n of gathering the assets of the bankrupt and to manage the property with diligence. In Re Johnson, supra; Leonard v. Vrooman, 383 F.2d 556 (9th Cir. 1967), cert. denied, 390 U.S. 925, 88 S.Ct. 856, 19 L.Ed", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "518 F.2d 246", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_518/0246_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "95b8862a5853772b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 25954, "end": 25966, "quote": "383 F.2d 556", "context": "f the bankrupt and to manage the property with diligence. In Re Johnson, supra; Leonard v. Vrooman, 383 F.2d 556 (9th Cir. 1967), cert. denied, 390 U.S. 925, 88 S.Ct. 856, 19 L.Ed.2d 985 (1968). We have recognize", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "383 F.2d 556", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_383/0556_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f72c30d8e18f693", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 25998, "end": 26010, "quote": "390 U.S. 925", "context": "th diligence. In Re Johnson, supra; Leonard v. Vrooman, 383 F.2d 556 (9th Cir. 1967), cert. denied, 390 U.S. 925, 88 S.Ct. 856, 19 L.Ed.2d 985 (1968). We have recognized the distinction between corporate reorgani", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "390 U.S. 925", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aed8a065b94f6c47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 26012, "end": 26024, "quote": "88 S.Ct. 856", "context": "In Re Johnson, supra; Leonard v. Vrooman, 383 F.2d 556 (9th Cir. 1967), cert. denied, 390 U.S. 925, 88 S.Ct. 856, 19 L.Ed.2d 985 (1968). We have recognized the distinction between corporate reorganization under C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 856", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a0573c5b8168c67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 26026, "end": 26040, "quote": "19 L.Ed.2d 985", "context": " supra; Leonard v. Vrooman, 383 F.2d 556 (9th Cir. 1967), cert. denied, 390 U.S. 925, 88 S.Ct. 856, 19 L.Ed.2d 985 (1968). We have recognized the distinction between corporate reorganization under Chapter X and “st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 L. Ed. 2d 985", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48d514a4f9c380e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 26196, "end": 26209, "quote": "488 F.2d 1369", "context": "orate reorganization under Chapter X and “straight” bankruptcy in In Re Public Leasing Corporation, 488 F.2d 1369 (10th Cir. 1973):\nThe reorganization petition was not a petition in bankruptcy in the ordinary sens", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 F.2d 1369", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_488/1369_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "24a600001732ef92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 26662, "end": 26679, "quote": "488 F.2d, at 1374", "context": "tinue in business and pay its debts to the extent and in the manner provided by the confirmed plan. 488 F.2d, at 1374.\nMosser v. Darrow, supra, established the rules that a trustee or receiver in bankruptcy is (a) not", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "488 F.2d 1369", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_488/1369_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb7a9a0b8d7f758a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 26699, "end": 26705, "quote": "supra,", "context": "o the extent and in the manner provided by the confirmed plan. 488 F.2d, at 1374.\nMosser v. Darrow, supra, established the rules that a trustee or receiver in bankruptcy is (a) not liable, in any manner, fo", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce1a805bb1f0915e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 27058, "end": 27068, "quote": "234 F. 277", "context": " and (c) liable, in his official capacity, for acts of negligence. We do not read In Re Kuhn Bros., 234 F. 277 (7th Cir. 1916) cited by plaintiffs (Appellants’ Brief, p. 10) for the broad rule that a trustee in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "234 F. 277", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c1eb6d3214c23a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 27271, "end": 27277, "quote": "supra,", "context": "nkruptcy is personally liable, and we disagree with plaintiffs’ interpretation of Mosser v. Darrow, supra, in the same vein. There the court held that a reorganization trustee would not be liable personally", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33b975a15738f189", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 27719, "end": 27735, "quote": "341 U.S., at 272", "context": "se of a willful and deliberate setting up of an interest in employees adverse to that of the trust.\n341 U.S., at 272, 71 S.Ct. at 682.\nThus, a trustee in bankruptcy is not be be held personally liable unless he acts ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "341 U.S. 267", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f58862de3a47303", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 27737, "end": 27752, "quote": "71 S.Ct. at 682", "context": "d deliberate setting up of an interest in employees adverse to that of the trust.\n341 U.S., at 272, 71 S.Ct. at 682.\nThus, a trustee in bankruptcy is not be be held personally liable unless he acts willfully and del", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "71 S. Ct. 680", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea085d042cec950c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28271, "end": 28283, "quote": "474 F.2d 220", "context": "e trustee’s selection and supervision of his agents and employees. Moulded Products, Inc. v. Barry, 474 F.2d 220 (8th Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 412 U.S. 940, 93 S.Ct. 2779, 37 L.Ed.2d 400 (1973); 14 A.L.R. 360; A", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "474 F.2d 220", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_474/0220_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5ff0da2d3179e5a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28315, "end": 28327, "quote": "412 U.S. 940", "context": " agents and employees. Moulded Products, Inc. v. Barry, 474 F.2d 220 (8th Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 412 U.S. 940, 93 S.Ct. 2779, 37 L.Ed.2d 400 (1973); 14 A.L.R. 360; Anno., 123 A.L.R. pp. 463, 464; 9 Am.Jur.2d, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "412 U.S. 940", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c13bdfc602f871d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28329, "end": 28342, "quote": "93 S.Ct. 2779", "context": "ployees. Moulded Products, Inc. v. Barry, 474 F.2d 220 (8th Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 412 U.S. 940, 93 S.Ct. 2779, 37 L.Ed.2d 400 (1973); 14 A.L.R. 360; Anno., 123 A.L.R. pp. 463, 464; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 S. Ct. 2779", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "193aa6a834bcb9bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28344, "end": 28358, "quote": "37 L.Ed.2d 400", "context": "d Products, Inc. v. Barry, 474 F.2d 220 (8th Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 412 U.S. 940, 93 S.Ct. 2779, 37 L.Ed.2d 400 (1973); 14 A.L.R. 360; Anno., 123 A.L.R. pp. 463, 464; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1538; Remington o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "37 L. Ed. 2d 400", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac75a66dfbb3b57b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28367, "end": 28380, "quote": "14 A.L.R. 360", "context": "ry, 474 F.2d 220 (8th Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 412 U.S. 940, 93 S.Ct. 2779, 37 L.Ed.2d 400 (1973); 14 A.L.R. 360; Anno., 123 A.L.R. pp. 463, 464; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1538; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 6, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 A.L.R. 360", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "64dcf82d7bcbeefc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28439, "end": 28445, "quote": "§ 1538", "context": "779, 37 L.Ed.2d 400 (1973); 14 A.L.R. 360; Anno., 123 A.L.R. pp. 463, 464; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1538; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 6, § 2948; Vol. 11, § 4507 (1961). We hold that this record does not", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21046d8d2b29a80a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28480, "end": 28486, "quote": "§ 2948", "context": "; Anno., 123 A.L.R. pp. 463, 464; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1538; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 6, § 2948; Vol. 11, § 4507 (1961). We hold that this record does not evidence any acts by Winkler toward the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab05f4f5d0e6abf0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28497, "end": 28503, "quote": "§ 4507", "context": "R. pp. 463, 464; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1538; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 6, § 2948; Vol. 11, § 4507 (1961). We hold that this record does not evidence any acts by Winkler toward the plaintiffs which ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "927d763c3780a9ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28877, "end": 28889, "quote": "151 Okl. 266", "context": "corporation cannot be held personally liable because they are arms of the court. Riedell v. Stuart, 151 Okl. 266, 2 P.2d 929 (1931); 76 A.L.R. 1469 (1931). We reiterate that the distinction between trustees in ba", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 Okla. 266", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b439861c598630d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28891, "end": 28901, "quote": "2 P.2d 929", "context": "nnot be held personally liable because they are arms of the court. Riedell v. Stuart, 151 Okl. 266, 2 P.2d 929 (1931); 76 A.L.R. 1469 (1931). We reiterate that the distinction between trustees in bankruptcy and", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 P.2d 929", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "adbe06e906d7ab6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 28910, "end": 28924, "quote": "76 A.L.R. 1469", "context": "ally liable because they are arms of the court. Riedell v. Stuart, 151 Okl. 266, 2 P.2d 929 (1931); 76 A.L.R. 1469 (1931). We reiterate that the distinction between trustees in bankruptcy and ordinary trustees or f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 A.L.R. 1469", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bef0b21415be762f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 29170, "end": 29182, "quote": "139 F.2d 595", "context": " based on public policy recognizing the complications of bankruptcy proceedings. Ziegler v. Pitney, 139 F.2d 595 (2d Cir. 1943); Restatement of the Law, Second, Trusts 2d, § 264. Thus, it has been said that “A fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 F.2d 595", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_139/0595_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9885a075676284d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 29242, "end": 29248, "quote": "§ 264.", "context": "eedings. Ziegler v. Pitney, 139 F.2d 595 (2d Cir. 1943); Restatement of the Law, Second, Trusts 2d, § 264. Thus, it has been said that “A fact of bankruptcy life is that the creditor interests and therefore", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e06d97280d79d1e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 29704, "end": 29709, "quote": "§ 855", "context": " trustee . . . [who is] . an experienced bankruptcy attorney.” Cowans, Bankruptcy Law and Practice, § 855, p. 453 (1963); 8B C.J.S. Bankruptcy § 635; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1539. The trustee’s duties d", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f93b7379b2f655f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 29747, "end": 29752, "quote": "§ 635", "context": "nkruptcy attorney.” Cowans, Bankruptcy Law and Practice, § 855, p. 453 (1963); 8B C.J.S. Bankruptcy § 635; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1539. The trustee’s duties do not require him to perform legal services", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b263460aa1434fc8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 29779, "end": 29786, "quote": "§ 1539.", "context": "ruptcy Law and Practice, § 855, p. 453 (1963); 8B C.J.S. Bankruptcy § 635; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1539. The trustee’s duties do not require him to perform legal services. In Re Hamilton Distributors, Inc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "440e68a684fd84c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 29889, "end": 29902, "quote": "440 F.2d 1178", "context": "e trustee’s duties do not require him to perform legal services. In Re Hamilton Distributors, Inc., 440 F.2d 1178 (7th Cir. 1971); In Re Orbit Liquor Store, 439 F.2d 1351 (5th Cir. 1971); Cowans, Bankruptcy Law an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "440 F.2d 1178", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_440/1178_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "72ee944b3f655cdc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 29946, "end": 29959, "quote": "439 F.2d 1351", "context": "rvices. In Re Hamilton Distributors, Inc., 440 F.2d 1178 (7th Cir. 1971); In Re Orbit Liquor Store, 439 F.2d 1351 (5th Cir. 1971); Cowans, Bankruptcy Law and Practice, § 855, 1973 Cum.Supp.\nThere is substantial ev", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "439 F.2d 1351", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_439/1351_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1905cb76bb05d97b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 30014, "end": 30019, "quote": "§ 855", "context": "971); In Re Orbit Liquor Store, 439 F.2d 1351 (5th Cir. 1971); Cowans, Bankruptcy Law and Practice, § 855, 1973 Cum.Supp.\nThere is substantial evidence supporting the factual determinations and/or conclusi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c37ad93ae44a2375", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 32060, "end": 32072, "quote": "505 F.2d 170", "context": "not negligent are not clearly erroneous. Fed.R. Civ.P. rule 52(a), 28 U.S. C.A.; Prisbrey v. Noble, 505 F.2d 170 (10th Cir. 1974); Schafer v. Hammond, 456 F.2d 15 (10th Cir. 1972); 4 Collier on Bankruptcy, § 67.3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "505 F.2d 170", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_505/0170_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fd1c00f9180182a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 32111, "end": 32122, "quote": "456 F.2d 15", "context": ".P. rule 52(a), 28 U.S. C.A.; Prisbrey v. Noble, 505 F.2d 170 (10th Cir. 1974); Schafer v. Hammond, 456 F.2d 15 (10th Cir. 1972); 4 Collier on Bankruptcy, § 67.37 (4th ed. 1971). A trustee may not be held liable", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "456 F.2d 15", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_456/0015_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "553e8dfae480d183", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 32166, "end": 32173, "quote": "§ 67.37", "context": "2d 170 (10th Cir. 1974); Schafer v. Hammond, 456 F.2d 15 (10th Cir. 1972); 4 Collier on Bankruptcy, § 67.37 (4th ed. 1971). A trustee may not be held liable in his official capacity for losses occasioned by ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c57d4b128042cd77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 32463, "end": 32469, "quote": "supra;", "context": "ils to use reasonable care in the conduct of his fiduciary duties. Moulded Products, Inc. v. Barry, supra; In Re Johnson, supra; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 6, § 2948, p. 597; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "474 F.2d 220", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_474/0220_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c401fd3f97e515c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 32485, "end": 32491, "quote": "supra;", "context": "care in the conduct of his fiduciary duties. Moulded Products, Inc. v. Barry, supra; In Re Johnson, supra; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 6, § 2948, p. 597; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1538; Remington on Bank", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "518 F.2d 246", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_518/0246_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ce16846e1dc1bc8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 32525, "end": 32531, "quote": "§ 2948", "context": "ies. Moulded Products, Inc. v. Barry, supra; In Re Johnson, supra; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 6, § 2948, p. 597; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1538; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 11, §§ 4513-4516.\nII.\nIn vi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a86c7b40f2347ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 32566, "end": 32572, "quote": "§ 1538", "context": "ra; In Re Johnson, supra; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 6, § 2948, p. 597; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1538; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 11, §§ 4513-4516.\nII.\nIn view of our disposition of the negligence c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab72fb99f4871549", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 32608, "end": 32621, "quote": "§§ 4513-4516.", "context": "kruptcy, Vol. 6, § 2948, p. 597; 9 Am.Jur.2d, Bankruptcy, § 1538; Remington on Bankruptcy, Vol. 11, §§ 4513-4516.\nII.\nIn view of our disposition of the negligence contentions, we need not belabor the remaining iss", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75860bc7a6833a14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 33262, "end": 33275, "quote": "517 F.2d 1015", "context": "rt may, in its discretion, tax attorneys’ fees as costs. In Re Designaire Modular Home Corporation, 517 F.2d 1015 (3rd Cir. 1975); In Re Carico, 308 F.Supp. 815 (E.D.Va.1970); In Re Swofford, 112 F.Supp. 893 (D.C.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "517 F.2d 1015", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_517/1015_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a6f301ac02e0d7b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 33307, "end": 33322, "quote": "308 F.Supp. 815", "context": "s as costs. In Re Designaire Modular Home Corporation, 517 F.2d 1015 (3rd Cir. 1975); In Re Carico, 308 F.Supp. 815 (E.D.Va.1970); In Re Swofford, 112 F.Supp. 893 (D.C.Minn.1952). Such has been upheld based upon the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "308 F. Supp. 815", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_308/0815_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "47225b18a7dbeefc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 33354, "end": 33369, "quote": "112 F.Supp. 893", "context": "ration, 517 F.2d 1015 (3rd Cir. 1975); In Re Carico, 308 F.Supp. 815 (E.D.Va.1970); In Re Swofford, 112 F.Supp. 893 (D.C.Minn.1952). Such has been upheld based upon the general equity power of the bankruptcy court a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 F. Supp. 893", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_112/0893_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d780092473617b0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 33534, "end": 33535, "quote": "§", "context": "ity power of the bankruptcy court and a broad interpretation of “costs” as set forth in 11 U.S.C.A. § ll(a)(18). The rule in this circuit, however, is that expenses of litigation, with the exception of", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7e0510ff83c62b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 33900, "end": 33912, "quote": "490 F.2d 545", "context": "m or when the injury results from willful or intentional wrongdoing. Misco Leasing, Inc. v. Keller, 490 F.2d 545 (10th Cir. 1974); Wilshire Oil Company of Texas v. Riffe, 409 F.2d 1277 (10th Cir. 1969); 37 A.L.R.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "490 F.2d 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_490/0545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa82ba92746fbc20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 33971, "end": 33984, "quote": "409 F.2d 1277", "context": "sco Leasing, Inc. v. Keller, 490 F.2d 545 (10th Cir. 1974); Wilshire Oil Company of Texas v. Riffe, 409 F.2d 1277 (10th Cir. 1969); 37 A.L.R.3d 1341; Carter Electric Company v. Travelers Indemnity Company, 382 F.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "409 F.2d 1277", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_409/1277_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c28536923b75ac1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 34003, "end": 34019, "quote": "37 A.L.R.3d 1341", "context": " F.2d 545 (10th Cir. 1974); Wilshire Oil Company of Texas v. Riffe, 409 F.2d 1277 (10th Cir. 1969); 37 A.L.R.3d 1341; Carter Electric Company v. Travelers Indemnity Company, 382 F.2d 567 (10th Cir. 1967). The same ru", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "37 A.L.R. 3d 1341", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3d5a8b2a86d8828", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 34077, "end": 34089, "quote": "382 F.2d 567", "context": "2d 1277 (10th Cir. 1969); 37 A.L.R.3d 1341; Carter Electric Company v. Travelers Indemnity Company, 382 F.2d 567 (10th Cir. 1967). The same rule was applied in Colorado. Publix Cab Co. v. Colorado National Bank o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "382 F.2d 567", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_382/0567_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3aa4728ba688b231", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 34199, "end": 34212, "quote": "139 Colo. 205", "context": ". 1967). The same rule was applied in Colorado. Publix Cab Co. v. Colorado National Bank of Denver, 139 Colo. 205, 338 P.2d 702 (1959); 78 A.L. R.2d 198.\nWE AFFIRM.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 Colo. 205", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ed82a74415e157b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_552/1367_01/index.html", "start": 34214, "end": 34226, "quote": "338 P.2d 702", "context": "me rule was applied in Colorado. Publix Cab Co. v. Colorado National Bank of Denver, 139 Colo. 205, 338 P.2d 702 (1959); 78 A.L. R.2d 198.\nWE AFFIRM.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "338 P.2d 702", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "199e52d318216e21", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 20590, "end": 20603, "quote": "528 F.2d 1384", "context": "s, Andersen had an absolute right to the firm’s undivided loyalty. Cinema 5 Ltd. v. Cinerama, Inc., 528 F.2d 1384, 1386 (2d Cir. 1976). However strenuously Morgan Lewis labored to avoid any prejudice to the intere", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "528 F.2d 1384", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_528/1384_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a32a845658c0db62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 21392, "end": 21403, "quote": "Id. at 1386", "context": " — amply demonstrates the wisdom of the admonition in Cinema 5 that “no man can serve two masters.” Id. at 1386.\nAgainst this background, Andersen’s motion to disqualify Meister and his law firm, Milgrim Thomaja", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "528 F.2d 1384", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_528/1384_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0cc5397536876efe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 22306, "end": 22318, "quote": "498 F.2d 587", "context": "an Lewis’s duty to Andersen was tantamount to that of a fiduciary or trustee, see Hafter v. Farkas, 498 F.2d 587, 589 (2d Cir. 1974) Meister’s action must be evaluated in light of the well-established body of law", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "498 F.2d 587", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_498/0587_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "827b01e50505e076", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 22795, "end": 22807, "quote": "431 F.2d 769", "context": "). A case arising in the Ninth Circuit provides an apt illustration of this tenet. Norman v. McKee, 431 F.2d 769- (1970). There, one of the appellees had been general counsel for the corporate appellant and, in t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "431 F.2d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_431/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec4795d89a541a3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 23223, "end": 23233, "quote": "Id. at 772", "context": " to appear through his attorney would be to allow him to do indirectly what he cannot do directly.” Id. at 772.\nThis maxim was again emphasized by us in Hull v. Celanese Corp., 513 F.2d 568, 571 (2d Cir. 1973).", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "431 F.2d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_431/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d36055f86eec3190", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 23300, "end": 23312, "quote": "513 F.2d 568", "context": "e cannot do directly.” Id. at 772.\nThis maxim was again emphasized by us in Hull v. Celanese Corp., 513 F.2d 568, 571 (2d Cir. 1973). We affirmed the disqualification of an unrelated law firm after the district c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "513 F.2d 568", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_513/0568_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "55c8aedd67bda97b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 23618, "end": 23631, "quote": "supra, at 570", "context": " or unconsciously” transmitted some confidence to the previously untainted firm. Hull v. Cel-anese, supra, at 570. While we explicitly placed reliance on Canons 4 and 9 of the Code, the import of our decision was ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c8d2b555e883dd2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 23853, "end": 23865, "quote": "510 F.2d 268", "context": "he indirect breach of “the lawyer’s duty of absolute fidelity Ceramco, Inc. v. Lee Pharmaceuticals, 510 F.2d 268, 271 (2d Cir. 1975).\nThese cases are illuminating in their teaching and the principle they announce", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "510 F.2d 268", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_510/0268_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4426510776fb14cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 25220, "end": 25233, "quote": "supra at 1389", "context": "d by Canon 9. We see this in applying the principle clearly set forth in Cinema 5 v. Cinerama Ltd., supra at 1389. There a lawyer, who was a partner in both a Buffalo and New York law firm, sought, in his capacity", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "528 F.2d 1384", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_528/1384_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3787879e0f7fd78c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 25874, "end": 25886, "quote": "216 F.2d 920", "context": "a lesser capacity, for example, a law clerk. Consolidated Theatres v. Warner Bros. Cir. Man. Corp., 216 F.2d 920, 927 (2d Cir. 1954). And we have never believed that labels alone — partner, clerk, co-counsel — sh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "216 F.2d 920", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_216/0920_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce8f413763bf7b22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 26488, "end": 26494, "quote": "supra;", "context": " of little relevance to this case. See Consolidated Theatres, Inc. v. Warner Bros. Cir. Man. Corp., supra; Akerly v. Red Barn System, Inc., 551 F.2d 539 (3d Cir. 1977); American Can Co. v. Citrus Feed Co., ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "090aba2426a20d10", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 26528, "end": 26540, "quote": "551 F.2d 539", "context": "onsolidated Theatres, Inc. v. Warner Bros. Cir. Man. Corp., supra; Akerly v. Red Barn System, Inc., 551 F.2d 539 (3d Cir. 1977); American Can Co. v. Citrus Feed Co., 436 F.2d 1125 (5th Cir. 1971).\nB.\nThe impropri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "551 F.2d 539", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_551/0539_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d16c1fb04efcbb7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 26594, "end": 26607, "quote": "436 F.2d 1125", "context": " Akerly v. Red Barn System, Inc., 551 F.2d 539 (3d Cir. 1977); American Can Co. v. Citrus Feed Co., 436 F.2d 1125 (5th Cir. 1971).\nB.\nThe impropriety of Meister’s continued representation of the Fund appears with ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "436 F.2d 1125", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_436/1125_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ed1a1436bdaa6733", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 27005, "end": 27020, "quote": "113 F.Supp. 265", "context": "t, starting with a landmark district court opinion in T. C. Theatre Corp. v. Warner Bros. Pictures, 113 F.Supp. 265 (S.D.N.Y.1953). Confronted with a case where a lawyer was seeking to represent a client whose inter", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 F. Supp. 265", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_113/0265_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4b3fc8ce10cfc05d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 27738, "end": 27753, "quote": "supra, at 268-9", "context": "orced and the spirit of the rule . . . be maintained. T. C. Theatre Corp. v. Warner Bros. Pictures, supra, at 268-9.\nThe so-called ‘substantially related’ test in T. C. Theatre has been given form over the years, bo", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "113 F. Supp. 265", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_113/0265_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e9ff25ba88a0e6a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 27955, "end": 27967, "quote": "478 F.2d 562", "context": " in the exclusive context of private practice, see, e. g., Emle Industries, Inc. v. Patentex, Inc., 478 F.2d 562 (2d Cir. 1973); Hull v. Celanese Corp., supra; NCK v. Bregman Ltd., 542 F.2d 128 (2d Cir. 1976), an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "478 F.2d 562", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_478/0562_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f7dc2034df9ddae5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 28008, "end": 28014, "quote": "supra;", "context": ". g., Emle Industries, Inc. v. Patentex, Inc., 478 F.2d 562 (2d Cir. 1973); Hull v. Celanese Corp., supra; NCK v. Bregman Ltd., 542 F.2d 128 (2d Cir. 1976), and in cases involving government attorneys who h", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c6fe15291c5ddace", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 28036, "end": 28048, "quote": "542 F.2d 128", "context": "v. Patentex, Inc., 478 F.2d 562 (2d Cir. 1973); Hull v. Celanese Corp., supra; NCK v. Bregman Ltd., 542 F.2d 128 (2d Cir. 1976), and in cases involving government attorneys who have returned to the private sector", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "542 F.2d 128", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_542/0128_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5df5de4672c4945f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 28196, "end": 28211, "quote": "136 F.Supp. 345", "context": "nt attorneys who have returned to the private sector. See, e. g. United States v. Standard Oil Co., 136 F.Supp. 345 (S.D.N.Y.1955); General Motors Corp. v. City of New York, 501 F.2d 639 (2d Cir. 1974). See generall", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 F. Supp. 345", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_136/0345_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d24a8cf4762a05bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 28270, "end": 28282, "quote": "501 F.2d 639", "context": "ates v. Standard Oil Co., 136 F.Supp. 345 (S.D.N.Y.1955); General Motors Corp. v. City of New York, 501 F.2d 639 (2d Cir. 1974). See generally, Note, The Second Circuit and Attorney Disqualification — Silver Chry", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "501 F.2d 639", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_501/0639_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dd22ae69996a0951", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 29008, "end": 29014, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ainted lawyer client might have transmitted some confidences to the firm. And NCK v. Bregman, Ltd., supra, presents an analogically compelling triangle of conflict. There, the issue was whether a law firm c", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "658cfd064d3d5b5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 29612, "end": 29625, "quote": "supra, at 134", "context": "The presumption of potentially improper disclosure was considered sufficient. NCR v. Bregman, Ltd., supra, at 134.\nThe case before us, of two firms working closely to represent a common client, calls for the same ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "412bf10f6f21b144", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 31493, "end": 31506, "quote": "supra, at 571", "context": "al propriety of a lawyer’s representation in a given case. Emle Industries, Inc. v. Patentex, Inc., supra, at 571.\nIII.\nBeyond the disqualification of Meister and his firm, Andersen sought dismissal of the complai", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3fca4c3ffbcc68a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 31848, "end": 31860, "quote": "531 F.2d 671", "context": "hat either of these severe remedies is warranted under the circumstances.\nIn W. T. Grant v. Haines, 531 F.2d 671 (2d Cir. 1976), we expressly disapproved both the dismissal of the complaint and the suppression of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "531 F.2d 671", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_531/0671_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d71a18367d01435", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 32389, "end": 32402, "quote": "Id. at 676-77", "context": "ins of counsel should not be visited upon his client so as to vitiate the latter’s cause of action. Id. at 676-77.\nIn W. T. Grant, we also emphasized the inappropriateness of suppression as a remedy since it affec", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "531 F.2d 671", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_531/0671_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4411704ada52c817", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 32663, "end": 32673, "quote": "Id. at 677", "context": "to countenance a remedy which will affect the rights of a plaintiff embarked on serious litigation. Id. at 677. Under the circumstances, we agree with Judge Stewart’s decision to deny the ancillary relief.\nIn d", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "531 F.2d 671", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_531/0671_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "db5e5a7e2386d460", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 34483, "end": 34495, "quote": "542 F.2d 128", "context": "roviding appropriate guidelines for proper professional behavior. NCK Organization Ltd. v. Bregman, 542 F.2d 128, 129 n. 2 (2d Cir. 1976).\n. In addition to the disqualification of Meister and his law firm, Milgri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "542 F.2d 128", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_542/0128_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5a42cf1c5b6b4b0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 34806, "end": 34821, "quote": "136 F.Supp. 345", "context": "and Morgan Lewis, and to dismiss the complaint with prejudice.\n. United States v. Standard Oil Co., 136 F.Supp. 345, 367 (S.D.N.Y.1955), recently quoted and applied in Silver Chrysler Plymouth, Inc. v. Chrysler Moto", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 F. Supp. 345", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_136/0345_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8567f4dd01b7b1ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 34931, "end": 34943, "quote": "518 F.2d 751", "context": ".N.Y.1955), recently quoted and applied in Silver Chrysler Plymouth, Inc. v. Chrysler Motors Corp., 518 F.2d 751, 753 (2d Cir. 1975).\n. The complaint alleged King first represented that King Resources Inc. (KRC) ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "518 F.2d 751", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_518/0751_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "05b7768267a83d2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 38628, "end": 38631, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ticipate in any lawsuit against his own client without the knowledge and consent of all concerned.” Id.\n. Relevant to this appeal are:\nEC 5-1: The professional judgment of a lawyer should be exercised, w", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "518 F.2d 751", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_518/0751_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "43daeaed89db83cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 40404, "end": 40417, "quote": "23 N.Y.2d 368", "context": "at he or she must exercise the utmost good faith, honesty, integrity and fidelity. See In Re Kelly, 23 N.Y.2d 368, 296 N.Y.S.2d 937, 244 N.E.2d 456 (1968). For example, an attorney who collects money from a client", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 N.Y.2d 368", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny-2d/volume_23/0368_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1bb10afcd36d5d7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 40419, "end": 40435, "quote": "296 N.Y.S.2d 937", "context": "st exercise the utmost good faith, honesty, integrity and fidelity. See In Re Kelly, 23 N.Y.2d 368, 296 N.Y.S.2d 937, 244 N.E.2d 456 (1968). For example, an attorney who collects money from a client and does not pay ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "296 N.Y.S.2d 937", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "efded2d8af84d1ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 40437, "end": 40451, "quote": "244 N.E.2d 456", "context": "most good faith, honesty, integrity and fidelity. See In Re Kelly, 23 N.Y.2d 368, 296 N.Y.S.2d 937, 244 N.E.2d 456 (1968). For example, an attorney who collects money from a client and does not pay it over ordinari", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "244 N.E.2d 456", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0205ae9f723ce906", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 40637, "end": 40650, "quote": "23 A.D.2d 173", "context": " over ordinarily holds those funds as a trustee rather than as a debtor of his client. In Re Peltz, 23 A.D.2d 173, 259 N.Y.S.2d 522 (1965).\n. Behavior which would contravene Canon 4 can also violate Canon 5. Where", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 A.D.2d 173", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_23/0173_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ef5eff6fe9023eb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 40652, "end": 40668, "quote": "259 N.Y.S.2d 522", "context": "y holds those funds as a trustee rather than as a debtor of his client. In Re Peltz, 23 A.D.2d 173, 259 N.Y.S.2d 522 (1965).\n. Behavior which would contravene Canon 4 can also violate Canon 5. Where, as here, the con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "259 N.Y.S.2d 522", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30b29b5f9ee599d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_567/0225_01/index.html", "start": 41865, "end": 41877, "quote": "216 F.2d 920", "context": "hip between Andersen and Morgan Lewis.\n. See Consolidated Theatres v. Warner Bros. Cir. Man. Corp., 216 F.2d 920, 927 (2d Cir. 1954).\n. It is clear that both actions are related. They arise out of the same operat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "216 F.2d 920", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_216/0920_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e15b81d3fb59a33a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 4858, "end": 4861, "quote": "§ 3", "context": "llowance of the exoneration claimed by the petitioner. And this is true even though the Harter Act, § 3 (46 USCA § 192) is applicable. Cf., Knott v. Botany Mills, 179 U. S. 69, 77, 21 S. Ct. 30, 45 L. Ed", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23f762e9ff92f8ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 4871, "end": 4876, "quote": "§ 192", "context": "he exoneration claimed by the petitioner. And this is true even though the Harter Act, § 3 (46 USCA § 192) is applicable. Cf., Knott v. Botany Mills, 179 U. S. 69, 77, 21 S. Ct. 30, 45 L. Ed. 90. In interp", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab91ba9549ba93c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 4921, "end": 4933, "quote": "179 U. S. 69", "context": " is true even though the Harter Act, § 3 (46 USCA § 192) is applicable. Cf., Knott v. Botany Mills, 179 U. S. 69, 77, 21 S. Ct. 30, 45 L. Ed. 90. In interpreting that act in May v. Hamburg-Amerikanische, etc., 29", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "179 U.S. 69", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a8fb671f3c6d322", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 4939, "end": 4951, "quote": "21 S. Ct. 30", "context": "gh the Harter Act, § 3 (46 USCA § 192) is applicable. Cf., Knott v. Botany Mills, 179 U. S. 69, 77, 21 S. Ct. 30, 45 L. Ed. 90. In interpreting that act in May v. Hamburg-Amerikanische, etc., 290 U. S. 333, 54 S.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 S. Ct. 30", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87b50662b8ca740f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 4953, "end": 4965, "quote": "45 L. Ed. 90", "context": "Act, § 3 (46 USCA § 192) is applicable. Cf., Knott v. Botany Mills, 179 U. S. 69, 77, 21 S. Ct. 30, 45 L. Ed. 90. In interpreting that act in May v. Hamburg-Amerikanische, etc., 290 U. S. 333, 54 S. Ct. 162, 78 L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 L. Ed. 90", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bfa6ba3263841794", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 5031, "end": 5044, "quote": "290 U. S. 333", "context": "69, 77, 21 S. Ct. 30, 45 L. Ed. 90. In interpreting that act in May v. Hamburg-Amerikanische, etc., 290 U. S. 333, 54 S. Ct. 162, 78 L. Ed. 348, the Supreme Court held that it was not enough to show that unseawort", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "290 U.S. 333", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "633bc78c218721e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 5046, "end": 5059, "quote": "54 S. Ct. 162", "context": "t. 30, 45 L. Ed. 90. In interpreting that act in May v. Hamburg-Amerikanische, etc., 290 U. S. 333, 54 S. Ct. 162, 78 L. Ed. 348, the Supreme Court held that it was not enough to show that unseaworthiness had no c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 S. Ct. 162", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98721210575b4782", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 5061, "end": 5074, "quote": "78 L. Ed. 348", "context": ". 90. In interpreting that act in May v. Hamburg-Amerikanische, etc., 290 U. S. 333, 54 S. Ct. 162, 78 L. Ed. 348, the Supreme Court held that it was not enough to show that unseaworthiness had no causal relation ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 L. Ed. 348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "02b57bac7410a3cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 5524, "end": 5533, "quote": "14 F. 226", "context": "hiness does not comprehend the best form of construction [Moores v. Louisville Underwriters (C. C.) 14 F. 226, 231], or perfection in condition [Hamilton v. United States (C. C. A.) 268 F. 15, 21; In re Gravel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 F. 226", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23ecd5f45d8fdcdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 5606, "end": 5615, "quote": "268 F. 15", "context": "erwriters (C. C.) 14 F. 226, 231], or perfection in condition [Hamilton v. United States (C. C. A.) 268 F. 15, 21; In re Gravel Products Corporation (C. C. A.) 24 F.(2d) 702], but only that the vessel be so st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "268 F. 15", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "78ac52585be9b9e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 5666, "end": 5679, "quote": "24 F.(2d) 702", "context": "n [Hamilton v. United States (C. C. A.) 268 F. 15, 21; In re Gravel Products Corporation (C. C. A.) 24 F.(2d) 702], but only that the vessel be so staunch and strong as to resist the ordinary actions of the sea du", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 F.2d 702", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_24/0702_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "88ef88e910f799eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 5856, "end": 5867, "quote": "19 How. 162", "context": "y actions of the sea during the voyage without damage or loss of caigo [Dupont de Nemours v. Vance, 19 How. 162, 167, 15 L. Ed. 584]. Thus the standard hy which it is to be determined is “whether the vessel is r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 How. 162", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "02e0da84e0ccc4b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 5874, "end": 5887, "quote": "15 L. Ed. 584", "context": "ea during the voyage without damage or loss of caigo [Dupont de Nemours v. Vance, 19 How. 162, 167, 15 L. Ed. 584]. Thus the standard hy which it is to be determined is “whether the vessel is reasonably fit to car", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 L. Ed. 584", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "031201b58fe0f097", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 6052, "end": 6065, "quote": "171 U. S. 462", "context": "the vessel is reasonably fit to carry the cargo which she has undertaken to transport” (The Silvia, 171 U. S. 462, 464, 19 S. Ct. 7, 8, 43 L. Ed. 241) considering the ordinary perils to be anticipated upon the voy", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "171 U.S. 462", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32e5f68c449b2686", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 6072, "end": 6083, "quote": "19 S. Ct. 7", "context": "ably fit to carry the cargo which she has undertaken to transport” (The Silvia, 171 U. S. 462, 464, 19 S. Ct. 7, 8, 43 L. Ed. 241) considering the ordinary perils to be anticipated upon the voyage. This is the t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 S. Ct. 7", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9952d1766348322", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 6088, "end": 6101, "quote": "43 L. Ed. 241", "context": "y the cargo which she has undertaken to transport” (The Silvia, 171 U. S. 462, 464, 19 S. Ct. 7, 8, 43 L. Ed. 241) considering the ordinary perils to be anticipated upon the voyage. This is the test which must be ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 L. Ed. 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ffedecd37029b509", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 10069, "end": 10075, "quote": "supra.", "context": "hich rendered the ship unseaworthy. If there was, that is sufficient. May v. Hamburg-Amerikanische, supra. We find no credible evidence supporting the appellant’s contention that water passed from tank No. ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88b952696d62ba38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 14834, "end": 14846, "quote": "137 U. S. 30", "context": " necessity or reasonable cause, from “the regular and usual course” of a voyage. Hostetter v. Park, 137 U. S. 30, 40, 11 S. Ct. 1, 34 L. Ed. 568. Certainly the stopping of the vessel in her course for a few minut", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 U.S. 30", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9997595bfe2532a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 14852, "end": 14863, "quote": "11 S. Ct. 1", "context": "onable cause, from “the regular and usual course” of a voyage. Hostetter v. Park, 137 U. S. 30, 40, 11 S. Ct. 1, 34 L. Ed. 568. Certainly the stopping of the vessel in her course for a few minutes to take on coa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 S. Ct. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0746085a43344353", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 14865, "end": 14878, "quote": "34 L. Ed. 568", "context": " from “the regular and usual course” of a voyage. Hostetter v. Park, 137 U. S. 30, 40, 11 S. Ct. 1, 34 L. Ed. 568. Certainly the stopping of the vessel in her course for a few minutes to take on coal was not a sub", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 L. Ed. 568", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2848669989cd238e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 15683, "end": 15689, "quote": "supra.", "context": "yage, and therefore to have been contemplated in the contracts of affreightment. Hostetter v. Park, supra.\nIt is further claimed that there was deviation in that a portion of the flax was not stowed under d", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "459d3f977344fa6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 17496, "end": 17506, "quote": "167 F. 976", "context": "present case. We think the petitioner should pay the appraisers’ fees [The W. A. Sherman (C. C. A.) 167 F. 976; Boston Marine Ins. Co. v. Metropolitan Redwood L. Co. (C. C. A.) 197 F. 703, 714; The Walter A. Lu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "167 F. 976", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81d4a6dd3de04b76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 17573, "end": 17583, "quote": "197 F. 703", "context": " A. Sherman (C. C. A.) 167 F. 976; Boston Marine Ins. Co. v. Metropolitan Redwood L. Co. (C. C. A.) 197 F. 703, 714; The Walter A. Luckenbach (C. C. A.) 14 F.(2d) 100, 104], but that the expenses incurred by th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "197 F. 703", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d9bca9a21cb6692", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 17626, "end": 17639, "quote": "14 F.(2d) 100", "context": " Co. v. Metropolitan Redwood L. Co. (C. C. A.) 197 F. 703, 714; The Walter A. Luckenbach (C. C. A.) 14 F.(2d) 100, 104], but that the expenses incurred by the petitioner in defending the suits filed by claimants i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 F.2d 100", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_14/0100_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e9777c2a17df593", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 17860, "end": 17869, "quote": "27 F. 234", "context": "k were properly taxable in this action against the claimants. Compare In re The Garden City (D. C.) 27 F. 234; Providence & N. Y. S. S. Co. v. Hill Mfg. Co., 109 U. S. 578, 600, 3 S. Ct. 379, 617, 27 L. Ed. 10", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 F. 234", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c355c58b0942f8b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 17918, "end": 17931, "quote": "109 U. S. 578", "context": "ts. Compare In re The Garden City (D. C.) 27 F. 234; Providence & N. Y. S. S. Co. v. Hill Mfg. Co., 109 U. S. 578, 600, 3 S. Ct. 379, 617, 27 L. Ed. 1038; Hartford Accident Co. v. Southern Pacific Co., 273 U. S. 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 U.S. 578", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52d11e7997db79b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 17938, "end": 17950, "quote": "3 S. Ct. 379", "context": "e Garden City (D. C.) 27 F. 234; Providence & N. Y. S. S. Co. v. Hill Mfg. Co., 109 U. S. 578, 600, 3 S. Ct. 379, 617, 27 L. Ed. 1038; Hartford Accident Co. v. Southern Pacific Co., 273 U. S. 207, 215-216, 47 S. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 S. Ct. 379", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b61433c327f0a83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 17957, "end": 17971, "quote": "27 L. Ed. 1038", "context": ".) 27 F. 234; Providence & N. Y. S. S. Co. v. Hill Mfg. Co., 109 U. S. 578, 600, 3 S. Ct. 379, 617, 27 L. Ed. 1038; Hartford Accident Co. v. Southern Pacific Co., 273 U. S. 207, 215-216, 47 S. Ct. 357, 71 L. Ed. 61", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 L. Ed. 1038", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2df9366e3c3ea9a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 18020, "end": 18033, "quote": "273 U. S. 207", "context": "9 U. S. 578, 600, 3 S. Ct. 379, 617, 27 L. Ed. 1038; Hartford Accident Co. v. Southern Pacific Co., 273 U. S. 207, 215-216, 47 S. Ct. 357, 71 L. Ed. 612. The allowance of subsistence fees for witnesses was objecte", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "273 U.S. 207", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd0822bbc17b7ce4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 18044, "end": 18057, "quote": "47 S. Ct. 357", "context": "t. 379, 617, 27 L. Ed. 1038; Hartford Accident Co. v. Southern Pacific Co., 273 U. S. 207, 215-216, 47 S. Ct. 357, 71 L. Ed. 612. The allowance of subsistence fees for witnesses was objected to generally, but so f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 S. Ct. 357", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e35e28478b43a2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 18059, "end": 18072, "quote": "71 L. Ed. 612", "context": " L. Ed. 1038; Hartford Accident Co. v. Southern Pacific Co., 273 U. S. 207, 215-216, 47 S. Ct. 357, 71 L. Ed. 612. The allowance of subsistence fees for witnesses was objected to generally, but so far as appears f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 L. Ed. 612", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c828f39e7529f9bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_70/0146_01/index.html", "start": 18292, "end": 18298, "quote": "§ 600c", "context": "e us the court’s attention was not called to its failure to certify the facts in its order (28 USCA § 600c). The cause is remanded for the purpose of permitting this'omission to be called to the attention o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bdc6d4031dffaf9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 738, "end": 753, "quote": "11 U.S.C. § 523", "context": "bank objected to the discharge of the $43,-000.00 debt incurred while Mrs. Walker ran the business. 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(2)(A). The bankruptcy court found that Mrs. Walker was her husband’s agent and that as principal", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 523", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_5/section_523/title11_sec523_15bbcf196b88/523_exceptions_to_discharge_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "41028d5252401cc1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 748, "end": 762, "quote": "§ 523(a)(2)(A)", "context": "ted to the discharge of the $43,-000.00 debt incurred while Mrs. Walker ran the business. 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(2)(A). The bankruptcy court found that Mrs. Walker was her husband’s agent and that as principal he was r", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_5/section_523/title11_sec523_15bbcf196b88/523_exceptions_to_discharge_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e533896fec4f0519", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 1702, "end": 1717, "quote": "11 U.S.C. § 523", "context": " by Mrs. Walker. The only question is whether that debt is dischargeable under the Bankruptcy Code. 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(2)(A).\nProof that a debtor’s agent obtains money by fraud does not justify the denial of a disch", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 523", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_5/section_523/title11_sec523_15bbcf196b88/523_exceptions_to_discharge_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "f3328b1d5b155765", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 1712, "end": 1726, "quote": "§ 523(a)(2)(A)", "context": "alker. The only question is whether that debt is dischargeable under the Bankruptcy Code. 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(2)(A).\nProof that a debtor’s agent obtains money by fraud does not justify the denial of a discharge to t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_5/section_523/title11_sec523_15bbcf196b88/523_exceptions_to_discharge_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9bb293ad71645ce7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 1986, "end": 1998, "quote": "117 F.2d 612", "context": "tes or justifies an inference that the debtor knew or should have known of the fraud. In re Lovich, 117 F.2d 612, 614-15 (2d Cir.1941). If the debtor was recklessly indifferent to the acts of his agent, then the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 F.2d 612", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_117/0612_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "729929b1d586c3fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 2202, "end": 2214, "quote": "209 F.2d 343", "context": "d may also be attributable to the debt- or-principal. E.g., David v. Annapolis Banking & Trust Co., 209 F.2d 343, 344 (4th Cir.1953). In the cases cited to us, the debtors were found to be recklessly indifferent ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "209 F.2d 343", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_209/0343_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb5360529b88612f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 2378, "end": 2381, "quote": "Id.", "context": " found to be recklessly indifferent because they had signed false documents without examining them. Id.; Gardner v. American Century Mortgage Investors, 577 F.2d 928, 929 (5th Cir.1978); In re Santos, 21", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb7971867ba4b5da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 2431, "end": 2443, "quote": "577 F.2d 928", "context": "signed false documents without examining them. Id.; Gardner v. American Century Mortgage Investors, 577 F.2d 928, 929 (5th Cir.1978); In re Santos, 211 F.2d 887, 889 (7th Cir.1954); In re Savarese, 209 F. 830, 83", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "577 F.2d 928", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_577/0928_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "35a8350479b9270b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 2479, "end": 2491, "quote": "211 F.2d 887", "context": "d.; Gardner v. American Century Mortgage Investors, 577 F.2d 928, 929 (5th Cir.1978); In re Santos, 211 F.2d 887, 889 (7th Cir.1954); In re Savarese, 209 F. 830, 832 (2d Cir.1913). Despite the debtors’ lack of ac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "211 F.2d 887", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_211/0887_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d9585d9700eb40fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 2529, "end": 2539, "quote": "209 F. 830", "context": ", 577 F.2d 928, 929 (5th Cir.1978); In re Santos, 211 F.2d 887, 889 (7th Cir.1954); In re Savarese, 209 F. 830, 832 (2d Cir.1913). Despite the debtors’ lack of actual knowledge, the courts in those cases refuse", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "209 F. 830", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2fec7d9702f7de6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 3197, "end": 3210, "quote": "209 F. at 832", "context": "ent if, had he paid minimal attention, he would have been alerted to the fraud. See In re Savarese, 209 F. at 832; David, 209 F.2d at 344.\nThus, we agree with the district court that more than the mere existence o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "209 F. 830", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d83492d386354810", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_726/0452_01/index.html", "start": 3219, "end": 3234, "quote": "209 F.2d at 344", "context": "nimal attention, he would have been alerted to the fraud. See In re Savarese, 209 F. at 832; David, 209 F.2d at 344.\nThus, we agree with the district court that more than the mere existence of an agent-principal rel", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "209 F.2d 343", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_209/0343_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d2ae164d5fa75a1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 403, "end": 418, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "context": " problem ever to come before the agency. MTS & WATS Market Structure: Third Report and Order ¶ 368, 93 F.C.C.2d 241, 340-41 (1983). The decisions at issue, we conclude, are within the Commission’s authority and, for", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ce7d14cf12410305", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 3091, "end": 3101, "quote": "38 F.2d 77", "context": "erty through a share of long-distance revenues. See, e.g., Illinois Bell Telephone Co. v. Moynihan, 38 F.2d 77, 82-83 (N.D.Ill.), rev’d sub nom. Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 F.2d 77", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_38/0077_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de76a508fb0c0ee0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 3174, "end": 3186, "quote": "282 U.S. 133", "context": "Co. v. Moynihan, 38 F.2d 77, 82-83 (N.D.Ill.), rev’d sub nom. Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930); Re Indiana Bell Telephone Co., 1922C Pub.Util. Rep. 348, 368.\nAl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "282 U.S. 133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49cd141531961ab0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 3188, "end": 3199, "quote": "51 S.Ct. 65", "context": "n, 38 F.2d 77, 82-83 (N.D.Ill.), rev’d sub nom. Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930); Re Indiana Bell Telephone Co., 1922C Pub.Util. Rep. 348, 368.\nAll long-distan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "969b36ba49ed2d51", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 3201, "end": 3213, "quote": "75 L.Ed. 255", "context": ", 82-83 (N.D.Ill.), rev’d sub nom. Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930); Re Indiana Bell Telephone Co., 1922C Pub.Util. Rep. 348, 368.\nAll long-distance calls, howe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 L. Ed. 255", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b2ddf116cd27329", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 3734, "end": 3746, "quote": "282 U.S. 133", "context": "; finally, they pass onto the call recipient’s local loop. In Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930), the Supreme Court decided that, because local plant is used for ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "282 U.S. 133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2275b3a496fbd419", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 3748, "end": 3759, "quote": "51 S.Ct. 65", "context": "y pass onto the call recipient’s local loop. In Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930), the Supreme Court decided that, because local plant is used for interstate ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f50c3e14a4619dbb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 3761, "end": 3773, "quote": "75 L.Ed. 255", "context": "he call recipient’s local loop. In Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930), the Supreme Court decided that, because local plant is used for interstate calls, an approp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 L. Ed. 255", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d2caeee06d24141", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 5097, "end": 5112, "quote": "47 U.S.C. § 410", "context": " remains in effect today. The FCC, working with a Federal-State Joint Board established pursuant to 47 U.S.C. § 410(c) (1976), allocates local plant costs between the interstate jurisdiction (FCC controls recovery o", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "47 U.S.C. § 410", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a57ef6f420cf2266", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 5107, "end": 5115, "quote": "§ 410(c)", "context": "n effect today. The FCC, working with a Federal-State Joint Board established pursuant to 47 U.S.C. § 410(c) (1976), allocates local plant costs between the interstate jurisdiction (FCC controls recovery of c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c6a137ab506034f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 5478, "end": 5491, "quote": "89 F.C.C.2d 1", "context": " 26% of the costs of local exchange plant to the interstate jurisdiction. See Amendment of Part 67, 89 F.C.C.2d 1, 5, modified, 90 F.C.C.2d 522, recon. denied, 91 F.C.C.2d 558 (1982), petition for review pending s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 F.C.C.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "30b25fb31bb8cc2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 5506, "end": 5521, "quote": "90 F.C.C.2d 522", "context": "xchange plant to the interstate jurisdiction. See Amendment of Part 67, 89 F.C.C.2d 1, 5, modified, 90 F.C.C.2d 522, recon. denied, 91 F.C.C.2d 558 (1982), petition for review pending sub nom. MCI Telecommunications", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 F.C.C.2d 522", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7def3abc61ad8d55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 5538, "end": 5553, "quote": "91 F.C.C.2d 558", "context": "jurisdiction. See Amendment of Part 67, 89 F.C.C.2d 1, 5, modified, 90 F.C.C.2d 522, recon. denied, 91 F.C.C.2d 558 (1982), petition for review pending sub nom. MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, No. 82-1237 (D.C.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 F.C.C.2d 558", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7e60b7b423e9288", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 5725, "end": 5737, "quote": "712 F.2d 517", "context": "p. v. FCC, No. 82-1237 (D.C.Cir. filed Mar. 4, 1982); see also MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 712 F.2d 517, 523 & n. 4 (D.C.Cir. 1983).\nTwo key characteristics of the system bear emphasis. First, local char", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "712 F.2d 517", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_712/0517_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "86dc3cd324d60735", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 7620, "end": 7635, "quote": "46 F.C.C.2d 413", "context": " linked through switches at a local telephone company’s premises. See Bell System Tariff Offerings, 46 F.C.C.2d 413, 418 n. 5, aff'd sub nom. Bell Telephone Co. v. FCC, 503 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 422", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 F.C.C.2d 413", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "075e1bef587735a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 7689, "end": 7702, "quote": "503 F.2d 1250", "context": " Bell System Tariff Offerings, 46 F.C.C.2d 413, 418 n. 5, aff'd sub nom. Bell Telephone Co. v. FCC, 503 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1026, 95 S.Ct. 2620, 45 L.Ed.2d 684 (1975).\nThe FCC, prior to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "503 F.2d 1250", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_503/1250_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f40f3b2570af3c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 7732, "end": 7745, "quote": "422 U.S. 1026", "context": "413, 418 n. 5, aff'd sub nom. Bell Telephone Co. v. FCC, 503 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1026, 95 S.Ct. 2620, 45 L.Ed.2d 684 (1975).\nThe FCC, prior to the set of decisions before us for review,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "422 U.S. 1026", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13d1e02325e124a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 7747, "end": 7760, "quote": "95 S.Ct. 2620", "context": "aff'd sub nom. Bell Telephone Co. v. FCC, 503 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1026, 95 S.Ct. 2620, 45 L.Ed.2d 684 (1975).\nThe FCC, prior to the set of decisions before us for review, did not requir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 S. Ct. 2620", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bcae3f6be73443c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 7762, "end": 7776, "quote": "45 L.Ed.2d 684", "context": "Bell Telephone Co. v. FCC, 503 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1026, 95 S.Ct. 2620, 45 L.Ed.2d 684 (1975).\nThe FCC, prior to the set of decisions before us for review, did not require users of priva", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 L. Ed. 2d 684", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d2eaea349c93244", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 9294, "end": 9309, "quote": "29 F.C.C.2d 870", "context": "arket once served only by AT & T. The Commission’s decision in Specialized Common Carrier Services, 29 F.C.C.2d 870 (1971), aff'd sub nom. Washington Utilities & Transportation Commission v. FCC, 513 F.2d 1142 (9th ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 F.C.C.2d 870", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82a2d832eac5d53a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 9390, "end": 9403, "quote": "513 F.2d 1142", "context": "es, 29 F.C.C.2d 870 (1971), aff'd sub nom. Washington Utilities & Transportation Commission v. FCC, 513 F.2d 1142 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 836, 96 S.Ct. 62, 46 L.Ed.2d 54 (1975), paved the way for privat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "513 F.2d 1142", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_513/1142_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ccca3b3873b98711", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 9430, "end": 9442, "quote": "423 U.S. 836", "context": "m. Washington Utilities & Transportation Commission v. FCC, 513 F.2d 1142 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 836, 96 S.Ct. 62, 46 L.Ed.2d 54 (1975), paved the way for private line market entry by carriers offerin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "423 U.S. 836", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c8028db7c1c35e90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 9444, "end": 9455, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 62", "context": "Utilities & Transportation Commission v. FCC, 513 F.2d 1142 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 836, 96 S.Ct. 62, 46 L.Ed.2d 54 (1975), paved the way for private line market entry by carriers offering services in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 62", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3acc2825005f56d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 9457, "end": 9470, "quote": "46 L.Ed.2d 54", "context": "ransportation Commission v. FCC, 513 F.2d 1142 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 836, 96 S.Ct. 62, 46 L.Ed.2d 54 (1975), paved the way for private line market entry by carriers offering services in competition wi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 L. Ed. 2d 54", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d8c812216946444", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 9942, "end": 9957, "quote": "46 F.C.C.2d 413", "context": "interconnect their private line circuits into the local exchange. See Bell System Tariff Offerings, 46 F.C.C.2d 413, aff'd sub nom. Bell Telephone Co. v. FCC, 503 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1026", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 F.C.C.2d 413", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "767c3609cf6c2ca1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 10001, "end": 10014, "quote": "503 F.2d 1250", "context": "hange. See Bell System Tariff Offerings, 46 F.C.C.2d 413, aff'd sub nom. Bell Telephone Co. v. FCC, 503 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1026, 95 S.Ct. 2620, 45 L.Ed.2d 684 (1975).\nIn 1974 MCI filed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "503 F.2d 1250", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_503/1250_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "03905c18f94fa08e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 10044, "end": 10057, "quote": "422 U.S. 1026", "context": " F.C.C.2d 413, aff'd sub nom. Bell Telephone Co. v. FCC, 503 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1026, 95 S.Ct. 2620, 45 L.Ed.2d 684 (1975).\nIn 1974 MCI filed tariffs for a new service it called Execun", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "422 U.S. 1026", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9d283d8404633db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 10059, "end": 10072, "quote": "95 S.Ct. 2620", "context": "aff'd sub nom. Bell Telephone Co. v. FCC, 503 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1026, 95 S.Ct. 2620, 45 L.Ed.2d 684 (1975).\nIn 1974 MCI filed tariffs for a new service it called Execunet. With Execun", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 S. Ct. 2620", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "19158217516ad953", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 10074, "end": 10088, "quote": "45 L.Ed.2d 684", "context": "Bell Telephone Co. v. FCC, 503 F.2d 1250 (3d Cir.1974), cert. denied, 422 U.S. 1026, 95 S.Ct. 2620, 45 L.Ed.2d 684 (1975).\nIn 1974 MCI filed tariffs for a new service it called Execunet. With Execunet, MCI linked t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 L. Ed. 2d 684", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dcc05341c613b885", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 11181, "end": 11193, "quote": "561 F.2d 365", "context": "to give the OCCs appropriate interconnections for the service. MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 561 F.2d 365 (D.C.Cir.1977), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1040, 98 S.Ct. 780, 54 L.Ed.2d 790 (1978) (.Execunet I); MCI", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "561 F.2d 365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_561/0365_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ef0aa1b63041df66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 11224, "end": 11237, "quote": "434 U.S. 1040", "context": "ns for the service. MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 561 F.2d 365 (D.C.Cir.1977), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1040, 98 S.Ct. 780, 54 L.Ed.2d 790 (1978) (.Execunet I); MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 580 F.2d 5", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "434 U.S. 1040", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34e0c281bab4dc22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 11239, "end": 11251, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 780", "context": "ice. MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 561 F.2d 365 (D.C.Cir.1977), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1040, 98 S.Ct. 780, 54 L.Ed.2d 790 (1978) (.Execunet I); MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 580 F.2d 590 (D.C.Cir.),", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 780", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "26b252e78b7d727a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 11253, "end": 11267, "quote": "54 L.Ed.2d 790", "context": "ommunications Corp. v. FCC, 561 F.2d 365 (D.C.Cir.1977), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1040, 98 S.Ct. 780, 54 L.Ed.2d 790 (1978) (.Execunet I); MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 580 F.2d 590 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 L. Ed. 2d 790", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0ef26ec8acab8d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 11327, "end": 11339, "quote": "580 F.2d 590", "context": " U.S. 1040, 98 S.Ct. 780, 54 L.Ed.2d 790 (1978) (.Execunet I); MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 580 F.2d 590 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 980, 99 S.Ct. 566, 58 L.Ed.2d 651 (1978) (Execunet II).\nAfter th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "580 F.2d 590", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_580/0590_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "109f35e3bcb9666a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 11366, "end": 11378, "quote": "439 U.S. 980", "context": "0 (1978) (.Execunet I); MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 580 F.2d 590 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 980, 99 S.Ct. 566, 58 L.Ed.2d 651 (1978) (Execunet II).\nAfter the Execunet decisions, the FCC opened Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "439 U.S. 980", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2d4587134d9646a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 11380, "end": 11392, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 566", "context": "cunet I); MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 580 F.2d 590 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 980, 99 S.Ct. 566, 58 L.Ed.2d 651 (1978) (Execunet II).\nAfter the Execunet decisions, the FCC opened Common Carrier D", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 566", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f7ffa596058f3df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 11394, "end": 11408, "quote": "58 L.Ed.2d 651", "context": "Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 580 F.2d 590 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 980, 99 S.Ct. 566, 58 L.Ed.2d 651 (1978) (Execunet II).\nAfter the Execunet decisions, the FCC opened Common Carrier Docket No. 78-72 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 L. Ed. 2d 651", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eeb4bc1d717f7f8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 11861, "end": 11876, "quote": "67 F.C.C.2d 757", "context": "rom direct competition[ ].” MTS & WATS Market Structure: Notice of Inquiry and Proposed Rulemaking, 67 F.C.C.2d 757, 757 (1978) (footnotes omitted). The Commission announced that it would consider, as part of its an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 F.C.C.2d 757", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49c940a07fdb6741", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 12317, "end": 12327, "quote": "Id. at 759", "context": "ge services; and whether and how these charges can be equitably imposed on all interstate services.\nId. at 759.\nDuring the pendency of the Execunet litigation, the OCCs and their subscribers made no contributio", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "67 F.C.C.2d 757", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a4e45b01303b1a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 14101, "end": 14117, "quote": "91 F.C.C.2d 1079", "context": "he Commission’s objective was to achieve “some form of a ‘rough justice’ interim” solution. AT & T, 91 F.C.C.2d 1079, 1081 (1982). The negotiations culminated in December 1978 with the signing of the ENFIA agreement,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 F.C.C.2d 1079", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10b53f357d1ea3a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 15169, "end": 15181, "quote": "712 F.2d 517", "context": "e encompassing settlement might have impeded negotiations. See MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. FCC, 712 F.2d 517, 524 (D.C.Cir.1983). The ENFIA settlement therefore stated that the parties reached their interim a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "712 F.2d 517", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_712/0517_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "690740fc97adfdc3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 15975, "end": 15990, "quote": "81 F.C.C.2d 177", "context": " Communications Act.” MTS & WATS Market Structure: Report and Third Supplemental Notice of Inquiry, 81 F.C.C.2d 177, 183 (1980) (Third Supplemental Notice). Turning to the further issues posed in the docket, the Com", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 F.C.C.2d 177", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ee21ff209e829eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 16214, "end": 16229, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "context": "lemental notices of inquiry, ultimately released MTS & WATS Market Structure: Third Report & Order, 93 F.C.C.2d 241 (1983) (Access Order), the first of the series of FCC orders presented for our review. The Commissi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c03ed9ad1ab2cfe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 16970, "end": 16988, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 278", "context": "]he continued assurance of universal service” appeared first on the FCC’s list. Access Order ¶ 122, 93 F.C.C.2d at 278. Section 1 of the Communications Act requires the FCC to “regulat[e] interstate ... commerce in com", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "67e7a10fe8058263", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 16990, "end": 16999, "quote": "Section 1", "context": "nce of universal service” appeared first on the FCC’s list. Access Order ¶ 122, 93 F.C.C.2d at 278. Section 1 of the Communications Act requires the FCC to “regulat[e] interstate ... commerce in communication ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4b3371c957b250b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 17328, "end": 17343, "quote": "47 U.S.C. § 151", "context": "and worldwide wire and radio communication service with adequate facilities at reasonable charges.” 47 U.S.C. § 151. Our case law recognizes the prominence of this universal service objective. See, e.g., United Stat", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "47 U.S.C. § 151", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_47/section_151/title47_sec151_1c8ac9a4c4b1/151_purposes_of_chapter_federal_communications_commission_cr_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "059493df603e98a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 17338, "end": 17344, "quote": "§ 151.", "context": "ide wire and radio communication service with adequate facilities at reasonable charges.” 47 U.S.C. § 151. Our case law recognizes the prominence of this universal service objective. See, e.g., United State", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_47/section_151/title47_sec151_1c8ac9a4c4b1/151_purposes_of_chapter_federal_communications_commission_cr_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff930f41f14d88c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 17471, "end": 17487, "quote": "569 F.Supp. 1057", "context": "e prominence of this universal service objective. See, e.g., United States v. Western Electric Co., 569 F.Supp. 1057, 1120 (D.D.C.1983); see also Access Order ¶¶ 74-84, 93 F.C.C.2d at 265-67. The other three objectiv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "569 F. Supp. 1057", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_569/1057_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ed7af847a13a6afa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 17540, "end": 17561, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 265-67", "context": "tates v. Western Electric Co., 569 F.Supp. 1057, 1120 (D.D.C.1983); see also Access Order ¶¶ 74-84, 93 F.C.C.2d at 265-67. The other three objectives identified by the Commission were “the elimination of unjust discrimina", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6d223ac30ffbb75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 17714, "end": 17725, "quote": "section 202", "context": "sion were “the elimination of unjust discrimination or unlawful preferential rates,” as mandated by section 202 of the Communications Act; “the encouragement of network efficiency”; and “the prevention of unecon", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "af5a62cd7cf8d944", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 17858, "end": 17876, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 278", "context": "encouragement of network efficiency”; and “the prevention of uneconomic bypass.” Access Order ¶122, 93 F.C.C.2d at 278.\n“Bypass” occurs when end users develop and employ alternative local distribution technologies in p", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0767ec8ae446d77c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 21666, "end": 21678, "quote": "Id. ¶¶ 27-29", "context": "e avoidance of non-cost based telecommunications prices. Investment may be misdirected as a result.\nId. ¶¶ 27-29, 93 F.C.C.2d at 251-52 (footnotes and paragraph numbers omitted).\nThe FCC acknowledged that “uncert", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8daa9ea1da273b50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 21680, "end": 21701, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 251-52", "context": " non-cost based telecommunications prices. Investment may be misdirected as a result.\nId. ¶¶ 27-29, 93 F.C.C.2d at 251-52 (footnotes and paragraph numbers omitted).\nThe FCC acknowledged that “uncertainty surround[ed] the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "92d0e30567fb960b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 21898, "end": 21906, "quote": "Id. ¶ 31", "context": "he precise size and threat of uneconomic bypass,” but found the bypass phenomenon real and growing. Id. ¶ 31, 93 F.C.C.2d at 252. It would be unwise, the Commission concluded, to delay implementation of a cos", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4353b695a7ef5253", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 21908, "end": 21926, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 252", "context": " size and threat of uneconomic bypass,” but found the bypass phenomenon real and growing. Id. ¶ 31, 93 F.C.C.2d at 252. It would be unwise, the Commission concluded, to delay implementation of a cost-based pricing syst", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca1b7a7da17df914", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 22315, "end": 22318, "quote": "Id.", "context": "her bypass “might mean higher long run costs for those who were required to remain on the network.” Id. Of prime importance in its decisionmaking, the Commission observed:\n[W]ere we to delay instituting ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d82de2e8e2fb7454", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 22972, "end": 22980, "quote": "Id. ¶ 32", "context": "economic. Consequently, we believe that prompt action is essential to preserve the public interest.\nId. ¶ 32, 93 F.C.C.2d at 252-53.\nUnder the FCC’s plan to shift most subscriber plant costs in the interstate", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70130c0ad78230d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 22982, "end": 23003, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 252-53", "context": "Consequently, we believe that prompt action is essential to preserve the public interest.\nId. ¶ 32, 93 F.C.C.2d at 252-53.\nUnder the FCC’s plan to shift most subscriber plant costs in the interstate jurisdiction onto end ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3a7662e00d01c657", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 23664, "end": 23685, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 281-82", "context": " keep down local rates in areas where exchange plant costs are especially high. Access Order ¶ 134, 93 F.C.C.2d at 281-82. On reconsideration, the Commission chose to institute further decisionmaking on several matters: ■", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f86bb23a7c52193b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 25062, "end": 25074, "quote": "supra note 1", "context": " they set. The modified final judgment settling the government’s antitrust suit against AT & T, see supra note 1, requires the BOCs to move, over the next few years, to provision of equal interconnection to the O", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8f3decd0cb6a7f19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 26122, "end": 26134, "quote": "282 U.S. 133", "context": "the Communications Act and/or the Supreme Court’s decision in Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930); (2) assertions that the FCC’s decision is irrational, unsupporte", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "282 U.S. 133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03e67d41755a54f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 26136, "end": 26147, "quote": "51 S.Ct. 65", "context": "ions Act and/or the Supreme Court’s decision in Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930); (2) assertions that the FCC’s decision is irrational, unsupported, or procedu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59dd44665dc0e4af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 26149, "end": 26161, "quote": "75 L.Ed. 255", "context": "or the Supreme Court’s decision in Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930); (2) assertions that the FCC’s decision is irrational, unsupported, or procedurally defectiv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 L. Ed. 255", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea00b13ff6017dc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 27583, "end": 27595, "quote": "282 U.S. 133", "context": "to their insistent claim that the Supreme Court’s decision in Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930), see supra p. 1104, confirms the powerlessness of the federal age", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "282 U.S. 133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6cc96651683232f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 27597, "end": 27608, "quote": "51 S.Ct. 65", "context": "tent claim that the Supreme Court’s decision in Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930), see supra p. 1104, confirms the powerlessness of the federal agency to take t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e42e3516d4863208", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 27610, "end": 27622, "quote": "75 L.Ed. 255", "context": "at the Supreme Court’s decision in Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930), see supra p. 1104, confirms the powerlessness of the federal agency to take the action they", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 L. Ed. 255", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89417306a0bb8186", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 27635, "end": 27648, "quote": "supra p. 1104", "context": "cision in Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 282 U.S. 133, 51 S.Ct. 65, 75 L.Ed. 255 (1930), see supra p. 1104, confirms the powerlessness of the federal agency to take the action they challenge. Petitioners mi", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "590d636ac8a8e299", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 29669, "end": 29684, "quote": "282 U.S. at 148", "context": "ion either of the Illinois Commission or of the court in dealing with the order of that Commission.\n282 U.S. at 148, 51 S.Ct. at 68 (emphasis supplied). The Court stated that it was the ICC, then charged with regula", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "282 U.S. 133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b531c272d3d84ad8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 29686, "end": 29700, "quote": "51 S.Ct. at 68", "context": " Illinois Commission or of the court in dealing with the order of that Commission.\n282 U.S. at 148, 51 S.Ct. at 68 (emphasis supplied). The Court stated that it was the ICC, then charged with regulating interstate ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4320a6e3c2edba27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 29819, "end": 29831, "quote": "supra note 4", "context": "). The Court stated that it was the ICC, then charged with regulating interstate communication, see supra note 4, that had “authority to estimate the value of the property used in the interstate service and to de", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd4f96aa8beec8bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 30127, "end": 30137, "quote": "Id. at 149", "context": "r regulation of rates can be had only by maintaining the limits of state and federal jurisdiction.” Id. at 149, 51 S.Ct. at 69. Any review of the state commission’s order, the Court continued, must therefore re", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34d5d507c173f874", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 30139, "end": 30153, "quote": "51 S.Ct. at 69", "context": " of rates can be had only by maintaining the limits of state and federal jurisdiction.” Id. at 149, 51 S.Ct. at 69. Any review of the state commission’s order, the Court continued, must therefore rest on an appropr", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e0c84bb70d48f904", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 30402, "end": 30405, "quote": "Id.", "context": "employed in the intrastate business and of the compensation receivable for the intrastate service.” Id. The Court cited the Minnesota Rate Cases, 230 U.S. 352, 435, 33 S.Ct. 729, 755, 57 L.Ed. 1511 (1913", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4a0a01c506f9364", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 30448, "end": 30460, "quote": "230 U.S. 352", "context": " compensation receivable for the intrastate service.” Id. The Court cited the Minnesota Rate Cases, 230 U.S. 352, 435, 33 S.Ct. 729, 755, 57 L.Ed. 1511 (1913), in which it had imposed a similar constraint on the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "230 U.S. 352", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7bd20b7e5337ee13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 30467, "end": 30479, "quote": "33 S.Ct. 729", "context": "vable for the intrastate service.” Id. The Court cited the Minnesota Rate Cases, 230 U.S. 352, 435, 33 S.Ct. 729, 755, 57 L.Ed. 1511 (1913), in which it had imposed a similar constraint on the states’ determinati", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "33 S. Ct. 729", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "12a56ca2dce82552", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 30486, "end": 30499, "quote": "57 L.Ed. 1511", "context": "state service.” Id. The Court cited the Minnesota Rate Cases, 230 U.S. 352, 435, 33 S.Ct. 729, 755, 57 L.Ed. 1511 (1913), in which it had imposed a similar constraint on the states’ determination of intrastate rai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 L. Ed. 1511", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4b0257ac7cf9369", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 30792, "end": 30807, "quote": "282 U.S. at 151", "context": " the Court then stated, must be made with an eye to “the actual uses to which the property is put.” 282 U.S. at 151, 51 S.Ct. at 69. Figures Illinois Bell had submitted to the district court reflected treatment of t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "282 U.S. 133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "332391bb978e7c4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 30809, "end": 30823, "quote": "51 S.Ct. at 69", "context": "tated, must be made with an eye to “the actual uses to which the property is put.” 282 U.S. at 151, 51 S.Ct. at 69. Figures Illinois Bell had submitted to the district court reflected treatment of the costs of exch", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f6d6ea4c10ed2fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 30951, "end": 30961, "quote": "Id. at 150", "context": "submitted to the district court reflected treatment of the costs of exchange plant as wholly local. Id. at 150, 51 S.Ct. at 69. That allocation was impermissible, the Court declared, “for unless an apportionmen", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6108d0cf5064ffd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 30963, "end": 30977, "quote": "51 S.Ct. at 69", "context": " the district court reflected treatment of the costs of exchange plant as wholly local. Id. at 150, 51 S.Ct. at 69. That allocation was impermissible, the Court declared, “for unless an apportionment is made, the i", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da3496b2911d9686", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 31167, "end": 31177, "quote": "Id. at 151", "context": "ade, the intrastate service to which the exchange property is allocated will bear an undue burden.” Id. at 151, 51 S.Ct. at 69.\nOne petitioner argues that Smith, precludes FCC-imposed flat-rate end user charges", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a858e519e89ba5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 31179, "end": 31193, "quote": "51 S.Ct. at 69", "context": "rastate service to which the exchange property is allocated will bear an undue burden.” Id. at 151, 51 S.Ct. at 69.\nOne petitioner argues that Smith, precludes FCC-imposed flat-rate end user charges because the imp", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "51 S. Ct. 65", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16f4c7a84e8189a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 33030, "end": 33042, "quote": "section 2(b)", "context": "pled with their exorbitant reading of Smith v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., petitioners assert that section 2(b) of the Communications Act, which denies Commission jurisdiction over purely intrastate communicatio", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c95ccfdaea6b3350", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 35019, "end": 35032, "quote": "552 F.2d 1036", "context": "th, have been placed in the interstate jurisdiction.\nIn North Carolina Utilities Commission v. FCC, 552 F.2d 1036 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 874, 98 S.Ct. 222, 54 L.Ed.2d 154 (1977) (NCUC II), the Fourth C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "552 F.2d 1036", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_552/1036_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a394df09feb2a03e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 35059, "end": 35071, "quote": "434 U.S. 874", "context": "urisdiction.\nIn North Carolina Utilities Commission v. FCC, 552 F.2d 1036 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 874, 98 S.Ct. 222, 54 L.Ed.2d 154 (1977) (NCUC II), the Fourth Circuit reviewed a Commission order sett", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "434 U.S. 874", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "64eb4b89594a6473", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 35073, "end": 35085, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 222", "context": "n North Carolina Utilities Commission v. FCC, 552 F.2d 1036 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 874, 98 S.Ct. 222, 54 L.Ed.2d 154 (1977) (NCUC II), the Fourth Circuit reviewed a Commission order setting conditions", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 222", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "292fd02b439350b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 35087, "end": 35101, "quote": "54 L.Ed.2d 154", "context": "na Utilities Commission v. FCC, 552 F.2d 1036 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 874, 98 S.Ct. 222, 54 L.Ed.2d 154 (1977) (NCUC II), the Fourth Circuit reviewed a Commission order setting conditions under which ter", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 L. Ed. 2d 154", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db3e1a74f455c786", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 35979, "end": 35995, "quote": "552 F.2d at 1046", "context": " jurisdiction over one,” the court stated, “cannot be read to mean the withdrawal as to the other,” 552 F.2d at 1046, nor could the fact that the phones were necessary for local calling divest the. FCC of its “paramo", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "552 F.2d 1036", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_552/1036_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "12c11f908a7734b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 36133, "end": 36144, "quote": "Id. at 1043", "context": "ere necessary for local calling divest the. FCC of its “paramount” interstate regulatory authority. Id. at 1043 (describing holding of North Carolina Utilities Commission v. FCC, 537 F.2d 787 (4th Cir.), cert. d", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "552 F.2d 1036", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_552/1036_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad4dea3e41edc1b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 36212, "end": 36224, "quote": "537 F.2d 787", "context": "egulatory authority. Id. at 1043 (describing holding of North Carolina Utilities Commission v. FCC, 537 F.2d 787 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1027, 97 S.Ct. 651, 50 L.Ed.2d 631 (1976) (NCUC I)). The court c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "537 F.2d 787", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_537/0787_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c1e54b7b515866d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 36251, "end": 36264, "quote": "429 U.S. 1027", "context": "ibing holding of North Carolina Utilities Commission v. FCC, 537 F.2d 787 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1027, 97 S.Ct. 651, 50 L.Ed.2d 631 (1976) (NCUC I)). The court concluded:\nPetitioners confuse the fact t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "429 U.S. 1027", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8dd9e866276d7160", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 36266, "end": 36278, "quote": "97 S.Ct. 651", "context": "f North Carolina Utilities Commission v. FCC, 537 F.2d 787 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1027, 97 S.Ct. 651, 50 L.Ed.2d 631 (1976) (NCUC I)). The court concluded:\nPetitioners confuse the fact that almost all", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 651", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6303215f29b5c538", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 36280, "end": 36294, "quote": "50 L.Ed.2d 631", "context": "na Utilities Commission v. FCC, 537 F.2d 787 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1027, 97 S.Ct. 651, 50 L.Ed.2d 631 (1976) (NCUC I)). The court concluded:\nPetitioners confuse the fact that almost all terminal equipm", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 L. Ed. 2d 631", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f77041c0603828a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 36774, "end": 36790, "quote": "552 F.2d at 1046", "context": "subscribers to determine the jurisdictional competence of the FCC versus state utility commissions.\n552 F.2d at 1046.\nWe endorsed the Fourth Circuit’s NCUC I and II reasoning in Computer and Communications Industry A", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "552 F.2d 1036", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_552/1036_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "88c6ada5c6203ec5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 36909, "end": 36921, "quote": "693 F.2d 198", "context": "ourth Circuit’s NCUC I and II reasoning in Computer and Communications Industry Association v. FCC, 693 F.2d 198 (D.C.Cir.1982), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 2109, 77 L.Ed.2d 313 (1983) (Computer II). That c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "693 F.2d 198", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_693/0198_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c563bfa58d0ba74a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 36962, "end": 36976, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 2109", "context": "nd Communications Industry Association v. FCC, 693 F.2d 198 (D.C.Cir.1982), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 2109, 77 L.Ed.2d 313 (1983) (Computer II). That case presented for review a Commission order detariffing", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 2109", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2a6799f31911f25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 36978, "end": 36992, "quote": "77 L.Ed.2d 313", "context": "s Industry Association v. FCC, 693 F.2d 198 (D.C.Cir.1982), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 103 S.Ct. 2109, 77 L.Ed.2d 313 (1983) (Computer II). That case presented for review a Commission order detariffing terminal equipm", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 L. Ed. 2d 313", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7cb9d36cccf741cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 37493, "end": 37500, "quote": "the Act", "context": " invasion of the authority to regulate intrastate communications services reserved to the states by the Act.” 693 F.2d at 214. The NCUC II court had noted that it did not have before it an FCC attempt “to co", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9babedc40fffece6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 37503, "end": 37518, "quote": "693 F.2d at 214", "context": "of the authority to regulate intrastate communications services reserved to the states by the Act.” 693 F.2d at 214. The NCUC II court had noted that it did not have before it an FCC attempt “to control the rates fo", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "693 F.2d 198", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_693/0198_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23619caa10606c67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 37648, "end": 37664, "quote": "552 F.2d at 1047", "context": "that it did not have before it an FCC attempt “to control the rates for exclusively local service.” 552 F.2d at 1047 (emphasis in original). We rejected an attempt to distance NCUC II from Computer II on that ground,", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "552 F.2d 1036", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_552/1036_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bebbb42a066a0b6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 37923, "end": 37943, "quote": "693 F.2d at 215, 216", "context": "on principles applicable to state ratemaking authority and those applicable to other state powers.” 693 F.2d at 215, 216.\nIn Computer II the FCC asserted exclusive rate regulatory authority over CPE; we upheld its order,", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "693 F.2d 198", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_693/0198_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e94584ebb9f84586", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 40109, "end": 40121, "quote": "id. at 22-23", "context": "ly divided between the interstate and intrastate domains) to the intrastate jurisdiction alone. See id. at 22-23. It is hard to see what significant benefit NARUC' would gain under such an arrangement.\nThe scheme", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "93105805a199cf9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 41651, "end": 41661, "quote": "567 F.2d 9", "context": "apricious if that problem does not exist.” NARUC Brief at 39 (quoting Home Box Office, Inc. v. FCC, 567 F.2d 9, 36 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 829, 98 S.Ct. 111, 54 L.Ed.2d 89 (1977)).\nWe hold that the F", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "567 F.2d 9", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_567/0009_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d6186e56f7741e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 41692, "end": 41704, "quote": "434 U.S. 829", "context": "” NARUC Brief at 39 (quoting Home Box Office, Inc. v. FCC, 567 F.2d 9, 36 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 829, 98 S.Ct. 111, 54 L.Ed.2d 89 (1977)).\nWe hold that the FCC’s treatment of the bypass issue is adequ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "434 U.S. 829", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e302bd2d8e6efc95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 41706, "end": 41718, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 111", "context": "at 39 (quoting Home Box Office, Inc. v. FCC, 567 F.2d 9, 36 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 829, 98 S.Ct. 111, 54 L.Ed.2d 89 (1977)).\nWe hold that the FCC’s treatment of the bypass issue is adequately reasoned", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 111", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e01ecc08f06b736", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 41720, "end": 41733, "quote": "54 L.Ed.2d 89", "context": " Home Box Office, Inc. v. FCC, 567 F.2d 9, 36 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 829, 98 S.Ct. 111, 54 L.Ed.2d 89 (1977)).\nWe hold that the FCC’s treatment of the bypass issue is adequately reasoned and indicate h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 L. Ed. 2d 89", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6839059e0a2bf07f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 42535, "end": 42543, "quote": "Id. at 1", "context": "Commission a preliminary report based on its own survey of the industry and the current literature. Id. at 1, reprinted in J.A. 3101, 3101. The report documents the reality of both local and long-haul by-pass", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0d5e55e7162ae63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 43057, "end": 43060, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ietta’s self-help at an annual $500,000, and its projected annual revenue loss at up to $3 million. Id. at A-3, reprinted in J.A. 3101, 3128. Southern Railway System uses a private microwave system in th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6192631eefc47d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 43277, "end": 43280, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ma, Georgia, Kentucky); South Central Bell estimates its resulting yearly revenue loss at $300,000. Id. Combustion Engineering completely bypasses the local network for long-distance calling; Southern Ne", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56cd0d171acebc07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 43459, "end": 43462, "quote": "Id.", "context": " calling; Southern New England Telephone estimates the revenue loss to it at $1.7 million per year. Id. at A-4, reprinted in J.A. 3101, 3129. Textronics operates a digital microwave system linking variou", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e846c03882b916f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 43682, "end": 43685, "quote": "Id.", "context": "in Oregon and Washington; Pacific Northwest Bell estimates its revenue losses at $800,000 per year. Id. at A-5, reprinted in J.A. 3101, 3130. The federal government utilizes digital satellite links to co", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0839cc7ee5b8eb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 43933, "end": 43936, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ornia switching node; Pacific Northwest Bell estimates its revenue losses at $1.5 million per year. Id. Boeing uses a digital microwave system linking several of its facilities in the Puget Sound basin, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e3503f8808426cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 44313, "end": 44316, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ia, and elsewhere, generating Pacific Northwest Bell revenue losses estimated at $400,000 per year. Id. at A-5, 6, reprinted in J.A. 3101, 3130, 3131.\nFrom its investigation, the Commission staff conclud", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d24817de134c2c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 44794, "end": 44802, "quote": "Id. at 4", "context": " to local bypass by a large sector of the Fortune 500 — and by various government agencies as well.\nId. at 4, reprinted in J.A. 3101, 3104.\nThe FCC’s view was informed by its staff’s “effort[ ] to identify an", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84e0ce1e836a7177", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 44958, "end": 44966, "quote": "id. at 1", "context": "med by its staff’s “effort[ ] to identify and understand bypass activities, technology and trends,” id. at 1, reprinted in J.A. 3101, 3101, and by comments “numerous participants” made. Access Order ¶ 107, 93", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae8500a4c877df0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 45064, "end": 45082, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 274", "context": " 1, reprinted in J.A. 3101, 3101, and by comments “numerous participants” made. Access Order ¶ 107, 93 F.C.C.2d at 274. These included Comments of Southern Pacific Communications Co. at 17-19, reprinted in J.A. 1729, 1", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42392ebe1f81f64e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 46665, "end": 46677, "quote": "319 U.S. 190", "context": "eristic of which [is] the rapid pace of its unfolding.” National Broadcasting Co. v. United States, 319 U.S. 190, 219, 63 S.Ct. 997, 1011, 87 L.Ed. 1344 (1943). “[P]ure factual' determinations” were not, and coul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "319 U.S. 190", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "58c28e70e2d3ae30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 46684, "end": 46696, "quote": "63 S.Ct. 997", "context": "s] the rapid pace of its unfolding.” National Broadcasting Co. v. United States, 319 U.S. 190, 219, 63 S.Ct. 997, 1011, 87 L.Ed. 1344 (1943). “[P]ure factual' determinations” were not, and could not have been, ma", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 S. Ct. 997", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "12fcb5fff3f55633", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 46704, "end": 46717, "quote": "87 L.Ed. 1344", "context": " its unfolding.” National Broadcasting Co. v. United States, 319 U.S. 190, 219, 63 S.Ct. 997, 1011, 87 L.Ed. 1344 (1943). “[P]ure factual' determinations” were not, and could not have been, made; the FCC’s decisio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 L. Ed. 1344", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b43f9f47a67f6750", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 46896, "end": 46908, "quote": "450 U.S. 582", "context": "de; the FCC’s decision inevitably rested on “judgment and prediction.” FCC v. WNCN Listeners Guild, 450 U.S. 582, 594, 101 S.Ct. 1266, 1274, 67 L.Ed.2d 521 (1981). In light of the material available to the Commis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "450 U.S. 582", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3e61281a689a489", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 46915, "end": 46929, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 1266", "context": "ion inevitably rested on “judgment and prediction.” FCC v. WNCN Listeners Guild, 450 U.S. 582, 594, 101 S.Ct. 1266, 1274, 67 L.Ed.2d 521 (1981). In light of the material available to the Commission, and the leeway ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 1266", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9054a5c5df88d208", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 46937, "end": 46951, "quote": "67 L.Ed.2d 521", "context": "on “judgment and prediction.” FCC v. WNCN Listeners Guild, 450 U.S. 582, 594, 101 S.Ct. 1266, 1274, 67 L.Ed.2d 521 (1981). In light of the material available to the Commission, and the leeway the FCC has to make “d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 L. Ed. 2d 521", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05e13e955e81cd09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 47148, "end": 47160, "quote": "436 U.S. 775", "context": " “deductions based on [its] expert knowledge,” FCC v. National Citizens Committee for Broadcasting, 436 U.S. 775, 814, 98 S.Ct. 2096, 2121, 56 L.Ed.2d 697 (1978) (quoting FPC v. Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Cor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "436 U.S. 775", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4352f4ccae3101f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 47167, "end": 47180, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 2096", "context": "on [its] expert knowledge,” FCC v. National Citizens Committee for Broadcasting, 436 U.S. 775, 814, 98 S.Ct. 2096, 2121, 56 L.Ed.2d 697 (1978) (quoting FPC v. Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corp., 365 U.S. 1, 29, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 2096", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60e111acb00c69d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 47188, "end": 47202, "quote": "56 L.Ed.2d 697", "context": "edge,” FCC v. National Citizens Committee for Broadcasting, 436 U.S. 775, 814, 98 S.Ct. 2096, 2121, 56 L.Ed.2d 697 (1978) (quoting FPC v. Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corp., 365 U.S. 1, 29, 81 S.Ct. 435, 450, 5 L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 L. Ed. 2d 697", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f334dbc94e489197", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 47264, "end": 47274, "quote": "365 U.S. 1", "context": "4, 98 S.Ct. 2096, 2121, 56 L.Ed.2d 697 (1978) (quoting FPC v. Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corp., 365 U.S. 1, 29, 81 S.Ct. 435, 450, 5 L.Ed.2d 377 (1961)), we cannot indict the agency’s assessment of the bypa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "365 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e343a70ead5ee24", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 47280, "end": 47292, "quote": "81 S.Ct. 435", "context": ", 2121, 56 L.Ed.2d 697 (1978) (quoting FPC v. Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corp., 365 U.S. 1, 29, 81 S.Ct. 435, 450, 5 L.Ed.2d 377 (1961)), we cannot indict the agency’s assessment of the bypass risk as arbitra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 S. Ct. 435", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87a895d552ec89d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 47299, "end": 47312, "quote": "5 L.Ed.2d 377", "context": "697 (1978) (quoting FPC v. Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corp., 365 U.S. 1, 29, 81 S.Ct. 435, 450, 5 L.Ed.2d 377 (1961)), we cannot indict the agency’s assessment of the bypass risk as arbitrary or unsupported.\nP", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 L. Ed. 2d 377", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc0475ff4e7fa3eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 47634, "end": 47649, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at ", "context": "ying potential bypassers permission to construct facilities posing the problem. Access Order ¶ 110, 93 F.C.C.2d at 274 & n. 38. The FCC rejected this proposal as unsound and unworkable. It stated:\nWe are simply not ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "befda19dbb15f271", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 48411, "end": 48420, "quote": "Id. ¶ 111", "context": " providing service to certain groups yet constitute uneconomic bypass for other services or groups.\nId. ¶ 111, 93 F.C.C.2d at 275. It was not unreasonable for the FCC to resist an approach that would curtail, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25be5dbc5e813d75", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 48422, "end": 48440, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 275", "context": "service to certain groups yet constitute uneconomic bypass for other services or groups.\nId. ¶ 111, 93 F.C.C.2d at 275. It was not unreasonable for the FCC to resist an approach that would curtail, and perhaps stifle, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba1e6d84a312acb7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 49066, "end": 49079, "quote": "supra p. 1117", "context": "lready underscored the permissibly predictive, judgmental character of the Commission’s stance. See supra p. 1117. The FCC sufficiently established the existence of bypass as a real market force. It sufficiently e", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf9ea48d32505428", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 51197, "end": 51215, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 251", "context": " requires a pricing system consistent with the lessons “[ejconomics teaches us.” Access Order ¶ 27, 93 F.C.C.2d at 251.\nb. Universal Service\nWe turn next to an objection of a different order. Intervenor RTC challenges ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4745507c70f3a9ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 51852, "end": 51860, "quote": "id. ¶ 19", "context": "n of the extent to which NTS subscriber plant costs should be shifted to residential end users. See id. ¶ 19, 49 Fed.Reg. at 7,812 (“additional information with respect to the elasticity of demand for local e", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60f6d50f430b92e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 52371, "end": 52378, "quote": "Id. ¶ 4", "context": "user charges, and explore alternative mechanisms to assist customers of small telephone companies.” Id. ¶ 4, 49 Fed.Reg. at 7,811.\nThe FCC has thus far made two firm, correlative determinations: (1) relying ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ad3beaf47c7f20e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 52710, "end": 52718, "quote": "id. ¶ 13", "context": "rge can be levied without driving many exchange service subscribers away from the telephone system, id. ¶ 13, 49 Fed.Reg. at 7,812; (2) it has concluded that “[m]ost residential and single-line business custo", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "17cccc385908613d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 52915, "end": 52923, "quote": "id. ¶ 15", "context": "stomers can ... afford to pay at least a portion of their Common Line costs through fixed charges,” id. ¶ 15, 49 Fed. Reg. at 7,812. We see no sound basis for assailing these determinations as unreasoned or u", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "934a9c7c3eaae05b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 52925, "end": 52946, "quote": "49 Fed. Reg. at 7,812", "context": "n ... afford to pay at least a portion of their Common Line costs through fixed charges,” id. ¶ 15, 49 Fed. Reg. at 7,812. We see no sound basis for assailing these determinations as unreasoned or unsupported.\nRTC relies ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c77d04a698476b35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 53642, "end": 53652, "quote": "Id. at 7-8", "context": "ignificant by an agency charged with maintaining service at reasonable rates ‘to all the people.’ ” Id. at 7-8.\nA “Pure 2” approach, however, would involve immediate recovery of all subscrib-' er plant costs th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1863c1d4d7eff5f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 54027, "end": 54048, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 277-78", "context": "t “Pure 2 would constitute a substantial step away from universal service.” Access Order ¶¶ 120-22, 93 F.C.C.2d at 277-78.\nIn summary, the Commission at this juncture has decided no more than this: some end user charge fo", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "858176845ee5a780", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 54441, "end": 54451, "quote": "FCC 83-567", "context": "fect on universal service. See Analysis of Effects of Federal Decisions on Local Telephone Service, FCC 83-567 (released December 21, 1983). It has not decided the size of the charge, the shape of the transitio", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dcea114b83b4d915", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 55041, "end": 55052, "quote": "572 F.2d 17", "context": "e the Commission “prescribed] rates and revenue requirements.” NASUCA Brief at 24.\nIn AT & Tv. FCC, 572 F.2d 17, 21-23 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 875, 99 S.Ct. 213, 58 L.Ed.2d 190 (1978), the Second Circu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "572 F.2d 17", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_572/0017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d1225561987b4b87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 55085, "end": 55097, "quote": "439 U.S. 875", "context": "nue requirements.” NASUCA Brief at 24.\nIn AT & Tv. FCC, 572 F.2d 17, 21-23 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 875, 99 S.Ct. 213, 58 L.Ed.2d 190 (1978), the Second Circuit reviewed the FCC’s prescription of unlimit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "439 U.S. 875", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3dbf05b1e105f316", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 55099, "end": 55111, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 213", "context": "ts.” NASUCA Brief at 24.\nIn AT & Tv. FCC, 572 F.2d 17, 21-23 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 875, 99 S.Ct. 213, 58 L.Ed.2d 190 (1978), the Second Circuit reviewed the FCC’s prescription of unlimited resale and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 213", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd2b90edf33349f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 55113, "end": 55127, "quote": "58 L.Ed.2d 190", "context": "ief at 24.\nIn AT & Tv. FCC, 572 F.2d 17, 21-23 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 875, 99 S.Ct. 213, 58 L.Ed.2d 190 (1978), the Second Circuit reviewed the FCC’s prescription of unlimited resale and sharing of priva", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 L. Ed. 2d 190", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b471755f5dad3d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 55620, "end": 55632, "quote": "435 U.S. 519", "context": "nications Act and the APA. Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, 435 U.S. 519, 98 S.Ct. 1197, 55 L.Ed.2d 460 (1978); see also Western Union Telegraph Co. v. FCC, 665 F.2d 1126, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "435 U.S. 519", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e37db004c7814cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 55634, "end": 55647, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 1197", "context": "and the APA. Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, 435 U.S. 519, 98 S.Ct. 1197, 55 L.Ed.2d 460 (1978); see also Western Union Telegraph Co. v. FCC, 665 F.2d 1126, 1151-52 (D.C.Ci", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 1197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ef9810c2a3a0fcf1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 55649, "end": 55663, "quote": "55 L.Ed.2d 460", "context": "rmont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, 435 U.S. 519, 98 S.Ct. 1197, 55 L.Ed.2d 460 (1978); see also Western Union Telegraph Co. v. FCC, 665 F.2d 1126, 1151-52 (D.C.Cir.1981).\nNASUCA ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 L. Ed. 2d 460", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab73427e10d9e9e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 55717, "end": 55730, "quote": "665 F.2d 1126", "context": "l, 435 U.S. 519, 98 S.Ct. 1197, 55 L.Ed.2d 460 (1978); see also Western Union Telegraph Co. v. FCC, 665 F.2d 1126, 1151-52 (D.C.Cir.1981).\nNASUCA appears to urge separation of this case from AT & T v. FCC on two g", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "665 F.2d 1126", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_665/1126_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "03793acaba576155", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 55846, "end": 55853, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ir.1981).\nNASUCA appears to urge separation of this case from AT & T v. FCC on two grounds. Even if the Act does not require trial-type hearings for Commission prescription of “practices” as in AT & T, NA-SU", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cbd17809ffc4a99f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 56118, "end": 56125, "quote": "the Act", "context": "quirements and rates” are at stake. See NASUCA Brief at 26 n. 2 (emphasis omitted). Second, even if the Act itself does not require trial-type hearings before the Commission may prescribe rates, NASUCA state", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72244299ba22f12a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 56514, "end": 56529, "quote": "435 U.S. at 542", "context": "its own procedures. Joint Reply Brief of Petitioner NARUC, et al. at 27-28 (quoting Vermont Yankee, 435 U.S. at 542, 98 S.Ct. at 1210). NASUCA points to cases in which the Commission has investigated the legality of", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "435 U.S. 519", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b61c6e4370cac66f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 56531, "end": 56547, "quote": "98 S.Ct. at 1210", "context": "s. Joint Reply Brief of Petitioner NARUC, et al. at 27-28 (quoting Vermont Yankee, 435 U.S. at 542, 98 S.Ct. at 1210). NASUCA points to cases in which the Commission has investigated the legality of carrier-filed rat", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21e93a521ff865c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 56685, "end": 56700, "quote": "57 F.C.C.2d 960", "context": " Commission has investigated the legality of carrier-filed rate increases, see, e.g., In re AT & T, 57 F.C.C.2d 960 (1976), determined a carrier’s revenue requirements as part of an assessment of the legality of its", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 F.C.C.2d 960", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "371e35fa4259dedc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 56828, "end": 56841, "quote": "9 F.C.C.2d 30", "context": "r’s revenue requirements as part of an assessment of the legality of its charges, see In re AT & T, 9 F.C.C.2d 30, modified, 9 F.C.C.2d 960 (1967), or evaluated a carrier request to increase its prescribed rate of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 F.C.C.2d 30", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86315a4bac8ba089", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 56853, "end": 56867, "quote": "9 F.C.C.2d 960", "context": "as part of an assessment of the legality of its charges, see In re AT & T, 9 F.C.C.2d 30, modified, 9 F.C.C.2d 960 (1967), or evaluated a carrier request to increase its prescribed rate of return. In re AT & T, 73 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 F.C.C.2d 960", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bef2606decb392d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 56964, "end": 56979, "quote": "73 F.C.C.2d 689", "context": "960 (1967), or evaluated a carrier request to increase its prescribed rate of return. In re AT & T, 73 F.C.C.2d 689 (1979).\nThese arguments are not convincing. The Commission referred briefly at one point in its dis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 F.C.C.2d 689", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9afbbc70e76928a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 57188, "end": 57206, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 250", "context": "o an “approximate[ ]” revenue requirement for interstate NTS exchange plant. See Access Order 1125, 93 F.C.C.2d at 250. The rules it adopted “to determine the manner in which telephone companies will be compensated for", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39d98fd64e73e75b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 57558, "end": 57576, "quote": "93 F.C.C.2d at 256", "context": "many of the steps that carriers must follow in order to compute access charges,” Access Order ¶ 43, 93 F.C.C.2d at 256, and some limited direct prescription of charges — for example, the $25 surcharge on private lines.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "93 F.C.C.2d 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87dd4c9ab2c7dcb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 58747, "end": 58762, "quote": "73 F.C.C.2d 222", "context": "ith that goal.\nMTS & WATS Market Structure: Supplemental Notice of Inquiry and Proposed Rulemaking, 73 F.C.C.2d 222, 232 (1979).\nNASUCA stands on somewhat firmer ground in complaining that the Commission did not giv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 F.C.C.2d 222", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "812d1c88f015f7b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 59246, "end": 59258, "quote": "690 F.2d 908", "context": "med of and comment on staff positions.” Independent United States Tanker Owners Committee v. Lewis, 690 F.2d 908, 925-26 (D.C.Cir. 1982) (“[W]here an agency’s analytic task begins rather than ends with a set of f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "690 F.2d 908", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_690/0908_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8b72e2cb4dfabc69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_737/1095_01/index.html", "start": 59613, "end": 59625, "quote": "584 F.2d 519", "context": " from them.”) (emphasis in original); see United States Lines, Inc. v. Federal Maritime Commission, 584 F.2d 519, 534 (D.C.Cir.1978) (“[W]e have required information in agency files or reports identified by the a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "584 F.2d 519", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_584/0519_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1cbb7d1f5e4a3e29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 2332, "end": 2344, "quote": "463 U.S. 110", "context": "iver water for irrigation purposes. (TCID did not exist at that time.) See Nevada v. United States, 463 U.S. 110, 103 S.Ct. 2906, 2911, 77 L.Ed.2d 509 (1983). This suit became known as the Orr Ditch litigation. I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "463 U.S. 110", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c851d064f204855b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 2346, "end": 2360, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 2906", "context": " irrigation purposes. (TCID did not exist at that time.) See Nevada v. United States, 463 U.S. 110, 103 S.Ct. 2906, 2911, 77 L.Ed.2d 509 (1983). This suit became known as the Orr Ditch litigation. In 1926, the dist", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 2906", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b7e3a2194c0e9de2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 2368, "end": 2382, "quote": "77 L.Ed.2d 509", "context": "(TCID did not exist at that time.) See Nevada v. United States, 463 U.S. 110, 103 S.Ct. 2906, 2911, 77 L.Ed.2d 509 (1983). This suit became known as the Orr Ditch litigation. In 1926, the district court entered a t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 L. Ed. 2d 509", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f42743bbd4b1081", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 3124, "end": 3141, "quote": "103 S.Ct. at 2912", "context": "ated interest in settling the Orr Ditch litigation and ending the 1926 temporary restraining order. 103 S.Ct. at 2912. At that time, TCID (rather than the federal government) represented the interests of the Newlands ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 2906", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cac42e38a56b8597", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 3677, "end": 3690, "quote": "Id. at 86, 88", "context": "rr Ditch Decree” specifically incorporated the Truckee River Agreement as a portion of its holding. Id. at 86, 88.\nThe Tribe became increasingly dissatisfied with the amount of water being delivered to Pyramid Lak", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "128eaad96c89e8d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 4177, "end": 4192, "quote": "354 F.Supp. 252", "context": "mitted inefficient operation. See Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe of Indians v. Morton (Tribe v. Morton), 354 F.Supp. 252 (D.D.C.1972 & 1973). The D.C. District Court found that the Secretary’s regulations were improper, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "354 F. Supp. 252", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_354/0252_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d305b8972710ea2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 4603, "end": 4613, "quote": "Id. at 258", "context": " Pyramid Lake or be accompanied with a detailed explanation of why this level could not be reached. Id. at 258. The court rejected the regulations submitted by the Secretary, however, and directed the Tribe to ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "354 F. Supp. 252", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_354/0252_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f21dab60183901b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 4909, "end": 4930, "quote": "354 F.Supp. at 260-66", "context": "sed regulations and ordered the Secretary to publish these regulations in the Federal Register. See 354 F.Supp. at 260-66. These regulations (or “operating criteria”) allow TCID to divert a maximum of 350,000 acre feet of", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "354 F. Supp. 252", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_354/0252_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38b757567f0ade2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5138, "end": 5148, "quote": "Id. at 261", "context": "or the first water year they were in effect and a maximum of 288,129 acre feet per year thereafter. Id. at 261. The regulations also contain several provisions designed to promote efficiency. In addition, secti", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "354 F. Supp. 252", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_354/0252_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "98fc3b873af8e9bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 5453, "end": 5463, "quote": "Id. at 265", "context": "ional control of the project to TCID if TCID engages in a substantial violation of the regulations. Id. at 265.\nIn June of 1973, during the first year the new regulations were in effect, TCID intentionally viol", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "354 F. Supp. 252", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_354/0252_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7ce26b6498a1c4b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 11431, "end": 11447, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1331", "context": "nt to the Constitution, this suit is within the district court’s federal question jurisdiction. See 28 U.S.C. § 1331. Sovereign immunity is not a bar to this suit because 5 U.S.C. § 702 waives sovereign immunity for ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_85/section_1331/title28_sec1331_c56e38574c6b/1331_federal_question_the_district_courts_shall_have_origina_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "3008057ac8d2ca28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 11441, "end": 11448, "quote": "§ 1331.", "context": "Constitution, this suit is within the district court’s federal question jurisdiction. See 28 U.S.C. § 1331. Sovereign immunity is not a bar to this suit because 5 U.S.C. § 702 waives sovereign immunity for s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_85/section_1331/title28_sec1331_c56e38574c6b/1331_federal_question_the_district_courts_shall_have_origina_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "356982d548c6aed1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 11502, "end": 11516, "quote": "5 U.S.C. § 702", "context": "l question jurisdiction. See 28 U.S.C. § 1331. Sovereign immunity is not a bar to this suit because 5 U.S.C. § 702 waives sovereign immunity for suits against federal agencies and agents where relief other than mon", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "5 U.S.C. § 702", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_5/section_702/title5_sec702_0a7797bbd1ff/702_right_of_review_a_person_suffering_legal_wrong_because_o_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "3b963fb4c67a4354", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12350, "end": 12364, "quote": "5 U.S.C. § 706", "context": "y-\nThe Secretary’s promulgation of the operating criteria was neither arbitrary nor capricious. See 5 U.S.C. § 706(2)(A). The criteria were adopted under the direction of the Tribe v. Morton court after the court a", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "5 U.S.C. § 706", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f41f055aef503597", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12359, "end": 12370, "quote": "§ 706(2)(A)", "context": "cretary’s promulgation of the operating criteria was neither arbitrary nor capricious. See 5 U.S.C. § 706(2)(A). The criteria were adopted under the direction of the Tribe v. Morton court after the court and the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f316f2bb8ad75b67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12580, "end": 12598, "quote": "364 F.Supp. at 255", "context": " considered the Secretary’s obligations to TCID, to the water rights’ owners, and to the Tribe. See 364 F.Supp. at 255. After “considerpng] whether the [promulgation of the operating criteria] was based on a considerat", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a40f36ff0cee6817", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12846, "end": 12858, "quote": "401 U.S. 402", "context": "s been a clear error of judgment,” as required by Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe, 401 U.S. 402, 416, 91 S.Ct. 814, 823, 28 L.Ed.2d 136 (1971), we cannot say that the promulgation of the operatin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "401 U.S. 402", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "576241e4e0b963fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12865, "end": 12877, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 814", "context": "r of judgment,” as required by Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe, 401 U.S. 402, 416, 91 S.Ct. 814, 823, 28 L.Ed.2d 136 (1971), we cannot say that the promulgation of the operating criteria was arbi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 814", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f53fe0f6ef849215", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 12884, "end": 12898, "quote": "28 L.Ed.2d 136", "context": "required by Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe, 401 U.S. 402, 416, 91 S.Ct. 814, 823, 28 L.Ed.2d 136 (1971), we cannot say that the promulgation of the operating criteria was arbitrary or capricious.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 L. Ed. 2d 136", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65dc130d785b84a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 14254, "end": 14272, "quote": "354 F.Supp. at 260", "context": "Secretary must give proper weight to the water rights outlined in the Orr Ditch and Alpine decrees. 354 F.Supp. at 260. (The Alpine litigation was an adjudication of the water rights on the Carson River, just as the Or", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "354 F. Supp. 252", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_354/0252_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4d9edae66eb82ba6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 14656, "end": 14671, "quote": "503 F.Supp. 877", "context": "trict court entered a final disposition of this suit. United States v. Alpine Land & Reservoir Co., 503 F.Supp. 877 (D.Nev.1980). The Ninth Circuit essentially affirmed this disposition. See United States v. Alpine ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "503 F. Supp. 877", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_503/0877_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d04cfe1a4451b703", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 14793, "end": 14805, "quote": "697 F.2d 851", "context": "th Circuit essentially affirmed this disposition. See United States v. Alpine Land & Reservoir Co., 697 F.2d 851 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 104 S.Ct. 193, 78 L.Ed.2d 170 (1983).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "697 F.2d 851", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_697/0851_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "857374cbe08d1d54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 14842, "end": 14855, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 193", "context": " See United States v. Alpine Land & Reservoir Co., 697 F.2d 851 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 104 S.Ct. 193, 78 L.Ed.2d 170 (1983).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 193", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33dbf74fbc30834a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_742/0527_01/index.html", "start": 14857, "end": 14871, "quote": "78 L.Ed.2d 170", "context": "tes v. Alpine Land & Reservoir Co., 697 F.2d 851 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 104 S.Ct. 193, 78 L.Ed.2d 170 (1983).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 L. Ed. 2d 170", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0bd230f82a162dd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_755/0154_01/index.html", "start": 118, "end": 131, "quote": "747 F.2d 1581", "context": "ent has filed a petition for rehearing alleging that statements in the court’s opinion, reported at 747 F.2d 1581 (Fed.Cir.1984), inaccurately describe the review process before the Merit Systems Protection Board ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "747 F.2d 1581", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_747/1581_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d147e953abfd7eaf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_755/0154_01/index.html", "start": 519, "end": 538, "quote": "5 C.F.R. § 1201.115", "context": "em in his petition for review before the board. The opinion reasoned that the pertinent regulation, 5 C.F.R. § 1201.115, provides only limited grounds for review and that litigants, thus, cannot raise all possible groun", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "5 C.F.R. § 1201.115", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "272f87219b26aa42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_755/0154_01/index.html", "start": 1094, "end": 1107, "quote": "717 F.2d 1391", "context": "hom do not have the benefit of legal counsel.\nIn a prior decision, Lizut v. Department of the Army, 717 F.2d 1391 (Fed.Cir.1983), the court refused to consider certain claims raised on appeal which had not been ra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "717 F.2d 1391", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_717/1391_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6a3ee3ead933af7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_755/0154_01/index.html", "start": 1948, "end": 1968, "quote": "5 C.F.R. § 1201.116.", "context": "ated in the petition for review or response. This discretionary procedure is, in fact, set forth in 5 C.F.R. § 1201.116. The court’s assumption was based not only on this regulation, but also on its experience in reviewi", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0587e9e6528f20c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_755/0154_01/index.html", "start": 2653, "end": 2672, "quote": "5 C.F.R. § 1201.116", "context": "urt accepts that its understanding of the board’s actual operating procedures was in error, in that 5 C.F.R. § 1201.116 is rarely available to a party. However, the need for protection of an employee’s rights from a tec", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "5 C.F.R. § 1201.116", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6de13e324441a93f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_755/0154_01/index.html", "start": 2913, "end": 2933, "quote": "5 C.F.R. § 1201.115.", "context": "tive in view of the board’s one-step review procedure and the restriction of is-' sues contained in 5 C.F.R. § 1201.115. Thus, we reaffirm that the petition for review does not limit the issues before this court. The iss", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f20ba059d0557c35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 1261, "end": 1273, "quote": "345 F.2d 225", "context": " error to state baldly that the government’s evidence was uncontradicted. Desmond v. United States, 345 F.2d 225, 227 (1st Cir.1965); United States v. Flannery, 451 F.2d 880, 881-82 (1st Cir.1971) and cases cited", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "345 F.2d 225", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_345/0225_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1bf5b990c8ad88a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 1322, "end": 1334, "quote": "451 F.2d 880", "context": "ontradicted. Desmond v. United States, 345 F.2d 225, 227 (1st Cir.1965); United States v. Flannery, 451 F.2d 880, 881-82 (1st Cir.1971) and cases cited. Somewhat unhappily, in retrospect we note that our frequent", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "451 F.2d 880", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_451/0880_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ec5aae53c6aacce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 1557, "end": 1568, "quote": "683 F.2d 21", "context": "ain away, or to excuse, arguments that had better been left unsaid, e.g., United States v. Babbitt, 683 F.2d 21, 24 (1st Cir.1982); United States v. Savarese, 649 F.2d 83, 86-87 (1st Cir.1981); United States v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "683 F.2d 21", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_683/0021_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b28a4637924c9dd0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 1616, "end": 1627, "quote": "649 F.2d 83", "context": " unsaid, e.g., United States v. Babbitt, 683 F.2d 21, 24 (1st Cir.1982); United States v. Savarese, 649 F.2d 83, 86-87 (1st Cir.1981); United States v. Hooper, 541 F.2d 300, 306-07 & n. 9 (1st Cir.1976); and Uni", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "649 F.2d 83", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_649/0083_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1c1718ca5de339e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 1676, "end": 1688, "quote": "541 F.2d 300", "context": "t Cir.1982); United States v. Savarese, 649 F.2d 83, 86-87 (1st Cir.1981); United States v. Hooper, 541 F.2d 300, 306-07 & n. 9 (1st Cir.1976); and United States v. Goldman, 563 F.2d 501, 505 (1st Cir.1977), cert", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "541 F.2d 300", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_541/0300_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1fbcf65b42ad9386", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 1750, "end": 1762, "quote": "563 F.2d 501", "context": " United States v. Hooper, 541 F.2d 300, 306-07 & n. 9 (1st Cir.1976); and United States v. Goldman, 563 F.2d 501, 505 (1st Cir.1977), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1067, 98 S.Ct. 1245, 55 L.Ed.2d 768 (1978), may, cumula", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "563 F.2d 501", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_563/0501_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9eeb0b272b540c5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 1798, "end": 1811, "quote": "434 U.S. 1067", "context": " n. 9 (1st Cir.1976); and United States v. Goldman, 563 F.2d 501, 505 (1st Cir.1977), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1067, 98 S.Ct. 1245, 55 L.Ed.2d 768 (1978), may, cumulatively, have given more comfort than they should ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "434 U.S. 1067", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d67adc6c769ed7dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 1813, "end": 1826, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 1245", "context": "1976); and United States v. Goldman, 563 F.2d 501, 505 (1st Cir.1977), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1067, 98 S.Ct. 1245, 55 L.Ed.2d 768 (1978), may, cumulatively, have given more comfort than they should have. The princ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 1245", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "176b0e6ebc5046bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 1828, "end": 1842, "quote": "55 L.Ed.2d 768", "context": "ed States v. Goldman, 563 F.2d 501, 505 (1st Cir.1977), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1067, 98 S.Ct. 1245, 55 L.Ed.2d 768 (1978), may, cumulatively, have given more comfort than they should have. The principle against suc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 L. Ed. 2d 768", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33edb97d54679a98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2066, "end": 2078, "quote": "706 F.2d 161", "context": "ions in other circuits as well clearly show that the brochure is erroneous. E.g., Raper v. Mintzes, 706 F.2d 161, 164-67 (6th Cir. 1983); United States v. Buege, 578 F.2d 187, 188-89 & n. 1 (7th Cir.1978), cert. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "706 F.2d 161", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_706/0161_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a62f3c273448993", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2128, "end": 2140, "quote": "578 F.2d 187", "context": "is erroneous. E.g., Raper v. Mintzes, 706 F.2d 161, 164-67 (6th Cir. 1983); United States v. Buege, 578 F.2d 187, 188-89 & n. 1 (7th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 871, 99 S.Ct. 203, 58 L.Ed.2d 183 (1978); Run", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "578 F.2d 187", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_578/0187_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7bd9beb0705012f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2186, "end": 2198, "quote": "439 U.S. 871", "context": " (6th Cir. 1983); United States v. Buege, 578 F.2d 187, 188-89 & n. 1 (7th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 871, 99 S.Ct. 203, 58 L.Ed.2d 183 (1978); Runnels v. Hess, 653 F.2d 1359, 1361-63 (10th Cir.1981). Cf. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "439 U.S. 871", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e13076acd2dc9d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2200, "end": 2212, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 203", "context": "3); United States v. Buege, 578 F.2d 187, 188-89 & n. 1 (7th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 871, 99 S.Ct. 203, 58 L.Ed.2d 183 (1978); Runnels v. Hess, 653 F.2d 1359, 1361-63 (10th Cir.1981). Cf. United States ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 203", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "294882820320a1cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2214, "end": 2228, "quote": "58 L.Ed.2d 183", "context": "tes v. Buege, 578 F.2d 187, 188-89 & n. 1 (7th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 871, 99 S.Ct. 203, 58 L.Ed.2d 183 (1978); Runnels v. Hess, 653 F.2d 1359, 1361-63 (10th Cir.1981). Cf. United States v. Sanders, 547 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 L. Ed. 2d 183", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec398db892134cb6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2254, "end": 2267, "quote": "653 F.2d 1359", "context": "1 (7th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 871, 99 S.Ct. 203, 58 L.Ed.2d 183 (1978); Runnels v. Hess, 653 F.2d 1359, 1361-63 (10th Cir.1981). Cf. United States v. Sanders, 547 F.2d 1037, 1042-43 (8th Cir.1977) (“und", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "653 F.2d 1359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_653/1359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1e65eefe207ce71b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2324, "end": 2337, "quote": "547 F.2d 1037", "context": " 183 (1978); Runnels v. Hess, 653 F.2d 1359, 1361-63 (10th Cir.1981). Cf. United States v. Sanders, 547 F.2d 1037, 1042-43 (8th Cir.1977) (“undenied”), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 956, 97 S.Ct. 2679, 53 L.Ed.2d 273.\nAn", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "547 F.2d 1037", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_547/1037_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "461dd6efcfd80d55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2390, "end": 2402, "quote": "431 U.S. 956", "context": "1). Cf. United States v. Sanders, 547 F.2d 1037, 1042-43 (8th Cir.1977) (“undenied”), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 956, 97 S.Ct. 2679, 53 L.Ed.2d 273.\nAnother Department misguidance, (Id. (5)b), the prosecutor’s seemin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "431 U.S. 956", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7cca6f044333b1cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2404, "end": 2417, "quote": "97 S.Ct. 2679", "context": " States v. Sanders, 547 F.2d 1037, 1042-43 (8th Cir.1977) (“undenied”), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 956, 97 S.Ct. 2679, 53 L.Ed.2d 273.\nAnother Department misguidance, (Id. (5)b), the prosecutor’s seeming guide in the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 2679", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32f67793153c8a76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2419, "end": 2433, "quote": "53 L.Ed.2d 273", "context": "ers, 547 F.2d 1037, 1042-43 (8th Cir.1977) (“undenied”), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 956, 97 S.Ct. 2679, 53 L.Ed.2d 273.\nAnother Department misguidance, (Id. (5)b), the prosecutor’s seeming guide in the case at bar,\n“Un", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 L. Ed. 2d 273", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "beed914aac618d84", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 2468, "end": 2471, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nied”), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 956, 97 S.Ct. 2679, 53 L.Ed.2d 273.\nAnother Department misguidance, (Id. (5)b), the prosecutor’s seeming guide in the case at bar,\n“Under some circumstances you may want to", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "814c5ea1eeeee028", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 3748, "end": 3760, "quote": "752 F.2d 741", "context": "that the “how-does-he-explain” argument’s impropriety is double barrelled. In United States v. Cox, 752 F.2d 741, 745 (1st Cir. 1985), we had occasion to point out that this argument was “a fairly severe violatio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "752 F.2d 741", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_752/0741_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "668e816a4bd9dc64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 3889, "end": 3901, "quote": "380 U.S. 609", "context": " occasion to point out that this argument was “a fairly severe violation of” Griffin v. California, 380 U.S. 609, 615, 85 S.Ct. 1229, 1233, 14 L.Ed.2d 106 (1965) as constituting forbidden comment upon the defenda", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "380 U.S. 609", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ca5aec792cceb31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 3908, "end": 3921, "quote": "85 S.Ct. 1229", "context": "out that this argument was “a fairly severe violation of” Griffin v. California, 380 U.S. 609, 615, 85 S.Ct. 1229, 1233, 14 L.Ed.2d 106 (1965) as constituting forbidden comment upon the defendant’s failure to test", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 S. Ct. 1229", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d07faead417822d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 3929, "end": 3943, "quote": "14 L.Ed.2d 106", "context": "t was “a fairly severe violation of” Griffin v. California, 380 U.S. 609, 615, 85 S.Ct. 1229, 1233, 14 L.Ed.2d 106 (1965) as constituting forbidden comment upon the defendant’s failure to testify. Admittedly Cox wa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 L. Ed. 2d 106", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54f7edb4ac30b138", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 4132, "end": 4144, "quote": "659 F.2d 769", "context": "edly Cox was decided subsequent to the trial in the case at bar. However, United States v. Wilkins, 659 F.2d 769, 774 (7th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1102, 102 S.Ct. 681, 70 L.Ed.2d 646, was not. Wilkins, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "659 F.2d 769", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_659/0769_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8103877968a7ac00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 4180, "end": 4193, "quote": "454 U.S. 1102", "context": "the case at bar. However, United States v. Wilkins, 659 F.2d 769, 774 (7th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1102, 102 S.Ct. 681, 70 L.Ed.2d 646, was not. Wilkins, also, stated that the prosecutor’s summation that", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "454 U.S. 1102", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76ba0fd72f78584c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 4195, "end": 4208, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 681", "context": ". However, United States v. Wilkins, 659 F.2d 769, 774 (7th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1102, 102 S.Ct. 681, 70 L.Ed.2d 646, was not. Wilkins, also, stated that the prosecutor’s summation that the government", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 681", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f75be4ad3e66990", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 4210, "end": 4224, "quote": "70 L.Ed.2d 646", "context": "ed States v. Wilkins, 659 F.2d 769, 774 (7th Cir.1981), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1102, 102 S.Ct. 681, 70 L.Ed.2d 646, was not. Wilkins, also, stated that the prosecutor’s summation that the government’s theory was th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 L. Ed. 2d 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbdfdba4856c14d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 4516, "end": 4528, "quote": "731 F.2d 669", "context": "t car,” is, in effect, comment on defendant’s failure to testify. See also United States v. Barton, 731 F.2d 669, 673-74 (10th Cir.1984). The district court here properly corrected the other barrel, the comment’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "731 F.2d 669", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_731/0669_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2e9874a599a361a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 5104, "end": 5119, "quote": "451 F.2d at 882", "context": "s burden of proof.\nOf still greater importance, we held in Cox, overruling Flannery in this regard, 451 F.2d at 882, as required by United States v. Hastings, 461 U.S. 499, 508-12, 103 S.Ct. 1974, 1980-82, 76 L.Ed.2", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "451 F.2d 880", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_451/0880_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a2548ee5dfad4b2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 5163, "end": 5175, "quote": "461 U.S. 499", "context": "Cox, overruling Flannery in this regard, 451 F.2d at 882, as required by United States v. Hastings, 461 U.S. 499, 508-12, 103 S.Ct. 1974, 1980-82, 76 L.Ed.2d 96 (1983), that the harmless error rule applies. On th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "461 U.S. 499", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e89a0283bbb95665", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 5185, "end": 5199, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 1974", "context": "ry in this regard, 451 F.2d at 882, as required by United States v. Hastings, 461 U.S. 499, 508-12, 103 S.Ct. 1974, 1980-82, 76 L.Ed.2d 96 (1983), that the harmless error rule applies. On that basis a review of the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 1974", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cfaa9d8871ef4129", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 5210, "end": 5223, "quote": "76 L.Ed.2d 96", "context": "2d at 882, as required by United States v. Hastings, 461 U.S. 499, 508-12, 103 S.Ct. 1974, 1980-82, 76 L.Ed.2d 96 (1983), that the harmless error rule applies. On that basis a review of the present record satisfie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 L. Ed. 2d 96", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "964db56fe013ba17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 6797, "end": 6812, "quote": "345 F.2d at 227", "context": "hat there would be error, but the burden here is on the prosecutor. E.g., Desmond v. United States, 345 F.2d at 227.\nFinally, we remind prosecutors that in spite of the harmless error rule, egregious misconduct in a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "345 F.2d 225", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_345/0225_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d0582c0741d8c88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 6940, "end": 6955, "quote": "751 F.2d at 746", "context": "tors that in spite of the harmless error rule, egregious misconduct in argument, as we said in Cox, 751 F.2d at 746, may have a fatal effect.\nUnfortunately for defendant, the great weight of the evidence against him", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8147883f09d2e652", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 7551, "end": 7562, "quote": "252 F.2d 49", "context": "ave been given, tied to the jury’s resolution of that question. See, e.g., Phelps v. United States, 252 F.2d 49, 52 (5th Cir.1958); United States v. Simmons, 503 F.2d 831, 837 (5th Cir.1974). But see United Stat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "252 F.2d 49", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_252/0049_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bbbcdaef519be8dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 7609, "end": 7621, "quote": "503 F.2d 831", "context": "tion. See, e.g., Phelps v. United States, 252 F.2d 49, 52 (5th Cir.1958); United States v. Simmons, 503 F.2d 831, 837 (5th Cir.1974). But see United States v. Wright, 564 F.2d 785, 788 (8th Cir.1977) (seemingly c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "503 F.2d 831", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_503/0831_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5972e119f4107dcd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 7676, "end": 7688, "quote": "564 F.2d 785", "context": "1958); United States v. Simmons, 503 F.2d 831, 837 (5th Cir.1974). But see United States v. Wright, 564 F.2d 785, 788 (8th Cir.1977) (seemingly court decides whether witness is an accomplice). However, we will no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "564 F.2d 785", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_564/0785_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "375789d364de7414", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_758/0043_01/index.html", "start": 7938, "end": 7950, "quote": "619 F.2d 108", "context": "t tangible evidence confirming the witness’s account of defendant’s guilt. United States v. Fortes, 619 F.2d 108, 124-25 (1st Cir.1980).\nDefendant’s complaint about the handwriting requires no comment.\nAffirmed.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "619 F.2d 108", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_619/0108_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f16b2818da061c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 46, "end": 62, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "context": "\nMERRITT, Circuit Judge.\nIn this action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, the District Court found that the defendant City of Winchester and various of its city officials h", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 1983", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1983/title42_sec1983_3595ea1c3dc2/1983_civil_action_for_deprivation_of_rights_every_person_who_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d99bfdac058415c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 3087, "end": 3099, "quote": "435 U.S. 247", "context": "hreat of future violations of his constitutional rights, and also ruled that under Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247, 98 S.Ct. 1042, 55 L.Ed.2d 252 (1978), Walje was entitled to recover only nominal damages, because ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "435 U.S. 247", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60d85f34b142688a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 3101, "end": 3114, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 1042", "context": "e violations of his constitutional rights, and also ruled that under Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247, 98 S.Ct. 1042, 55 L.Ed.2d 252 (1978), Walje was entitled to recover only nominal damages, because he had not show", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 1042", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "646cb0345d8b0cc1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 3116, "end": 3130, "quote": "55 L.Ed.2d 252", "context": " his constitutional rights, and also ruled that under Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247, 98 S.Ct. 1042, 55 L.Ed.2d 252 (1978), Walje was entitled to recover only nominal damages, because he had not shown that he suffer", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 L. Ed. 2d 252", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5e43ce3f0d1c7b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 3418, "end": 3434, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 1988", "context": ". The court also found that Walje was entitled to recover attorney’s fees from the defendants under 42 U.S.C. § 1988 at a level commensurate with his degree of success in this suit. Id.\nWalje’s counsel accordingly fi", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 1988", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1988/title42_sec1988_e7171918a14f/1988_proceedings_in_vindication_of_civil_rights_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e4674a577e8cccc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 3500, "end": 3503, "quote": "Id.", "context": " defendants under 42 U.S.C. § 1988 at a level commensurate with his degree of success in this suit. Id.\nWalje’s counsel accordingly filed a motion for attorney’s fees, with accompanying documentation of ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73d0f9646e8a6964", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 4427, "end": 4430, "quote": "Id.", "context": "mited but significant” degree of success and $4,000 was a fair and reasonable attorney’s fee award. Id.\nThe defendants did not appeal the District Court’s decision finding a First Amendment violation. On", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a6ed8bd1b7555e7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 4753, "end": 4765, "quote": "719 F.2d 151", "context": "y to nominal damages was made prior to and without the benefit of our decision in Brandon v. Allen, 719 F.2d 151, 154-55 (6th Cir.1983), rev’d on other issues sub nom. Brandon v. Holt, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 873, 83", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "719 F.2d 151", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_719/0151_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ebef6caf2762347", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 4848, "end": 4861, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 873", "context": "len, 719 F.2d 151, 154-55 (6th Cir.1983), rev’d on other issues sub nom. Brandon v. Holt, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 873, 83 L.Ed.2d 878 (1985), that Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247, 98 S.Ct. 1042, 55 L.Ed.2d 252 (1978), w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 873", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "020554882b5b97eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 4863, "end": 4877, "quote": "83 L.Ed.2d 878", "context": "51, 154-55 (6th Cir.1983), rev’d on other issues sub nom. Brandon v. Holt, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 873, 83 L.Ed.2d 878 (1985), that Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247, 98 S.Ct. 1042, 55 L.Ed.2d 252 (1978), was limited to ho", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 L. Ed. 2d 878", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61de27098ef326af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 4908, "end": 4920, "quote": "435 U.S. 247", "context": "ues sub nom. Brandon v. Holt, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 873, 83 L.Ed.2d 878 (1985), that Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247, 98 S.Ct. 1042, 55 L.Ed.2d 252 (1978), was limited to holding that a successful plaintiff in a proc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "435 U.S. 247", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52236c83a7e4a94f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 4922, "end": 4935, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 1042", "context": "randon v. Holt, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 873, 83 L.Ed.2d 878 (1985), that Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247, 98 S.Ct. 1042, 55 L.Ed.2d 252 (1978), was limited to holding that a successful plaintiff in a procedural due proc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 1042", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4df337a52a817acb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 4937, "end": 4951, "quote": "55 L.Ed.2d 252", "context": " — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 873, 83 L.Ed.2d 878 (1985), that Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247, 98 S.Ct. 1042, 55 L.Ed.2d 252 (1978), was limited to holding that a successful plaintiff in a procedural due process Section 1983", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 L. Ed. 2d 252", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63344e6a1fdbf75d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 5039, "end": 5051, "quote": "Section 1983", "context": " L.Ed.2d 252 (1978), was limited to holding that a successful plaintiff in a procedural due process Section 1983 action is entitled to recover only nominal damages in the absence of proof of actual injury, while ", "category": "section_1983", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75f71b2f9f02843b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 5154, "end": 5166, "quote": "Section 1983", "context": "tion is entitled to recover only nominal damages in the absence of proof of actual injury, while in Section 1983 actions establishing violations of substantive constitutional rights, general damages may be awarde", "category": "section_1983", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5856de0a2e430145", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 5508, "end": 5526, "quote": "435 U.S. at 257-58", "context": "nd prerequisites for their recovery provide the starting point for the inquiry under 1983 as well,” 435 U.S. at 257-58, 98 S.Ct. at 1048-49, we noted in Brandon that the common law had permitted recovery for a wide arr", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "435 U.S. 247", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b25c60374408892b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 5528, "end": 5547, "quote": "98 S.Ct. at 1048-49", "context": " their recovery provide the starting point for the inquiry under 1983 as well,” 435 U.S. at 257-58, 98 S.Ct. at 1048-49, we noted in Brandon that the common law had permitted recovery for a wide array of intangible “dig", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 1042", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2c4ab3750aad581f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 5765, "end": 5777, "quote": "719 F.2d at ", "context": " in which cases injury was presumed and general as distinguished from special damages were allowed. 719 F.2d at 155 (citing D. Dobbs, Law of Remedies, § 7.3, at 528-29 (1973)).\nBrandon involved a police officer’s", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "719 F.2d 151", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_719/0151_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b53c162d44e97de0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 5816, "end": 5821, "quote": "§ 7.3", "context": "distinguished from special damages were allowed. 719 F.2d at 155 (citing D. Dobbs, Law of Remedies, § 7.3, at 528-29 (1973)).\nBrandon involved a police officer’s brutal beating and stabbing of a young high", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df4ab51eb09229c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 6371, "end": 6383, "quote": "667 F.2d 892", "context": " were presumed from the violation of the victim’s right to bodily integrity. See Corriz v. Naranjo, 667 F.2d 892, 897-98 (10th Cir.1981), cert. dismissed, 458 U.S. 1123, 103 S.Ct. 5, 73 L.Ed.2d 1394 (1982); Herre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "667 F.2d 892", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_667/0892_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f407cca57646314e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 6426, "end": 6439, "quote": "458 U.S. 1123", "context": " to bodily integrity. See Corriz v. Naranjo, 667 F.2d 892, 897-98 (10th Cir.1981), cert. dismissed, 458 U.S. 1123, 103 S.Ct. 5, 73 L.Ed.2d 1394 (1982); Herrera v. Valentine, 653 F.2d 1220, 1227-31 (8th Cir.1981).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "458 U.S. 1123", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a70c3297b9f24d94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 6441, "end": 6452, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 5", "context": "grity. See Corriz v. Naranjo, 667 F.2d 892, 897-98 (10th Cir.1981), cert. dismissed, 458 U.S. 1123, 103 S.Ct. 5, 73 L.Ed.2d 1394 (1982); Herrera v. Valentine, 653 F.2d 1220, 1227-31 (8th Cir.1981).\nIn the presen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 5", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d47a229ec685f40c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 6454, "end": 6469, "quote": "73 L.Ed.2d 1394", "context": "rriz v. Naranjo, 667 F.2d 892, 897-98 (10th Cir.1981), cert. dismissed, 458 U.S. 1123, 103 S.Ct. 5, 73 L.Ed.2d 1394 (1982); Herrera v. Valentine, 653 F.2d 1220, 1227-31 (8th Cir.1981).\nIn the present case, we are co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 L. Ed. 2d 1394", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d7ea0674b3ce8dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 6500, "end": 6513, "quote": "653 F.2d 1220", "context": "r.1981), cert. dismissed, 458 U.S. 1123, 103 S.Ct. 5, 73 L.Ed.2d 1394 (1982); Herrera v. Valentine, 653 F.2d 1220, 1227-31 (8th Cir.1981).\nIn the present case, we are confronted with a violation of the First Amend", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "653 F.2d 1220", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_653/1220_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6faf73f2c9ce447c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 7149, "end": 7155, "quote": "§ 116A", "context": " an estimate, however rough, of the harm to reputation. W. Pros-ser & W.P. Keeton, The Law of Torts § 116A, at 843 (5th ed. 1985). General damages were also awarded in similarly speech-related torts such as", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7de65fa7df512db9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 7558, "end": 7563, "quote": "§ 904", "context": "lting from the tort that it is the very basis of the cause of action, Restatement (Second) of Torts § 904 (1979); that is, in these cases, the major purpose of the suit may be to obtain a public declaratio", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31c794928023d0d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 7813, "end": 7818, "quote": "§ 901", "context": "neral damages serve the purpose of vindicating the injured party. See Restatement (Second) of Torts § 901, at 453 (1977). A similar principle has been recognized in a centuries-old line of cases holding th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cf121e76bae97cbb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 8069, "end": 8078, "quote": "260 F. 64", "context": "re presumed from the wrongful deprivation of it without evidence of actual loss.” Wayne v. Venable, 260 F. 64, 66 (8th Cir.1919). See also Lane v. Wilson, 307 U.S. 268, 59 S.Ct. 872, 83 L.Ed. 1281 (1939); Nixo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "260 F. 64", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33785db8c44b105f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 8124, "end": 8136, "quote": "307 U.S. 268", "context": " evidence of actual loss.” Wayne v. Venable, 260 F. 64, 66 (8th Cir.1919). See also Lane v. Wilson, 307 U.S. 268, 59 S.Ct. 872, 83 L.Ed. 1281 (1939); Nixon v. Herndon, 273 U.S. 536, 47 S.Ct. 446, 71 L.Ed. 759 (19", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "307 U.S. 268", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f103bc7ebc232bc9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 8138, "end": 8150, "quote": "59 S.Ct. 872", "context": "ctual loss.” Wayne v. Venable, 260 F. 64, 66 (8th Cir.1919). See also Lane v. Wilson, 307 U.S. 268, 59 S.Ct. 872, 83 L.Ed. 1281 (1939); Nixon v. Herndon, 273 U.S. 536, 47 S.Ct. 446, 71 L.Ed. 759 (1927).\nAs a basi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 S. Ct. 872", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe72a9cd123c64a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 8152, "end": 8165, "quote": "83 L.Ed. 1281", "context": "ayne v. Venable, 260 F. 64, 66 (8th Cir.1919). See also Lane v. Wilson, 307 U.S. 268, 59 S.Ct. 872, 83 L.Ed. 1281 (1939); Nixon v. Herndon, 273 U.S. 536, 47 S.Ct. 446, 71 L.Ed. 759 (1927).\nAs a basic element of ou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 L. Ed. 1281", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98822e5924de8860", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 8192, "end": 8204, "quote": "273 U.S. 536", "context": "1919). See also Lane v. Wilson, 307 U.S. 268, 59 S.Ct. 872, 83 L.Ed. 1281 (1939); Nixon v. Herndon, 273 U.S. 536, 47 S.Ct. 446, 71 L.Ed. 759 (1927).\nAs a basic element of our fundamental law, the First Amendment’", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "273 U.S. 536", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2e00286e826c5d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 8206, "end": 8218, "quote": "47 S.Ct. 446", "context": "o Lane v. Wilson, 307 U.S. 268, 59 S.Ct. 872, 83 L.Ed. 1281 (1939); Nixon v. Herndon, 273 U.S. 536, 47 S.Ct. 446, 71 L.Ed. 759 (1927).\nAs a basic element of our fundamental law, the First Amendment’s protections ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 S. Ct. 446", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e74dd1827fd5c39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 8220, "end": 8232, "quote": "71 L.Ed. 759", "context": "on, 307 U.S. 268, 59 S.Ct. 872, 83 L.Ed. 1281 (1939); Nixon v. Herndon, 273 U.S. 536, 47 S.Ct. 446, 71 L.Ed. 759 (1927).\nAs a basic element of our fundamental law, the First Amendment’s protections of speech, pre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 L. Ed. 759", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3c6ed54a2a8a1f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 8952, "end": 8964, "quote": "Section 1983", "context": "nized that general damages are appropriate where the very violation itself causes harm, so too must Section 1983 permit the recovery of general damages for First Amendment violations, which by their very nature w", "category": "section_1983", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3a0441d8907cbc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 9299, "end": 9312, "quote": "562 F.2d 1279", "context": "e right and to deter future conduct that threatens its practical significance. See Tatum v. Morton, 562 F.2d 1279, 1282 (D.C.Cir.1977) (right to demonstrate is an important strand in First Amendment cluster of rig", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "562 F.2d 1279", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_562/1279_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2069a598e8dca8a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 9995, "end": 10007, "quote": "461 U.S. 424", "context": " the above cited cases and other relevant authority on general damages.\nB.\nIn Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 103 S.Ct. 1933, 76 L.Ed.2d 40 (1983), the Court considered the appropriate method of determining “", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "461 U.S. 424", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c80b308e99bb5a19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 10009, "end": 10023, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 1933", "context": "ed cases and other relevant authority on general damages.\nB.\nIn Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 103 S.Ct. 1933, 76 L.Ed.2d 40 (1983), the Court considered the appropriate method of determining “reasonable” atto", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 1933", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75ab5e23b5c56739", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 10025, "end": 10038, "quote": "76 L.Ed.2d 40", "context": "er relevant authority on general damages.\nB.\nIn Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 103 S.Ct. 1933, 76 L.Ed.2d 40 (1983), the Court considered the appropriate method of determining “reasonable” attorney’s fees und", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 L. Ed. 2d 40", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f399e7ccac9beaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 10141, "end": 10153, "quote": "Section 1988", "context": "983), the Court considered the appropriate method of determining “reasonable” attorney’s fees under Section 1988 in situations where the plaintiff is deemed to be prevailing even though he succeeded on only some ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "864ea1c308fb9013", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 10376, "end": 10391, "quote": "461 U.S. at 437", "context": "f. Although emphasizing the district court’s discretion in determining the amount of the fee award, 461 U.S. at 437, 103 S.Ct. at 1941, the Court reversed and remanded because it found that the district court had no", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "461 U.S. 424", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d52fb49ef099bdfc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 10393, "end": 10410, "quote": "103 S.Ct. at 1941", "context": "sizing the district court’s discretion in determining the amount of the fee award, 461 U.S. at 437, 103 S.Ct. at 1941, the Court reversed and remanded because it found that the district court had not properly consider", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81dd2d6de006a063", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 10593, "end": 10608, "quote": "461 U.S. at 438", "context": "properly considered the relationship between the extent of success and the amount of the fee award. 461 U.S. at 438, 103 S.Ct. at 1942. The Court set forth the following standards for determining fees in these parti", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "461 U.S. 424", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62dea99f90524101", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 10610, "end": 10627, "quote": "103 S.Ct. at 1942", "context": "ed the relationship between the extent of success and the amount of the fee award. 461 U.S. at 438, 103 S.Ct. at 1942. The Court set forth the following standards for determining fees in these partial success cases:\nW", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b3b0dfbb4aba85d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 11318, "end": 11333, "quote": "461 U.S. at 440", "context": "court should award only that amount of fees that is reasonable in relation to the results obtained.\n461 U.S. at 440, 103 S.Ct. at 1943.\nThe District Court found that Walje had achieved “only limited success,” and aw", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "461 U.S. 424", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ebe8123cf15a9883", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 11335, "end": 11352, "quote": "103 S.Ct. at 1943", "context": "d only that amount of fees that is reasonable in relation to the results obtained.\n461 U.S. at 440, 103 S.Ct. at 1943.\nThe District Court found that Walje had achieved “only limited success,” and awarded what it calle", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "35be99533a38cdf4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 11544, "end": 11556, "quote": "611 F.2d 624", "context": "it called a “reasonable” fee. However, in Northcross v. Board of Education of Memphis City Schools, 611 F.2d 624, 636-37 (6th Cir.1979), we held that while a district court retains discretion in determining a “re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "611 F.2d 624", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_611/0624_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ec14dc5db0faf91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 12453, "end": 12468, "quote": "461 U.S. at 440", "context": "s in which the plaintiff has won “substantial relief,” and in accordance with Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. at 440, 103 S.Ct. at 1943, should not reduce the attorney’s fee award here simply because it did not adopt", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "461 U.S. 424", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc07d7a2e87463f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 12470, "end": 12487, "quote": "103 S.Ct. at 1943", "context": "aintiff has won “substantial relief,” and in accordance with Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. at 440, 103 S.Ct. at 1943, should not reduce the attorney’s fee award here simply because it did not adopt plaintiff’s conten", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 1933", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24ac037cc25aa431", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_773/0729_01/index.html", "start": 13021, "end": 13037, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 1988", "context": " to the District Court for further consideration of these issues in accordance with this opinion.\n. 42 U.S.C. § 1988 provides that in federal civil rights actions, \"the court, in its discretion, may allow the prevail", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 1988", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1988/title42_sec1988_e7171918a14f/1988_proceedings_in_vindication_of_civil_rights_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "96e6564833480b81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 468, "end": 483, "quote": "46 U.S.C. § 688", "context": "against appellants Maritime Overseas Corporation and Second Shipmor Associates under the Jones Act, 46 U.S.C. § 688, seeking damages for injuries sustained when he slipped and fell on board the S/S OVERSEAS OHIO. Br", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "46 U.S.C. § 688", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fec9d4055720ff7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 2866, "end": 2879, "quote": "549 F.2d 1001", "context": "flict, then the judge has no authority to enter judgment based upon those answers. Fugitt v. Jones, 549 F.2d 1001, 1005 (5th Cir.1977). Thus, failure to object does not waive the right to raise the issue in a moti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "549 F.2d 1001", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_549/1001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "754546cd31df36a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 3100, "end": 3112, "quote": "598 F.2d 402", "context": " answers to interrogatories result in irreconcilable conflict. Guidry v. Kem Manufacturing Company, 598 F.2d 402, 407 (5th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 929, 100 S.Ct. 1318, 63 L.Ed.2d 763 (1980); Mercer v. L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "598 F.2d 402", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_598/0402_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e44d6e36cb4d335", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 3148, "end": 3160, "quote": "445 U.S. 929", "context": "able conflict. Guidry v. Kem Manufacturing Company, 598 F.2d 402, 407 (5th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 929, 100 S.Ct. 1318, 63 L.Ed.2d 763 (1980); Mercer v. Long Manufacturing NC, Inc., 671 F.2d 946, 947 (5", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "445 U.S. 929", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f65364fe2a9aad68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 3162, "end": 3176, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 1318", "context": " Guidry v. Kem Manufacturing Company, 598 F.2d 402, 407 (5th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 929, 100 S.Ct. 1318, 63 L.Ed.2d 763 (1980); Mercer v. Long Manufacturing NC, Inc., 671 F.2d 946, 947 (5th Cir.1982); Al", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 1318", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea25bf3dfb76f0a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 3178, "end": 3192, "quote": "63 L.Ed.2d 763", "context": "anufacturing Company, 598 F.2d 402, 407 (5th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 929, 100 S.Ct. 1318, 63 L.Ed.2d 763 (1980); Mercer v. Long Manufacturing NC, Inc., 671 F.2d 946, 947 (5th Cir.1982); Alverez v. J. Ray ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 L. Ed. 2d 763", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8fa86feb7b728ef8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 3240, "end": 3252, "quote": "671 F.2d 946", "context": "denied, 445 U.S. 929, 100 S.Ct. 1318, 63 L.Ed.2d 763 (1980); Mercer v. Long Manufacturing NC, Inc., 671 F.2d 946, 947 (5th Cir.1982); Alverez v. J. Ray McDermott, 674 F.2d 1037 (5th Cir.1982). We conclude that ap", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "671 F.2d 946", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_671/0946_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ed276b74771aea11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 3303, "end": 3316, "quote": "674 F.2d 1037", "context": "rcer v. Long Manufacturing NC, Inc., 671 F.2d 946, 947 (5th Cir.1982); Alverez v. J. Ray McDermott, 674 F.2d 1037 (5th Cir.1982). We conclude that appellants have met the procedural requirement to raise the incons", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "674 F.2d 1037", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_674/1037_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c5b73324bdcaa615", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 4806, "end": 4818, "quote": "189 U.S. 158", "context": "e of a ship as a consequence of the owner’s failure to provide a seaworthy vessel. See The Osceola, 189 U.S. 158, 23 S.Ct. 483, 47 L.Ed. 760 (1903).\nIn 1920, Congress passed the Jones Act. This act gave recovery ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "189 U.S. 158", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e2712c2cf08645f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 4820, "end": 4832, "quote": "23 S.Ct. 483", "context": " a consequence of the owner’s failure to provide a seaworthy vessel. See The Osceola, 189 U.S. 158, 23 S.Ct. 483, 47 L.Ed. 760 (1903).\nIn 1920, Congress passed the Jones Act. This act gave recovery to seamen for ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 S. Ct. 483", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e18a47c24a8c6f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 4834, "end": 4846, "quote": "47 L.Ed. 760", "context": " of the owner’s failure to provide a seaworthy vessel. See The Osceola, 189 U.S. 158, 23 S.Ct. 483, 47 L.Ed. 760 (1903).\nIn 1920, Congress passed the Jones Act. This act gave recovery to seamen for injuries susta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 L. Ed. 760", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f248726f4524fe70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5047, "end": 5059, "quote": "259 U.S. 255", "context": "ned through the negligence of the shipowner. Two years later, in Carlisle Packing Co. v. Sandanger, 259 U.S. 255, 42 S.Ct. 475, 66 L.Ed. 927 (1922), the Court made its first statement that seaworthiness was unrel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "259 U.S. 255", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9983bdd23be35ef9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5061, "end": 5073, "quote": "42 S.Ct. 475", "context": "e negligence of the shipowner. Two years later, in Carlisle Packing Co. v. Sandanger, 259 U.S. 255, 42 S.Ct. 475, 66 L.Ed. 927 (1922), the Court made its first statement that seaworthiness was unrelated to the st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 S. Ct. 475", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe7d64daf779930d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5075, "end": 5087, "quote": "66 L.Ed. 927", "context": "f the shipowner. Two years later, in Carlisle Packing Co. v. Sandanger, 259 U.S. 255, 42 S.Ct. 475, 66 L.Ed. 927 (1922), the Court made its first statement that seaworthiness was unrelated to the standard of ordi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 L. Ed. 927", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "786862c98db90f92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5271, "end": 5282, "quote": "321 U.S. 96", "context": "standard of ordinary care which applies in a personal injury case. In Mahnich v. Southern S.S. Co., 321 U.S. 96, 64 S.Ct. 455, 88 L.Ed. 561 (1944), the Court gave an unqualified stamp of approval to the view tha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "321 U.S. 96", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f5d2a02a54aaee5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5284, "end": 5296, "quote": "64 S.Ct. 455", "context": "rdinary care which applies in a personal injury case. In Mahnich v. Southern S.S. Co., 321 U.S. 96, 64 S.Ct. 455, 88 L.Ed. 561 (1944), the Court gave an unqualified stamp of approval to the view that the duty of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 S. Ct. 455", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4841d93890f0d19e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5298, "end": 5310, "quote": "88 L.Ed. 561", "context": "hich applies in a personal injury case. In Mahnich v. Southern S.S. Co., 321 U.S. 96, 64 S.Ct. 455, 88 L.Ed. 561 (1944), the Court gave an unqualified stamp of approval to the view that the duty of the shipowner ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 L. Ed. 561", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a35c1b18ad32d15c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5682, "end": 5694, "quote": "400 U.S. 494", "context": "orthiness is a completely separate concept from negligence. See Usner v. Luckenbach Overseas Corp., 400 U.S. 494, 91 S.Ct. 514, 27 L.Ed.2d 562, (1971); 1B Benedict on Admiralty § 23 (1984); Mitchell v. Trawler Ra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "400 U.S. 494", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f2cba0f7b279438", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5696, "end": 5708, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 514", "context": " completely separate concept from negligence. See Usner v. Luckenbach Overseas Corp., 400 U.S. 494, 91 S.Ct. 514, 27 L.Ed.2d 562, (1971); 1B Benedict on Admiralty § 23 (1984); Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, Inc., 362", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 514", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e8a32738c93be09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5710, "end": 5724, "quote": "27 L.Ed.2d 562", "context": "parate concept from negligence. See Usner v. Luckenbach Overseas Corp., 400 U.S. 494, 91 S.Ct. 514, 27 L.Ed.2d 562, (1971); 1B Benedict on Admiralty § 23 (1984); Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, Inc., 362 U.S. 539, 549, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 L. Ed. 2d 562", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90791cee8935a055", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5759, "end": 5763, "quote": "§ 23", "context": "enbach Overseas Corp., 400 U.S. 494, 91 S.Ct. 514, 27 L.Ed.2d 562, (1971); 1B Benedict on Admiralty § 23 (1984); Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, Inc., 362 U.S. 539, 549, 80 S.Ct. 926, 932, 4 L.Ed.2d 941, 948 (", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b88f00bb4c651b53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5805, "end": 5817, "quote": "362 U.S. 539", "context": "514, 27 L.Ed.2d 562, (1971); 1B Benedict on Admiralty § 23 (1984); Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, Inc., 362 U.S. 539, 549, 80 S.Ct. 926, 932, 4 L.Ed.2d 941, 948 (1960) (“From that date to this, the decisions of this ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "362 U.S. 539", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6db1a36479ecced1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5824, "end": 5836, "quote": "80 S.Ct. 926", "context": ", (1971); 1B Benedict on Admiralty § 23 (1984); Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, Inc., 362 U.S. 539, 549, 80 S.Ct. 926, 932, 4 L.Ed.2d 941, 948 (1960) (“From that date to this, the decisions of this Court have unde-via", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 S. Ct. 926", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f09cf33ceb5a3c2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 5843, "end": 5856, "quote": "4 L.Ed.2d 941", "context": "ct on Admiralty § 23 (1984); Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, Inc., 362 U.S. 539, 549, 80 S.Ct. 926, 932, 4 L.Ed.2d 941, 948 (1960) (“From that date to this, the decisions of this Court have unde-viatingly reflected an ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 L. Ed. 2d 941", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1957693dec906572", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 6367, "end": 6380, "quote": "747 F.2d 1092", "context": "torical development of negligence and unseaworthiness in mind. In Kokesh v. American Steamship Co., 747 F.2d 1092 (6th Cir.1984), the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals has recently held that findings of seaworthiness", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "747 F.2d 1092", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_747/1092_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "010b9ef9fcbb2128", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 7189, "end": 7200, "quote": "Id. at 1094", "context": "low from the vessel’s ballast tanks, the flooding of the deck did not make the vessel unseaworthy.” Id. at 1094. Thus, Kokesh held unequivocally that the verdicts were not inconsistent. The Second Circuit Court ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "747 F.2d 1092", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_747/1092_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "92cf5894f9f5ae0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 7375, "end": 7387, "quote": "512 F.2d 660", "context": "The Second Circuit Court of Appeals has held to the contrary in Bernardini v. Rederi A/B Sa-turnus, 512 F.2d 660 (2nd Cir.1975).\nThe Kokesh holding is in agreement with the decision of the district court in this ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "512 F.2d 660", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_512/0660_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0075bde6ef59f927", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 7626, "end": 7642, "quote": "674 F.2d at 1041", "context": "rt has not erred. Unseaworthiness and negligence are two separate grounds of recovery. See Alverez, 674 F.2d at 1041; Thezan v. Maritime Overseas Corp., 708 F.2d 175, 180 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 1050, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "674 F.2d 1037", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_674/1037_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bd9346ffbeb7a23e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 7679, "end": 7691, "quote": "708 F.2d 175", "context": "two separate grounds of recovery. See Alverez, 674 F.2d at 1041; Thezan v. Maritime Overseas Corp., 708 F.2d 175, 180 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 1050, 104 S.Ct. 729, 79 L.Ed.2d 189 (1984). In the pres", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "708 F.2d 175", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_708/0175_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "15324c1299bd8fb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 7727, "end": 7740, "quote": "464 U.S. 1050", "context": "74 F.2d at 1041; Thezan v. Maritime Overseas Corp., 708 F.2d 175, 180 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 1050, 104 S.Ct. 729, 79 L.Ed.2d 189 (1984). In the present case, the jury was instructed that these were", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "464 U.S. 1050", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5642e9ace72036b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 7742, "end": 7755, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 729", "context": "; Thezan v. Maritime Overseas Corp., 708 F.2d 175, 180 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 1050, 104 S.Ct. 729, 79 L.Ed.2d 189 (1984). In the present case, the jury was instructed that these were two separate t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 729", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e8a5830eaf02945", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 7757, "end": 7771, "quote": "79 L.Ed.2d 189", "context": "itime Overseas Corp., 708 F.2d 175, 180 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 1050, 104 S.Ct. 729, 79 L.Ed.2d 189 (1984). In the present case, the jury was instructed that these were two separate theories of recov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 L. Ed. 2d 189", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4c321a60e837d65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 9382, "end": 9397, "quote": "362 U.S. at 550", "context": "m concepts of negligence. To hold otherwise now would be to erase more than just a page of history.\n362 U.S. at 550, 80 S.Ct. at 933, 4 L.Ed.2d at 948.\nIn the present case, the jury answers to the negligence and uns", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "362 U.S. 539", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a82cc55962805d0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 9399, "end": 9414, "quote": "80 S.Ct. at 933", "context": "ligence. To hold otherwise now would be to erase more than just a page of history.\n362 U.S. at 550, 80 S.Ct. at 933, 4 L.Ed.2d at 948.\nIn the present case, the jury answers to the negligence and unseaworthiness inte", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "80 S. Ct. 926", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "758e582e8d28b8a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 9416, "end": 9432, "quote": "4 L.Ed.2d at 948", "context": "otherwise now would be to erase more than just a page of history.\n362 U.S. at 550, 80 S.Ct. at 933, 4 L.Ed.2d at 948.\nIn the present case, the jury answers to the negligence and unseaworthiness interrogatories are no", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "4 L. Ed. 2d 941", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6be1b2b69aaed57b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 9843, "end": 9855, "quote": "362 U.S. 539", "context": "discussion is taken in substance from the Supreme Court opinion in Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, Inc., 362 U.S. 539, 80 S.Ct. 926, 4 L.Ed.2d 941 (1960).\n. R.W. Emerson, Self-Reliance, (1841). Emerson also remarked, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "362 U.S. 539", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62d9a241caec1ebb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 9857, "end": 9869, "quote": "80 S.Ct. 926", "context": "taken in substance from the Supreme Court opinion in Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, Inc., 362 U.S. 539, 80 S.Ct. 926, 4 L.Ed.2d 941 (1960).\n. R.W. Emerson, Self-Reliance, (1841). Emerson also remarked, \"With consiste", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 S. Ct. 926", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8206b0a022da999b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 9871, "end": 9884, "quote": "4 L.Ed.2d 941", "context": "ance from the Supreme Court opinion in Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, Inc., 362 U.S. 539, 80 S.Ct. 926, 4 L.Ed.2d 941 (1960).\n. R.W. Emerson, Self-Reliance, (1841). Emerson also remarked, \"With consistency a great sou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 L. Ed. 2d 941", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3643a7f6613040c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_779/0296_02/index.html", "start": 10013, "end": 10016, "quote": "Id.", "context": "-Reliance, (1841). Emerson also remarked, \"With consistency a great soul has simply nothing to do.” Id.\n", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "4 L. Ed. 2d 941", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e8993e0da79aec97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 3486, "end": 3499, "quote": "404 Mich. 477", "context": "n is a resident of a household announced in Workman v. Detroit Automobile Inter-Insurance Exchange, 404 Mich. 477, 274 N.W.2d 373 (1979). The Michigan Supreme Court in that case sought to determine whether an indi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "404 Mich. 477", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b20734d9c3936af9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 3501, "end": 3515, "quote": "274 N.W.2d 373", "context": " of a household announced in Workman v. Detroit Automobile Inter-Insurance Exchange, 404 Mich. 477, 274 N.W.2d 373 (1979). The Michigan Supreme Court in that case sought to determine whether an individual was a “do", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "274 N.W.2d 373", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4feb2292b86ae28c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 3846, "end": 3856, "quote": "Id. at 495", "context": "rew the test from cases that dealt with questions of residence for insurance policies such as this. Id. at 495 & n. 4, 274 N.W.2d 373. The test involves the weighing of four factors: 1) subjective or declared i", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29f45e3aeb56167a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 3865, "end": 3879, "quote": "274 N.W.2d 373", "context": "ases that dealt with questions of residence for insurance policies such as this. Id. at 495 & n. 4, 274 N.W.2d 373. The test involves the weighing of four factors: 1) subjective or declared intent of the individual", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "274 N.W.2d 373", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "effa04db21a6d32d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 4206, "end": 4219, "quote": "Id. at 496-97", "context": "er they live in the same house or premises, 4) whether the individual has another place of lodging. Id. at 496-97, 274 N.W.2d 373.\nThis test is properly applied in this case, and all four factors point in varying ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "274 N.W.2d 373", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9480e2db48b6a2c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 4221, "end": 4235, "quote": "274 N.W.2d 373", "context": " the same house or premises, 4) whether the individual has another place of lodging. Id. at 496-97, 274 N.W.2d 373.\nThis test is properly applied in this case, and all four factors point in varying degrees toward a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "274 N.W.2d 373", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a2b625bbcdce800f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 5065, "end": 5082, "quote": "140 Mich.App. 516", "context": "rued strictly against the insurer. See, e.g., Western Casualty and Surety Group v. Coloma Township, 140 Mich.App. 516, 522, 364 N.W.2d 367 (1985). An ambiguity exists when the language “may be reasonably understood in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 Mich. App. 516", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "51c02a7ce2d4a050", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 5089, "end": 5103, "quote": "364 N.W.2d 367", "context": "e insurer. See, e.g., Western Casualty and Surety Group v. Coloma Township, 140 Mich.App. 516, 522, 364 N.W.2d 367 (1985). An ambiguity exists when the language “may be reasonably understood in different ways.” For", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "364 N.W.2d 367", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ece9f6e73b38c1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 5256, "end": 5268, "quote": "717 F.2d 959", "context": "e reasonably understood in different ways.” Ford Motor Credit Corp. v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., 717 F.2d 959, 962 (6th Cir.1983) (applying Michigan law).\nThe Odoms argue that the phrase can be reasonably cons", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "717 F.2d 959", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_717/0959_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cca464771130a5ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 5819, "end": 5822, "quote": "Id.", "context": " the type of questions you have and if that’s our definition of ambiguous, I would agree with you.” Id. If the question before us were only whether the phrase meant legal care or physical care, we would ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "717 F.2d 959", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_717/0959_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fea0d5cae72f0b3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 6862, "end": 6874, "quote": "746 F.2d 323", "context": "nt’s conclusion that the factors identified in Grand Trunk Western R.R. v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 746 F.2d 323, 326 (6th Cir.1984), when applied to this case, compel that we deny relief. 1) Judgment will settle", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "746 F.2d 323", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_746/0323_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ca259c9e8cf7b7aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 8737, "end": 8753, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2201", "context": "n brought by the insurance company.\nThe granting of declaratory judgment is a matter of discretion. 28 U.S.C. § 2201. Although that discretion is exercised in the first instance by the trial court, it is reviewable o", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2201", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_151/section_2201/title28_sec2201_38f258286f14/2201_creation_of_remedy_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "923f6f0192cd5013", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 8747, "end": 8754, "quote": "§ 2201.", "context": "by the insurance company.\nThe granting of declaratory judgment is a matter of discretion. 28 U.S.C. § 2201. Although that discretion is exercised in the first instance by the trial court, it is reviewable on", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_151/section_2201/title28_sec2201_38f258286f14/2201_creation_of_remedy_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "2c1c4604564035e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 9119, "end": 9131, "quote": "746 F.2d 328", "context": "aw and refuse to decide the issues presented.” Grand Trunk Western R.R. v. Consolidated Rail Corp., 746 F.2d 328, 325-26 (6th Cir.1984). See also Green v. Mansour, — U.S.-, 106 S.Ct. 423, 428, 88 L.Ed.2d 371 (198", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "746 F.2d 328", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e33818a4a35dbf1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 9192, "end": 9205, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 423", "context": ". Consolidated Rail Corp., 746 F.2d 328, 325-26 (6th Cir.1984). See also Green v. Mansour, — U.S.-, 106 S.Ct. 423, 428, 88 L.Ed.2d 371 (1985) (Declaratory judgment is discretionary in nature; decision of whether i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 423", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b63d6433b0a5cce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 9212, "end": 9226, "quote": "88 L.Ed.2d 371", "context": "Corp., 746 F.2d 328, 325-26 (6th Cir.1984). See also Green v. Mansour, — U.S.-, 106 S.Ct. 423, 428, 88 L.Ed.2d 371 (1985) (Declaratory judgment is discretionary in nature; decision of whether it should be granted “", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 L. Ed. 2d 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e6f8cb0c93dfca7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 10156, "end": 10171, "quote": "746 F.2d at 326", "context": "tion; and (5) whether there is an alternative remedy that is better or more effective. Grand Trunk, 746 F.2d at 326.\nIn Grand Trunk we dismissed a declaratory judgment action because we saw the case as an effort to ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ad6e4f6c761afb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 11116, "end": 11128, "quote": "791 F.2d 460", "context": "l facts of the liability trial. See Manley, Bennett, McDonald & Co. v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins., 791 F.2d 460 (6th Cir.1986).\nAs we have repeatedly stated in Grand Trunk and its successor cases, see Manley, Be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "791 F.2d 460", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_791/0460_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f5ef64259977c62f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 11235, "end": 11241, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ir.1986).\nAs we have repeatedly stated in Grand Trunk and its successor cases, see Manley, Bennett, supra, and American Home Assurance Company v. William S. Evans, et al., 791 F.2d 61 (6th Cir.1986), declar", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c19fea124dec9582", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_799/0247_01/index.html", "start": 11307, "end": 11318, "quote": "791 F.2d 61", "context": "cases, see Manley, Bennett, supra, and American Home Assurance Company v. William S. Evans, et al., 791 F.2d 61 (6th Cir.1986), declaratory judgment actions seeking an advance opinion on indemnity issues are rar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "791 F.2d 61", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_791/0061_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "762685d70e5d0a1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 194, "end": 209, "quote": "21 U.S.C. § 841", "context": "on a jury verdict convicting him of aiding and abetting the distribution of cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 and conspiracy to distribute cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 846. We af", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "21 U.S.C. § 841", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "101c35c15a893aa8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 204, "end": 215, "quote": "§ 841(a)(1)", "context": "verdict convicting him of aiding and abetting the distribution of cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 and conspiracy to distribute cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 846. We affirm.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ec8fed1aebfefd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 220, "end": 233, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 2", "context": "ng him of aiding and abetting the distribution of cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 and conspiracy to distribute cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 846. We affirm.\nDuring 1986, Reder", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 2", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_2/title18_sec2_3062d946128b/2_principals_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c36081884e992e14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 287, "end": 302, "quote": "21 U.S.C. § 846", "context": "ion of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 and conspiracy to distribute cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 846. We affirm.\nDuring 1986, Rederth’s brother-in-law, Michael Elsasser, was actively engaged in the di", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "21 U.S.C. § 846", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_21/section_846/title21_sec846_e7d23d085614/846_attempt_and_conspiracy_any_person_who_attempts_or_conspi_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "442a97edfb120e35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 297, "end": 303, "quote": "§ 846.", "context": "U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 and conspiracy to distribute cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 846. We affirm.\nDuring 1986, Rederth’s brother-in-law, Michael Elsasser, was actively engaged in the dis", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_21/section_846/title21_sec846_e7d23d085614/846_attempt_and_conspiracy_any_person_who_attempts_or_conspi_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1d4176a3396c51b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 3698, "end": 3710, "quote": "426 U.S. 610", "context": "ermination of the interview was an improper use of Rederth’s silence in violation of Doyle v. Ohio, 426 U.S. 610, 96 S.Ct. 2240, 49 L.Ed.2d 91 (1976). We do not agree.\nDoyle held that the use of a defendant’s pos", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "426 U.S. 610", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2646c0b82a00ba2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 3712, "end": 3725, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 2240", "context": "the interview was an improper use of Rederth’s silence in violation of Doyle v. Ohio, 426 U.S. 610, 96 S.Ct. 2240, 49 L.Ed.2d 91 (1976). We do not agree.\nDoyle held that the use of a defendant’s post-Miranda warni", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 2240", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3fb548674ebbd3df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 3727, "end": 3740, "quote": "49 L.Ed.2d 91", "context": "as an improper use of Rederth’s silence in violation of Doyle v. Ohio, 426 U.S. 610, 96 S.Ct. 2240, 49 L.Ed.2d 91 (1976). We do not agree.\nDoyle held that the use of a defendant’s post-Miranda warnings silence for", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 L. Ed. 2d 91", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e303033d045e61c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4064, "end": 4076, "quote": "447 U.S. 404", "context": "sure him, at least implicitly, that his silence will not be used against him.” Anderson v. Charles, 447 U.S. 404, 407-08, 100 S.Ct. 2180, 2181-82, 65 L.Ed.2d 222 (1980) (per curiam); see also Greer v. Miller, 483", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "447 U.S. 404", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54ff17fc59479743", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4086, "end": 4100, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 2180", "context": "licitly, that his silence will not be used against him.” Anderson v. Charles, 447 U.S. 404, 407-08, 100 S.Ct. 2180, 2181-82, 65 L.Ed.2d 222 (1980) (per curiam); see also Greer v. Miller, 483 U.S. 756, 107 S.Ct. 310", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2180", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6a515a8d03c9ff8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4111, "end": 4125, "quote": "65 L.Ed.2d 222", "context": " will not be used against him.” Anderson v. Charles, 447 U.S. 404, 407-08, 100 S.Ct. 2180, 2181-82, 65 L.Ed.2d 222 (1980) (per curiam); see also Greer v. Miller, 483 U.S. 756, 107 S.Ct. 3102, 3107, 97 L.Ed.2d 618 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 L. Ed. 2d 222", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b825d2b12ce4a3a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4173, "end": 4185, "quote": "483 U.S. 756", "context": "404, 407-08, 100 S.Ct. 2180, 2181-82, 65 L.Ed.2d 222 (1980) (per curiam); see also Greer v. Miller, 483 U.S. 756, 107 S.Ct. 3102, 3107, 97 L.Ed.2d 618 (1987); Wainwright v. Greenfield, 474 U.S. 284, 290, 106 S.Ct", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "483 U.S. 756", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a3357cb849a9938", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4187, "end": 4201, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 3102", "context": "00 S.Ct. 2180, 2181-82, 65 L.Ed.2d 222 (1980) (per curiam); see also Greer v. Miller, 483 U.S. 756, 107 S.Ct. 3102, 3107, 97 L.Ed.2d 618 (1987); Wainwright v. Greenfield, 474 U.S. 284, 290, 106 S.Ct. 634, 638, 88 L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 3102", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96af03d169287121", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4209, "end": 4223, "quote": "97 L.Ed.2d 618", "context": ", 65 L.Ed.2d 222 (1980) (per curiam); see also Greer v. Miller, 483 U.S. 756, 107 S.Ct. 3102, 3107, 97 L.Ed.2d 618 (1987); Wainwright v. Greenfield, 474 U.S. 284, 290, 106 S.Ct. 634, 638, 88 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986); Fle", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 L. Ed. 2d 618", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03e0a119ca4fa099", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4258, "end": 4270, "quote": "474 U.S. 284", "context": "eer v. Miller, 483 U.S. 756, 107 S.Ct. 3102, 3107, 97 L.Ed.2d 618 (1987); Wainwright v. Greenfield, 474 U.S. 284, 290, 106 S.Ct. 634, 638, 88 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986); Fletcher v. Weir, 455 U.S. 603, 606, 102 S.Ct. 130", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "474 U.S. 284", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4b6e4ae156af9999", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4277, "end": 4290, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 634", "context": "U.S. 756, 107 S.Ct. 3102, 3107, 97 L.Ed.2d 618 (1987); Wainwright v. Greenfield, 474 U.S. 284, 290, 106 S.Ct. 634, 638, 88 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986); Fletcher v. Weir, 455 U.S. 603, 606, 102 S.Ct. 1309, 1311, 71 L.Ed.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 634", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "318dc1b03bd9cb9f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4297, "end": 4311, "quote": "88 L.Ed.2d 623", "context": "3102, 3107, 97 L.Ed.2d 618 (1987); Wainwright v. Greenfield, 474 U.S. 284, 290, 106 S.Ct. 634, 638, 88 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986); Fletcher v. Weir, 455 U.S. 603, 606, 102 S.Ct. 1309, 1311, 71 L.Ed.2d 490 (1982) (per curia", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 L. Ed. 2d 623", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13c3ac33f19c6a03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4338, "end": 4350, "quote": "455 U.S. 603", "context": "ight v. Greenfield, 474 U.S. 284, 290, 106 S.Ct. 634, 638, 88 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986); Fletcher v. Weir, 455 U.S. 603, 606, 102 S.Ct. 1309, 1311, 71 L.Ed.2d 490 (1982) (per curiam); Jenkins v. Anderson, 447 U.S. 231, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "455 U.S. 603", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9654fdf1808249e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4357, "end": 4371, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 1309", "context": " 474 U.S. 284, 290, 106 S.Ct. 634, 638, 88 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986); Fletcher v. Weir, 455 U.S. 603, 606, 102 S.Ct. 1309, 1311, 71 L.Ed.2d 490 (1982) (per curiam); Jenkins v. Anderson, 447 U.S. 231, 240, 100 S.Ct. 2124, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 1309", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed4e9b2778d8b399", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4379, "end": 4393, "quote": "71 L.Ed.2d 490", "context": "6 S.Ct. 634, 638, 88 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986); Fletcher v. Weir, 455 U.S. 603, 606, 102 S.Ct. 1309, 1311, 71 L.Ed.2d 490 (1982) (per curiam); Jenkins v. Anderson, 447 U.S. 231, 240, 100 S.Ct. 2124, 2130, 65 L.Ed.2d 86 (1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 L. Ed. 2d 490", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e4cb09f85866dc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4436, "end": 4448, "quote": "447 U.S. 231", "context": ", 455 U.S. 603, 606, 102 S.Ct. 1309, 1311, 71 L.Ed.2d 490 (1982) (per curiam); Jenkins v. Anderson, 447 U.S. 231, 240, 100 S.Ct. 2124, 2130, 65 L.Ed.2d 86 (1980). Rederth was not under arrest and had not been giv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "447 U.S. 231", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e07306ee7f71f2ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4455, "end": 4469, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 2124", "context": ", 102 S.Ct. 1309, 1311, 71 L.Ed.2d 490 (1982) (per curiam); Jenkins v. Anderson, 447 U.S. 231, 240, 100 S.Ct. 2124, 2130, 65 L.Ed.2d 86 (1980). Rederth was not under arrest and had not been given the standard Miran", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 2124", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d68c63d9782328d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4477, "end": 4490, "quote": "65 L.Ed.2d 86", "context": ", 71 L.Ed.2d 490 (1982) (per curiam); Jenkins v. Anderson, 447 U.S. 231, 240, 100 S.Ct. 2124, 2130, 65 L.Ed.2d 86 (1980). Rederth was not under arrest and had not been given the standard Miranda warnings. He was t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 L. Ed. 2d 86", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee6d37a5dca5a4a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4954, "end": 4966, "quote": "384 U.S. 436", "context": "ion that anything said by him could and would be used against him in court. See Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 469, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 1625, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966). The Supreme Court has indicated that it is this c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "384 U.S. 436", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f74716492b9df7e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4973, "end": 4986, "quote": "86 S.Ct. 1602", "context": "aid by him could and would be used against him in court. See Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 469, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 1625, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966). The Supreme Court has indicated that it is this component of the Mira", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 S. Ct. 1602", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43e5cb7cb099f82d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 4994, "end": 5008, "quote": "16 L.Ed.2d 694", "context": "would be used against him in court. See Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 469, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 1625, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966). The Supreme Court has indicated that it is this component of the Miranda warnings which is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 L. Ed. 2d 694", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "856b786cdc8d3998", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 5241, "end": 5253, "quote": "459 U.S. 553", "context": "ative assurance that a suspect’s silence will not be used against him. See South Dakota v. Neville, 459 U.S. 553, 565, 103 S.Ct. 916, 923, 74 L.Ed.2d 748 (1983) (dictum); see also Greenfield, 474 U.S. at 298, 106", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "459 U.S. 553", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c3b509d14ed72572", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 5260, "end": 5273, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 916", "context": "t a suspect’s silence will not be used against him. See South Dakota v. Neville, 459 U.S. 553, 565, 103 S.Ct. 916, 923, 74 L.Ed.2d 748 (1983) (dictum); see also Greenfield, 474 U.S. at 298, 106 S.Ct. at 642 (Rehnq", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 916", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43a6edb7e547f88a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 5280, "end": 5294, "quote": "74 L.Ed.2d 748", "context": "e will not be used against him. See South Dakota v. Neville, 459 U.S. 553, 565, 103 S.Ct. 916, 923, 74 L.Ed.2d 748 (1983) (dictum); see also Greenfield, 474 U.S. at 298, 106 S.Ct. at 642 (Rehnquist, J., concurring)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 L. Ed. 2d 748", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33f1f5d8fd3d9024", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 5333, "end": 5348, "quote": "474 U.S. at 298", "context": "eville, 459 U.S. 553, 565, 103 S.Ct. 916, 923, 74 L.Ed.2d 748 (1983) (dictum); see also Greenfield, 474 U.S. at 298, 106 S.Ct. at 642 (Rehnquist, J., concurring) (“The logical corollary of this warning — that what r", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "474 U.S. 284", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc7e07bd7948cb13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 5350, "end": 5366, "quote": "106 S.Ct. at 642", "context": "553, 565, 103 S.Ct. 916, 923, 74 L.Ed.2d 748 (1983) (dictum); see also Greenfield, 474 U.S. at 298, 106 S.Ct. at 642 (Rehnquist, J., concurring) (“The logical corollary of this warning — that what respondent does say", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 634", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7cdba2e245eadc03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 5747, "end": 5762, "quote": "455 U.S. at 607", "context": "be used against him. The strictures of Doyle and its progeny were therefore not violated. See Weir, 455 U.S. at 607, 102 S.Ct. at 1312.\nII.\nRederth next asserts that the district court improperly refused his request", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "455 U.S. 603", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc14841e2a609a6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 5764, "end": 5781, "quote": "102 S.Ct. at 1312", "context": "im. The strictures of Doyle and its progeny were therefore not violated. See Weir, 455 U.S. at 607, 102 S.Ct. at 1312.\nII.\nRederth next asserts that the district court improperly refused his requested theory of defens", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 1309", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7aea2bf6ec93e9ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 7903, "end": 7916, "quote": "700 F.2d 1183", "context": "instructions is to be judged by considering the instructions as a whole.\nUnited States v. Richmond, 700 F.2d 1183, 1195-96 (8th Cir.1983) (citations omitted). Instruction No. 25 informed the jury of Rederth’s purp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "700 F.2d 1183", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_700/1183_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "088146410d59d9c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 8410, "end": 8422, "quote": "642 F.2d 248", "context": "d correctly covered the substance of Rederth’s requested instruction. See United States v. Hammond, 642 F.2d 248, 250 (8th Cir.1981).\nIII.\nRederth next contends that the district court erred in overruling his obj", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "642 F.2d 248", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_642/0248_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f37404c03dfa98d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 10362, "end": 10374, "quote": "822 F.2d 768", "context": "e benefit of all inferences that reasonably may be drawn from the evidence. United States v. Kouba, 822 F.2d 768, 773 (8th Cir.1987). We will not reverse a jury verdict if there is substantial evidence to support", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "822 F.2d 768", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_822/0768_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c7ac7fffff45a5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_872/0255_01/index.html", "start": 10479, "end": 10482, "quote": "Id.", "context": " (8th Cir.1987). We will not reverse a jury verdict if there is substantial evidence to support it. Id. We find the evidence more than sufficient to establish the violations.\nV.\nFinally, Rederth argues t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "822 F.2d 768", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_822/0768_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d7c7a930dae1b414", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 166, "end": 182, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 1344", "context": " L. WILL, Senior District Judge:\nThis is an appeal from a conviction for bank fraud in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1344 (1982), forgery in violation of D.C.Code § 22-3841 and use of a false social security number in vio", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 1344", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_1344/title18_sec1344_29237ed04f01/1344_bank_fraud_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "32aca70a0cf4746d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 224, "end": 233, "quote": "§ 22-3841", "context": "conviction for bank fraud in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1344 (1982), forgery in violation of D.C.Code § 22-3841 and use of a false social security number in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 408(g)(2) in presenting a fra", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7e0135bee10c375", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 292, "end": 307, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 408", "context": "orgery in violation of D.C.Code § 22-3841 and use of a false social security number in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 408(g)(2) in presenting a fraudulent check for payment and using a false social security number to open", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42b9e5ad1edb317f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 302, "end": 313, "quote": "§ 408(g)(2)", "context": "violation of D.C.Code § 22-3841 and use of a false social security number in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 408(g)(2) in presenting a fraudulent check for payment and using a false social security number to open two b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b2cbd14ba9bee86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 4986, "end": 5002, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 1344", "context": "his checking account, obtaining a certified check and attempting to cash the check, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1344; (2) knowingly presenting as genuine a false check with intent to defraud in violation of D.C.Code ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 1344", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_1344/title18_sec1344_29237ed04f01/1344_bank_fraud_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7da58c777fee103", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 5102, "end": 5112, "quote": "§§ 22-3841", "context": "; (2) knowingly presenting as genuine a false check with intent to defraud in violation of D.C.Code §§ 22-3841 and 3842(a); and (3)-(4) knowingly and intentionally representing a false social security number to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "100fc31d02cb8356", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 5284, "end": 5299, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 408", "context": "se social security number to be his own on November 5, 1987 and on December 2, 1987 in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 408(g)(2). The jury found Rhodes guilty on all four counts, and he was sentenced to two sixteen-month t", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "233ba43fcfdd1b31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 5294, "end": 5305, "quote": "§ 408(g)(2)", "context": "security number to be his own on November 5, 1987 and on December 2, 1987 in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 408(g)(2). The jury found Rhodes guilty on all four counts, and he was sentenced to two sixteen-month terms t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d6e83735b2b0ccd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 5913, "end": 5925, "quote": "384 U.S. 436", "context": "ould have been excluded because they were made without the warnings required by Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966), and were untrustworthy.\nSince the statements were made witho", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "384 U.S. 436", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e8c1ec7322015e81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 5927, "end": 5940, "quote": "86 S.Ct. 1602", "context": " excluded because they were made without the warnings required by Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966), and were untrustworthy.\nSince the statements were made without the benefit ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 S. Ct. 1602", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df13f847e302f96b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 5942, "end": 5956, "quote": "16 L.Ed.2d 694", "context": "se they were made without the warnings required by Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966), and were untrustworthy.\nSince the statements were made without the benefit of Miranda warni", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 L. Ed. 2d 694", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb19d3e91b536080", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 6197, "end": 6209, "quote": "401 U.S. 222", "context": " its case in chief but used them in rebuttal to impeach Rhodes’ credibility. In Harris v. New York, 401 U.S. 222, 91 S.Ct. 643, 28 L.Ed.2d 1 (1971), the Court held that such statements could be used, as they were", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "401 U.S. 222", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a39cbd15e29ec65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 6211, "end": 6223, "quote": "91 S.Ct. 643", "context": "hief but used them in rebuttal to impeach Rhodes’ credibility. In Harris v. New York, 401 U.S. 222, 91 S.Ct. 643, 28 L.Ed.2d 1 (1971), the Court held that such statements could be used, as they were here, to impe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 643", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1f3cbec7400a8eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 6225, "end": 6237, "quote": "28 L.Ed.2d 1", "context": "them in rebuttal to impeach Rhodes’ credibility. In Harris v. New York, 401 U.S. 222, 91 S.Ct. 643, 28 L.Ed.2d 1 (1971), the Court held that such statements could be used, as they were here, to impeach the credib", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 L. Ed. 2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "012680251637d5dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 6477, "end": 6487, "quote": "Id. at 224", "context": " stand “provided of course that the trustworthiness of the evidence satisfies the legal standards.” Id. at 224, 91 S.Ct. at 645; see also United States v. Hinckley, 672 F.2d 115, 133 n. 117 (D.C.Cir.1982). Rhod", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "caef71c5fc1322a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 6489, "end": 6504, "quote": "91 S.Ct. at 645", "context": "ided of course that the trustworthiness of the evidence satisfies the legal standards.” Id. at 224, 91 S.Ct. at 645; see also United States v. Hinckley, 672 F.2d 115, 133 n. 117 (D.C.Cir.1982). Rhodes argues that be", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 643", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11d1d3a67bac6a5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 6542, "end": 6554, "quote": "672 F.2d 115", "context": "ce satisfies the legal standards.” Id. at 224, 91 S.Ct. at 645; see also United States v. Hinckley, 672 F.2d 115, 133 n. 117 (D.C.Cir.1982). Rhodes argues that because there was confusion about what he actually s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "672 F.2d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_672/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d74c20537ba202f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 7311, "end": 7314, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e flows when the evidence in question is made unavailable to the prosecution in its case in chief.” Id. 401 U.S. at 222, 91 S.Ct. at 644; see also Oregon v. Hass, 420 U.S. 714, 722, 95 S.Ct. 1215, 1221, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "672 F.2d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_672/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "79b90ce8313a4fdd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 7315, "end": 7330, "quote": "401 U.S. at 222", "context": "ows when the evidence in question is made unavailable to the prosecution in its case in chief.” Id. 401 U.S. at 222, 91 S.Ct. at 644; see also Oregon v. Hass, 420 U.S. 714, 722, 95 S.Ct. 1215, 1221, 43 L.Ed.2d 570 (", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "401 U.S. 222", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22d902bc840f553d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 7332, "end": 7347, "quote": "91 S.Ct. at 644", "context": "ence in question is made unavailable to the prosecution in its case in chief.” Id. 401 U.S. at 222, 91 S.Ct. at 644; see also Oregon v. Hass, 420 U.S. 714, 722, 95 S.Ct. 1215, 1221, 43 L.Ed.2d 570 (1975). The Harris", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "91 S. Ct. 643", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac177db55515e3ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 7374, "end": 7386, "quote": "420 U.S. 714", "context": "e prosecution in its case in chief.” Id. 401 U.S. at 222, 91 S.Ct. at 644; see also Oregon v. Hass, 420 U.S. 714, 722, 95 S.Ct. 1215, 1221, 43 L.Ed.2d 570 (1975). The Harris holding does not prevent the governmen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "420 U.S. 714", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a5a84ca71ed1a36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 7393, "end": 7406, "quote": "95 S.Ct. 1215", "context": "s case in chief.” Id. 401 U.S. at 222, 91 S.Ct. at 644; see also Oregon v. Hass, 420 U.S. 714, 722, 95 S.Ct. 1215, 1221, 43 L.Ed.2d 570 (1975). The Harris holding does not prevent the government from using in rebu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 S. Ct. 1215", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "67e21eb8eb30a9cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 7414, "end": 7428, "quote": "43 L.Ed.2d 570", "context": " 401 U.S. at 222, 91 S.Ct. at 644; see also Oregon v. Hass, 420 U.S. 714, 722, 95 S.Ct. 1215, 1221, 43 L.Ed.2d 570 (1975). The Harris holding does not prevent the government from using in rebuttal statements made w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 L. Ed. 2d 570", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d70eb9e76f755f1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 9076, "end": 9088, "quote": "622 F.2d 100", "context": "deference to the trial judge on questions of the admissibility of evidence, United States v. Gorel, 622 F.2d 100, 105 (5th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 943, 100 S.Ct. 1340, 63 L.Ed.2d 777 (1980), that Rhodes", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "622 F.2d 100", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_622/0100_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4e9432f148ce7e05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 9124, "end": 9136, "quote": "445 U.S. 943", "context": " admissibility of evidence, United States v. Gorel, 622 F.2d 100, 105 (5th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 943, 100 S.Ct. 1340, 63 L.Ed.2d 777 (1980), that Rhodes’ alleged statements were so untrustworthy that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "445 U.S. 943", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0f32b3e62658000", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 9138, "end": 9152, "quote": "100 S.Ct. 1340", "context": " of evidence, United States v. Gorel, 622 F.2d 100, 105 (5th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 943, 100 S.Ct. 1340, 63 L.Ed.2d 777 (1980), that Rhodes’ alleged statements were so untrustworthy that it was error to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 1340", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5201c20d06f07194", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 9154, "end": 9168, "quote": "63 L.Ed.2d 777", "context": "ited States v. Gorel, 622 F.2d 100, 105 (5th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 943, 100 S.Ct. 1340, 63 L.Ed.2d 777 (1980), that Rhodes’ alleged statements were so untrustworthy that it was error to admit them. Rhod", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 L. Ed. 2d 777", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5db8167e9fe052e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 11732, "end": 11744, "quote": "535 F.2d 110", "context": "idence, so we must consider their introduction under a plain error standard. United States v. Bass, 535 F.2d 110, 116 (D.C.Cir.1976). Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 52(b) allow us to take notice of “[pjlain e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "535 F.2d 110", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_535/0110_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2969869f4510e53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12150, "end": 12160, "quote": "470 U.S. 1", "context": "ct the fairness, integrity or public reputation of judicial proceedings.’ ” United States v. Young, 470 U.S. 1, 15, 105 S.Ct. 1038, 1046, 84 L.Ed.2d 1 (1985) (citations omitted). We have written that the rule s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "470 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2c3bddc772fb4a52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12166, "end": 12180, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 1038", "context": " integrity or public reputation of judicial proceedings.’ ” United States v. Young, 470 U.S. 1, 15, 105 S.Ct. 1038, 1046, 84 L.Ed.2d 1 (1985) (citations omitted). We have written that the rule should be invoked “wh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 1038", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24fc010baa429cae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12188, "end": 12200, "quote": "84 L.Ed.2d 1", "context": "eputation of judicial proceedings.’ ” United States v. Young, 470 U.S. 1, 15, 105 S.Ct. 1038, 1046, 84 L.Ed.2d 1 (1985) (citations omitted). We have written that the rule should be invoked “when the weakness of t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 L. Ed. 2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5818cfe6b916635", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12400, "end": 12412, "quote": "693 F.2d 183", "context": "he evidence against defendant indicates that a serious injustice was done.” United States v. Baker, 693 F.2d 183, 187 (D.C.Cir.1982).\nWe consider as well that this error was not raised or briefed by Rhodes’ appel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "693 F.2d 183", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_693/0183_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f82aad8fc3e84a64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12629, "end": 12641, "quote": "650 F.2d 595", "context": "that some courts have found waiver in similar circumstances. See, e.g., United States v. Burroughs, 650 F.2d 595, 598 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1037, 102 S.Ct. 580, 70 L.Ed.2d 483 (1981); United States v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "650 F.2d 595", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_650/0595_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "50a0247068595501", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12673, "end": 12686, "quote": "454 U.S. 1037", "context": "r circumstances. See, e.g., United States v. Burroughs, 650 F.2d 595, 598 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1037, 102 S.Ct. 580, 70 L.Ed.2d 483 (1981); United States v. John Bernard Indus., Inc., 589 F.2d 1353, 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "454 U.S. 1037", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e259b650b2c0e55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12688, "end": 12701, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 580", "context": ". See, e.g., United States v. Burroughs, 650 F.2d 595, 598 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1037, 102 S.Ct. 580, 70 L.Ed.2d 483 (1981); United States v. John Bernard Indus., Inc., 589 F.2d 1353, 1362 n. 5 (8th C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 580", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fda239312fe1a0c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12703, "end": 12717, "quote": "70 L.Ed.2d 483", "context": "ited States v. Burroughs, 650 F.2d 595, 598 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1037, 102 S.Ct. 580, 70 L.Ed.2d 483 (1981); United States v. John Bernard Indus., Inc., 589 F.2d 1353, 1362 n. 5 (8th Cir.1979). Howeve", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 L. Ed. 2d 483", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "017990993c2935ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12770, "end": 12783, "quote": "589 F.2d 1353", "context": "d, 454 U.S. 1037, 102 S.Ct. 580, 70 L.Ed.2d 483 (1981); United States v. John Bernard Indus., Inc., 589 F.2d 1353, 1362 n. 5 (8th Cir.1979). However, we follow the lead of the court in United States v. Greschner, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "589 F.2d 1353", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_589/1353_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a25e6fa4f521889b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12883, "end": 12895, "quote": "802 F.2d 373", "context": ", 1362 n. 5 (8th Cir.1979). However, we follow the lead of the court in United States v. Greschner, 802 F.2d 373, 380 (10th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 480 U.S. 908, 107 S.Ct. 1353, 94 L.Ed.2d 523 (1987), which indi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "802 F.2d 373", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_802/0373_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b3197d868ee6d3ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12932, "end": 12944, "quote": "480 U.S. 908", "context": "e lead of the court in United States v. Greschner, 802 F.2d 373, 380 (10th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 480 U.S. 908, 107 S.Ct. 1353, 94 L.Ed.2d 523 (1987), which indicated that even though an issue was not raised ei", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "480 U.S. 908", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76951d10c6ea4e4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12946, "end": 12960, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 1353", "context": "court in United States v. Greschner, 802 F.2d 373, 380 (10th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 480 U.S. 908, 107 S.Ct. 1353, 94 L.Ed.2d 523 (1987), which indicated that even though an issue was not raised either at trial or", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1353", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "406173f965108c0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 12962, "end": 12976, "quote": "94 L.Ed.2d 523", "context": "States v. Greschner, 802 F.2d 373, 380 (10th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 480 U.S. 908, 107 S.Ct. 1353, 94 L.Ed.2d 523 (1987), which indicated that even though an issue was not raised either at trial or on appeal, the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 L. Ed. 2d 523", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66c51b05ca039a5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 13692, "end": 13709, "quote": "470 U.S. at 16-20", "context": "resented to the jury and the sufficiency of the other evidence in support of the conviction. Young, 470 U.S. at 16-20, 105 S.Ct. at 1046-48; United States v. Tarantino, 846 F.2d 1384, 1403 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, — ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "470 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a23c38b0dc3da2a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 13711, "end": 13731, "quote": "105 S.Ct. at 1046-48", "context": "y and the sufficiency of the other evidence in support of the conviction. Young, 470 U.S. at 16-20, 105 S.Ct. at 1046-48; United States v. Tarantino, 846 F.2d 1384, 1403 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 109 S.Ct. 174, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 1038", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb4001ca22ae16a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 13761, "end": 13774, "quote": "846 F.2d 1384", "context": "port of the conviction. Young, 470 U.S. at 16-20, 105 S.Ct. at 1046-48; United States v. Tarantino, 846 F.2d 1384, 1403 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 109 S.Ct. 174, 102 L.Ed.2d 143 (1988).\nWe considered in Un", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "846 F.2d 1384", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_846/1384_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b3ec071788f196e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 13816, "end": 13829, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 174", "context": ".Ct. at 1046-48; United States v. Tarantino, 846 F.2d 1384, 1403 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 109 S.Ct. 174, 102 L.Ed.2d 143 (1988).\nWe considered in United States v. Blackwell, 694 F.2d 1325 (D.C.Cir.1982),", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 174", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9820c5d83aee809e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 13831, "end": 13846, "quote": "102 L.Ed.2d 143", "context": "; United States v. Tarantino, 846 F.2d 1384, 1403 (D.C.Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 109 S.Ct. 174, 102 L.Ed.2d 143 (1988).\nWe considered in United States v. Blackwell, 694 F.2d 1325 (D.C.Cir.1982), whether or not i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 L. Ed. 2d 143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "edc0b8ba1bc5275e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 13900, "end": 13913, "quote": "694 F.2d 1325", "context": "enied, — U.S.-, 109 S.Ct. 174, 102 L.Ed.2d 143 (1988).\nWe considered in United States v. Blackwell, 694 F.2d 1325 (D.C.Cir.1982), whether or not it was plain error for a trial judge incorrectly to state that a def", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "694 F.2d 1325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_694/1325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "30ce1f07dcfaacc1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 14660, "end": 14671, "quote": "Id. at 1341", "context": " a level far above that required to survive Rule 52(a)’s ban against reversals for harmless error.” Id. at 1341. In other words, the error must be more than non-harmless. Our plain error analysis involved consid", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "694 F.2d 1325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_694/1325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec515adbb1a733a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 14975, "end": 14989, "quote": "Id. at 1341-43", "context": "allegedly erred and the acts taken by the defendant which resulted in the abandonment of his right. Id. at 1341-43. We found that the importance of the right favored a finding of plain error, but that “the lack of ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "694 F.2d 1325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_694/1325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23e5aec52046d8b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 15221, "end": 15232, "quote": "Id. at 1342", "context": "nd the novelty of the issue presented militate[d] against calling the judge’s mistake plain error.” Id. at 1342. In addition, we found that the defendant himself abandoned his right to call the witness, even tho", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "694 F.2d 1325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_694/1325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "75ca165e1ceb2c13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 15471, "end": 15482, "quote": "id. at 1340", "context": "about renewed prosecution of the witness. Although we acknowledged that the case was a “close one,” id. at 1340, we found no plain error because “the error was ‘plain’ to no one at trial” and there was no “direc", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "694 F.2d 1325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_694/1325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cfc7128860187345", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 15686, "end": 15697, "quote": "Id. at 1343", "context": "xus between the judge’s and prosecutor’s remarks and Blackwell’s loss of [his witness’] testimony.” Id. at 1343.\nIn contrast to Blackwell, the error of introducing the check evidence in the present case should h", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "694 F.2d 1325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_694/1325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f92b6f2ff91a7298", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 16365, "end": 16377, "quote": "780 F.2d 113", "context": " any corrective instruction to mitigate the effect of the evidence. See United States v. Hernandez, 780 F.2d 113, 119 (D.C.Cir.1986) (citing factors to consider under harmless error analysis). Finally, in contras", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "780 F.2d 113", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_780/0113_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1fc16cacdd6fce1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 16975, "end": 16987, "quote": "636 F.2d 517", "context": "ment of Rule 403 that its probativeness exceed its prejudicial effect. See United States v. Foskey, 636 F.2d 517, 523 (D.C.Cir.1980) (bad acts evidence which is admissible under 404(b) may, nevertheless, be exclu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "636 F.2d 517", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_636/0517_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9fe599d4130f7eb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 17320, "end": 17338, "quote": "780 F.2d at 118-19", "context": "eet its burden of proving the involvement of the defendant in the alleged prior bad act. Hernandez, 780 F.2d at 118-19 (evidence that a defendant was merely present and shouting while others engaged in a fight did not ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "780 F.2d 113", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_780/0113_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe72bc2d300fe918", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 17566, "end": 17579, "quote": "739 F.2d 1347", "context": " was, therefore, insufficiently probative for admission). See also Warner v. Transamerica Ins. Co., 739 F.2d 1347, 1350-51 (8th Cir.1984) (evidence of prior fire was correctly excluded as nonproba-tive, since ther", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "739 F.2d 1347", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_739/1347_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "47176d91f4542f11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 18961, "end": 18971, "quote": "Id. at 165", "context": ", connection; is that right? Did you hear that?\nRhodes: You have lost me. Would you say that again?\nId. at 165. The government capitalized in closing argument on the fact that “there were a lot more of those ki", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68efc72cc2d241f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 19321, "end": 19333, "quote": "Id. at 97-98", "context": "mony about his Nigerian associate in his check-buying business to these fraudulent Nigerian checks. Id. at 97-98. In spite of the government’s insinuations, those checks were not probative with regard to any elem", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cf01a8472cf4ff2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 20132, "end": 20144, "quote": "section 1344", "context": "ed to the central issue of his case and may have been crucial to the outcome of his case.\nTitle 18, section 1344 provides in relevant part:\n(a) Whoever knowingly executes, or attempts to execute, a scheme or arti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "670e562faffe3dda", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 21309, "end": 21321, "quote": "§ 22-3841(b)", "context": "es, draws, or utters a forged written instrument with intent to defraud or injure another.\nD.C.Code § 22-3841(b). “Utter” is defined in the statute as “to issue, authenticate, transfer, publish, sell, deliver, tr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2df8565f43f39a41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 21465, "end": 21476, "quote": "Id. at 3841", "context": "ssue, authenticate, transfer, publish, sell, deliver, transmit, present, display, use, or certify.” Id. at 3841(a). The government charged, and the jury convicted Rhodes for knowingly presenting a false check wi", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97c0cc62ed628e15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 22129, "end": 22142, "quote": "813 F.2d 1289", "context": "rcumstantial evidence and by inferences deduced from facts and situations.” United States v. Bales, 813 F.2d 1289, 1294 (4th Cir.1987). The government relied on the series of circumstances — the opening of the sav", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "813 F.2d 1289", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_813/1289_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1b79e001aa74bd85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 24254, "end": 24266, "quote": "528 F.2d 661", "context": " the whole, that the judgment was not substantially swayed by the error.’ ” United States v. Henry, 528 F.2d 661, 668 (D.C.Cir.1976) (citations omitted).\nHowever, we also find pursuant to the analysis relied on i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "528 F.2d 661", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_528/0661_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f3625d9cf3a967c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 24989, "end": 25001, "quote": "694 F.2d at ", "context": "oduction here is “inconsistent with the fairness and integrity of judicial proceedings_” Blackwell, 694 F.2d at 1341 (quoting 3A C. Wright, Federal Practice and Procedure: Criminal 2d § 856 at 341).\nThe plain err", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "694 F.2d 1325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_694/1325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "11f6bc2841470ccb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 25073, "end": 25078, "quote": "§ 856", "context": "gs_” Blackwell, 694 F.2d at 1341 (quoting 3A C. Wright, Federal Practice and Procedure: Criminal 2d § 856 at 341).\nThe plain error of introducing the four fraudulent checks as well as the testimony about t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "107f9099fc351052", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 25639, "end": 25651, "quote": "440 F.2d 241", "context": "ction informing the jury of its limited purposes constituted plain error. United States v. McClain, 440 F.2d 241 (D.C.Cir.1971). As the necessity of such an instruction was found to be plain in McClain even thoug", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "440 F.2d 241", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_440/0241_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54cb7610aeab6340", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 26392, "end": 26408, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 1344", "context": "of the government’s position that Rhodes acted with knowledge and intent to defraud in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1344 and D.C.Code § 22-3841. We, therefore, reverse Rhodes’ conviction as to Counts 1 and 2.\nHowever, wi", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 1344", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_1344/title18_sec1344_29237ed04f01/1344_bank_fraud_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "f67bf5687f273ae7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 26422, "end": 26432, "quote": "§ 22-3841.", "context": "hat Rhodes acted with knowledge and intent to defraud in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1344 and D.C.Code § 22-3841. We, therefore, reverse Rhodes’ conviction as to Counts 1 and 2.\nHowever, with regard to Counts 3 an", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f82fd09f1d48da7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 26616, "end": 26631, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 408", "context": "d to Counts 3 and 4, the convictions for twice using a false social security number in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 408(g)(2), we conclude that the jury’s judgment could not have been substantially swayed by the erroneo", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "309c78c7655e5d7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 26626, "end": 26637, "quote": "§ 408(g)(2)", "context": "s 3 and 4, the convictions for twice using a false social security number in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 408(g)(2), we conclude that the jury’s judgment could not have been substantially swayed by the erroneous int", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3118949d1e4622da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 27420, "end": 27436, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 1344", "context": "checks which were not connected to Rhodes, we reverse his conviction for bank fraud in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1344 and for forgery in violation of D.C.Code § 22-3841 and affirm his conviction for using a false soci", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 1344", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_1344/title18_sec1344_29237ed04f01/1344_bank_fraud_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "46b910e79217fcf1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 27478, "end": 27487, "quote": "§ 22-3841", "context": "conviction for bank fraud in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1344 and for forgery in violation of D.C.Code § 22-3841 and affirm his conviction for using a false social security number in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 408(", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c450e4b55c7182c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 27571, "end": 27586, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 408", "context": "C.Code § 22-3841 and affirm his conviction for using a false social security number in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 408(g)(2).\n", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c93de4b232d10d20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_886/0375_01/index.html", "start": 27581, "end": 27592, "quote": "§ 408(g)(2)", "context": "2-3841 and affirm his conviction for using a false social security number in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 408(g)(2).\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2096f2b9d74260f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 5002, "end": 5013, "quote": "§ 23-88-101", "context": "cy was a valued policy, not an open one, and that the Arkansas Valued Policy Statute, Ark.Code Ann. § 23-88-101 (1987) (providing insured full stated value of a “fire insurance policy” if property totally lost “", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14ec20a6aec6c1b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 5189, "end": 5200, "quote": "215 Ark. 23", "context": " property totally lost “by fire”), applied. The court relied on Phoenix Assurance Co. v. Loetscher, 215 Ark. 23, 219 S.W.2d 629 (1949), where a valued policy amount controlled even though no fire was involved in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "215 Ark. 23", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9022129e18c25c88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 5202, "end": 5216, "quote": "219 S.W.2d 629", "context": "ally lost “by fire”), applied. The court relied on Phoenix Assurance Co. v. Loetscher, 215 Ark. 23, 219 S.W.2d 629 (1949), where a valued policy amount controlled even though no fire was involved in a total loss by", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "219 S.W.2d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0af933f9c798b0d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 6055, "end": 6067, "quote": "218 Ark. 804", "context": "crease of hazard exclusion has been held valid and enforceable in Arkansas. Orient Ins. Co. v. Cox, 218 Ark. 804, 238 S.W.2d 757 (1951).\n“[The increase of hazard provision] contemplates an alteration in the situa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "218 Ark. 804", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b11be0a21e2a3c9d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 6069, "end": 6083, "quote": "238 S.W.2d 757", "context": "rd exclusion has been held valid and enforceable in Arkansas. Orient Ins. Co. v. Cox, 218 Ark. 804, 238 S.W.2d 757 (1951).\n“[The increase of hazard provision] contemplates an alteration in the situation or circumst", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "238 S.W.2d 757", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "02c869a558900f5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 7068, "end": 7074, "quote": "supra,", "context": "anges of a permanent nature, and not to mere temporary changes in the use of the premises.”\nOrient, supra, 238 S.W.2d at 761 (quoting 29 Am.Jur., Insurance, § 677) (emphasis supplied).\nThe same standards ap", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "869b76077d251799", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 7075, "end": 7089, "quote": "238 S.W.2d at ", "context": "f a permanent nature, and not to mere temporary changes in the use of the premises.”\nOrient, supra, 238 S.W.2d at 761 (quoting 29 Am.Jur., Insurance, § 677) (emphasis supplied).\nThe same standards apply to granting", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "238 S.W.2d 757", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a997612a4610dded", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 7125, "end": 7130, "quote": "§ 677", "context": "anges in the use of the premises.”\nOrient, supra, 238 S.W.2d at 761 (quoting 29 Am.Jur., Insurance, § 677) (emphasis supplied).\nThe same standards apply to granting a judgment notwithstanding the verdict a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79f6bdc4eb8f8cd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 7298, "end": 7311, "quote": "631 F.2d 1344", "context": "nt notwithstanding the verdict and a directed verdict. Armstrong v. Republic Realty Mortgage Corp., 631 F.2d 1344, 1351 (8th Cir.1980). The record discloses that Allstate made a motion for a directed verdict at th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "631 F.2d 1344", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_631/1344_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0700fc16758817a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 7877, "end": 7883, "quote": "supra,", "context": "dence because the question of increase of risk or hazard is normally an issue for the jury. Orient, supra, 238 S.W.2d at 762.\nOn appellate review, we give deference to, but are not bound by, a federal distr", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06cf954dd54d52ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 7884, "end": 7901, "quote": "238 S.W.2d at 762", "context": "ecause the question of increase of risk or hazard is normally an issue for the jury. Orient, supra, 238 S.W.2d at 762.\nOn appellate review, we give deference to, but are not bound by, a federal district court’s interp", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "238 S.W.2d 757", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a526b8616310688", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 8086, "end": 8098, "quote": "837 F.2d 817", "context": " court’s interpretation of state law in the state where the court sits. Cowens v. Siemens-Elema AB, 837 F.2d 817, 823 (8th Cir.1988). We will reverse the district court’s interpretation only if the court has misa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "837 F.2d 817", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_837/0817_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "58c1241ee180edfd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 8220, "end": 8224, "quote": "id.,", "context": "We will reverse the district court’s interpretation only if the court has misapplied the state law, id., or the court’s interpretation is “ ‘fundamentally deficient in analysis, without a reasonable basis", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "837 F.2d 817", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_837/0817_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "76416bb940ab1df5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 8427, "end": 8439, "quote": "827 F.2d 373", "context": "r contrary to a reported state-court opinion.’ ” Economy Fire & Casualty Co. v. Tri-State Ins. Co., 827 F.2d 373, 375 (8th Cir.1987).\nAllstate argues that the district court incorrectly instructed the jury that “", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "827 F.2d 373", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_827/0373_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6f5367c06d2f495", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 8852, "end": 8858, "quote": "supra,", "context": "nsas authority, the interrogatory requiring subjective knowledge was clearly incorrect. See Orient, supra, 238 S.W.2d at 761 (“[increase of hazard provision] contemplates an alteration in the situation ... ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b97ab235dc9836cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 8859, "end": 8876, "quote": "238 S.W.2d at 761", "context": "thority, the interrogatory requiring subjective knowledge was clearly incorrect. See Orient, supra, 238 S.W.2d at 761 (“[increase of hazard provision] contemplates an alteration in the situation ... which would materi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "238 S.W.2d 757", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "171434d7a9751d66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 9133, "end": 9144, "quote": "55 F.2d 844", "context": " person of ordinary intelligence, care, and diligence”). See also Patriotic Ins. Co. v. Franciscus, 55 F.2d 844, 847 (8th Cir.1932) (circumstances can be such as to charge landlord insured with knowledge of incr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 F.2d 844", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_55/0844_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "18fd6de58d5a1023", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 9394, "end": 9410, "quote": "372 F.Supp. 1325", "context": "iligence, such knowledge would have resulted); Plaza Equities Corp. v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., 372 F.Supp. 1325, 1331 (S.D.N.Y.1974) (“increase of hazard occurs only when the insured performs acts which are reas", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 F. Supp. 1325", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_372/1325_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bcef771198e4a88c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 9668, "end": 9680, "quote": "247 F.2d 249", "context": "or should know will increase the risk”). But see American Mfrs. Mut. Ins. Co. v. Wilson-Keith & Co. 247 F.2d 249, 259-261 (8th Cir.1957) (construing “control” to mean “understanding intelligent control directed b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "247 F.2d 249", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_247/0249_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5be1f1ed740fbf01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 11298, "end": 11302, "quote": "§ 54", "context": "unt of the policy when his mobile home is totally destroyed by windstorm.” 15 Couch on Insurance 2d § 54:111 (rev. ed. 1983) (citing McNeely v. South Carolina Farm Bureau Mut. Ins. Co., 259 S.C. 39, 190 S", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da0aa2f41e2c2bde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 11384, "end": 11395, "quote": "259 S.C. 39", "context": " Insurance 2d § 54:111 (rev. ed. 1983) (citing McNeely v. South Carolina Farm Bureau Mut. Ins. Co., 259 S.C. 39, 190 S.E.2d 499 (1972); Kenmore Constr. Co. v. Maryland Casualty Co., 46 Ohio App.2d 229, 348 N.E.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "259 S.C. 39", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07bc7e3b52dc829f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 11397, "end": 11411, "quote": "190 S.E.2d 499", "context": " § 54:111 (rev. ed. 1983) (citing McNeely v. South Carolina Farm Bureau Mut. Ins. Co., 259 S.C. 39, 190 S.E.2d 499 (1972); Kenmore Constr. Co. v. Maryland Casualty Co., 46 Ohio App.2d 229, 348 N.E.2d 374 (1973)). T", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "190 S.E.2d 499", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9732bb415317366", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 11466, "end": 11484, "quote": "46 Ohio App.2d 229", "context": "au Mut. Ins. Co., 259 S.C. 39, 190 S.E.2d 499 (1972); Kenmore Constr. Co. v. Maryland Casualty Co., 46 Ohio App.2d 229, 348 N.E.2d 374 (1973)). The clear, unambiguous language of the statute needs no interpretation.\nTh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 Ohio App. 2d 229", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-app-2d/volume_46/0229_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "93bbd7371239c385", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 11486, "end": 11500, "quote": "348 N.E.2d 374", "context": "9 S.C. 39, 190 S.E.2d 499 (1972); Kenmore Constr. Co. v. Maryland Casualty Co., 46 Ohio App.2d 229, 348 N.E.2d 374 (1973)). The clear, unambiguous language of the statute needs no interpretation.\nThe decision of Ph", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "348 N.E.2d 374", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60c39413dc24c34c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 11634, "end": 11639, "quote": "supra", "context": "anguage of the statute needs no interpretation.\nThe decision of Phoenix Assurance Co. v. Loetscher, supra, 219 S.W.2d at 632, relied upon by the district court, did not expressly discuss the issue of the v", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1892aa450ffe611a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 11641, "end": 11658, "quote": "219 S.W.2d at 632", "context": " of the statute needs no interpretation.\nThe decision of Phoenix Assurance Co. v. Loetscher, supra, 219 S.W.2d at 632, relied upon by the district court, did not expressly discuss the issue of the valued policy statut", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "219 S.W.2d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe4f5c3a77b2171c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 12137, "end": 12142, "quote": "supra", "context": "nce Statutes, 12 Ark.L.Rev. 184, 187 (1958). See also Kenmore Constr. Co. v. Maryland Casualty Co., supra, 348 N.E.2d at 377 (perils of fire and lightning “are similar types of losses, and different from w", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "049a0c66bf13786c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 12144, "end": 12161, "quote": "348 N.E.2d at 377", "context": "tutes, 12 Ark.L.Rev. 184, 187 (1958). See also Kenmore Constr. Co. v. Maryland Casualty Co., supra, 348 N.E.2d at 377 (perils of fire and lightning “are similar types of losses, and different from windstorm, hail, tor", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "348 N.E.2d 374", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c59e039a59aafc5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_889/0776_01/index.html", "start": 13482, "end": 13493, "quote": "§ 23-88-101", "context": "ed and the case remanded for a new trial with instructions herein-before set forth.\n. Ark.Code Ann. § 23-88-101 (1987) provides in part:\n(a) A fire insurance policy, in case of a total loss by fire of the proper", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "757f90a25a9dafd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 5241, "end": 5254, "quote": "71 F.(2d) 208", "context": "t constitute a reduction to practice within the decisions of the courts, and cites Payne v. Hurley, 71 F.(2d) 208, 21 C.C.P.A.(Patents) 1144; Jobski v. Johnson, 47 App.D.C. 230; Fageol v. Lyon, 53 App.D.C. 361, 29", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 F.2d 208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_71/0208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "37686da4941dfc78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 5302, "end": 5317, "quote": "47 App.D.C. 230", "context": "the courts, and cites Payne v. Hurley, 71 F.(2d) 208, 21 C.C.P.A.(Patents) 1144; Jobski v. Johnson, 47 App.D.C. 230; Fageol v. Lyon, 53 App.D.C. 361, 290 F. 336; Urschel v. Crawford, 73 F.(2d) 510, 22 C.C.P.A. (Pate", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 App. D.C. 230", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a03459824430e255", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 5335, "end": 5350, "quote": "53 App.D.C. 361", "context": "rley, 71 F.(2d) 208, 21 C.C.P.A.(Patents) 1144; Jobski v. Johnson, 47 App.D.C. 230; Fageol v. Lyon, 53 App.D.C. 361, 290 F. 336; Urschel v. Crawford, 73 F.(2d) 510, 22 C.C.P.A. (Patents) 727; and others.\nAs we view ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 App. D.C. 361", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe0e69abb070ff83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 5352, "end": 5362, "quote": "290 F. 336", "context": "08, 21 C.C.P.A.(Patents) 1144; Jobski v. Johnson, 47 App.D.C. 230; Fageol v. Lyon, 53 App.D.C. 361, 290 F. 336; Urschel v. Crawford, 73 F.(2d) 510, 22 C.C.P.A. (Patents) 727; and others.\nAs we view the matter, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "290 F. 336", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "699329d2a5a83a7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 5385, "end": 5398, "quote": "73 F.(2d) 510", "context": "bski v. Johnson, 47 App.D.C. 230; Fageol v. Lyon, 53 App.D.C. 361, 290 F. 336; Urschel v. Crawford, 73 F.(2d) 510, 22 C.C.P.A. (Patents) 727; and others.\nAs we view the matter, it will not be necessary to pass upo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 F.2d 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_73/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "471da20ab6b49cf6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 7066, "end": 7072, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ughness usually experienced by such vehicles. . To support this theory, cases like Payne v. Hurley, supra, involving spark plugs, are cited. That case collates most of the recent cases on that subject. It s", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "71 F.2d 208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_71/0208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3947622ce00bd7a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 7235, "end": 7241, "quote": "supra,", "context": "he recent cases on that subject. It seems to be the theory that the rule stated in the Hurley Case, supra, is applicable to all automobile appliances or accessories. However, such is not the case, as appear", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "414336b317653c59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 7380, "end": 7393, "quote": "81 F.(2d) 755", "context": "nces or accessories. However, such is not the case, as appears from Wilson et al. v. Sherts et al., 81 F.(2d) 755, 23 C.C.P.A. (Patents) 914, where laminated safety glass is involved, Smith v. Place, 84 F.(2d) 196", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 F.2d 755", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_81/0755_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e74bfffadaf88df9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 7480, "end": 7493, "quote": "84 F.(2d) 196", "context": "81 F.(2d) 755, 23 C.C.P.A. (Patents) 914, where laminated safety glass is involved, Smith v. Place, 84 F.(2d) 196, 23 C.C.P.A. (Patents) 1260, where trim panel was involved, Creveling v. Jepson, 44 App.D.C. 445, w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 F.2d 196", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_84/0196_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1e1b411abe731300", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 7575, "end": 7590, "quote": "44 App.D.C. 445", "context": "ace, 84 F.(2d) 196, 23 C.C.P.A. (Patents) 1260, where trim panel was involved, Creveling v. Jepson, 44 App.D.C. 445, where electric distribution systems in car lighting systems, not necessarily automobile, were invo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 App. D.C. 445", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "02a0b8a4405429a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 7721, "end": 7736, "quote": "54 App.D.C. 177", "context": "ystems in car lighting systems, not necessarily automobile, were involved, Schwalbenberg v. Dowell, 54 App.D.C. 177, 295 F. 998, involving cooling systems for automobiles, and Aufiero v. Monnot, 46 App.D.C. 297, whe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 App. D.C. 177", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f250ac6762ae741", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 7738, "end": 7748, "quote": "295 F. 998", "context": "hting systems, not necessarily automobile, were involved, Schwalbenberg v. Dowell, 54 App.D.C. 177, 295 F. 998, involving cooling systems for automobiles, and Aufiero v. Monnot, 46 App.D.C. 297, where hand actu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "295 F. 998", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8c061cd8a30923f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 7816, "end": 7831, "quote": "46 App.D.C. 297", "context": "ell, 54 App.D.C. 177, 295 F. 998, involving cooling systems for automobiles, and Aufiero v. Monnot, 46 App.D.C. 297, where hand actuated alarm devices or mechanical horns were involved.\nIn the last case above cited,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 App. D.C. 297", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe7466896c7058f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 9838, "end": 9851, "quote": "98 O. G. 2586", "context": "that -such a mistake does not warrant the amendment of a preliminary statement (Dalgren v. Crocker, 98 O. G. 2586, 1902 C.D. 107; Miller v. Wallace, 131 O.G. 1689; Fowler v. Boyce, 108 O.G. 561). The motion must a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 O.G. 2586", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fced659cd62b674c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 9887, "end": 9900, "quote": "131 O.G. 1689", "context": "nt of a preliminary statement (Dalgren v. Crocker, 98 O. G. 2586, 1902 C.D. 107; Miller v. Wallace, 131 O.G. 1689; Fowler v. Boyce, 108 O.G. 561). The motion must accordingly be denied. It further appears, as indi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "131 O.G. 1689", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "46b8d37e2a8f633b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_90/0122_01/index.html", "start": 9919, "end": 9931, "quote": "108 O.G. 561", "context": "algren v. Crocker, 98 O. G. 2586, 1902 C.D. 107; Miller v. Wallace, 131 O.G. 1689; Fowler v. Boyce, 108 O.G. 561). The motion must accordingly be denied. It further appears, as indicated above, that the device re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 O.G. 561", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "116f3999dbb5bee5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 3087, "end": 3111, "quote": "29 U.S.C.A. §§ 1001-1461", "context": "e benefit plan” covered by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), codified in 29 U.S.C.A. §§ 1001-1461 (West 1985 & Supp.1990), and removed the case to federal court on the basis of federal question and", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. §§ 1001-1461", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2fadfbbd853f849", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 3851, "end": 3855, "quote": "§ 22", "context": "s free to cancel Mrs. Gahn’s coverage. Although it cited the relevant statute, see La.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 22:213(B)(7) note (West Supp.1990) (amended 1989), the court gave no reasons for its interpretation of", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c3a605cb1d7bcefc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 4354, "end": 4365, "quote": "914 F.2d 83", "context": "s a summary judgment in Allstate’s favor. See Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c); Morales v. Pan Am. Life Ins. Co., 914 F.2d 83, 85 (5th Cir.1990). We can affirm the judgment only if there is no genuine issue of material fact. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "914 F.2d 83", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_914/0083_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "deb8f8b3998d6b1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 4502, "end": 4514, "quote": "477 U.S. 242", "context": "e judgment only if there is no genuine issue of material fact. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 2510, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nB. ERISA Preemption\nOur first task is to dete", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da0e102d12f5fa5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 4524, "end": 4538, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": "re is no genuine issue of material fact. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 2510, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nB. ERISA Preemption\nOur first task is to determine whether the distri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e675c31bd8b07c18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 4546, "end": 4560, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": " of material fact. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 2510, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986).\nB. ERISA Preemption\nOur first task is to determine whether the district court properly conc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c2dbd1196564c81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 4818, "end": 4831, "quote": "908 F.2d 1077", "context": "an. Whether an ERISA plan exists is a question of fact. See Wickman v. Northwestern Nat’l Ins. Co., 908 F.2d 1077, 1082 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 111 S.Ct. 581, 112 L.Ed.2d 586 (1990).\nAn ERISA plan is a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "908 F.2d 1077", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_908/1077_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f4cec9cd3399116", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 4874, "end": 4887, "quote": "111 S.Ct. 581", "context": "See Wickman v. Northwestern Nat’l Ins. Co., 908 F.2d 1077, 1082 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 111 S.Ct. 581, 112 L.Ed.2d 586 (1990).\nAn ERISA plan is any employee welfare benefit plan that is “established or", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 S. Ct. 581", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd21e7d4f8744366", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 4889, "end": 4904, "quote": "112 L.Ed.2d 586", "context": "Northwestern Nat’l Ins. Co., 908 F.2d 1077, 1082 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 111 S.Ct. 581, 112 L.Ed.2d 586 (1990).\nAn ERISA plan is any employee welfare benefit plan that is “established or maintained by an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 L. Ed. 2d 586", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "41a68c1a49f9ce7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 5297, "end": 5304, "quote": "§§ 3(1)", "context": " or benefits in the event of sickness, accident, disability, death or unemployment. ...” See ERISA, §§ 3(1), 4(a)(1), 29 U.S.C.A. §§ 1002(1), 1003(a)(1) (West 1985 & Supp.1990). Although the benefits of her ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e77fb0e7f0903408", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 5315, "end": 5337, "quote": "29 U.S.C.A. §§ 1002(1)", "context": "e event of sickness, accident, disability, death or unemployment. ...” See ERISA, §§ 3(1), 4(a)(1), 29 U.S.C.A. §§ 1002(1), 1003(a)(1) (West 1985 & Supp.1990). Although the benefits of her husband’s policy are consistent w", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cec3a85af9ae9f60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 6704, "end": 6720, "quote": "698 F.Supp. 1317", "context": "es not change the analysis.\nDistrict Court Ruling at 6. The judge relied on Davis v. Time Ins. Co., 698 F.Supp. 1317, 1320 (S.D.Miss.1988), as the model for the findings he needed to make.\nBut the district court misd", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "698 F. Supp. 1317", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_698/1317_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a9e220746d4bdbd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 7086, "end": 7099, "quote": "617 F.2d 1208", "context": "s not an employee welfare benefit plan. See Taggart Corp. v. Life and Health Benefits Admin., Inc., 617 F.2d 1208, 1210 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 1030, 101 S.Ct. 1739, 68 L.Ed.2d 225 (1981); Donovan v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "617 F.2d 1208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_617/1208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "172be30d4be92a63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 7136, "end": 7149, "quote": "450 U.S. 1030", "context": "t Corp. v. Life and Health Benefits Admin., Inc., 617 F.2d 1208, 1210 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 1030, 101 S.Ct. 1739, 68 L.Ed.2d 225 (1981); Donovan v. Dillingham, 688 F.2d 1367, 1372 (11th Cir.1982).", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "450 U.S. 1030", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0db691057943ee88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 7151, "end": 7165, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 1739", "context": " and Health Benefits Admin., Inc., 617 F.2d 1208, 1210 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 1030, 101 S.Ct. 1739, 68 L.Ed.2d 225 (1981); Donovan v. Dillingham, 688 F.2d 1367, 1372 (11th Cir.1982). Thus, the nexus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 1739", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "730b243ea914e6d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 7167, "end": 7181, "quote": "68 L.Ed.2d 225", "context": "fits Admin., Inc., 617 F.2d 1208, 1210 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 1030, 101 S.Ct. 1739, 68 L.Ed.2d 225 (1981); Donovan v. Dillingham, 688 F.2d 1367, 1372 (11th Cir.1982). Thus, the nexus between Allstat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 L. Ed. 2d 225", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06a8e48a62355983", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 7213, "end": 7226, "quote": "688 F.2d 1367", "context": "r.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 1030, 101 S.Ct. 1739, 68 L.Ed.2d 225 (1981); Donovan v. Dillingham, 688 F.2d 1367, 1372 (11th Cir.1982). Thus, the nexus between Allstate and the trust is only marginally relevant t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "688 F.2d 1367", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_688/1367_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "20afc7f6a9eb1219", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 7652, "end": 7664, "quote": "904 F.2d 236", "context": "lvement with the administration of the plan. See Memorial Hosp. System v. Northbrook Life Ins. Co., 904 F.2d 236, 243 (5th Cir.1990) (analyzing the “employer-employee-plan relationship” to decide whether a corpor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "904 F.2d 236", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_904/0236_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "28eb52dd573f98d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 7827, "end": 7843, "quote": "617 F.2d at 1211", "context": "ationship” to decide whether a corporation had established an ERISA welfare benefit plan); Taggart, 617 F.2d at 1211 (noting that ERISA does not regulate the purchase of health insurance if “the purchasing employer n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "617 F.2d 1208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_617/1208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ab3b140fec3686c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 8096, "end": 8112, "quote": "745 F.Supp. 1227", "context": "sters or assumes responsibility for the policy or its benefits”); Foxworth v. Durham Life Ins. Co., 745 F.Supp. 1227, 1230 (S.D.Miss.1990).\nTo decide whether an employer has “established or maintained” an employee be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "745 F. Supp. 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_745/1227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67e9930f9ee78a4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 8397, "end": 8415, "quote": "29 C.F.R. § 2510.3", "context": "st, it must apply the safe-harbor provision that has been prescribed by the Secretary of Labor. See 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3—1(j) (1990); see also ERISA, § 505, 29 U.S.C.A. § 1135 (West 1985) (authorizing the Secretary to pr", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "29 C.F.R. § 2510.3", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07bfb3bbf49bc95f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 8445, "end": 8450, "quote": "§ 505", "context": " has been prescribed by the Secretary of Labor. See 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3—1(j) (1990); see also ERISA, § 505, 29 U.S.C.A. § 1135 (West 1985) (authorizing the Secretary to promulgate regulations interpreting E", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c4141bb303c0e16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 8452, "end": 8470, "quote": "29 U.S.C.A. § 1135", "context": "en prescribed by the Secretary of Labor. See 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3—1(j) (1990); see also ERISA, § 505, 29 U.S.C.A. § 1135 (West 1985) (authorizing the Secretary to promulgate regulations interpreting ERISA). Under that pr", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": "29 U.S.C. § 1135", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d23fe720779825ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 8996, "end": 9015, "quote": "29 C.F.R. §§ 2510.3", "context": "llstate to advertise the plan; and (4) Mr. Gahn received no profit from administering the plan. See 29 C.F.R. §§ 2510.3—l(j)(1)—(4). The group insurance plan must meet all four criteria in order to be exempt from ERISA.", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "29 C.F.R. §§ 2510.3", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac8dc39207627229", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 9136, "end": 9148, "quote": "904 F.2d at ", "context": "up insurance plan must meet all four criteria in order to be exempt from ERISA. See Memorial Hosp., 904 F.2d at 241 n. 6.\nIf a plan does not qualify for exemption from ERISA coverage under the safe-harbor provisi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "904 F.2d 236", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_904/0236_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e2514de69349994", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 9254, "end": 9268, "quote": "section 2510.3", "context": " 6.\nIf a plan does not qualify for exemption from ERISA coverage under the safe-harbor provision of section 2510.3—l(j), the court must decide whether, “ ‘from the surrounding circumstances[,] a reasonable person c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c8ed757bfd02991f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 9501, "end": 9511, "quote": "id. at 240", "context": "s, a class of beneficiaries, the source of financing, and procedures for receiving benefits.’ ” See id. at 240 (quoting Donovan v. Dillingham, 688 F.2d 1367, 1373 (11th Cir.1982)). If so, the employer has estab", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_904/0236_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0678a92069bb64f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 9544, "end": 9557, "quote": "688 F.2d 1367", "context": "financing, and procedures for receiving benefits.’ ” See id. at 240 (quoting Donovan v. Dillingham, 688 F.2d 1367, 1373 (11th Cir.1982)). If so, the employer has established or maintained an employee welfare benef", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "688 F.2d 1367", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_688/1367_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "48d0e679ffdd7822", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 10865, "end": 10869, "quote": "§ 22", "context": "lstate from cancelling her coverage after she was diagnosed with liver cancer. See La.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 22:213(B)(7) note (West Supp.1990) (amended 1989). Second, she argues that, even if the statute permit", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f059cecf5f62ade", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 11551, "end": 11559, "quote": "§ 514(a)", "context": "ERISA preempts “all State laws insofar as they ... relate to any employee benefit plan.” See ERISA, § 514(a), 29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(a) (West 1985). The net of section 514(a) is large enough to capture any law th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1750ee217d090de2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 11561, "end": 11582, "quote": "29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(a)", "context": "mpts “all State laws insofar as they ... relate to any employee benefit plan.” See ERISA, § 514(a), 29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(a) (West 1985). The net of section 514(a) is large enough to capture any law that has a connection wit", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac543050adebb9f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 11607, "end": 11621, "quote": "section 514(a)", "context": "e to any employee benefit plan.” See ERISA, § 514(a), 29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(a) (West 1985). The net of section 514(a) is large enough to capture any law that has a connection with such a plan. See Shaw v. Delta Air Li", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f05581e749356146", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 11726, "end": 11737, "quote": "463 U.S. 85", "context": "arge enough to capture any law that has a connection with such a plan. See Shaw v. Delta Air Lines, 463 U.S. 85, 97-98, 103 S.Ct. 2890, 2900, 77 L.Ed.2d 490 (1983). Under Louisiana law, the “abuse of rights” doc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "463 U.S. 85", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "806739bd989ba7be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 11746, "end": 11760, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 2890", "context": "re any law that has a connection with such a plan. See Shaw v. Delta Air Lines, 463 U.S. 85, 97-98, 103 S.Ct. 2890, 2900, 77 L.Ed.2d 490 (1983). Under Louisiana law, the “abuse of rights” doctrine is an appropriate", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 2890", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a359b3b5e22507e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 11768, "end": 11782, "quote": "77 L.Ed.2d 490", "context": "connection with such a plan. See Shaw v. Delta Air Lines, 463 U.S. 85, 97-98, 103 S.Ct. 2890, 2900, 77 L.Ed.2d 490 (1983). Under Louisiana law, the “abuse of rights” doctrine is an appropriate vehicle to compel All", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 L. Ed. 2d 490", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc6774e823126838", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 11971, "end": 11985, "quote": "468 So.2d 1215", "context": " compel Allstate to pay Sally Gahn’s medical benefits. See Breland v. Louisiana Hosp. Servs., Inc., 468 So.2d 1215, 1223-24 (La.Ct.App. 1st Cir.1984) (on rehearing); Cataldie v. Louisiana Health Serv. & Indem. Co.,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "468 So. 2d 1215", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d560358655a0a36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12086, "end": 12100, "quote": "456 So.2d 1373", "context": " 1223-24 (La.Ct.App. 1st Cir.1984) (on rehearing); Cataldie v. Louisiana Health Serv. & Indem. Co., 456 So.2d 1373, 1376-77 (La.1984). Therefore, the doctrine is within the ambit of section 514(a).\nHowever, in what", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "456 So. 2d 1373", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "770a8e25f9476dd5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12168, "end": 12182, "quote": "section 514(a)", "context": "rv. & Indem. Co., 456 So.2d 1373, 1376-77 (La.1984). Therefore, the doctrine is within the ambit of section 514(a).\nHowever, in what has come to be known as the “savings clause,” Congress stated that ERISA was not ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "787d05532e09ce97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12356, "end": 12370, "quote": "§ 514(b)(2)(A)", "context": "stated that ERISA was not intended to supersede State laws which “regulatef] insurance.” See ERISA, § 514(b)(2)(A), 29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(b)(2)(A). The savings clause preserves the right of States, given by the McCarr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b277a6821e18d1ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12372, "end": 12399, "quote": "29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(b)(2)(A)", "context": "A was not intended to supersede State laws which “regulatef] insurance.” See ERISA, § 514(b)(2)(A), 29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(b)(2)(A). The savings clause preserves the right of States, given by the McCarran-Ferguson Act, to regulate ", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ef198eb0990854a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12555, "end": 12561, "quote": "§ 2(a)", "context": "n by the McCarran-Ferguson Act, to regulate the “business of insurance.” See McCarran-Ferguson Act, § 2(a), 15 U.S.C.A. § 1012(a) (West 1976); Pilot Life Ins. Co. v. Dedeaux, 481 U.S. 41, 48, 107 S.Ct. 1549", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8f59fd16b54e364", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12563, "end": 12584, "quote": "15 U.S.C.A. § 1012(a)", "context": " McCarran-Ferguson Act, to regulate the “business of insurance.” See McCarran-Ferguson Act, § 2(a), 15 U.S.C.A. § 1012(a) (West 1976); Pilot Life Ins. Co. v. Dedeaux, 481 U.S. 41, 48, 107 S.Ct. 1549, 1553, 95 L.Ed.2d 39 (", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5102df7912f7d0e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12630, "end": 12641, "quote": "481 U.S. 41", "context": "e McCarran-Ferguson Act, § 2(a), 15 U.S.C.A. § 1012(a) (West 1976); Pilot Life Ins. Co. v. Dedeaux, 481 U.S. 41, 48, 107 S.Ct. 1549, 1553, 95 L.Ed.2d 39 (1987). Consequently, to determine whether a State law is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "481 U.S. 41", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "efb67dad579e79a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12647, "end": 12661, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 1549", "context": "on Act, § 2(a), 15 U.S.C.A. § 1012(a) (West 1976); Pilot Life Ins. Co. v. Dedeaux, 481 U.S. 41, 48, 107 S.Ct. 1549, 1553, 95 L.Ed.2d 39 (1987). Consequently, to determine whether a State law is exempt from ERISA pr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1549", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0cf85f9732538f11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12669, "end": 12682, "quote": "95 L.Ed.2d 39", "context": ".C.A. § 1012(a) (West 1976); Pilot Life Ins. Co. v. Dedeaux, 481 U.S. 41, 48, 107 S.Ct. 1549, 1553, 95 L.Ed.2d 39 (1987). Consequently, to determine whether a State law is exempt from ERISA preemption, a court sho", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 L. Ed. 2d 39", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d06896cf437b8fde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12890, "end": 12904, "quote": "481 U.S. at 48", "context": "ine the meaning of the phrase “business of insurance” in the McCarran-Ferguson Act. See Pilot Life, 481 U.S. at 48,107 S.Ct. at 1553.\nThree criteria are used to decide whether a law regulates the “business of insur", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "481 U.S. 41", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6877528959c5fb34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 12905, "end": 12922, "quote": "107 S.Ct. at 1553", "context": " of the phrase “business of insurance” in the McCarran-Ferguson Act. See Pilot Life, 481 U.S. at 48,107 S.Ct. at 1553.\nThree criteria are used to decide whether a law regulates the “business of insurance”: “first, whe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1549", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a89e711e70d04a88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 13356, "end": 13368, "quote": "471 U.S. 724", "context": "imited to entities within the insurance industry.” See Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Massachusetts, 471 U.S. 724, 743, 105 S.Ct. 2380, 2391, 85 L.Ed.2d 728 (1985) (quoting Union Labor Life Ins. Co. v. Pireno, 458", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "471 U.S. 724", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe663599d9d7a480", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 13375, "end": 13389, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 2380", "context": "within the insurance industry.” See Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Massachusetts, 471 U.S. 724, 743, 105 S.Ct. 2380, 2391, 85 L.Ed.2d 728 (1985) (quoting Union Labor Life Ins. Co. v. Pireno, 458 U.S. 119, 129, 102 S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 2380", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b496c1f66c41220c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 13397, "end": 13411, "quote": "85 L.Ed.2d 728", "context": "ndustry.” See Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Massachusetts, 471 U.S. 724, 743, 105 S.Ct. 2380, 2391, 85 L.Ed.2d 728 (1985) (quoting Union Labor Life Ins. Co. v. Pireno, 458 U.S. 119, 129, 102 S.Ct. 3002, 3009, 73 L.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 L. Ed. 2d 728", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96b1558247dfa1f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 13465, "end": 13477, "quote": "458 U.S. 119", "context": "724, 743, 105 S.Ct. 2380, 2391, 85 L.Ed.2d 728 (1985) (quoting Union Labor Life Ins. Co. v. Pireno, 458 U.S. 119, 129, 102 S.Ct. 3002, 3009, 73 L.Ed.2d 647 (1982)) (emphasis in original). Applying these three fac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "458 U.S. 119", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54217eb8826a6ea8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 13484, "end": 13498, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 3002", "context": " 2380, 2391, 85 L.Ed.2d 728 (1985) (quoting Union Labor Life Ins. Co. v. Pireno, 458 U.S. 119, 129, 102 S.Ct. 3002, 3009, 73 L.Ed.2d 647 (1982)) (emphasis in original). Applying these three factors, the Supreme Cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 3002", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "208499bec21363ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 13506, "end": 13520, "quote": "73 L.Ed.2d 647", "context": "d 728 (1985) (quoting Union Labor Life Ins. Co. v. Pireno, 458 U.S. 119, 129, 102 S.Ct. 3002, 3009, 73 L.Ed.2d 647 (1982)) (emphasis in original). Applying these three factors, the Supreme Court has held that an in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 L. Ed. 2d 647", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63c23a6dd6ed2df6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 13793, "end": 13807, "quote": "481 U.S. at 57", "context": "f bad faith for wrongfully terminating his coverage under an employee benefit plan. See Pilot Life, 481 U.S. at 57, 107 S.Ct. at 1558. The court noted that the Mississippi law did not spread the policyholder’s risk", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "481 U.S. 41", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b57a6feed79ba73", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 13809, "end": 13826, "quote": "107 S.Ct. at 1558", "context": "wrongfully terminating his coverage under an employee benefit plan. See Pilot Life, 481 U.S. at 57, 107 S.Ct. at 1558. The court noted that the Mississippi law did not spread the policyholder’s risk, nor was it confin", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1549", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "64d122aba437e05a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 13960, "end": 13972, "quote": "id. at 50-51", "context": "ippi law did not spread the policyholder’s risk, nor was it confined to the insurance industry. See id. at 50-51, 107 S.Ct. at 1554-55. “The state common law of bad faith [was] therefore no more ‘inte-grab to the", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a13e5c69bdff9da4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 13974, "end": 13994, "quote": "107 S.Ct. at 1554-55", "context": "ot spread the policyholder’s risk, nor was it confined to the insurance industry. See id. at 50-51, 107 S.Ct. at 1554-55. “The state common law of bad faith [was] therefore no more ‘inte-grab to the insurer-insured relat", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1549", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b758d2baab489e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 14187, "end": 14196, "quote": "Id. at 51", "context": "d relationship than any State’s general contract law is integral to a contract made in that State.” Id. at 51, 107 S.Ct. at 1555.\nThe analysis of Pilot Life demonstrates why the “abuse of rights” doctrine is s", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "310207979eb6ac74", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 14198, "end": 14215, "quote": "107 S.Ct. at 1555", "context": "hip than any State’s general contract law is integral to a contract made in that State.” Id. at 51, 107 S.Ct. at 1555.\nThe analysis of Pilot Life demonstrates why the “abuse of rights” doctrine is superseded by ERISA.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1549", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a73eee4e8a682f23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 14800, "end": 14817, "quote": "468 So.2d at 1223", "context": "ssary harm to another, the doctrine of abuse of rights will bar the exercise of the right.\nBreland, 468 So.2d at 1223. The doctrine is not confined to the insurance industry but is a law of general application. Compar", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "468 So. 2d 1215", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09e0807cf892002b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 14957, "end": 14968, "quote": "481 U.S. 58", "context": "surance industry but is a law of general application. Compare Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Taylor, 481 U.S. 58, 62, 107 S.Ct. 1542, 1546, 95 L.Ed.2d 55 (1987). Consequently, to the extent that an insured attemp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "481 U.S. 58", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa2261b99b47d66d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 14974, "end": 14988, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 1542", "context": "but is a law of general application. Compare Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Taylor, 481 U.S. 58, 62, 107 S.Ct. 1542, 1546, 95 L.Ed.2d 55 (1987). Consequently, to the extent that an insured attempts to use the “abuse", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1542", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c623c10fcc22835", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 14996, "end": 15009, "quote": "95 L.Ed.2d 55", "context": "l application. Compare Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Taylor, 481 U.S. 58, 62, 107 S.Ct. 1542, 1546, 95 L.Ed.2d 55 (1987). Consequently, to the extent that an insured attempts to use the “abuse of rights\" doctrine ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 L. Ed. 2d 55", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ac3224f5c51aa30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 15410, "end": 15420, "quote": "section 22", "context": "rs. Gahn’s statutory remedy. ' Mrs. Gahn contends that a provision of the Louisiana Insurance Code, section 22:213(B)(7), prohibited Allstate from terminating her insurance coverage after she was diagnosed with", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03f017142dccecbc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 15535, "end": 15545, "quote": "Section 22", "context": "hibited Allstate from terminating her insurance coverage after she was diagnosed with liver cancer. Section 22:213(B)(7) sets out the conditions that an insurer must meet before it may cancel an insurance polic", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08983c0849f9ece1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 16056, "end": 16070, "quote": "§ 514(b)(2)(A)", "context": "ance industry. Thus, the statute “regulate[s] insurance” and is not superseded by ERISA. See ERISA, § 514(b)(2)(A), 29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(b)(2)(A); Metropolitan IAfe Ins. Co. v. Massachusetts, 471 U.S. at 742-43, 105 ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "445d57d97af8cdd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 16072, "end": 16099, "quote": "29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(b)(2)(A)", "context": "hus, the statute “regulate[s] insurance” and is not superseded by ERISA. See ERISA, § 514(b)(2)(A), 29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(b)(2)(A); Metropolitan IAfe Ins. Co. v. Massachusetts, 471 U.S. at 742-43, 105 S.Ct. at 2390-91 (1985) (noti", "category": "usc_annotated", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ef192ece66804916", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 16146, "end": 16164, "quote": "471 U.S. at 742-43", "context": "ee ERISA, § 514(b)(2)(A), 29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(b)(2)(A); Metropolitan IAfe Ins. Co. v. Massachusetts, 471 U.S. at 742-43, 105 S.Ct. at 2390-91 (1985) (noting that “regulation[s] regarding the substantive terms of insuran", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "471 U.S. 724", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "354c8a8dc84cdcb2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 16166, "end": 16186, "quote": "105 S.Ct. at 2390-91", "context": ")(A), 29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(b)(2)(A); Metropolitan IAfe Ins. Co. v. Massachusetts, 471 U.S. at 742-43, 105 S.Ct. at 2390-91 (1985) (noting that “regulation[s] regarding the substantive terms of insurance contracts fall[ ] s", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 2380", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f73002c3383f956c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 16388, "end": 16401, "quote": "538 So.2d 210", "context": "arely within the saving clause as laws ‘which regulate insurance’ ”); Soniat v. Travelers Ins. Co., 538 So.2d 210, 215 (La.1989) (holding that ERISA does not preempt section 22:213(B)(7)).\nD. Did Louisiana’s Statu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "538 So. 2d 210", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7128c844bc7e3246", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 16454, "end": 16464, "quote": "section 22", "context": "”); Soniat v. Travelers Ins. Co., 538 So.2d 210, 215 (La.1989) (holding that ERISA does not preempt section 22:213(B)(7)).\nD. Did Louisiana’s Statutory Law Prohibit Allstate from Cancelling Sally Gahn’s Policy ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "188625e7c54bed62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 17222, "end": 17226, "quote": "§ 22", "context": "ch cancellation shall be without prejudice to any claim originating prior thereto.\nLa.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 22:213(B)(7) (West 1959) (emphasis added). Although the Insurance Code indicated that this statute app", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b8c9c8a2351885b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 17393, "end": 17398, "quote": "§ 221", "context": "e indicated that this statute applied only to individual health care policies, see La.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 221 (West 1959) (stating that sections 22:212 through 22:214 of the revised statutes “shall not apply t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "af582f111341add2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 17425, "end": 17436, "quote": "sections 22", "context": "plied only to individual health care policies, see La.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 221 (West 1959) (stating that sections 22:212 through 22:214 of the revised statutes “shall not apply to group or blanket health and accident", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e92b8a8a3a2ad13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 17635, "end": 17654, "quote": "538 So.2d at 215-16", "context": "t insurance policies”), the Louisiana courts have applied it to group policies as well, see Soniat, 538 So.2d at 215-16; Cabibi v. Louisiana Health Serv. & Indem. Co., 465 So.2d 56, 57 (La.Ct.App. 4th Cir.1985).\nIn 1984", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "538 So. 2d 210", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "470db3269aa0f88a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 17703, "end": 17715, "quote": "465 So.2d 56", "context": "p policies as well, see Soniat, 538 So.2d at 215-16; Cabibi v. Louisiana Health Serv. & Indem. Co., 465 So.2d 56, 57 (La.Ct.App. 4th Cir.1985).\nIn 1984, the Louisiana Supreme Court held that section 22:213(B)(7) ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "465 So. 2d 56", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b36f2d278686127", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 17794, "end": 17804, "quote": "section 22", "context": "em. Co., 465 So.2d 56, 57 (La.Ct.App. 4th Cir.1985).\nIn 1984, the Louisiana Supreme Court held that section 22:213(B)(7) prohibited Blue Cross from revoking coverage for an insured’s daughter, who had been diag", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39f1145ecf61a12a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 18005, "end": 18019, "quote": "456 So.2d 1373", "context": "osed with brain cancer during the policy period. Cataldie v. Louisiana Health Serv. and Indem. Co., 456 So.2d 1373, 1375 (La.1984). Applying the language of the statute, the court determined that coverage for medic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "456 So. 2d 1373", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f2bdc5ff4850c78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 18261, "end": 18272, "quote": "id. at 1376", "context": "ncer was a “claim” which had “originated prior” to the insurer’s decision to cancel the policy. See id. at 1376. The court noted that this interpretation of the law was consistent with the expectations of the pa", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "456 So. 2d 1373", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "edc95590b76c8cd9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 18583, "end": 18586, "quote": "id.", "context": "sease might afflict his family, and Blue Cross should have expected to be exposed to this risk. See id. The court also stated that it would be unconscionable to allow an insurance company to wait until a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "456 So. 2d 1373", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f96c177a9a198b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 18823, "end": 18826, "quote": "id.", "context": "ling a policy, making it impossible for the insured to obtain insurance from any other carrier. See id.\nIn 1985, the legislature amended section 22:213(B)(7) to provide that\n[t]he insurer may cancel this", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "456 So. 2d 1373", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c4feb669168312d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 18860, "end": 18870, "quote": "section 22", "context": "or the insured to obtain insurance from any other carrier. See id.\nIn 1985, the legislature amended section 22:213(B)(7) to provide that\n[t]he insurer may cancel this policy at any time by written notice, deliv", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45fe93a49ba58a12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 19379, "end": 19383, "quote": "§ 22", "context": "its and expenses incurred shall be defined and limited by the terms of the policy.\nLa.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 22:213(B)(7) note (West Supp.1990) (emphasis added). The legislature did not state whether the 1985 am", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c78dc900868e4f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 19644, "end": 19657, "quote": "549 So.2d 826", "context": "n to pay medical expenses after cancelling a policy. See Massachusetts Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Nails, 549 So.2d 826, 830, 831 (La.1989).\nIn 1985, the legislature also added section 22:215(A)(l)(d), a cancellation st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "549 So. 2d 826", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c68abb9a04ffb17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 19715, "end": 19725, "quote": "section 22", "context": "Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Nails, 549 So.2d 826, 830, 831 (La.1989).\nIn 1985, the legislature also added section 22:215(A)(l)(d), a cancellation statute that applied specifically to group insurance policies. The lan", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a58e2e6b31d73c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 19889, "end": 19899, "quote": "section 22", "context": "to group insurance policies. The language of that provision was almost identical to the language of section 22:213(B)(7):\nExcept as may otherwise be provided in the policy or contract of group health and accide", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "92cac6a067eed7b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 20527, "end": 20531, "quote": "§ 22", "context": "its and expenses incurred shall be defined and limited by the terms of the policy.\nLa.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 22:215(A)(l)(d) note (West Supp.1990) (amended 1989) (emphasis added). The parties did not rely on thi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a0597ec32aea2ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 20779, "end": 20789, "quote": "section 22", "context": " it. Absent a contrary indication from the Louisiana legislature or its courts, we will assume that section 22:213(B)(7) still applies to group policies, notwithstanding the addition of section 22:215(A)(l)(d).", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b644617f8b04572", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 20865, "end": 20875, "quote": "section 22", "context": "l assume that section 22:213(B)(7) still applies to group policies, notwithstanding the addition of section 22:215(A)(l)(d).\nIn 1989, the legislature amended section 22:213(B)(7) again, this time making it clea", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "536ad307e90f4767", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 20923, "end": 20933, "quote": "section 22", "context": "policies, notwithstanding the addition of section 22:215(A)(l)(d).\nIn 1989, the legislature amended section 22:213(B)(7) again, this time making it clear that an insurer must continue medical coverage for an in", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1adda6c245781f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 21109, "end": 21113, "quote": "§ 22", "context": "dical coverage for an insured who has been diagnosed with a terminal illness. See La.Rev. Stat.Ann. § 22:213(B)(7) (West Supp.1990). The amended, and current, version of section 22:213(B)(7) states that t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e0f40adfef24208b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 21179, "end": 21189, "quote": "section 22", "context": "llness. See La.Rev. Stat.Ann. § 22:213(B)(7) (West Supp.1990). The amended, and current, version of section 22:213(B)(7) states that the insurer’s obligations after cancelling a policy are “subject to the provi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf3d3ff55e2e1216", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 21318, "end": 21328, "quote": "section 22", "context": "surer’s obligations after cancelling a policy are “subject to the provisions of R.S. 22:228.” Under section 22:228, if an insurer cancels a group health policy after an insured has been diagnosed with a termina", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "614363df4d87bf06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 21588, "end": 21592, "quote": "§ 22", "context": " will pay for all medical expenses incurred as a direct result of the illness. See La.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 22:228(A) (West Supp. 1990). Both statutes became effective on September 3, 1989.\nThe statute that pre", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cf01997af3b33fdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 21835, "end": 21846, "quote": "825 F.2d 69", "context": " the statute that was in effect when the policy was issued. See Tusa v. Prudential Ins. Co. of Am., 825 F.2d 69, 72 n. 2 (5th Cir.1987). Allstate issued the original policy to Mr. Gahn in 1986, indicating that t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "825 F.2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_825/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "07d2c0d0cd49293a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 22222, "end": 22232, "quote": "section 22", "context": "ke the protection of the 1989 amendment. Therefore, we first must decide which of the amendments to section 22:213(B)(7) controls the resolution of this case.\nThe key to Mrs. Gahn’s attempt to use the 1989 amen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b402b1fd664bb20c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 23305, "end": 23318, "quote": "544 So.2d 664", "context": "s not create a new policy under Louisiana law. See Woodmen of the World Life Ins. Society v. Hymel, 544 So.2d 664, 667 (La.Ct.App. 3d Cir.), writ denied, 551 So.2d 629 (La.1989). Moreover, even if we accept the ar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "544 So. 2d 664", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79c633c6b6c0e732", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 23359, "end": 23372, "quote": "551 So.2d 629", "context": "dmen of the World Life Ins. Society v. Hymel, 544 So.2d 664, 667 (La.Ct.App. 3d Cir.), writ denied, 551 So.2d 629 (La.1989). Moreover, even if we accept the argument that Allstate issued the Gahns a new policy whe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "551 So. 2d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d5ca6486629f7e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 23656, "end": 23666, "quote": "section 22", "context": "nd, therefore, is still controlled by the 1985 amendment.\nHaving decided that the 1985 amendment to section 22:213(B)(7) defines Allstate’s duty to Mrs. Gahn, we now must decide what that duty is. Allstate cann", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e564fbc340a2552c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 23911, "end": 23915, "quote": "§ 22", "context": "ts accrued or expenses incurred for services rendered prior to cancellation.” See La.Rev.Stat. Ann. § 22:213(B)(7). Allstate contends that it complied with the requirements of the statute because it paid ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c4b2391fc59e645", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 24273, "end": 24286, "quote": "506 So.2d 941", "context": "w, we should not assume that two different terms in a statute are synonymous. See Colwell v. State, 506 So.2d 941, 944 (La.Ct.App. 1st Cir.), writ denied, 508 So.2d 89 (La.1987); Spragio v. Board of Trustees of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "506 So. 2d 941", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04d93b902d7bd6b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 24328, "end": 24340, "quote": "508 So.2d 89", "context": "tatute are synonymous. See Colwell v. State, 506 So.2d 941, 944 (La.Ct.App. 1st Cir.), writ denied, 508 So.2d 89 (La.1987); Spragio v. Board of Trustees of the State Employees Group Benefits Program, 468 So.2d 13", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "508 So. 2d 89", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a2bdf66dee86154", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 24428, "end": 24442, "quote": "468 So.2d 1323", "context": "508 So.2d 89 (La.1987); Spragio v. Board of Trustees of the State Employees Group Benefits Program, 468 So.2d 1323, 1326 (La.Ct.App. 1st Cir.), writ denied, 472 So.2d 32 (La.1985).\nMrs. Gahn, on the other hand, arg", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "468 So. 2d 1323", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e18fc991ce0d4da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 24485, "end": 24497, "quote": "472 So.2d 32", "context": "he State Employees Group Benefits Program, 468 So.2d 1323, 1326 (La.Ct.App. 1st Cir.), writ denied, 472 So.2d 32 (La.1985).\nMrs. Gahn, on the other hand, argues that she “incurred” the expense for the treatment o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "472 So. 2d 32", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "593125fbb5737297", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 24811, "end": 24824, "quote": "282 So.2d 569", "context": "ovisions in insurance policies to support that position. See, e.g., Valladares v. Monarch Ins. Co., 282 So.2d 569, 572-73 (La.Ct.App. 4th Cir.) (holding that cost of plastic surgery to repair scarring was an expen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "282 So. 2d 569", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31b8e8d8800af370", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 25080, "end": 25093, "quote": "284 So.2d 603", "context": "h the physician waited more than a year after the accident to perform the operation), writs denied, 284 So.2d 603, 604 (La.1973); Humphries v. Puritan Life Ins. Co., 311 So.2d 534, 538 (La.Ct.App. 3d Cir.1975) (in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "284 So. 2d 603", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4330185c23d7c0d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 25146, "end": 25159, "quote": "311 So.2d 534", "context": "orm the operation), writs denied, 284 So.2d 603, 604 (La.1973); Humphries v. Puritan Life Ins. Co., 311 So.2d 534, 538 (La.Ct.App. 3d Cir.1975) (interpreting a student accident policy and holding that the cost of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "311 So. 2d 534", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f74beba3ee3b152", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 25663, "end": 25678, "quote": "10 A.L.R.3d 468", "context": "Providing for Payment of Medical Expenses Incurred Within Fixed Period of Time from Date of Injury, 10 A.L.R.3d 468 (1966). We are not persuaded by this argument either. Even if we were to use prior interpretations ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "10 A.L.R. 3d 468", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d996d1d8130d8a70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 25828, "end": 25838, "quote": "section 22", "context": "her. Even if we were to use prior interpretations of insurance contracts as a guide to interpreting section 22:213(B)(7), a statute, the opinions that Mrs. Gahn cites do not determine when an insurer is permitt", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f494bae158976212", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 26144, "end": 26157, "quote": "523 So.2d 291", "context": "policy is in effect or after it has expired by its own terms. See Mezzacappo v. Travelers Ins. Co., 523 So.2d 291, 294 (La.Ct.App. 3d Cir.) (stating that there is “a distinct and important difference between ‘canc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "523 So. 2d 291", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61ca3ec848c9a3b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 26383, "end": 26396, "quote": "531 So.2d 473", "context": "contract by the insurer and ‘termination’ of coverage under a contract of insurance”), writ denied, 531 So.2d 473 (1988). Moreover, the cases do not consistently support Mrs. Gahn’s argument: depending on the fact", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "531 So. 2d 473", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0318b8d274179574", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 26762, "end": 26775, "quote": "362 So.2d 823", "context": "but the actual services are rendered after that period. See, e.g., Matherne v. Prudential Ins. Co., 362 So.2d 823, 825 (La.Ct.App. 3d Cir.1978) (holding that the insured, covered by a group insurance policy purcha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "362 So. 2d 823", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd1333457652c555", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 27036, "end": 27048, "quote": "825 F.2d at ", "context": "ing coverage for the treatment of his daughter’s illness after he terminated his employment); Tusa, 825 F.2d at 73 n. 3 (discussing the differing results under Louisiana law).\nSection 22:213(B)(7) provides that a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "825 F.2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_825/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e6fa168cdad1b6cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 27112, "end": 27122, "quote": "Section 22", "context": " his employment); Tusa, 825 F.2d at 73 n. 3 (discussing the differing results under Louisiana law).\nSection 22:213(B)(7) provides that an insurer may define and limit “[bjenefits and expenses incurred ... by th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "212bb292d7c1e736", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 27428, "end": 27442, "quote": "573 So.2d 1172", "context": "ate defined the benefits that accrued to Mrs. Gahn. See Waldrip v. Connecticut Nat’l Life Ins. Co., 573 So.2d 1172 (La.Ct.App. 5th Cir.1991) (WESTLAW). Waldrip was decided under section 22:215(A)(l)(d) rather than ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 1172", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16dc0b15a0b67ea3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 27506, "end": 27516, "quote": "section 22", "context": " Nat’l Life Ins. Co., 573 So.2d 1172 (La.Ct.App. 5th Cir.1991) (WESTLAW). Waldrip was decided under section 22:215(A)(l)(d) rather than section 22:213(B)(7). As we noted above, however, the relevant language in", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d4f6c186444b987", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 27542, "end": 27552, "quote": "section 22", "context": " (La.Ct.App. 5th Cir.1991) (WESTLAW). Waldrip was decided under section 22:215(A)(l)(d) rather than section 22:213(B)(7). As we noted above, however, the relevant language in these two statutes is identical. Th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd385531b931a6c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 27711, "end": 27721, "quote": "section 22", "context": "ge in these two statutes is identical. Therefore, the Louisiana appellate court’s interpretation of section 22:215(A)(l)(d) is persuasive authority for the proper interpretation of section 22:213(B)(7). See C. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a04a6741af2baed9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 27792, "end": 27802, "quote": "section 22", "context": " interpretation of section 22:215(A)(l)(d) is persuasive authority for the proper interpretation of section 22:213(B)(7). See C. Wright, A. Miller, & E. Cooper, 19 Federal Practice and Procedure § 4507, at 94 (", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6434dedc1037825f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 27887, "end": 27893, "quote": "§ 4507", "context": "n of section 22:213(B)(7). See C. Wright, A. Miller, & E. Cooper, 19 Federal Practice and Procedure § 4507, at 94 (1982) (“If the state’s highest court has not ruled on an issue, intermediate appellate cour", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c07c9e526d6c24be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 29070, "end": 29080, "quote": "section 22", "context": "La.Dist.Ct. Feb. 14, 1990) (unpublished opinion)).\nThe legislative history of the 1985 amendment to section 22:213(B)(7) also indicates that an insurer may cancel coverage for an insured without being liable fo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98046e3b8a790bff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 29632, "end": 29642, "quote": "section 22", "context": "tial Insurance Company of America). This interpretation is reinforced by the legislative history of section 22:228, which now prohibits an insurer from discontinuing medical coverage for an insured who has been", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ebbd85f0f90a4b03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 29783, "end": 29793, "quote": "Section 22", "context": " discontinuing medical coverage for an insured who has been diagnosed as having a terminal illness. Section 22:228 was enacted to change the law in order to\nlimit the cancellation of a group or blanket health i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c0ed6f7f67a80b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 30532, "end": 30542, "quote": "section 22", "context": "22, Minutes of Meeting of House Commerce Committee, May 25, 1989, at 20. This indicates that before section 22:228 was passed, the law permitted an insurer to terminate coverage for a terminally ill patient. Se", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e943f43bb50757a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 30704, "end": 30718, "quote": "1989 WL 145956", "context": "erage for a terminally ill patient. See Singelmann v. Connecticut Nat’l Life Ins. Co., No. 88-5554, 1989 WL 145956 (E.D.La. Nov. 28, 1989).\nThus, the 1985 amendment to section 22:213(B)(7) provides that although an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1989 WL 145956", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e01c9af318696fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 30772, "end": 30782, "quote": "section 22", "context": "t’l Life Ins. Co., No. 88-5554, 1989 WL 145956 (E.D.La. Nov. 28, 1989).\nThus, the 1985 amendment to section 22:213(B)(7) provides that although an insurer may not escape liability for “benefits accrued” or “exp", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea4c20eb5fc31128", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 31011, "end": 31015, "quote": "§ 22", "context": "ellation, these terms can be “defined and limited by the terms of the policy.” See La.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 22:213(B)(7). If the insurer does not define the term “benefit,” it remains liable for all “services r", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff186cb0f0ce2572", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 31196, "end": 31211, "quote": "Waldrip at 1174", "context": "for all “services related to a condition of which it was aware before it cancelled the policy.” See Waldrip at 1174 (quoting Soniat v. Travelers Ins. Co., 538 So.2d 210, 215 (La.1989)). The district court made no fa", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": "573 So. 2d 1172", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1404344844dbc4fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 31251, "end": 31264, "quote": "538 So.2d 210", "context": "s aware before it cancelled the policy.” See Waldrip at 1174 (quoting Soniat v. Travelers Ins. Co., 538 So.2d 210, 215 (La.1989)). The district court made no factual findings at all regarding the language of the p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "538 So. 2d 210", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98a1523760b0cb8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 31634, "end": 31647, "quote": "536 So.2d 417", "context": "the meaning of those terms must be resolved in Mrs. Gahn’s favor. See Pareti v. Sentry Indent. Co., 536 So.2d 417, 420 (La.1988).\nUnlike the policy at issue in Waldrip, the group health policy covering Mrs. Gahn d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "536 So. 2d 417", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ab885a758442acf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 32132, "end": 32141, "quote": "id. at 22", "context": "s that an “ ‘Expense’ is deemed to be incurred on the date the service or supply is furnished.” See id. at 22. However, the policy provides that Allstate “will pay the Medical Benefit after a person’s insuranc", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b5dff39a2d58b6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 32362, "end": 32371, "quote": "id. at 15", "context": " conditions, one of which is if “the person is Totally Disabled on the day the insurance ends.” See id. at 15. By definition of the policy, Mrs. Gahn is “Totally Disabled” if she has suffered a “Sickness” that", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "59aae5147c2ce45b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 32690, "end": 32699, "quote": "id. at 25", "context": " the normal activities, duties, or responsibilities of healthy people of the same age and sex.” See id. at 25. The expense, “must be incurred within 12 months after the day insurance ends.” See id.\nIf Mrs. Gah", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c4aa4241190b1f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_926/1449_01/index.html", "start": 32784, "end": 32787, "quote": "id.", "context": "” See id. at 25. The expense, “must be incurred within 12 months after the day insurance ends.” See id.\nIf Mrs. Gahn was “totally disabled,” continued payment for her cancer treatment for twelve months w", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe24434e7750a266", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 621, "end": 633, "quote": "477 U.S. 242", "context": "nt is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c); Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 325-26, 106 S.Ct. 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ff29f9baa3b2a6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 635, "end": 649, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2505", "context": " to judgment as a matter of law. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c); Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 325-26, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2554, 91 L.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2505", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7adb7f4716d96760", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 651, "end": 665, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 202", "context": "a matter of law. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c); Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 325-26, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2554, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e538b4b48c90fd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 700, "end": 712, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": "Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 325-26, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2554, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); Scripps Clinic & Research Foundation v. Genen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c2e153297d36b191", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 722, "end": 736, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": "77 U.S. 242, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 325-26, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2554, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); Scripps Clinic & Research Foundation v. Genentech, Inc., 927 F.2d 156", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca29f4087d88ce35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 744, "end": 758, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": " 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 325-26, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2554, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); Scripps Clinic & Research Foundation v. Genentech, Inc., 927 F.2d 1565, 1571, 18 U.S.P.Q.2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bad73ba20eb1f396", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 824, "end": 837, "quote": "927 F.2d 1565", "context": "6 S.Ct. 2548, 2554, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); Scripps Clinic & Research Foundation v. Genentech, Inc., 927 F.2d 1565, 1571, 18 U.S.P.Q.2d 1001, 1005 (Fed.Cir.1991). The movant’s burden is to show that no fact materia", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "927 F.2d 1565", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_927/1565_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a8980556b04eb6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 845, "end": 863, "quote": "18 U.S.P.Q.2d 1001", "context": "1 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); Scripps Clinic & Research Foundation v. Genentech, Inc., 927 F.2d 1565, 1571, 18 U.S.P.Q.2d 1001, 1005 (Fed.Cir.1991). The movant’s burden is to show that no fact material to the issue is in dispu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.P.Q. 2d (BNA) 1001", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0292ffd2f1884d7a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 1104, "end": 1107, "quote": "Id.", "context": "erences are drawn in favor of the non-movant the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Id. Summary judgment is as available in patent cases as in other areas of litigation. Chore-Time Equipm", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "18 U.S.P.Q. 2d (BNA) 1001", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6d17ae10dee8dfe3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 1238, "end": 1250, "quote": "713 F.2d 774", "context": "le in patent cases as in other areas of litigation. Chore-Time Equipment, Inc. v. Cumberland Corp., 713 F.2d 774, 778-79, 218 U.S.P.Q. 673, 675. (Fed.Cir.1983)\nThe purpose of the summary process is to avoid a cle", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "713 F.2d 774", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_713/0774_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4768c8c36d96e688", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 1260, "end": 1276, "quote": "218 U.S.P.Q. 673", "context": "in other areas of litigation. Chore-Time Equipment, Inc. v. Cumberland Corp., 713 F.2d 774, 778-79, 218 U.S.P.Q. 673, 675. (Fed.Cir.1983)\nThe purpose of the summary process is to avoid a clearly unnecessary trial, Ma", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "218 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 673", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e011ae5224457477", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 1429, "end": 1441, "quote": "475 U.S. 574", "context": "ess is to avoid a clearly unnecessary trial, Matsushita Elec. Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 1356, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986); it is not designed to substitute lawyers’ advoca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "475 U.S. 574", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45311f30025ae849", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 1448, "end": 1462, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 1348", "context": "learly unnecessary trial, Matsushita Elec. Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 1356, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986); it is not designed to substitute lawyers’ advocacy for evidence, or a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 1348", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec65f88c0056a2f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 1470, "end": 1484, "quote": "89 L.Ed.2d 538", "context": "al, Matsushita Elec. Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 1356, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (1986); it is not designed to substitute lawyers’ advocacy for evidence, or affidavits for examinat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 L. Ed. 2d 538", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4895d57d4b86ad29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 1695, "end": 1707, "quote": "398 U.S. 144", "context": "the fact-finder, when there is a genuine issue for trial. As stated in Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 176, 90 S.Ct. 1598, 1618, 26 L.Ed.2d 142 (1970) (Black, J., concurring), “[t]he right to confront,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "398 U.S. 144", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "64745e5d54a08e8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 1714, "end": 1727, "quote": "90 S.Ct. 1598", "context": "en there is a genuine issue for trial. As stated in Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 176, 90 S.Ct. 1598, 1618, 26 L.Ed.2d 142 (1970) (Black, J., concurring), “[t]he right to confront, cross-examine and i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 S. Ct. 1598", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98885f6f15615e17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 1735, "end": 1749, "quote": "26 L.Ed.2d 142", "context": " issue for trial. As stated in Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144, 176, 90 S.Ct. 1598, 1618, 26 L.Ed.2d 142 (1970) (Black, J., concurring), “[t]he right to confront, cross-examine and impeach adverse witness", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 L. Ed. 2d 142", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae4476141c187a08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 1995, "end": 2007, "quote": "368 U.S. 464", "context": "t to be preserved by the Seventh Amendment”. See also Poller v. Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc., 368 U.S. 464, 473, 82 S.Ct. 486, 491, 7 L.Ed.2d 458 (1962).\nWhile facilitating the disposition of legally meritl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 U.S. 464", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e31a6c9535cca404", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 2014, "end": 2026, "quote": "82 S.Ct. 486", "context": "y the Seventh Amendment”. See also Poller v. Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc., 368 U.S. 464, 473, 82 S.Ct. 486, 491, 7 L.Ed.2d 458 (1962).\nWhile facilitating the disposition of legally meritless suits, when sum", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S. Ct. 486", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b7851cfdbdbb434", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 2033, "end": 2046, "quote": "7 L.Ed.2d 458", "context": "ment”. See also Poller v. Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc., 368 U.S. 464, 473, 82 S.Ct. 486, 491, 7 L.Ed.2d 458 (1962).\nWhile facilitating the disposition of legally meritless suits, when summary judgment is imp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 L. Ed. 2d 458", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0cd8cdff68ba3d98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 4400, "end": 4415, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 282", "context": "apered shape at the ends) configuration. Each claim carries an independent presumption of validity, 35 U.S.C. § 282, and stands or falls independent of the other claims. Altoona Publix Theatres, Inc. v. American Tri", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 282", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_29/section_282/title35_sec282_b3180b7a5df7/282_presumption_of_validity_defenses_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "f617a042dc4244c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 4529, "end": 4541, "quote": "294 U.S. 477", "context": "r falls independent of the other claims. Altoona Publix Theatres, Inc. v. American Tri-Ergon Corp., 294 U.S. 477, 487, 55 S.Ct. 455, 459, 79 L.Ed. 1005 (1935).\nContinental brought suit for patent infringement aga", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "294 U.S. 477", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2f84af3563317f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 4548, "end": 4560, "quote": "55 S.Ct. 455", "context": " of the other claims. Altoona Publix Theatres, Inc. v. American Tri-Ergon Corp., 294 U.S. 477, 487, 55 S.Ct. 455, 459, 79 L.Ed. 1005 (1935).\nContinental brought suit for patent infringement against Monsanto Compa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 S. Ct. 455", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f368023f9d0e3970", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 4567, "end": 4580, "quote": "79 L.Ed. 1005", "context": "s. Altoona Publix Theatres, Inc. v. American Tri-Ergon Corp., 294 U.S. 477, 487, 55 S.Ct. 455, 459, 79 L.Ed. 1005 (1935).\nContinental brought suit for patent infringement against Monsanto Company and Monsanto’s su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 L. Ed. 1005", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ebd901c21701fa8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 4880, "end": 4896, "quote": "35 U.S.C. §§ 102", "context": "ectively “Monsanto”). Monsanto moved for partial summary judgment based on issues of validity under 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 and 103.\nI\n35 U.S.C. § 102(a)\nThe statutory requirement that a patented invention be “new” is teste", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. §§ 102", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_102/title35_sec102_51b078e723c2/102_conditions_for_patentability_novelty_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a97f9a8ce06eae89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 4908, "end": 4923, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "context": "to moved for partial summary judgment based on issues of validity under 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 and 103.\nI\n35 U.S.C. § 102(a)\nThe statutory requirement that a patented invention be “new” is tested in accordance with 35 U.S", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01582bc55b74e03f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 4918, "end": 4926, "quote": "§ 102(a)", "context": "or partial summary judgment based on issues of validity under 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 and 103.\nI\n35 U.S.C. § 102(a)\nThe statutory requirement that a patented invention be “new” is tested in accordance with 35 U.S.C.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b4ee09a58f38ab1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 5017, "end": 5032, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "context": " § 102(a)\nThe statutory requirement that a patented invention be “new” is tested in accordance with 35 U.S.C. § 102(a), which provides that:\n§ 102. A person shall be entitled to a patent unless—\n(a) the invention wa", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76b4168c85b9b5c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 5027, "end": 5035, "quote": "§ 102(a)", "context": "The statutory requirement that a patented invention be “new” is tested in accordance with 35 U.S.C. § 102(a), which provides that:\n§ 102. A person shall be entitled to a patent unless—\n(a) the invention was k", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8290b52d2e2a0038", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 5058, "end": 5064, "quote": "§ 102.", "context": "a patented invention be “new” is tested in accordance with 35 U.S.C. § 102(a), which provides that:\n§ 102. A person shall be entitled to a patent unless—\n(a) the invention was known or used by others in thi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b8a240e485643b16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 5400, "end": 5425, "quote": "U.S. Patent No. 3,468,443", "context": " for patent....\nThe district court found that all the claims of the ’324 patent were anticipated by U.S. Patent No. 3,468,443 (the Marcus patent). We conclude that the district court erred in claim interpretation, and also fo", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "U.S. Patent No. 3,468,443", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e19b8864863bf29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 5642, "end": 5650, "quote": "§ 102(a)", "context": "s adversely to the nonmovant, thus inappropriately deciding the issue summarily.\nAnticipation under § 102(a) requires that the identical invention that is claimed was previously known to others and thus is no", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "356510b2d0e3881e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 5773, "end": 5789, "quote": "927 F.2d at 1576", "context": "tical invention that is claimed was previously known to others and thus is not new. Scripps Clinic, 927 F.2d at 1576, 18 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1010; Titanium Metals Corp. of Am. v. Banner, 778 F.2d 775, 780, 227 U.S.P.Q. 773", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "927 F.2d 1565", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_927/1565_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e4d5b2e4eb31fbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 5791, "end": 5812, "quote": "18 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1010", "context": "at is claimed was previously known to others and thus is not new. Scripps Clinic, 927 F.2d at 1576, 18 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1010; Titanium Metals Corp. of Am. v. Banner, 778 F.2d 775, 780, 227 U.S.P.Q. 773, 777-78 (Fed.Cir.1985)", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "18 U.S.P.Q. 2d (BNA) 1001", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ec06b183ffcc248", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 5854, "end": 5866, "quote": "778 F.2d 775", "context": "w. Scripps Clinic, 927 F.2d at 1576, 18 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1010; Titanium Metals Corp. of Am. v. Banner, 778 F.2d 775, 780, 227 U.S.P.Q. 773, 777-78 (Fed.Cir.1985); Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH v. American Hoist and", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "778 F.2d 775", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_778/0775_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8622e0f5e68aeb15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 5873, "end": 5889, "quote": "227 U.S.P.Q. 773", "context": "927 F.2d at 1576, 18 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1010; Titanium Metals Corp. of Am. v. Banner, 778 F.2d 775, 780, 227 U.S.P.Q. 773, 777-78 (Fed.Cir.1985); Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH v. American Hoist and Derrick Co., 730 F.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "227 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 773", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c3fabe8d81dc86e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 5980, "end": 5993, "quote": "730 F.2d 1452", "context": ".P.Q. 773, 777-78 (Fed.Cir.1985); Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH v. American Hoist and Derrick Co., 730 F.2d 1452, 1458, 221 U.S.P.Q. 481, 485 (Fed.Cir.1984). When more than one reference is required to establish ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "730 F.2d 1452", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_730/1452_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "914228586cc2aa51", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 6001, "end": 6017, "quote": "221 U.S.P.Q. 481", "context": "d.Cir.1985); Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH v. American Hoist and Derrick Co., 730 F.2d 1452, 1458, 221 U.S.P.Q. 481, 485 (Fed.Cir.1984). When more than one reference is required to establish unpatentability of the c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "221 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27f0a35bac3148ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 6153, "end": 6158, "quote": "§ 102", "context": " one reference is required to establish unpatentability of the claimed invention anticipation under § 102 can not be found, and validity is determined in terms of § 103.\nIt was Monsanto’s burden to show th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a2715298d5531756", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 6216, "end": 6222, "quote": "§ 103.", "context": "claimed invention anticipation under § 102 can not be found, and validity is determined in terms of § 103.\nIt was Monsanto’s burden to show that every element of the several claims of the ’324 patent was id", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65d0c97055e52684", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 8150, "end": 8171, "quote": "11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1764", "context": "erally follows the outside contour thereof”, a definition on which the parties agreed. Continental, 11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1764. See the court’s opinion, 11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1764-68, for various sketches made by the witnesses. Con", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55619886070a7407", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 8198, "end": 8222, "quote": "11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1764-68", "context": "efinition on which the parties agreed. Continental, 11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1764. See the court’s opinion, 11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1764-68, for various sketches made by the witnesses. Continental states that the district court erred in co", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "44311a32fecc7eaf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 8540, "end": 8553, "quote": "831 F.2d 1017", "context": "rms of the patent in which it appears. See, e.g., Tandon Corp. v. United States Int’l Trade Comm’n, 831 F.2d 1017, 1021, 4 U.S.P.Q.2d 1283, 1286 (Fed.Cir.1987). The ’324 patent explicitly distinguished the Marcus ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "831 F.2d 1017", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_831/1017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cd4d2c499e3c8933", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 8561, "end": 8578, "quote": "4 U.S.P.Q.2d 1283", "context": "which it appears. See, e.g., Tandon Corp. v. United States Int’l Trade Comm’n, 831 F.2d 1017, 1021, 4 U.S.P.Q.2d 1283, 1286 (Fed.Cir.1987). The ’324 patent explicitly distinguished the Marcus patent teachings, stating", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 U.S.P.Q. 2d (BNA) 1283", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f1ce479113700735", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 10159, "end": 10171, "quote": "666 F.2d 578", "context": "d in the reference, and that it would be so recognized by persons of ordinary skill. In re Oelrich, 666 F.2d 578, 581, 212 U.S.P.Q. 323, 326 (CCPA 1981) (quoting Hansgirg v. Kemmer, 102 F.2d 212, 214, 40 U.S.P.Q.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "666 F.2d 578", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_666/0578_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "318e453292b813ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 10178, "end": 10194, "quote": "212 U.S.P.Q. 323", "context": " and that it would be so recognized by persons of ordinary skill. In re Oelrich, 666 F.2d 578, 581, 212 U.S.P.Q. 323, 326 (CCPA 1981) (quoting Hansgirg v. Kemmer, 102 F.2d 212, 214, 40 U.S.P.Q. 665, 667 (CCPA 1939)) ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "212 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 323", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f8e8fca2d7043a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 10241, "end": 10253, "quote": "102 F.2d 212", "context": "l. In re Oelrich, 666 F.2d 578, 581, 212 U.S.P.Q. 323, 326 (CCPA 1981) (quoting Hansgirg v. Kemmer, 102 F.2d 212, 214, 40 U.S.P.Q. 665, 667 (CCPA 1939)) provides:\nInherency, however, may not be established by pro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 F.2d 212", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_102/0212_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2e37466bc5e719b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 10260, "end": 10275, "quote": "40 U.S.P.Q. 665", "context": "66 F.2d 578, 581, 212 U.S.P.Q. 323, 326 (CCPA 1981) (quoting Hansgirg v. Kemmer, 102 F.2d 212, 214, 40 U.S.P.Q. 665, 667 (CCPA 1939)) provides:\nInherency, however, may not be established by probabilities or possibil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 665", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d74954cfec9c712", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 11177, "end": 11183, "quote": "§ 103.", "context": "ot known to judges. It is not, however, a substitute for determination of patentability in terms of § 103.\nContinental does not dispute the applicability of the injection blow molding process. However, Cont", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "41079f8cdc738b5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 11600, "end": 11608, "quote": "§ 102(a)", "context": "o Continental was improper on summary judgment. The grant of summary judgment of anticipation under § 102(a) is vacated. The issue requires trial.\nII\n35 U.S.C. § 102(b)\nThe district court also held that the M", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a804b3918f57f8b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 11650, "end": 11665, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "context": "e grant of summary judgment of anticipation under § 102(a) is vacated. The issue requires trial.\nII\n35 U.S.C. § 102(b)\nThe district court also held that the Marcus bottle was on sale, 35 U.S.C. § 102(b). Section 102", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56806872b1086c61", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 11660, "end": 11668, "quote": "§ 102(b)", "context": " summary judgment of anticipation under § 102(a) is vacated. The issue requires trial.\nII\n35 U.S.C. § 102(b)\nThe district court also held that the Marcus bottle was on sale, 35 U.S.C. § 102(b). Section 102(b)", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fdb1662ec28efc4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 11734, "end": 11749, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "context": "uires trial.\nII\n35 U.S.C. § 102(b)\nThe district court also held that the Marcus bottle was on sale, 35 U.S.C. § 102(b). Section 102(b) bars entitlement to a patent when:\n(b) the invention was ... in public use or on", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 102", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1301fed6db8daf8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 11744, "end": 11752, "quote": "§ 102(b)", "context": "l.\nII\n35 U.S.C. § 102(b)\nThe district court also held that the Marcus bottle was on sale, 35 U.S.C. § 102(b). Section 102(b) bars entitlement to a patent when:\n(b) the invention was ... in public use or on sa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e65ae9062dd01a5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 11754, "end": 11768, "quote": "Section 102(b)", "context": ".S.C. § 102(b)\nThe district court also held that the Marcus bottle was on sale, 35 U.S.C. § 102(b). Section 102(b) bars entitlement to a patent when:\n(b) the invention was ... in public use or on sale in this count", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b0aab6053b030df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 12954, "end": 12975, "quote": "11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1766", "context": "entual marketing of the Marcus bottles once all technical difficulties were resolved”, Continental, 11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1766, and on this basis held that the Marcus bottles were on sale. This holding was in error, for the “o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bcb4304c4f98827e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 13090, "end": 13098, "quote": "§ 102(b)", "context": "asis held that the Marcus bottles were on sale. This holding was in error, for the “on sale” bar of § 102(b) does not arise simply because the intended customer was participating in development and testing. S", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "425ecdcfe3a0bf7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 13247, "end": 13259, "quote": "782 F.2d 159", "context": "mer was participating in development and testing. See Great Northern Corp. v. Davis Core & Pad Co., 782 F.2d 159, 164-65, 228 U.S.P.Q. 356, 358 (Fed.Cir.1986). In Baker Oil Tools, Inc. v. Geo Vann, Inc., 828 F.2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "782 F.2d 159", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_782/0159_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2054ea715d3bf47c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 13269, "end": 13285, "quote": "228 U.S.P.Q. 356", "context": "in development and testing. See Great Northern Corp. v. Davis Core & Pad Co., 782 F.2d 159, 164-65, 228 U.S.P.Q. 356, 358 (Fed.Cir.1986). In Baker Oil Tools, Inc. v. Geo Vann, Inc., 828 F.2d 1558, 1563-65, 4 U.S.P.Q.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "228 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 356", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f61599d496613ee7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 13351, "end": 13364, "quote": "828 F.2d 1558", "context": "F.2d 159, 164-65, 228 U.S.P.Q. 356, 358 (Fed.Cir.1986). In Baker Oil Tools, Inc. v. Geo Vann, Inc., 828 F.2d 1558, 1563-65, 4 U.S.P.Q.2d 1210, 1213-15 (Fed.Cir.1987), this court summarized various factors pertinen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "828 F.2d 1558", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_828/1558_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1becf80c905bda3c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 13375, "end": 13392, "quote": "4 U.S.P.Q.2d 1210", "context": "S.P.Q. 356, 358 (Fed.Cir.1986). In Baker Oil Tools, Inc. v. Geo Vann, Inc., 828 F.2d 1558, 1563-65, 4 U.S.P.Q.2d 1210, 1213-15 (Fed.Cir.1987), this court summarized various factors pertinent to the “on sale” bar when ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 U.S.P.Q. 2d (BNA) 1210", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cbe2295fcf6199f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 13976, "end": 13984, "quote": "§ 102(b)", "context": "ircumstances attending the relationship must be considered in light of the public policy underlying § 102(b). UMC Electronics Co. v. United States, 816 F.2d 647, 656, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d 1465, 1471-72 (Fed.Cir.1987)", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56c461a776cc8aa0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14024, "end": 14036, "quote": "816 F.2d 647", "context": "considered in light of the public policy underlying § 102(b). UMC Electronics Co. v. United States, 816 F.2d 647, 656, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d 1465, 1471-72 (Fed.Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1025, 108 S.Ct. 748, 98 L.E", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "816 F.2d 647", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_816/0647_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f3f8410a6f785357", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14043, "end": 14060, "quote": "2 U.S.P.Q.2d 1465", "context": " of the public policy underlying § 102(b). UMC Electronics Co. v. United States, 816 F.2d 647, 656, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d 1465, 1471-72 (Fed.Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1025, 108 S.Ct. 748, 98 L.Ed.2d 761 (1988).\nThe dis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 U.S.P.Q. 2d (BNA) 1465", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f77c61703df49db9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14100, "end": 14113, "quote": "484 U.S. 1025", "context": "s Co. v. United States, 816 F.2d 647, 656, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d 1465, 1471-72 (Fed.Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1025, 108 S.Ct. 748, 98 L.Ed.2d 761 (1988).\nThe district court acknowledged that all technical difficult", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "484 U.S. 1025", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb009240b1b5e543", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14115, "end": 14128, "quote": "108 S.Ct. 748", "context": " States, 816 F.2d 647, 656, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d 1465, 1471-72 (Fed.Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1025, 108 S.Ct. 748, 98 L.Ed.2d 761 (1988).\nThe district court acknowledged that all technical difficulties were not re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 S. Ct. 748", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66049a58adf8173e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14130, "end": 14144, "quote": "98 L.Ed.2d 761", "context": "2d 647, 656, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d 1465, 1471-72 (Fed.Cir.1987), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1025, 108 S.Ct. 748, 98 L.Ed.2d 761 (1988).\nThe district court acknowledged that all technical difficulties were not resolved and that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 L. Ed. 2d 761", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2ec75c30ab322dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14469, "end": 14477, "quote": "§ 102(b)", "context": "antities were discussed, this does not of itself place the subject matter “on sale” in the sense of § 102(b). The Marcus bottle was part of a terminated development project that never bore commercial fruit an", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6630a24b751cc39d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14717, "end": 14723, "quote": "supra,", "context": "the line is not always bright between development and being on sale, see generally UMC Electronics, supra, in this case the line was not crossed. The “on sale” bar is measured by “the time the public came i", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "382ca74b572dc103", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14857, "end": 14867, "quote": "id. at 655", "context": "ssed. The “on sale” bar is measured by “the time the public came into possession of the invention”, id. at 655, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1471 (quoting In re Foster, 343 F.2d 980, 987-88, 145 U.S.P.Q. 166, 173 (CCPA 1965", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48560977e5b76381", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14869, "end": 14885, "quote": "2 U.S.P.Q.2d at ", "context": "n sale” bar is measured by “the time the public came into possession of the invention”, id. at 655, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1471 (quoting In re Foster, 343 F.2d 980, 987-88, 145 U.S.P.Q. 166, 173 (CCPA 1965), cert. denied, 3", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "2 U.S.P.Q. 2d (BNA) 1465", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "724627edeb32ffae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14913, "end": 14925, "quote": "343 F.2d 980", "context": "lic came into possession of the invention”, id. at 655, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1471 (quoting In re Foster, 343 F.2d 980, 987-88, 145 U.S.P.Q. 166, 173 (CCPA 1965), cert. denied, 383 U.S. 966, 86 S.Ct. 1270, 16 L.Ed.2d 3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "343 F.2d 980", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_343/0980_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cdda21204b6734ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14935, "end": 14951, "quote": "145 U.S.P.Q. 166", "context": "on of the invention”, id. at 655, 2 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1471 (quoting In re Foster, 343 F.2d 980, 987-88, 145 U.S.P.Q. 166, 173 (CCPA 1965), cert. denied, 383 U.S. 966, 86 S.Ct. 1270, 16 L.Ed.2d 307 (1966) (“What starts th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "145 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 166", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11a35984fd025bda", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14984, "end": 14996, "quote": "383 U.S. 966", "context": " 1471 (quoting In re Foster, 343 F.2d 980, 987-88, 145 U.S.P.Q. 166, 173 (CCPA 1965), cert. denied, 383 U.S. 966, 86 S.Ct. 1270, 16 L.Ed.2d 307 (1966) (“What starts the period running is clearly the availability ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "383 U.S. 966", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d72d438247dde5d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 14998, "end": 15011, "quote": "86 S.Ct. 1270", "context": " In re Foster, 343 F.2d 980, 987-88, 145 U.S.P.Q. 166, 173 (CCPA 1965), cert. denied, 383 U.S. 966, 86 S.Ct. 1270, 16 L.Ed.2d 307 (1966) (“What starts the period running is clearly the availability of the inventio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 S. Ct. 1270", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e958edd90eda0bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 15013, "end": 15027, "quote": "16 L.Ed.2d 307", "context": "343 F.2d 980, 987-88, 145 U.S.P.Q. 166, 173 (CCPA 1965), cert. denied, 383 U.S. 966, 86 S.Ct. 1270, 16 L.Ed.2d 307 (1966) (“What starts the period running is clearly the availability of the invention to the public ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 L. Ed. 2d 307", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b956569b7ed3966", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 15355, "end": 15363, "quote": "§ 102(b)", "context": "in holding that the circumstances that here existed placed the Marcus bottles “on sale” in terms of § 102(b). We therefore reverse and direct that on remand judgment on this issue shall be entered in favor of", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb621c0128531bd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 15501, "end": 15516, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "context": " on remand judgment on this issue shall be entered in favor of Continental, as a matter of law.\nIll\n35 U.S.C. § 103\nObviousness, 35 U.S.C. § 103, is reviewed as a legal conclusion based upon underlying facts of four", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_103/title35_sec103_f53730005bd3/103_conditions_for_patentability_non_obvious_subject_matter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "110dfe863419d053", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 15530, "end": 15545, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "context": "ssue shall be entered in favor of Continental, as a matter of law.\nIll\n35 U.S.C. § 103\nObviousness, 35 U.S.C. § 103, is reviewed as a legal conclusion based upon underlying facts of four general categories, viz. the", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_103/title35_sec103_f53730005bd3/103_conditions_for_patentability_non_obvious_subject_matter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7e20c576e72ccca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 15891, "end": 15901, "quote": "383 U.S. 1", "context": "invention was made, and any objective considerations that may be present. Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 17, 86 S.Ct. 684, 693-94, 15 L.Ed.2d 545 (1966); Interconnect Planning Corp. v. Feil, 774 F.2d 113", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "383 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1331778a38c94865", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 15907, "end": 15919, "quote": "86 S.Ct. 684", "context": "de, and any objective considerations that may be present. Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 17, 86 S.Ct. 684, 693-94, 15 L.Ed.2d 545 (1966); Interconnect Planning Corp. v. Feil, 774 F.2d 1132, 1137-38, 227 U.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 S. Ct. 684", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7747c0954f935ae0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 15929, "end": 15943, "quote": "15 L.Ed.2d 545", "context": "considerations that may be present. Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 17, 86 S.Ct. 684, 693-94, 15 L.Ed.2d 545 (1966); Interconnect Planning Corp. v. Feil, 774 F.2d 1132, 1137-38, 227 U.S.P.Q. 543, 547 (Fed.Cir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 L. Ed. 2d 545", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "151c6160570dc6f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 15989, "end": 16002, "quote": "774 F.2d 1132", "context": ", 383 U.S. 1, 17, 86 S.Ct. 684, 693-94, 15 L.Ed.2d 545 (1966); Interconnect Planning Corp. v. Feil, 774 F.2d 1132, 1137-38, 227 U.S.P.Q. 543, 547 (Fed.Cir.1985).\nThe parties agreed that the scope and content of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "774 F.2d 1132", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_774/1132_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "31f98293f6fc78e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 16013, "end": 16029, "quote": "227 U.S.P.Q. 543", "context": "t. 684, 693-94, 15 L.Ed.2d 545 (1966); Interconnect Planning Corp. v. Feil, 774 F.2d 1132, 1137-38, 227 U.S.P.Q. 543, 547 (Fed.Cir.1985).\nThe parties agreed that the scope and content of the prior art was adequately ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "227 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 543", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2548ff1090cb4230", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 16226, "end": 16251, "quote": "U.S. Patent No. 3,403,804", "context": "ly represented by four references: the Marcus patent discussed in Part I ante, a patent to Colombo (U.S. Patent No. 3,403,804), and two patents owned by Continental, U.S. Patent No. 3,598,270 (the Petaloid patent), and No. 3,", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "U.S. Patent No. 3,403,804", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "621b00e9a7c1f67c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 16292, "end": 16317, "quote": "U.S. Patent No. 3,598,270", "context": "Part I ante, a patent to Colombo (U.S. Patent No. 3,403,804), and two patents owned by Continental, U.S. Patent No. 3,598,270 (the Petaloid patent), and No. 3,935,955 (the Decaloid patent). They agreed on little else. In gran", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "U.S. Patent No. 3,598,270", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bdcce0b8df64054b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 17197, "end": 17209, "quote": "733 F.2d 900", "context": "or should be inverted, or that inversion would provide an improved base structure. In In re Gordon, 733 F.2d 900, 902, 221 U.S.P.Q. 1125, 1127 (Fed.Cir.1984) this court held that although a prior art device could", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "733 F.2d 900", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_733/0900_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ee5166e39a2c2aa0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 17216, "end": 17233, "quote": "221 U.S.P.Q. 1125", "context": "ed, or that inversion would provide an improved base structure. In In re Gordon, 733 F.2d 900, 902, 221 U.S.P.Q. 1125, 1127 (Fed.Cir.1984) this court held that although a prior art device could have been turned upside", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "221 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 1125", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6cb8649da097d44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 18550, "end": 18563, "quote": "837 F.2d 1044", "context": "n, in a way that would produce the ’324 structure. See, e.g., Uniroyal, Inc. v. Rudkin-Wiley Corp., 837 F.2d 1044, 1051, 5 U.S.P.Q.2d 1434, 1438 (Fed. Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 825, 109 S.Ct. 75, 102 L.Ed.2d 5", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "837 F.2d 1044", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_837/1044_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6de24ff2086af51e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 18571, "end": 18588, "quote": "5 U.S.P.Q.2d 1434", "context": "d produce the ’324 structure. See, e.g., Uniroyal, Inc. v. Rudkin-Wiley Corp., 837 F.2d 1044, 1051, 5 U.S.P.Q.2d 1434, 1438 (Fed. Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 825, 109 S.Ct. 75, 102 L.Ed.2d 51 (1988). Continental arg", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 U.S.P.Q. 2d (BNA) 1434", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a39a609d22ad69e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 18622, "end": 18634, "quote": "488 U.S. 825", "context": "Inc. v. Rudkin-Wiley Corp., 837 F.2d 1044, 1051, 5 U.S.P.Q.2d 1434, 1438 (Fed. Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 825, 109 S.Ct. 75, 102 L.Ed.2d 51 (1988). Continental argues that it is not apparent, even with hindsig", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 U.S. 825", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a09c9d7972c0de3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 18636, "end": 18648, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 75", "context": "-Wiley Corp., 837 F.2d 1044, 1051, 5 U.S.P.Q.2d 1434, 1438 (Fed. Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 825, 109 S.Ct. 75, 102 L.Ed.2d 51 (1988). Continental argues that it is not apparent, even with hindsight, how any co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 75", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d290ecf9024c888f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 18650, "end": 18664, "quote": "102 L.Ed.2d 51", "context": "837 F.2d 1044, 1051, 5 U.S.P.Q.2d 1434, 1438 (Fed. Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 825, 109 S.Ct. 75, 102 L.Ed.2d 51 (1988). Continental argues that it is not apparent, even with hindsight, how any combination of the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 L. Ed. 2d 51", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db5b995bd097af45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 19437, "end": 19453, "quote": "774 F.2d at 1143", "context": "select and combine features from each source in order to make the '324 base. Interconnect Planning, 774 F.2d at 1143, 227 U.S.P.Q. at 551 (“When prior art references require selective combination by the court to rend", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "774 F.2d 1132", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_774/1132_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6a940616c0b13010", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 19455, "end": 19474, "quote": "227 U.S.P.Q. at 551", "context": " features from each source in order to make the '324 base. Interconnect Planning, 774 F.2d at 1143, 227 U.S.P.Q. at 551 (“When prior art references require selective combination by the court to render obvious a subseque", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "227 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 543", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84d3acb86ed3f9db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 21390, "end": 21411, "quote": "11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1769", "context": "he facts of this case reveal no substantial difference between ’324 and the prior art.\nContinental, 11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1769 (citation omitted). However, as we have discussed, the criterion of § 103 is not whether the differ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e85320cb393eae44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 21480, "end": 21485, "quote": "§ 103", "context": "tinental, 11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1769 (citation omitted). However, as we have discussed, the criterion of § 103 is not whether the differences from the prior art are “simple enhancements”, but whether it would h", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a3be93947ed8fdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 22450, "end": 22463, "quote": "745 F.2d 1468", "context": "d aid in understanding the state of the art at the time the invention was made. See In re Piasecki, 745 F.2d 1468, 1475, 223 U.S.P.Q. 785, 790 (Fed.Cir.1984) (secondary considerations “often establish that an inve", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "745 F.2d 1468", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_745/1468_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1f05acbad58c0e56", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 22471, "end": 22487, "quote": "223 U.S.P.Q. 785", "context": "g the state of the art at the time the invention was made. See In re Piasecki, 745 F.2d 1468, 1475, 223 U.S.P.Q. 785, 790 (Fed.Cir.1984) (secondary considerations “often establish that an invention appearing to have ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "223 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 785", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df50b9271bb61da0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 22680, "end": 22693, "quote": "713 F.2d 1530", "context": "o have been obvious in light of the prior art was not” (quoting Stratoflex, Inc. v. Aeroquip Corp., 713 F.2d 1530, 1538-39, 218 U.S.P.Q. 871, 879 (Fed.Cir.1983))).\nContinental licensed the ’324 counterpart Japanes", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "713 F.2d 1530", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_713/1530_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "431620d7cf02166a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 22704, "end": 22720, "quote": "218 U.S.P.Q. 871", "context": "ight of the prior art was not” (quoting Stratoflex, Inc. v. Aeroquip Corp., 713 F.2d 1530, 1538-39, 218 U.S.P.Q. 871, 879 (Fed.Cir.1983))).\nContinental licensed the ’324 counterpart Japanese patent to a Japanese comp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "218 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 871", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f7f3c52519b0d6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 23498, "end": 23519, "quote": "11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1770", "context": "e, but stated that “we are not convinced that the cono-base alone accounts for any of the success.” 11 U.S.P.Q.2d at 1770 (emphasis in original). The court suggested that the commercial success in Japan was due to the mar", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22b74158c95d8292", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 24034, "end": 24047, "quote": "851 F.2d 1387", "context": "along with other pertinent factors. See generally Demaco Corp. v. F. Von Langsdorff Licensing Ltd., 851 F.2d 1387, 1392-94, 7 U.S.P.Q.2d 1222, 1226-28 (Fed.Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 956, 109 S.Ct. 395, 102 L.E", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "851 F.2d 1387", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_851/1387_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1846cd68bdc1d280", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 24058, "end": 24075, "quote": "7 U.S.P.Q.2d 1222", "context": "nt factors. See generally Demaco Corp. v. F. Von Langsdorff Licensing Ltd., 851 F.2d 1387, 1392-94, 7 U.S.P.Q.2d 1222, 1226-28 (Fed.Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 956, 109 S.Ct. 395, 102 L.Ed.2d 383 (1988); Rosemount, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 U.S.P.Q. 2d (BNA) 1222", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db3e3c1e37c7825d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 24111, "end": 24123, "quote": "488 U.S. 956", "context": "sdorff Licensing Ltd., 851 F.2d 1387, 1392-94, 7 U.S.P.Q.2d 1222, 1226-28 (Fed.Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 956, 109 S.Ct. 395, 102 L.Ed.2d 383 (1988); Rosemount, Inc. v. Beckman Instruments, Inc., 727 F.2d 1540", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 U.S. 956", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76c1985f9b14385e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 24125, "end": 24138, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 395", "context": "ng Ltd., 851 F.2d 1387, 1392-94, 7 U.S.P.Q.2d 1222, 1226-28 (Fed.Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 956, 109 S.Ct. 395, 102 L.Ed.2d 383 (1988); Rosemount, Inc. v. Beckman Instruments, Inc., 727 F.2d 1540, 1546, 221 U.S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 395", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b031f5d15eb2ecff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 24140, "end": 24155, "quote": "102 L.Ed.2d 383", "context": "2d 1387, 1392-94, 7 U.S.P.Q.2d 1222, 1226-28 (Fed.Cir.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 956, 109 S.Ct. 395, 102 L.Ed.2d 383 (1988); Rosemount, Inc. v. Beckman Instruments, Inc., 727 F.2d 1540, 1546, 221 U.S.P.Q. 1, 7 (Fed.C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 L. Ed. 2d 383", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89e55bbc4a226c5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 24210, "end": 24223, "quote": "727 F.2d 1540", "context": " 488 U.S. 956, 109 S.Ct. 395, 102 L.Ed.2d 383 (1988); Rosemount, Inc. v. Beckman Instruments, Inc., 727 F.2d 1540, 1546, 221 U.S.P.Q. 1, 7 (Fed.Cir.1984). Monsanto also states that the Conobase is different from t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "727 F.2d 1540", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_727/1540_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68fd9a82e47ca980", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 24231, "end": 24245, "quote": "221 U.S.P.Q. 1", "context": "Ct. 395, 102 L.Ed.2d 383 (1988); Rosemount, Inc. v. Beckman Instruments, Inc., 727 F.2d 1540, 1546, 221 U.S.P.Q. 1, 7 (Fed.Cir.1984). Monsanto also states that the Conobase is different from the ’324 invention, so ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "221 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80622bb2a31978b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 24705, "end": 24720, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "context": "f obviousness was not properly decided on motion for summary judgment. We vacate the grant based on 35 U.S.C. § 103, and remand for trial of this issue and the other issues remaining in the case.\nCosts\nCosts in favo", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_10/section_103/title35_sec103_f53730005bd3/103_conditions_for_patentability_non_obvious_subject_matter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "31c015faeb2c91f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 24930, "end": 24944, "quote": "11 USPQ2d 1761", "context": "nental.\nREVERSED IN PART, VACATED IN PART, and REMANDED.\n. Continental Can Co. USA v. Monsanto Co., 11 USPQ2d 1761, 1989 WL 136614 (S.D.Ohio 1989), reconsid. denied, No. C-1-86-1213 (S.D.Ohio Nov. 9, 1989).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 U.S.P.Q. 2d (BNA) 1761", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2c783d72bb49dc05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_948/1264_01/index.html", "start": 24946, "end": 24960, "quote": "1989 WL 136614", "context": " IN PART, VACATED IN PART, and REMANDED.\n. Continental Can Co. USA v. Monsanto Co., 11 USPQ2d 1761, 1989 WL 136614 (S.D.Ohio 1989), reconsid. denied, No. C-1-86-1213 (S.D.Ohio Nov. 9, 1989).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1989 WL 136614", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54cfde326311ac05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 645, "end": 661, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 6672", "context": "ptcy filing, assessed a 100% tax penalty, totaling $65,819.25, against Russell Schwartz pursuant to 26 U.S.C. § 6672 (1988). The Schwartzes did not challenge the tax assessment within the Chapter 11 bankruptcy and st", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 6672", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cfa535489b6f0b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 1724, "end": 1736, "quote": "119 B.R. 207", "context": "ejected the Schwartzes’ argument and reversed the judgment of the bankruptcy court. In re Schwartz, 119 B.R. 207 (1990). The BAP held that acts in violation of the automatic stay are voidable, not void. Because t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 B.R. 207", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dafbe166d6b982f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 2632, "end": 2644, "quote": "884 F.2d 478", "context": "e issue in this appeal is one of law; we review the BAP’s conclusions of law de novo. In re Taylor, 884 F.2d 478, 480 (9th Cir.1989); In re 268 Ltd., 877 F.2d 804, 805 (9th Cir.1989).\nIt is undisputed that the IR", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "884 F.2d 478", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_884/0478_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d960fc8b599524f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 2682, "end": 2694, "quote": "877 F.2d 804", "context": "e BAP’s conclusions of law de novo. In re Taylor, 884 F.2d 478, 480 (9th Cir.1989); In re 268 Ltd., 877 F.2d 804, 805 (9th Cir.1989).\nIt is undisputed that the IRS tax assessment violated the Bankruptcy Code’s au", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "877 F.2d 804", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_877/0804_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "569d8eb25fe375ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 2818, "end": 2833, "quote": "11 U.S.C. § 362", "context": " is undisputed that the IRS tax assessment violated the Bankruptcy Code’s automatic stay provision. 11 U.S.C. § 362(a)(4)-(6) (1988). The Ninth Circuit has stated generally that violations of the automatic stay are ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 362", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_3/section_362/title11_sec362_8ae66429ec1e/362_automatic_stay_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4a2d00cf0d6ac31e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 2828, "end": 2839, "quote": "§ 362(a)(4)", "context": "uted that the IRS tax assessment violated the Bankruptcy Code’s automatic stay provision. 11 U.S.C. § 362(a)(4)-(6) (1988). The Ninth Circuit has stated generally that violations of the automatic stay are “void”", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_3/section_362/title11_sec362_8ae66429ec1e/362_automatic_stay_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7fd8ab182cc12705", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 2968, "end": 2980, "quote": "890 F.2d 123", "context": "t has stated generally that violations of the automatic stay are “void”. See, e.g., In re Shamblin, 890 F.2d 123, 125 (9th Cir.1989) (“Judicial proceedings in violation of [the] automatic stay are void.”); In re ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "890 F.2d 123", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_890/0123_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a08a80e5d140dac7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 3090, "end": 3102, "quote": "847 F.2d 549", "context": " Cir.1989) (“Judicial proceedings in violation of [the] automatic stay are void.”); In re Stringer, 847 F.2d 549, 551 (9th Cir.1988) (“Any proceedings in violation of the automatic stay in bankruptcy are void.”).", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "847 F.2d 549", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_847/0549_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "82b335437c6fa7ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 3487, "end": 3505, "quote": "890 F.2d at 124-26", "context": " Ninth Circuit has not directly addressed the precise issue presented in this appeal. See Shamblin, 890 F.2d at 124-26 (debtor affirmatively challenged and litigated potential automatic stay violation); Stringer, 847 F", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "890 F.2d 123", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_890/0123_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7d9f94e34450a416", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 3600, "end": 3615, "quote": "847 F.2d at 550", "context": "24-26 (debtor affirmatively challenged and litigated potential automatic stay violation); Stringer, 847 F.2d at 550 (same).\nOur decision today clarifies this area of the law by making clear that violations of the au", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "847 F.2d 549", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_847/0549_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c1fc0a66b0c32618", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 3772, "end": 3784, "quote": "124 B.R. 311", "context": "w by making clear that violations of the automatic stay are void, not voidable. See In re Williams, 124 B.R. 311, 316-18 (Bankr.C.D.Cal.1991) (recognizing that the Ninth Circuit adheres to the rule that violation", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 B.R. 311", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "17758c7dfa93fa91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 5855, "end": 5867, "quote": "109 B.R. 335", "context": " hardships on debtors trying to regain their financial footing.\nThe district court in In re Garcia, 109 B.R. 335 (N.D.Ill.1989), explained that if violations of the automatic stay were merely voidable, creditors ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 B.R. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d29e1812ac22bced", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 6626, "end": 6636, "quote": "Id. at 340", "context": " may be an acceptable risk to some creditors when measured against a delayed pro-rata distribution.\nId. at 340 (footnote omitted). Like the court in Garcia, we will not reward those who violate the automatic st", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "109 B.R. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13cfa53fb31bcfca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 6996, "end": 7014, "quote": "124 B.R. at 317-18", "context": "collection actions have the burden of obtaining relief from the automatic stay. See In re Williams, 124 B.R. at 317-18.\nOur conclusion is supported by the great weight of authority. The majority of courts have long sta", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "124 B.R. 311", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e40b674cfa86800", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7214, "end": 7226, "quote": "308 U.S. 433", "context": "ted that violations of the automatic stay are void and of no effect. See, e.g., Kalb v. Feuerstein, 308 U.S. 433, 438, 60 S.Ct. 343, 345-46, 84 L.Ed. 370 (1940); Ellis v. Consolidated Diesel Elec. Corp., 894 F.2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "308 U.S. 433", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82863e1ab7e2f329", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7233, "end": 7245, "quote": "60 S.Ct. 343", "context": " of the automatic stay are void and of no effect. See, e.g., Kalb v. Feuerstein, 308 U.S. 433, 438, 60 S.Ct. 343, 345-46, 84 L.Ed. 370 (1940); Ellis v. Consolidated Diesel Elec. Corp., 894 F.2d 371, 372-73 (10th ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 S. Ct. 343", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2730e2b83bf65aeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7255, "end": 7267, "quote": "84 L.Ed. 370", "context": " are void and of no effect. See, e.g., Kalb v. Feuerstein, 308 U.S. 433, 438, 60 S.Ct. 343, 345-46, 84 L.Ed. 370 (1940); Ellis v. Consolidated Diesel Elec. Corp., 894 F.2d 371, 372-73 (10th Cir.1990); In re 48th ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 L. Ed. 370", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e4614eaf76f66b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7318, "end": 7330, "quote": "894 F.2d 371", "context": "U.S. 433, 438, 60 S.Ct. 343, 345-46, 84 L.Ed. 370 (1940); Ellis v. Consolidated Diesel Elec. Corp., 894 F.2d 371, 372-73 (10th Cir.1990); In re 48th St. Steakhouse, 835 F.2d 427, 431 (2d Cir.1987), cert. denied, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "894 F.2d 371", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_894/0371_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fafe6e727b547218", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7383, "end": 7395, "quote": "835 F.2d 427", "context": ". Consolidated Diesel Elec. Corp., 894 F.2d 371, 372-73 (10th Cir.1990); In re 48th St. Steakhouse, 835 F.2d 427, 431 (2d Cir.1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 1035, 108 S.Ct. 1596, 99 L.Ed.2d 910 (1988); Borg-Warner", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "835 F.2d 427", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_835/0427_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a6ab63ec02b4b45d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7430, "end": 7443, "quote": "485 U.S. 1035", "context": ", 372-73 (10th Cir.1990); In re 48th St. Steakhouse, 835 F.2d 427, 431 (2d Cir.1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 1035, 108 S.Ct. 1596, 99 L.Ed.2d 910 (1988); Borg-Warner Acceptance Corp. v. Hall, 685 F.2d 1306, 1308 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "485 U.S. 1035", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8f4a5a6d64bf376a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7445, "end": 7459, "quote": "108 S.Ct. 1596", "context": "Cir.1990); In re 48th St. Steakhouse, 835 F.2d 427, 431 (2d Cir.1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 1035, 108 S.Ct. 1596, 99 L.Ed.2d 910 (1988); Borg-Warner Acceptance Corp. v. Hall, 685 F.2d 1306, 1308 (11th Cir.1982). ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 S. Ct. 1596", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f369f4f85ec7b28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7461, "end": 7475, "quote": "99 L.Ed.2d 910", "context": " 48th St. Steakhouse, 835 F.2d 427, 431 (2d Cir.1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 1035, 108 S.Ct. 1596, 99 L.Ed.2d 910 (1988); Borg-Warner Acceptance Corp. v. Hall, 685 F.2d 1306, 1308 (11th Cir.1982). Indeed, many cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 L. Ed. 2d 910", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9bcfbc4967c3991e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7522, "end": 7535, "quote": "685 F.2d 1306", "context": "denied, 485 U.S. 1035, 108 S.Ct. 1596, 99 L.Ed.2d 910 (1988); Borg-Warner Acceptance Corp. v. Hall, 685 F.2d 1306, 1308 (11th Cir.1982). Indeed, many courts have specifically held that violations of the automatic ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "685 F.2d 1306", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_685/1306_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "88dd3649b3e7dc37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7694, "end": 7705, "quote": "24 B.R. 612", "context": "ly held that violations of the automatic stay are void and not merely voidable. In re Advent Corp., 24 B.R. 612, 614 (Bankr. 1st Cir.1982); Richard v. Chicago, 80 B.R. 451, 453 (N.D.Ill.1987); In re Coleman Am. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 B.R. 612", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0528621c6b5c7f67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7754, "end": 7765, "quote": "80 B.R. 451", "context": "ot merely voidable. In re Advent Corp., 24 B.R. 612, 614 (Bankr. 1st Cir.1982); Richard v. Chicago, 80 B.R. 451, 453 (N.D.Ill.1987); In re Coleman Am. Cos., 26 B.R. 825, 831 (D.Kan. 1983); In re Pettibone Corp.,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 B.R. 451", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ffc2f9d1d4556eff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7811, "end": 7822, "quote": "26 B.R. 825", "context": "(Bankr. 1st Cir.1982); Richard v. Chicago, 80 B.R. 451, 453 (N.D.Ill.1987); In re Coleman Am. Cos., 26 B.R. 825, 831 (D.Kan. 1983); In re Pettibone Corp., 110 B.R. 848, 853 (Bankr.N.D.Ill.1990), aff'd sub nom. P", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 B.R. 825", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7de02e175648b681", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7866, "end": 7878, "quote": "110 B.R. 848", "context": " 453 (N.D.Ill.1987); In re Coleman Am. Cos., 26 B.R. 825, 831 (D.Kan. 1983); In re Pettibone Corp., 110 B.R. 848, 853 (Bankr.N.D.Ill.1990), aff'd sub nom. Pettibone Corp. v. Baker, 119 B.R. 603 (N.D.Ill.), vacate", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 B.R. 848", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f23bad8fca38b50a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 7947, "end": 7959, "quote": "119 B.R. 603", "context": "e Pettibone Corp., 110 B.R. 848, 853 (Bankr.N.D.Ill.1990), aff'd sub nom. Pettibone Corp. v. Baker, 119 B.R. 603 (N.D.Ill.), vacated on other grounds sub nom. Pettibone Corp. v. Easley, 935 F.2d 120 (7th Cir.1991", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 B.R. 603", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5662b1387733fbfb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8033, "end": 8045, "quote": "935 F.2d 120", "context": "rp. v. Baker, 119 B.R. 603 (N.D.Ill.), vacated on other grounds sub nom. Pettibone Corp. v. Easley, 935 F.2d 120 (7th Cir.1991); In re Miller, 10 B.R. 778, 780 (Bankr.D.Md.1981), aff'd, 22 B.R. 479 (D.Md.1982).\nT", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "935 F.2d 120", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_935/0120_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "56c5b81dc38aa3d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8076, "end": 8087, "quote": "10 B.R. 778", "context": "ted on other grounds sub nom. Pettibone Corp. v. Easley, 935 F.2d 120 (7th Cir.1991); In re Miller, 10 B.R. 778, 780 (Bankr.D.Md.1981), aff'd, 22 B.R. 479 (D.Md.1982).\nThe courts which have found the automatic s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "10 B.R. 778", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d01bc4416f8f2fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8119, "end": 8130, "quote": "22 B.R. 479", "context": "p. v. Easley, 935 F.2d 120 (7th Cir.1991); In re Miller, 10 B.R. 778, 780 (Bankr.D.Md.1981), aff'd, 22 B.R. 479 (D.Md.1982).\nThe courts which have found the automatic stay voidable rather than void have relied p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 B.R. 479", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c0e5f82fa7efbe8d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8242, "end": 8257, "quote": "sections 362(d)", "context": ".\nThe courts which have found the automatic stay voidable rather than void have relied primarily on sections 362(d) and 549 of the Bankruptcy Code to support their conclusion. See, e.g., Sikes v. Global Marine, Inc.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0bf8b2b9d0c822e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8359, "end": 8371, "quote": "881 F.2d 176", "context": "nd 549 of the Bankruptcy Code to support their conclusion. See, e.g., Sikes v. Global Marine, Inc., 881 F.2d 176, 178-79 (5th Cir.1989) (concluding that violations of the automatic stay are voidable); In re Olive", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "881 F.2d 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_881/0176_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7a4b4000431ecdfc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8474, "end": 8485, "quote": "38 B.R. 245", "context": "78-79 (5th Cir.1989) (concluding that violations of the automatic stay are voidable); In re Oliver, 38 B.R. 245, 248 (Bankr.D.Minn.1984). These courts have reasoned that (1) the court’s power under section 362(d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 B.R. 245", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "48a2d53ae4e4dd6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8572, "end": 8586, "quote": "section 362(d)", "context": ", 38 B.R. 245, 248 (Bankr.D.Minn.1984). These courts have reasoned that (1) the court’s power under section 362(d) to annul an automatic stay and (2) the trustee’s duty under section 549 to bring an action to void ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "785d706afcf13fe0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8647, "end": 8658, "quote": "section 549", "context": " the court’s power under section 362(d) to annul an automatic stay and (2) the trustee’s duty under section 549 to bring an action to void an unauthorized transfer are inconsistent with violations of the stay be", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc04ee5978ec378d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8881, "end": 8895, "quote": "Section 362(d)", "context": "strate that violations of the automatic stay are merely voidable. We find this reasoning erroneous.\nSection 362(d)\nSection 362(d), a subsection of the automatic stay provision, gives the bankruptcy court the power ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b388430e3478a036", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8896, "end": 8910, "quote": "Section 362(d)", "context": "lations of the automatic stay are merely voidable. We find this reasoning erroneous.\nSection 362(d)\nSection 362(d), a subsection of the automatic stay provision, gives the bankruptcy court the power to grant credit", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0093cb3648bd2f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 9289, "end": 9304, "quote": "11 U.S.C. § 362", "context": "on (a) of this section, such as by terminating, annulling, modifying, or conditioning such stay ...\n11 U.S.C. § 362(d) (1988). Thus, section 362 gives the bankruptcy court wide latitude in crafting relief from the a", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 362", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_3/section_362/title11_sec362_8ae66429ec1e/362_automatic_stay_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "94daa0f708999df6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 9299, "end": 9307, "quote": "§ 362(d)", "context": "this section, such as by terminating, annulling, modifying, or conditioning such stay ...\n11 U.S.C. § 362(d) (1988). Thus, section 362 gives the bankruptcy court wide latitude in crafting relief from the auto", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_3/section_362/title11_sec362_8ae66429ec1e/362_automatic_stay_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "dfe626d3a63c9a0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 9322, "end": 9333, "quote": "section 362", "context": "y terminating, annulling, modifying, or conditioning such stay ...\n11 U.S.C. § 362(d) (1988). Thus, section 362 gives the bankruptcy court wide latitude in crafting relief from the automatic stay, including the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ef9f48a814649f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 9507, "end": 9515, "quote": "§ 362.07", "context": "matic stay, including the power to grant retroactive relief from the stay. 2 Collier on Bankruptcy, § 362.07 (15th ed. 1984). Some courts have reasoned that the power to grant retroactive stay relief means th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8f56a8387b795cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 9640, "end": 9654, "quote": "section 362(a)", "context": "urts have reasoned that the power to grant retroactive stay relief means that actions which violate section 362(a) cannot be absolutely void, for if they were, section 362(d) would be meaningless. See, e.g., Sikes,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cfdc7f3fc969c688", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 9700, "end": 9714, "quote": "section 362(d)", "context": "relief means that actions which violate section 362(a) cannot be absolutely void, for if they were, section 362(d) would be meaningless. See, e.g., Sikes, 881 F.2d at 178-79; Oliver, 38 B.R. at 248.\nHowever, sectio", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39453726c5a130d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 9755, "end": 9773, "quote": "881 F.2d at 178-79", "context": "cannot be absolutely void, for if they were, section 362(d) would be meaningless. See, e.g., Sikes, 881 F.2d at 178-79; Oliver, 38 B.R. at 248.\nHowever, section 362(d) is not inconsistent with the conclusion that any a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "881 F.2d 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_881/0176_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "062830e58f5c75da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 9783, "end": 9797, "quote": "38 B.R. at 248", "context": "or if they were, section 362(d) would be meaningless. See, e.g., Sikes, 881 F.2d at 178-79; Oliver, 38 B.R. at 248.\nHowever, section 362(d) is not inconsistent with the conclusion that any action in violation of th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "38 B.R. 245", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc3f80330695dfe7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 9808, "end": 9822, "quote": "section 362(d)", "context": "362(d) would be meaningless. See, e.g., Sikes, 881 F.2d at 178-79; Oliver, 38 B.R. at 248.\nHowever, section 362(d) is not inconsistent with the conclusion that any action in violation of the automatic stay is void ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a63952a123724d6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 9940, "end": 9954, "quote": "Section 362(d)", "context": "nt with the conclusion that any action in violation of the automatic stay is void and of no effect. Section 362(d) outlines the bankruptcy court’s authority to make exceptions to the general operation of the stay. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18f3f664757673c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 10101, "end": 10115, "quote": "section 362(d)", "context": "ake exceptions to the general operation of the stay. If a creditor obtains retroactive relief under section 362(d), there is no violation of the automatic stay, and whether violations of the stay are void or voidab", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d1ce2d19fba8935", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 10315, "end": 10329, "quote": "section 362(d)", "context": "le is not at issue.\nThe Sikes and Oliver courts read far too much into the meaning and operation of section 362(d). The power to grant relief, even retroactively, simply does not mean that violations of the stay mu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3608cf33149d3272", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 10516, "end": 10531, "quote": "109 B.R. at 339", "context": "f the stay must be merely voidable rather than void. As was explained by the court in In re Garcia, 109 B.R. at 339, “that Congress saw fit to include specific exceptions to the automatic stay does not require the c", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "109 B.R. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "088c41512847b03c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 10961, "end": 10969, "quote": "§ 362(d)", "context": "g authorities on bankruptcy generally support this conclusion: “The use of the word ‘annulling’ [in § 362(d) ] permits the [court’s] order to operate retroactively, thus validating actions taken by a party at", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ceeb2934ff73b01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 11173, "end": 11181, "quote": "§ 362.07", "context": "ime when he was unaware of the stay. Such actions would otherwise be void.” 2 Collier on Bankruptcy § 362.07 (emphasis added). With that understanding, section 362(d) gives the court the power to ratify retro", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca57b9698bacd240", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 11225, "end": 11239, "quote": "section 362(d)", "context": "uld otherwise be void.” 2 Collier on Bankruptcy § 362.07 (emphasis added). With that understanding, section 362(d) gives the court the power to ratify retroactively any violation of the automatic stay which would o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69ba83d67a01c96a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 11532, "end": 11546, "quote": "section 362(d)", "context": "eration of the automatic stay being subject to a specific statutory exception such as that found in section 362(d). See Sikes, 881 F.2d at 180 (Johnson, J., dissenting) (noting that although violations of the autom", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ad0165c87232bb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 11559, "end": 11574, "quote": "881 F.2d at 180", "context": "ay being subject to a specific statutory exception such as that found in section 362(d). See Sikes, 881 F.2d at 180 (Johnson, J., dissenting) (noting that although violations of the automatic stay are void, “a bankr", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "881 F.2d 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_881/0176_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb1893aaa98668ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 11762, "end": 11773, "quote": "Section 549", "context": "id, “a bankruptcy court may validate an otherwise void filing in violation of the automatic stay”).\nSection 549\nThe more important potential conflict with interpreting the automatic stay as voiding violations is", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a4620d237c29cac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 11886, "end": 11897, "quote": "section 549", "context": "ortant potential conflict with interpreting the automatic stay as voiding violations is provided by section 549 of the Code. See, e.g., Sikes, 881 F.2d at 179 (court determining that § 549 is inconsistent with a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cba7aadd12146ccb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 11929, "end": 11944, "quote": "881 F.2d at 179", "context": " the automatic stay as voiding violations is provided by section 549 of the Code. See, e.g., Sikes, 881 F.2d at 179 (court determining that § 549 is inconsistent with automatic stay voiding violations). Section 549 ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "881 F.2d 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_881/0176_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "db6268b91f33b43e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 11969, "end": 11974, "quote": "§ 549", "context": "s is provided by section 549 of the Code. See, e.g., Sikes, 881 F.2d at 179 (court determining that § 549 is inconsistent with automatic stay voiding violations). Section 549 allows the bankruptcy trustee ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "acb33d0130634efd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12032, "end": 12043, "quote": "Section 549", "context": " F.2d at 179 (court determining that § 549 is inconsistent with automatic stay voiding violations). Section 549 allows the bankruptcy trustee to avoid certain authorized transfers and all unauthorized transfers ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba8140cc592c5d99", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12163, "end": 12174, "quote": "Section 549", "context": "cy trustee to avoid certain authorized transfers and all unauthorized transfers of estate property. Section 549 includes a statute of limitation which requires the trustee to commence an action to void a transfe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac1c483549c55138", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12371, "end": 12386, "quote": "11 U.S.C. § 549", "context": "sfer either within two years of the transfer or before the close of the case, whichever is earlier. 11 U.S.C. § 549(d). The Code’s definitions dictate that section 549 can apply to a wide variety of transactions. “T", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 549", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_5/section_549/title11_sec549_2b4777304315/549_postpetition_transactions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7006cb9f4f659e2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12381, "end": 12389, "quote": "§ 549(d)", "context": "r within two years of the transfer or before the close of the case, whichever is earlier. 11 U.S.C. § 549(d). The Code’s definitions dictate that section 549 can apply to a wide variety of transactions. “Tran", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_5/section_549/title11_sec549_2b4777304315/549_postpetition_transactions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "03e2c482ffd5ca29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12427, "end": 12438, "quote": "section 549", "context": "he close of the case, whichever is earlier. 11 U.S.C. § 549(d). The Code’s definitions dictate that section 549 can apply to a wide variety of transactions. “Transfer” is defined as “every mode, direct or indire", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f341f2a52d42f503", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12671, "end": 12686, "quote": "11 U.S.C. § 101", "context": "ntary or involuntary, of disposing of or parting with property or with an interest in property....” 11 U.S.C. § 101(50) (1988). Further, “property of the estate” includes all legal interests in property. 11 U.S.C. §", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 101", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_1/section_101/title11_sec101_33fffcbc2622/101_definitions_in_this_title_the_following_definitions_shal_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "84054196b26436e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12681, "end": 12690, "quote": "§ 101(50)", "context": "nvoluntary, of disposing of or parting with property or with an interest in property....” 11 U.S.C. § 101(50) (1988). Further, “property of the estate” includes all legal interests in property. 11 U.S.C. § 541", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_1/section_101/title11_sec101_33fffcbc2622/101_definitions_in_this_title_the_following_definitions_shal_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7249b214c0f3a5f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12775, "end": 12790, "quote": "11 U.S.C. § 541", "context": ".S.C. § 101(50) (1988). Further, “property of the estate” includes all legal interests in property. 11 U.S.C. § 541 (1988).\nThe supposed conflict between section 549 and section 362 can be explained by the following", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 541", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_5/section_541/title11_sec541_c307de2ed496/541_property_of_the_estate_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "fd4a1d8bddb8ed89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12829, "end": 12840, "quote": "section 549", "context": "te” includes all legal interests in property. 11 U.S.C. § 541 (1988).\nThe supposed conflict between section 549 and section 362 can be explained by the following reasoning. First, the expansive definition of “tr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbb6af05c320d69c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12845, "end": 12856, "quote": "section 362", "context": " legal interests in property. 11 U.S.C. § 541 (1988).\nThe supposed conflict between section 549 and section 362 can be explained by the following reasoning. First, the expansive definition of “transfer” means th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db7b0ee511272e8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 12959, "end": 12971, "quote": "sections 362", "context": "n be explained by the following reasoning. First, the expansive definition of “transfer” means that sections 362 and 549, at times, cover the same transactions. Second, section 549 implies that some of these over", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8357bd5cc317ef59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13028, "end": 13039, "quote": "section 549", "context": "ition of “transfer” means that sections 362 and 549, at times, cover the same transactions. Second, section 549 implies that some of these overlapping transactions will be valid unless affirmatively challenged b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ad4dd42b44ec3410", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13181, "end": 13192, "quote": "section 362", "context": "ansactions will be valid unless affirmatively challenged by the trustee. Therefore, some argue that section 362 cannot be interpreted to void these overlapping transactions, for doing so would render section 549", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6d848a208e1a9aed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13281, "end": 13292, "quote": "section 549", "context": "section 362 cannot be interpreted to void these overlapping transactions, for doing so would render section 549 moot. See, e.g., Sikes, 881 F.2d at 179.\nOn the surface, this conflict appears troublesome. However", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b58d0d2f4e83884", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13317, "end": 13332, "quote": "881 F.2d at 179", "context": " void these overlapping transactions, for doing so would render section 549 moot. See, e.g., Sikes, 881 F.2d at 179.\nOn the surface, this conflict appears troublesome. However, a straightforward analysis of section ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "881 F.2d 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_881/0176_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "66c4910aed3f9d79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13424, "end": 13435, "quote": "section 549", "context": "d at 179.\nOn the surface, this conflict appears troublesome. However, a straightforward analysis of section 549 reveals that it is not intended to cover the same type of actions prohibited by the automatic stay ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "452f72b8540df35a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13556, "end": 13567, "quote": "section 362", "context": "ot intended to cover the same type of actions prohibited by the automatic stay nor rendered moot by section 362’s voiding of all automatic stay violations. Section 549 applies to unauthorized transfers of estate", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a93cabf8f3b63ce6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13612, "end": 13623, "quote": "Section 549", "context": " by the automatic stay nor rendered moot by section 362’s voiding of all automatic stay violations. Section 549 applies to unauthorized transfers of estate property which are not otherwise prohibited by the Code", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1505ea809d5020a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13733, "end": 13751, "quote": "109 B.R. at 338-40", "context": "o unauthorized transfers of estate property which are not otherwise prohibited by the Code. Garcia, 109 B.R. at 338-40; In re R & L Cartage & Sons, 118 B.R. 646, 650-51 (Bankr.N.D.Ind.1990) (adopting Garcia analysis). ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "109 B.R. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "355254d3f9bb33b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13781, "end": 13793, "quote": "118 B.R. 646", "context": "h are not otherwise prohibited by the Code. Garcia, 109 B.R. at 338-40; In re R & L Cartage & Sons, 118 B.R. 646, 650-51 (Bankr.N.D.Ind.1990) (adopting Garcia analysis). In most circumstances, section 549 applies", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 B.R. 646", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b149fe17e565275", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13874, "end": 13885, "quote": "section 549", "context": " Sons, 118 B.R. 646, 650-51 (Bankr.N.D.Ind.1990) (adopting Garcia analysis). In most circumstances, section 549 applies to transfers in which the debtor is a willing participant. See Garcia, 109 B.R. at 339. For", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90ff2c789c84c420", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 13965, "end": 13980, "quote": "109 B.R. at 339", "context": "stances, section 549 applies to transfers in which the debtor is a willing participant. See Garcia, 109 B.R. at 339. For example, in a transfer unrelated to any antecedent debt, the debtor may sell a portion of the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "109 B.R. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe734961e3a89fba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 14174, "end": 14186, "quote": "section 549.", "context": "f the estate’s property to a third person. The trustee has the power to avoid such a transfer under section 549.\nSection 362’s automatic stay does not apply to sales or transfers of property initiated by the debt", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5eaf94b5f2f9c955", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 14187, "end": 14198, "quote": "Section 362", "context": "s property to a third person. The trustee has the power to avoid such a transfer under section 549.\nSection 362’s automatic stay does not apply to sales or transfers of property initiated by the debtor. Thus, se", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c0cc6539d756e83b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 14296, "end": 14307, "quote": "section 549", "context": "62’s automatic stay does not apply to sales or transfers of property initiated by the debtor. Thus, section 549 has a purpose in bankruptcy beyond the potential overlap with section 362. In other words, the auto", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "baf089774fab8478", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 14370, "end": 14382, "quote": "section 362.", "context": "ated by the debtor. Thus, section 549 has a purpose in bankruptcy beyond the potential overlap with section 362. In other words, the automatic stay can void any violation and still leave section 549 with a valid ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ab8676fb332986f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 14457, "end": 14468, "quote": "section 549", "context": "overlap with section 362. In other words, the automatic stay can void any violation and still leave section 549 with a valid and important role in bankruptcy. Section 549 exists as a protection for creditors aga", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ae4579e03df9119", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 14516, "end": 14527, "quote": "Section 549", "context": "y can void any violation and still leave section 549 with a valid and important role in bankruptcy. Section 549 exists as a protection for creditors against unauthorized debtor transfers of estate property. Alth", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c90f4d7435681541", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 14662, "end": 14673, "quote": "section 362", "context": "rs against unauthorized debtor transfers of estate property. Although there are circumstances where section 362 overlaps section 549 and renders it unnecessary, this overlap falls far short of rendering section ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d25fcb7cf128eac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 14683, "end": 14694, "quote": "section 549", "context": "ed debtor transfers of estate property. Although there are circumstances where section 362 overlaps section 549 and renders it unnecessary, this overlap falls far short of rendering section 549 meaningless.\nSimi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "977eec66ddcc1c7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 14765, "end": 14776, "quote": "section 549", "context": "tion 362 overlaps section 549 and renders it unnecessary, this overlap falls far short of rendering section 549 meaningless.\nSimilarly, subsection 549(c)’s protection of good faith purchasers carves out an extre", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cef41f6b1335305b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 14938, "end": 14949, "quote": "section 362", "context": "d faith purchasers carves out an extremely specific and narrow exception to the automatic stay when section 362 overlaps subsection 549(c). There is no reason to infer from this narrow exception that violations ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aed4fa1719098492", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 15097, "end": 15115, "quote": "109 B.R. at 339-40", "context": "to infer from this narrow exception that violations of the automatic stay are not void. See Garcia, 109 B.R. at 339-40. It is disingenuous to argue that the general rule must be invalid simply because there is a narrow", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "109 B.R. 335", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8f2c091d869464a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 15388, "end": 15399, "quote": "section 549", "context": "because there is a narrow exception under subsection 549(c), then by the same reasoning the rest of section 549 would be invalid because subsection 549(c) creates an exception to the trustee’s power to avoid pos", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "586a42cfe06dde04", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 15633, "end": 15644, "quote": "section 362", "context": "ection 549(c) sheds no light on the void/voidable distinction. Subsection 549(c) is an exception to section 362 regardless of whether violations of the automatic stay are void or merely voidable. Congress did no", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d93baeba5517ff5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 15973, "end": 15984, "quote": "section 549", "context": "49(c) to protect good faith purchasers where the sale would otherwise be subject to avoidance under section 549 or void under section 362.\nOur prior decisions also support this interpretation of the Bankruptcy C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d5a40bf8979a1df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 15999, "end": 16011, "quote": "section 362.", "context": "h purchasers where the sale would otherwise be subject to avoidance under section 549 or void under section 362.\nOur prior decisions also support this interpretation of the Bankruptcy Code. In Shamblin, we addres", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11fb7b4b5dccc7a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 16308, "end": 16320, "quote": "section 362.", "context": "the general rule that violations of the automatic stay are “void”, we found the tax sale void under section 362. 890 F.2d at 125. The appellants argued that section 549 covered the sale as well and that the sale ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa53f6a521e63642", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 16321, "end": 16336, "quote": "890 F.2d at 125", "context": "ule that violations of the automatic stay are “void”, we found the tax sale void under section 362. 890 F.2d at 125. The appellants argued that section 549 covered the sale as well and that the sale should therefore", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "890 F.2d 123", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_890/0123_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "db5ca1d783cd33af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 16365, "end": 16376, "quote": "section 549", "context": "e “void”, we found the tax sale void under section 362. 890 F.2d at 125. The appellants argued that section 549 covered the sale as well and that the sale should therefore stand despite the violation of the auto", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34a59207ea85e765", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 16624, "end": 16635, "quote": "section 549", "context": "to avoid the transfer. We held that the tax sale was not a transfer of property of the estate under section 549, reasoning that the sale created only a lien on the property and did not actually transfer the prop", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8faeb5e9dcec9a50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 16763, "end": 16775, "quote": "section 549.", "context": "eated only a lien on the property and did not actually transfer the property itself for purposes of section 549. Id. at 127. We noted that the automatic stay “fully protected” debtors such that section 549 need n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d193f1f9bb59291e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 16776, "end": 16786, "quote": "Id. at 127", "context": "lien on the property and did not actually transfer the property itself for purposes of section 549. Id. at 127. We noted that the automatic stay “fully protected” debtors such that section 549 need not cover th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "890 F.2d 123", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_890/0123_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4a473cf454de3456", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 16857, "end": 16868, "quote": "section 549", "context": "es of section 549. Id. at 127. We noted that the automatic stay “fully protected” debtors such that section 549 need not cover the tax sale. Id. at 127 n. 7.\nShamblin is strong support for the general propositio", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cb183c95f43799f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 16898, "end": 16908, "quote": "Id. at 127", "context": "hat the automatic stay “fully protected” debtors such that section 549 need not cover the tax sale. Id. at 127 n. 7.\nShamblin is strong support for the general proposition that sections 362 and 549 usually appl", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_890/0123_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b39b09211add01f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 16975, "end": 16987, "quote": "sections 362", "context": "ot cover the tax sale. Id. at 127 n. 7.\nShamblin is strong support for the general proposition that sections 362 and 549 usually apply to a different set of transactions. At a minimum, our decision in Shamblin im", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68a21929710133bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 17098, "end": 17109, "quote": "section 549", "context": "ually apply to a different set of transactions. At a minimum, our decision in Shamblin implies that section 549 picks up where the automatic stay leaves off, and that the sections are therefore not in conflict. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "922798255462f8c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 17292, "end": 17303, "quote": "section 549", "context": "not in conflict. The law in this circuit is that violations of the automatic stay are void and that section 549 applies to transfers of property which are not voided by the stay.\nFinally, the government argues i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b1ad6ba96f33fc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 17571, "end": 17582, "quote": "79 B.R. 479", "context": "hin the narrow exception for technical violations of the automatic stay carved out by In re Brooks, 79 B.R. 479 (Bankr. 9th Cir.1987), aff'd, 871 F.2d 89 (9th Cir.1989). See also In re Wingo, 89 B.R. 54, 57 (Ban", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 B.R. 479", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b8af70bf9c82743", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 17613, "end": 17624, "quote": "871 F.2d 89", "context": "lations of the automatic stay carved out by In re Brooks, 79 B.R. 479 (Bankr. 9th Cir.1987), aff'd, 871 F.2d 89 (9th Cir.1989). See also In re Wingo, 89 B.R. 54, 57 (Bankr. 9th Cir.1988). In Brooks, the BAP held", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "871 F.2d 89", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_871/0089_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff09c2cb8c9e532b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 17663, "end": 17673, "quote": "89 B.R. 54", "context": "Brooks, 79 B.R. 479 (Bankr. 9th Cir.1987), aff'd, 871 F.2d 89 (9th Cir.1989). See also In re Wingo, 89 B.R. 54, 57 (Bankr. 9th Cir.1988). In Brooks, the BAP held that a minor technical violation of the stay—the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 B.R. 54", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45568d7a9c95ce53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 17986, "end": 18000, "quote": "871 F.2d at 90", "context": "l we did not address the void/voidable issue and instead decided the case on the issue of standing, 871 F.2d at 90, and we expressed no opinion on the validity of the exception recognized by the BAP in Brooks. Beca", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "871 F.2d 89", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_871/0089_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec74d737246b85a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 18904, "end": 18915, "quote": "Section 362", "context": "the Schwartzes’ objection to the IRS’s penalty assessment is correct and should not be disturbed.\n. Section 362 reads in pertinent part:\n(a) ... a petition filed under ... this title ... operates as a stay, appl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe49a07c190faf4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 19455, "end": 19470, "quote": "11 U.S.C. § 362", "context": "recover a claim against the debtor that arose before the commencement of the case under this title;\n11 U.S.C. § 362(a)(4)-(6) (citations omitted).\n. Section 549 reads in part:\n(a) Except as provided in subsection (b", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 362", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_3/section_362/title11_sec362_8ae66429ec1e/362_automatic_stay_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "22e109dc3eca19d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 19465, "end": 19476, "quote": "§ 362(a)(4)", "context": "claim against the debtor that arose before the commencement of the case under this title;\n11 U.S.C. § 362(a)(4)-(6) (citations omitted).\n. Section 549 reads in part:\n(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) or (", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_3/section_362/title11_sec362_8ae66429ec1e/362_automatic_stay_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ebc3fb8a8682b69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 19504, "end": 19515, "quote": "Section 549", "context": "ore the commencement of the case under this title;\n11 U.S.C. § 362(a)(4)-(6) (citations omitted).\n. Section 549 reads in part:\n(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) or (c) of this section, the trustee may avo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "927f728c815b563a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 19756, "end": 19770, "quote": "section 303(f)", "context": "(1) that occurs [made] after the commencement of the case; and\n(2)(A) that is authorized only under section 303(f) or 542(c) of this title; or\n(B) that is not authorized under this title or by the court.\n11 U.S.C. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a0ce2165cde2d3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 19860, "end": 19875, "quote": "11 U.S.C. § 549", "context": "ion 303(f) or 542(c) of this title; or\n(B) that is not authorized under this title or by the court.\n11 U.S.C. § 549(a) (1988).\n", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "11 U.S.C. § 549", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_5/section_549/title11_sec549_2b4777304315/549_postpetition_transactions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "cef98ce4513788d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_954/0569_01/index.html", "start": 19870, "end": 19878, "quote": "§ 549(a)", "context": " or 542(c) of this title; or\n(B) that is not authorized under this title or by the court.\n11 U.S.C. § 549(a) (1988).\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/bankruptcy/title_11/chapter_5/section_549/title11_sec549_2b4777304315/549_postpetition_transactions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "de4734452ae43337", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 1740, "end": 1754, "quote": "509 N.E.2d 233", "context": " exception to duty of care standards under Indiana common law, see Sports Bench, Inc. v. McPherson, 509 N.E.2d 233, 234-35 (Ind.App. 1st Dist. 1987); Woodruff v. Bowen, 136 Ind. 431, 34 N.E. 1113 (1893), barred rec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "509 N.E.2d 233", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9a5252da3f73322", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 1809, "end": 1821, "quote": "136 Ind. 431", "context": "orts Bench, Inc. v. McPherson, 509 N.E.2d 233, 234-35 (Ind.App. 1st Dist. 1987); Woodruff v. Bowen, 136 Ind. 431, 34 N.E. 1113 (1893), barred recovery in tort. Mrs. Edwards responded to Honeywell’s motion, and Ho", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 Ind. 431", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3c41e299570f44d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 1823, "end": 1835, "quote": "34 N.E. 1113", "context": "c. v. McPherson, 509 N.E.2d 233, 234-35 (Ind.App. 1st Dist. 1987); Woodruff v. Bowen, 136 Ind. 431, 34 N.E. 1113 (1893), barred recovery in tort. Mrs. Edwards responded to Honeywell’s motion, and Honeywell filed ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 N.E. 1113", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "969faa19166ec059", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 4170, "end": 4183, "quote": "885 F.2d 1305", "context": "ct court was precluded from granting summary judgment on that ground. See Malhotra v. Cotter & Co., 885 F.2d 1305, 1310 (7th Cir.1989) (“When a party moves for summary judgment on ground A, his opponent is not req", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "885 F.2d 1305", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_885/1305_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "185c15f3f76fe388", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 5300, "end": 5306, "quote": "§ 2719", "context": " its disposition by the court,” 10A Wright, Miller & Kane, Federal Practice and Procedure, Civil 2d § 2719, at 6 (2d ed. 1983), it would make little sense to shorten a non-movant’s response period when the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ad685efcdfb51a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 5838, "end": 5853, "quote": "571 F.Supp. 904", "context": "nt on January 18 reset the 13-day clock as to that issue. Santiago v. Becton Dickinson & Co., S.A., 571 F.Supp. 904, 910 (D.P.R.1983); see also Black v. TIC Investment Corp., 900 F.2d 112, 116 (7th Cir.1990); Cia. P", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "571 F. Supp. 904", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_571/0904_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8521d0cef1879cd2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 5913, "end": 5925, "quote": "900 F.2d 112", "context": "n Dickinson & Co., S.A., 571 F.Supp. 904, 910 (D.P.R.1983); see also Black v. TIC Investment Corp., 900 F.2d 112, 116 (7th Cir.1990); Cia. Petrolera Caribe, Inc. v. Arco Caribbean, Inc., 754 F.2d 404, 409-10 (1st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "900 F.2d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_900/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7dc429b1ae7778c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 6000, "end": 6012, "quote": "754 F.2d 404", "context": "tment Corp., 900 F.2d 112, 116 (7th Cir.1990); Cia. Petrolera Caribe, Inc. v. Arco Caribbean, Inc., 754 F.2d 404, 409-10 (1st Cir.1985). Accordingly, the Rules directed the district court to give Mrs. Edwards unt", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "754 F.2d 404", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_754/0404_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f5d1ab3cf97c4f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 6290, "end": 6302, "quote": "878 F.2d 115", "context": "e argument before entering summary judgment on that particular ground. See Brooks v. Hussman Corp., 878 F.2d 115, 116-17 (3d Cir.1989); United States v. One Colt Python .357 Cal. Revolver, 845 F.2d 287, 288-89 (1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "878 F.2d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_878/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ac15a93c2068c3e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 6379, "end": 6391, "quote": "845 F.2d 287", "context": "man Corp., 878 F.2d 115, 116-17 (3d Cir.1989); United States v. One Colt Python .357 Cal. Revolver, 845 F.2d 287, 288-89 (11th Cir.1988); Winboume v. Eastern Air Lines, Inc., 632 F.2d 219, 223 (2d Cir.1980). Note", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "845 F.2d 287", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_845/0287_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ffaa015e0028a7ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 6454, "end": 6466, "quote": "632 F.2d 219", "context": "thon .357 Cal. Revolver, 845 F.2d 287, 288-89 (11th Cir.1988); Winboume v. Eastern Air Lines, Inc., 632 F.2d 219, 223 (2d Cir.1980). Note that this case is unlike Daniels v. Morris, 746 F.2d 271 (5th Cir.1984), w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "632 F.2d 219", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_632/0219_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "49f150f9d47b1397", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 6536, "end": 6548, "quote": "746 F.2d 271", "context": " Air Lines, Inc., 632 F.2d 219, 223 (2d Cir.1980). Note that this case is unlike Daniels v. Morris, 746 F.2d 271 (5th Cir.1984), which upheld summary judgment where, as here, the district court did not grant adva", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "746 F.2d 271", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_746/0271_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "138af913d5e18259", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 6872, "end": 6885, "quote": "Id. at 275-76", "context": "c) by furnishing the non-movants over one month to respond to the movant’s supplemental memorandum. Id. at 275-76. Both Mrs. Edwards and the non-movants in Daniels were surprised by the timing of the district cour", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "746 F.2d 271", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_746/0271_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "69d6e936122edd50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 8285, "end": 8299, "quote": "486 N.E.2d 998", "context": "at Honeywell owed him a duty in tort, see Citizens Gas & Coke Utility v. American Economy Ins. Co., 486 N.E.2d 998, 1000-01 (Ind.1985), the reply brief in no way raised the tort duty issue. Nor does the contract’s ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "486 N.E.2d 998", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3395c62cb25b2440", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 8737, "end": 8753, "quote": "166 Ind.App. 509", "context": "parties or privy to ... a contract are not bound by it.” Vernon Fire & Casualty Ins. Co. v. Graham, 166 Ind.App. 509, 336 N.E.2d 829, 832 (2d Dist.1975).\nHoneywell next contends that, assuming summary judgment was un", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "166 Ind. App. 509", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aee31f4d4a781fce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f2d/volume_960/0673_01/index.html", "start": 8755, "end": 8769, "quote": "336 N.E.2d 829", "context": "o ... a contract are not bound by it.” Vernon Fire & Casualty Ins. Co. v. Graham, 166 Ind.App. 509, 336 N.E.2d 829, 832 (2d Dist.1975).\nHoneywell next contends that, assuming summary judgment was untimely, Mrs. Edw", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "336 N.E.2d 829", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6bd567655025deb3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 74, "end": 80, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "\nEUGENE A. WRIGHT, Circuit Judge:\nColton Benboe appeals the denial of his § 2255 motion to vacate his sentence for a firearm violation under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1) to which he plead", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73a608e9729002b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 141, "end": 156, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": "Benboe appeals the denial of his § 2255 motion to vacate his sentence for a firearm violation under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1) to which he pleaded guilty. Two Supreme Court cases decided since his 1994 conviction require", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e7e4ef9c7ea33046", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 151, "end": 162, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)", "context": "eals the denial of his § 2255 motion to vacate his sentence for a firearm violation under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1) to which he pleaded guilty. Two Supreme Court cases decided since his 1994 conviction require us to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ab9fbe7f8df43aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 362, "end": 368, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": " reverse the district court’s holding that he is guilty of the firearm conviction and to remand the § 2255 motion to allow him the opportunity to show that he is innocent of any more serious charges dismiss", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ee8351d0030cf35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 544, "end": 550, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": " serious charges dismissed under the plea agreement, and therefore entitled to consideration of his § 2255 motion on the merits.\nBACKGROUND:\nPursuant to a plea agreement, Benboe pleaded guilty to conspiracy", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bfe6d5351434daf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 715, "end": 731, "quote": "21 U.S.C. §§ 841", "context": "Benboe pleaded guilty to conspiracy to possess marijuana with intent to distribute, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 841, 846, and using or carrying a firearm in relation to a drug trafficking crime, in violation of 18 U", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "21 U.S.C. §§ 841", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_21/section_841/title21_sec841_252bd57f77a5/841_prohibited_acts_a_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "db246575e0658882", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 827, "end": 842, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "context": " 841, 846, and using or carrying a firearm in relation to a drug trafficking crime, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1). The agreement specified a sentence of 60 months on each of the two charges, to be served con", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a525e1d8b1c4214b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 837, "end": 848, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)", "context": " and using or carrying a firearm in relation to a drug trafficking crime, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1). The agreement specified a sentence of 60 months on each of the two charges, to be served consecuti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_924/title18_sec924_42978da3a939/924_penalties_a_1_except_as_otherwise_provided_in_this_subse_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c386de06317d4343", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 1258, "end": 1269, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)", "context": "nt to the plea agreement.\nIn 1995, the Supreme Court held that a “defendant cannot be charged under § 924(c)(1) merely for storing a weapon near drugs or drug proceeds,” or for “placement of a firearm to provide", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9933d583c1a8039d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 1432, "end": 1444, "quote": "516 U.S. 137", "context": "or “placement of a firearm to provide a sense of security or to embolden.” Bailey v. United States, 516 U.S. 137, 149, 116 S.Ct. 501, 133 L.Ed.2d 472 (1995). Benboe then filed a motion to vacate, set aside or cor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "516 U.S. 137", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_516/0137_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a923fbe8285d03f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 1451, "end": 1464, "quote": "116 S.Ct. 501", "context": "firearm to provide a sense of security or to embolden.” Bailey v. United States, 516 U.S. 137, 149, 116 S.Ct. 501, 133 L.Ed.2d 472 (1995). Benboe then filed a motion to vacate, set aside or correct his sentence un", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 S. Ct. 501", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_516/0137_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7d4902169f44b1ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 1466, "end": 1481, "quote": "133 L.Ed.2d 472", "context": "ide a sense of security or to embolden.” Bailey v. United States, 516 U.S. 137, 149, 116 S.Ct. 501, 133 L.Ed.2d 472 (1995). Benboe then filed a motion to vacate, set aside or correct his sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "133 L. Ed. 2d 472", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_516/0137_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c8ce58aa680363a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 1568, "end": 1584, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "context": "3 L.Ed.2d 472 (1995). Benboe then filed a motion to vacate, set aside or correct his sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 based on Bailey. The district court denied the motion, holding that Benboe did not “use” the firear", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "bd37907e69e7b6e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 1867, "end": 1875, "quote": "§ 924(c)", "context": "wice to alter or amend the judgment, contending that he did not “carry” the firearm for purposes of § 924(c). The court held an evidentiary hearing and an in-chambers hearing with the parties and denied both ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c2ff54987fbb19fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 2072, "end": 2078, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "th motions. Benboe appeals.\nANALYSIS:\nI Standard of Review\nThis court reviews de novo a denial of a § 2255 motion and reviews for clear error the district court’s findings of fact. Sanchez v. United States,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "588c321ffdc8a581", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 2179, "end": 2191, "quote": "50 F.3d 1448", "context": "motion and reviews for clear error the district court’s findings of fact. Sanchez v. United States, 50 F.3d 1448, 1451-52 (9th Cir.1995).\nII Procedural Bar\nThe government contends that Benboe is procedurally barr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 F.3d 1448", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_50/1448_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1b81feab02e46005", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 2635, "end": 2647, "quote": "489 U.S. 288", "context": "and distribution conspiracy. The government also argues that relief is barred under Teague v. Lane, 489 U.S. 288, 109 S.Ct. 1060, 103 L.Ed.2d 334 (1989), which held that new rules of criminal procedure are not ap", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "489 U.S. 288", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2fc4ab89ef99accc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 2649, "end": 2663, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 1060", "context": "on conspiracy. The government also argues that relief is barred under Teague v. Lane, 489 U.S. 288, 109 S.Ct. 1060, 103 L.Ed.2d 334 (1989), which held that new rules of criminal procedure are not applicable to case", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 1060", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "713f06c250f81d63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 2665, "end": 2680, "quote": "103 L.Ed.2d 334", "context": "he government also argues that relief is barred under Teague v. Lane, 489 U.S. 288, 109 S.Ct. 1060, 103 L.Ed.2d 334 (1989), which held that new rules of criminal procedure are not applicable to cases that became fin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 L. Ed. 2d 334", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "33c8b6ac169cddfb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 3008, "end": 3014, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "ere a plea agreement specifies that no appeal will be taken, it does not waive the right to bring a § 2255 motion unless it does so expressly. United States v. Pruitt, 32 F.3d 431, 433 (9th Cir.1994). Benbo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3a158ff0f4024b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 3076, "end": 3087, "quote": "32 F.3d 431", "context": " not waive the right to bring a § 2255 motion unless it does so expressly. United States v. Pruitt, 32 F.3d 431, 433 (9th Cir.1994). Benboe did not expressly waive his right to file for collateral relief.\nB. Tea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 F.3d 431", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0431_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0236ea8c25867501", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 3240, "end": 3246, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "his right to file for collateral relief.\nB. Teague v. Lane\nAfter the district court denied Benboe’s § 2255 motion, the Supreme Court resolved a split among the circuits over the permissibility of post-Baile", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a50c3492eac9135f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 3370, "end": 3381, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)", "context": "rt resolved a split among the circuits over the permissibility of post-Bailey collateral attacks on § 924(c)(1) convictions obtained pursuant to guilty pleas. Bousley v. United States, — U.S. -,-, 118 S.Ct. 1604", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23039f852f42ff39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 3467, "end": 3481, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 1604", "context": "on § 924(c)(1) convictions obtained pursuant to guilty pleas. Bousley v. United States, — U.S. -,-, 118 S.Ct. 1604, 1609-10, 140 L.Ed.2d 828 (1998). The Court stated that Teague’s limitation on collateral review ap", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 1604", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0614_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "462bcf4051f53e70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 3492, "end": 3507, "quote": "140 L.Ed.2d 828", "context": "s obtained pursuant to guilty pleas. Bousley v. United States, — U.S. -,-, 118 S.Ct. 1604, 1609-10, 140 L.Ed.2d 828 (1998). The Court stated that Teague’s limitation on collateral review applies only to procedural r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 L. Ed. 2d 828", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0614_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bd455c9aa11c5ce1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 3716, "end": 3727, "quote": "Id. at 1610", "context": "is therefore inapplicable where, as in Bailey, the Court decides the meaning of a criminal statute. Id. at 1610. It said that its decisions “holding that a substantive federal criminal statute does not reach cer", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91afda24e4543631", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 3966, "end": 3977, "quote": "Id. at 1610", "context": "gnificant risk that a defendant stands convicted of ‘an act that the law does not make criminal.’ ” Id. at 1610 (quoting Davis v. United States, 417 U.S. 333, 346, 94 S.Ct. 2298, 41 L.Ed.2d 109(1974).)\nA Bailey ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "78ea506f8d8b0622", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 4011, "end": 4023, "quote": "417 U.S. 333", "context": "ted of ‘an act that the law does not make criminal.’ ” Id. at 1610 (quoting Davis v. United States, 417 U.S. 333, 346, 94 S.Ct. 2298, 41 L.Ed.2d 109(1974).)\nA Bailey issue therefore can - be used to challenge the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "417 U.S. 333", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee5f735a3682816a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 4030, "end": 4043, "quote": "94 S.Ct. 2298", "context": " the law does not make criminal.’ ” Id. at 1610 (quoting Davis v. United States, 417 U.S. 333, 346, 94 S.Ct. 2298, 41 L.Ed.2d 109(1974).)\nA Bailey issue therefore can - be used to challenge the constitutionality o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 S. Ct. 2298", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "af41226527fc4fdd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 4045, "end": 4059, "quote": "41 L.Ed.2d 109", "context": "ot make criminal.’ ” Id. at 1610 (quoting Davis v. United States, 417 U.S. 333, 346, 94 S.Ct. 2298, 41 L.Ed.2d 109(1974).)\nA Bailey issue therefore can - be used to challenge the constitutionality of a guilty plea ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "41 L. Ed. 2d 109", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94a5d761277a1d84", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 4382, "end": 4393, "quote": "Id. at 1609", "context": " nor the court correctly understood the essential elements of the crime with which he was charged.” Id. at 1609. The Court has long held that “a plea does not qualify as intelligent unless a criminal defendant r", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0bd46906fa2e6642", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 4558, "end": 4569, "quote": "Id. at 1607", "context": "igent unless a criminal defendant receives ‘real notice of the nature of the charge against him.’ ” Id. at 1607 (citing Smith v. O’Grady, 312 U.S. 329, 61 S.Ct. 572, 85 L.Ed. 859 (1941)).\nC. Showing Required to ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86e0d236d5d492d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 4596, "end": 4608, "quote": "312 U.S. 329", "context": "ives ‘real notice of the nature of the charge against him.’ ” Id. at 1607 (citing Smith v. O’Grady, 312 U.S. 329, 61 S.Ct. 572, 85 L.Ed. 859 (1941)).\nC. Showing Required to Avoid Procedural Bar\nThe Court noted, h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "312 U.S. 329", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15ca5b943d77b87f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 4610, "end": 4622, "quote": "61 S.Ct. 572", "context": "ice of the nature of the charge against him.’ ” Id. at 1607 (citing Smith v. O’Grady, 312 U.S. 329, 61 S.Ct. 572, 85 L.Ed. 859 (1941)).\nC. Showing Required to Avoid Procedural Bar\nThe Court noted, however, that “", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 S. Ct. 572", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8c8aa6a6ac613d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 4624, "end": 4636, "quote": "85 L.Ed. 859", "context": "ure of the charge against him.’ ” Id. at 1607 (citing Smith v. O’Grady, 312 U.S. 329, 61 S.Ct. 572, 85 L.Ed. 859 (1941)).\nC. Showing Required to Avoid Procedural Bar\nThe Court noted, however, that “even the volun", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 L. Ed. 859", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed3ee3118f04a484", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 4985, "end": 5001, "quote": "Id. at 1610-1611", "context": "an first demonstrate either ‘cause’ and actual ‘prejudice’ ... or that he is ‘actually innocent.’ ” Id. at 1610-1611.\nThe Court held that a Bailey challenge does not establish “cause” for procedural default and that ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5bbc6b2a3f3bb602", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 5207, "end": 5218, "quote": "Id. at 1611", "context": "y would qualify to have his motion considered on the merits only if he could show actual innocence. Id. at 1611.\nActual innocence can be established if the petitioner demonstrates that “it is more likely than no", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cfbd811b90c57092", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 5372, "end": 5375, "quote": "Id.", "context": "r demonstrates that “it is more likely than not that no reasonable juror would have convicted him.” Id.\n‘Actual innocence’ means factual innocence, not mere legal insufficiency.... In other words, the Go", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "320e408fdc6e34b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 5828, "end": 5842, "quote": "Id. at 1611-12", "context": " petitioner’s plea colloquy and would not normally have been offered before our decision in Bailey.\nId. at 1611-12.\nThe Court remanded Bousley’s § 2255 motion because the district court had not considered his “actu", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13fb58f81e2c7df6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 5873, "end": 5879, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "mally have been offered before our decision in Bailey.\nId. at 1611-12.\nThe Court remanded Bousley’s § 2255 motion because the district court had not considered his “actual innocence.” On remand, the court w", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ef1f4973e1669cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 6111, "end": 6122, "quote": "Id. at 1612", "context": "make that showing, and, if he did so, to consider on the merits his claim of an unintelligent plea. Id. at 1612.\nThe Court added that “[i]n cases where the Government has forgone more serious charges in the cour", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4498019eef7211b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 6322, "end": 6333, "quote": "Id. at 1612", "context": "se of plea bargaining, petitioner’s showing of actual innocence must also extend to those charges.” Id. at 1612.\nHere, Benboe does not specifically contend that his plea was involuntary or unintelligent. He does", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9a98b026abab5dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 6477, "end": 6485, "quote": "§ 924(c)", "context": " that his plea was involuntary or unintelligent. He does, however, argue that he is innocent of the § 924(c) charge as defined post-Bailey. Because he did not raise this issue on direct appeal, Bousley requir", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ec77a317b8420e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 6611, "end": 6617, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "iley. Because he did not raise this issue on direct appeal, Bousley requires, in order for Benboe’s § 2255 motion to be heard on the merits, that he first show that he is actually innocent not only of the §", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6523ec2f6b8c1946", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 6716, "end": 6724, "quote": "§ 924(c)", "context": "5 motion to be heard on the merits, that he first show that he is actually innocent not only of the § 924(c) charge, but also of any more serious charges dismissed pursuant to the plea agreement.\nWe hold that", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03f4e56cd73a1171", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 6877, "end": 6883, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "ed pursuant to the plea agreement.\nWe hold that Benboe is not proeedurally barred from pursuing his § 2255 motion if he can show “actual innocence” on the § 924(c) charge and any more serious dismissed char", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1a205db4af95270", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 6932, "end": 6940, "quote": "§ 924(c)", "context": "is not proeedurally barred from pursuing his § 2255 motion if he can show “actual innocence” on the § 924(c) charge and any more serious dismissed charges.\nIll Carrying a Firearm\nBenboe contends that under Ba", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2a425eaf1f44a6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 7118, "end": 7126, "quote": "§ 924(c)", "context": "contends that under Bailey, he did not “use or carry” a firearm as is required for conviction under § 924(c), and that the court erred in concluding that he “carried” a firearm based upon his guilty plea and ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f8df3022a4b0009", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 7387, "end": 7400, "quote": "113 F.3d 1020", "context": "“Any attempt to contradict the factual basis of a valid plea must fail.” United States v. Morrison, 113 F.3d 1020, 1021 (9th Cir.1997), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 118 S.Ct. 583, 139 L.Ed.2d 421 (1997). Benboe, howeve", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 F.3d 1020", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_113/1020_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a69f529579a4411", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 7447, "end": 7460, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 583", "context": " must fail.” United States v. Morrison, 113 F.3d 1020, 1021 (9th Cir.1997), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 118 S.Ct. 583, 139 L.Ed.2d 421 (1997). Benboe, however, does not contest the facts. He does dispute the court’s l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 583", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "acfab5ff696ba929", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 7462, "end": 7477, "quote": "139 L.Ed.2d 421", "context": "ited States v. Morrison, 113 F.3d 1020, 1021 (9th Cir.1997), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 118 S.Ct. 583, 139 L.Ed.2d 421 (1997). Benboe, however, does not contest the facts. He does dispute the court’s legal conclusion t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 L. Ed. 2d 421", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e11aeb928f79840a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 7603, "end": 7611, "quote": "§ 924(c)", "context": "does not contest the facts. He does dispute the court’s legal conclusion that the facts support his § 924(c) conviction.\nBailey held that “a defendant cannot be charged under § 924(c)(1) merely for storing a ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9458f23ad820ee94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 7678, "end": 7689, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)", "context": "at the facts support his § 924(c) conviction.\nBailey held that “a defendant cannot be charged under § 924(c)(1) merely for storing a weapon near drugs or drug proceeds,” or for “placement of a firearm to provide", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "beb29d8e35e66176", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 7852, "end": 7867, "quote": "516 U.S. at 149", "context": "or “placement of a firearm to provide a sense of security or to embolden.” Bailey v. United States, 516 U.S. at 149, 116 S.Ct. 1035. “[T]he inert presence of a firearm, without more, is not enough to trigger § 924(c", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "516 U.S. 137", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_516/0137_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "352b99e0600ceeff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 7869, "end": 7883, "quote": "116 S.Ct. 1035", "context": "a firearm to provide a sense of security or to embolden.” Bailey v. United States, 516 U.S. at 149, 116 S.Ct. 1035. “[T]he inert presence of a firearm, without more, is not enough to trigger § 924(c)(1).” Id.\nBenbo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 S. Ct. 1035", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96f175afbe265d71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 7960, "end": 7971, "quote": "§ 924(c)(1)", "context": " at 149, 116 S.Ct. 1035. “[T]he inert presence of a firearm, without more, is not enough to trigger § 924(c)(1).” Id.\nBenboe acknowledged in the plea agreement that he had a marijuana grow operation in his home ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac8c8f1bd4d8658b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 7974, "end": 7977, "quote": "Id.", "context": ".Ct. 1035. “[T]he inert presence of a firearm, without more, is not enough to trigger § 924(c)(1).” Id.\nBenboe acknowledged in the plea agreement that he had a marijuana grow operation in his home and ma", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f661f6347d652a2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 8712, "end": 8720, "quote": "§ 924(c)", "context": "ntiary hearing to determine whether, under Bailey, he “used” or “carried” a firearm for purposes of § 924(c). The transcript reveals that a firearm was found in or on furniture in the same room where marijuan", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "277f73aecb3649f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 9333, "end": 9339, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": "h marijuana, within reach and immediately available for use. Accordingly, the court denied Benboe’s § 2255 motion.\nThe facts do not support his § 924(c) conviction. Benboe’s 1994 admission that he “used or ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7a96012f939c7d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 9377, "end": 9385, "quote": "§ 924(c)", "context": "ailable for use. Accordingly, the court denied Benboe’s § 2255 motion.\nThe facts do not support his § 924(c) conviction. Benboe’s 1994 admission that he “used or carried” the firearm in relation to a drug cri", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6eae4c9bf6680490", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 9823, "end": 9837, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 1911", "context": "gly possessed and con-, veyed a firearm in a vehicle. See Muscarello v. United States, — U.S. -, -, 118 S.Ct. 1911, 1919, 141 L.Ed.2d 111(1998).\nWe vacate the district court’s denial of Benboe’s § 2255 motion and r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 1911", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_524/0125_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6937a446dd3d04a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 9845, "end": 9860, "quote": "141 L.Ed.2d 111", "context": ", veyed a firearm in a vehicle. See Muscarello v. United States, — U.S. -, -, 118 S.Ct. 1911, 1919, 141 L.Ed.2d 111(1998).\nWe vacate the district court’s denial of Benboe’s § 2255 motion and remand with directions t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "141 L. Ed. 2d 111", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_524/0125_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "221443073b047d98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 9918, "end": 9924, "quote": "§ 2255", "context": ", -, 118 S.Ct. 1911, 1919, 141 L.Ed.2d 111(1998).\nWe vacate the district court’s denial of Benboe’s § 2255 motion and remand with directions to allow him the opportunity to show that he is “actually innocen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "012482b039dcded5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 10104, "end": 10112, "quote": "§ 924(c)", "context": "is “actually innocent” of any dismissed charges that the court determines are more serious than the § 924(c) conviction of which he is innocent. If he makes such a showing or if the court finds that no more s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbd825b4cb70f9b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 10560, "end": 10575, "quote": "21 U.S.C. § 860", "context": "rijuana, one count of unlawful use of a communication facility, and a school yard enhancement under 21 U.S.C. § 860.\n", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "21 U.S.C. § 860", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_21/section_860/title21_sec860_11e36b48bb58/860_distribution_or_manufacturing_in_or_near_schools_and_col_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ba291ea8424c2d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_157/1181_01/index.html", "start": 10570, "end": 10576, "quote": "§ 860.", "context": "ne count of unlawful use of a communication facility, and a school yard enhancement under 21 U.S.C. § 860.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_21/section_860/title21_sec860_11e36b48bb58/860_distribution_or_manufacturing_in_or_near_schools_and_col_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f5128b7153493c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 137, "end": 153, "quote": "18 U.S.C. §§ 922", "context": "istians appeals from his conviction for possession of firearms and ammunition by a convicted felon, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(1) and 924(a)(2), possession of firearms and ammunition by a fugitive from justice, 18 U.S.C. §§", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. §§ 922", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "002307d613121be4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 147, "end": 159, "quote": "§§ 922(g)(1)", "context": "peals from his conviction for possession of firearms and ammunition by a convicted felon, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(1) and 924(a)(2), possession of firearms and ammunition by a fugitive from justice, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "03c13bcb99ef5305", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 241, "end": 257, "quote": "18 U.S.C. §§ 922", "context": ".S.C. §§ 922(g)(1) and 924(a)(2), possession of firearms and ammunition by a fugitive from justice, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(2) and 924(a)(2), possession of stolen firearms, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(j) and 924(a)(2), and unlawful", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. §§ 922", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "2beb70ae91727b26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 251, "end": 263, "quote": "§§ 922(g)(2)", "context": "22(g)(1) and 924(a)(2), possession of firearms and ammunition by a fugitive from justice, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(2) and 924(a)(2), possession of stolen firearms, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(j) and 924(a)(2), and unlawful makin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "0fb6c2bc75feef73", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 310, "end": 326, "quote": "18 U.S.C. §§ 922", "context": "on by a fugitive from justice, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(2) and 924(a)(2), possession of stolen firearms, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(j) and 924(a)(2), and unlawful making of a firearm, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5861(f) and 5871. We affirm.\nI.\nIn", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. §§ 922", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4cbbd63f7d6f55dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 320, "end": 329, "quote": "§§ 922(j)", "context": "gitive from justice, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(2) and 924(a)(2), possession of stolen firearms, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(j) and 924(a)(2), and unlawful making of a firearm, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5861(f) and 5871. We affirm.\nI.\nIn Oc", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c0580c071f0ea0b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 379, "end": 396, "quote": "26 U.S.C. §§ 5861", "context": "possession of stolen firearms, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(j) and 924(a)(2), and unlawful making of a firearm, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5861(f) and 5871. We affirm.\nI.\nIn October of 1997, law enforcement officials in North Dakota caught Chr", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. §§ 5861", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "832c136bd558be33", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 389, "end": 399, "quote": "§§ 5861(f)", "context": " of stolen firearms, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(j) and 924(a)(2), and unlawful making of a firearm, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5861(f) and 5871. We affirm.\nI.\nIn October of 1997, law enforcement officials in North Dakota caught Christ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29058cc454d5c058", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 2340, "end": 2356, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "context": "ped outside the original record, are more properly raised in a habeas corpus petition brought under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. See United States v. Santana, 150 F.3d 860, 863 (8th Cir.1998).\nChristians contends that he raised", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2255", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e7a8fa794b3f6a88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 2350, "end": 2357, "quote": "§ 2255.", "context": "e the original record, are more properly raised in a habeas corpus petition brought under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. See United States v. Santana, 150 F.3d 860, 863 (8th Cir.1998).\nChristians contends that he raised ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_153/section_2255/title28_sec2255_e94baa47a8c9/2255_federal_custody_remedies_on_motion_attacking_sentence_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4db38850b9894f57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 2388, "end": 2400, "quote": "150 F.3d 860", "context": "ly raised in a habeas corpus petition brought under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. See United States v. Santana, 150 F.3d 860, 863 (8th Cir.1998).\nChristians contends that he raised the ineffectiveness issue before the distri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "150 F.3d 860", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_150/0860_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a16ae163b649fe4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 2826, "end": 2838, "quote": "13 F.3d 1182", "context": ". We have distinguished between these two types of claims in the past, see United States v.. Klein, 13 F.3d 1182, 1185 (8th Cir.1994), and now find that Christians did not raise his Sixth Amendment claim before t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 F.3d 1182", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_13/1182_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "63c70ccf9cf5fc28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 3131, "end": 3143, "quote": "106 F.3d 236", "context": "rict court has fully developed a record on the ineffective counsel issue.” United States v. Reddix, 106 F.3d 236, 238 (8th Cir.1997). In such situations, we have on occasion considered ineffective assistance clai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 F.3d 236", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_106/0236_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5c213efcffbdb93d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 3310, "end": 3313, "quote": "id.", "context": "dered ineffective assistance claims that were not technically raised before the district court. See id.; United States v. Jennings, 12 F.3d 836, 840 (8th Cir.1994). We do not find this to be such a case,", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df5ccb347edf9af4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 3342, "end": 3353, "quote": "12 F.3d 836", "context": "ims that were not technically raised before the district court. See id.; United States v. Jennings, 12 F.3d 836, 840 (8th Cir.1994). We do not find this to be such a case, however, because Christians’s trial cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 F.3d 836", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_12/0836_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a8cfaf97a0392e08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 3546, "end": 3559, "quote": "897 F.2d 1430", "context": "ial counsel has never had an opportunity to explain his actions. Compare United States v. Williams, 897 F.2d 1430, 1434-35 (8th Cir. 1990) (recognizing exception where district court had held post-trial evidentiar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "897 F.2d 1430", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_897/1430_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "34fb06cd6822da7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 3903, "end": 3918, "quote": "150 F.3d at 863", "context": "unsel claim is barred and must be brought, if at all, in a subsequent habeas petition. See Santana, 150 F.3d at 863.\nB.\nChristians next argues that the district court should have excluded certain testimony because o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "150 F.3d 860", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_150/0860_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "721e572bcd84e4e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 7184, "end": 7196, "quote": "519 U.S. 172", "context": "uilt on a ground different from proof specific to the offense charged.” Old Chief v. United States, 519 U.S. 172, 180, 117 S.Ct. 644, 136 L.Ed.2d 574 (1997). “The critical issue is the degree of unfairness of the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "519 U.S. 172", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_519/0172_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa97fa465ffd222d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 7203, "end": 7216, "quote": "117 S.Ct. 644", "context": "fferent from proof specific to the offense charged.” Old Chief v. United States, 519 U.S. 172, 180, 117 S.Ct. 644, 136 L.Ed.2d 574 (1997). “The critical issue is the degree of unfairness of the prejudicial evidenc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 644", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_519/0172_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d401b4de63f2e7df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 7218, "end": 7233, "quote": "136 L.Ed.2d 574", "context": "oof specific to the offense charged.” Old Chief v. United States, 519 U.S. 172, 180, 117 S.Ct. 644, 136 L.Ed.2d 574 (1997). “The critical issue is the degree of unfairness of the prejudicial evidence and whether it ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 L. Ed. 2d 574", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_519/0172_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "296348f5f6c8b706", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 7408, "end": 7420, "quote": "119 F.3d 637", "context": " evidence and whether it tends to support a decision on an improper basis.” United States v. Payne, 119 F.3d 637, 645 (8th Cir.), cert denied, 522 U.S. 987, 118 S.Ct. 454, 139 L.Ed.2d 389 (1997). “The district co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 F.3d 637", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_119/0637_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4403b28f1e896250", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 7451, "end": 7463, "quote": "522 U.S. 987", "context": " decision on an improper basis.” United States v. Payne, 119 F.3d 637, 645 (8th Cir.), cert denied, 522 U.S. 987, 118 S.Ct. 454, 139 L.Ed.2d 389 (1997). “The district court has broad discretion when weighing prob", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "522 U.S. 987", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3867017262d19499", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 7465, "end": 7478, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 454", "context": "n improper basis.” United States v. Payne, 119 F.3d 637, 645 (8th Cir.), cert denied, 522 U.S. 987, 118 S.Ct. 454, 139 L.Ed.2d 389 (1997). “The district court has broad discretion when weighing probative value aga", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 454", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e399cd5914d3422", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 7480, "end": 7495, "quote": "139 L.Ed.2d 389", "context": "s.” United States v. Payne, 119 F.3d 637, 645 (8th Cir.), cert denied, 522 U.S. 987, 118 S.Ct. 454, 139 L.Ed.2d 389 (1997). “The district court has broad discretion when weighing probative value against unfair preju", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 L. Ed. 2d 389", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8d868ac7689b12d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 7677, "end": 7690, "quote": "949 F.2d 1023", "context": "ainst unfair prejudice, and we will reverse only for abuse of discretion.” United States v. Sparks, 949 F.2d 1023, 1026 (8th Cir.1991).\nWe conclude that the danger of unfair prejudice from the testimony about Chri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "949 F.2d 1023", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_949/1023_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "baaa275d680f0c8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 8720, "end": 8736, "quote": "949 F.2d at 1026", "context": "ngly, we find no abuse of discretion in the decision to allow the challenged testimony. See Sparks, 949 F.2d at 1026.\nC.\nFinally, Christians argues that the government made an improper comment on his failure to testi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "949 F.2d 1023", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_949/1023_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b4463f7bea22766", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 9233, "end": 9243, "quote": "1 F.3d 691", "context": "atement, we review this claim for plain error only. See Fed.R.Crim.P. 52(b); United States v. Hale, 1 F.3d 691, 694 (8th Cir. 1993).\n“We reverse for prosecutorial misconduct only when the defendant can show tha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1 F.3d 691", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_1/0691_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "43cdf652f58e907b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 9527, "end": 9538, "quote": "49 F.3d 393", "context": " the defendant’s substantial rights so as to deprive him of a fair trial.” United States v. Malone, 49 F.3d 393, 398 (8th Cir.1995) (internal citation and quotation marks omitted). “Indirect comments on a defend", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 F.3d 393", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_49/0393_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a023fe60be34b15b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 9931, "end": 9943, "quote": "129 F.3d 989", "context": "nderstand the comments as highlighting the defendant’s failure to testify.” United States v. Moore, 129 F.3d 989, 993 (8th Cir.1997), cert. denied, 523 U.S. 1067, 118 S.Ct. 1402, 140 L.Ed.2d 659 (1998). In order ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 F.3d 989", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_129/0989_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f6f6d968eb59ccbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 9979, "end": 9992, "quote": "523 U.S. 1067", "context": "dant’s failure to testify.” United States v. Moore, 129 F.3d 989, 993 (8th Cir.1997), cert. denied, 523 U.S. 1067, 118 S.Ct. 1402, 140 L.Ed.2d 659 (1998). In order to determine whether a prosecutorial comment is i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "523 U.S. 1067", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/1067_06/index.html"]}
{"id": "d4d0b8e72a74dda3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 9994, "end": 10008, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 1402", "context": "to testify.” United States v. Moore, 129 F.3d 989, 993 (8th Cir.1997), cert. denied, 523 U.S. 1067, 118 S.Ct. 1402, 140 L.Ed.2d 659 (1998). In order to determine whether a prosecutorial comment is improper, we must", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 1402", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "833fc9e440858aba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 10010, "end": 10025, "quote": "140 L.Ed.2d 659", "context": "ted States v. Moore, 129 F.3d 989, 993 (8th Cir.1997), cert. denied, 523 U.S. 1067, 118 S.Ct. 1402, 140 L.Ed.2d 659 (1998). In order to determine whether a prosecutorial comment is improper, we must consider it “wit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 L. Ed. 2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a3cbc8c7208935a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 10190, "end": 10202, "quote": "984 F.2d 943", "context": " improper, we must consider it “within the context of the entire trial.” United States v. Eldridge, 984 F.2d 943, 946 (8th Cir.1993).\nThe comment to which Christians objects occurred in the following context:\nWe ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "984 F.2d 943", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_984/0943_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b239f1540667bd4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 10999, "end": 11014, "quote": "129 F.3d at 993", "context": "y in reference to the strength and clarity of the government’s evidence presented at trial.” Moore, 129 F.3d at 993. The jury was already aware that numerous details of Christians’s confession had been corroborated ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "129 F.3d 989", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_129/0989_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "88f17857632065a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 11255, "end": 11258, "quote": "id.", "context": "stances it was not improper for the prosecutor to characterize those details as uncontradicted. See id.\nThe judgment of conviction is affirmed.\n. The Honorable Rodney S. Webb, Chief Judge, United States ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "129 F.3d 989", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_129/0989_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "17b0266b8678dc57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 11759, "end": 11771, "quote": "507 U.S. 725", "context": "how that it was prejudicial, as is his burden under plain error review. See United States v. Olano, 507 U.S. 725, 734-35, 113 S.Ct. 1770, 123 L.Ed.2d 508 (1993).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "507 U.S. 725", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0725_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1fcc7abf7bcc0405", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 11781, "end": 11795, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 1770", "context": "icial, as is his burden under plain error review. See United States v. Olano, 507 U.S. 725, 734-35, 113 S.Ct. 1770, 123 L.Ed.2d 508 (1993).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 1770", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0725_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23fded23f21a154c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_200/1124_01/index.html", "start": 11797, "end": 11812, "quote": "123 L.Ed.2d 508", "context": " burden under plain error review. See United States v. Olano, 507 U.S. 725, 734-35, 113 S.Ct. 1770, 123 L.Ed.2d 508 (1993).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 L. Ed. 2d 508", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0725_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ec3935b37a15799", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 2014, "end": 2017, "quote": "Id.", "context": "her “own MD in North Carolina” or a followup with “Dr. Wall for recheck in 3-4 days if not better.” Id. Dr. Wall is a gynecologist who works at Prince William Hospital, but is not employed by EMA. The In", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4e83a160deb0a22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 2283, "end": 2286, "quote": "Id.", "context": "u follow up with the doctor listed above [i.e., her own doctor or Dr. Wall] for a re-examination. ” Id. (emphasis in the original).\nOn October 14, 1999, Castillo called the emergency department because h", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0dd6531c415baa2c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 4770, "end": 4782, "quote": "105 F.3d 188", "context": "istrict court’s grant of a motion for summary judgment de novo. See Stone v. Liberty Mut. Ins. Co., 105 F.3d 188, 191 (4th Cir.1997). To prevail on a motion for summary judgment, a party must show (1) there is no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 F.3d 188", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_105/0188_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "552097aa61cf81c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 4970, "end": 4980, "quote": "Id. at 190", "context": " there is no genuine issue of material fact; and (2) it is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Id. at 190. In reviewing the evidence, we draw all reasonable inferences in favor of Castillo, the non-moving ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "105 F.3d 188", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_105/0188_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "94b25a3f5f905ee3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 5120, "end": 5132, "quote": "276 F.3d 651", "context": " reasonable inferences in favor of Castillo, the non-moving party. Thompson v. Aluminum Co. of Am., 276 F.3d 651, 656 (4th Cir.2002).\nAs a federal court sitting in diversity, we interpret and apply the substantiv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "276 F.3d 651", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_276/0651_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5dc7186976f23fe1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 5305, "end": 5316, "quote": "304 U.S. 64", "context": "et and apply the substantive law of the state in which the action arose. Erie R.R. Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64, 78, 58 S.Ct. 817, 82 L.Ed. 1188 (1938). In this case, the Virginia statute of limitations applies.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "304 U.S. 64", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "211fb96ff5e4abd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 5322, "end": 5334, "quote": "58 S.Ct. 817", "context": "substantive law of the state in which the action arose. Erie R.R. Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64, 78, 58 S.Ct. 817, 82 L.Ed. 1188 (1938). In this case, the Virginia statute of limitations applies. See Rowland v. Pa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 S. Ct. 817", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc5d10c6b8ac91bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 5336, "end": 5349, "quote": "82 L.Ed. 1188", "context": "w of the state in which the action arose. Erie R.R. Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64, 78, 58 S.Ct. 817, 82 L.Ed. 1188 (1938). In this case, the Virginia statute of limitations applies. See Rowland v. Patterson, 852 F.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 L. Ed. 1188", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74af3365b8977761", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 5443, "end": 5455, "quote": "852 F.2d 108", "context": ". 1188 (1938). In this case, the Virginia statute of limitations applies. See Rowland v. Patterson, 852 F.2d 108, 110 (4th Cir.1988) (“Federal courts sitting in diversity generally apply state statutes of limitat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "852 F.2d 108", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_852/0108_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4da1028be9cb371e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 5779, "end": 5792, "quote": "§ 8.01-243(A)", "context": " of recovery ... shall be brought within two years after the cause of action accrues.” Va.Code Ann. § 8.01-243(A) (Michie 2003). Under Virginia law, the statute of limitations for personal injury begins to run whe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6881efea16838e64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 5985, "end": 5995, "quote": "§ 8.01-230", "context": "run when the wrong is committed, rather than on the date the injury is discovered. See Va.Code Ann. § 8.01-230 (Michie 2003)([T]he right of action shall be deemed to accrue and the prescribed limitation period ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ebd2ffdf125d347", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 6223, "end": 6233, "quote": "210 Va. 11", "context": "date the injury is sustained in the case of injury to the person-”); Caudill v. Wise Rambler, Inc., 210 Va. 11, 168 S.E.2d 257, 259-60 (1969) (finding that the right to recover damages for personal injuries acc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "210 Va. 11", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eec9be737c290b1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 6235, "end": 6249, "quote": "168 S.E.2d 257", "context": "ury is sustained in the case of injury to the person-”); Caudill v. Wise Rambler, Inc., 210 Va. 11, 168 S.E.2d 257, 259-60 (1969) (finding that the right to recover damages for personal injuries accrues at the time", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "168 S.E.2d 257", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "71eccb228d64e6d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 9975, "end": 9986, "quote": "219 Va. 969", "context": "ially uninterrupted course of examination and treatment” for a particular ailment. Farley v. Goode, 219 Va. 969, 252 S.E.2d 594, 599 (1979). In order for the continuing treatment doctrine to apply, a physician-p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "219 Va. 969", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db65b9c74e2dcf09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 9988, "end": 10002, "quote": "252 S.E.2d 594", "context": "rupted course of examination and treatment” for a particular ailment. Farley v. Goode, 219 Va. 969, 252 S.E.2d 594, 599 (1979). In order for the continuing treatment doctrine to apply, a physician-patient relations", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "252 S.E.2d 594", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b35c5c82f73544ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 10170, "end": 10181, "quote": "235 Va. 607", "context": "y, a physician-patient relationship . must exist over the course of treatment. See Grubbs v. Rawls, 235 Va. 607, 369 S.E.2d 683, 686 (1988)(“Part of our rationale in Farley was that as long as the physician-pati", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "235 Va. 607", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3894294ecbb70e53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 10183, "end": 10197, "quote": "369 S.E.2d 683", "context": "n-patient relationship . must exist over the course of treatment. See Grubbs v. Rawls, 235 Va. 607, 369 S.E.2d 683, 686 (1988)(“Part of our rationale in Farley was that as long as the physician-patient relationship", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "369 S.E.2d 683", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "893dd12333813ea2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 11158, "end": 11169, "quote": "58 F.3d 971", "context": "w after giving proper regard to relevant rulings of other courts of the State.” Barnes v. Thompson, 58 F.3d 971, 982 (4th Cir.1995) (internal quotation omitted). We therefore turn to a consideration of relevant ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 F.3d 971", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_58/0971_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f78e79da53e678f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 11534, "end": 11545, "quote": "218 Va. 630", "context": " consensual transaction, a contract, express or implied, general or special.... ” Lyons v. Grether, 218 Va. 630, 239 S.E.2d 103, 105 (Va. 1977) (citation omitted). The physician-patient relationship generally ex", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "218 Va. 630", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b994bfcbb960e322", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 11547, "end": 11561, "quote": "239 S.E.2d 103", "context": "ransaction, a contract, express or implied, general or special.... ” Lyons v. Grether, 218 Va. 630, 239 S.E.2d 103, 105 (Va. 1977) (citation omitted). The physician-patient relationship generally exists between an ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "239 S.E.2d 103", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72c1cd775d202f8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 11825, "end": 11828, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ent entrusts his or her care to a physician and the physician accepts responsibility for that care. Id.\nWhen an individual is treated by more than one physician for the same ailment, that individual has ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "239 S.E.2d 103", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9f2ad6d5c35729d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 12104, "end": 12119, "quote": "55 Va. Cir. 387", "context": "uing treatment doctrine applies separately to treatment by each physician. See Hewlette v. Proffer, 55 Va. Cir. 387, 389-90 (2001) (“ Grubbs does not provide a separate standard for a ‘joint treatment’ situation; th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 Va. Cir. 387", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73f7d526e929c784", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 12588, "end": 12603, "quote": "38 Va. Cir. 324", "context": "ient relationship must be continuous as well. In Hollingsworth v. Shenandoah Medical Imaging, Inc., 38 Va. Cir. 324 (1996), a patient brought a medical malpractice action against individual physicians and a radiolog", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 Va. Cir. 324", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ec6b765f7a8894b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 13518, "end": 13528, "quote": "Id. at 333", "context": "e of treatment and held that both are requirements for the continuous treatment exception to apply.\nId. at 333 (citation omitted). It is important to note, however, that Virginia courts have found that treatmen", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "38 Va. Cir. 324", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3385409a2d81b5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 13947, "end": 13958, "quote": "238 Va. 178", "context": "tted the malpractice, continued to treat the patient for the same condition. See Justice v. Natvig, 238 Va. 178, 381 S.E.2d 8, 10 (1989) (finding that the continuing treatment doctrine applied even though there ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "238 Va. 178", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ef0c35249f08710", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 13960, "end": 13972, "quote": "381 S.E.2d 8", "context": "ractice, continued to treat the patient for the same condition. See Justice v. Natvig, 238 Va. 178, 381 S.E.2d 8, 10 (1989) (finding that the continuing treatment doctrine applied even though there had been eight", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "381 S.E.2d 8", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "327cf3eb9b962bdd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 14767, "end": 14776, "quote": "257 Va. 1", "context": "nd organizational health care providers. See Pulliam v. Coastal Emergency Servs. of Richmond, Inc., 257 Va. 1, 509 S.E.2d 307, 320 (1999)(finding that a corporation created to provide emergency physicians to s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "257 Va. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f77eb6789f5ce130", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 14778, "end": 14792, "quote": "509 S.E.2d 307", "context": "tional health care providers. See Pulliam v. Coastal Emergency Servs. of Richmond, Inc., 257 Va. 1, 509 S.E.2d 307, 320 (1999)(finding that a corporation created to provide emergency physicians to staff emergency d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "509 S.E.2d 307", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0119027e5df7710", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 14957, "end": 14973, "quote": "§ 8.01-581.1(vi)", "context": "ncy physicians to staff emergency departments was a health care provider as defined by Va.Code Ann. § 8.01-581.1(vi)). Further, the Virginia Supreme Court has found that a physician-patient relationship can exist bet", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f1bf9cfefa7534fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 15168, "end": 15187, "quote": "section 8.01-581.1.", "context": "t between an individual and a professional corporation that is a health care provider as defined by section 8.01-581.1. See Didato v. Strehler, 262 Va. 617, 554 S.E.2d 42, 46 (2001), (finding that where the plaintiffs e", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2768e2154a4bc552", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 15212, "end": 15223, "quote": "262 Va. 617", "context": "orporation that is a health care provider as defined by section 8.01-581.1. See Didato v. Strehler, 262 Va. 617, 554 S.E.2d 42, 46 (2001), (finding that where the plaintiffs engaged a professional corporation “t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "262 Va. 617", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e1a0aa4021789998", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 15225, "end": 15238, "quote": "554 S.E.2d 42", "context": "at is a health care provider as defined by section 8.01-581.1. See Didato v. Strehler, 262 Va. 617, 554 S.E.2d 42, 46 (2001), (finding that where the plaintiffs engaged a professional corporation “to provide all h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "554 S.E.2d 42", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "611a6590361f82a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 18562, "end": 18565, "quote": "Id.", "context": "urther stated that she “should return immediately to the nearest emergency room for any emergency.” Id. (emphasis added). Castillo could have no reasonable expectation of an ongoing physician-patient rel", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "554 S.E.2d 42", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d7568eabc4c2e3b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 19319, "end": 19334, "quote": "34 Va. Cir. 336", "context": "so providing continuing care to the patient after the patient leaves the hospital.\nPidgeon v. Wake, 34 Va. Cir. 336, 341 (1994) (citation omitted). While there were three discrete instances with respect to which EMA", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 Va. Cir. 336", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88e409e7725d3205", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 19859, "end": 19873, "quote": "40 Va. Cir. 13", "context": " treatment doctrine.\nVirginia’s circuit courts have reached similar decisions. In Merritt v. Clark, 40 Va. Cir. 13 (1995), the circuit court found that examinations by two different emergency room doctors, both emp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 Va. Cir. 13", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ca639f3172773ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 20607, "end": 20617, "quote": "Id. at 341", "context": " that an emergency room physician is employed to provide emergency care, and “not continuing care.” Id. at 341. Relying on these cases, the district court gave proper regard to the relevant rulings of the Virgi", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73178496fdbf96e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 22864, "end": 22876, "quote": "§ 8.01-581.1", "context": "nistration of intravenous antibiotics in the emergency services department.\nJ.A. 98.\n. Va.Code Ann. § 8.01-581.1 (Michie 2003) (\" 'Health care provider’ means (i) a person, corporation, facility or institution li", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "227f38861201c960", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 23344, "end": 23347, "quote": "id.", "context": " provider and which primarily renders health care services. ...”).\n. See J.A. 29, Answer ¶ 3.\n. See id.\n. The dissent construes the Emergency Services Department Discharge Instructions as having \"instruc", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5bd39b6d62e77e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 23567, "end": 23573, "quote": "supra,", "context": "rn for follow up care....” Post at 653. This is a mischaracterization of the Instructions.\nAs noted supra, the Instructions direct Castillo to first seek follow up care from her \"own MD in North Carolina” o", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f594f8090a06f849", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 24020, "end": 24023, "quote": "Id.", "context": "or[s],” do the Instructions state that Castillo should return to the Emergency Services Department. Id. It could not be clearer from the Instructions that returning to Emergency Services is provided as t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b28d534c64712267", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 24514, "end": 24517, "quote": "Id.", "context": " on an emergency basis. It is not intended to be a substitute for comprehensive medical attention.” Id.; supra. Read as a whole, the Instructions clearly inform Castillo that she received solely emergenc", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27d419bd5fd8f523", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 24519, "end": 24525, "quote": "supra.", "context": "n emergency basis. It is not intended to be a substitute for comprehensive medical attention.” Id.; supra. Read as a whole, the Instructions clearly inform Castillo that she received solely emergency care, ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6e31a95cf74c16e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 25317, "end": 25335, "quote": "34 Va. Cir. at 341", "context": "y room physician is \"employed to provide emergency room services to patients, not continuing care.” 34 Va. Cir. at 341.\nFurther, we do not agree that Merritt in inapplicable. It is true, as the dissent points out, that", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "34 Va. Cir. 336", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b796bcfce6da4ed6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 26339, "end": 26356, "quote": "40 Va. Cir. at 15", "context": "d, the Court holds these facts insufficient to prove the continuing treatment doctrine applicable.” 40 Va. Cir. at 15.\nGREGORY, Circuit Judge,\ndissenting:\nThe majority holds that Castillo was not entitled, as a matter", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "40 Va. Cir. 13", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01392651bde3f65f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 26700, "end": 26714, "quote": "40 Va. Cir. 13", "context": ". I respectfully dissent from this holding for two reasons. First, I believe that Merritt v. Clark, 40 Va. Cir. 13 (1995), 1995 WL 17015552, at *1, the case upon which the majority relies to reach this holding, is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 Va. Cir. 13", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68f1bc08fce3c4ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 26723, "end": 26739, "quote": "1995 WL 17015552", "context": "t from this holding for two reasons. First, I believe that Merritt v. Clark, 40 Va. Cir. 13 (1995), 1995 WL 17015552, at *1, the case upon which the majority relies to reach this holding, is factually distinguishable", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1995 WL 17015552", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5bda00f80c4c7b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 27457, "end": 27466, "quote": "Id. at *1", "context": "hat same day, Stansel was discharged from the hospital “by order of her regular doctor, Dr. Clark.” Id. at *1. Stansel, however, returned to the hospital on December 4, 1992, again complaining of chest pains, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ff62e2a38b79ffe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 28375, "end": 28384, "quote": "Id. at *2", "context": "ons.... Neither [of whom were] the patient’s regular practitioner, nor were the visits continuous.” Id. at *2 (emphasis added).\nStansel’s visits to the emergency room on November 30 and December 4, 1992 were n", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c098d02359cf6b9f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 29110, "end": 29125, "quote": "34 Va. Cir. 336", "context": "ations are assumed by the patient’s treating physician.... ” Ante, at 651 (quoting Pidgeon v. Wake, 34 Va. Cir. 336, 341 (1994)).\nThe facts of the instant case are quite different from those in Merritt. Upon being r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "34 Va. Cir. 336", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fa4cf4d28838d584", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 29874, "end": 29879, "quote": "Ibid.", "context": "a” or to a Prince William Hospital gynecologist, Dr. Wall, for “recheck in 3-4 days if not better.” Ibid.\nThe majority concedes that Castillo called the Prince William Hospital emergency department on Octo", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "34 Va. Cir. 336", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "740f54b249d7b8d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_372/0643_01/index.html", "start": 30063, "end": 30068, "quote": "Ibid.", "context": "partment on October 14, 1999, not for emergency care, but “because her condition had not improved.” Ibid. During that phone call, Castillo attempted to reach Dr. Wall, as instructed by her October 10, 1999", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "34 Va. Cir. 336", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "903f6138468adcc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 519, "end": 534, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 894", "context": "y to use extortionate means to collect and attempt to collect extensions of credit, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 894(a), and two counts of using extortionate means to collect and attempt to collect extensions of cred", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 894", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_894/title18_sec894_a4acb3e481ff/894_collection_of_extensions_of_credit_by_extortionate_means_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c45ef938b3b11bf8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 529, "end": 537, "quote": "§ 894(a)", "context": "xtortionate means to collect and attempt to collect extensions of credit, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 894(a), and two counts of using extortionate means to collect and attempt to collect extensions of credit,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_894/title18_sec894_a4acb3e481ff/894_collection_of_extensions_of_credit_by_extortionate_means_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ed5f4a13fe9550c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 659, "end": 667, "quote": "§ 894(a)", "context": "ing extortionate means to collect and attempt to collect extensions of credit, also in violation of § 894(a). In August 2002, a jury convicted Chen on all three counts of the indictment; Sun was convicted on ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08822b1cc1d10294", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 1833, "end": 1848, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 894", "context": "tment handed down against Chen and Sun alleged, as against each, one count of conspiracy to violate 18 U.S.C. § 894(a)(1) and two counts of substantive violations of that statute. Section 894(a)(1) prohibits “the us", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 894", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_894/title18_sec894_a4acb3e481ff/894_collection_of_extensions_of_credit_by_extortionate_means_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "80d7ae1c04f8c39f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 1843, "end": 1854, "quote": "§ 894(a)(1)", "context": "ed down against Chen and Sun alleged, as against each, one count of conspiracy to violate 18 U.S.C. § 894(a)(1) and two counts of substantive violations of that statute. Section 894(a)(1) prohibits “the use of a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_894/title18_sec894_a4acb3e481ff/894_collection_of_extensions_of_credit_by_extortionate_means_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f98fb13594a2cf0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 1913, "end": 1930, "quote": "Section 894(a)(1)", "context": "nspiracy to violate 18 U.S.C. § 894(a)(1) and two counts of substantive violations of that statute. Section 894(a)(1) prohibits “the use of any extortionate means ... to collect or attempt to collect any extension of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c6d2dacd5826efa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 2247, "end": 2250, "quote": "Id.", "context": "olence or other criminal means to cause harm to the person, reputation, or property of any person.” Id. § 891(7). “To collect an extension of credit means to induce in any way any person to make repaymen", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01badf260741c527", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 2251, "end": 2259, "quote": "§ 891(7)", "context": "ce or other criminal means to cause harm to the person, reputation, or property of any person.” Id. § 891(7). “To collect an extension of credit means to induce in any way any person to make repayment thereof", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8adb549eb5793d3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 2365, "end": 2373, "quote": "§ 891(5)", "context": "collect an extension of credit means to induce in any way any person to make repayment thereof.” Id § 891(5).\nCount one of the indictment, the conspiracy charge, alleged a conspiracy to use extortionate means", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b7328c3eb4705806", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 14117, "end": 14132, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 894", "context": "e incident at the Flushing bakery are “extortionate means” of collecting extensions of credit under 18 U.S.C. § 894. However, he claims that because these incidents and the loans associated with them took place in N", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 894", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_894/title18_sec894_a4acb3e481ff/894_collection_of_extensions_of_credit_by_extortionate_means_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "b0a5fc773f4ee3ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 14127, "end": 14133, "quote": "§ 894.", "context": " at the Flushing bakery are “extortionate means” of collecting extensions of credit under 18 U.S.C. § 894. However, he claims that because these incidents and the loans associated with them took place in Ne", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_894/title18_sec894_a4acb3e481ff/894_collection_of_extensions_of_credit_by_extortionate_means_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "afddcdebaa34cf2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 14619, "end": 14634, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 894", "context": " not outstanding or at the time an extension of credit was made does not fall within the purview of 18 U.S.C. § 894, which requires a threat to occur contemporaneously with the collection of a loan. In addition, Che", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 894", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_894/title18_sec894_a4acb3e481ff/894_collection_of_extensions_of_credit_by_extortionate_means_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4d016812cdea501e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 15789, "end": 15801, "quote": "443 U.S. 307", "context": "uld have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.” Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979); United States v. Thorn, 317 F.3d 107, 132 (2d Cir.2003)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "443 U.S. 307", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14922143355e5150", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 15808, "end": 15821, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 2781", "context": "essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.” Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979); United States v. Thorn, 317 F.3d 107, 132 (2d Cir.2003). In doing so, we co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 2781", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37922ad9c0c660e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 15823, "end": 15837, "quote": "61 L.Ed.2d 560", "context": "nts of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.” Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979); United States v. Thorn, 317 F.3d 107, 132 (2d Cir.2003). In doing so, we consider the evide", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 L. Ed. 2d 560", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7cab94bd2b0d4a3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 15870, "end": 15882, "quote": "317 F.3d 107", "context": "ckson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979); United States v. Thorn, 317 F.3d 107, 132 (2d Cir.2003). In doing so, we consider the evidence presented at trial in the light most favo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "317 F.3d 107", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_317/0107_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83308e7dc98f5b64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 16070, "end": 16085, "quote": "317 F.3d at 132", "context": "ht most favorable to the government, crediting all inferences in the government’s favor. See Thorn, 317 F.3d at 132; United States v. Jackson, 335 F.3d 170, 180 (2d Cir.2003). Defendants’ burden is therefore a heavy", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "317 F.3d 107", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_317/0107_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "72ba9492318db14c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 16113, "end": 16125, "quote": "335 F.3d 170", "context": "ing all inferences in the government’s favor. See Thorn, 317 F.3d at 132; United States v. Jackson, 335 F.3d 170, 180 (2d Cir.2003). Defendants’ burden is therefore a heavy one, since a court may grant a judgment", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "335 F.3d 170", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_335/0170_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "561cc97bdc60612b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 16369, "end": 16381, "quote": "183 F.3d 122", "context": " defendant committed the crime alleged [was] nonexistent or ... meager.” United States v. Guadagna, 183 F.3d 122, 130 (2d Cir.1999) (internal citation and quotation marks omitted).\nA. Chen\n1. Whether venue was pr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "183 F.3d 122", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_183/0122_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a7e5165adcaf0dab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 17221, "end": 17231, "quote": "524 U.S. 1", "context": " the crime alleged and the location of the act or acts constituting it.” United States v. Cabrales, 524 U.S. 1, 5, 118 S.Ct. 1772, 141 L.Ed.2d 1 (1998) (internal citation and quotation marks omitted); United St", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "524 U.S. 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_524/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "09aeb22f687c2d1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 17236, "end": 17250, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 1772", "context": "ged and the location of the act or acts constituting it.” United States v. Cabrales, 524 U.S. 1, 5, 118 S.Ct. 1772, 141 L.Ed.2d 1 (1998) (internal citation and quotation marks omitted); United States v. Svoboda, 34", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 1772", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_524/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1bb138b5632ac3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 17252, "end": 17265, "quote": "141 L.Ed.2d 1", "context": "tion of the act or acts constituting it.” United States v. Cabrales, 524 U.S. 1, 5, 118 S.Ct. 1772, 141 L.Ed.2d 1 (1998) (internal citation and quotation marks omitted); United States v. Svoboda, 347 F.3d 471, 482", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "141 L. Ed. 2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "64abbc74f212d1e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 17348, "end": 17360, "quote": "347 F.3d 471", "context": "72, 141 L.Ed.2d 1 (1998) (internal citation and quotation marks omitted); United States v. Svoboda, 347 F.3d 471, 482-83 (2d Cir.2003). Moreover, “when a defendant is charged in more than one count, venue must be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "347 F.3d 471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_347/0471_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "be6ebad449132009", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 17521, "end": 17533, "quote": "198 F.3d 377", "context": "d in more than one count, venue must be proper with respect to each count.” United States v. Smith, 198 F.3d 377, 382 (2d Cir.1999) (hereinafter “United States v. Benny Smith” or “Benny Smith”) (internal citation", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "198 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0bb1513a6629f953", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 17816, "end": 17819, "quote": "Id.", "context": "the government therefore bears the burden of proving venue only by a preponderance of the evidence. Id.\nChen argues that with respect to the use of extortionate means to collect the debt from Inguan Teoh", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "198 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9506f52f87e37b1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 18337, "end": 18352, "quote": "198 F.3d at 377", "context": "n the Eastern District of New York. The government submits that under United States v. Benny Smith, 198 F.3d at 377, all of the loans and the threats made in connection with them constitute a continuing course of co", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "198 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "79667e0b7e54e2d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 18742, "end": 18757, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 894", "context": "ewhere.\nIn Benny Smith, the question was whether defendant’s acts in violation of the Hobbs Act and 18 U.S.C. § 894 in the Eastern District of New York were sufficient to establish venue in the Southern District of ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 894", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_894/title18_sec894_a4acb3e481ff/894_collection_of_extensions_of_credit_by_extortionate_means_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "30528a99606f815f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 19119, "end": 19134, "quote": "section 3237(a)", "context": "the Hobbs Act and loansharking offenses were “not unitary but instead spanned space or time so that section 3237(a) applied.” 198 F.3d at 385 (internal quotations omitted). That section provides, “[e]xcept as otherw", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c163ec5cc31aed3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 19145, "end": 19160, "quote": "198 F.3d at 385", "context": "king offenses were “not unitary but instead spanned space or time so that section 3237(a) applied.” 198 F.3d at 385 (internal quotations omitted). That section provides, “[e]xcept as otherwise expressly provided ...", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "198 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "beb9aa17f54f6136", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 19484, "end": 19500, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3237", "context": "t, may be ... prosecuted in any district in which such offense was begun, continued, or completed.” 18 U.S.C. § 3237(a). The majority concluded that the government met its burden of proving venue in the Southern Dist", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3237", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "700ed9082e244e12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 19494, "end": 19503, "quote": "§ 3237(a)", "context": "... prosecuted in any district in which such offense was begun, continued, or completed.” 18 U.S.C. § 3237(a). The majority concluded that the government met its burden of proving venue in the Southern Distric", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b231e960a118dd2e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 19799, "end": 19814, "quote": "198 F.3d at 385", "context": " defendant’s associate from Manhattan were “integral parts of the extortionate collection process.” 198 F.3d at 385.\nOur case is an easier one than Benny Smith. Unlike the situation in Benny Smith, we do not have to", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "198 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eec6752a81d18f35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 20285, "end": 20295, "quote": "Id. at 385", "context": ", and the effort to collect constitute a “scheme” that justifies venue in more than one “location.” Id. at 385. In our case, we need only look at the one loan — the fourth loan to Teoh — associated with the ult", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "198 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2ae6a4f73e97929a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 21132, "end": 21148, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3237", "context": "nued, or completed” in the District of Connecticut, venue in the District of Connecticut is proper. 18 U.S.C. § 3237(a). In this context, we believe the “beginning” of an extortionate collection for venue purposes ma", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3237", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68760cead950d707", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 21142, "end": 21151, "quote": "§ 3237(a)", "context": "ompleted” in the District of Connecticut, venue in the District of Connecticut is proper. 18 U.S.C. § 3237(a). In this context, we believe the “beginning” of an extortionate collection for venue purposes may b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4b80f32a1ae97cd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 21492, "end": 21507, "quote": "198 F.3d at 385", "context": "ion are, as the majority in Benny Smith put it, “integral” to the ultimate extortionate collection. 198 F.3d at 385. The government provided sufficient evidence to prove by a preponderance that the extortionate acts", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "198 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "778f04620061762d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 22198, "end": 22203, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "her these comments established venue because, as explained below, the record evidence can sustain a § 894 conviction against Chen without reliance on the Melaka conversation with Hsu.\n2. Whether the eviden", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "532994c97c36b55b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 22390, "end": 22407, "quote": "Section 894(a)(1)", "context": "er the evidence was sufficient to show extortionate means were used to collect extensions of credit\nSection 894(a)(1) specifically prohibits the use of any extortionate means “to collect or attempt to collect any exte", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bc853e8097ee7d6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 22555, "end": 22566, "quote": "§ 894(a)(1)", "context": "ate means “to collect or attempt to collect any extension of credit.” Thus, the crime proscribed by § 894(a)(1) requires the government to prove that: (1) there was principal or interest outstanding on the loans", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b6c293c95a4fd98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 22839, "end": 22852, "quote": "526 F.2d 1160", "context": " and (3) the defendants employed extortionate means to collect the same. United States v. Na- tale, 526 F.2d 1160, 1166 (2d Cir.1975). In other words, a case dealing with a § 894 offense must involve some affirmat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "526 F.2d 1160", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_526/1160_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "560ca0fc36144b44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 22912, "end": 22917, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "United States v. Na- tale, 526 F.2d 1160, 1166 (2d Cir.1975). In other words, a case dealing with a § 894 offense must involve some affirmative act directed towards collection of a loan to substantiate the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb123855119ae4a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 23055, "end": 23067, "quote": "47 F.3d 1237", "context": " act directed towards collection of a loan to substantiate the charge. See United States v. Scotti, 47 F.3d 1237, 1243 (2d Cir.1995).\nThis does not mean that, to constitute a violation of § 894, an extortionate t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "47 F.3d 1237", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_47/1237_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "91c2e47f5d8dd23e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 23143, "end": 23148, "quote": "§ 894", "context": " v. Scotti, 47 F.3d 1237, 1243 (2d Cir.1995).\nThis does not mean that, to constitute a violation of § 894, an extortionate threat is necessary at the time of each and every collection. In United States v. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb95314c97cf3262", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 23255, "end": 23268, "quote": "464 F.2d 1129", "context": "tortionate threat is necessary at the time of each and every collection. In United States v. Smith, 464 F.2d 1129, 1134 (2d Cir.1972) (hereinafter “United States v. Smith” or “Smith”), we decided whether threats m", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "464 F.2d 1129", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_464/1129_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad485e989d42ae1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 23414, "end": 23419, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "es v. Smith” or “Smith”), we decided whether threats made to collect a loan before the enactment of § 894 could be used to establish that post-enactment payments were motivated by the use of extortionate m", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14fa05b1c84ffb1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 23574, "end": 23580, "quote": "§ 894.", "context": "s were motivated by the use of extortionate means to collect an extension of credit in violation of § 894. In that case, we specifically “refuse[d] to read [§] 894 as requiring that each collection be accom", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87b40f34544fea91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 23630, "end": 23633, "quote": "[§]", "context": "lect an extension of credit in violation of § 894. In that case, we specifically “refuse[d] to read [§] 894 as requiring that each collection be accompanied by an overt threat.” Id. In Smith, the victims", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cdbe84c868848794", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 23708, "end": 23711, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ly “refuse[d] to read [§] 894 as requiring that each collection be accompanied by an overt threat.” Id. In Smith, the victims took out a loan that was to be repaid weekly. Before enactment of § 894, the ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1844aaaf47e209d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 23800, "end": 23805, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "hreat.” Id. In Smith, the victims took out a loan that was to be repaid weekly. Before enactment of § 894, the defendants threatened to burn down the victims’ home and business if they did not repay the lo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c2f7e8105fc36d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 24402, "end": 24413, "quote": "Id. at 1135", "context": "p. The subsequent collections cannot be viewed in isolation as separate or unrelated transactions.” Id. at 1135 (citation omitted).\nAs already indicated, Chen admits that the incidents at the Melaka restaurant a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9403d77e9b5f1a9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 24775, "end": 24781, "quote": "§ 894.", "context": "need not consider further whether the threats Chen made when he extended the loans to Teoh violated § 894. However, we must determine whether the conduct alleged in count three of the indictment (involving ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ddb4421e3002a2db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 24900, "end": 24905, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "etermine whether the conduct alleged in count three of the indictment (involving Hsu) constituted a § 894 violation. Specifically, we must consider whether (1) the comments Chen made to Hsu about the Melak", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27c78be9a1af461d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 25328, "end": 25333, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "gues that because there was no outstanding loan at the time he made those comments, there can be no § 894 violation. The government contends, however, that the series of loans that Hsu took from Chen must ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a8f034a89bb378cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 26010, "end": 26015, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "overing” occurred, if any rational juror could find that such hovering constituted a threat, Chen’s § 894 conviction on count three could be sustained. Chen argues that because Hsu testified that he was no", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "278897c761bedad7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 26349, "end": 26366, "quote": "283 F.Supp.2d 664", "context": "re a judgment of acquittal, as the jury could have disbelieved the denials.” United States v. Chen, 283 F.Supp.2d 664, 672 (D.Conn.2003). The jury saw videotape of the “hovering” behavior, and Hsu testified that Chen ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "283 F. Supp. 2d 664", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_283/0664_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "17fc5f6d53db34db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 27348, "end": 27354, "quote": "§ 894.", "context": " Hsu pay back his loans immediately after winning at the gambling tables constituted a violation of § 894.\n3. Whether the district court abused its discretion in denying a bill of particulars\nIn the distric", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49909d082834bebc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 28475, "end": 28486, "quote": "194 F.3d 37", "context": "district court’s denial of most of Chen’s motion for a bill of particulars. United States v. Walsh, 194 F.3d 37, 47 (2d Cir.1999); United States v. Barnes, 158 F.3d 662, 665-66 (2d Cir.1998). “A bill of particul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "194 F.3d 37", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_194/0037_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c20bb96ab7aa3166", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 28531, "end": 28543, "quote": "158 F.3d 662", "context": "ill of particulars. United States v. Walsh, 194 F.3d 37, 47 (2d Cir.1999); United States v. Barnes, 158 F.3d 662, 665-66 (2d Cir.1998). “A bill of particulars is required ‘only where the charges of the indictment", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "158 F.3d 662", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_158/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "016d79b80945f26d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 28752, "end": 28764, "quote": "194 F.3d at ", "context": "eneral that they do not advise the defendant of the specific acts of which he is accused.’ ” Walsh, 194 F.3d at 47 (quoting United States v. Torres, 901 F.2d 205, 234 (2d Cir.1990)). Moreover, “a bill of particul", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "194 F.3d 37", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_194/0037_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4366a1aede2f7022", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 28801, "end": 28813, "quote": "901 F.2d 205", "context": "he specific acts of which he is accused.’ ” Walsh, 194 F.3d at 47 (quoting United States v. Torres, 901 F.2d 205, 234 (2d Cir.1990)). Moreover, “a bill of particulars is not necessary where the government has mad", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "901 F.2d 205", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_901/0205_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "649eb3b2ee8fa2fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 28993, "end": 28996, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e government has made sufficient disclosures concerning its evidence and witnesses by other means.” Id.\nThe indictment in this case included the nature of the charges and provided a time frame and locati", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "901 F.2d 205", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_901/0205_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4074adeef9c0fe09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 30352, "end": 30370, "quote": "158 F.3d at 665-66", "context": "tion. In these circumstances, we cannot hold that Chen was unfairly surprised at trial. See Barnes, 158 F.3d at 665-66. The district court therefore did not abuse its discretion in denying Chen a bill of particulars sp", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "158 F.3d 662", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_158/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a7a5c2d2f5e8d7a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 30962, "end": 30977, "quote": "47 F.3d at 1243", "context": "e government presented no evidence that Sun actually threatened anyone. In United States v. Scotti, 47 F.3d at 1243, we acknowledged that the “substantive offense of § 894(a)(1) requires that the accused participate", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "47 F.3d 1237", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_47/1237_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68cdc0875e676605", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 31028, "end": 31039, "quote": "§ 894(a)(1)", "context": "yone. In United States v. Scotti, 47 F.3d at 1243, we acknowledged that the “substantive offense of § 894(a)(1) requires that the accused participate in the extortion by some affirmative act.” Thus, we held that", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dee026e83ba3ab58", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 31174, "end": 31185, "quote": "§ 894(a)(1)", "context": "ate in the extortion by some affirmative act.” Thus, we held that in order to incur liability under § 894(a)(1), “the defendant must play some role in the extortion itself,” rather than “merely facilitate the co", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d0b4fb9b2c955e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 31332, "end": 31335, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ortion itself,” rather than “merely facilitate the collection of funds knowing extortion is afoot.” Id. Applying that test, a rational juror could conclude from the evidence in this case that Sun did mor", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ba5a9cf1614b836", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 32040, "end": 32055, "quote": "198 F.3d at 386", "context": " knowingly participated in the extortionate attempt to collect the debt from Teoh. See Benny Smith, 198 F.3d at 386.\n2. Whether acquittal on count three requires acquittal on count one, the conspiracy count\nSun also", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "198 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9873a3a9efac044f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 32659, "end": 32669, "quote": "456 F.2d 9", "context": "rge is identical [to] that required to convict on the conspiracy count.” United States v. Palmieri, 456 F.2d 9, 12 (2d Cir.1972) (internal citation and quotation marks omitted). Here, even if the jury believed ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "456 F.2d 9", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_456/0009_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8b4536c8c49df03e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 34531, "end": 34546, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 891", "context": "the district court.\n. An “extension of credit” includes what would ordinarily be called a loan. See 18 U.S.C. § 891(1).\n. The district court sentenced Chen to 57 months imprisonment and Sun to 33 months imprisonment", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 891", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d06b7dfbe0a8bf5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 34541, "end": 34549, "quote": "§ 891(1)", "context": "ct court.\n. An “extension of credit” includes what would ordinarily be called a loan. See 18 U.S.C. § 891(1).\n. The district court sentenced Chen to 57 months imprisonment and Sun to 33 months imprisonment. T", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd20c25da8ed003b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 34719, "end": 34726, "quote": "§ 2E2.1", "context": "n to 33 months imprisonment. These sentences are within the guidelines range proscribed by U.S.S.G. § 2E2.1 (collection of credit by extortionate means) and U.S.S.G. § 2X1.1 (conspiracy).\n. Chen argues that ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ca3fd401b7f9a955", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 34785, "end": 34792, "quote": "§ 2X1.1", "context": "ines range proscribed by U.S.S.G. § 2E2.1 (collection of credit by extortionate means) and U.S.S.G. § 2X1.1 (conspiracy).\n. Chen argues that a threat made at the time credit was extended falls under 18 U.S.C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8f8be5545ce2071", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 34884, "end": 34899, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 892", "context": " § 2X1.1 (conspiracy).\n. Chen argues that a threat made at the time credit was extended falls under 18 U.S.C. § 892, not § 894. Section 892 prohibits \"extortionate extensions of credit.”\n. As indicated above, Chen d", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 892", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_892/title18_sec892_7d11118cd962/892_making_extortionate_extensions_of_credit_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4db1fb97dc12365a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 34905, "end": 34911, "quote": "§ 894.", "context": ".\n. Chen argues that a threat made at the time credit was extended falls under 18 U.S.C. § 892, not § 894. Section 892 prohibits \"extortionate extensions of credit.”\n. As indicated above, Chen does not chal", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c606c056ecdce99e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 34912, "end": 34923, "quote": "Section 892", "context": "n argues that a threat made at the time credit was extended falls under 18 U.S.C. § 892, not § 894. Section 892 prohibits \"extortionate extensions of credit.”\n. As indicated above, Chen does not challenge his co", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "783fdcf715c8f374", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 35139, "end": 35144, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "ion (count one).\n. Chen, in his brief, argues that the \"government misconstrued [Benny) Smith” as a § 894 case, when it was a Hobbs Act case. We disagree: Although Benny Smith does deal with Hobbs Act viol", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e9542a2f5e1f4f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 35331, "end": 35336, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "obbs Act violations, it also clearly deals with venue and continuing offenses within the context of § 894 violations. See Benny Smith, 198 F.3d at 385.\n. Chen also relies on our decision in United States v", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d68f63bf1bc48afb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 35366, "end": 35381, "quote": "198 F.3d at 385", "context": "y deals with venue and continuing offenses within the context of § 894 violations. See Benny Smith, 198 F.3d at 385.\n. Chen also relies on our decision in United States v. Allen, 127 F.3d 260 (2d Cir.1997) and the d", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "198 F.3d 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "42c2613717d5055d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 35445, "end": 35457, "quote": "127 F.3d 260", "context": "ns. See Benny Smith, 198 F.3d at 385.\n. Chen also relies on our decision in United States v. Allen, 127 F.3d 260 (2d Cir.1997) and the decision of the district court in New Jersey in United States v. Lore, 4 F.Su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 F.3d 260", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_127/0260_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e63a2ad0b06194ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 35551, "end": 35566, "quote": "4 F.Supp.2d 352", "context": "3d 260 (2d Cir.1997) and the decision of the district court in New Jersey in United States v. Lore, 4 F.Supp.2d 352 (D.N.J.1998) to argue that any threats made upon extension of the loan are covered by 18 U.S.C. § 8", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 F. Supp. 2d 352", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_4/0352_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "257cc03520848efe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 35653, "end": 35668, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 892", "context": "F.Supp.2d 352 (D.N.J.1998) to argue that any threats made upon extension of the loan are covered by 18 U.S.C. § 892, which prohibits extortionate extensions of credit, and do not fall within the purview of § 894, wh", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 892", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_892/title18_sec892_7d11118cd962/892_making_extortionate_extensions_of_credit_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "69550a3a48f0c2e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 35759, "end": 35764, "quote": "§ 894", "context": ".C. § 892, which prohibits extortionate extensions of credit, and do not fall within the purview of § 894, which covers the use of extortionate means to collect the loans. Chen therefore implies that any t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60b5a7eea4c960f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 36273, "end": 36278, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "made to collect that loan. Those threats by themselves are sufficient to sustain a conviction under § 894 on count two. As for the comments Chen made to Hsu about the Melaka restaurant, as we discuss herei", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6bc8f362bc1e0a91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 36680, "end": 36686, "quote": "§ 894.", "context": "ecisely in order to collect loans. This behavior therefore also clearly falls within the purview of § 894. Thus, neither Allen, which dealt with § 892 (not § 894), nor Lore is helpful.\n. At oral argument, S", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6abad7804060ded5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 36725, "end": 36730, "quote": "§ 892", "context": "ior therefore also clearly falls within the purview of § 894. Thus, neither Allen, which dealt with § 892 (not § 894), nor Lore is helpful.\n. At oral argument, Sun's attorney stated his belief that the vid", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0526fc98cc37c8aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 36736, "end": 36741, "quote": "§ 894", "context": "re also clearly falls within the purview of § 894. Thus, neither Allen, which dealt with § 892 (not § 894), nor Lore is helpful.\n. At oral argument, Sun's attorney stated his belief that the videotape evid", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ea071c9e89524de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_378/0151_01/index.html", "start": 37266, "end": 37278, "quote": "303 F.3d 458", "context": " event, this claim was not presented to us in any of the briefs. See Sioson v. Knights of Columbus, 303 F.3d 458, 460 (2d Cir.2002) (per curiam) (the court does not ordinarily consider issues not adequately raise", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "303 F.3d 458", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_303/0458_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "015ec5b3815b4b0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 703, "end": 718, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 104", "context": " Rivera for personal physical injuries and should therefore be excluded from his gross income under 26 U.S.C. § 104(a)(2); second, he argues that, even assuming the settlement proceeds represent lost wages, an award", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 104", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_1/section_104/title26_sec104_65ff3f872212/104_compensation_for_injuries_or_sickness_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9a0209ad3a69695e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 713, "end": 724, "quote": "§ 104(a)(2)", "context": "r personal physical injuries and should therefore be excluded from his gross income under 26 U.S.C. § 104(a)(2); second, he argues that, even assuming the settlement proceeds represent lost wages, an award of ba", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_1/section_104/title26_sec104_65ff3f872212/104_compensation_for_injuries_or_sickness_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a62f0019d9afbad9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 837, "end": 846, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "argues that, even assuming the settlement proceeds represent lost wages, an award of back pay under Title VII is not subject to income tax withholding.\nWe conclude that the district court did not clearly err i", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ffcb256e4986102", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 1714, "end": 1731, "quote": "42 U.S.C. §§ 1981", "context": " Baker; and (3) that his employer subsequently provided unfavorable references, all in violation of 42 U.S.C. §§ 1981, 1983, 1986, 2000e-2, 2000e-3, and 2000e-16. The parties appeared before a magistrate judge for a s", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. §§ 1981", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_1981/title42_sec1981_b68fdd59ea50/1981_equal_rights_under_the_law_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "13c8734f3020ee01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 3390, "end": 3402, "quote": "318 F.3d 924", "context": "eal followed.\nII. STANDARD OF REVIEW\nWe review questions of law de novo, Milenbach v. Commissioner, 318 F.3d 924, 930 (9th Cir.2003), and review findings of fact for clear error, Nunes v. Mueller, 350 F.3d 1045, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "318 F.3d 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_318/0924_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bc329e7cb16f63c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 3487, "end": 3500, "quote": "350 F.3d 1045", "context": "r, 318 F.3d 924, 930 (9th Cir.2003), and review findings of fact for clear error, Nunes v. Mueller, 350 F.3d 1045, 1051 (9th Cir.2003).\nIII. DISCUSSION\nRivera makes two principal arguments: (1) that the district c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "350 F.3d 1045", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_350/0993_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2c58eedf278b9a67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 3857, "end": 3866, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "result of Baker’s conduct, and (2) that the district court erred because lost wages recovered under Title VII are not subject to income tax withholding. We discuss each in turn.\nA. Classifying Settlement Proce", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f8afffff84928c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 4125, "end": 4139, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 61", "context": "e as “all income from whatever source derived,” except as excluded by other provisions of the Code. 26 U.S.C. § 61(a) (2004). Section 104(a)(2) provides an exclusion for “the amount of any damages (other than punit", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 61", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_1/section_61/title26_sec61_bcd7ff77d1ff/61_gross_income_defined_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ba9bc7f814c200c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 4135, "end": 4142, "quote": "§ 61(a)", "context": "income from whatever source derived,” except as excluded by other provisions of the Code. 26 U.S.C. § 61(a) (2004). Section 104(a)(2) provides an exclusion for “the amount of any damages (other than punitive", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_1/section_61/title26_sec61_bcd7ff77d1ff/61_gross_income_defined_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "072c85d8446ef04f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 4151, "end": 4168, "quote": "Section 104(a)(2)", "context": "ever source derived,” except as excluded by other provisions of the Code. 26 U.S.C. § 61(a) (2004). Section 104(a)(2) provides an exclusion for “the amount of any damages (other than punitive damages) received (whethe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b17247f796315f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 4405, "end": 4420, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 104", "context": " lump sums or as periodic payments) on account of personal physical injuries or physical sickness.” 26 U.S.C. § 104(a)(2) (emphasis added); see also 26 C.F.R. § 1.104-l(c). The italicized language of the § 104(a)(2)", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 104", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_1/section_104/title26_sec104_65ff3f872212/104_compensation_for_injuries_or_sickness_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "17cb31424972d61c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 4415, "end": 4426, "quote": "§ 104(a)(2)", "context": " or as periodic payments) on account of personal physical injuries or physical sickness.” 26 U.S.C. § 104(a)(2) (emphasis added); see also 26 C.F.R. § 1.104-l(c). The italicized language of the § 104(a)(2) exclu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_1/section_104/title26_sec104_65ff3f872212/104_compensation_for_injuries_or_sickness_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "955d3c78bfbc2646", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 4454, "end": 4477, "quote": "26 C.F.R. § 1.104-l(c).", "context": " personal physical injuries or physical sickness.” 26 U.S.C. § 104(a)(2) (emphasis added); see also 26 C.F.R. § 1.104-l(c). The italicized language of the § 104(a)(2) exclusion was added by the Small Business Job Protection", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f332944b78ac0c96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 4509, "end": 4520, "quote": "§ 104(a)(2)", "context": ".S.C. § 104(a)(2) (emphasis added); see also 26 C.F.R. § 1.104-l(c). The italicized language of the § 104(a)(2) exclusion was added by the Small Business Job Protection Act' of 1996, Pub.L. 104-188, § 1605, to m", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ecb3a99e37c51093", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 4592, "end": 4614, "quote": "Pub.L. 104-188, § 1605", "context": " language of the § 104(a)(2) exclusion was added by the Small Business Job Protection Act' of 1996, Pub.L. 104-188, § 1605, to make clear that only damages for physical injuries or sickness, and not damages for emotional d", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "Pub. L. 104-188, § 1605", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76a4cdec70caf3cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 4799, "end": 4811, "quote": "151 F.3d 855", "context": "for emotional distress, were excluded from the definition of income. See Mayberry v. United States, 151 F.3d 855, 858 n. 2 (8th Cir.1998). Prior to this amendment, the Supreme Court held in Commissioner v. Schlei", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 F.3d 855", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_151/0855_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1d4f7fdf69ba96ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 5032, "end": 5044, "quote": "515 U.S. 323", "context": "eeking to exclude money damages from income bears the burden of proving that the exclusion applies. 515 U.S. 323, 336-37, 115 S.Ct. 2159, 132 L.Ed.2d 294 (1995) (involving damages received pursuant to a settlemen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "515 U.S. 323", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0323_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2ce790c33b576f50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 5054, "end": 5068, "quote": "115 S.Ct. 2159", "context": "y damages from income bears the burden of proving that the exclusion applies. 515 U.S. 323, 336-37, 115 S.Ct. 2159, 132 L.Ed.2d 294 (1995) (involving damages received pursuant to a settlement agreement disposing of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 S. Ct. 2159", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0323_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "84f28244d4e5fa48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 5070, "end": 5085, "quote": "132 L.Ed.2d 294", "context": "ncome bears the burden of proving that the exclusion applies. 515 U.S. 323, 336-37, 115 S.Ct. 2159, 132 L.Ed.2d 294 (1995) (involving damages received pursuant to a settlement agreement disposing of the plaintiffs a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 L. Ed. 2d 294", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0323_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e13075bd68c0296c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 5373, "end": 5384, "quote": "§ 104(a)(2)", "context": "en of proof discussed in Schleier. Thus, in order for Rivera’s settlement proceeds to qualify for a § 104(a)(2) exclusion, he must show that: (1) “the underlying cause of action giving rise to the recovery is ‘b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21b5b71f66954dbb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 5639, "end": 5654, "quote": "515 U.S. at 337", "context": "ages were received ‘on account of personal [physical] injuries or [physical] sickness.’ ” Schleier, 515 U.S. at 337, 115 S.Ct. 2159 (alteration added) (quoting United States v. Burke, 504 U.S. 229, 234, 112 S.Ct. 18", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "515 U.S. 323", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0323_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9bb0ed2cff2085f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 5656, "end": 5670, "quote": "115 S.Ct. 2159", "context": "d ‘on account of personal [physical] injuries or [physical] sickness.’ ” Schleier, 515 U.S. at 337, 115 S.Ct. 2159 (alteration added) (quoting United States v. Burke, 504 U.S. 229, 234, 112 S.Ct. 1867, 119 L.Ed.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 S. Ct. 2159", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_515/0323_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "534466eabfc42872", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 5723, "end": 5735, "quote": "504 U.S. 229", "context": "s.’ ” Schleier, 515 U.S. at 337, 115 S.Ct. 2159 (alteration added) (quoting United States v. Burke, 504 U.S. 229, 234, 112 S.Ct. 1867, 119 L.Ed.2d 34 (1992)). We conclude that Rivera has failed to satisfy the sec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "504 U.S. 229", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0229_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "57ebe2ea29d21d03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 5742, "end": 5756, "quote": "112 S.Ct. 1867", "context": " U.S. at 337, 115 S.Ct. 2159 (alteration added) (quoting United States v. Burke, 504 U.S. 229, 234, 112 S.Ct. 1867, 119 L.Ed.2d 34 (1992)). We conclude that Rivera has failed to satisfy the second requirement, that", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 1867", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0229_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a03b224183e3fed1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 5758, "end": 5772, "quote": "119 L.Ed.2d 34", "context": "5 S.Ct. 2159 (alteration added) (quoting United States v. Burke, 504 U.S. 229, 234, 112 S.Ct. 1867, 119 L.Ed.2d 34 (1992)). We conclude that Rivera has failed to satisfy the second requirement, that the damages wer", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 L. Ed. 2d 34", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0229_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6be809ce1e6e271d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 6008, "end": 6017, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ysical injuries or physical sickness, and therefore do not address whether the post-1991 version of Title VII contemplates the types of damages associated with tort and tort-like claims.\nThe second requirement", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc44cdaf5bba85a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 6275, "end": 6288, "quote": "340 F.3d 1074", "context": "a direct causal link’ between the damages and the personal injuries sustained.” Banaitis v. Comm’r, 340 F.3d 1074, 1080 (9th Cir.2003) (quoting Fabry v. Comm’r, 223 F.3d 1261, 1270 (11th Cir.2000)), abrogated on o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "340 F.3d 1074", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_340/1074_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "88b7ece0c585ba0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 6336, "end": 6349, "quote": "223 F.3d 1261", "context": "juries sustained.” Banaitis v. Comm’r, 340 F.3d 1074, 1080 (9th Cir.2003) (quoting Fabry v. Comm’r, 223 F.3d 1261, 1270 (11th Cir.2000)), abrogated on other grounds by Comm’r v. Banks, 543 U.S. 426, 125 S.Ct. 826,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "223 F.3d 1261", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_223/1261_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1a9f0abcfc322208", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 6421, "end": 6433, "quote": "543 U.S. 426", "context": "bry v. Comm’r, 223 F.3d 1261, 1270 (11th Cir.2000)), abrogated on other grounds by Comm’r v. Banks, 543 U.S. 426, 125 S.Ct. 826, 160 L.Ed.2d 859 (2005). Thus, when damages are paid through a settlement agreement,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "543 U.S. 426", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0426_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1650747ac94f3502", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 6435, "end": 6448, "quote": "125 S.Ct. 826", "context": " 223 F.3d 1261, 1270 (11th Cir.2000)), abrogated on other grounds by Comm’r v. Banks, 543 U.S. 426, 125 S.Ct. 826, 160 L.Ed.2d 859 (2005). Thus, when damages are paid through a settlement agreement, we will look f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "125 S. Ct. 826", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0426_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de5f87d2c1cbcdd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 6450, "end": 6465, "quote": "160 L.Ed.2d 859", "context": " 1270 (11th Cir.2000)), abrogated on other grounds by Comm’r v. Banks, 543 U.S. 426, 125 S.Ct. 826, 160 L.Ed.2d 859 (2005). Thus, when damages are paid through a settlement agreement, we will look first to the under", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "160 L. Ed. 2d 859", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_543/0426_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "534d2c9902af5725", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 6710, "end": 6721, "quote": "§ 104(a)(2)", "context": "ssly states that the damages compensate for “personal physical injuries or physical sickness” under § 104(a)(2). See Pipitone v. United States, 180 F.3d 859, 863 (7th Cir.1999). If the agreement lacks express la", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e0af91d504a9391", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 6754, "end": 6766, "quote": "180 F.3d 859", "context": "“personal physical injuries or physical sickness” under § 104(a)(2). See Pipitone v. United States, 180 F.3d 859, 863 (7th Cir.1999). If the agreement lacks express language specifying the purpose of the compensa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "180 F.3d 859", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_180/0859_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83ad1fe8c28f501d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 6922, "end": 6932, "quote": "id. at 864", "context": "guage specifying the purpose of the compensation, we will then examine the intent of the payor. See id. at 864; Kurowski v. Comm’r, 917 F.2d 1033, 1036 (7th Cir.1990); Knuckles v. Comm’r, 349 F.2d 610, 613 (10t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "180 F.3d 859", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_180/0859_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38c557b9b21bf715", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 6954, "end": 6967, "quote": "917 F.2d 1033", "context": "the compensation, we will then examine the intent of the payor. See id. at 864; Kurowski v. Comm’r, 917 F.2d 1033, 1036 (7th Cir.1990); Knuckles v. Comm’r, 349 F.2d 610, 613 (10th Cir.1965). The payor’s intent can", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "917 F.2d 1033", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_917/1033_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe2af4998c8c51b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 7010, "end": 7022, "quote": "349 F.2d 610", "context": " payor. See id. at 864; Kurowski v. Comm’r, 917 F.2d 1033, 1036 (7th Cir.1990); Knuckles v. Comm’r, 349 F.2d 610, 613 (10th Cir.1965). The payor’s intent can be “based on all the facts and circumstances of the ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "349 F.2d 610", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_349/0610_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7e37e75d705b21b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 7227, "end": 7245, "quote": "90 T.C.M. (CCH) 74", "context": "ncluding the complaint that was filed and the details surrounding the litigation.” Allum v. Comm’r, 90 T.C.M. (CCH) 74 (2005).\nFirst, examining the agreement, we conclude that it does not expressly state that the damag", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 T.C.M. 74", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a1010b78d9d0010b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 9187, "end": 9199, "quote": "180 F.3d at ", "context": "gnificant factor suggesting the employer intended a payment to constitute severance pay.” Pipitone, 180 F.3d at 864 (citing Nagourney v. Comm’r, 57 T.C.M. (CCH) 954, 957 (1989), aff'd without published opinion, 9", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "180 F.3d 859", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_180/0859_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e474874dd81f096", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 9232, "end": 9251, "quote": "57 T.C.M. (CCH) 954", "context": "nded a payment to constitute severance pay.” Pipitone, 180 F.3d at 864 (citing Nagourney v. Comm’r, 57 T.C.M. (CCH) 954, 957 (1989), aff'd without published opinion, 904 F.2d 700 (4th Cir.1990)). While this provision is", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 T.C.M. 954", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f974889faf2e656d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 9298, "end": 9310, "quote": "904 F.2d 700", "context": " 864 (citing Nagourney v. Comm’r, 57 T.C.M. (CCH) 954, 957 (1989), aff'd without published opinion, 904 F.2d 700 (4th Cir.1990)). While this provision is not conclusive proof of Baker’s intent, the agreement’s fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "904 F.2d 700", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d537825ff793804d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 9603, "end": 9613, "quote": "Id. at 864", "context": " intended that the amount constitute back pay, and, therefore, the entire amount is not exeludible. Id. at 864-65 (quoting Wise v. Comm’r, 75 T.C.M. (CCH) 1514, 1517 (1998)). Rivera has failed to present eviden", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5e76b4f17b6efb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 9642, "end": 9662, "quote": "75 T.C.M. (CCH) 1514", "context": "ck pay, and, therefore, the entire amount is not exeludible. Id. at 864-65 (quoting Wise v. Comm’r, 75 T.C.M. (CCH) 1514, 1517 (1998)). Rivera has failed to present evidence to rebut this presumption.\nWe hold that the di", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 T.C.M. 1514", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1cf1f24723e031b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 9998, "end": 10009, "quote": "§ 104(a)(2)", "context": "ct court did not clearly err by classifying the settlement proceeds as lost wages not entitled to a § 104(a)(2) exclusion.\nB. Withholding Taxes from Settlement Proceeds\nRivera argues that, even if his settlement", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3dce329450fdbde3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 10161, "end": 10170, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "ceeds\nRivera argues that, even if his settlement award was income to him, awards for back pay under Title VII are not subject to income tax withholding. We disagree, and hold that the settlement proceeds paid ", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "adcef111413ac1af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 10531, "end": 10547, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 3121", "context": "luding the cash value of all remuneration (including benefits) paid in any medium other than cash.” 26 U.S.C. § 3121(a) (1998). It specifically excludes from that definition any payments made by the employer on accou", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3121", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_21/section_3121/title26_sec3121_70b4500baf7a/3121_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "52a41df3c356e2aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 10541, "end": 10550, "quote": "§ 3121(a)", "context": " cash value of all remuneration (including benefits) paid in any medium other than cash.” 26 U.S.C. § 3121(a) (1998). It specifically excludes from that definition any payments made by the employer on account ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_21/section_3121/title26_sec3121_70b4500baf7a/3121_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "821f3e64d3559b06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 10733, "end": 10736, "quote": "Id.", "context": "loyer on account of sickness or accident disability, medical or hospitalization expenses, or death. Id. at § 3121(a)(2)(A)-(C). The Fourth Circuit has observed that the “language in the Internal Revenue ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45bde9c271d04c18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 10740, "end": 10755, "quote": "§ 3121(a)(2)(A)", "context": "n account of sickness or accident disability, medical or hospitalization expenses, or death. Id. at § 3121(a)(2)(A)-(C). The Fourth Circuit has observed that the “language in the Internal Revenue Code and the Treasu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "46d2e449cc1220fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11083, "end": 11095, "quote": "122 F.3d 204", "context": "ages’ as ‘all remuneration for employment unless specifically excepted.’ ” Hemelt v. United States, 122 F.3d 204, 209 (4th Cir.1997) (citing 26 U.S.C. § 3121(a) and 26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-l(b)).\nThe Internal Reve", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 F.3d 204", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_122/0204_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3bec8761a2502958", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11124, "end": 11140, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 3121", "context": " unless specifically excepted.’ ” Hemelt v. United States, 122 F.3d 204, 209 (4th Cir.1997) (citing 26 U.S.C. § 3121(a) and 26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-l(b)).\nThe Internal Revenue Code defines “employment” to include “any", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3121", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_21/section_3121/title26_sec3121_70b4500baf7a/3121_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ad22b9701ca84e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11134, "end": 11143, "quote": "§ 3121(a)", "context": "ecifically excepted.’ ” Hemelt v. United States, 122 F.3d 204, 209 (4th Cir.1997) (citing 26 U.S.C. § 3121(a) and 26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-l(b)).\nThe Internal Revenue Code defines “employment” to include “any se", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_21/section_3121/title26_sec3121_70b4500baf7a/3121_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f6f277cbf849576", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11148, "end": 11177, "quote": "26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-l(b)).", "context": "epted.’ ” Hemelt v. United States, 122 F.3d 204, 209 (4th Cir.1997) (citing 26 U.S.C. § 3121(a) and 26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-l(b)).\nThe Internal Revenue Code defines “employment” to include “any service, of whatever nature, perform", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06dbab8d940ce921", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11330, "end": 11346, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 3121", "context": "clude “any service, of whatever nature, performed ... by an employee for the person employing him.” 26 U.S.C. § 3121(b). The Supreme Court and Fourth Circuit have emphasized the broad, inclusive nature of “employment", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3121", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_21/section_3121/title26_sec3121_70b4500baf7a/3121_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "b4e00a4d00941f0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11340, "end": 11349, "quote": "§ 3121(b)", "context": " service, of whatever nature, performed ... by an employee for the person employing him.” 26 U.S.C. § 3121(b). The Supreme Court and Fourth Circuit have emphasized the broad, inclusive nature of “employment.” ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_21/section_3121/title26_sec3121_70b4500baf7a/3121_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c444da4b7311afb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11480, "end": 11492, "quote": "327 U.S. 358", "context": "Circuit have emphasized the broad, inclusive nature of “employment.” See Soc. Sec. Bd. v. Nierotko, 327 U.S. 358, 365, 66 S.Ct. 637, 90 L.Ed. 718 (1946); Hemelt, 122 F.3d at 209. “ ‘[Sjervice’ as used by Congress", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "327 U.S. 358", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea2e817d5e1c9e4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11499, "end": 11511, "quote": "66 S.Ct. 637", "context": "ized the broad, inclusive nature of “employment.” See Soc. Sec. Bd. v. Nierotko, 327 U.S. 358, 365, 66 S.Ct. 637, 90 L.Ed. 718 (1946); Hemelt, 122 F.3d at 209. “ ‘[Sjervice’ as used by Congress in this definitive", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 S. Ct. 637", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d91e46324494bd9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11513, "end": 11525, "quote": "90 L.Ed. 718", "context": ", inclusive nature of “employment.” See Soc. Sec. Bd. v. Nierotko, 327 U.S. 358, 365, 66 S.Ct. 637, 90 L.Ed. 718 (1946); Hemelt, 122 F.3d at 209. “ ‘[Sjervice’ as used by Congress in this definitive phrase means ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 L. Ed. 718", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a80b10ad0522e9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11542, "end": 11557, "quote": "122 F.3d at 209", "context": "ment.” See Soc. Sec. Bd. v. Nierotko, 327 U.S. 358, 365, 66 S.Ct. 637, 90 L.Ed. 718 (1946); Hemelt, 122 F.3d at 209. “ ‘[Sjervice’ as used by Congress in this definitive phrase means not only work actually done but ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "122 F.3d 204", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_122/0204_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "049d8ebe9907b411", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11774, "end": 11792, "quote": "327 U.S. at 365-66", "context": "er-employee relationship for which compensation is paid to the employee by the employer.” Nierotko, 327 U.S. at 365-66, 66 S.Ct. 637. The Code does not distinguish between back pay based on, for example, contract claim", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "327 U.S. 358", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "36f9a2b78bc00640", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11794, "end": 11806, "quote": "66 S.Ct. 637", "context": "ship for which compensation is paid to the employee by the employer.” Nierotko, 327 U.S. at 365-66, 66 S.Ct. 637. The Code does not distinguish between back pay based on, for example, contract claims, and back pa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 S. Ct. 637", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ddda09e9ef103e53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 11917, "end": 11926, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "does not distinguish between back pay based on, for example, contract claims, and back pay based on Title VII claims.\nAt least three circuits have held that settlement payments based on Employee Retirement Inc", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01eb7cac46004cc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 12162, "end": 12175, "quote": "164 F.3d 1015", "context": "e “wages” and require payments to be withheld for tax purposes. See, e.g., Gerbec v. United States, 164 F.3d 1015, 1025-27 (6th Cir.1999) (holding that a portion of the ERISA settlement “may be subject to federal ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "164 F.3d 1015", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_164/1015_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f55acdabf86f1e0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 12567, "end": 12582, "quote": "151 F.3d at 860", "context": "FICA taxes they would have paid on those wages had they not been wrongfully terminated”); Mayberry, 151 F.3d at 860 (holding that an ERISA settlement was not excludible from gross income and was “wages” subject to F", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "151 F.3d 855", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_151/0855_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0fa635f2a913ca6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 12702, "end": 12720, "quote": "122 F.3d at 209-10", "context": "ISA settlement was not excludible from gross income and was “wages” subject to FICA taxes); Hemelt, 122 F.3d at 209-10 (holding that settlement payments for ERISA claims approximate recovery for lost wages and are prop", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "122 F.3d 204", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_122/0204_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "299c04403b99c011", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 12935, "end": 12944, "quote": "Title VII", "context": " wages for FICA withholding purposes). Moreover, one court analogized ERISA claims to “claims under Title VII and the ADEA,” because they are all “designed to approximate [] recovery for lost wages and other e", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1181f605ca32ff19", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 13068, "end": 13083, "quote": "122 F.3d at 209", "context": "they are all “designed to approximate [] recovery for lost wages and other economic harms.” Hemelt, 122 F.3d at 209.\nLike the ERISA claims at issue in Ger-bec, Mayberry, and Hemelt, Rivera’s claims stem from his emp", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "122 F.3d 204", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_122/0204_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e6fc5f41b1f2c69d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 13686, "end": 13702, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 3121", "context": "nd the district court properly held that these settlement payments were subject to withholding. See 26 U.S.C. § 3121(a); 26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-(l)(i).\nEven though Rivera is not currently employed by Baker, his “wage", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3121", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_21/section_3121/title26_sec3121_70b4500baf7a/3121_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "fef82f7eded88efe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 13696, "end": 13705, "quote": "§ 3121(a)", "context": "trict court properly held that these settlement payments were subject to withholding. See 26 U.S.C. § 3121(a); 26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-(l)(i).\nEven though Rivera is not currently employed by Baker, his “wages” ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_21/section_3121/title26_sec3121_70b4500baf7a/3121_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d93b9521d7eaea88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 13707, "end": 13737, "quote": "26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-(l)(i).", "context": " properly held that these settlement payments were subject to withholding. See 26 U.S.C. § 3121(a); 26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-(l)(i).\nEven though Rivera is not currently employed by Baker, his “wages” from the settlement agreement ar", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "309c9d16e25fe8d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 14135, "end": 14164, "quote": "26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-(l)(i)", "context": "etween the person in whose employ the services were performed and the indmdual who performed them.” 26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-(l)(i); see also Gerbec, 164 F.3d at 1026 (“We conclude that it would be improper to exempt Plaintiffs fro", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "793c2314f92e91f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 14183, "end": 14199, "quote": "164 F.3d at 1026", "context": "ere performed and the indmdual who performed them.” 26 C.F.R. § 31.3121(a)-(l)(i); see also Gerbec, 164 F.3d at 1026 (“We conclude that it would be improper to exempt Plaintiffs from mandatory FICA taxes merely becau", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "164 F.3d 1015", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_164/1015_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5205081d12997ba3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 14707, "end": 14723, "quote": "26 U.S.C. § 3402", "context": "paid. In fact, Baker might have been liable for failing to withhold the necessary taxes. See, e.g., 26 U.S.C. § 3402(a)(1) (“[E]very employer making payment of wages shall deduct and withhold upon such wages a tax de", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "26 U.S.C. § 3402", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_24/section_3402/title26_sec3402_20f8c3dbd782/3402_income_tax_collected_at_source_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "3acd2dec4951b963", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 14717, "end": 14729, "quote": "§ 3402(a)(1)", "context": "act, Baker might have been liable for failing to withhold the necessary taxes. See, e.g., 26 U.S.C. § 3402(a)(1) (“[E]very employer making payment of wages shall deduct and withhold upon such wages a tax determin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/tax/title_26/chapter_24/section_3402/title26_sec3402_20f8c3dbd782/3402_income_tax_collected_at_source_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "46536a7732f5ef57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 14918, "end": 14924, "quote": "§ 34Q3", "context": "ax determined in accordance with tables or computational procedures prescribed by the Secretary.”); § 34Q3 (“The employer shall be liable for the payment of the tax required to be deducted and withheld unde", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7bc66a6d0560ecee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 15092, "end": 15104, "quote": "780 F.2d 766", "context": "to be deducted and withheld under this chapter .... ”); see also Bright v. Bechtel Petroleum, Inc., 780 F.2d 766 (9th Cir.1986) (holding that the duty to withhold is mandatory, rather than discriminatory, in natu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "780 F.2d 766", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_780/0766_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9eb2b8702cd0b993", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 15715, "end": 15724, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "r the foregoing reasons, we affirm the judgment of the district court.\nAFFIRMED.\n. Congress amended Title VII in the Civil Rights Act of 1991, Pub.L. 102-166, § 1745, to provide non-economic based remedies. In", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a4acd1e64a28c5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 15758, "end": 15780, "quote": "Pub.L. 102-166, § 1745", "context": "ment of the district court.\nAFFIRMED.\n. Congress amended Title VII in the Civil Rights Act of 1991, Pub.L. 102-166, § 1745, to provide non-economic based remedies. In United States v. Burke, 504 U.S. 229, 241, 112 S.Ct. 18", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "Pub. L. 102-166, § 1745", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "794a85f52b151380", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 15849, "end": 15861, "quote": "504 U.S. 229", "context": "of 1991, Pub.L. 102-166, § 1745, to provide non-economic based remedies. In United States v. Burke, 504 U.S. 229, 241, 112 S.Ct. 1867, 119 L.Ed.2d 34 (1992), the Supreme Court held that the pre-1991 version of Ti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "504 U.S. 229", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0229_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9cb7892d68c7c8fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 15868, "end": 15882, "quote": "112 S.Ct. 1867", "context": "-166, § 1745, to provide non-economic based remedies. In United States v. Burke, 504 U.S. 229, 241, 112 S.Ct. 1867, 119 L.Ed.2d 34 (1992), the Supreme Court held that the pre-1991 version of Title VII did not conte", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 S. Ct. 1867", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0229_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "997410c882658f8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 15884, "end": 15898, "quote": "119 L.Ed.2d 34", "context": " provide non-economic based remedies. In United States v. Burke, 504 U.S. 229, 241, 112 S.Ct. 1867, 119 L.Ed.2d 34 (1992), the Supreme Court held that the pre-1991 version of Title VII did not contemplate the types", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "119 L. Ed. 2d 34", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_504/0229_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d8fe82e473e2c307", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 15959, "end": 15968, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "29, 241, 112 S.Ct. 1867, 119 L.Ed.2d 34 (1992), the Supreme Court held that the pre-1991 version of Title VII did not contemplate the types of damages associated with tort and tort-like claims.\n. Rivera argues", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1968e4397eaa8643", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_430/1253_01/index.html", "start": 17108, "end": 17120, "quote": "422 F.3d 684", "context": "efutes, the presumption created by the language of the settlement agreement. See Lindsey v. Comm’r, 422 F.3d 684, 689 (8th Cir.2005) (\"Lindsey fails to establish the second criterion, because he has not identifie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "422 F.3d 684", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_422/0684_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4dbbb250abb0619b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 86, "end": 101, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1326", "context": "\nPER curiam;.\nPintado-lsiordia appeals from his conviction and sentence for violating 8 U.S.C. § 1326. We affirm in part, vacate in part and remand for resentencing.\nA. Evidentiary Issues\n1. Birth reco", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1326", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1326/title8_sec1326_60a0dc2b1a50/1326_reentry_of_removed_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "814321c7f8c6f1a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 95, "end": 102, "quote": "§ 1326.", "context": "\nPER curiam;.\nPintado-lsiordia appeals from his conviction and sentence for violating 8 U.S.C. § 1326. We affirm in part, vacate in part and remand for resentencing.\nA. Evidentiary Issues\n1. Birth recor", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1326/title8_sec1326_60a0dc2b1a50/1326_reentry_of_removed_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "384ea72353bc3ceb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 1850, "end": 1861, "quote": "541 U.S. 36", "context": "eason, even if we assume that the birth certificate was “testimonial” under Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. 36, 124 S.Ct. 1354, 158 L.Ed.2d 177 (2004), and thus its admission violated Pintado-Isiordia’s Sixth A", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "541 U.S. 36", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_541/0036_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54f5117aae99aeca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 1863, "end": 1877, "quote": "124 S.Ct. 1354", "context": "f we assume that the birth certificate was “testimonial” under Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. 36, 124 S.Ct. 1354, 158 L.Ed.2d 177 (2004), and thus its admission violated Pintado-Isiordia’s Sixth Amendment right t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 S. Ct. 1354", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_541/0036_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "caa7ef4b0e8114e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 1879, "end": 1894, "quote": "158 L.Ed.2d 177", "context": " the birth certificate was “testimonial” under Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. 36, 124 S.Ct. 1354, 158 L.Ed.2d 177 (2004), and thus its admission violated Pintado-Isiordia’s Sixth Amendment right to confront the wi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "158 L. Ed. 2d 177", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_541/0036_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "835be269b28f3b7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 3768, "end": 3780, "quote": "523 U.S. 224", "context": "n “aggravated felony”). That objection has no merit in light of Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 239-47, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998), and we decline the invitation, as we have done bef", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "523 U.S. 224", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0224_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d82dad21475446cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 3790, "end": 3804, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 1219", "context": ". That objection has no merit in light of Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 239-47, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998), and we decline the invitation, as we have done before, to hold that the Su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 1219", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0224_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d4c2a88ab9eb996", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 3806, "end": 3821, "quote": "140 L.Ed.2d 350", "context": " has no merit in light of Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 239-47, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998), and we decline the invitation, as we have done before, to hold that the Supreme Court impli", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 L. Ed. 2d 350", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0224_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a6efa6529f016cf2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 3989, "end": 4001, "quote": "234 F.3d 411", "context": "old that the Supreme Court implicitly overruled that decision. See United States v. Pacheco-Zepeda, 234 F.3d 411, 414 (9th Cir.2001) (“Almendarez-Torres may eventually be overruled. But such speculation does not ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "234 F.3d 411", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_234/0411_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8dcaf0889ce94278", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 4441, "end": 4453, "quote": "495 U.S. 575", "context": "ar whether the district court relied on Taylor’s categorical approach, see Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 575, 599, 110 S.Ct. 2143, 109 L.Ed.2d 607 (1990), or the modified categorical approach, see United Stat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "495 U.S. 575", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a67cd3a3297ec77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 4460, "end": 4474, "quote": "110 S.Ct. 2143", "context": "rict court relied on Taylor’s categorical approach, see Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 575, 599, 110 S.Ct. 2143, 109 L.Ed.2d 607 (1990), or the modified categorical approach, see United States v. Hernandez-Valdo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S. Ct. 2143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32859b23f827b60a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 4476, "end": 4491, "quote": "109 L.Ed.2d 607", "context": "d on Taylor’s categorical approach, see Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 575, 599, 110 S.Ct. 2143, 109 L.Ed.2d 607 (1990), or the modified categorical approach, see United States v. Hernandez-Valdovinos, 352 F.3d 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 L. Ed. 2d 607", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5162f3adbf3d8a01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_448/1155_01/index.html", "start": 4581, "end": 4594, "quote": "352 F.3d 1243", "context": ".Ed.2d 607 (1990), or the modified categorical approach, see United States v. Hernandez-Valdovinos, 352 F.3d 1243, 1246 (9th Cir.2003). Thus, we vacate Pintado-Isiordia’s sentence, and remand to the district court", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "352 F.3d 1243", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/1243_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8b415a110a5652da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 677, "end": 692, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1326", "context": " (“Morales-Perez”) pled guilty to one count of unlawful reentry of a deported alien in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326. He appeals his 70-month sentence, arguing that the district court erred when it concluded that his", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1326", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1326/title8_sec1326_60a0dc2b1a50/1326_reentry_of_removed_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "2550be55a396ae66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 686, "end": 693, "quote": "§ 1326.", "context": "s-Perez”) pled guilty to one count of unlawful reentry of a deported alien in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326. He appeals his 70-month sentence, arguing that the district court erred when it concluded that his ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1326/title8_sec1326_60a0dc2b1a50/1326_reentry_of_removed_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f13f003a2b4f94d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 850, "end": 865, "quote": "section 11351.5", "context": "ict court erred when it concluded that his prior conviction under California Health and Safety Code section 11351.5 for possession or purchase of cocaine base with intent to distribute categorically qualified as a d", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e67cc07839651712", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 1049, "end": 1065, "quote": "§ 2L1.2(b)(l)(A)", "context": "qualified as a drug trafficking offense under the United States Sentencing Guidelines. See U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(b)(l)(A). Morales-Perez also contends that the district court erred in sentencing him above the two-year sta", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8233e6cf00a9eff4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 1202, "end": 1217, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1326", "context": "e district court erred in sentencing him above the two-year statutory maximum for convictions under 8 U.S.C. § 1326 based on his prior conviction. We affirm the district court. The definition of drug trafficking off", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1326", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1326/title8_sec1326_60a0dc2b1a50/1326_reentry_of_removed_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "9144863f1fb3cdf5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 1446, "end": 1453, "quote": "§ 2L1.2", "context": "tencing Guidelines encompasses both possession and purchase with intent to distribute. See U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2 cmt. n. l(B)(iv). Furthermore, the district court properly considered Morales-Perez’s prior convict", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "495f6588fcde1cf0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 1644, "end": 1656, "quote": "523 U.S. 224", "context": "r conviction in sentencing him above the statutory maximum. See Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998). However, because Morales-Perez preserved his challenge to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "523 U.S. 224", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0224_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "66c5c568499ed251", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 1658, "end": 1672, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 1219", "context": "n sentencing him above the statutory maximum. See Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998). However, because Morales-Perez preserved his challenge to the district cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 1219", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0224_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dbe549db5b9555cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 1674, "end": 1689, "quote": "140 L.Ed.2d 350", "context": " above the statutory maximum. See Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998). However, because Morales-Perez preserved his challenge to the district court’s use of manda", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 L. Ed. 2d 350", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0224_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a9231563822396ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 1889, "end": 1902, "quote": "452 F.3d 1088", "context": "tory Sentencing Guidelines (a “nonconstitutional Booker error”), see United States v. Beng-Salazar, 452 F.3d 1088, 1092 (9th Cir.2006), and because we cannot say that the error was harmless beyond a reasonable dou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "452 F.3d 1088", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_452/1088_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "667a20fbd58c8ec3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 2067, "end": 2081, "quote": "id. at 1095-97", "context": "as harmless beyond a reasonable doubt, we vacate the judgment and remand for full resentencing, see id. at 1095-97.\nI\nThe district court had jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3231 and we have jurisdiction pursua", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "452 F.3d 1088", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_452/1088_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c66565078a1ee3c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 2133, "end": 2149, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3231", "context": "remand for full resentencing, see id. at 1095-97.\nI\nThe district court had jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3231 and we have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review the district court’s interpretatio", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3231", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3231/title18_sec3231_782f8b8d7fee/3231_district_courts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6eb46f00b2f555c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 2187, "end": 2203, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 1291", "context": "e district court had jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3231 and we have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review the district court’s interpretation of the Sentencing Guidelines de novo. United States ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 1291", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_83/section_1291/title28_sec1291_ce1a61a950be/1291_final_decisions_of_district_courts_the_courts_of_appeal_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "95f4c471ce971554", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 2197, "end": 2204, "quote": "§ 1291.", "context": " court had jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3231 and we have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review the district court’s interpretation of the Sentencing Guidelines de novo. United States v", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/judiciary/title_28/chapter_83/section_1291/title28_sec1291_ce1a61a950be/1291_final_decisions_of_district_courts_the_courts_of_appeal_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d89a4278c008b81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 2315, "end": 2328, "quote": "329 F.3d 1026", "context": "the district court’s interpretation of the Sentencing Guidelines de novo. United States v. Shumate, 329 F.3d 1026, 1028 (9th Cir.2003).\nII\nThe base offense level for a conviction under 8 U.S.C. § 1326 is eight. U.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "329 F.3d 1026", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/1026_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e7afc867f154e1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 2400, "end": 2415, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1326", "context": "es v. Shumate, 329 F.3d 1026, 1028 (9th Cir.2003).\nII\nThe base offense level for a conviction under 8 U.S.C. § 1326 is eight. U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(a). During sentencing, the Government sought a 16-level enhancement, con", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1326", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1326/title8_sec1326_60a0dc2b1a50/1326_reentry_of_removed_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "0eb69b1f05fbe43d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 2435, "end": 2445, "quote": "§ 2L1.2(a)", "context": "(9th Cir.2003).\nII\nThe base offense level for a conviction under 8 U.S.C. § 1326 is eight. U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(a). During sentencing, the Government sought a 16-level enhancement, contending that Morales-Perez’s p", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f32632e4e899697", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 2707, "end": 2723, "quote": "§ 2L1.2(b)(l)(A)", "context": "ne base for purposes of sale qualified as a drug trafficking offense within the meaning of U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(b)(l)(A). The Sentencing Guidelines define drug trafficking offense as “an offense under federal, state, or ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "17541c19f7ba4975", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 3107, "end": 3110, "quote": "Id.", "context": " (or a counterfeit substance) with intent to manufacture, import, export, distribute, or dispense.” Id. § 2L1.2 cmt. n. l(B)(iv).\nMorales-Perez objected to the 16-level enhancement. Section 11351.5 state", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b7adec4518830b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 3111, "end": 3118, "quote": "§ 2L1.2", "context": " a counterfeit substance) with intent to manufacture, import, export, distribute, or dispense.” Id. § 2L1.2 cmt. n. l(B)(iv).\nMorales-Perez objected to the 16-level enhancement. Section 11351.5 states, in pe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55deb2f4459845aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 3189, "end": 3204, "quote": "Section 11351.5", "context": "te, or dispense.” Id. § 2L1.2 cmt. n. l(B)(iv).\nMorales-Perez objected to the 16-level enhancement. Section 11351.5 states, in pertinent part: “[E]very person who possesses for sale or purchases for purposes of sale", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cd121b9b97340249", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 3448, "end": 3458, "quote": "§ 11351.5.", "context": "sonment in the state prison for a period of three, four, or five years.” C AL. HEALTH & SAFETY CODE § 11351.5. Morales-Perez argued that under the categorical approach set out by the Supreme Court in Taylor v. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "821d8ddc786a0451", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 3573, "end": 3585, "quote": "495 U.S. 575", "context": "argued that under the categorical approach set out by the Supreme Court in Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 575, 110 S.Ct. 2143, 109 L.Ed.2d 607 (1990), the California statute is over-broad as he could have been", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "495 U.S. 575", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbd2e90547873fdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 3587, "end": 3601, "quote": "110 S.Ct. 2143", "context": "der the categorical approach set out by the Supreme Court in Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 575, 110 S.Ct. 2143, 109 L.Ed.2d 607 (1990), the California statute is over-broad as he could have been convicted of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S. Ct. 2143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3764b8e4abcd968e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 3603, "end": 3618, "quote": "109 L.Ed.2d 607", "context": "cal approach set out by the Supreme Court in Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 575, 110 S.Ct. 2143, 109 L.Ed.2d 607 (1990), the California statute is over-broad as he could have been convicted of the purchase with i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 L. Ed. 2d 607", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "46cb86eeef276b34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 3952, "end": 3959, "quote": "§ 2L1.2", "context": "ed substance ... with intent to manufacture, import, export, distribute, or dispense,” see U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2 cmt. n.l(B)(iv), does not include the purchase of cocaine base for purposes of sale, see CAL. HEALT", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd58df326ba5a9e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 4075, "end": 4085, "quote": "§ 11351.5.", "context": ", does not include the purchase of cocaine base for purposes of sale, see CAL. HEALTH & SAFETY CODE § 11351.5.\nThe district court rejected this argument, stating that “the federal definition of drug trafficking", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04d04fe33e17ec47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 4841, "end": 4856, "quote": "495 U.S. at 602", "context": "nd “look only to the fact of conviction and the statutory definition of the prior offense.” Taylor, 495 U.S. at 602, 110 S.Ct. 2143. We must ask whether “the statute criminalizes conduct that would not constitute a ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "495 U.S. 575", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bcf1322a82aad079", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 4858, "end": 4872, "quote": "110 S.Ct. 2143", "context": "the fact of conviction and the statutory definition of the prior offense.” Taylor, 495 U.S. at 602, 110 S.Ct. 2143. We must ask whether “the statute criminalizes conduct that would not constitute a [drug traffickin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S. Ct. 2143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3227c5f96565618a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 5047, "end": 5060, "quote": "291 F.3d 1201", "context": "titute a [drug trafficking offense] under federal sentencing law.” United States v. Corona-Sanchez, 291 F.3d 1201, 1203 (9th Cir.2002) (en banc), superseded on other grounds by U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2 cmt. n. 2 (2002).\nM", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "291 F.3d 1201", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_291/1201_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "41d4f29926c58682", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 5133, "end": 5140, "quote": "§ 2L1.2", "context": "rona-Sanchez, 291 F.3d 1201, 1203 (9th Cir.2002) (en banc), superseded on other grounds by U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2 cmt. n. 2 (2002).\nMorales-Perez contends that the definition of a drug trafficking offense reaches ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cadaf5dff7f41b07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 5564, "end": 5571, "quote": "§ 2L1.2", "context": "sentence on December 6, 2004. Therefore, the district court applied the amended version of U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2, which makes it clear that, for federal sentencing purposes, a “drug trafficking offense” also incl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "790155691c8c7ecd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 5748, "end": 5755, "quote": "§ 2L1.2", "context": "king offense” also includes the crime of attempt to commit a drug trafficking offense. See U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2 cmt. n. 5 (“[Prior drug trafficking offenses] include the offenses of aiding and abetting, conspiri", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62946b7a8ffd78e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 6552, "end": 6568, "quote": "21 U.S.C. §§ 841", "context": "aw, he could have at least been prosecuted for attempted possession with intent to distribute under 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1) and 846 — an offense explicitly included in the definition of “drug trafficking offense” cont", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "21 U.S.C. §§ 841", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ee9e09e89e031c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 6562, "end": 6574, "quote": "§§ 841(a)(1)", "context": "ld have at least been prosecuted for attempted possession with intent to distribute under 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1) and 846 — an offense explicitly included in the definition of “drug trafficking offense” contained ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3745901a9ab84c54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 6721, "end": 6728, "quote": "§ 2L1.2", "context": "e definition of “drug trafficking offense” contained within the Sentencing Guidelines. See U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2 cmt. n.5.\nA federal conviction for the attempt to possess a controlled substance with intent to dis", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "543d64e60f063600", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 7038, "end": 7050, "quote": "960 F.2d 820", "context": "rt act constituting a substantial step toward the commission of the crime.” United States v. Davis, 960 F.2d 820, 826-27 (9th Cir.1992). A conviction under the purchase prong of section 11351.5 requires the State", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "960 F.2d 820", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_960/0820_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f9d5658a349b988", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 7116, "end": 7131, "quote": "section 11351.5", "context": "ited States v. Davis, 960 F.2d 820, 826-27 (9th Cir.1992). A conviction under the purchase prong of section 11351.5 requires the State to prove that the defendant (1) purchased the cocaine base and (2) had the inten", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0f60a087c645924", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 7292, "end": 7301, "quote": "§ 11351.5", "context": " the cocaine base and (2) had the intent to distribute that cocaine base. CAL. HEALTH & SAFETY CODE § 11351.5; see also Cal. Jury Instr. Crim. 12.01 (2004) (stating the elements of the purchase prong to be (1)", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a622690d21ee0362", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 8011, "end": 8024, "quote": "167 F.3d 1267", "context": "ndant intended to possess cocaine base with intent to distribute. Cf. United States v. Yossunthorn, 167 F.3d 1267, 1269-70 (9th Cir.1999) (stating that there was sufficient evidence to prove that the defendant int", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "167 F.3d 1267", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_167/1267_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "089b215a9727d7a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 8656, "end": 8667, "quote": "Id. at 1271", "context": "olled substance with intent to distribute requires more than the mere intent to complete the crime. Id. at 1271. “Even when the defendant’s intent is clear, his actions must cross the line between preparation an", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "167 F.3d 1267", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_167/1267_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dac5f351dc856aca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 8889, "end": 8892, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ally demonstrating that the crime will take place unless interrupted by independent circumstances.” Id. (internal quotation marks omitted). “The conduct cannot be mere preparation, [rather it] must be a ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "167 F.3d 1267", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_167/1267_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1e5aa9b89db514c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 9087, "end": 9090, "quote": "Id.", "context": "be a substantial step ... strongly corroborative of the firmness of a defendant’s criminal intent.” Id. (second alteration in original) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted).\nIn Yossunthom, we", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "167 F.3d 1267", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_167/1267_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2b82164c5732e173", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 9578, "end": 9589, "quote": "Id. at 1272", "context": "ly constituted an “appreciable fragment of the crime of drug possession with intent to distribute.” Id. at 1272 (internal quotation marks omitted). Furthermore, the act of making an appointment with a known drug", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "167 F.3d 1267", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_167/1267_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "27549d6d72efa667", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 9853, "end": 9856, "quote": "Id.", "context": "not ‘committed all the steps necessary on his part to the completion of the substantive offense.’ ” Id. (quoting United States v. Smith, 962 F.2d 923, 930-31 (9th Cir.2002)). “While’[t]he government does", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "167 F.3d 1267", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_167/1267_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1fd34cf71cf1f8e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 9890, "end": 9902, "quote": "962 F.2d 923", "context": "y on his part to the completion of the substantive offense.’ ” Id. (quoting United States v. Smith, 962 F.2d 923, 930-31 (9th Cir.2002)). “While’[t]he government does not have to wait until the transaction is com", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "962 F.2d 923", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_962/0923_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c22f864c015add8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 10063, "end": 10074, "quote": "Id. at 1273", "context": "ve to wait until the transaction is complete^] ... it needs more evidence of a substantial step.’ ” Id. at 1273 (alterations in original) (quoting United States v. Cea, 914 F.2d 881, 888 (7th Cir.1990)).\nA convi", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6cdb098d6bfa3d4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 10132, "end": 10144, "quote": "914 F.2d 881", "context": "ence of a substantial step.’ ” Id. at 1273 (alterations in original) (quoting United States v. Cea, 914 F.2d 881, 888 (7th Cir.1990)).\nA conviction under section 11351.5 requires the State to prove a completed tr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "914 F.2d 881", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_914/0881_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7951578fe98e1192", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 10186, "end": 10201, "quote": "section 11351.5", "context": "s in original) (quoting United States v. Cea, 914 F.2d 881, 888 (7th Cir.1990)).\nA conviction under section 11351.5 requires the State to prove a completed transaction. The defendant has gone beyond making arrangeme", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be4c180bda200a9d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 10664, "end": 10679, "quote": "section 11351.5", "context": "the possession of a controlled substance with intent to distribute, we hold that a conviction under section 11351.5 is also sufficient to establish the attempted possession of a controlled substance under federal dr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9046d8f64f536d00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 10878, "end": 10893, "quote": "section 11351.5", "context": "rug trafficking laws. Consequently, the district court correctly determined that a conviction under section 11351.5 categorically qualifies as a drug trafficking offense under the Sentencing Guidelines.\nrv\nMorales-P", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "834cd4977e280bf6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 11048, "end": 11060, "quote": "523 U.S. 224", "context": "under the Sentencing Guidelines.\nrv\nMorales-Perez’s argument that the holding in Almendarez-Torres, 523 U.S. 224, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350, has been overruled by subsequent case law has been foreclosed by ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "523 U.S. 224", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0224_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c76b4f236021f926", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 11062, "end": 11076, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 1219", "context": "encing Guidelines.\nrv\nMorales-Perez’s argument that the holding in Almendarez-Torres, 523 U.S. 224, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350, has been overruled by subsequent case law has been foreclosed by our decision in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 1219", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0224_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4c83964203c2114f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 11078, "end": 11093, "quote": "140 L.Ed.2d 350", "context": "s.\nrv\nMorales-Perez’s argument that the holding in Almendarez-Torres, 523 U.S. 224, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350, has been overruled by subsequent case law has been foreclosed by our decision in United States v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 L. Ed. 2d 350", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_523/0224_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "721d33452075e11b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 11212, "end": 11225, "quote": "383 F.3d 1052", "context": "d by subsequent case law has been foreclosed by our decision in United States v. Quintana-Quintana, 383 F.3d 1052, 1053 (9th Cir.2004) (stating that the Supreme Court explicitly preserved its pri- or holding in Al", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "383 F.3d 1052", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_383/1052_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b54b5fd6f31a93d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 11367, "end": 11379, "quote": "542 U.S. 296", "context": "preme Court explicitly preserved its pri- or holding in Almendarez-Torres in Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296, 124 S.Ct. 2531, 159 L.Ed.2d 403 (2004)). Therefore, it still stands that “enhancements based on pr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "542 U.S. 296", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_542/0296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "871372bbf15fc398", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 11381, "end": 11395, "quote": "124 S.Ct. 2531", "context": "plicitly preserved its pri- or holding in Almendarez-Torres in Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296, 124 S.Ct. 2531, 159 L.Ed.2d 403 (2004)). Therefore, it still stands that “enhancements based on prior convictions ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 S. Ct. 2531", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_542/0296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d19e3523eb900fa4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 11397, "end": 11412, "quote": "159 L.Ed.2d 403", "context": "ed its pri- or holding in Almendarez-Torres in Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296, 124 S.Ct. 2531, 159 L.Ed.2d 403 (2004)). Therefore, it still stands that “enhancements based on prior convictions need not be prove", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "159 L. Ed. 2d 403", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_542/0296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "896def9da7e3b39d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 11646, "end": 11658, "quote": "422 F.3d 897", "context": "ry or admitted by the defendant to satisfy the Sixth Amendment.” United States v. Esparza-Gonzalez, 422 F.3d 897, 907 (9th Cir.2005).\nV\nWe hold that the federal crime of attempted possession of a controlled subst", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "422 F.3d 897", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_422/0897_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "15cdf72987ef0732", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 12073, "end": 12088, "quote": "section 11351.5", "context": "ted States Sentencing Guidelines, we hold that a conviction under California Health and Safety Code section 11351.5 categorically qualifies as a predicate drug trafficking offense under U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(b)(l)(A).\nHo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b542c9b71c352f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 12168, "end": 12184, "quote": "§ 2L1.2(b)(l)(A)", "context": "Code section 11351.5 categorically qualifies as a predicate drug trafficking offense under U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(b)(l)(A).\nHowever, because Morales-Perez objected to his sentence on Sixth Amendment grounds before the dist", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1565e2209bb039b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 12380, "end": 12396, "quote": "452 F.3d at 1095", "context": "district court, he preserved his challenge to the nonconstitutional Booker error. See Beng-Salazar, 452 F.3d at 1095. Because we cannot say that the error was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt, we vacate the judgmen", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "452 F.3d 1088", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_452/1088_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1a65dbcdb618ec21", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_467/1219_01/index.html", "start": 12537, "end": 12551, "quote": "id. at 1096-97", "context": "s harmless beyond a reasonable doubt, we vacate the judgment and remand for full resentenc-ing. See id. at 1096-97.\nAFFIRMED in part; VACATED and REMANDED for resentencing.\n", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "452 F.3d 1088", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_452/1088_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dd980a41c76cb6ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 3537, "end": 3552, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 158", "context": "ants—the limited partnership, the general partner, and Mrs. Baldwin’s father— appealed. Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 158(c)(1)(B), the trustee elected to have the appeal heard by the district court. After the opening bri", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 158", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7639cbf5ea465608", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 3547, "end": 3561, "quote": "§ 158(c)(1)(B)", "context": "imited partnership, the general partner, and Mrs. Baldwin’s father— appealed. Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 158(c)(1)(B), the trustee elected to have the appeal heard by the district court. After the opening brief and re", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03317aef2bc20773", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 4347, "end": 4360, "quote": "233 F.3d 1258", "context": "ptcy court’s decision, applying the same standard as the BAP or district court. See In re Albrecht, 233 F.3d 1258, 1260 (10th Cir.2000); Broitman v. Kirkland (In re Kirkland), 86 F.3d 172, 174 (10th Cir.1996). We ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "233 F.3d 1258", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_233/1258_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e87b595ab3e58531", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 4423, "end": 4434, "quote": "86 F.3d 172", "context": "rt. See In re Albrecht, 233 F.3d 1258, 1260 (10th Cir.2000); Broitman v. Kirkland (In re Kirkland), 86 F.3d 172, 174 (10th Cir.1996). We thus review the bankruptcy court’s legal determinations de novo and its fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 F.3d 172", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_86/0172_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4acda8d68ff91322", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 4582, "end": 4596, "quote": "86 F.3d at 174", "context": "ptcy court’s legal determinations de novo and its factual findings for clear error. In re Kirkland, 86 F.3d at 174.\nThe parties have raised three main issues in these consolidated appeals. First, the trustee argues", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "86 F.3d 172", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_86/0172_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1a8a33e8f1f5234", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 5811, "end": 5826, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 158", "context": "we do not have jurisdiction over this appeal because the BAP’s decision was not a final order under 28 U.S.C. § 158(d). We disagree. “[T]he appropriate 'judicial unit’ for application of these finality requirements ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 158", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e1efe9760333035", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 5821, "end": 5829, "quote": "§ 158(d)", "context": "have jurisdiction over this appeal because the BAP’s decision was not a final order under 28 U.S.C. § 158(d). We disagree. “[T]he appropriate 'judicial unit’ for application of these finality requirements in ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "519104e9e403c083", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 6163, "end": 6175, "quote": "893 F.2d 264", "context": "framework cast by the petition.” Adelman v. Fourth Nat’l Bank & Trust Co. (In re Durability, Inc.), 893 F.2d 264, 266 (10th Cir.1990). This particular adversary proceeding and both of the issues raised therein—wh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "893 F.2d 264", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_893/0264_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "05012cce332022a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 6877, "end": 6903, "quote": "Okla. Stat. tit. 54, § 346", "context": " not reasonably practicable to carry on the business in conformity with the partnership agreement.” Okla. Stat. tit. 54, § 346 (2000). The trustee argues that he is entitled to judicial dissolution of the limited partnership p", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Okla. Stat. tit. 54, § 346", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbc117921778d656", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 12537, "end": 12549, "quote": "Section 15.3", "context": "he sale offer, or serve notice that the Partnership be terminated and liquidated in accordance with Section 15.3 herein.\n(Appellants’ App., Case No. 09-7004, at 36.)\nDefendants argue that the trustee was not enti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c4cc1035c802464", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 16072, "end": 16085, "quote": "548 P.2d 1014", "context": "]t is the duty of the court to enforce valid voluntary contracts” as written. Barnes v. Helfenbein, 548 P.2d 1014, 1021 (Okla.1976); see also Heskett v. Heskett, 896 P.2d 1200, 1202 (Okla.Civ.App.1995) (applying O", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "548 P.2d 1014", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b09c333e6def900", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 16134, "end": 16147, "quote": "896 P.2d 1200", "context": "ts” as written. Barnes v. Helfenbein, 548 P.2d 1014, 1021 (Okla.1976); see also Heskett v. Heskett, 896 P.2d 1200, 1202 (Okla.Civ.App.1995) (applying Oklahoma laws regarding contract interpretation to a written pa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "896 P.2d 1200", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4de0a0aa44c9fd23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 16454, "end": 16470, "quote": "548 P.2d at 1021", "context": "s exclusively within the rights of the parties to adjust at the time the contract is made.” Barnes, 548 P.2d at 1021. While the language of a contract does not govern if it “involvefs] an absurdity,” Okla. Stat. tit.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "548 P.2d 1014", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16635a6e9b1c1a6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_593/1155_01/index.html", "start": 16554, "end": 16580, "quote": "Okla. Stat. tit. 15, § 154", "context": "548 P.2d at 1021. While the language of a contract does not govern if it “involvefs] an absurdity,” Okla. Stat. tit. 15, § 154 (1993), we are not persuaded that calculating the sale and purchase amounts for disparate partnersh", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Okla. Stat. tit. 15, § 154", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb842e10a5aa39a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_616/1230_01/index.html", "start": 408, "end": 422, "quote": "130 S.Ct. 1662", "context": "nsistent with the Supreme Court’s decision and opinion in Perdue v. Kenny A. ex rel. Winn, — U.S.—, 130 S.Ct. 1662, 176 L.Ed.2d 494 (2010).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "130 S. Ct. 1662", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_559/0542_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "36bba1b2eabf76bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_616/1230_01/index.html", "start": 424, "end": 439, "quote": "176 L.Ed.2d 494", "context": "e Supreme Court’s decision and opinion in Perdue v. Kenny A. ex rel. Winn, — U.S.—, 130 S.Ct. 1662, 176 L.Ed.2d 494 (2010).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 L. Ed. 2d 494", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_559/0542_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f2cf2add3d8d8be7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_66/0272_01/index.html", "start": 131, "end": 146, "quote": "856 F.Supp. 641", "context": "ment of the district court for the reasons stated in its dispositive memorandum opinion reported at 856 F.Supp. 641 (M.D.Fla.1994).\nAFFIRMED.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "856 F. Supp. 641", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_856/0641_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83cce51e965b12c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 158, "end": 173, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 922", "context": "from his sentence after pleading guilty to being a felon in possession of a firearm in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g). Because restitution to a pawn shop to which Espinoza sold stolen firearms that he unlawfully po", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 922", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c7111fe8d206ed40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 168, "end": 176, "quote": "§ 922(g)", "context": "entence after pleading guilty to being a felon in possession of a firearm in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g). Because restitution to a pawn shop to which Espinoza sold stolen firearms that he unlawfully posse", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "67b3e01f241070e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 303, "end": 319, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3663", "context": "pawn shop to which Espinoza sold stolen firearms that he unlawfully possessed was not authorized by 18 U.S.C. § 3663 under the facts of this case, we vacate and remand for resentencing. We additionally conclude that ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3663", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3663/title18_sec3663_427aad9ebd37/3663_order_of_restitution_a_1_a_the_court_when_sentencing_a_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "996e1fa9dd61f362", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 1323, "end": 1338, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 922", "context": " was subsequently indicted on one count of being a felon in possession of a firearm in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g).\nEspinoza pleaded guilty. Espinoza’s counsel made clear that Espinoza was admitting to possessin", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 922", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "527ac9d5a329464b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 1333, "end": 1341, "quote": "§ 922(g)", "context": "quently indicted on one count of being a felon in possession of a firearm in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g).\nEspinoza pleaded guilty. Espinoza’s counsel made clear that Espinoza was admitting to possessing a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "596e0fad0ab0076d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 4173, "end": 4180, "quote": "§ 3663.", "context": "or which the defendant was convicted.”\nThe record reflects that restitution was imposed pursuant to § 3663. We first note that the probation officer appears to have recommended, and the district court appear", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cfbe599116972fc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 4735, "end": 4750, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 922", "context": "se. Espinoza was charged and pleaded guilty to being a felon in possession of a firearm pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 922(g). This offense does not “involve[] as an element a scheme, conspiracy, or pattern of criminal act", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 922", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad86a43893e2841c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 4745, "end": 4753, "quote": "§ 922(g)", "context": "za was charged and pleaded guilty to being a felon in possession of a firearm pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 922(g). This offense does not “involve[] as an element a scheme, conspiracy, or pattern of criminal activi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "365d9a69b3227a69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 4921, "end": 4927, "quote": "§ 3663", "context": "y, or pattern of criminal activity.” Therefore, the only ground for a restitution award pursuant to § 3663 is if Cash America was directly and proximately harmed as a result of Espinoza’s possession of the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ebbf93ee3158611", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 8934, "end": 8947, "quote": "§ 4A1.2(a)(2)", "context": "as separate sentences, and therefore we review his challenge to the district court’s application of § 4A1.2(a)(2) for plain error. When reviewing for plain error, we determine whether the error is “clear or obviou", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d4444da32437948", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 11252, "end": 11265, "quote": "§ 4A1.2(a)(2)", "context": "lines is to count sentences for demonstrably different offenses separately, the literal language of § 4A1.2(a)(2) does not permit that result in the present case. The Guidelines unambiguously direct that “[i]f the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a12d1b854aeaf63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 14000, "end": 14007, "quote": "§ 4A1.2", "context": ".” The current Guidelines were amended in an effort to resolve perceived confusion. The comments to § 4A1.2 note that counting multiple prior sentences as a single sentence may underrepresent a defendant’s c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "542bb2cddec2915d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15079, "end": 15091, "quote": "553 F.3d 881", "context": " district court is VACATED, and the case is REMANDED for resentencing.\n. United. States v. Arledge, 553 F.3d 881, 897 (5th Cir.2008) (citing United States v. Adams, 363 F.3d 363, 365 (5th Cir.2004)).\n. United Sta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "553 F.3d 881", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_553/0881_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a152112dbbe2cae0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15144, "end": 15156, "quote": "363 F.3d 363", "context": "cing.\n. United. States v. Arledge, 553 F.3d 881, 897 (5th Cir.2008) (citing United States v. Adams, 363 F.3d 363, 365 (5th Cir.2004)).\n. United States v. Love, 431 F.3d 477, 479 (5th Cir.2005) (quoting United Sta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "363 F.3d 363", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "822365cfb449c5b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15204, "end": 15216, "quote": "431 F.3d 477", "context": "r.2008) (citing United States v. Adams, 363 F.3d 363, 365 (5th Cir.2004)).\n. United States v. Love, 431 F.3d 477, 479 (5th Cir.2005) (quoting United States v. Bok, 156 F.3d 157, 166 (2d Cir.1998)).\n. 18 U.S.C. § ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "431 F.3d 477", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_431/0477_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0ec7d8e4fd6e766a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15268, "end": 15280, "quote": "156 F.3d 157", "context": "ir.2004)).\n. United States v. Love, 431 F.3d 477, 479 (5th Cir.2005) (quoting United States v. Bok, 156 F.3d 157, 166 (2d Cir.1998)).\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(1)(A).\n. Id. § 3663A(a)(l), (c)(1).\n. Id. §§ 3663(a)(2),", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "156 F.3d 157", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_156/0157_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cb91fadfd2edaaff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15304, "end": 15320, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3663", "context": "431 F.3d 477, 479 (5th Cir.2005) (quoting United States v. Bok, 156 F.3d 157, 166 (2d Cir.1998)).\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(1)(A).\n. Id. § 3663A(a)(l), (c)(1).\n. Id. §§ 3663(a)(2), 3663A(a)(2).\n. 495 U.S. 411, 110 S.Ct. ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3663", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3663/title18_sec3663_427aad9ebd37/3663_order_of_restitution_a_1_a_the_court_when_sentencing_a_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "388d14558ca424f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15314, "end": 15329, "quote": "§ 3663(a)(1)(A)", "context": "77, 479 (5th Cir.2005) (quoting United States v. Bok, 156 F.3d 157, 166 (2d Cir.1998)).\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(1)(A).\n. Id. § 3663A(a)(l), (c)(1).\n. Id. §§ 3663(a)(2), 3663A(a)(2).\n. 495 U.S. 411, 110 S.Ct. 1979, 109", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3663/title18_sec3663_427aad9ebd37/3663_order_of_restitution_a_1_a_the_court_when_sentencing_a_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "bb3bec963ac6d0ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15333, "end": 15336, "quote": "Id.", "context": "05) (quoting United States v. Bok, 156 F.3d 157, 166 (2d Cir.1998)).\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(1)(A).\n. Id. § 3663A(a)(l), (c)(1).\n. Id. §§ 3663(a)(2), 3663A(a)(2).\n. 495 U.S. 411, 110 S.Ct. 1979, 109 L.Ed.2", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "415403b4b315f63d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15337, "end": 15350, "quote": "§ 3663A(a)(l)", "context": "(quoting United States v. Bok, 156 F.3d 157, 166 (2d Cir.1998)).\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(1)(A).\n. Id. § 3663A(a)(l), (c)(1).\n. Id. §§ 3663(a)(2), 3663A(a)(2).\n. 495 U.S. 411, 110 S.Ct. 1979, 109 L.Ed.2d 408 (1990).\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e83145661af0d165", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15362, "end": 15365, "quote": "Id.", "context": " Bok, 156 F.3d 157, 166 (2d Cir.1998)).\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(1)(A).\n. Id. § 3663A(a)(l), (c)(1).\n. Id. §§ 3663(a)(2), 3663A(a)(2).\n. 495 U.S. 411, 110 S.Ct. 1979, 109 L.Ed.2d 408 (1990).\n. United States", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "109 L. Ed. 2d 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b9529704ddcedb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15366, "end": 15379, "quote": "§§ 3663(a)(2)", "context": ", 156 F.3d 157, 166 (2d Cir.1998)).\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(1)(A).\n. Id. § 3663A(a)(l), (c)(1).\n. Id. §§ 3663(a)(2), 3663A(a)(2).\n. 495 U.S. 411, 110 S.Ct. 1979, 109 L.Ed.2d 408 (1990).\n. United States v. Maturin, 4", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6873ccb167a0682d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15396, "end": 15408, "quote": "495 U.S. 411", "context": "98)).\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(1)(A).\n. Id. § 3663A(a)(l), (c)(1).\n. Id. §§ 3663(a)(2), 3663A(a)(2).\n. 495 U.S. 411, 110 S.Ct. 1979, 109 L.Ed.2d 408 (1990).\n. United States v. Maturin, 488 F.3d 657, 660-61 (5th Cir.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "495 U.S. 411", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ff8327cda0b603b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15410, "end": 15424, "quote": "110 S.Ct. 1979", "context": ".C. § 3663(a)(1)(A).\n. Id. § 3663A(a)(l), (c)(1).\n. Id. §§ 3663(a)(2), 3663A(a)(2).\n. 495 U.S. 411, 110 S.Ct. 1979, 109 L.Ed.2d 408 (1990).\n. United States v. Maturin, 488 F.3d 657, 660-61 (5th Cir.2007) (citing Hu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S. Ct. 1979", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22bb7e7fa3b40896", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15426, "end": 15441, "quote": "109 L.Ed.2d 408", "context": "(A).\n. Id. § 3663A(a)(l), (c)(1).\n. Id. §§ 3663(a)(2), 3663A(a)(2).\n. 495 U.S. 411, 110 S.Ct. 1979, 109 L.Ed.2d 408 (1990).\n. United States v. Maturin, 488 F.3d 657, 660-61 (5th Cir.2007) (citing Hughey, 495 U.S. at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 L. Ed. 2d 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b94928b90141a0dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15478, "end": 15490, "quote": "488 F.3d 657", "context": "), 3663A(a)(2).\n. 495 U.S. 411, 110 S.Ct. 1979, 109 L.Ed.2d 408 (1990).\n. United States v. Maturin, 488 F.3d 657, 660-61 (5th Cir.2007) (citing Hughey, 495 U.S. at 413, 110 S.Ct. 1979); see also United States v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 F.3d 657", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_488/0657_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7898a950f77df38a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15530, "end": 15545, "quote": "495 U.S. at 413", "context": "L.Ed.2d 408 (1990).\n. United States v. Maturin, 488 F.3d 657, 660-61 (5th Cir.2007) (citing Hughey, 495 U.S. at 413, 110 S.Ct. 1979); see also United States v. Mancillas, 172 F.3d 341, 343 (5th Cir.1999) (per curiam", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "495 U.S. 411", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "833626c788b63a9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15547, "end": 15561, "quote": "110 S.Ct. 1979", "context": ").\n. United States v. Maturin, 488 F.3d 657, 660-61 (5th Cir.2007) (citing Hughey, 495 U.S. at 413, 110 S.Ct. 1979); see also United States v. Mancillas, 172 F.3d 341, 343 (5th Cir.1999) (per curiam) (\"We therefore", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S. Ct. 1979", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e694daa29d7b306a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15601, "end": 15613, "quote": "172 F.3d 341", "context": "th Cir.2007) (citing Hughey, 495 U.S. at 413, 110 S.Ct. 1979); see also United States v. Mancillas, 172 F.3d 341, 343 (5th Cir.1999) (per curiam) (\"We therefore hold that a defendant sentenced under the provision", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "172 F.3d 341", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_172/0341_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "42c659483d8ef943", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15841, "end": 15857, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 3663", "context": "sible for restitution for the conduct underlying the offense for which he has been convicted.'').\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(2).\n. See id..; United States v. Ybarra, 70 F.3d 362, 365 (5th Cir.1995) (\"In order to convict o", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 3663", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3663/title18_sec3663_427aad9ebd37/3663_order_of_restitution_a_1_a_the_court_when_sentencing_a_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "059f46e0cc1b68ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15851, "end": 15863, "quote": "§ 3663(a)(2)", "context": "restitution for the conduct underlying the offense for which he has been convicted.'').\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(2).\n. See id..; United States v. Ybarra, 70 F.3d 362, 365 (5th Cir.1995) (\"In order to convict one for", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_3663/title18_sec3663_427aad9ebd37/3663_order_of_restitution_a_1_a_the_court_when_sentencing_a_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "698acf8acea7aa26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15871, "end": 15874, "quote": "id.", "context": "conduct underlying the offense for which he has been convicted.'').\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(2).\n. See id..; United States v. Ybarra, 70 F.3d 362, 365 (5th Cir.1995) (\"In order to convict one for felon in p", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3a1cd4ed3e3b40e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 15902, "end": 15913, "quote": "70 F.3d 362", "context": "for which he has been convicted.'').\n. 18 U.S.C. § 3663(a)(2).\n. See id..; United States v. Ybarra, 70 F.3d 362, 365 (5th Cir.1995) (\"In order to convict one for felon in possession of a firearm, the government ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 F.3d 362", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_70/0362_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "161f110b49587abf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16229, "end": 16240, "quote": "861 F.2d 77", "context": " commerce; and (3) knew that he was in possession of the firearm.”) (citing United States v. Dancy, 861 F.2d 77, 81 (5th Cir. 1988)).\n. Mancillas, 172 F.3d at 341.\n. Id. at 341-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "861 F.2d 77", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_861/0077_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cffa2040b83384ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16276, "end": 16291, "quote": "172 F.3d at 341", "context": "on of the firearm.”) (citing United States v. Dancy, 861 F.2d 77, 81 (5th Cir. 1988)).\n. Mancillas, 172 F.3d at 341.\n. Id. at 341-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "172 F.3d 341", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_172/0341_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "276822775c91852c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16295, "end": 16308, "quote": "Id. at 341-42", "context": ") (citing United States v. Dancy, 861 F.2d 77, 81 (5th Cir. 1988)).\n. Mancillas, 172 F.3d at 341.\n. Id. at 341-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 173.\n. See 18 U.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "172 F.3d 341", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_172/0341_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06b507d799cfae06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16312, "end": 16322, "quote": "Id. at 343", "context": "States v. Dancy, 861 F.2d 77, 81 (5th Cir. 1988)).\n. Mancillas, 172 F.3d at 341.\n. Id. at 341-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 173.\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(u) ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "172 F.3d 341", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_172/0341_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e748f9be7cf3b15c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16326, "end": 16329, "quote": "Id.", "context": "y, 861 F.2d 77, 81 (5th Cir. 1988)).\n. Mancillas, 172 F.3d at 341.\n. Id. at 341-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 173.\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(u) (\"It sh", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "32 F.3d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d2876dd8f302fafb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16332, "end": 16343, "quote": "32 F.3d 171", "context": " F.2d 77, 81 (5th Cir. 1988)).\n. Mancillas, 172 F.3d at 341.\n. Id. at 341-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 173.\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(u) (\"It shall be unlawfu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 F.3d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "adcf838856450b15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16367, "end": 16370, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ncillas, 172 F.3d at 341.\n. Id. at 341-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 173.\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(u) (\"It shall be unlawful for a person to steal or ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "32 F.3d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3fd453261f7d9e4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16373, "end": 16376, "quote": "Id.", "context": "s, 172 F.3d at 341.\n. Id. at 341-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 173.\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(u) (\"It shall be unlawful for a person to steal or unlawf", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "32 F.3d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1fb875c18e28107b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16379, "end": 16382, "quote": "Id.", "context": " F.3d at 341.\n. Id. at 341-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 173.\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(u) (\"It shall be unlawful for a person to steal or unlawfully t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "32 F.3d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0af4579150ff7cdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16385, "end": 16395, "quote": "Id. at 173", "context": "at 341.\n. Id. at 341-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 173.\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(u) (\"It shall be unlawful for a person to steal or unlawfully take or carry ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "32 F.3d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4b6d40753b07eb78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16403, "end": 16418, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 922", "context": "41-42.\n. Id. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 173.\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(u) (\"It shall be unlawful for a person to steal or unlawfully take or carry away from the person or", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 922", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6d1a3df33f8fd1cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16413, "end": 16421, "quote": "§ 922(u)", "context": "d. at 343.\n. Id.\n. 32 F.3d 171, 172 (5th Cir.1994).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 173.\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(u) (\"It shall be unlawful for a person to steal or unlawfully take or carry away from the person or th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c82c12623876a4d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16769, "end": 16784, "quote": "18 U.S.C. § 922", "context": "business inventory that has been shipped or transported in interstate or foreign commerce.”).\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(j) (\"It shall be unlawful for any person to receive, possess, conceal, store, barter, sell, or disp", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "18 U.S.C. § 922", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a07888bd44525f4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 16779, "end": 16787, "quote": "§ 922(j)", "context": "nventory that has been shipped or transported in interstate or foreign commerce.”).\n. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(j) (\"It shall be unlawful for any person to receive, possess, conceal, store, barter, sell, or dispose", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_18/section_922/title18_sec922_f21ab5943db6/922_unlawful_acts_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ee9f6a9bb248936", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 17320, "end": 17332, "quote": "331 F.3d 439", "context": "ause to believe that the firearm or ammunition was stolen.\")\n. See, e.g., United States v. Hickman, 331 F.3d 439, 448 (5th Cir.2003) (\"Because the district court imposed the same amount of restitution ... to run ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "331 F.3d 439", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_331/0439_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f1f235c03953341", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 17663, "end": 17677, "quote": "32 F.3d at 173", "context": "CATED and the case is REMANDED for resentencing not inconsistent with this opinion.” (citing Hayes, 32 F.3d at 173)); United States v. Jimenez, 77 F.3d 95, 100 (5th Cir.1996) (\"We therefore vacate the sentence and ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "32 F.3d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2438bd61bbd8311f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 17707, "end": 17717, "quote": "77 F.3d 95", "context": "ing not inconsistent with this opinion.” (citing Hayes, 32 F.3d at 173)); United States v. Jimenez, 77 F.3d 95, 100 (5th Cir.1996) (\"We therefore vacate the sentence and remand for resentencing keeping in mind ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 F.3d 95", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_77/0095_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bca40025b439af21", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 17908, "end": 17922, "quote": "32 F.3d at 173", "context": " in mind that the district court imposed no fine in light of the restitution order.” (citing Hayes, 32 F.3d at 173; United States v. Aguirre, 926 F.2d 409 (5th Cir.1991))); Hayes, 32 F.3d at 173 (\"Since the order f", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "32 F.3d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1f808de7423cecf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 17950, "end": 17962, "quote": "926 F.2d 409", "context": "o fine in light of the restitution order.” (citing Hayes, 32 F.3d at 173; United States v. Aguirre, 926 F.2d 409 (5th Cir.1991))); Hayes, 32 F.3d at 173 (\"Since the order for restitution represents only one compo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "926 F.2d 409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_926/0409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a60241d5bfc158ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 17988, "end": 18002, "quote": "32 F.3d at 173", "context": "er.” (citing Hayes, 32 F.3d at 173; United States v. Aguirre, 926 F.2d 409 (5th Cir.1991))); Hayes, 32 F.3d at 173 (\"Since the order for restitution represents only one component of the sentencing court's balance o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "32 F.3d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d6a2b47821020bc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 18201, "end": 18216, "quote": "926 F.2d at 410", "context": "of sanctions, the entire sentence is VACATED and the case is REMANDED for resentencing.”); Aguirre, 926 F.2d at 410 (recognizing that some cases merely vacate the order of restitution, but deciding to vacate the ent", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "926 F.2d 409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_926/0409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "81387ba04edac36c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 18691, "end": 18703, "quote": "964 F.2d 437", "context": "the original, albeit illegal, sentence was intended to achieve”); see also United States v. Chaney, 964 F.2d 437, 451 (5th Cir.1992) (\"Restitution under the VWPA is a criminal penalty and a component of the defen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "964 F.2d 437", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_964/0437_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dcbd9650289ab8e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 18861, "end": 18873, "quote": "553 F.3d 881", "context": "minal penalty and a component of the defendant’s sentence.”).\n.See, e.g., United States v. Arledge, 553 F.3d 881, 898-99, 901 (5th Cir.2008) (vacating a restitution order under the MVRA for recalculation of the a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "553 F.3d 881", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_553/0881_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dbcf1a1f09a5a956", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 19145, "end": 19157, "quote": "488 F.3d 657", "context": " Guidelines and the term of imprisonment imposed under those Guidelines); United States v. Maturin, 488 F.3d 657, 663-64 (5th Cir.2007) (vacating only the restitution order and remanding after holding that the di", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 F.3d 657", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_488/0657_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b1befc5ca2927dd5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 19418, "end": 19430, "quote": "479 F.3d 363", "context": " caused by conduct other than that for which the defendant was convicted); United States v. Austin, 479 F.3d 363, 373 (5th Cir.2007) (vacating the restitution order and remanding for resentencing but affirming th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "479 F.3d 363", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_479/0363_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "26081f4089b45de2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 19581, "end": 19593, "quote": "469 F.3d 102", "context": "r and remanding for resentencing but affirming the term of imprisonment); United States v. Beydoun, 469 F.3d 102, 107-09 (5th Cir.2006) (affirming the defendant’s sentence of imprisonment because there was suffic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "469 F.3d 102", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_469/0102_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4649279cba2803d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 19862, "end": 19874, "quote": "363 F.3d 363", "context": "n order under the MVRA and remanding for determination of the actual loss); United States v. Adams, 363 F.3d 363, 368 (5th Cir.2004) (vacating only the restitution order and remanding for recalculation); United S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "363 F.3d 363", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f19f45c4c6a0002", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 19991, "end": 20003, "quote": "217 F.3d 262", "context": "04) (vacating only the restitution order and remanding for recalculation); United States v. Noiris, 217 F.3d 262, 275 (5th Cir.2000) (vacating only the restitution order and affirming the sentence in all other re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "217 F.3d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_217/0262_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "30ea78c83776b365", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 20325, "end": 20336, "quote": "91 F.3d 677", "context": " but reversing and vacating the court's restitution order without remand); United States v. Up ton, 91 F.3d 677, 689 (5th Cir.1996) (vacating two defendants’ restitution orders and remanding for recalculation, b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 F.3d 677", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_91/0677_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "f863e7726c8ff1cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 20696, "end": 20707, "quote": "23 F.3d 902", "context": "ess, vacating only the restitution award, and remanding for resentencing); United States v. Holley, 23 F.3d 902, 915 (5th Cir.1994) (vacating the restitution order and remanding); United States v. Reese, 998 F.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 F.3d 902", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_23/0902_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "742151cda6c34ee9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21446, "end": 21458, "quote": "84 L.Ed.2d 1", "context": "o, 507 U.S. at 732, 113 S.Ct. 1770 (quoting United States v. Young, 470 U.S. 1, 15, 105 S.Ct. 1038, 84 L.Ed.2d 1 (1985)) (internal quotation marks omitted).\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2010", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 L. Ed. 2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd9cd62045843416", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21539, "end": 21552, "quote": "§ 4A1.2(a)(2)", "context": " 1038, 84 L.Ed.2d 1 (1985)) (internal quotation marks omitted).\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2010).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. See United States v. Blocker, 612 F.3d 413, 416 (5th Cir.2010), cert. denied,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c50fdf14be75638", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21563, "end": 21566, "quote": "Id.", "context": "5)) (internal quotation marks omitted).\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2010).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. See United States v. Blocker, 612 F.3d 413, 416 (5th Cir.2010), cert. denied,-U.S.-, 131 S.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a5fab1ff6c2277e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21569, "end": 21572, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nternal quotation marks omitted).\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2010).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. See United States v. Blocker, 612 F.3d 413, 416 (5th Cir.2010), cert. denied,-U.S.-, 131 S.Cl. 62", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "839249b641557f21", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21605, "end": 21617, "quote": "612 F.3d 413", "context": "U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2010).\n. Id.\n. Id.\n. See United States v. Blocker, 612 F.3d 413, 416 (5th Cir.2010), cert. denied,-U.S.-, 131 S.Cl. 623, 178 L.Ed.2d 452 (2010) (\"As our conclusion", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "612 F.3d 413", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_612/0413_01/index.html"]}
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{"id": "d13a6c2349504882", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21892, "end": 21895, "quote": "Id.", "context": "as also plain.”).\n. United States v. Williams, 533 F.3d 673, 676-77 (8th Cir.2008).\n. Id. at 675.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 676.\n. Id.\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2006).\n. Id. § 4A1.2 cmt. n.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "533 F.3d 673", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_533/0673_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54a71f3a548381d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21898, "end": 21908, "quote": "Id. at 676", "context": "o plain.”).\n. United States v. Williams, 533 F.3d 673, 676-77 (8th Cir.2008).\n. Id. at 675.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 676.\n. Id.\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2006).\n. Id. § 4A1.2 cmt. n.3.\n. Id.\n. Se", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "533 F.3d 673", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_533/0673_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a7f441343e45df4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21912, "end": 21915, "quote": "Id.", "context": "United States v. Williams, 533 F.3d 673, 676-77 (8th Cir.2008).\n. Id. at 675.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 676.\n. Id.\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2006).\n. Id. § 4A1.2 cmt. n.3.\n. Id.\n. See Unite", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "533 F.3d 673", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_533/0673_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0b91b29dbd855d9f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21952, "end": 21965, "quote": "§ 4A1.2(a)(2)", "context": " 676-77 (8th Cir.2008).\n. Id. at 675.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 676.\n. Id.\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2006).\n. Id. § 4A1.2 cmt. n.3.\n. Id.\n. See United States v. Marler, 527 F.3d 874, 877 n. 1 (9th Ci", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a81df31793344d59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21976, "end": 21979, "quote": "Id.", "context": ". Id. at 675.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 676.\n. Id.\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2006).\n. Id. § 4A1.2 cmt. n.3.\n. Id.\n. See United States v. Marler, 527 F.3d 874, 877 n. 1 (9th Cir.2008) (\"The ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73c9115c8e11ab43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 21980, "end": 21987, "quote": "§ 4A1.2", "context": ". at 675.\n. Id.\n. Id. at 676.\n. Id.\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2006).\n. Id. § 4A1.2 cmt. n.3.\n. Id.\n. See United States v. Marler, 527 F.3d 874, 877 n. 1 (9th Cir.2008) (\"The Sentenci", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
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{"id": "d3274ada9231f1c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 22035, "end": 22047, "quote": "527 F.3d 874", "context": "uidelines Manual § 4A1.2(a)(2) (2006).\n. Id. § 4A1.2 cmt. n.3.\n. Id.\n. See United States v. Marler, 527 F.3d 874, 877 n. 1 (9th Cir.2008) (\"The Sentencing Commission explained that § 4A1.2 needed to be amended be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "527 F.3d 874", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_527/0874_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3e6641d85c8bb94b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 22116, "end": 22123, "quote": "§ 4A1.2", "context": " States v. Marler, 527 F.3d 874, 877 n. 1 (9th Cir.2008) (\"The Sentencing Commission explained that § 4A1.2 needed to be amended because the 'related cases' rule was too complex and had led to confusion and ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13e39900dc74ca2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_677/0730_01/index.html", "start": 22320, "end": 22327, "quote": "§ 4A1.2", "context": "nd a ‘significant amount of litigation.’ \" (citation omitted)).\n. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.2 cmt. n.3 (2010).\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "baae23f745d0a7b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 331, "end": 347, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 2133", "context": ", 2010, to renew the Seabrook operating license, which will otherwise expire on March 15, 2030. See 42 U.S.C. § 2133 (permitting renewal of operating licenses). Renewal is allowed up to twenty years in advance. See 1", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 2133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d57405035422ef76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 446, "end": 467, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 54.31(b).", "context": "3 (permitting renewal of operating licenses). Renewal is allowed up to twenty years in advance. See 10 C.F.R. § 54.31(b). With its application, NextEra submitted an environmental report, as required by 10 C.F.R. § 51.53(c", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ef6a1de8d9f00a2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 548, "end": 569, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 51.53(c).", "context": " C.F.R. § 54.31(b). With its application, NextEra submitted an environmental report, as required by 10 C.F.R. § 51.53(c). That report discussed the feasibility of alternative sources of electric energy.\nAs part of that li", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ba07f2c1eeadc7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 1768, "end": 1784, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 4321", "context": "y standard the NRC misapplied case law interpreting the National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”), 42 U.S.C. § 4321 et seq. Second, it argues that when the NRC applied its contention-admissibility standard to the fa", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 4321", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/section_4321/title42_sec4321_e621af9dbfa1/4321_congressional_declaration_of_purpose_the_purposes_of_th_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "f13350d8cc0794de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 2370, "end": 2386, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 2011", "context": "s. The NRC must comply with obligations under two separate statutes, the Atomic Energy Act (“AEA”), 42 U.S.C. § 2011 et seq., and NEPA. Accordingly, it has two distinct sets of regulations containing requirements for", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 2011", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0992ad91624c29a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 2539, "end": 2551, "quote": "522 F.3d 115", "context": "sets of regulations containing requirements for license applicants. Massachusetts v. United States, 522 F.3d 115, 119 (1st Cir.2008). The AEA addresses protection of public health and safety and provides the stat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "522 F.3d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_522/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f8673329e69bc24f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 2774, "end": 2791, "quote": "42 U.S.C. §§ 2133", "context": "g licenses, designating the NRC to make the decision and to issue applicable rules and regulations. 42 U.S.C. §§ 2133, 2134(b); see Massachusetts, 522 F.3d at 119. Initial licenses are valid for up to forty years and ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. §§ 2133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "944231f329472e1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 2821, "end": 2836, "quote": "522 F.3d at 119", "context": "ision and to issue applicable rules and regulations. 42 U.S.C. §§ 2133, 2134(b); see Massachusetts, 522 F.3d at 119. Initial licenses are valid for up to forty years and may be renewed. Id. § 2133(c). Under NRC regu", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "522 F.3d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_522/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4246a5e173da1952", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 2907, "end": 2910, "quote": "Id.", "context": "assachusetts, 522 F.3d at 119. Initial licenses are valid for up to forty years and may be renewed. Id. § 2133(c). Under NRC regulations, a licensee may apply for a license renewal up to twenty years bef", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "522 F.3d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_522/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "be25fd6e57e3255a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 2911, "end": 2920, "quote": "§ 2133(c)", "context": "chusetts, 522 F.3d at 119. Initial licenses are valid for up to forty years and may be renewed. Id. § 2133(c). Under NRC regulations, a licensee may apply for a license renewal up to twenty years before expira", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f93c05c711c3631", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 3153, "end": 3171, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 54.31.", "context": "be issued for a fixed time of no more than twenty years in excess of the current operating license. 10 C.F.R. § 54.31.\nTo fulfill the agency’s obligations under NEPA, the NRC has promulgated a different set of regulati", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2c7a033fb76699d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 3311, "end": 3329, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 51.10.", "context": "er NEPA, the NRC has promulgated a different set of regulations, codified at 10 C.F.R. Part 51. See 10 C.F.R. § 51.10. NEPA requires agencies to study and document the environmental impacts and alternatives to proposed", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98fc23a94ffc001a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 3516, "end": 3532, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 4332", "context": "s to proposed “major Federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the human environment.” 42 U.S.C. § 4332(C). The requirement serves two purposes. First, “it places upon an agency the obligation to conside", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 4332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "17f85ae52a1567b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 3526, "end": 3535, "quote": "§ 4332(C)", "context": "sed “major Federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the human environment.” 42 U.S.C. § 4332(C). The requirement serves two purposes. First, “it places upon an agency the obligation to consider e", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "185e97767a32d9d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 3768, "end": 3779, "quote": "462 U.S. 87", "context": "vironmental impact of a proposed action.” Balt. Gas & Elec. Co. v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 462 U.S. 87, 97, 103 S.Ct. 2246, 76 L.Ed.2d 437 (1983) (quoting Vt. Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Res. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "462 U.S. 87", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25dd7578c30926cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 3785, "end": 3799, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 2246", "context": "t of a proposed action.” Balt. Gas & Elec. Co. v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 462 U.S. 87, 97, 103 S.Ct. 2246, 76 L.Ed.2d 437 (1983) (quoting Vt. Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 2246", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8c19842be64db93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 3801, "end": 3815, "quote": "76 L.Ed.2d 437", "context": "action.” Balt. Gas & Elec. Co. v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 462 U.S. 87, 97, 103 S.Ct. 2246, 76 L.Ed.2d 437 (1983) (quoting Vt. Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 435 U.S. 519, 55", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 L. Ed. 2d 437", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0de1bcc30584cd97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 3899, "end": 3911, "quote": "435 U.S. 519", "context": ", 76 L.Ed.2d 437 (1983) (quoting Vt. Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 435 U.S. 519, 553, 98 S.Ct. 1197, 55 L.Ed.2d 460 (1978)) (internal quotation marks omitted). “Second, it ensures", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "435 U.S. 519", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5608c3daaa6d966", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 3918, "end": 3931, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 1197", "context": "983) (quoting Vt. Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 435 U.S. 519, 553, 98 S.Ct. 1197, 55 L.Ed.2d 460 (1978)) (internal quotation marks omitted). “Second, it ensures that the agency wil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 1197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ff6fadf9dbca8a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 3933, "end": 3947, "quote": "55 L.Ed.2d 460", "context": "t. Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 435 U.S. 519, 553, 98 S.Ct. 1197, 55 L.Ed.2d 460 (1978)) (internal quotation marks omitted). “Second, it ensures that the agency will inform the pub", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 L. Ed. 2d 460", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ee06ac7c755fe80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 4136, "end": 4139, "quote": "Id.", "context": "orm the public that it has indeed considered environmental concerns in its decisionmaking process.” Id. (citing Weinberger v. Catholic Action of Haw. Peace Educ. Project, 454 U.S. 139, 143, 102 S.Ct. 197", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "55 L. Ed. 2d 460", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "256984325db815b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 4207, "end": 4219, "quote": "454 U.S. 139", "context": "its decisionmaking process.” Id. (citing Weinberger v. Catholic Action of Haw. Peace Educ. Project, 454 U.S. 139, 143, 102 S.Ct. 197, 70 L.Ed.2d 298 (1981)). The NRC requires applicants for relicensing, here, Nex", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "454 U.S. 139", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b65abba739b9c5fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 4226, "end": 4239, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 197", "context": "process.” Id. (citing Weinberger v. Catholic Action of Haw. Peace Educ. Project, 454 U.S. 139, 143, 102 S.Ct. 197, 70 L.Ed.2d 298 (1981)). The NRC requires applicants for relicensing, here, NextEra, to submit an e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "58ed3fd9599234a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 4241, "end": 4255, "quote": "70 L.Ed.2d 298", "context": "citing Weinberger v. Catholic Action of Haw. Peace Educ. Project, 454 U.S. 139, 143, 102 S.Ct. 197, 70 L.Ed.2d 298 (1981)). The NRC requires applicants for relicensing, here, NextEra, to submit an environmental rep", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 L. Ed. 2d 298", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82dbbba6e8a41518", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 4373, "end": 4397, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 51.53(c)(1).", "context": "requires applicants for relicensing, here, NextEra, to submit an environmental report to assist it. 10 C.F.R. § 51.53(c)(1). The NRC must take a “hard look” at the environmental impacts of major actions. Massachusetts, 522 F", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "44e1d5a5ab528f63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 4492, "end": 4507, "quote": "522 F.3d at 127", "context": ")(1). The NRC must take a “hard look” at the environmental impacts of major actions. Massachusetts, 522 F.3d at 127.\nThe environmental report must include consideration of alternative sources of energy generation to", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "522 F.3d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_522/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7e21ba2d73359ffa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 4625, "end": 4648, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 51.45(b)(3)", "context": "l report must include consideration of alternative sources of energy generation to the relicensing, 10 C.F.R. § 51.45(b)(3), and must discuss their environmental impacts, id. § 51.53(c)(2). At issue here is only one limited", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a9a156bf4961c0b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 4696, "end": 4699, "quote": "id.", "context": "neration to the relicensing, 10 C.F.R. § 51.45(b)(3), and must discuss their environmental impacts, id. § 51.53(c)(2). At issue here is only one limited portion of the environmental report filed with the", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87fcfe7a518c3663", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 4700, "end": 4713, "quote": "§ 51.53(c)(2)", "context": "tion to the relicensing, 10 C.F.R. § 51.45(b)(3), and must discuss their environmental impacts, id. § 51.53(c)(2). At issue here is only one limited portion of the environmental report filed with the application o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b181dcb2f96d9123", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 5021, "end": 5037, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 2239", "context": "request of any person whose interest may be affected by the proceeding,” such as a license renewal. 42 U.S.C. § 2239(a)(1)(A). Although NEPA does not provide for hearings on environmental matters, Union of Concerned ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 2239", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04a6e8d1a915a34a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 5031, "end": 5046, "quote": "§ 2239(a)(1)(A)", "context": " any person whose interest may be affected by the proceeding,” such as a license renewal. 42 U.S.C. § 2239(a)(1)(A). Although NEPA does not provide for hearings on environmental matters, Union of Concerned Scientist", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a289692c889e1ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 5156, "end": 5167, "quote": "920 F.2d 50", "context": " NEPA does not provide for hearings on environmental matters, Union of Concerned Scientists v. NRC, 920 F.2d 50, 56 (D.C.Cir.1990), NRC regulations provide for hearings, including as to NEPA issues. To obtain a ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "920 F.2d 50", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_920/0050_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "323198dcea80c23c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 5323, "end": 5343, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 2.309(a)", "context": "s, including as to NEPA issues. To obtain a hearing, a petitioner must make a written request under 10 C.F.R. § 2.309(a), which must state the contention to be raised, id. § 2.309(f). On issues arising under NEPA, conten", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e5ab496d36b2a2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 5391, "end": 5394, "quote": "id.", "context": "st make a written request under 10 C.F.R. § 2.309(a), which must state the contention to be raised, id. § 2.309(f). On issues arising under NEPA, contentions must be based on the applicant’s environmenta", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ceff3ca1aadfe3d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 5395, "end": 5405, "quote": "§ 2.309(f)", "context": "ake a written request under 10 C.F.R. § 2.309(a), which must state the contention to be raised, id. § 2.309(f). On issues arising under NEPA, contentions must be based on the applicant’s environmental report. I", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "706ed98c3cda57c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 5504, "end": 5507, "quote": "Id.", "context": "). On issues arising under NEPA, contentions must be based on the applicant’s environmental report. Id. § 2.309(f)(2). To be admissible a contention must:\n(i) Provide a specific statement of the issue of", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69eba921c13bb2a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 5508, "end": 5521, "quote": "§ 2.309(f)(2)", "context": "n issues arising under NEPA, contentions must be based on the applicant’s environmental report. Id. § 2.309(f)(2). To be admissible a contention must:\n(i) Provide a specific statement of the issue of law or fact t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf92ed87e43ec49f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 6374, "end": 6377, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ow that a genuine dispute exists with the applicant/licensee on a material issue of law or fact....\nId. § 2.309(f)(1). In other words, the NRC denies hearings when the party’s criticism of a portion of t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd1f06028352aef7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 6378, "end": 6391, "quote": "§ 2.309(f)(1)", "context": "hat a genuine dispute exists with the applicant/licensee on a material issue of law or fact....\nId. § 2.309(f)(1). In other words, the NRC denies hearings when the party’s criticism of a portion of the applicant’s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a7d738400bf0ff32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 9192, "end": 9211, "quote": "75 Fed. Reg. 42,462", "context": "o. NPF-86 for an Additional 20-Year Period; NextEra Energy Seabrook, LLC; Seabrook Station, Unit 1, 75 Fed. Reg. 42,462 (July 21, 2010).\nBN filed a hearing petition on October 20, 2010, proposing its one contention and ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "75 FR 42,462", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "099abb8e6eb166eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 10035, "end": 10048, "quote": "766 F.2d 1182", "context": "or final decisions in administrative proceedings” relating to licensing decisions. Johnston v. NRC, 766 F.2d 1182, 1188 (7th Cir.1985). A Board consists of three members, one of whom is qualified in the conduct of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "766 F.2d 1182", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_766/1182_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f9a5b3df79d417a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 10258, "end": 10274, "quote": "42 U.S.C. § 2241", "context": "ative proceedings and two of whom have technical or other qualifications the NRC deems appropriate. 42 U.S.C. § 2241(a). ASLBs now preside over most licensing hearings. Citizens Awareness Network, Inc. v. United Stat", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "42 U.S.C. § 2241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65b8b2d1af2e4dc9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 10268, "end": 10277, "quote": "§ 2241(a)", "context": "eedings and two of whom have technical or other qualifications the NRC deems appropriate. 42 U.S.C. § 2241(a). ASLBs now preside over most licensing hearings. Citizens Awareness Network, Inc. v. United States,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a34404b73f7eb09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 10378, "end": 10390, "quote": "391 F.3d 338", "context": " ASLBs now preside over most licensing hearings. Citizens Awareness Network, Inc. v. United States, 391 F.3d 338, 357 n. 6 (1st Cir.2004) (Lipez, J., concurring). Here, the NRC appointed an ASLB and the ASLB hear", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 F.3d 338", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_391/0338_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c345917562529f53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 11241, "end": 11254, "quote": "72 N.R.C. 197", "context": "ASLB based on an error of law or abuse of discretion. S.C. Elec. & Gas Co. & S.C. Pub. Serv. Auth., 72 N.R.C. 197, 200 (2010). The NRC correctly stated the standard for admission — that a petitioner must present “", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 N.R.C. 197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "02f8a166efd1f667", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 11484, "end": 11512, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 2.309(f)(1)(vi).", "context": " that a genuine dispute exists with the applicant/licensee on a material issue of law or fact.” See 10 C.F.R. § 2.309(f)(1)(vi). That meant NextEra’s environmental report only needed to consider (1) baseload-power alternatives, ", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d82663726f31ec7c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 13676, "end": 13704, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 2.309(f)(1)(vi).", "context": "tioner provide sufficient information to show a genuine dispute on a material issue of law or fact. 10 C.F.R. § 2.309(f)(1)(vi). The Supreme Court has been clear that “the only procedural requirements imposed by NEPA are those s", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80db89ccdcb31daf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 13835, "end": 13842, "quote": "the Act", "context": "ar that “the only procedural requirements imposed by NEPA are those stated in the plain language of the Act.” Vt. Yankee, 435 U.S. at 548, 98 S.Ct. 1197. NEPA does not mandate particular hearing procedures, ", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15acf947691461fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 13857, "end": 13872, "quote": "435 U.S. at 548", "context": "edural requirements imposed by NEPA are those stated in the plain language of the Act.” Vt. Yankee, 435 U.S. at 548, 98 S.Ct. 1197. NEPA does not mandate particular hearing procedures, Balt. Gas & Elec. Co., 462 U.S", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "435 U.S. 519", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba61cd4e16ea77fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 13874, "end": 13887, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 1197", "context": "ts imposed by NEPA are those stated in the plain language of the Act.” Vt. Yankee, 435 U.S. at 548, 98 S.Ct. 1197. NEPA does not mandate particular hearing procedures, Balt. Gas & Elec. Co., 462 U.S. at 100-01, 10", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 1197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7fbb685df35dcc21", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 13965, "end": 13983, "quote": "462 U.S. at 100-01", "context": " at 548, 98 S.Ct. 1197. NEPA does not mandate particular hearing procedures, Balt. Gas & Elec. Co., 462 U.S. at 100-01, 103 S.Ct. 2246, and does not require hearings, Union of Concerned, Scientists, 920 F.2d at 56. “As", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "462 U.S. 87", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5bb1a1d709802fae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 13985, "end": 13999, "quote": "103 S.Ct. 2246", "context": "97. NEPA does not mandate particular hearing procedures, Balt. Gas & Elec. Co., 462 U.S. at 100-01, 103 S.Ct. 2246, and does not require hearings, Union of Concerned, Scientists, 920 F.2d at 56. “As a result, NEPA ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 2246", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb4810e72c661cf7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 14064, "end": 14078, "quote": "920 F.2d at 56", "context": " 462 U.S. at 100-01, 103 S.Ct. 2246, and does not require hearings, Union of Concerned, Scientists, 920 F.2d at 56. “As a result, NEPA does not alter the procedures agencies may employ in conducting public hearings", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "920 F.2d 50", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_920/0050_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9b7a39afba6106d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 14181, "end": 14184, "quote": "Id.", "context": "As a result, NEPA does not alter the procedures agencies may employ in conducting public hearings.” Id.\nFurther, the NEPA requirements are procedural in nature and do not mandate particular results or sp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "920 F.2d 50", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_920/0050_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "88ed3005d4dba6ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 14347, "end": 14358, "quote": "644 F.3d 26", "context": " not mandate particular results or specific standards. See United States v. Coal. for Buzzards Bay, 644 F.3d 26, 31 (1st Cir.2011). Rather, NEPA requires an agency to take a “hard look” at environmental conseque", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "644 F.3d 26", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_644/0026_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e4a7bf0c89c82645", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 14464, "end": 14473, "quote": "Id. at 31", "context": "1st Cir.2011). Rather, NEPA requires an agency to take a “hard look” at environmental consequences. Id. at 31.\nBN suggests that by requiring an alternative energy source to provide baseload power, the NRC defi", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "644 F.3d 26", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_644/0026_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3a5721bd3b69276c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 14725, "end": 14737, "quote": "938 F.2d 190", "context": "ly that it engaged in “outcome-controlled rigging.” See Citizens Against Burlington, Inc. v. Busey, 938 F.2d 190, 196 (D.C.Cir.1991) (stating agency cannot make objectives so narrow that outcome is a “foreordaine", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "938 F.2d 190", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_938/0190_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "84f48c2ebf352ac7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 15031, "end": 15043, "quote": "458 F.2d 827", "context": "nly consideration of reasonable alternatives. See, e.g., Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc. v. Morton, 458 F.2d 827, 837 (D.C.Cir.1972). That means “the concept of alternatives must be bounded by some notion of feas", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "458 F.2d 827", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_458/0827_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00180831bb9b5dec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 15165, "end": 15180, "quote": "435 U.S. at 551", "context": "That means “the concept of alternatives must be bounded by some notion of feasibility,” Vt. Yankee, 435 U.S. at 551, 98 S.Ct. 1197, which includes alternatives that are “technically and economically practical or fea", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "435 U.S. 519", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72caac79d320564b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 15182, "end": 15195, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 1197", "context": "oncept of alternatives must be bounded by some notion of feasibility,” Vt. Yankee, 435 U.S. at 551, 98 S.Ct. 1197, which includes alternatives that are “technically and economically practical or feasible,” Theodor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 1197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b9181a2569a1dcb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 15339, "end": 15350, "quote": "661 F.3d 66", "context": "nically and economically practical or feasible,” Theodore Roosevelt Conservation P’ship v. Salazar, 661 F.3d 66, 69 (D.C.Cir.2011) (quoting 43 C.F.R. § 46.420(b)) (internal quotation marks omitted). Moreover, an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "661 F.3d 66", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f3aee2e6bd1038e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 15379, "end": 15401, "quote": "43 C.F.R. § 46.420(b))", "context": "asible,” Theodore Roosevelt Conservation P’ship v. Salazar, 661 F.3d 66, 69 (D.C.Cir.2011) (quoting 43 C.F.R. § 46.420(b)) (internal quotation marks omitted). Moreover, an agency need only consider alternatives that will “", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3c7e49fd643a696", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 15554, "end": 15569, "quote": "938 F.2d at 195", "context": "ncy need only consider alternatives that will “bring about the ends” of the proposed action, Busey, 938 F.2d at 195, and where the agency is not itself the project’s sponsor, “consideration of alternatives may accor", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "938 F.2d 190", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_938/0190_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b0867490519d9ef8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 15767, "end": 15779, "quote": "17 F.3d 1502", "context": "ord substantial weight to the preferences of the applicant,” City of Grapevine v. Dep’t of Transp., 17 F.3d 1502, 1506 (D.C.Cir.1994) (quoting Busey, 938 F.2d at 197-98) (internal quotation mark omitted).\nNextEra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 F.3d 1502", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_17/1502_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e79a72532ce18866", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 15817, "end": 15835, "quote": "938 F.2d at 197-98", "context": "pplicant,” City of Grapevine v. Dep’t of Transp., 17 F.3d 1502, 1506 (D.C.Cir.1994) (quoting Busey, 938 F.2d at 197-98) (internal quotation mark omitted).\nNextEra operates a baseload power generator at Seabrook, and de", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "938 F.2d 190", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_938/0190_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4729f5f44041bb40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 16328, "end": 16340, "quote": "470 F.3d 676", "context": "hether such an alternative source could supply baseload power. Cf. Envtl. Law & Policy Ctr. v. NRC, 470 F.3d 676, 684 (7th Cir.2006) (upholding baseload generation as appropriate goal).\nBN then attempts an argume", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "470 F.3d 676", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_470/0676_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1529bb781717ed6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 17600, "end": 17613, "quote": "684 F.2d 1041", "context": "opriate for study at the time’ of drafting the EIS.” Roosevelt Campobello Int'l Park Comm’n v. EPA, 684 F.2d 1041, 1047 (1st Cir.1982) (quoting Seacoast Anti-Pollution League v. NRC, 598 F.2d 1221, 1228 (1st Cir.1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "684 F.2d 1041", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_684/1041_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5eca97221d43c8da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 17683, "end": 17696, "quote": "598 F.2d 1221", "context": "k Comm’n v. EPA, 684 F.2d 1041, 1047 (1st Cir.1982) (quoting Seacoast Anti-Pollution League v. NRC, 598 F.2d 1221, 1228 (1st Cir.1979)). Forecasting should be based on “existing technology and those developments w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "598 F.2d 1221", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_598/1221_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "60c15e55344e9d29", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 17871, "end": 17883, "quote": "547 F.2d 633", "context": " and those developments which can be extrapolated from it.” Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc. v. NRC, 547 F.2d 633, 639-40 (D.C.Cir.1976), rev’d on other grounds, Vt. Yankee, 435 U.S. 519, 98 S.Ct. 1197. This aspec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "547 F.2d 633", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_547/0633_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de1c7c12ac4420e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 17944, "end": 17956, "quote": "435 U.S. 519", "context": "Def. Council, Inc. v. NRC, 547 F.2d 633, 639-40 (D.C.Cir.1976), rev’d on other grounds, Vt. Yankee, 435 U.S. 519, 98 S.Ct. 1197. This aspect of the NRC’s framework does provide a “hard look” at alternatives.\nSubs", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "435 U.S. 519", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42773604ed1bafd6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 17958, "end": 17971, "quote": "98 S.Ct. 1197", "context": "Inc. v. NRC, 547 F.2d 633, 639-40 (D.C.Cir.1976), rev’d on other grounds, Vt. Yankee, 435 U.S. 519, 98 S.Ct. 1197. This aspect of the NRC’s framework does provide a “hard look” at alternatives.\nSubstantial deferen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 1197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5860421102be952f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 18287, "end": 18299, "quote": "519 U.S. 452", "context": "y’s position unless it is “plainly erroneous or inconsistent with the regulation.” Auer v. Robbins, 519 U.S. 452, 461, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997) (quoting Robertson v. Methow Valley Citizens Council, 49", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "519 U.S. 452", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_519/0452_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f86f00cf0b7a056f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 18306, "end": 18319, "quote": "117 S.Ct. 905", "context": " it is “plainly erroneous or inconsistent with the regulation.” Auer v. Robbins, 519 U.S. 452, 461, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997) (quoting Robertson v. Methow Valley Citizens Council, 490 U.S. 332, 359, 109", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 905", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_519/0452_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "965fc9930687ca73", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 18321, "end": 18335, "quote": "137 L.Ed.2d 79", "context": " erroneous or inconsistent with the regulation.” Auer v. Robbins, 519 U.S. 452, 461, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997) (quoting Robertson v. Methow Valley Citizens Council, 490 U.S. 332, 359, 109 S.Ct. 1835, 104", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 L. Ed. 2d 79", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_519/0452_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4c230361c5134608", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 18397, "end": 18409, "quote": "490 U.S. 332", "context": "52, 461, 117 S.Ct. 905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997) (quoting Robertson v. Methow Valley Citizens Council, 490 U.S. 332, 359, 109 S.Ct. 1835, 104 L.Ed.2d 351 (1989)) (internal quotation marks omitted). Because the NRC’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "490 U.S. 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b58ae1bb49a7367", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 18416, "end": 18430, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 1835", "context": "905, 137 L.Ed.2d 79 (1997) (quoting Robertson v. Methow Valley Citizens Council, 490 U.S. 332, 359, 109 S.Ct. 1835, 104 L.Ed.2d 351 (1989)) (internal quotation marks omitted). Because the NRC’s elaboration of its a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 1835", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0fa6653c62daae5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 18432, "end": 18447, "quote": "104 L.Ed.2d 351", "context": " 79 (1997) (quoting Robertson v. Methow Valley Citizens Council, 490 U.S. 332, 359, 109 S.Ct. 1835, 104 L.Ed.2d 351 (1989)) (internal quotation marks omitted). Because the NRC’s elaboration of its admissibility stan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 L. Ed. 2d 351", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "050df07c24aa92e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 18602, "end": 18629, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 2.309(f)(1)(vi)", "context": "e NRC’s elaboration of its admissibility standard was generally reasonable and consistent with both 10 C.F.R. § 2.309(f)(1)(vi) and NEPA, BN’s challenge to the standard fails.\nB. The NRC’s Application of its Admissibility Stand", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9cf6a2a7ea6d2f07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 18976, "end": 18990, "quote": "5 U.S.C. § 706", "context": " they are “arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or otherwise not in accordance with law.” 5 U.S.C. § 706(2)(A); Massachusetts, 522 F.3d at 126. Indeed, “[t]he [AEA] is hallmarked by the amount of discreti", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "5 U.S.C. § 706", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2c081a29b8158a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 18985, "end": 18996, "quote": "§ 706(2)(A)", "context": " “arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or otherwise not in accordance with law.” 5 U.S.C. § 706(2)(A); Massachusetts, 522 F.3d at 126. Indeed, “[t]he [AEA] is hallmarked by the amount of discretion gra", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6eef4f086dcf01c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 19013, "end": 19028, "quote": "522 F.3d at 126", "context": "abuse of discretion, or otherwise not in accordance with law.” 5 U.S.C. § 706(2)(A); Massachusetts, 522 F.3d at 126. Indeed, “[t]he [AEA] is hallmarked by the amount of discretion granted the Commission in working t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "522 F.3d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_522/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3d055d8f2da4faa6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 19181, "end": 19194, "quote": "878 F.2d 1516", "context": " discretion granted the Commission in working to achieve the statute’s ends.” Massachusetts v. NRC, 878 F.2d 1516, 1523 (1st Cir.1989).\n“An agency’s decision is not arbitrary and capricious if that decision was ba", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "878 F.2d 1516", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_878/1516_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "edd218dcae715c85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 19417, "end": 19427, "quote": "535 F.3d 1", "context": " the relevant factors and if it did not commit a clear error of judgment.” Town of Winthrop v. FAA, 535 F.3d 1, 8 (1st Cir.2008). A decision fails “if the agency relied on improper factors, failed to consider p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "535 F.3d 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_535/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b4c5f73c60be9c53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 19798, "end": 19810, "quote": "127 F.3d 104", "context": "nce of opinion or the application of agency expertise.” Associated Fisheries of Me., Inc. v. Daley, 127 F.3d 104, 109 (1st Cir.1997).\nBN sounds a theme which has no record support — that the NRC improperly made a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "127 F.3d 104", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_127/0104_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fff05908734dcdfd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 20789, "end": 20804, "quote": "54 Fed. Reg. 33", "context": "e Rules of Practice for Domestic Licensing Proceedings — Procedural Changes in the Hearing Process, 54 Fed. Reg. 33, 168, 33, 170 (Aug. 11, 1989) (imposing requirement that to be admissible a contention must provide", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "54 FR 33", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a1b8522e04fc2fa2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 20983, "end": 21011, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 2.309(f)(1)(vi).", "context": "ntention must provide “sufficient information ... to show that a genuine dispute exists”); see also 10 C.F.R. § 2.309(f)(1)(vi). Congress was concerned and called for change because “[s]erious hearing delays — of months or years", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e02477ab056c9c12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 21249, "end": 21262, "quote": "54 N.R.C. 349", "context": "ted and then sifted through poorly defined or supported contentions.” Dominion Nuclear Conn., Inc., 54 N.R.C. 349, 358, 2001 WL 1563173 (2000). So, the NRC adopted the new rules to “raise the threshold” for admitt", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 N.R.C. 349", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e1e08f793e2f2a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 21269, "end": 21284, "quote": "2001 WL 1563173", "context": "through poorly defined or supported contentions.” Dominion Nuclear Conn., Inc., 54 N.R.C. 349, 358, 2001 WL 1563173 (2000). So, the NRC adopted the new rules to “raise the threshold” for admitting contentions. 54 Fe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2001 WL 1563173", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f28d519aec439220", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 21379, "end": 21401, "quote": "54 Fed. Reg. at 33,168", "context": "63173 (2000). So, the NRC adopted the new rules to “raise the threshold” for admitting contentions. 54 Fed. Reg. at 33,168. “Materials cited as the basis for a contention are subject to scrutiny by the board to determine w", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "989c896b7c48c8c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 21589, "end": 21602, "quote": "72 N.R.C. 720", "context": " determine whether they actually support the facts alleged,” Calvert Cliffs 3 Nuclear Project, LLC, 72 N.R.C. 720, 750, 2010 WL 9007226 (2010); otherwise, the aims of the rules and of Congress would be thwarted.\nW", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 N.R.C. 720", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "359759fd47c17012", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 21609, "end": 21624, "quote": "2010 WL 9007226", "context": "hey actually support the facts alleged,” Calvert Cliffs 3 Nuclear Project, LLC, 72 N.R.C. 720, 750, 2010 WL 9007226 (2010); otherwise, the aims of the rules and of Congress would be thwarted.\nWe hold that the NRC’s ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2010 WL 9007226", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dde73981b837850f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 21895, "end": 21907, "quote": "522 U.S. 359", "context": "decisionmaking and was not arbitrary or capricious. See Allentown Mack Sales & Serv., Inc. v. NLRB, 522 U.S. 359, 374, 118 S.Ct. 818, 139 L.Ed.2d 797 (1998) (requiring agency adjudications to be subject to requir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "522 U.S. 359", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_522/0359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e01df6b006d0e5b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 21914, "end": 21927, "quote": "118 S.Ct. 818", "context": "was not arbitrary or capricious. See Allentown Mack Sales & Serv., Inc. v. NLRB, 522 U.S. 359, 374, 118 S.Ct. 818, 139 L.Ed.2d 797 (1998) (requiring agency adjudications to be subject to requirement of reasoned de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 S. Ct. 818", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_522/0359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe08617fb072ac65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 21929, "end": 21944, "quote": "139 L.Ed.2d 797", "context": "ry or capricious. See Allentown Mack Sales & Serv., Inc. v. NLRB, 522 U.S. 359, 374, 118 S.Ct. 818, 139 L.Ed.2d 797 (1998) (requiring agency adjudications to be subject to requirement of reasoned decisionmaking). Th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "139 L. Ed. 2d 797", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_522/0359_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7718d488997004a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 26119, "end": 26152, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 2.309(c)(1)(i)-(iii).", "context": " license renewal, NRC regulations would permit the filing of a new contention, if timely submitted. 10 C.F.R. § 2.309(c)(1)(i)-(iii). NRC’s counsel confirmed that at oral argument. See Massachusetts, 522 F.3d at 130 (NRC bound by adm", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b04e9f8eaacef978", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 26219, "end": 26234, "quote": "522 F.3d at 130", "context": "10 C.F.R. § 2.309(c)(1)(i)-(iii). NRC’s counsel confirmed that at oral argument. See Massachusetts, 522 F.3d at 130 (NRC bound by admissions to court). Of course, to be admitted, any newly filed contention would sti", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "522 F.3d 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_522/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "51cd6a620e84ef18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 26384, "end": 26402, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 2.309.", "context": " be admitted, any newly filed contention would still need to meet the admissibility requirements in 10 C.F.R. § 2.309.\nThe petition for review is denied.\n. The NRC considers a license renewal to be a major federal acti", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "555c46966f16015f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 26657, "end": 26680, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 51.20(b)(2)", "context": "ironment and so requires its staff to prepare an environmental impact statement for such an action. 10 C.F.R. § 51.20(b)(2); id. § 51.95(c).\n. In their analysis of alternatives, applicants may use information from the NRC's", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "968eb0e1414c2e96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 26682, "end": 26685, "quote": "id.", "context": "its staff to prepare an environmental impact statement for such an action. 10 C.F.R. § 51.20(b)(2); id. § 51.95(c).\n. In their analysis of alternatives, applicants may use information from the NRC's Gene", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5c63f5b029337df7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 26686, "end": 26696, "quote": "§ 51.95(c)", "context": "staff to prepare an environmental impact statement for such an action. 10 C.F.R. § 51.20(b)(2); id. § 51.95(c).\n. In their analysis of alternatives, applicants may use information from the NRC's Generic Environ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83752bce926a18fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 26977, "end": 26996, "quote": "61 Fed. Reg. 28,467", "context": "ternatives. Final Rule, Environmental Review for Renewal of Nuclear Power Plant Operating Licenses, 61 Fed. Reg. 28,467, 28,471-73 (June 5, 1996). That is not directly involved here because alternative energy sources mu", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "61 FR 28,467", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cbee0976217fb442", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 27157, "end": 27173, "quote": "Id. at 28,471-73", "context": "e because alternative energy sources must be further evaluated in individual licensing proceedings. Id. at 28,471-73; see 10 C.F.R. § 51.53(c)(2).\n. Baseload power means that energy is produced at near full capacity,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9817f59ee0b5939b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 27179, "end": 27203, "quote": "10 C.F.R. § 51.53(c)(2).", "context": "energy sources must be further evaluated in individual licensing proceedings. Id. at 28,471-73; see 10 C.F.R. § 51.53(c)(2).\n. Baseload power means that energy is produced at near full capacity, with high availability. Envtl", "category": "cfr", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e27ac19919a2638f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 27331, "end": 27343, "quote": "470 F.3d 676", "context": " energy is produced at near full capacity, with high availability. Envtl. Law & Policy Ctr. v. NRC, 470 F.3d 676, 679 (7th Cir.2006). Baseload generating sources, such as nuclear plants, have a 90-97% capacity fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "470 F.3d 676", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_470/0676_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e64694d9e64819fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 27721, "end": 27734, "quote": "461 Mass. 166", "context": "operations during the same time. Alliance to Protect Nantucket Sound, Inc. v. Dep’t of Pub. Utils., 461 Mass. 166, 959 N.E.2d 413, 426 n. 25 (2011). According to the environmental report, wind power has a capacity", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "461 Mass. 166", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b3eb1e145e49943a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 27736, "end": 27750, "quote": "959 N.E.2d 413", "context": "ng the same time. Alliance to Protect Nantucket Sound, Inc. v. Dep’t of Pub. Utils., 461 Mass. 166, 959 N.E.2d 413, 426 n. 25 (2011). According to the environmental report, wind power has a capacity factor of 20-40", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "959 N.E.2d 413", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6426a7cf7a623e11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 28937, "end": 28949, "quote": "40 N.R.C. 43", "context": "y 2015.”\n. This NRC standard differs from the summary judgment standard. See Gulf States Util. Co., 40 N.R.C. 43, 51 (1994). The NRC imposed the requirement to make the admission of contentions more difficult aft", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 N.R.C. 43", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d217bcdb70565da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 29191, "end": 29204, "quote": "54 N.R.C. 349", "context": "delays caused by poorly defined and poorly supported contentions. See Dominion Nuclear Conn., Inc., 54 N.R.C. 349, 358, 2001 WL 1563173 (2001).\n. Within this line of argument, BN also takes issue with the NRC's ci", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 N.R.C. 349", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b367abe01b17011b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 29211, "end": 29226, "quote": "2001 WL 1563173", "context": "rly defined and poorly supported contentions. See Dominion Nuclear Conn., Inc., 54 N.R.C. 349, 358, 2001 WL 1563173 (2001).\n. Within this line of argument, BN also takes issue with the NRC's citation to Town of Wint", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2001 WL 1563173", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff2f21d3b86f3785", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 29339, "end": 29349, "quote": "535 F.3d 1", "context": "thin this line of argument, BN also takes issue with the NRC's citation to Town of Winthrop v. FAA, 535 F.3d 1, 11-13 (1st Cir.2008), which the NRC cited for the proposition that an environmental impact stateme", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "535 F.3d 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_535/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7590d4b35d38dc27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 30269, "end": 30285, "quote": "684 F.2d at 1047", "context": "nsider \"significant alternatives,” brought to their attention by the public, see, e.g., Campobello, 684 F.2d at 1047, does not require the granting of a hearing simply because the public proposes some alternative.\n. ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "684 F.2d 1041", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_684/1041_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7b8576be8eed5683", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 30476, "end": 30488, "quote": "510 F.2d 796", "context": "ative.\n. BN asserts that the NRC’s reliance on Carolina Environmental Study Group v. United States, 510 F.2d 796 (D.C.Cir.1975), which the NRC cited for the proposition that it need not consider “remote and specu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "510 F.2d 796", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_510/0796_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "da84e8ae1cbc56e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 31193, "end": 31205, "quote": "208 F.3d 288", "context": " portion of its argument. Thus, this argument is waived. See Waste Mgmt. Holdings, Inc. v. Mowbray, 208 F.3d 288, 299 (1st Cir.2000). These exhibits purportedly show that by interconnecting offshore wind farms, o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "208 F.3d 288", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_208/0288_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0f85129606d4c5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_704/0012_01/index.html", "start": 32672, "end": 32687, "quote": "208 F.3d at 299", "context": " source of baseload power. The argument was not raised in the opening brief and is waived. Mowbray, 208 F.3d at 299. Further, Next-Era’s environmental report concluded that offshore wind was not technically proven, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "208 F.3d 288", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_208/0288_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f7b245a2077978b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 8613, "end": 8625, "quote": "712 F.3d 865", "context": " law to its request for injunctive relief. We review this claim de novo, see Woollard v. Gallagher, 712 F.3d 865, 873 (4th Cir.2013) (de novo review governs district court decision on injunctive relief when “cont", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "712 F.3d 865", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_712/0865_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1f46d596d155ae3c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 9016, "end": 9028, "quote": "837 F.2d 171", "context": " claim for a permanent injunction. See Capital Tool and Mfg. Co., Inc. v. Maschinenfabrik Herkules, 837 F.2d 171, 172 (4th Cir.1988) (Erie doctrine requires courts to apply state substantive law to a request for ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "837 F.2d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_837/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c5e693fb02959d97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 9261, "end": 9267, "quote": "§ 2943", "context": "versity cases); see also 11A Charles Alan Wright & Arthur R. Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 2943 (3d ed. 2014) (Erie rationale extends to requests for injunctive relief). According to Lord & Taylo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5840e64d2c04d0e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 10917, "end": 10927, "quote": "434 Md. 37", "context": "ive covenant under Maryland law. See Dumbarton Improvement Ass’n, Inc. v. Druid Ridge Cemetery Co., 434 Md. 37, 73 A.3d 224, 233 (2013). But injunctive relief is not automatic, and the presumption in its favor ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "434 Md. 37", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "acf46a79d459b48d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 10929, "end": 10940, "quote": "73 A.3d 224", "context": " under Maryland law. See Dumbarton Improvement Ass’n, Inc. v. Druid Ridge Cemetery Co., 434 Md. 37, 73 A.3d 224, 233 (2013). But injunctive relief is not automatic, and the presumption in its favor does not disp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 A.3d 224", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a672d322dfecb90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 11129, "end": 11140, "quote": "376 Md. 240", "context": "es not displace a trial court’s traditional discretion when it sits in equity, see Roper v. Camuso, 376 Md. 240, 829 A.2d 589, 601 (2003) (“Trial courts are granted broad discretionary authority to issue equitab", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "376 Md. 240", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4690bdc9ae45c0c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 11142, "end": 11154, "quote": "829 A.2d 589", "context": "ce a trial court’s traditional discretion when it sits in equity, see Roper v. Camuso, 376 Md. 240, 829 A.2d 589, 601 (2003) (“Trial courts are granted broad discretionary authority to issue equitable relief.”). ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "829 A.2d 589", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60a223ae015b9c6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 11491, "end": 11506, "quote": "148 Md.App. 190", "context": "restrictive covenants and real property rights are concerned. Chestnut Real Estate P’ship v. Huber, 148 Md.App. 190, 811 A.2d 389, 401 (Md.Ct.Spec.App.2002); see also Redner’s Mkts., Inc. v. Joppatowne G.P. L.P., Ci", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "148 Md. App. 190", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f116ea2838f9b4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 11508, "end": 11520, "quote": "811 A.2d 389", "context": "ants and real property rights are concerned. Chestnut Real Estate P’ship v. Huber, 148 Md.App. 190, 811 A.2d 389, 401 (Md.Ct.Spec.App.2002); see also Redner’s Mkts., Inc. v. Joppatowne G.P. L.P., Civ. A. No. 11-1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "811 A.2d 389", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "824e9bfea9441e67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 11629, "end": 11644, "quote": "2013 WL 2903285", "context": ".Ct.Spec.App.2002); see also Redner’s Mkts., Inc. v. Joppatowne G.P. L.P., Civ. A. No. 11-1864-RDB, 2013 WL 2903285, at *5 (D.Md. June 13, 2013).\nThe parties dispute the precise scope of this equitable discretion an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2013 WL 2903285", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da07fa7dab9426f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 12464, "end": 12475, "quote": "191 Md. 451", "context": "ficult” or require “long-continued supervision” by the court. See Edison Realty Co. v. Bauernschub, 191 Md. 451, 62 A.2d 354, 358 (1948). So, for instance, an injunction may be denied as infeasible if it would c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "191 Md. 451", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "becf5bcf06d25a84", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 12477, "end": 12488, "quote": "62 A.2d 354", "context": "quire “long-continued supervision” by the court. See Edison Realty Co. v. Bauernschub, 191 Md. 451, 62 A.2d 354, 358 (1948). So, for instance, an injunction may be denied as infeasible if it would compel the par", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "62 A.2d 354", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "add613e2d8a356b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 12754, "end": 12768, "quote": "95 Md.App. 253", "context": "o closely monitor the caliber of their per formance. See, e.g., M. Leo Storch L.P. v. Erol’s, Inc., 95 Md.App. 253, 620 A.2d 408, 412-14 (Md.Ct.Spec.App.1993) (denying injunction to enforce continuous-operation lea", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 Md. App. 253", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8461780640eedb2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 12770, "end": 12782, "quote": "620 A.2d 408", "context": "r the caliber of their per formance. See, e.g., M. Leo Storch L.P. v. Erol’s, Inc., 95 Md.App. 253, 620 A.2d 408, 412-14 (Md.Ct.Spec.App.1993) (denying injunction to enforce continuous-operation lease clause on f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "620 A.2d 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be2636e83fd92277", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 12922, "end": 12936, "quote": "62 A.2d at 358", "context": "injunction to enforce continuous-operation lease clause on feasibility grounds); Edison Realty Co., 62 A.2d at 358 (specific performance may be denied where court would be required to issue “a multiplicity of order", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "62 A.2d 354", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8044552ef336932", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 13334, "end": 13345, "quote": "220 Md. 399", "context": "ue them only where no other relief is possible. See Md. Trust Co. v. Tulip Realty Co. of Md., Inc., 220 Md. 399, 153 A.2d 275, 284 (1959). And the inquiry into feasibility is itself wide ranging and equitable in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "220 Md. 399", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70864e244bace36b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 13347, "end": 13359, "quote": "153 A.2d 275", "context": "where no other relief is possible. See Md. Trust Co. v. Tulip Realty Co. of Md., Inc., 220 Md. 399, 153 A.2d 275, 284 (1959). And the inquiry into feasibility is itself wide ranging and equitable in nature, with ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "153 A.2d 275", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11e66e4080e5918b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 13649, "end": 13661, "quote": "620 A.2d at ", "context": " as well as “the harm to be suffered” if an injunction is denied as infeasible. M. Leo Storch L.P., 620 A.2d at 412 (quoting Edison Realty Co., 62 A.2d at 358).\nWhether the district court properly exercised its d", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "620 A.2d 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7176c378dc558cbb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 13693, "end": 13707, "quote": "62 A.2d at 358", "context": "injunction is denied as infeasible. M. Leo Storch L.P., 620 A.2d at 412 (quoting Edison Realty Co., 62 A.2d at 358).\nWhether the district court properly exercised its discretion in determining that injunctive relie", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "62 A.2d 354", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c13e7957b0b9dfa3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 14717, "end": 14729, "quote": "673 F.3d 294", "context": "ally apply an abuse of discretion standard. See Ray Commc’ns, Inc. v. Clear Channel Commc’ns, Inc., 673 F.3d 294, 299 (4th Cir.2012) (reviewing application of the doctrine of laches for abuse of discretion); Bald", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "673 F.3d 294", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_673/0294_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "56c33268249f58dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 14856, "end": 14868, "quote": "714 F.3d 828", "context": "wing application of the doctrine of laches for abuse of discretion); Baldwin v. City of Greensboro, 714 F.3d 828, 833 (4th Cir.2013) (reviewing application of equitable tolling doctrine for abuse of discretion). ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "714 F.3d 828", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_714/0828_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "38ef849da9f49308", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 15551, "end": 15563, "quote": "576 F.3d 149", "context": "turb it only if we find that the court “committed a clear error of judgment.” Brown v. Nucor Corp., 576 F.3d 149, 161 (4th Cir.2009) (applying abuse of discretion standard to district court class-certification de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "576 F.3d 149", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_576/0149_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "63d7eee0b186d800", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 15716, "end": 15728, "quote": "178 F.3d 257", "context": "andard to district court class-certification determination (quoting Westberry v. Gislaved Gummi AB, 178 F.3d 257, 261 (4th Cir.1999))).\nLike the district court, we must take account of the practical realities of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "178 F.3d 257", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_178/0257_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "18dd5038d83b0226", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 16681, "end": 16696, "quote": "153 A.2d at 284", "context": "n to enforce that Maryland courts generally will grant it only as a last resort. See Md. Trust Co., 153 A.2d at 284.\nIn this case, affirmative injunctive relief would have been even more impractical than usual, than", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "153 A.2d 275", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f8236f4de941bf9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 17582, "end": 17597, "quote": "620 A.2d at 414", "context": "ation of the REA, at least until 2042 and potentially for over forty years. See M. Leo Storch L.P., 620 A.2d at 414 (declining to enforce continuous-operation clause because court would be required to monitor ongoin", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "620 A.2d 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5babb1f93e7a2502", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 18450, "end": 18465, "quote": "2013 WL 2903285", "context": " nothing like one that prohibits operation of a single nearby competitor, see Redner’s Mkts., Inc., 2013 WL 2903285, at *2 (enjoining operation of a rival grocery store in the same strip mall), or resolves a single ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2013 WL 2903285", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eade4fa16925bf2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 18640, "end": 18651, "quote": "398 Md. 657", "context": "l), or resolves a single dispute over misused office space, see City of Bowie v. MIE, Props., Inc., 398 Md. 657, 922 A.2d 509, 518, 538 (2007) (enjoining operation of a dance studio). By comparison, Maryland cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "398 Md. 657", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82ec7ae33d64d287", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 18653, "end": 18665, "quote": "922 A.2d 509", "context": "es a single dispute over misused office space, see City of Bowie v. MIE, Props., Inc., 398 Md. 657, 922 A.2d 509, 518, 538 (2007) (enjoining operation of a dance studio). By comparison, Maryland courts have found", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "922 A.2d 509", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9df4e7d89c48d86", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 18941, "end": 18956, "quote": "620 A.2d at 414", "context": "traightforward than these, involving purely bilateral commercial relations. See M. Leo Storch L.P., 620 A.2d at 414.(refusing to order a tenant to reoccupy leased .retail space on feasibility grounds). We can find n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "620 A.2d 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0fd47eeee5fff3c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0211_01/index.html", "start": 21685, "end": 21700, "quote": "576 F.3d at 161", "context": "an enough to persuade us that the district court did not commit a “clear error of judgment,” Brown, 576 F.3d at 161, in finding that injunctive relief would be infeasible. Continuous judicial supervision of commerci", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "576 F.3d 149", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_576/0149_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e75afd17de87820", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 573, "end": 585, "quote": "689 F.3d 764", "context": "reporting or referring information that they knew to be false.” Rattigan v. Holder (“Rattigan II”), 689 F.3d 764, 771 (D.C.Cir.2012). We remanded to the district court to see whether his evidence could meet that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "689 F.3d 764", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_689/0764_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5714976f417e44af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 2039, "end": 2054, "quote": "689 F.3d at 766", "context": "estigation and concluded that the security risks alleged by Leighton were “unfounded.” Rattigan II, 689 F.3d at 766.\nRattigan filed suit under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000e et seq., a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "689 F.3d 764", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_689/0764_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9f65022de2854169", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 2082, "end": 2091, "quote": "Title VII", "context": "risks alleged by Leighton were “unfounded.” Rattigan II, 689 F.3d at 766.\nRattigan filed suit under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000e et seq., alleging, among other things, that the", "category": "title_vii", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49789a6ef486da57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 2135, "end": 2143, "quote": "§§ 2000e", "context": "II, 689 F.3d at 766.\nRattigan filed suit under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000e et seq., alleging, among other things, that the decision to refer Leigh-ton’s memo to the Security ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/civil_rights/title_42/chapter_21/section_2000e/title42_sec2000e_677e5109a984/2000e_definitions_for_the_purposes_of_this_subchapter_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "28f444e3d5f36585", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 2444, "end": 2456, "quote": "484 U.S. 518", "context": "gment on the ground that the district court’s instructions violated Department of the Navy v. Egan, 484 U.S. 518, 108 S.Ct. 818, 98 L.Ed.2d 918 (1988), by inviting the jury to second guess the Security Division’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "484 U.S. 518", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86c2ab14e7db269a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 2458, "end": 2471, "quote": "108 S.Ct. 818", "context": "round that the district court’s instructions violated Department of the Navy v. Egan, 484 U.S. 518, 108 S.Ct. 818, 98 L.Ed.2d 918 (1988), by inviting the jury to second guess the Security Division’s decision to in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 S. Ct. 818", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "36c99fb3d08659fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 2473, "end": 2487, "quote": "98 L.Ed.2d 918", "context": "district court’s instructions violated Department of the Navy v. Egan, 484 U.S. 518, 108 S.Ct. 818, 98 L.Ed.2d 918 (1988), by inviting the jury to second guess the Security Division’s decision to initiate an invest", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 L. Ed. 2d 918", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c0b7a1e53e92c8ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 2631, "end": 2643, "quote": "643 F.3d 975", "context": "s the Security Division’s decision to initiate an investigation. Rattigan v. Holder (“Rattigan I”), 643 F.3d 975, 986 (D.C.Cir.2011). We then granted the government’s petition for rehearing and narrowed the realm", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "643 F.3d 975", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_643/0975_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d49d323317d61c47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 2865, "end": 2880, "quote": "689 F.3d at 771", "context": "’s claim could survive under Egan, imposing the “knowing falsehood” rule quoted above. Rattigan II, 689 F.3d at 771. Our remand ended in the district court’s grant of summary judgment for the government. See Rattiga", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "689 F.3d 764", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_689/0764_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "18d590b17f2b3e0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 2993, "end": 3009, "quote": "982 F.Supp.2d 69", "context": "ended in the district court’s grant of summary judgment for the government. See Rattigan v. Holder, 982 F.Supp.2d 69 (D.D.C.2013).\nLeighton’s memo made six claims: (1) that Rattigan occasionally wore Saudi national c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "982 F. Supp. 2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_982/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb25e7323f31bae7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 3943, "end": 3961, "quote": "643 F.3d at 978-79", "context": "sed to allow temporary duty staff to interact directly with the Saudi security service. Rattigan I, 643 F.3d at 978-79.\nWe have already recognized that Rattigan had conceded the truth of the facts underlying allegation", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "643 F.3d 975", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_643/0975_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "56f0ce1b69678d00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 4100, "end": 4115, "quote": "689 F.3d at 772", "context": "gan had conceded the truth of the facts underlying allegations (1), (2), (5), and (6). Rattigan II, 689 F.3d at 772. He now complains that Leighton’s memo presented these facts in a “misleading” manner. But Rattigan", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "689 F.3d 764", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_689/0764_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3290787e951841b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 4381, "end": 4384, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ed by assertion of a fact that, though true, is falsely framed so as to suggest a security concern. Id. Accordingly, these four allegations are not in dispute.\nAs to the remaining allegations, Rattigan f", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "689 F.3d 764", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_689/0764_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f01f7e2bff4983df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 4801, "end": 4811, "quote": "Id. at 771", "context": "liatory or discriminatory motive in reporting or referring information that they knew to be false.” Id. at 771. Motive and knowing falsity must unite in the same person. But there is no evidence that Leighton, ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "689 F.3d 764", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_689/0764_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5dadee652fb3c385", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 6250, "end": 6262, "quote": "562 U.S. 411", "context": "nlawfully motivated report of one agent with the act of another. See, e.g., Staub v. Proctor Hosp., 562 U.S. 411, 131 S.Ct. 1186, 1191, 1192, 179 L.Ed.2d 144 (2011); Griffin v. Washington Convention Ctr., 142 F.3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "562 U.S. 411", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_562/0411_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0ced145f87e31e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 6264, "end": 6278, "quote": "131 S.Ct. 1186", "context": "vated report of one agent with the act of another. See, e.g., Staub v. Proctor Hosp., 562 U.S. 411, 131 S.Ct. 1186, 1191, 1192, 179 L.Ed.2d 144 (2011); Griffin v. Washington Convention Ctr., 142 F.3d 1308, 1311 (D.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "131 S. Ct. 1186", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_562/0411_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e5cdcbbab9a0118b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 6292, "end": 6307, "quote": "179 L.Ed.2d 144", "context": "th the act of another. See, e.g., Staub v. Proctor Hosp., 562 U.S. 411, 131 S.Ct. 1186, 1191, 1192, 179 L.Ed.2d 144 (2011); Griffin v. Washington Convention Ctr., 142 F.3d 1308, 1311 (D.C.Cir.1998). But Rattigan II,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "179 L. Ed. 2d 144", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_562/0411_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d811d14f0c01c034", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 6355, "end": 6368, "quote": "142 F.3d 1308", "context": ".S. 411, 131 S.Ct. 1186, 1191, 1192, 179 L.Ed.2d 144 (2011); Griffin v. Washington Convention Ctr., 142 F.3d 1308, 1311 (D.C.Cir.1998). But Rattigan II, as we’ve said, requires joinder in at least one person of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "142 F.3d 1308", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_142/1308_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a9eff79d09c42d7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 6899, "end": 6918, "quote": "Rattigan at 195:6-9", "context": "ka had “no firsthand knowledge of anything that happened in Riyadh.” Deposition of William [sic] S. Rattigan at 195:6-9, Rattigan v. Ashcroft, 04-cv-2009 (D.D.C. Dec. 7, 2007). And he offers no evidence that Pyszczymuka", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": "982 F. Supp. 2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_982/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eaded8b329a80708", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 8915, "end": 8930, "quote": "689 F.3d at 771", "context": " information that they knew to be false,” the FBI is entitled to summary judgment. See Rattigan II, 689 F.3d at 771; Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a).\nRattigan also argues that the district court abused its discretion in denying ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "689 F.3d 764", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_689/0764_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "371535b98d7faade", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 9455, "end": 9470, "quote": "689 F.3d at 773", "context": "attigan had little reason to thoroughly develop evidence of knowing falsity in the district court.” 689 F.3d at 773.\nRattigan responded by seeking additional discovery that, despite successive rejections by the dist", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "689 F.3d 764", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_689/0764_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa47dab483e221a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 10415, "end": 10452, "quote": "Id. at 23:15-22, 27:21-28:3, 37:22-23", "context": "n Leighton’s credibility to demonstrate that the supervisors “should have known” he was unreliable. Id. at 23:15-22, 27:21-28:3, 37:22-23. The district court repeatedly rejected these requests, reminding Rattigan’s counsel that his burde", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f794e391a70aab12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 10636, "end": 10668, "quote": "Id. at 23:23-24, 28:4-5, 38:5-12", "context": "l that his burden was to demonstrate what Pyszezymuka actually knew, not what he should have known. Id. at 23:23-24, 28:4-5, 38:5-12.\nThe district court then gave Rattigan a third opportunity to focus his desired discovery, namely b", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6deb28b0785bc41c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 10875, "end": 10928, "quote": "Id. at 32:8-9, 33:19-21, 35:14-19, 42:15-16, 47:14-15", "context": "ding a discovery request in his response to the FBI’s motion for summary judgment under Rule 56(d). Id. at 32:8-9, 33:19-21, 35:14-19, 42:15-16, 47:14-15. The court could hardly have been more clear in its instruction that the request should be specific", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b5a4e73d587495e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 11155, "end": 11169, "quote": "id. at 47:1-19", "context": "rgeted to the issue of knowing falsity on the part of the employees with a motive to retaliate. See id. at 47:1-19 (“You then will give the specifics that you need: I need to depose Leigh-ton about X. I need to dep", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3282e2bd93684ab3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_780/0413_01/index.html", "start": 11454, "end": 11507, "quote": "id. at 23:25-24:1, 36:10-12, 45:18-20, 46:8-9, 47:7-8", "context": "hat he’s not a credible individual, that will be discovery that is not specific enough.”); see also id. at 23:25-24:1, 36:10-12, 45:18-20, 46:8-9, 47:7-8.\nRattigan then sought discovery on four topics: (1) Leighton’s background and credibility; (2) Leig", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94f405aa128eeb06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 2107, "end": 2122, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 351", "context": "e United States, among others, as a designated state on June 6, 2001. The PCT implementing statute, 35 U.S.C. § 351 et seq., requires the applicant to fulfill certain United States documentary and fee requirements w", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 351", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c3d53831eadd2692", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 2322, "end": 2337, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 371", "context": "ithin 30 months after the filing of the foreign priority application, here by December 6, 2002. See 35 U.S.C. § 371(c), (d); PCT art. 22. SCR Pharma-top did not file the required materials by December 6, 2002, and c", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e3c294ffbd99513", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 2332, "end": 2340, "quote": "§ 371(c)", "context": "onths after the filing of the foreign priority application, here by December 6, 2002. See 35 U.S.C. § 371(c), (d); PCT art. 22. SCR Pharma-top did not file the required materials by December 6, 2002, and cons", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99903da37959187e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 3084, "end": 3099, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 271", "context": "t of Delaware for infringement of the '218 patent. The suit was brought under the Hatch-Waxman Act, 35 U.S.C. § 271(e)(2), in response to Exela’s notice and filing of an Abbreviated New Drug Application and Paragrap", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 271", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_28/section_271/title35_sec271_3da7ea233a9d/271_infringement_of_patent_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "20f346fc651a0c6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 3094, "end": 3105, "quote": "§ 271(e)(2)", "context": "are for infringement of the '218 patent. The suit was brought under the Hatch-Waxman Act, 35 U.S.C. § 271(e)(2), in response to Exela’s notice and filing of an Abbreviated New Drug Application and Paragraph IV C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_28/section_271/title35_sec271_3da7ea233a9d/271_infringement_of_patent_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f362de27e53e299", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 3372, "end": 3390, "quote": "37 C.F.R. §§ 1.181", "context": " drug Ofirmev®.\nOn November 30, 2011 Exela filed the subject petition in the PTO, under the APA and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.181, 1.182, and 1.183, challenging the PTO’s revival of the patent application that led to the '218 pat", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "37 C.F.R. §§ 1.181", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "908b73d4b9f4e4b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 3699, "end": 3714, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 371", "context": "tion claiming priority under the PCT-implementing statute as then in effect. Exela pointed out that 35 U.S.C. § 371(d) limited the revival of such national stage applications to those in which the non-compliance was", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32fd64c49309dc3c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 3709, "end": 3717, "quote": "§ 371(d)", "context": "ing priority under the PCT-implementing statute as then in effect. Exela pointed out that 35 U.S.C. § 371(d) limited the revival of such national stage applications to those in which the non-compliance was “u", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6150d05a75bc9fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 4295, "end": 4310, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 371", "context": "ess it be shown to the satisfaction of the Director that such failure to comply was unavoidable....\n35 U.S.C. § 371(d) (2002). Exela argued that the PTO erred in applying its general revival regulation, 37 C.F.R. § ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14c1b0faeccc4964", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 4305, "end": 4313, "quote": "§ 371(d)", "context": "shown to the satisfaction of the Director that such failure to comply was unavoidable....\n35 U.S.C. § 371(d) (2002). Exela argued that the PTO erred in applying its general revival regulation, 37 C.F.R. § 1.1", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9a4bb60457c1c5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 4398, "end": 4415, "quote": "37 C.F.R. § 1.137", "context": "U.S.C. § 371(d) (2002). Exela argued that the PTO erred in applying its general revival regulation, 37 C.F.R. § 1.137, which provides:\nRevival of abandoned application, terminated reexamination proceeding, or lapsed p", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "37 C.F.R. § 1.137", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96b1bc0c593f7fcf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 5126, "end": 5143, "quote": "37 C.F.R. § 1.137", "context": ".., or a lapsed patent. A grantable petition pursuant to this paragraph must be accompanied by: ...\n37 C.F.R. § 1.137 (2000). Exela asserted that a PTO regulation cannot override a statute, and therefore, the PTO lack", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "37 C.F.R. § 1.137", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6a197620c3f1f51", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 6262, "end": 6274, "quote": "698 F.3d 168", "context": "e its decision was pending, the Fourth Circuit issued its decision in Hire Order, Ltd. v. Marianos, 698 F.3d 168 170 (4th Cir.2012), holding that for facial challenges to a federal regulation, the six-year limita", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "698 F.3d 168", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_698/0168_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "757838890633ff16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 6390, "end": 6406, "quote": "28 U.S.C. § 2401", "context": "12), holding that for facial challenges to a federal regulation, the six-year limitations period of 28 U.S.C. § 2401(a) starts to accrue when the regulation is adopted. The district court, on reconsideration, observe", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "28 U.S.C. § 2401", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eea8aa77d4a8d3a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 6400, "end": 6409, "quote": "§ 2401(a)", "context": "ng that for facial challenges to a federal regulation, the six-year limitations period of 28 U.S.C. § 2401(a) starts to accrue when the regulation is adopted. The district court, on reconsideration, observed t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbe42c4fce408654", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 6543, "end": 6560, "quote": "37 C.F.R. § 1.137", "context": "ion is adopted. The district court, on reconsideration, observed that the regulation here at issue, 37 C.F.R. § 1.137, was adopted in 1982, and that Exela presented a facial challenge to the regulation, for it sought ", "category": "cfr", "canonical": "37 C.F.R. § 1.137", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28d974b42abea862", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 7199, "end": 7213, "quote": "5 U.S.C. § 702", "context": "ion, or adversely affected or aggrieved by agency action within the meaning of a relevant statute.” 5 U.S.C. § 702. Exela stresses that the dominating consideration in APA actions is the “strong presumption that Co", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "5 U.S.C. § 702", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_5/section_702/title5_sec702_0a7797bbd1ff/702_right_of_review_a_person_suffering_legal_wrong_because_o_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "7fbf7084807d2eb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 7208, "end": 7214, "quote": "§ 702.", "context": "dversely affected or aggrieved by agency action within the meaning of a relevant statute.” 5 U.S.C. § 702. Exela stresses that the dominating consideration in APA actions is the “strong presumption that Con", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_5/section_702/title5_sec702_0a7797bbd1ff/702_right_of_review_a_person_suffering_legal_wrong_because_o_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "b456560aa5317ece", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 7419, "end": 7431, "quote": "476 U.S. 667", "context": " intends judicial review of administrative action,” Bowen v. Michigan Academy of Family Physicians, 476 U.S. 667, 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133, 90 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986). Exela states that the PTO’s action in reviving the Pha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "476 U.S. 667", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "822f8a620a8a3be8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 7438, "end": 7452, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2133", "context": "eview of administrative action,” Bowen v. Michigan Academy of Family Physicians, 476 U.S. 667, 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133, 90 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986). Exela states that the PTO’s action in reviving the Pharmatop application wa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87bbaf2993e1ef78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 7454, "end": 7468, "quote": "90 L.Ed.2d 623", "context": "trative action,” Bowen v. Michigan Academy of Family Physicians, 476 U.S. 667, 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133, 90 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986). Exela states that the PTO’s action in reviving the Pharmatop application was contrary to th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 L. Ed. 2d 623", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c2ad555f901cbdb3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 8382, "end": 8394, "quote": "467 U.S. 340", "context": " exists, the general presumption favoring judicial review of administrative action is controlling.” 467 U.S. 340, 350-51, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984).\nWe conclude that Congress did not intend to permit ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "467 U.S. 340", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb3e99157df8acde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 8404, "end": 8418, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2450", "context": "resumption favoring judicial review of administrative action is controlling.” 467 U.S. 340, 350-51, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984).\nWe conclude that Congress did not intend to permit judicial review for chal", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2450", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b24a568aa6e20fe2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 8420, "end": 8434, "quote": "81 L.Ed.2d 270", "context": "ing judicial review of administrative action is controlling.” 467 U.S. 340, 350-51, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984).\nWe conclude that Congress did not intend to permit judicial review for challenges such as t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 L. Ed. 2d 270", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dda1e94cc2bba816", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 8768, "end": 8781, "quote": "209 F.3d 1328", "context": "d is renewable by this court applying Federal Circuit law. See Helfgott & Karas, P.C. v. Dickinson, 209 F.3d 1328, 1334 (Fed.Cir.2000) (holding “[T]he question of whether the Commissioner has violated the APA in a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "209 F.3d 1328", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_209/1328_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c87841c603be594", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 9226, "end": 9238, "quote": "885 F.2d 843", "context": "ion; that question was resolved in the affirmative by this court’s decision in Morganroth v. Quigg, 885 F.2d 843 (Fed.Cir.1989). The issue here is whether a third party may collaterally challenge and obtain judic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "885 F.2d 843", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_885/0843_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "273923a3209c4121", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 9787, "end": 9800, "quote": "700 F.3d 1348", "context": "allenge of PTO revival rulings under the APA is not legislatively intended. Pregis Corp. v. Kappos, 700 F.3d 1348, 1357 (Fed.Cir.2012) (“[A] third party cannot sue the PTO under the APA to challenge a PTO decision", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "700 F.3d 1348", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_700/1348_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bbb3cd4da41aa03a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 10149, "end": 10164, "quote": "2012 WL 3638552", "context": "the Exela complaint is affirmed.\nAFFIRMED.\n. Exela Pharma Sciences, LLC v. Kappos, No. 1:12-cv-469, 2012 WL 3638552 (E.D.Va. Aug. 22, 2012); Exela Pharma Sciences, LLC v. Kappos, No. 1:12-cv-469, 2012 WL 6697068 (E.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2012 WL 3638552", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5fc2b270f667fd36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 10245, "end": 10260, "quote": "2012 WL 6697068", "context": "69, 2012 WL 3638552 (E.D.Va. Aug. 22, 2012); Exela Pharma Sciences, LLC v. Kappos, No. 1:12-cv-469, 2012 WL 6697068 (E.D.Va. Dec. 21, 2012) (Reconsideration Decision ).\n. The statute was amended, effective December ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2012 WL 6697068", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6c0211a135ccc5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 10927, "end": 10939, "quote": "543 F.3d 657", "context": " the court’s ruling in Aristocrat Technologies Australia PTY Ltd. v. International Game Technology, 543 F.3d 657 (Fed.Cir.2008). With all respect to my colleague, I do not share the view that Aristocrat was wrong", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "543 F.3d 657", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_543/0657_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6b143da7f94a8306", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 11451, "end": 11466, "quote": "543 F.3d at 663", "context": "efense by title 35 nor a ground specified in part II of title 35 as a condition for patentability.” 543 F.3d at 663. The court explained:\nIf any prosecution irregularity or procedural lapse, however minor, became gr", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "543 F.3d 657", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_543/0657_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7bc81a7521a05dfc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 11863, "end": 11866, "quote": "Id.", "context": "nly detract from the important legal issues to be resolved — primarily, infringement and validity..\nId.\nThe Patent Act is explicit as to the grounds for challenges to issued patents; these grounds do not", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "543 F.3d 657", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_543/0657_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa7db6072ac8439c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 12172, "end": 12187, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 282", "context": "n to excuse a tardy filing is not a statutory ground of invalidity or defense to infringement under 35 U.S.C. § 282, nor is it a ground on which third persons can initiate and participate' in post-issuance disputes,", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 282", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_29/section_282/title35_sec282_b3180b7a5df7/282_presumption_of_validity_defenses_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e5e7ebf3114a6e82", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 12561, "end": 12573, "quote": "115 F.3d 956", "context": "rosecution that “becomes irrelevant after the patent has issued.” Magnivision, Inc. v. Bonneau Co., 115 F.3d 956, 960 (Fed.Cir.1997); see also Norian Corp. v. Stryker Corp., 363 F.3d 1321, 1324 (Fed.Cir.2004) (“[", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 F.3d 956", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_115/0956_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "afc2b03d1e980511", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 12635, "end": 12648, "quote": "363 F.3d 1321", "context": "ion, Inc. v. Bonneau Co., 115 F.3d 956, 960 (Fed.Cir.1997); see also Norian Corp. v. Stryker Corp., 363 F.3d 1321, 1324 (Fed.Cir.2004) (“[T]he presumption of validity is not subject to being diluted by ‘procedural", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "363 F.3d 1321", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_363/1321_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6b13186e7bfe1365", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 12924, "end": 12939, "quote": "543 F.3d at 663", "context": "lative intent, and do not extend to “prosecution irregularities and procedural lapses.” Aristocrat, 543 F.3d at 663. The Supreme Court in Block v. Community Nutrition Institute, 467 U.S. 340, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "543 F.3d 657", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_543/0657_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d58473b70c0b9fa1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 13002, "end": 13014, "quote": "467 U.S. 340", "context": " lapses.” Aristocrat, 543 F.3d at 663. The Supreme Court in Block v. Community Nutrition Institute, 467 U.S. 340, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984), discussed the principles of challenge to administrative act", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "467 U.S. 340", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f3d093031970207", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 13016, "end": 13030, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2450", "context": "tocrat, 543 F.3d at 663. The Supreme Court in Block v. Community Nutrition Institute, 467 U.S. 340, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984), discussed the principles of challenge to administrative actions, and summar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2450", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a48a5135be06b99", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 13032, "end": 13046, "quote": "81 L.Ed.2d 270", "context": " at 663. The Supreme Court in Block v. Community Nutrition Institute, 467 U.S. 340, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984), discussed the principles of challenge to administrative actions, and summarized:\nWhether an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 L. Ed. 2d 270", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c4b7031cc44f09b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 13408, "end": 13423, "quote": "467 U.S. at 345", "context": "eme, its objectives, its legislative history, and the nature of the administrative action involved.\n467 U.S. at 345, 104 S.Ct. 2450. The recently enacted America Invents Act (AIA), which provides new mechanisms for ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "467 U.S. 340", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df818cd0d6286885", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 13425, "end": 13439, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2450", "context": "es, its legislative history, and the nature of the administrative action involved.\n467 U.S. at 345, 104 S.Ct. 2450. The recently enacted America Invents Act (AIA), which provides new mechanisms for third party atta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2450", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a0004fa03f18b521", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 13848, "end": 13863, "quote": "467 U.S. at 346", "context": "such a provision is sufficient reason to believe that Congress intended to foreclose [the action].” 467 U.S. at 346, 104 S.Ct. 2450. The statute concerning filing schedules under the Patent Cooperation Treaty was re", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "467 U.S. 340", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "001487f69d54bea0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 13865, "end": 13879, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2450", "context": "is sufficient reason to believe that Congress intended to foreclose [the action].” 467 U.S. at 346, 104 S.Ct. 2450. The statute concerning filing schedules under the Patent Cooperation Treaty was recently amended t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2450", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b242a88d9accdf3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 14035, "end": 14050, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 371", "context": "nt Cooperation Treaty was recently amended to remove the requirement that delay be unavoidable, see 35 U.S.C. § 371(d) (2013), demonstrating legislative knowledge of the issue decided in Aristocrat. However, Congres", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3453084d0b2f0c6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 14045, "end": 14053, "quote": "§ 371(d)", "context": "tion Treaty was recently amended to remove the requirement that delay be unavoidable, see 35 U.S.C. § 371(d) (2013), demonstrating legislative knowledge of the issue decided in Aristocrat. However, Congress m", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4be29dfb7c81d360", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 15605, "end": 15618, "quote": "700 F.3d 1348", "context": "is inconsistent with APA review by third parties in the district court. See Pregis Corp. v. Kappos, 700 F.3d 1348, 1357 (Fed.Cir.2012) (“[A] third party cannot sue the PTO under the APA to challenge a PTO decision", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "700 F.3d 1348", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_700/1348_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8a6bd7b32e60fbe4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 15987, "end": 15999, "quote": "476 U.S. 667", "context": " intends judicial review of administrative action,” Bowen v. Michigan Academy of Family Physicians, 476 U.S. 667, 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133, 90 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986), and because, since our precedent in Aristocrat Technol", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "476 U.S. 667", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5ec1d0e12df6500", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 16006, "end": 16020, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2133", "context": "eview of administrative action,” Bowen v. Michigan Academy of Family Physicians, 476 U.S. 667, 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133, 90 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986), and because, since our precedent in Aristocrat Technologies Australia PTY L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "92242bb96cdcf9cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 16022, "end": 16036, "quote": "90 L.Ed.2d 623", "context": "trative action,” Bowen v. Michigan Academy of Family Physicians, 476 U.S. 667, 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133, 90 L.Ed.2d 623 (1986), and because, since our precedent in Aristocrat Technologies Australia PTY Ltd. v. Internati", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 L. Ed. 2d 623", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d58c32a98b1dc55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 16158, "end": 16170, "quote": "543 F.3d 657", "context": "since our precedent in Aristocrat Technologies Australia PTY Ltd. v. International Game Technology, 543 F.3d 657 (Fed.Cir.2008), barred review of improper revival as a defense in infringement actions, the only av", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "543 F.3d 657", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_543/0657_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0cdac32f7c5588df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 16488, "end": 16506, "quote": "543 F.3d at 660-61", "context": "uld not assert improper revival of an abandoned patent application as a defense in that action. See 543 F.3d at 660-61. We need not decide here whether Aristocrat was correctly decided. Whether it was or not, the Paten", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "543 F.3d 657", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_543/0657_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d19037417bd47d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 16945, "end": 16960, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 282", "context": "ringement action because improper revival was not literally among the catalog of defenses listed in 35 U.S.C. § 282. See id. at 663-64. The panel noted that we have held that a “provision of the Patent Act not falli", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 282", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_29/section_282/title35_sec282_b3180b7a5df7/282_presumption_of_validity_defenses_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "230d92bbd1b9b186", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 16955, "end": 16961, "quote": "§ 282.", "context": "action because improper revival was not literally among the catalog of defenses listed in 35 U.S.C. § 282. See id. at 663-64. The panel noted that we have held that a “provision of the Patent Act not fallin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/patent/title_35/chapter_29/section_282/title35_sec282_b3180b7a5df7/282_presumption_of_validity_defenses_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "6956551c7f80346c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 16966, "end": 16979, "quote": "id. at 663-64", "context": "use improper revival was not literally among the catalog of defenses listed in 35 U.S.C. § 282. See id. at 663-64. The panel noted that we have held that a “provision of the Patent Act not falling within the liter", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43393e45040175d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 17091, "end": 17102, "quote": "section 282", "context": "noted that we have held that a “provision of the Patent Act not falling within the literal scope of section 282 may nevertheless provide a defense of noninfringement or invalidity.” Id. at 664 (relying on Quantu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9935391c1860e01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 17173, "end": 17183, "quote": "Id. at 664", "context": " literal scope of section 282 may nevertheless provide a defense of noninfringement or invalidity.” Id. at 664 (relying on Quantum Corp. v. Rodime, PLC, 65 F.3d 1577, 1584 (Fed.Cir.1995) (holding that a patente", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d87a3e4e9c708e91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 17226, "end": 17238, "quote": "65 F.3d 1577", "context": "e a defense of noninfringement or invalidity.” Id. at 664 (relying on Quantum Corp. v. Rodime, PLC, 65 F.3d 1577, 1584 (Fed.Cir.1995) (holding that a patentee who improperly enlarged the scope of its claims durin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "65 F.3d 1577", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_65/1577_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "656b190cfbaef8e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 17365, "end": 17380, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 305", "context": "ing that a patentee who improperly enlarged the scope of its claims during reexamination, violating 35 U.S.C. § 305, was subject to a defense of invalidity)). But the panel distinguished Quantum on the ground that t", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 305", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0db445ac12a87069", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 17779, "end": 17782, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ionally abandon its application, much less to attempt to persuade the PTO to improperly revive it.” Id.\nThere are four aspects of the Aristocrat opinion that in my view warrant its reconsideration.\nFirst", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "36d5b0f29613df9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 18010, "end": 18024, "quote": "132 S.Ct. 1367", "context": " the presumption of judicial review of agency action. See Sackett v. Envtl. Prot. Agency, - U.S. -, 132 S.Ct. 1367, 1373, 182 L.Ed.2d 367 (2012); Bowen, 476 U.S. at 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133; Block v. Cmty. Nutrition Ins", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 S. Ct. 1367", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_566/0120_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "abe2e5a4ef8026a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 18032, "end": 18047, "quote": "182 L.Ed.2d 367", "context": "dicial review of agency action. See Sackett v. Envtl. Prot. Agency, - U.S. -, 132 S.Ct. 1367, 1373, 182 L.Ed.2d 367 (2012); Bowen, 476 U.S. at 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133; Block v. Cmty. Nutrition Inst., 467 U.S. 340, 348-4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "182 L. Ed. 2d 367", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_566/0120_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a9126845b3b757b8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 18063, "end": 18078, "quote": "476 U.S. at 670", "context": " See Sackett v. Envtl. Prot. Agency, - U.S. -, 132 S.Ct. 1367, 1373, 182 L.Ed.2d 367 (2012); Bowen, 476 U.S. at 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133; Block v. Cmty. Nutrition Inst., 467 U.S. 340, 348-49, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 2", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "476 U.S. 667", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4431c06f6ff89b26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 18080, "end": 18094, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2133", "context": "nvtl. Prot. Agency, - U.S. -, 132 S.Ct. 1367, 1373, 182 L.Ed.2d 367 (2012); Bowen, 476 U.S. at 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133; Block v. Cmty. Nutrition Inst., 467 U.S. 340, 348-49, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984); see a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2133", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8f6ecfe68ef74b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 18128, "end": 18140, "quote": "467 U.S. 340", "context": "73, 182 L.Ed.2d 367 (2012); Bowen, 476 U.S. at 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133; Block v. Cmty. Nutrition Inst., 467 U.S. 340, 348-49, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984); see also 5 U.S.C. § 702 (conferring a general cause", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "467 U.S. 340", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62d30108395522fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 18150, "end": 18164, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2450", "context": "012); Bowen, 476 U.S. at 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133; Block v. Cmty. Nutrition Inst., 467 U.S. 340, 348-49, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984); see also 5 U.S.C. § 702 (conferring a general cause of action upon persons ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2450", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ca2454403fefd13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 18166, "end": 18180, "quote": "81 L.Ed.2d 270", "context": " U.S. at 670, 106 S.Ct. 2133; Block v. Cmty. Nutrition Inst., 467 U.S. 340, 348-49, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984); see also 5 U.S.C. § 702 (conferring a general cause of action upon persons “adversely affec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 L. Ed. 2d 270", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "503904aca6754e93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 18198, "end": 18212, "quote": "5 U.S.C. § 702", "context": "ock v. Cmty. Nutrition Inst., 467 U.S. 340, 348-49, 104 S.Ct. 2450, 81 L.Ed.2d 270 (1984); see also 5 U.S.C. § 702 (conferring a general cause of action upon persons “adversely affected or aggrieved by agency actio", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "5 U.S.C. § 702", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/title_5/section_702/title5_sec702_0a7797bbd1ff/702_right_of_review_a_person_suffering_legal_wrong_because_o_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "94eb88d366bde48e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 18743, "end": 18755, "quote": "115 F.3d 956", "context": "a case involving a minor procedural error in the PTO process. See Magnivision, Inc. v. Bonneau Co., 115 F.3d 956, 960 (Fed.Cir.1997) (holding that “[procedural lapses during examination [such as in that case, an ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 F.3d 956", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_115/0956_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0fd431e08621ee16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 19192, "end": 19207, "quote": "35 U.S.C. § 371", "context": "nce, and it allowed the PTO to reinstate the patent only when specific criteria were satisfied. See 35 U.S.C. § 371(d) (2002).\nThird, in Morganroth v. Quigg, 885 F.2d 843, 846 (Fed.Cir.1989), we held that review of ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "35 U.S.C. § 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "607cbbfde7f62e3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 19202, "end": 19210, "quote": "§ 371(d)", "context": "t allowed the PTO to reinstate the patent only when specific criteria were satisfied. See 35 U.S.C. § 371(d) (2002).\nThird, in Morganroth v. Quigg, 885 F.2d 843, 846 (Fed.Cir.1989), we held that review of the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96b1963ae4c66ffe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 19250, "end": 19262, "quote": "885 F.2d 843", "context": "hen specific criteria were satisfied. See 35 U.S.C. § 371(d) (2002).\nThird, in Morganroth v. Quigg, 885 F.2d 843, 846 (Fed.Cir.1989), we held that review of the PTO’s, refusal to revive a patent application was a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "885 F.2d 843", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_885/0843_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "089835eb640e7b11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 20125, "end": 20138, "quote": "753 F.3d 1208", "context": "d defense that is not specified in the statute. See, e.g., Gilead Scis., Inc. v. Natco Pharma Ltd., 753 F.3d 1208, 1212 (Fed.Cir.2014). Patent “misuse” is also a defense. See, e.g., Brulotte v. Thys Co., 379 U.S. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "753 F.3d 1208", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_753/1208_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cffd5591055be591", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 20229, "end": 20240, "quote": "379 U.S. 29", "context": "F.3d 1208, 1212 (Fed.Cir.2014). Patent “misuse” is also a defense. See, e.g., Brulotte v. Thys Co., 379 U.S. 29, 85 S.Ct. 176, 13 L.Ed.2d 99 (1964) (holding that charging royalties beyond life of the patent impe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "379 U.S. 29", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e679864ab18d7a9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 20242, "end": 20254, "quote": "85 S.Ct. 176", "context": "12 (Fed.Cir.2014). Patent “misuse” is also a defense. See, e.g., Brulotte v. Thys Co., 379 U.S. 29, 85 S.Ct. 176, 13 L.Ed.2d 99 (1964) (holding that charging royalties beyond life of the patent impermissibly enla", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 S. Ct. 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2c7622b9dbdbd1ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 20256, "end": 20269, "quote": "13 L.Ed.2d 99", "context": "14). Patent “misuse” is also a defense. See, e.g., Brulotte v. Thys Co., 379 U.S. 29, 85 S.Ct. 176, 13 L.Ed.2d 99 (1964) (holding that charging royalties beyond life of the patent impermissibly enlarges monopoly o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 L. Ed. 2d 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba797b69d597481c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 20420, "end": 20433, "quote": "616 F.3d 1318", "context": "e of the patent impermissibly enlarges monopoly of the patent); Princo Corp. v. Int’l Trade Comm’n, 616 F.3d 1318, 1326-29 (Fed.Cir.2010) (describing patent misuse and calling it “mainly a judicially created defen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "616 F.3d 1318", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_616/1318_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "81cc21a9ec7791d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_781/1349_01/index.html", "start": 20911, "end": 20928, "quote": "535 Fed.Appx. 919", "context": "the employer otherwise has no legal rights to the resultant invention.” Beriont v. GTE Labs., Inc., 535 Fed.Appx. 919, 923 (Fed.Cir.2013). These other cases cannot be so easily distinguished from the situation in Aris", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "535 F. App'x 919", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c219b5f24a0034e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 278, "end": 293, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": " categories of non-citizens subject to mandatory detention pending their removal proceedings. Under section 1226(c) of the revised INA, the Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”) is required to detain aliens who ha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "299ff85621c88259", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 532, "end": 547, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": " are] released.” The section contains no explicit provision for bail. When the constitutionality of section 1226(c) was challenged in Demore v. Kim, 538 U.S. 510, 123 S.Ct. 1708, 155 L.Ed.2d 724 (2003), statistics s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8f69ac48eecc6112", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 581, "end": 593, "quote": "538 U.S. 510", "context": " provision for bail. When the constitutionality of section 1226(c) was challenged in Demore v. Kim, 538 U.S. 510, 123 S.Ct. 1708, 155 L.Ed.2d 724 (2003), statistics showed that removal proceedings were completed ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "538 U.S. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06d8a86e51bc0f90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 595, "end": 609, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": " bail. When the constitutionality of section 1226(c) was challenged in Demore v. Kim, 538 U.S. 510, 123 S.Ct. 1708, 155 L.Ed.2d 724 (2003), statistics showed that removal proceedings were completed within forty-sev", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3cef4b31b5d0efbc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 611, "end": 626, "quote": "155 L.Ed.2d 724", "context": "constitutionality of section 1226(c) was challenged in Demore v. Kim, 538 U.S. 510, 123 S.Ct. 1708, 155 L.Ed.2d 724 (2003), statistics showed that removal proceedings were completed within forty-seven days in eighty", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "155 L. Ed. 2d 724", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1199bbeaa8db8c09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 792, "end": 802, "quote": "Id. at 529", "context": " within forty-seven days in eighty-five percent of cases in which aliens were mandatorily detained. Id. at 529, 123 S.Ct. 1708. Emphasizing the relative brevity of detention in most cases, the Court concluded t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "993660c095c81674", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 804, "end": 818, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "y-seven days in eighty-five percent of cases in which aliens were mandatorily detained. Id. at 529, 123 S.Ct. 1708. Emphasizing the relative brevity of detention in most cases, the Court concluded that detention du", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d1047f7071dfcc89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 979, "end": 989, "quote": "Id. at 531", "context": ", the Court concluded that detention during removal proceedings was “constitutionally permissible.” Id. at 531, 123 S.Ct. 1708.\nHowever, the passage of the IIRIRA, which, among other things, expanded the defini", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1addfafbc81c3a47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 991, "end": 1005, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "concluded that detention during removal proceedings was “constitutionally permissible.” Id. at 531, 123 S.Ct. 1708.\nHowever, the passage of the IIRIRA, which, among other things, expanded the definition of criminal", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9d4228bd446b6be5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 1543, "end": 1558, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "ur hundred thousand aliens every year, two-thirds of whom were subject to mandatory detention under section 1226(c). Not surprisingly, the time that each immigrant spends in detention has also risen substantially. I", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b64c1e6c71a97d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 1878, "end": 1893, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "l order of removal was approximately thirty-nine days. In 2003, the average detention time for most section 1226(c) detainees was approximately forty-seven days. See Demore, 538 U.S. at 529, 123 S.Ct. 1708. Since th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd0fe610611a8a20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 1952, "end": 1967, "quote": "538 U.S. at 529", "context": "e detention time for most section 1226(c) detainees was approximately forty-seven days. See Demore, 538 U.S. at 529, 123 S.Ct. 1708. Since then, the situation has worsened considerably. ICE has not provided statisti", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "538 U.S. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ca7c5540834adb23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 1969, "end": 1983, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "for most section 1226(c) detainees was approximately forty-seven days. See Demore, 538 U.S. at 529, 123 S.Ct. 1708. Since then, the situation has worsened considerably. ICE has not provided statistics regarding the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "646410cdf3231faf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 2207, "end": 2222, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "datory detainees spend in detention. It is clear, however, that today, a non-citizen detained under section 1226(c) who contests his or her removal regularly spends many months and sometimes years in detention due t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "937e4046f5e70c90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 3320, "end": 3335, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": " of drug related offenses, sentenced to probation, and taken into custody by ICE agents pursuant to section 1226(c), over three years into his five-year probation term. After four months in immigration custody, Lora", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "474754eade8b04d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 3594, "end": 3609, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "g other things, that he was eligible to apply for bail because the mandatory detention provision of section 1226(c) did not apply to him because he had not been taken into custody “when released” and that indefinite", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f12c1ffac19c2345", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 4524, "end": 4539, "quote": "section 1226(e)", "context": "is appeal is whether, as Lora argues and the District Court ruled, the “when released” provision of section 1226(e) applies only if the government takes an alien into immigration custody immediately following his re", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9af46ebd74a36013", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 4917, "end": 4932, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": " issue we agree with the government and conclude that Lora was subject to mandatory detention under section 1226(c).\nHowever, we agree with Lora’s constitutional argument. While the Supreme Court has held “that the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01ef8b0fd56b821b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 5165, "end": 5180, "quote": "538 U.S. at 526", "context": "etain deportable aliens during the limited period necessary for their removal proceedings,” Demore, 538 U.S. at 526, 123 S.Ct. 1708, it has made clear that the indefinite detention of a non-citizen “raise[s] serious", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "538 U.S. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eeafcfb15f436e79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 5182, "end": 5196, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "aliens during the limited period necessary for their removal proceedings,” Demore, 538 U.S. at 526, 123 S.Ct. 1708, it has made clear that the indefinite detention of a non-citizen “raise[s] serious constitutional ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1bf36b3f8d43e52f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 5512, "end": 5524, "quote": "533 U.S. 678", "context": "raint— lies at the heart of the liberty that [the Due Process] Clause protects,” Zadvydas v. Davis, 533 U.S. 678, 682, 690, 121 S.Ct. 2491, 150 L.Ed.2d 653 (2001). Following this guidance, we hold that, in order ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "533 U.S. 678", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "27986a5d207f633b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 5536, "end": 5550, "quote": "121 S.Ct. 2491", "context": " of the liberty that [the Due Process] Clause protects,” Zadvydas v. Davis, 533 U.S. 678, 682, 690, 121 S.Ct. 2491, 150 L.Ed.2d 653 (2001). Following this guidance, we hold that, in order to avoid significant const", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "121 S. Ct. 2491", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d47a9b0d7e7daa4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 5552, "end": 5567, "quote": "150 L.Ed.2d 653", "context": "that [the Due Process] Clause protects,” Zadvydas v. Davis, 533 U.S. 678, 682, 690, 121 S.Ct. 2491, 150 L.Ed.2d 653 (2001). Following this guidance, we hold that, in order to avoid significant constitutional concern", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "150 L. Ed. 2d 653", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2fd98a75764cc3bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 5700, "end": 5715, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": " we hold that, in order to avoid significant constitutional concerns surrounding the application of section 1226(c), it must be read to contain an implicit temporal limitation. In reaching this result, we join every", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b85fa67daa1c6ccd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 6035, "end": 6048, "quote": "715 F.3d 1127", "context": "n for longer than six months without a bond hearing affronts due process. See Rodriguez v. Robbins, 715 F.3d 1127 (9th Cir.2013). Aecordingly, we affirm the District Court’s decision to grant the petition.\nBACKGRO", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 F.3d 1127", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_715/1127_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "70e866e881929deb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 7254, "end": 7263, "quote": "§§ 220.16", "context": "ght of one ounce or more, and criminal use of drug paraphernalia in violation of New York Penal Law §§ 220.16, 220.50. Lora was sentenced to five years of probation. He was not sentenced to any period of incar", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "884712822044099b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 7812, "end": 7826, "quote": "§ 237(a)(2)(B)", "context": "earny, New Jersey, where he was detained without bond. Lora was charged with removability under INA § 237(a)(2)(B), 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(B), for having been convicted of a crime involving a controlled substance, a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3922eec34d802011", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 7828, "end": 7843, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1227", "context": "y, where he was detained without bond. Lora was charged with removability under INA § 237(a)(2)(B), 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(B), for having been convicted of a crime involving a controlled substance, and INA § 237(a)(2", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1227/title8_sec1227_f15455af2229/1227_deportable_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f77bdd950433212", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 7837, "end": 7852, "quote": "§ 1227(a)(2)(B)", "context": "he was detained without bond. Lora was charged with removability under INA § 237(a)(2)(B), 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(B), for having been convicted of a crime involving a controlled substance, and INA § 237(a)(2)(A)(iii)", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1227/title8_sec1227_f15455af2229/1227_deportable_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "968ae5f662f4c4c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 7933, "end": 7952, "quote": "§ 237(a)(2)(A)(iii)", "context": ".C. § 1227(a)(2)(B), for having been convicted of a crime involving a controlled substance, and INA § 237(a)(2)(A)(iii), 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(A)(iii), for having been convicted of an aggravated felony, namely, traffick", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88acf6c73b547193", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 7954, "end": 7969, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1227", "context": "for having been convicted of a crime involving a controlled substance, and INA § 237(a)(2)(A)(iii), 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(A)(iii), for having been convicted of an aggravated felony, namely, trafficking in a controll", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1227/title8_sec1227_f15455af2229/1227_deportable_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "e32faa92dcb2584a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 7963, "end": 7983, "quote": "§ 1227(a)(2)(A)(iii)", "context": "g been convicted of a crime involving a controlled substance, and INA § 237(a)(2)(A)(iii), 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(A)(iii), for having been convicted of an aggravated felony, namely, trafficking in a controlled substance a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1227/title8_sec1227_f15455af2229/1227_deportable_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d03da8cd66c29a57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 8100, "end": 8115, "quote": "§ 101(a)(43)(B)", "context": " convicted of an aggravated felony, namely, trafficking in a controlled substance as defined in INA § 101(a)(43)(B), 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43)(B). DHS took the position that Lora’s removal charges rendered him subject ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "515980de9a037760", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 8117, "end": 8132, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1101", "context": "aggravated felony, namely, trafficking in a controlled substance as defined in INA § 101(a)(43)(B), 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43)(B). DHS took the position that Lora’s removal charges rendered him subject to mandatory dete", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1101", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1101/title8_sec1101_be91e40b8b82/1101_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "992337ad0e9d4967", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 8126, "end": 8142, "quote": "§ 1101(a)(43)(B)", "context": "d felony, namely, trafficking in a controlled substance as defined in INA § 101(a)(43)(B), 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43)(B). DHS took the position that Lora’s removal charges rendered him subject to mandatory detention unde", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1101/title8_sec1101_be91e40b8b82/1101_definitions_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "2989f13c8ce2b02d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 8244, "end": 8259, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "DHS took the position that Lora’s removal charges rendered him subject to mandatory detention under section 1226(c) and that he was not eligible for a bail hearing.\nWhile his removal proceedings were pending, Lora m", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6400ad916e795822", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 8883, "end": 8906, "quote": "N.Y. Penal Law § 220.16", "context": "for cancellation of removal under 1226(c) because third degree possession is a Class B felony under N.Y. Penal Law § 220.16(12) and does not qualify as an aggravated felony for immigration purposes under 8 U.S.C. §§ 1227(a)", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "N.Y. Law § 220.16", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d88b797aa73f65c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 8898, "end": 8910, "quote": "§ 220.16(12)", "context": "n of removal under 1226(c) because third degree possession is a Class B felony under N.Y. Penal Law § 220.16(12) and does not qualify as an aggravated felony for immigration purposes under 8 U.S.C. §§ 1227(a) (2)", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e680411a85c9a10", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 8987, "end": 9003, "quote": "8 U.S.C. §§ 1227", "context": " Penal Law § 220.16(12) and does not qualify as an aggravated felony for immigration purposes under 8 U.S.C. §§ 1227(a) (2)(A)(iii); 1228b. However, he is still technically subject to mandatory detention under sectio", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. §§ 1227", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed91da3ac6bc5646", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 8996, "end": 9006, "quote": "§§ 1227(a)", "context": "w § 220.16(12) and does not qualify as an aggravated felony for immigration purposes under 8 U.S.C. §§ 1227(a) (2)(A)(iii); 1228b. However, he is still technically subject to mandatory detention under section 1", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "74994fc9bd85964d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 9097, "end": 9112, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "§ 1227(a) (2)(A)(iii); 1228b. However, he is still technically subject to mandatory detention under section 1226(c) because he had been convicted of a crime involving a controlled substance under 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6f044d88fb8b9fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 9193, "end": 9208, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1227", "context": "der section 1226(c) because he had been convicted of a crime involving a controlled substance under 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(B)(i). In March 2014, Lora requested that he be permitted to file an application for cancella", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1227/title8_sec1227_f15455af2229/1227_deportable_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "45b1279ea2852f1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 9202, "end": 9220, "quote": "§ 1227(a)(2)(B)(i)", "context": "on 1226(c) because he had been convicted of a crime involving a controlled substance under 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(B)(i). In March 2014, Lora requested that he be permitted to file an application for cancellation of remo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1227/title8_sec1227_f15455af2229/1227_deportable_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "74ad3a97b942013c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 9647, "end": 9662, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "allenging his continued detention. Lora argued that he was not subject to mandatory detention under section 1226(c), which requires an alien to be taken into DHS custody “when the alien is released” because DHS did ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03b9f6586f233166", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 10519, "end": 10534, "quote": "section 1226(e)", "context": " and that he should be released on parole.\nThe District Court granted Lora’s petition, holding that section 1226(e)’s “clear language” requires that DHS detain aliens immediately upon their release from criminal cus", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "970262d34025cb49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 11699, "end": 11714, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": ".to afford him a hearing.\nThe government appeals, contesting the District Court’s interpretation of section 1226(c). The government maintains that, even though Lora no longer stands convicted of an aggravated felony", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a4cac8e93d18397", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 12498, "end": 12513, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "context": "o decide whether the alien should be released or imprisoned while proceedings are pending. However, 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c) requires the mandatory detention, for the duration of their removal proceedings, of aliens convi", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d3443695d6051d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 12507, "end": 12516, "quote": "§ 1226(c)", "context": "whether the alien should be released or imprisoned while proceedings are pending. However, 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c) requires the mandatory detention, for the duration of their removal proceedings, of aliens convicte", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b0722aea276881d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 12653, "end": 12671, "quote": "section 1226(c)(1)", "context": "r the duration of their removal proceedings, of aliens convicted of certain crimes. The portion of 'section 1226(c)(1) applicable to Lora provides:\n(1) Custody\nThe Attorney General shall take into custody any alien who", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b207b4b1d535d64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 12847, "end": 12872, "quote": "section 1227(a)(2)(A)(ii)", "context": "to custody any alien who ...\n(B) is deportable by reason of having committed any offense covered in section 1227(a)(2)(A)(ii),(A)(iii), (B), (C), or (D) of this title [ie. specified offenses including controlled substance off", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2569a4ac5eeb3d7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 13603, "end": 13618, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "context": "to the safety of other persons or of property and is likely to appear for any scheduled proceeding—\n8 U.S.C. § 1226(c)(1)-(2) (emphasis added).\nThus, detention without a bail hearing under section 1226(c) is mandato", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1226/title8_sec1226_6ee71bee0dbd/1226_apprehension_and_detention_of_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "c35299a1a8b3a2fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 13612, "end": 13624, "quote": "§ 1226(c)(1)", "context": "fety of other persons or of property and is likely to appear for any scheduled proceeding—\n8 U.S.C. § 1226(c)(1)-(2) (emphasis added).\nThus, detention without a bail hearing under section 1226(c) is mandatory unl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1226/title8_sec1226_6ee71bee0dbd/1226_apprehension_and_detention_of_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "bca95b707abbadbf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 13692, "end": 13707, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "roceeding—\n8 U.S.C. § 1226(c)(1)-(2) (emphasis added).\nThus, detention without a bail hearing under section 1226(c) is mandatory unless DHS determines that an alien falls within a narrow witness-protection exception", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "92be42de7296bb8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 13833, "end": 13848, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "context": "etermines that an alien falls within a narrow witness-protection exception not applicable here. See 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c)(2). However, the clause in paragraph (1), “when the alien is released,” has been the source of p", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1226/title8_sec1226_6ee71bee0dbd/1226_apprehension_and_detention_of_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "d8d271ba82774422", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 13842, "end": 13854, "quote": "§ 1226(c)(2)", "context": " that an alien falls within a narrow witness-protection exception not applicable here. See 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c)(2). However, the clause in paragraph (1), “when the alien is released,” has been the source of persist", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1226/title8_sec1226_6ee71bee0dbd/1226_apprehension_and_detention_of_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "ba1ece7520393bc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 14594, "end": 14609, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "oth within and outside of this Circuit, have addressed the issue but remain divided on how to apply section 1226(c).\nMeaning of “Released”\nThe government argues that the Court should reject the District Court’s hold", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65bab6e45b70aca9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 14940, "end": 14955, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "n. The government relies on two BIA cases in which the Board determined that the word “released” in section 1226(c) includes pre-conviction release from arrests. See In re Kotliar, 24 I. & N. Dec. 124, 125 (2007) (“", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f379bd463dc80409", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 15021, "end": 15040, "quote": "24 I. & N. Dec. 124", "context": "word “released” in section 1226(c) includes pre-conviction release from arrests. See In re Kotliar, 24 I. & N. Dec. 124, 125 (2007) (“[W]e have held that an alien who is released from criminal custody[,] ... including f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 I. & N. Dec. 124", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d15d60db3d3c844", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 15232, "end": 15252, "quote": "22 I. & N. Dec. 1405", "context": "luding from an arrest preceding a conviction, ... is subject to mandatory detention.”); In re West, 22 I. & N. Dec. 1405, 1410 (2000). West and Kotliar also suggest that the alien must be released from some form of physi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 I. & N. Dec. 1405", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e66eb14716dbd065", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 15368, "end": 15380, "quote": "§ 1226(c)(1)", "context": "est and Kotliar also suggest that the alien must be released from some form of physical custody for § 1226(c)(1) to apply. See, e.g., West, 22 I. & N. Dec. at 1410 (“[W]e construe the word ‘released’ ... to refer", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42574360e3ee34a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 15408, "end": 15431, "quote": "22 I. & N. Dec. at 1410", "context": "ien must be released from some form of physical custody for § 1226(c)(1) to apply. See, e.g., West, 22 I. & N. Dec. at 1410 (“[W]e construe the word ‘released’ ... to refer to a release from physical custody.”). The governm", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "22 I. & N. Dec. 1405", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "817bacb94a0adf54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 15683, "end": 15701, "quote": "section 1226(c)(1)", "context": "ed” can refer to a release from pre-conviction confinement, such as an arrest.\nBecause we find that section 1226(c)(1) unambiguously mandates detention in this circumstance for other reasons, we need not confront the B", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6bb4f7cebb81e7f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 15917, "end": 15929, "quote": "467 U.S. 837", "context": "the government’s interpretation of them. See Chevron, U.S.A., Inc. v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 467 U.S. 837, 842-43, 104 S.Ct. 2778, 81 L.Ed.2d 694 (1984). “[D]ef-erence to [an agency’s] statutory interpreta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "467 U.S. 837", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e334af239dff65c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 15939, "end": 15953, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2778", "context": "pretation of them. See Chevron, U.S.A., Inc. v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 467 U.S. 837, 842-43, 104 S.Ct. 2778, 81 L.Ed.2d 694 (1984). “[D]ef-erence to [an agency’s] statutory interpretation is called for only ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2778", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10a607b2a4853416", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 15955, "end": 15969, "quote": "81 L.Ed.2d 694", "context": "m. See Chevron, U.S.A., Inc. v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 467 U.S. 837, 842-43, 104 S.Ct. 2778, 81 L.Ed.2d 694 (1984). “[D]ef-erence to [an agency’s] statutory interpretation is called for only when the devices", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 L. Ed. 2d 694", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9553b6f875645a4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16211, "end": 16223, "quote": "540 U.S. 581", "context": "and found to yield no clear sense of congressional intent.” Gen. Dynamics Land Sys., Inc. v. Cline, 540 U.S. 581, 600, 124 S.Ct. 1236, 157 L.Ed.2d 1094 (2004) (citing INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 480 U.S. 421, 446-48,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "540 U.S. 581", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_540/0581_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5873ca4ee27449f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16230, "end": 16244, "quote": "124 S.Ct. 1236", "context": "no clear sense of congressional intent.” Gen. Dynamics Land Sys., Inc. v. Cline, 540 U.S. 581, 600, 124 S.Ct. 1236, 157 L.Ed.2d 1094 (2004) (citing INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 480 U.S. 421, 446-48, 107 S.Ct. 1207, 94 L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 S. Ct. 1236", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_540/0581_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e33e759240de21a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16246, "end": 16262, "quote": "157 L.Ed.2d 1094", "context": "f congressional intent.” Gen. Dynamics Land Sys., Inc. v. Cline, 540 U.S. 581, 600, 124 S.Ct. 1236, 157 L.Ed.2d 1094 (2004) (citing INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 480 U.S. 421, 446-48, 107 S.Ct. 1207, 94 L.Ed.2d 434 (1987))", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "157 L. Ed. 2d 1094", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_540/0581_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4adf53aec7056fdc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16302, "end": 16314, "quote": "480 U.S. 421", "context": ". Cline, 540 U.S. 581, 600, 124 S.Ct. 1236, 157 L.Ed.2d 1094 (2004) (citing INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 480 U.S. 421, 446-48, 107 S.Ct. 1207, 94 L.Ed.2d 434 (1987)). A natural reading of the statute suggests that the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "480 U.S. 421", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e9b743085df60ea6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16324, "end": 16338, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 1207", "context": " 600, 124 S.Ct. 1236, 157 L.Ed.2d 1094 (2004) (citing INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 480 U.S. 421, 446-48, 107 S.Ct. 1207, 94 L.Ed.2d 434 (1987)). A natural reading of the statute suggests that the term “released” in sect", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 1207", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f430088f8ebee158", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16340, "end": 16354, "quote": "94 L.Ed.2d 434", "context": "1236, 157 L.Ed.2d 1094 (2004) (citing INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 480 U.S. 421, 446-48, 107 S.Ct. 1207, 94 L.Ed.2d 434 (1987)). A natural reading of the statute suggests that the term “released” in section 1226(c) mean", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 L. Ed. 2d 434", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ded3cbc5abd16684", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16434, "end": 16449, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "1207, 94 L.Ed.2d 434 (1987)). A natural reading of the statute suggests that the term “released” in section 1226(c) means not incarcerated, not imprisoned, not detained, i.e., not in physical custody. See Demore, 53", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5ba40610a13273f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16547, "end": 16562, "quote": "538 U.S. at 513", "context": "c) means not incarcerated, not imprisoned, not detained, i.e., not in physical custody. See Demore, 538 U.S. at 513, 123 S.Ct. 1708 (“Congress[ was] justifiably concerned that deportable criminal aliens who are not ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "538 U.S. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "84856ff544fef703", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16564, "end": 16578, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "rcerated, not imprisoned, not detained, i.e., not in physical custody. See Demore, 538 U.S. at 513, 123 S.Ct. 1708 (“Congress[ was] justifiably concerned that deportable criminal aliens who are not detained continu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5c664fa2a4173ecb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16831, "end": 16849, "quote": "section 1226(c)(1)", "context": "oval hearings....”). Thus, detention is mandated once an alien is convicted of a crime described in section 1226(c)(1) and is not incarcerated, imprisoned, or otherwise detained. This interpretation avoids nullifying t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0aeb5cfdaf73d46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 16965, "end": 16983, "quote": "section 1226(c)(1)", "context": "rcerated, imprisoned, or otherwise detained. This interpretation avoids nullifying the provision in section 1226(c)(1) that DHS “shall take into custody any alien who ... is inadmissible [or] is deportable by reason of", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3f6a0b340c425aba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 17354, "end": 17365, "quote": "534 U.S. 19", "context": "mphasis added) — which clearly contemplates non-carceral sentences. See, e.g., TRW Inc. v. Andrews, 534 U.S. 19, 31, 122 S.Ct. 441, 151 L.Ed.2d 339 (2001) (noting that statutes should be read to avoid making any", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "534 U.S. 19", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_534/0019_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "108b530610dd9c6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 17371, "end": 17384, "quote": "122 S.Ct. 441", "context": "which clearly contemplates non-carceral sentences. See, e.g., TRW Inc. v. Andrews, 534 U.S. 19, 31, 122 S.Ct. 441, 151 L.Ed.2d 339 (2001) (noting that statutes should be read to avoid making any provisions “superf", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 S. Ct. 441", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_534/0019_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "949fc4a8d12cdfdd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 17386, "end": 17401, "quote": "151 L.Ed.2d 339", "context": "ontemplates non-carceral sentences. See, e.g., TRW Inc. v. Andrews, 534 U.S. 19, 31, 122 S.Ct. 441, 151 L.Ed.2d 339 (2001) (noting that statutes should be read to avoid making any provisions “superfluous, void, or i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 L. Ed. 2d 339", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_534/0019_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae988ced90aa403d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 17693, "end": 17708, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1182", "context": "limit detention to aliens sentenced to a certain prison term, it has done so explicitly. See, e.g., 8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(2) (alien is not eligible for a visa or admission if the alien has committed a crime involving m", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1182", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1182/title8_sec1182_a465fcf3567b/1182_inadmissible_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "a3b115eff8d54333", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 17702, "end": 17714, "quote": "§ 1182(a)(2)", "context": "ention to aliens sentenced to a certain prison term, it has done so explicitly. See, e.g., 8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(2) (alien is not eligible for a visa or admission if the alien has committed a crime involving moral t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../../federal/immigration/title_8/chapter_12/section_1182/title8_sec1182_a465fcf3567b/1182_inadmissible_aliens_0001/index.html"]}
{"id": "4aa1d86538f6802d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 17976, "end": 17991, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "imposed). Accordingly, we conclude that an alien who has been convicted of a qualifying crime under section 1226(c) is subject to mandatory immigration detention, whether he is sentenced to a prison term or to proba", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6125bb9a988e16a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 18259, "end": 18274, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "he District Court wrongly interpreted the word “when” in the “when the alien is released” clause of section 1226(c) as imposing a temporal limit on DHS’s obligation to mandatorily detain non-citizens. Because Lora w", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f5d4ac169052916", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 19311, "end": 19330, "quote": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "context": "g this statute, considered a challenge from a detainee to his mandatory detention. See In re Rojas, 23 I. & N. Dec. 117 (BIA 2001). The detainee argued that because he had not been taken into custody “when ... released,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "703a069e56819e7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 19447, "end": 19465, "quote": "section 1226(c)(1)", "context": "detainee argued that because he had not been taken into custody “when ... released,” as directed by section 1226(c)(1), he was not subject to mandatory detention under section 1226(c)(2). Id. at 118. The BIA declined t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "92ff8b521c45f71a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 19515, "end": 19533, "quote": "section 1226(c)(2)", "context": "n ... released,” as directed by section 1226(c)(1), he was not subject to mandatory detention under section 1226(c)(2). Id. at 118. The BIA declined to consider whether “when ... released” meant immediately upon releas", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d260c507930af4d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 19535, "end": 19545, "quote": "Id. at 118", "context": "directed by section 1226(c)(1), he was not subject to mandatory detention under section 1226(c)(2). Id. at 118. The BIA declined to consider whether “when ... released” meant immediately upon release or merely ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "934952c07b013352", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 19979, "end": 19992, "quote": "Id. at 121-25", "context": " did not intend the “when ... released” clause to limit the authority of agents to detain an alien. Id. at 121-25. Under the BIA’s interpretation, “when ... released” refers to the time at which the duty to detain", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "63fae89203fde71b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 20284, "end": 20297, "quote": "Id. at 123-24", "context": "hus, 1226(c)(2) mandates detainment even if DHS does not detain the alien immediately upon release. Id. at 123-24. This has been referred to in this Circuit as the “duty-triggering” construction, while Lora argues", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72e779f8e9b6cf09", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 20487, "end": 20504, "quote": "986 F.Supp.2d 345", "context": "ora argues for what has been referred to as the “time-limiting” construction. See Straker v. Jones, 986 F.Supp.2d 345, 352-53 (S.D.N.Y.2013).\nBecause we are faced with an administrative agency’s interpretation of a st", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "986 F. Supp. 2d 345", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_986/0345_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c40568be301edfeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 20664, "end": 20682, "quote": "467 U.S. at 842-44", "context": "strative agency’s interpretation of a statute, we follow the two-step Chevron inquiry. See Chevron, 467 U.S. at 842-44, 104 S.Ct. 2778. If we find, based on the plain language of the statute, that “the intent of Congre", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "467 U.S. 837", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22f05240a2ed5f28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 20684, "end": 20698, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2778", "context": "terpretation of a statute, we follow the two-step Chevron inquiry. See Chevron, 467 U.S. at 842-44, 104 S.Ct. 2778. If we find, based on the plain language of the statute, that “the intent of Congress is clear, tha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2778", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbc8c55e0e74cf21", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 20827, "end": 20837, "quote": "Id. at 842", "context": "ain language of the statute, that “the intent of Congress is clear, that is the end of the matter.” Id. at 842, 104 S.Ct. 2778. However, if we find that the statute is silent or ambiguous with respect to the sp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7db0ffe03396e22e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 20839, "end": 20853, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2778", "context": " of the statute, that “the intent of Congress is clear, that is the end of the matter.” Id. at 842, 104 S.Ct. 2778. However, if we find that the statute is silent or ambiguous with respect to the specific issue, we", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2778", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72741342c23f1d78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 21084, "end": 21094, "quote": "Id. at 843", "context": "p: determining “whether the agency’s answer is based on a permissible construction of the statute.” Id. at 843, 104 S.Ct. 2778. We defer to the BIA’s interpretation so long as it is “reasonable, and not ‘arbitr", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea9eb65af3e7c76b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 21096, "end": 21110, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2778", "context": "ng “whether the agency’s answer is based on a permissible construction of the statute.” Id. at 843, 104 S.Ct. 2778. We defer to the BIA’s interpretation so long as it is “reasonable, and not ‘arbitrary, capricious,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2778", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe49cb9525013724", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 21270, "end": 21281, "quote": "692 F.3d 91", "context": "sonable, and not ‘arbitrary, capricious, or manifestly contrary to the statute.’ ” Adams v. Holder, 692 F.3d 91, 95 (2d Cir.2012) (quoting Chevron, 467 U.S. at 844, 104 S.Ct. 2778). The government argues that, b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "692 F.3d 91", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_692/0091_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c0ae4639a665371e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 21318, "end": 21333, "quote": "467 U.S. at 844", "context": "festly contrary to the statute.’ ” Adams v. Holder, 692 F.3d 91, 95 (2d Cir.2012) (quoting Chevron, 467 U.S. at 844, 104 S.Ct. 2778). The government argues that, because the statute is ambiguous, the District Court ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "467 U.S. 837", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16ae2905dfbd1e66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 21335, "end": 21349, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 2778", "context": "o the statute.’ ” Adams v. Holder, 692 F.3d 91, 95 (2d Cir.2012) (quoting Chevron, 467 U.S. at 844, 104 S.Ct. 2778). The government argues that, because the statute is ambiguous, the District Court should have foll", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 2778", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f1f8552d84068ddc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 21737, "end": 21759, "quote": "23 I. & N. Dec. at 120", "context": "iven the “duty-triggering” construction or the “time-limiting” construction. The BIA agrees. Rojas, 23 I. & N. Dec. at 120. And the Supreme Court has long recognized that the word “when” may alternatively mean “the precise", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b37d006f7f74b30e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 22004, "end": 22013, "quote": "8 U.S. 48", "context": ",” or “the occurrence which shall render that particular act necessary.” United States v. Willings, 8 U.S. 48, 55, 4 Cranch 48, 2 L.Ed. 546 (1807).\nAs the BIA recognized, it is unclear from the text of section", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 U.S. 48", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42a2fdb206af6ff1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 22019, "end": 22030, "quote": "4 Cranch 48", "context": "rrence which shall render that particular act necessary.” United States v. Willings, 8 U.S. 48, 55, 4 Cranch 48, 2 L.Ed. 546 (1807).\nAs the BIA recognized, it is unclear from the text of section 1226(c) whether ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 Cranch 48", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b30a075c3ad83a31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 22032, "end": 22043, "quote": "2 L.Ed. 546", "context": "shall render that particular act necessary.” United States v. Willings, 8 U.S. 48, 55, 4 Cranch 48, 2 L.Ed. 546 (1807).\nAs the BIA recognized, it is unclear from the text of section 1226(c) whether the “when ...", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 L. Ed. 546", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f1e2814afe329ce0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 22106, "end": 22121, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "U.S. 48, 55, 4 Cranch 48, 2 L.Ed. 546 (1807).\nAs the BIA recognized, it is unclear from the text of section 1226(c) whether the “when ... released” clause is part of' the definition of aliens subject to mandatory de", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40d0ee4f85955b49", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 22237, "end": 22259, "quote": "23 I. & N. Dec. at 120", "context": "en ... released” clause is part of' the definition of aliens subject to mandatory detention. Rojas, 23 I. & N. Dec. at 120. Section 1226(c) requires that DHS take custody of aliens convicted of four categories of predicate", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87e8d27eb01b1a3b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 22261, "end": 22276, "quote": "Section 1226(c)", "context": "is part of' the definition of aliens subject to mandatory detention. Rojas, 23 I. & N. Dec. at 120. Section 1226(c) requires that DHS take custody of aliens convicted of four categories of predicate criminal or terr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb84db83e416a82c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 23165, "end": 23184, "quote": "780 F.3d at 1318-19", "context": " can be considered adjectival, modifying the noun phrases in categories (A) through (D). See Olmos, 780 F.3d at 1318-19.\nBecause we find that Congress has not directly spoken on the meaning or application of “when ... r", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09c4bb3b427fa147", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 23363, "end": 23378, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "cation of “when ... released” in this statute, we must consider whether the BIA’s interpretation of section 1226(c) is permissible and thus entitled to Chevron deference. See Khouzam v. Ashcroft, 361 F.3d 161, 164 (", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1eb8be99ee43c20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 23459, "end": 23471, "quote": "361 F.3d 161", "context": " of section 1226(c) is permissible and thus entitled to Chevron deference. See Khouzam v. Ashcroft, 361 F.3d 161, 164 (2d Cir.2004). In Rojas, the alien argued that he was not subject to mandatory detention under", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "361 F.3d 161", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_361/0161_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6b193341d9e67317", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 23572, "end": 23587, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": " 164 (2d Cir.2004). In Rojas, the alien argued that he was not subject to mandatory detention under section 1226(c) because immigration authorities did not take him into custody until two days after his release. To ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e976f68cd0512d00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 23769, "end": 23784, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "r his release. To resolve the statute’s ambiguity, the BIA used four separate approaches to analyze section 1226(c): (1) the ordinary meaning of the statute’s language, although that language was ambiguous; (2) the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ffa2975a5aef03ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 24004, "end": 24029, "quote": "23 I. & N. Dec. at 121-24", "context": "ntext and goals; (3) the statute’s predecessor provisions; and (4) practical considerations. Rojas, 23 I. & N. Dec. at 121-24. The BIA, while not deciding whether “when ... released” meant immediately upon release or somethin", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90ace502aad1813c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 24257, "end": 24267, "quote": "id. at 121", "context": "duty to detain is not affected by the character of an alien’s release from criminal incarceration,” id. at 121, and “that [the alien was] subject to mandatory detention pursuant to section [1226(c) ] of the Act", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60b8d1cb26614116", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 24360, "end": 24367, "quote": "the Act", "context": " at 121, and “that [the alien was] subject to mandatory detention pursuant to section [1226(c) ] of the Act, despite the fact that he was not taken into [immigration] custody immediately upon his release fro", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86a5bf48b8ebf020", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 24485, "end": 24495, "quote": "id. at 127", "context": " that he was not taken into [immigration] custody immediately upon his release from state custody,” id. at 127. Consistent with Chevron, we are not convinced that the interpretation is “arbitrary, capricious, d", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f18c9ac55d2dc0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 24641, "end": 24655, "quote": "692 F.3d at 95", "context": "d that the interpretation is “arbitrary, capricious, dr manifestly contrary to the statute.” Adams, 692 F.3d at 95 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). As the BIA explained in Rojas, “[i]t is difficult ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "692 F.3d 91", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_692/0091_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5ad4d84bf54f083e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 24964, "end": 24986, "quote": "23 I. & N. Dec. at 128", "context": "DHS] to appear at the jailhouse door to take custody of an alien at the precise moment of release.” 23 I. & N. Dec. at 128.\nMoreover, the BIA’s interpretation of section 1226(c) follows Supreme Court precedent establishing", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "efd196b25c01863b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25026, "end": 25041, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "en at the precise moment of release.” 23 I. & N. Dec. at 128.\nMoreover, the BIA’s interpretation of section 1226(c) follows Supreme Court precedent establishing that statutes providing “that the Government ‘shall’ a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0220de34316fd92e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25273, "end": 25285, "quote": "537 U.S. 149", "context": "out more,” are not “jurisdictional limit[s] precluding action later.” Barnhart v. Peabody Coal Co., 537 U.S. 149, 158, 123 S.Ct. 748, 154 L.Ed.2d 653 (2003). “[I]f a statute does not specify a consequence for non", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "537 U.S. 149", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_537/0149_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "01d8ce090ae94f67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25292, "end": 25305, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 748", "context": "“jurisdictional limit[s] precluding action later.” Barnhart v. Peabody Coal Co., 537 U.S. 149, 158, 123 S.Ct. 748, 154 L.Ed.2d 653 (2003). “[I]f a statute does not specify a consequence for noncompliance with stat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 748", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_537/0149_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d00b80db72209a52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25307, "end": 25322, "quote": "154 L.Ed.2d 653", "context": " limit[s] precluding action later.” Barnhart v. Peabody Coal Co., 537 U.S. 149, 158, 123 S.Ct. 748, 154 L.Ed.2d 653 (2003). “[I]f a statute does not specify a consequence for noncompliance with statutory timing prov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "154 L. Ed. 2d 653", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_537/0149_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6b23040e1beccec1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25565, "end": 25576, "quote": "510 U.S. 43", "context": "ordinary course impose their own coercive sanction.” United States v. James Daniel Good Real Prop., 510 U.S. 43, 63, 114 S.Ct. 492, 126 L.Ed.2d 490 (1993); see also United States v. Montalvo-Murillo, 495 U.S. 71", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "510 U.S. 43", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_510/0043_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "643c95d6088c1e0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25582, "end": 25595, "quote": "114 S.Ct. 492", "context": "mpose their own coercive sanction.” United States v. James Daniel Good Real Prop., 510 U.S. 43, 63, 114 S.Ct. 492, 126 L.Ed.2d 490 (1993); see also United States v. Montalvo-Murillo, 495 U.S. 711, 110 S.Ct. 2072, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 S. Ct. 492", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_510/0043_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "34487a8e397b2793", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25597, "end": 25612, "quote": "126 L.Ed.2d 490", "context": " coercive sanction.” United States v. James Daniel Good Real Prop., 510 U.S. 43, 63, 114 S.Ct. 492, 126 L.Ed.2d 490 (1993); see also United States v. Montalvo-Murillo, 495 U.S. 711, 110 S.Ct. 2072, 109 L.Ed.2d 720 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 L. Ed. 2d 490", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_510/0043_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e25bb8732db1bf69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25665, "end": 25677, "quote": "495 U.S. 711", "context": "510 U.S. 43, 63, 114 S.Ct. 492, 126 L.Ed.2d 490 (1993); see also United States v. Montalvo-Murillo, 495 U.S. 711, 110 S.Ct. 2072, 109 L.Ed.2d 720 (1990) (holding that the government may detain criminal defendants", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "495 U.S. 711", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e7579fef4ab3d07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25679, "end": 25693, "quote": "110 S.Ct. 2072", "context": "3, 114 S.Ct. 492, 126 L.Ed.2d 490 (1993); see also United States v. Montalvo-Murillo, 495 U.S. 711, 110 S.Ct. 2072, 109 L.Ed.2d 720 (1990) (holding that the government may detain criminal defendants leading up to t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "110 S. Ct. 2072", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95385d9c2b407ccc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25695, "end": 25710, "quote": "109 L.Ed.2d 720", "context": ", 126 L.Ed.2d 490 (1993); see also United States v. Montalvo-Murillo, 495 U.S. 711, 110 S.Ct. 2072, 109 L.Ed.2d 720 (1990) (holding that the government may detain criminal defendants leading up to trial even if they", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 L. Ed. 2d 720", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9e0a3971e5d5845c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 25992, "end": 26010, "quote": "714 F.3d at 157-59", "context": " hold a bail hearing “immediately upon the person’s first appearance” before the officer); Sylvain, 714 F.3d at 157-59 (applying Barnhart and Montalvo-Murillo to section 1226(c) and concluding that “the government reta", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e95f44d71d23ee0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 26054, "end": 26069, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "arance” before the officer); Sylvain, 714 F.3d at 157-59 (applying Barnhart and Montalvo-Murillo to section 1226(c) and concluding that “the government retains authority under [section 1226(c) ] despite any delay”).", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d6f913103f2da05", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 26131, "end": 26146, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "nd Montalvo-Murillo to section 1226(c) and concluding that “the government retains authority under [section 1226(c) ] despite any delay”).\nFinally, the BIA’s interpretation has the added benefit of accounting for pr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87b0c088b03b1e5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 27250, "end": 27265, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "context": " even where DHS does not immediately detain the alien after release from' criminal custody.\nWhether 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c) Authorizes Mandatory Detention Beyond Six Months Without a Bail Hearing\nBecause the District Cou", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9846d26407f7dc60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 27259, "end": 27268, "quote": "§ 1226(c)", "context": "re DHS does not immediately detain the alien after release from' criminal custody.\nWhether 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c) Authorizes Mandatory Detention Beyond Six Months Without a Bail Hearing\nBecause the District Court ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d80c0216a3e85ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 27914, "end": 27929, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "t, in order to avoid serious constitutional concerns, an implicit time limitation must be read into section 1226(c).\nIt is well-settled that the Fifth Amendment entitles aliens to due process in deportation proceedi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff68e103faa0cbad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 28050, "end": 28062, "quote": "507 U.S. 292", "context": "that the Fifth Amendment entitles aliens to due process in deportation proceedings. Reno v. Flores, 507 U.S. 292, 306, 113 S.Ct. 1439, 123 L.Ed.2d 1 (1993). “[T]he Due Process Clause applies to all ‘persons’ with", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "507 U.S. 292", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0292_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9fe9fae21f3ffbb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 28069, "end": 28083, "quote": "113 S.Ct. 1439", "context": "dment entitles aliens to due process in deportation proceedings. Reno v. Flores, 507 U.S. 292, 306, 113 S.Ct. 1439, 123 L.Ed.2d 1 (1993). “[T]he Due Process Clause applies to all ‘persons’ within the United States,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "113 S. Ct. 1439", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_507/0292_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "911984a7edbeb6dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 28085, "end": 28098, "quote": "123 L.Ed.2d 1", "context": "liens to due process in deportation proceedings. Reno v. Flores, 507 U.S. 292, 306, 113 S.Ct. 1439, 123 L.Ed.2d 1 (1993). “[T]he Due Process Clause applies to all ‘persons’ within the United States, including alie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 L. Ed. 2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e709bb7e3e389897", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 28287, "end": 28302, "quote": "533 U.S. at 693", "context": "luding aliens, whether their presence here is lawful, unlawful, temporary, or permanent.” Zadvydas, 533 U.S. at 693, 121 S.Ct. 2491 (considering a challenge to post-removal detention). As noted, more than a decade a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "533 U.S. 678", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "082d5b3aa6cc2f5d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 28304, "end": 28318, "quote": "121 S.Ct. 2491", "context": "ether their presence here is lawful, unlawful, temporary, or permanent.” Zadvydas, 533 U.S. at 693, 121 S.Ct. 2491 (considering a challenge to post-removal detention). As noted, more than a decade ago, in Zad-vydas", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "121 S. Ct. 2491", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9de17984d6d08276", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 28575, "end": 28578, "quote": "Id.", "context": "itutionality of a statutory scheme that ostensibly authorized indefinite detention of non-citizens. Id. Two years later, when the court upheld the constitutionality of section 1226(c) in Demore v. Kim, i", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "121 S. Ct. 2491", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5308d92e0e9ef3b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 28643, "end": 28658, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "nite detention of non-citizens. Id. Two years later, when the court upheld the constitutionality of section 1226(c) in Demore v. Kim, it emphasized that, for detention under the statute to be reasonable, it must be ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ea50957d44ab8709", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 28797, "end": 28812, "quote": "538 U.S. at 528", "context": "for detention under the statute to be reasonable, it must be for a brief period of time. See, e.g., 538 U.S. at 528, 123 S.Ct. 1708 (detention permissible because, as compared to Zadvydas, “the detention here is of ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "538 U.S. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3926a3dddbddc9f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 28814, "end": 28828, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "er the statute to be reasonable, it must be for a brief period of time. See, e.g., 538 U.S. at 528, 123 S.Ct. 1708 (detention permissible because, as compared to Zadvydas, “the detention here is of a much shorter d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1b9cb227f1e6bb95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 29286, "end": 29299, "quote": "Id. at 532-33", "context": "tion, or to protect against risk of flight or dangerousness, but to incarcerate for other reasons.” Id. at 532-33, 123 S.Ct. 1708 (Kennedy, J., concurring).\nThese cases clearly establish that mandatory detention u", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16213ae00f815bda", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 29301, "end": 29315, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "tect against risk of flight or dangerousness, but to incarcerate for other reasons.” Id. at 532-33, 123 S.Ct. 1708 (Kennedy, J., concurring).\nThese cases clearly establish that mandatory detention under section 122", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2570c81950996481", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 29404, "end": 29419, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": " S.Ct. 1708 (Kennedy, J., concurring).\nThese cases clearly establish that mandatory detention under section 1226(c) is permissible, but that there must be some procedural safeguard in place for immigrants detained f", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "821670956dfd8ef3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 29718, "end": 29733, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "e, as well as the government, in concluding that in order to avoid serious constitutional concerns, section 1226(c) must be read as including an implicit temporal limitation. See, e.g., Rodriguez, 715 F.3d at 1137 (", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3ed4196dff86b0d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 29815, "end": 29831, "quote": "715 F.3d at 1137", "context": "s, section 1226(c) must be read as including an implicit temporal limitation. See, e.g., Rodriguez, 715 F.3d at 1137 (“[I]n several decisions over the past decade ... we have consistently held that Demore’s holding i", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "715 F.3d 1127", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_715/1127_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "610a61217c622aa7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 30004, "end": 30016, "quote": "656 F.3d 221", "context": "eld that Demore’s holding is limited to detentions of brief duration.”); Diop v. ICE/Homeland Sec., 656 F.3d 221, 231 (3d Cir.2011) (applying canon of constitutional avoidance to “conclude that the statute implic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "656 F.3d 221", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_656/0221_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d497246b2e2a36bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 30191, "end": 30203, "quote": "351 F.3d 263", "context": "e that the statute implicitly authorizes detention for a reasonable amount of time”); Ly v. Hansen, 351 F.3d 263, 267-68, 271 (6th Cir.2003) (noting that De-more “is undergirded by reasoning relying on the fact t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "351 F.3d 263", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_351/0263_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dada32e65f5125c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 30561, "end": 30576, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "od as only authorizing detention for brief periods of time).\nHowever, while all circuits agree that section 1226(c) includes some “reasonable” limit on the amount of time that an individual can be detained without a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5b8eebea65ade1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 31116, "end": 31131, "quote": "656 F.3d at 234", "context": "iven case,” to determine whether detention without an individualized hearing is unreasonable. Diop, 656 F.3d at 234; see also Chavez-Alvarez v. Warden York Cty. Prison, 783 F.3d 469, 475 n. 7 (3d Cir.2015) (explaini", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "656 F.3d 221", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_656/0221_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e66a98c4167d841", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 31185, "end": 31197, "quote": "783 F.3d 469", "context": "hearing is unreasonable. Diop, 656 F.3d at 234; see also Chavez-Alvarez v. Warden York Cty. Prison, 783 F.3d 469, 475 n. 7 (3d Cir.2015) (explaining “the highly fact-specific nature” of the balancing framework). ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "783 F.3d 469", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_783/0469_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b5febf4ff445f54c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 31769, "end": 31784, "quote": "Section 1226(c)", "context": " cases of mandatory detention where the government’s “statutory mandatory detention authority under Section 1226(c) ... [is] limited to a six-month period, subject to a finding of flight risk or dangerousness.” Rodr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5a0964268298527", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 31891, "end": 31907, "quote": "715 F.3d at 1133", "context": "s] limited to a six-month period, subject to a finding of flight risk or dangerousness.” Rodriguez, 715 F.3d at 1133. We believe that, considering the relevant Supreme Court precedent, the pervasive confusion over wh", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "715 F.3d 1127", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_715/1127_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c37ff4f76e8804d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 32712, "end": 32730, "quote": "533 U.S. at 700-01", "context": " reasonable period of detention” in a related context, namely post-removal-determination detention. 533 U.S. at 700-01, 121 S.Ct. 2491 (finding that there was “reason to believe ... that Congress previously doubted the", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "533 U.S. 678", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0d0fefd187f8fe83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 32732, "end": 32746, "quote": "121 S.Ct. 2491", "context": "f detention” in a related context, namely post-removal-determination detention. 533 U.S. at 700-01, 121 S.Ct. 2491 (finding that there was “reason to believe ... that Congress previously doubted the constitutionali", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "121 S. Ct. 2491", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "96c3d3604b9efb00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 33122, "end": 33125, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ly foreseeable future, the Government must respond with evidence sufficient to rebut that showing.” Id. In Demote, the Court held that section 1226(c) authorized mandatory detention only for the “limited", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "121 S. Ct. 2491", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ecb0f931f1ec8bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 33157, "end": 33172, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "nt must respond with evidence sufficient to rebut that showing.” Id. In Demote, the Court held that section 1226(c) authorized mandatory detention only for the “limited period of [the alien’s] removal proceedings.” ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e8c5c3f8ff9df452", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 33272, "end": 33287, "quote": "538 U.S. at 531", "context": " authorized mandatory detention only for the “limited period of [the alien’s] removal proceedings.” 538 U.S. at 531, 123 S.Ct. 1708. At that time (2003), the “limited period” referred to “last[ed] roughly a month an", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "538 U.S. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ab8ec100d80a5ca9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 33289, "end": 33303, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "tory detention only for the “limited period of [the alien’s] removal proceedings.” 538 U.S. at 531, 123 S.Ct. 1708. At that time (2003), the “limited period” referred to “last[ed] roughly a month and a half in the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f09ef2eb88aa38e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 33436, "end": 33451, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "ed period” referred to “last[ed] roughly a month and a half in the vast majority of cases in which [section 1226(c) was] invoked, and about five months in the minority of cases in which the alien cho[se] to appeal.”", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49167e97decb0355", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 33552, "end": 33565, "quote": "Id. at 529-30", "context": "was] invoked, and about five months in the minority of cases in which the alien cho[se] to appeal.” Id. at 529-30, 123 S.Ct. 1708; see Rodriguez, 715 F.3d at 1138 (“As a general matter, detention is prolonged when", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77fa800872c25422", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 33567, "end": 33581, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "nd about five months in the minority of cases in which the alien cho[se] to appeal.” Id. at 529-30, 123 S.Ct. 1708; see Rodriguez, 715 F.3d at 1138 (“As a general matter, detention is prolonged when it has lasted s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c0421d04b3b32bd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 33598, "end": 33614, "quote": "715 F.3d at 1138", "context": "ority of cases in which the alien cho[se] to appeal.” Id. at 529-30, 123 S.Ct. 1708; see Rodriguez, 715 F.3d at 1138 (“As a general matter, detention is prolonged when it has lasted six months and is expected to cont", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "715 F.3d 1127", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_715/1127_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8e7454f0b9584e4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 34187, "end": 34205, "quote": "533 U.S. at 700-01", "context": "les provide clear guidance and ease of administration to government officials. See, e.g., Zadvydas, 533 U.S. at 700-01, 121 S.Ct. 2491 (adopting six-month rule “for the sake of uniform administration,” while also notin", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "533 U.S. 678", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "75637ed2c375b387", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 34207, "end": 34221, "quote": "121 S.Ct. 2491", "context": "idance and ease of administration to government officials. See, e.g., Zadvydas, 533 U.S. at 700-01, 121 S.Ct. 2491 (adopting six-month rule “for the sake of uniform administration,” while also noting that it would ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "121 S. Ct. 2491", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_533/0678_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "64ebd87e307558fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 34445, "end": 34460, "quote": "2015 WL 3929598", "context": " courts to make “difficult judgments”). Compare, e.g., Martin v. Aviles, No. 15 Civ. 1080(AT)(AJP), 2015 WL 3929598, at *2-3 (S.D.N.Y. June 15, 2015) (holding an alien for over a year without a bond hearing violated", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2015 WL 3929598", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11d781a2beb57164", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 34654, "end": 34669, "quote": "2015 WL 3555803", "context": "olated his due process rights), and Minto v. Decker, No. 14 Civ. 07764(LGS)(KNF), — F.Supp.3d -, -, 2015 WL 3555803, at *7 (S.D.N.Y June 5, 2015) (“Because Petitioner’s detention has exceeded twelve months — in the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2015 WL 3555803", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb42a795fbe38f66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 34941, "end": 34958, "quote": "704 F.Supp.2d 453", "context": "er to the community — he is entitled to an individualized bond hearing.”), and Monestime v. Reilly, 704 F.Supp.2d 453, 458 (S.D.N.Y.2010) (ordering bond hearing after eight months detention), and Scarlett v. DHS, 632 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "704 F. Supp. 2d 453", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_704/0453_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "31fe6cea98fdd014", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 35054, "end": 35071, "quote": "632 F.Supp.2d 214", "context": " 453, 458 (S.D.N.Y.2010) (ordering bond hearing after eight months detention), and Scarlett v. DHS, 632 F.Supp.2d 214, 223 (W.D.N.Y.2009) (five years detention unreasonable), with Johnson v. Orsino, 942 F.Supp.2d 396 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "632 F. Supp. 2d 214", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_632/0214_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d26f745aa5e31d37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 35153, "end": 35170, "quote": "942 F.Supp.2d 396", "context": " 632 F.Supp.2d 214, 223 (W.D.N.Y.2009) (five years detention unreasonable), with Johnson v. Orsino, 942 F.Supp.2d 396 (S.D.N.Y.2013) (fifteen month detention not unreasonable), and Luna-Aponte v. Holder, 743 F.Supp.2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "942 F. Supp. 2d 396", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_942/0396_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "339ae4243f89971d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 35257, "end": 35274, "quote": "743 F.Supp.2d 189", "context": "F.Supp.2d 396 (S.D.N.Y.2013) (fifteen month detention not unreasonable), and Luna-Aponte v. Holder, 743 F.Supp.2d 189, 194 (W.D.N.Y 2010) (nearly three years of detention not unreasonable). Adopting a six-month rule e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "743 F. Supp. 2d 189", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_743/0189_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "32482b0ee7a70f7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 37031, "end": 37041, "quote": "§ 1229b(a)", "context": "ecord suggests that Lora is an excellent candidate for cancellation of removal pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1229b(a). He is the primary caretaker of a two-year-old U.S. citizen son who was placed in foster care while", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "045e3e534ec32154", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 37482, "end": 37497, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "avoid the constitutional concerns raised by indefinite detention, an immigrant detained pursuant to section 1226(c) must be afforded a bail hearing before an immigration judge within six months of his or her detenti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "041395cd7e36c7bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 37844, "end": 37860, "quote": "715 F.3d at 1131", "context": "evidence that the immigrant poses a risk of flight or a risk of danger to the community. Rodriguez, 715 F.3d at 1131.\nCONCLUSION\nFor the foregoing reasons, we AFFIRM the judgment of the District Court.\n. Illegal Immi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "715 F.3d 1127", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_715/1127_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "46ff3a6a72f04cc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 38025, "end": 38031, "quote": "§§ 303", "context": " the District Court.\n. Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996, Div. C, §§ 303, 305, 110 Stat. 3009-585, 3009-598 to 3009-599; 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c), 1231(a) (1994 ed., Supp. V).\n. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "71579eebbb1e9bef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 38038, "end": 38052, "quote": "110 Stat. 3009", "context": " Court.\n. Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996, Div. C, §§ 303, 305, 110 Stat. 3009-585, 3009-598 to 3009-599; 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c), 1231(a) (1994 ed., Supp. V).\n. Congress adopted sect", "category": "session_law", "canonical": "110 Stat. 3009", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9aef7bfe2cc9e90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 38080, "end": 38095, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "context": "mmigrant Responsibility Act of 1996, Div. C, §§ 303, 305, 110 Stat. 3009-585, 3009-598 to 3009-599; 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c), 1231(a) (1994 ed., Supp. V).\n. Congress adopted section 1226(c) in an effort to strengthen and ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d47b0bf9b62d210a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 38089, "end": 38098, "quote": "§ 1226(c)", "context": "Responsibility Act of 1996, Div. C, §§ 303, 305, 110 Stat. 3009-585, 3009-598 to 3009-599; 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c), 1231(a) (1994 ed., Supp. V).\n. Congress adopted section 1226(c) in an effort to strengthen and str", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "11005a0cb116fa42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 38148, "end": 38163, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "3009-585, 3009-598 to 3009-599; 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c), 1231(a) (1994 ed., Supp. V).\n. Congress adopted section 1226(c) in an effort to strengthen and streamline the process of removing deportable criminal aliens \"again", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5b42932686dc05e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 38569, "end": 38581, "quote": "538 U.S. 510", "context": "s was the agency’s failure to detain those aliens during their removal proceedings.” Demore v, Kim, 538 U.S. 510, 518-19, 123 S.Ct. 1708, 155 L.Ed.2d 724 (2003).\n. See U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Fe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "538 U.S. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "60fc14928c29121a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 38591, "end": 38605, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "lure to detain those aliens during their removal proceedings.” Demore v, Kim, 538 U.S. 510, 518-19, 123 S.Ct. 1708, 155 L.Ed.2d 724 (2003).\n. See U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Federal Detention Trustee,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cc11a703f08e1440", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 38607, "end": 38622, "quote": "155 L.Ed.2d 724", "context": "hose aliens during their removal proceedings.” Demore v, Kim, 538 U.S. 510, 518-19, 123 S.Ct. 1708, 155 L.Ed.2d 724 (2003).\n. See U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Federal Detention Trustee, Detention Needs ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "155 L. Ed. 2d 724", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "971b890176392102", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 39633, "end": 39645, "quote": "supra note 6", "context": "n).\n. Detention Needs Assessment and Baseline Report: A Compendium of Federal Detention Statistics, supra note 6, at 15 n. 41.\n. See Mark Noferi, Cascading Constitutional Deprivation: The Right To Appointed Couns", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61f488acb9c8b1be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 39813, "end": 39837, "quote": "18 Mich. J. Race & L. 63", "context": "on: The Right To Appointed Counsel For Mandatorily Detained Immigrants Pending Removal Proceedings, 18 Mich. J. Race & L. 63, 80-82 (2012) (discussing how immigrants may face prolonged detention as average case processing ti", "category": "FullJournalCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c764876adb0fb12c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 40238, "end": 40248, "quote": "§ 1229b(a)", "context": "he to be returned to custody, his total period of detention would exceed six months.\n. See 8 U.S.C. § 1229b(a) (\"The Attorney General may cancel removal in the case of an alien who is inadmissible or deportable", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25274620184ffc16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 41530, "end": 41545, "quote": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "context": "heduled for January 2018.\n. Because this appeal raises questions of law as to the interpretation of 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c), we review the District Court's decision on how to interpret the statute de novo. See Puello v. ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "8 U.S.C. § 1226", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2bb19c9f0edc17d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 41539, "end": 41548, "quote": "§ 1226(c)", "context": "or January 2018.\n. Because this appeal raises questions of law as to the interpretation of 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c), we review the District Court's decision on how to interpret the statute de novo. See Puello v. Bur", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99027612ad075c00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 41689, "end": 41701, "quote": "511 F.3d 324", "context": " on how to interpret the statute de novo. See Puello v. Bureau of Citizenship & Immigration Servs., 511 F.3d 324, 327 (2d Cir.2007).\n. Compare Olmos v. Holder, 780 F.3d 1313, 1324 (10th Cir.2015) (holding that ev", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "511 F.3d 324", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_511/0324_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "393f14db1e3f5af3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 41749, "end": 41762, "quote": "780 F.3d 1313", "context": "au of Citizenship & Immigration Servs., 511 F.3d 324, 327 (2d Cir.2007).\n. Compare Olmos v. Holder, 780 F.3d 1313, 1324 (10th Cir.2015) (holding that even if there was a delay after alien was released before the a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "780 F.3d 1313", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_780/1313_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cbdb17b2e8c8e99d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 41974, "end": 41986, "quote": "714 F.3d 150", "context": "en into immigration custody, mandatory detention still applies), and Sylvain v. Att’y Gen. of U.S., 714 F.3d 150, 156-61 (3d Cir.2013) (holding that immigration officials do not lose authority to impose mandatory", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "714 F.3d 150", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_714/0150_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1f613ad6bc3e8b2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 42170, "end": 42182, "quote": "680 F.3d 375", "context": "impose mandatory detention if they fail to do so \"when the alien is released\"), and Hosh v. Lucero, 680 F.3d 375, 378-84 (4th Cir.2012) (holding that a criminal alien who is not immediately taken into immigration", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "680 F.3d 375", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_680/0375_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7d9b2c4719c936ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 42350, "end": 42365, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "mediately taken into immigration custody after his release from criminal custody js not exempt from section 1226(c)'s mandatory detention provision), with Castañeda v. Souza, 769 F.3d 32 (1st Cir.2014) (interpreting", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "51b49f9155e779ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 42425, "end": 42436, "quote": "769 F.3d 32", "context": "stody js not exempt from section 1226(c)'s mandatory detention provision), with Castañeda v. Souza, 769 F.3d 32 (1st Cir.2014) (interpreting \"when” as signifying that DHS can subject an alien to mandatory detent", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "769 F.3d 32", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_769/0032_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0646e546ef0e643", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 42824, "end": 42839, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "d to the BIA’s interpretation and has held that a pre-conviction release following arrest satisfies section 1226(c)’s release requirement. See Sylvain, 714 F.3d at 161.\n. See Rojas, 23 I. & N. Dec. at 120 (\"We find ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba2298886a0f663b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 42876, "end": 42891, "quote": "714 F.3d at 161", "context": "e-conviction release following arrest satisfies section 1226(c)’s release requirement. See Sylvain, 714 F.3d at 161.\n. See Rojas, 23 I. & N. Dec. at 120 (\"We find the statutory provision, when read in isolation, to ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "714 F.3d 150", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_714/0150_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8e2fcbe520c6e71e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 42906, "end": 42928, "quote": "23 I. & N. Dec. at 120", "context": " arrest satisfies section 1226(c)’s release requirement. See Sylvain, 714 F.3d at 161.\n. See Rojas, 23 I. & N. Dec. at 120 (\"We find the statutory provision, when read in isolation, to be susceptible to different readings.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7aa260182e0b617a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 43076, "end": 43091, "quote": "538 U.S. at 518", "context": " isolation, to be susceptible to different readings.”).\n. As the Supreme Court explained in Demore, 538 U.S. at 518, 123 S.Ct. 1708, Congress adopted section 1226(c) in response to its frustration with criminal alie", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "538 U.S. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "974d1ff52609069b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 43093, "end": 43107, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": " susceptible to different readings.”).\n. As the Supreme Court explained in Demore, 538 U.S. at 518, 123 S.Ct. 1708, Congress adopted section 1226(c) in response to its frustration with criminal aliens’ ability to a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fbed15504c305a6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 43126, "end": 43141, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "s.”).\n. As the Supreme Court explained in Demore, 538 U.S. at 518, 123 S.Ct. 1708, Congress adopted section 1226(c) in response to its frustration with criminal aliens’ ability to avoid deportation if they were not ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98cd8c0047b8bb5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 43412, "end": 43426, "quote": "1995 WL 170285", "context": "concern that criminal aliens who are not detained continue to commit crimes. See S.Rep. No. 104-48, 1995 WL 170285, at *14, *23 (1995). The BIA relied on this history and concluded, \"we discern that the statute as ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1995 WL 170285", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ed2888f4f593f78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 43690, "end": 43712, "quote": "23 I. & N. Dec. at 122", "context": " not just those coming into [INS] custody 'when ... released’ from criminal incarceration.”. Rojas, 23 I. & N. Dec. at 122 (second alteration in original).\n. See, e.g., Sylvain, 714 F.3d at 161 (\"[Ejven if the statute call", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "23 I. & N. Dec. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e8881f226018e98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 43768, "end": 43783, "quote": "714 F.3d at 161", "context": "carceration.”. Rojas, 23 I. & N. Dec. at 122 (second alteration in original).\n. See, e.g., Sylvain, 714 F.3d at 161 (\"[Ejven if the statute calls for detention ‘when the. alien is released,' ... nothing in the statu", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "714 F.3d 150", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_714/0150_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fdced8975ba63a10", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 43949, "end": 43964, "quote": "680 F.3d at 382", "context": "eleased,' ... nothing in the statute suggests that officials lose authority if they delay.”); Hosh, 680 F.3d at 382 (\"The negligence of officers, agents, or other administrators, or any other natural circumstance or", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "680 F.3d 375", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_680/0375_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce2d3008005be7ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 44136, "end": 44145, "quote": "§ 1226(c)", "context": "ther natural circumstance or human error that would prevent federal authorities from complying with § 1226(c), cannot be allowed to thwart congressional intent and prejudice the very interests that Congress so", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d9d79a783b9c8fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 44660, "end": 44675, "quote": "538 U.S. at 532", "context": " process concerns could arise if there was an unreasonable delay by ICE in deportation proceedings. 538 U.S. at 532, 123 S.Ct. 1708 (Kennedy, J„ concurring). Justice Kennedy’s observations were relevant to how long ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "538 U.S. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "96f01f2ece4634ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 44677, "end": 44691, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": " could arise if there was an unreasonable delay by ICE in deportation proceedings. 538 U.S. at 532, 123 S.Ct. 1708 (Kennedy, J„ concurring). Justice Kennedy’s observations were relevant to how long an alien is kept", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a211f67b79fc620e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 44945, "end": 44958, "quote": "Id. at 532-33", "context": "r there may be a gap between release from criminal custody and commencement of immigration custody. Id. at 532-33, 123 S.Ct. 1708.\n.The issue was briefed by the parties below, and we may affirm a district court’s ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4123c08ee83a84e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 44960, "end": 44974, "quote": "123 S.Ct. 1708", "context": "a gap between release from criminal custody and commencement of immigration custody. Id. at 532-33, 123 S.Ct. 1708.\n.The issue was briefed by the parties below, and we may affirm a district court’s decision \"on any", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 S. Ct. 1708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_538/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "763b5166051b5f6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 45260, "end": 45272, "quote": "208 F.3d 384", "context": " grounds upon which the district court did not rely.” See Mauro v. S. New England Telecomms., Inc., 208 F.3d 384, 387 n. 2 (2d Cir.2000) (per curiam) (internal quotation marks omitted).\n. See John R.B. Palmer, Th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "208 F.3d 384", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_208/0384_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "95c5342d360ca66a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 45657, "end": 45672, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "mples of immigrants whose lives and whose families’ lives have been upended by DHS’s enforcement of section 1226(c) without judicially imposed procedural safeguards. There is the case of a LPR who was arrested by IC", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f48d6480f3fceeb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 46199, "end": 46214, "quote": "2015 WL 2359251", "context": "s three children in a homeless shelter. See Baker v. Johnson, No. 14 Civ. 9500(LAP), - F.Supp.3d -, 2015 WL 2359251 (S.D.N.Y. May 15, 2015). Amici also cite the example of an immigrant from Trinidad and Tobago who w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2015 WL 2359251", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc1ace330080f22a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 46503, "end": 46520, "quote": "986 F.Supp.2d 345", "context": "even months before the district court ordered that he be provided with a bond hearing. See Straker, 986 F.Supp.2d 345. During those seven months, his daughter was left without a primary caretaker. The fact that there ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "986 F. Supp. 2d 345", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-2d/volume_986/0345_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5ee887217f5aa09c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_804/0601_01/index.html", "start": 46816, "end": 46831, "quote": "section 1226(c)", "context": "se individuals are parents and primary caregivers of U.S. citizen children gives some indication of section 1226(c)'s scope and potential impact. We are confident that the government also does not wish for the type ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23b9342687df6840", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 1289, "end": 1301, "quote": "508 F.3d 878", "context": "n independent duty to ensure.that appellate jurisdiction exists, Chambers v. City of Fordyce, Ark., 508 F.3d 878, 880 (8th Cir. 2007) (per curiam), and, though neither party called it to our attention, we háve de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "508 F.3d 878", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_508/0878_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1dda22f46699442", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 2425, "end": 2437, "quote": "622 F.3d 992", "context": "ge of the underlying ruling that produced the judgment.” See Prince v. Kids Ark Learning Ctr., LLC, 622 F.3d 992, 994 (8th Cir. 2010) (per curiam). IP, moreover, has briefed and argued the case without broaching ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "622 F.3d 992", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_622/0992_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0115bca1630e19df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 2719, "end": 2732, "quote": "873 F.3d 1023", "context": "ng summary judgment. We therefore turn to that order, which we review de novo. See Weed v. Jenkins, 873 F.3d 1023, 1028 (8th Cir. 2017).\nWe note at the outset that Bedford does not challenge the district court’s c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "873 F.3d 1023", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_873/1023_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ab4b309392826b25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 4364, "end": 4376, "quote": "477 U.S. 317", "context": "by Rule 56, prior to trial, that a claim or defense has no factual basis. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323-24, 327, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). After the parties have had adequate time for d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d1d27ec2f0b8200", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 4391, "end": 4405, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": " that a claim or defense has no factual basis. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323-24, 327, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). After the parties have had adequate time for discovery, a movant will be en", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c54c8bddd1150f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 4407, "end": 4421, "quote": "91 L.Ed.2d 265", "context": " defense has no factual basis. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323-24, 327, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). After the parties have had adequate time for discovery, a movant will be entitled to summar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f000a38a5c1628b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 4726, "end": 4736, "quote": "Id. at 322", "context": "nt essential to that party’s case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial.” Id. at 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548. The movant bears the initial responsibility of informing the district court of the", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "91 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e869d6153df84aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 4738, "end": 4752, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": " to that party’s case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial.” Id. at 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548. The movant bears the initial responsibility of informing the district court of the basis for its m", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d400f35d106d443", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 5015, "end": 5028, "quote": "643 F.3d 1031", "context": "eves demonstrate the absence of a genuine dispute of material fact. Torgerson v. City of Rochester, 643 F.3d 1031, 1042 (8th Cir. 2011) (en banc). The Supreme Court in Celotex said that the burden on the movant “m", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "643 F.3d 1031", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_643/1031_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "038036c63d5d44b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 5281, "end": 5296, "quote": "477 U.S. at 325", "context": "to the district court— that there is an absence of evidence to support the nonmoving party’s case.” 477 U.S. at 325, 106 S.Ct. 2548. We have acknowledged that this initial burden on the movant is “far from stringent", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "477 U.S. 317", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9cfcdda948d5481b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 5298, "end": 5312, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2548", "context": "ourt— that there is an absence of evidence to support the nonmoving party’s case.” 477 U.S. at 325, 106 S.Ct. 2548. We have acknowledged that this initial burden on the movant is “far from stringent” and “regularly", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2548", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88df09339776ccd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 5481, "end": 5493, "quote": "250 F.3d 587", "context": " from stringent” and “regularly discharged with ease.” St. Jude Med., Inc. v. Lifecare Int’l, Inc., 250 F.3d 587, 596 (8th Cir. 2001). The moving party can satisfy its burden in either of two ways: it can produce", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "250 F.3d 587", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_250/0587_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8fa329a3427e992e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 5873, "end": 5886, "quote": "210 F.3d 1099", "context": " carry its ultimate burden of persuasion at trial. See Nissan Fire & Marine Ins. Co. v. Fritz Cos., 210 F.3d 1099, 1106 (9th Cir. 2000). In other words, if the nonmoving party must prove X to prevail, the moving p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "210 F.3d 1099", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_210/1099_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "424a0bdeecc00c48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 6329, "end": 6345, "quote": "643 F.3d at 1042", "context": "dentiary materials” of specific facts showing the presence of a genuine issue for trial. Torgerson, 643 F.3d at 1042. The nonmoving party must do more than raise some metaphysical doubt about the material facts, id.,", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "643 F.3d 1031", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_643/1031_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "86d007d6c3303569", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 6441, "end": 6445, "quote": "id.,", "context": "1042. The nonmoving party must do more than raise some metaphysical doubt about the material facts, id., and cannot rest on mere denials or allegations. Gibson v. Am. Greetings Corp., 670 F.3d 844, 853 (8", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "643 F.3d 1031", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_643/1031_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "58843393be670501", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 6525, "end": 6537, "quote": "670 F.3d 844", "context": "material facts, id., and cannot rest on mere denials or allegations. Gibson v. Am. Greetings Corp., 670 F.3d 844, 853 (8th Cir. 2012). The nonmoving party must instead present enough evidence that a jury could re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "670 F.3d 844", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_670/0844_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "db0bcff6f147c8ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 6665, "end": 6668, "quote": "Id.", "context": "onmoving party must instead present enough evidence that a jury could reasonably find in his favor. Id.\nArkansas substantive law applies in this diversity case, see Torti v. Hoag, 868 F.3d 666, 671 (8th ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "670 F.3d 844", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_670/0844_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7abd65cee6258671", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 6745, "end": 6757, "quote": "868 F.3d 666", "context": " find in his favor. Id.\nArkansas substantive law applies in this diversity case, see Torti v. Hoag, 868 F.3d 666, 671 (8th Cir. 2017), and Arkansas tort law requires that Bedford prove that IP owed him a duty, th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "868 F.3d 666", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_868/0666_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d7e9bb47048c965f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 6962, "end": 6976, "quote": "386 S.W.3d 439", "context": " breached that duty, and that the breach proximately caused his injuries. See Yanmar Co. v. Slater, 386 S.W.3d 439, 449 (Ark. 2012). In its motion for summary judgment, IP pointed out to the district court that Bed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "386 S.W.3d 439", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb8a8529e3a1475c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 8059, "end": 8062, "quote": "Id.", "context": " stressed that “negligence is never assumed,” but must instead be proven by the party asserting it. Id. It has also emphasized that plaintiffs, in proving negligence, may not rely on conjecture or specul", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "386 S.W.3d 439", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a3f3d585fe9d4e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 8263, "end": 8266, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tion, and the mere fact that an accident occurred does not give rise to an inference of negligence. Id. These principles are certainly relevant here since Bedford has admitted that there are potential re", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "386 S.W.3d 439", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a495f850029f5101", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 8639, "end": 8653, "quote": "891 S.W.2d 351", "context": " the jury is not left to speculate about their cause. See St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co. v. Brady, 891 S.W.2d 351, 353-54 (Ark. 1995). In short, “[n]egligence is not imposed in the absence of proof.” Mangrum v. Pi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "891 S.W.2d 351", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b8ce29bcdb8c15d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 8758, "end": 8772, "quote": "198 S.W.3d 496", "context": "-54 (Ark. 1995). In short, “[n]egligence is not imposed in the absence of proof.” Mangrum v. Pigue, 198 S.W.3d 496, 503 (Ark. 2004). We therefore reject Bedford’s invitation to assume that IP was negligent, and we ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "198 S.W.3d 496", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c2feff354f84dd9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_880/0993_01/index.html", "start": 9166, "end": 9178, "quote": "867 F.3d 992", "context": "he district court did not abuse its discretion in denying it, see Peterson v. Travelers Indem. Co., 867 F.3d 992, 997 (8th Cir. 2017), because that motion raised the same arguments that we now reject de novo.\nAff", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "867 F.3d 992", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_867/0992_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9f47537099f0bf26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 977, "end": 990, "quote": "138 S.Ct. 945", "context": "vor rights expressly enumerated by our Founders. See , e.g. , Silvester v. Becerra , --- U.S. ----, 138 S.Ct. 945, --- L.Ed.2d ---- (2018) (Thomas, J., dissenting from denial of certiorari). This case reinforces t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "138 S. Ct. 945", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e9691313652dbd6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 1776, "end": 1788, "quote": "548 U.S. 230", "context": "the Supreme Court invalidated various campaign contribution limits imposed by the State of Vermont. 548 U.S. 230, 126 S.Ct. 2479, 165 L.Ed.2d 482 (2006). That included a limit of $300 per election cycle-that is, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "548 U.S. 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8dc846796426b650", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 1790, "end": 1804, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "urt invalidated various campaign contribution limits imposed by the State of Vermont. 548 U.S. 230, 126 S.Ct. 2479, 165 L.Ed.2d 482 (2006). That included a limit of $300 per election cycle-that is, $150 per electio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "90930e123a68fbf7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 1806, "end": 1821, "quote": "165 L.Ed.2d 482", "context": "various campaign contribution limits imposed by the State of Vermont. 548 U.S. 230, 126 S.Ct. 2479, 165 L.Ed.2d 482 (2006). That included a limit of $300 per election cycle-that is, $150 per election (primary and ge", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "165 L. Ed. 2d 482", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d49d39302b84e164", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 2020, "end": 2033, "quote": "Id. at 236-38", "context": "eneral), or $215 in 2015 dollars-for state senators representing between 20,000 and 120,000 people. Id. at 236-38, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality); see also Joint App'x at 21-22, Randall , 548 U.S. 230 (Nos. 04-1528, 0", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1cd1fda74eb920a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 2035, "end": 2049, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "5 in 2015 dollars-for state senators representing between 20,000 and 120,000 people. Id. at 236-38, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality); see also Joint App'x at 21-22, Randall , 548 U.S. 230 (Nos. 04-1528, 04-1530, 04-1697)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3a4a1d08126b9c38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 2104, "end": 2116, "quote": "548 U.S. 230", "context": "120,000 people. Id. at 236-38, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality); see also Joint App'x at 21-22, Randall , 548 U.S. 230 (Nos. 04-1528, 04-1530, 04-1697), 2005 WL 3477006, at *55-56, 79.\nThis case involves a similarly lo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "548 U.S. 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fce5f5c01f251a45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 2151, "end": 2166, "quote": "2005 WL 3477006", "context": "plurality); see also Joint App'x at 21-22, Randall , 548 U.S. 230 (Nos. 04-1528, 04-1530, 04-1697), 2005 WL 3477006, at *55-56, 79.\nThis case involves a similarly low contribution limit of $350 per election, in 2015", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2005 WL 3477006", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3eb42784c3afc274", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 2388, "end": 2400, "quote": "881 F.3d 378", "context": "ncil members representing fewer than 100,000 people in Austin, Texas. Zimmerman v. City of Austin , 881 F.3d 378, 387 & n.3 (5th Cir. 2018). For several reasons, we should have granted rehearing en banc and held ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "881 F.3d 378", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_881/0378_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b054bff824133e48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 2737, "end": 2749, "quote": "479 U.S. 238", "context": "upport and defray the costs of campaign speech. See , e.g. , FEC v. Mass. Citizens for Life, Inc. , 479 U.S. 238, 261, 107 S.Ct. 616, 93 L.Ed.2d 539 (1986) (\"[I]ndividuals contribute to a political organization i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "479 U.S. 238", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "150e54a973ac72b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 2756, "end": 2769, "quote": "107 S.Ct. 616", "context": "he costs of campaign speech. See , e.g. , FEC v. Mass. Citizens for Life, Inc. , 479 U.S. 238, 261, 107 S.Ct. 616, 93 L.Ed.2d 539 (1986) (\"[I]ndividuals contribute to a political organization in part because they ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 S. Ct. 616", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "674881bc41f13ed2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 2771, "end": 2785, "quote": "93 L.Ed.2d 539", "context": "paign speech. See , e.g. , FEC v. Mass. Citizens for Life, Inc. , 479 U.S. 238, 261, 107 S.Ct. 616, 93 L.Ed.2d 539 (1986) (\"[I]ndividuals contribute to a political organization in part because they regard such a co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 L. Ed. 2d 539", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e2f55b3b63c39e5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 3026, "end": 3038, "quote": "500 U.S. 257", "context": "dvocacy than spending the money under their own personal direction.\"); McCormick v. United States , 500 U.S. 257, 272, 111 S.Ct. 1807, 114 L.Ed.2d 307 (1991) (\"[E]lection campaigns are financed by private contrib", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "500 U.S. 257", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_500/0257_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f4bda3e56491766", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 3045, "end": 3059, "quote": "111 S.Ct. 1807", "context": "ng the money under their own personal direction.\"); McCormick v. United States , 500 U.S. 257, 272, 111 S.Ct. 1807, 114 L.Ed.2d 307 (1991) (\"[E]lection campaigns are financed by private contributions or expenditure", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 S. Ct. 1807", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_500/0257_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5a8063824fc5aa5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 3061, "end": 3076, "quote": "114 L.Ed.2d 307", "context": "er their own personal direction.\"); McCormick v. United States , 500 U.S. 257, 272, 111 S.Ct. 1807, 114 L.Ed.2d 307 (1991) (\"[E]lection campaigns are financed by private contributions or expenditures, as they have b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 L. Ed. 2d 307", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_500/0257_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0daa70977b934be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 3570, "end": 3584, "quote": "134 S.Ct. 1434", "context": "ting unlawful quid pro quo corruption or the appearance thereof.\nMcCutcheon v. FEC , --- U.S. ----, 134 S.Ct. 1434, 1450, 188 L.Ed.2d 468 (2014) (plurality). And as the Court has made clear, quid pro quo corruption", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1434", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0185_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bb217e8013af7ac3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 3592, "end": 3607, "quote": "188 L.Ed.2d 468", "context": " quo corruption or the appearance thereof.\nMcCutcheon v. FEC , --- U.S. ----, 134 S.Ct. 1434, 1450, 188 L.Ed.2d 468 (2014) (plurality). And as the Court has made clear, quid pro quo corruption requires \"a direct exc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "188 L. Ed. 2d 468", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0185_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "192b9ad1346bf0a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 3744, "end": 3755, "quote": "Id. at 1441", "context": " has made clear, quid pro quo corruption requires \"a direct exchange of an official act for money.\" Id. at 1441.\nThe Court has also explicitly rejected other purported justifications for restricting campaign con", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d809b22e6e5c5f9a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4067, "end": 4079, "quote": "528 U.S. 377", "context": "recise to warrant interference with First Amendment rights. Compare Nixon v. Shrink Mo. Gov't PAC , 528 U.S. 377, 388-89, 120 S.Ct. 897, 145 L.Ed.2d 886 (2000), with McCutcheon , 134 S.Ct. at 1451 (\"The line betw", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "528 U.S. 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "320c115dd293ae4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4089, "end": 4102, "quote": "120 S.Ct. 897", "context": "rference with First Amendment rights. Compare Nixon v. Shrink Mo. Gov't PAC , 528 U.S. 377, 388-89, 120 S.Ct. 897, 145 L.Ed.2d 886 (2000), with McCutcheon , 134 S.Ct. at 1451 (\"The line between quid pro quo corrup", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "120 S. Ct. 897", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b009ab38a91c8296", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4104, "end": 4119, "quote": "145 L.Ed.2d 886", "context": "irst Amendment rights. Compare Nixon v. Shrink Mo. Gov't PAC , 528 U.S. 377, 388-89, 120 S.Ct. 897, 145 L.Ed.2d 886 (2000), with McCutcheon , 134 S.Ct. at 1451 (\"The line between quid pro quo corruption and general ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "145 L. Ed. 2d 886", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "610eef8e9a86705b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4146, "end": 4163, "quote": "134 S.Ct. at 1451", "context": "rink Mo. Gov't PAC , 528 U.S. 377, 388-89, 120 S.Ct. 897, 145 L.Ed.2d 886 (2000), with McCutcheon , 134 S.Ct. at 1451 (\"The line between quid pro quo corruption and general influence ... must be respected in order to ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1434", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0185_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e8979fcb00dee9a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4335, "end": 4347, "quote": "558 U.S. 310", "context": "st be respected in order to safeguard basic First Amendment rights.\"), and Citizens United v. FEC , 558 U.S. 310, 360-61, 130 S.Ct. 876, 175 L.Ed.2d 753 (2010) (\"Ingratiation and access ... are not corruption.\").", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "558 U.S. 310", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_558/0310_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6bad4ce950f476b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4357, "end": 4370, "quote": "130 S.Ct. 876", "context": "er to safeguard basic First Amendment rights.\"), and Citizens United v. FEC , 558 U.S. 310, 360-61, 130 S.Ct. 876, 175 L.Ed.2d 753 (2010) (\"Ingratiation and access ... are not corruption.\"). Nor may government reg", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "130 S. Ct. 876", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_558/0310_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "394a573597745de7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4372, "end": 4387, "quote": "175 L.Ed.2d 753", "context": " basic First Amendment rights.\"), and Citizens United v. FEC , 558 U.S. 310, 360-61, 130 S.Ct. 876, 175 L.Ed.2d 753 (2010) (\"Ingratiation and access ... are not corruption.\"). Nor may government regulate contributio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "175 L. Ed. 2d 753", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_558/0310_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0ee0b45d335e6078", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4660, "end": 4677, "quote": "134 S.Ct. at 1441", "context": "political participation of some in order to enhance the relative influence of others.\" McCutcheon , 134 S.Ct. at 1441.\nMoreover, the risk of quid pro quo corruption must be established by evidence-courts may not \"acce", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1434", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0185_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aaf52460d8d5770b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4847, "end": 4858, "quote": "Id. at 1452", "context": " evidence-courts may not \"accept[ ] mere conjecture as adequate to carry a First Amendment burden.\" Id. at 1452 (emphasis added) (quoting Shrink , 528 U.S. at 392, 120 S.Ct. 897 ).\nThis standard is fatal to Aust", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1434", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0185_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c1fa71d3e3670535", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4894, "end": 4909, "quote": "528 U.S. at 392", "context": "ture as adequate to carry a First Amendment burden.\" Id. at 1452 (emphasis added) (quoting Shrink , 528 U.S. at 392, 120 S.Ct. 897 ).\nThis standard is fatal to Austin's $350 contribution limit. It is at best \"conjec", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "528 U.S. 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4319e9ec69efd248", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 4911, "end": 4924, "quote": "120 S.Ct. 897", "context": "to carry a First Amendment burden.\" Id. at 1452 (emphasis added) (quoting Shrink , 528 U.S. at 392, 120 S.Ct. 897 ).\nThis standard is fatal to Austin's $350 contribution limit. It is at best \"conjectural\" that a $", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "120 S. Ct. 897", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f6a19421d5eeab9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 5457, "end": 5475, "quote": "548 U.S. at 272-73", "context": "ng fewer than 100,000 constituents, which adjusted for inflation is $390 in 2015 dollars. Randall , 548 U.S. at 272-73, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (Thomas, J., concurring) (alterations and quotations marks omitted) (quoting Shrink", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "548 U.S. 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9418f1f5ee73297e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 5477, "end": 5491, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "0 constituents, which adjusted for inflation is $390 in 2015 dollars. Randall , 548 U.S. at 272-73, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (Thomas, J., concurring) (alterations and quotations marks omitted) (quoting Shrink , 528 U.S. at 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "552f3c02eea6068d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 5578, "end": 5593, "quote": "528 U.S. at 425", "context": "26 S.Ct. 2479 (Thomas, J., concurring) (alterations and quotations marks omitted) (quoting Shrink , 528 U.S. at 425, 120 S.Ct. 897 (Thomas, J., dissenting) ). His words are equally applicable here: I too cannot fath", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "528 U.S. 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1c5331b76527817f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 5595, "end": 5608, "quote": "120 S.Ct. 897", "context": "omas, J., concurring) (alterations and quotations marks omitted) (quoting Shrink , 528 U.S. at 425, 120 S.Ct. 897 (Thomas, J., dissenting) ). His words are equally applicable here: I too cannot fathom how a $390 c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "120 S. Ct. 897", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "76b1890c4c62ce6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 7067, "end": 7082, "quote": "881 F.3d at 387", "context": "al was filed-on contributions to candidates for any office representing fewer than 100,000 people.\" 881 F.3d at 387. In other words, the panel ruled that the difference between the $390 limit in Shrink and the $350 ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "881 F.3d 378", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_881/0378_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7952850a4ce4f2fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 7696, "end": 7711, "quote": "548 U.S. at 269", "context": " Shrink as a constitutional minimum, or at least as limits below which 'danger signs' are present.\" 548 U.S. at 269, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (Thomas, J., concurring).\nBut there's an even more basic problem here: The Supreme ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "548 U.S. 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fbcd1aad1ecae737", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 7713, "end": 7727, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "titutional minimum, or at least as limits below which 'danger signs' are present.\" 548 U.S. at 269, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (Thomas, J., concurring).\nBut there's an even more basic problem here: The Supreme Court did not pa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de135166bc39cfab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 7894, "end": 7912, "quote": "528 U.S. at 382-83", "context": "ere: The Supreme Court did not pass judgment on the constitutionality of the $390 limit in Shrink . 528 U.S. at 382-83, 120 S.Ct. 897 (describing the inflation-adjusted \"$1,075 [limit] for contributions to candidates f", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "528 U.S. 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e09c10518b204582", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 7914, "end": 7927, "quote": "120 S.Ct. 897", "context": "rt did not pass judgment on the constitutionality of the $390 limit in Shrink . 528 U.S. at 382-83, 120 S.Ct. 897 (describing the inflation-adjusted \"$1,075 [limit] for contributions to candidates for statewide of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "120 S. Ct. 897", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2363f3288702d2c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 8148, "end": 8160, "quote": "204 F.3d 838", "context": " auditor)\" as the \"particular provision challenged here\"); see also Shrink Mo. Gov't PAC v. Adams , 204 F.3d 838, 840 (8th Cir. 2000) (analyzing on remand \"the $525 and $275 limits\" because the Supreme Court \"rev", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "204 F.3d 838", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_204/0838_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c2d351d6eaba358e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 8488, "end": 8503, "quote": "548 U.S. at 251", "context": "iously upheld [is] the limit of $1,075 per election ... for candidates for Missouri state auditor.\" 548 U.S. at 251, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality) (emphasis added) (citing Shrink , 528 U.S. 377, 120 S.Ct. 897 ).\nThus, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "548 U.S. 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e498ed47083cd7f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 8505, "end": 8519, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "] the limit of $1,075 per election ... for candidates for Missouri state auditor.\" 548 U.S. at 251, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality) (emphasis added) (citing Shrink , 528 U.S. 377, 120 S.Ct. 897 ).\nThus, in holding the V", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe5bfeadd94d8064", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 8566, "end": 8578, "quote": "528 U.S. 377", "context": "souri state auditor.\" 548 U.S. at 251, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality) (emphasis added) (citing Shrink , 528 U.S. 377, 120 S.Ct. 897 ).\nThus, in holding the Vermont limit unconstitutional, Randall specifically noted t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "528 U.S. 377", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d4b37dea7a431e98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 8580, "end": 8593, "quote": "120 S.Ct. 897", "context": "ditor.\" 548 U.S. at 251, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality) (emphasis added) (citing Shrink , 528 U.S. 377, 120 S.Ct. 897 ).\nThus, in holding the Vermont limit unconstitutional, Randall specifically noted that \"Vermont's ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "120 S. Ct. 897", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "500dc792c8932d83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 8726, "end": 8729, "quote": "Id.", "context": "limit unconstitutional, Randall specifically noted that \"Vermont's limit is well below ... $1,075.\" Id. (emphasis added). So too here: Austin's $350 limit is \"well below\" $1,075 (or $1,525 in 2015 dollar", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "120 S. Ct. 897", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_528/0377_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a748f032f468b362", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 9375, "end": 9389, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "t [Austin's] contribution limit[ ] may fall outside tolerable First Amendment limits.\" Id . at 253, 126 S.Ct. 2479. See also id. at 252, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (\"it [is] difficult to treat Shrink 's (then) $1,075 limit as ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e6bfe059b83e8df3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 9400, "end": 9410, "quote": "id. at 252", "context": " limit[ ] may fall outside tolerable First Amendment limits.\" Id . at 253, 126 S.Ct. 2479. See also id. at 252, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (\"it [is] difficult to treat Shrink 's (then) $1,075 limit as providing affirmative", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "44ac695ee66995c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 9412, "end": 9426, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "y fall outside tolerable First Amendment limits.\" Id . at 253, 126 S.Ct. 2479. See also id. at 252, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (\"it [is] difficult to treat Shrink 's (then) $1,075 limit as providing affirmative support for the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9544de1f827ea734", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 9571, "end": 9581, "quote": "id. at 269", "context": ") $1,075 limit as providing affirmative support for the lawfulness of Vermont's far lower levels\"); id. at 269, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (Thomas, J., concurring) (emphasizing plurality's \"treatment of the limits in Shrin", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20f3b77279c7c814", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 9583, "end": 9597, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "it as providing affirmative support for the lawfulness of Vermont's far lower levels\"); id. at 269, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (Thomas, J., concurring) (emphasizing plurality's \"treatment of the limits in Shrink as a constitut", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c50c2f7c92e4d78a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 10013, "end": 10031, "quote": "548 U.S. at 253-63", "context": "osely drawn\" to serve a recognized government interest, as required by the Supreme Court. Randall , 548 U.S. at 253-63, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality) (citing Buckley v. Valeo , 424 U.S. 1, 20-22, 36-37, 96 S.Ct. 612, 46 L", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "548 U.S. 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9b84969cfdffa6cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 10033, "end": 10047, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "e a recognized government interest, as required by the Supreme Court. Randall , 548 U.S. at 253-63, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality) (citing Buckley v. Valeo , 424 U.S. 1, 20-22, 36-37, 96 S.Ct. 612, 46 L.Ed.2d 659 (1976", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "15180e21b4a4df31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 10087, "end": 10097, "quote": "424 U.S. 1", "context": " Supreme Court. Randall , 548 U.S. at 253-63, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality) (citing Buckley v. Valeo , 424 U.S. 1, 20-22, 36-37, 96 S.Ct. 612, 46 L.Ed.2d 659 (1976) ).\nII.\nA majority of this Court has decided not ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "424 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7374883a7a7cd6cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 10113, "end": 10125, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 612", "context": "548 U.S. at 253-63, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality) (citing Buckley v. Valeo , 424 U.S. 1, 20-22, 36-37, 96 S.Ct. 612, 46 L.Ed.2d 659 (1976) ).\nII.\nA majority of this Court has decided not to rehear this case en banc.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 612", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fa22f4672bea539b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 10127, "end": 10141, "quote": "46 L.Ed.2d 659", "context": "3-63, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (plurality) (citing Buckley v. Valeo , 424 U.S. 1, 20-22, 36-37, 96 S.Ct. 612, 46 L.Ed.2d 659 (1976) ).\nII.\nA majority of this Court has decided not to rehear this case en banc. But that decisi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 L. Ed. 2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "408f68794f4d7e7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 11194, "end": 11209, "quote": "548 U.S. at 248", "context": "stantially more disruptive to effective campaign advocacy in Austin than in Missouri. See Randall , 548 U.S. at 248, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (\"Following Buckley , we must determine whether [Vermont's] contribution limits pre", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "548 U.S. 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d3b957d4c78bd059", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 11211, "end": 11225, "quote": "126 S.Ct. 2479", "context": "isruptive to effective campaign advocacy in Austin than in Missouri. See Randall , 548 U.S. at 248, 126 S.Ct. 2479 (\"Following Buckley , we must determine whether [Vermont's] contribution limits prevent candidates ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 S. Ct. 2479", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "125d10396ae07efd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 11454, "end": 11468, "quote": "424 U.S. at 21", "context": "necessary for effective [campaign] advocacy.' \") (second alteration in original) (quoting Buckley , 424 U.S. at 21, 96 S.Ct. 612 ).\nNothing in Supreme Court precedent precludes such locality considerations in asses", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "424 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4d5dc87de28263eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 11470, "end": 11482, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 612", "context": "fective [campaign] advocacy.' \") (second alteration in original) (quoting Buckley , 424 U.S. at 21, 96 S.Ct. 612 ).\nNothing in Supreme Court precedent precludes such locality considerations in assessing the const", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 612", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b06c4775ec29846", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 12078, "end": 12090, "quote": "786 F.3d 367", "context": "ality considerations in a future challenge to the Austin contribution limit. See De La Paz v. Coy , 786 F.3d 367, 373 (5th Cir. 2015) (\"[A]ccording to black letter law, 'a question not raised by counsel or discus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "786 F.3d 367", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_786/0367_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b0da9e69a2a518a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 12369, "end": 12379, "quote": "271 U.S. 9", "context": "d in the record and might have been raised and considered.' \") (quoting United States v. Mitchell , 271 U.S. 9, 14, 46 S.Ct. 418, 70 L.Ed. 799 (1926), and citing Henry Campbell Black, Handbook on the Law of Jud", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "271 U.S. 9", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "869325eb804594ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 12385, "end": 12397, "quote": "46 S.Ct. 418", "context": "and might have been raised and considered.' \") (quoting United States v. Mitchell , 271 U.S. 9, 14, 46 S.Ct. 418, 70 L.Ed. 799 (1926), and citing Henry Campbell Black, Handbook on the Law of Judicial Precedents, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 S. Ct. 418", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e6a26b036c697040", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 12399, "end": 12411, "quote": "70 L.Ed. 799", "context": " been raised and considered.' \") (quoting United States v. Mitchell , 271 U.S. 9, 14, 46 S.Ct. 418, 70 L.Ed. 799 (1926), and citing Henry Campbell Black, Handbook on the Law of Judicial Precedents, or, The Scienc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 L. Ed. 799", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86a4ffe50f5761cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 12661, "end": 12673, "quote": "881 F.3d at ", "context": " a challenge to Austin's contribution limit for mayoral races, which was not at issue in this case. 881 F.3d at 384 n.1.\nIII.\nThe Austin contribution limit is invalid under current Supreme Court precedent. Moreov", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "881 F.3d 378", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_881/0378_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ee75e867a6d0f9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 13437, "end": 13449, "quote": "433 U.S. 350", "context": "the regulation also threatens to chill protected speech. See , e.g. , Bates v. State Bar of Ariz. , 433 U.S. 350, 380, 97 S.Ct. 2691, 53 L.Ed.2d 810 (1977) (\"The reason for the special rule in First Amendment cas", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "433 U.S. 350", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "542b054bfb5059ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 13456, "end": 13469, "quote": "97 S.Ct. 2691", "context": " threatens to chill protected speech. See , e.g. , Bates v. State Bar of Ariz. , 433 U.S. 350, 380, 97 S.Ct. 2691, 53 L.Ed.2d 810 (1977) (\"The reason for the special rule in First Amendment cases is apparent: An o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 2691", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43e42dcab83c72fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 13471, "end": 13485, "quote": "53 L.Ed.2d 810", "context": "hill protected speech. See , e.g. , Bates v. State Bar of Ariz. , 433 U.S. 350, 380, 97 S.Ct. 2691, 53 L.Ed.2d 810 (1977) (\"The reason for the special rule in First Amendment cases is apparent: An overbroad statute", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 L. Ed. 2d 810", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0effb2c747a98de6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 13813, "end": 13825, "quote": "380 U.S. 479", "context": " activity might be discouraged by the in terrorem effect of the statute.\"); Dombrowski v. Pfister , 380 U.S. 479, 494, 85 S.Ct. 1116, 14 L.Ed.2d 22 (1965) (holding unconstitutional an \"overly broad statute\" becau", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "380 U.S. 479", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ad241de837407e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 13832, "end": 13845, "quote": "85 S.Ct. 1116", "context": "discouraged by the in terrorem effect of the statute.\"); Dombrowski v. Pfister , 380 U.S. 479, 494, 85 S.Ct. 1116, 14 L.Ed.2d 22 (1965) (holding unconstitutional an \"overly broad statute\" because it \"creates a 'da", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 S. Ct. 1116", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ffc6517a0fa0358", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 13847, "end": 13860, "quote": "14 L.Ed.2d 22", "context": "the in terrorem effect of the statute.\"); Dombrowski v. Pfister , 380 U.S. 479, 494, 85 S.Ct. 1116, 14 L.Ed.2d 22 (1965) (holding unconstitutional an \"overly broad statute\" because it \"creates a 'danger zone' with", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 L. Ed. 2d 22", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18e20789d5d51c13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 14753, "end": 14770, "quote": "134 S.Ct. at 1441", "context": "or no other reason than to \"support candidates who share their beliefs and interests.\" McCutcheon , 134 S.Ct. at 1441. Because the candidate and the donor share common beliefs, the candidate is already \"expected to be", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1434", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0185_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "af9557b60b60dc2e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 14951, "end": 14954, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ady \"expected to be responsive to those concerns,\" without any inkling of a quid pro quo agreement. Id. Indeed, many Americans contribute without ever even communicating with the candidate-for example, a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1434", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0185_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "20be510744750571", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 15315, "end": 15318, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tributions are far from corrupt-to quote McCutcheon , they \"embody a central feature of democracy.\" Id. The Court nevertheless allows their criminalization. This is textbook over-inclusiveness.\nCampaign ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "134 S. Ct. 1434", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_572/0185_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fbb2e466b36f94c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 15789, "end": 15801, "quote": "491 U.S. 524", "context": "refore fails to further a recognized government interest. See , e.g. , The Florida Star v. B.J.F. , 491 U.S. 524, 540, 109 S.Ct. 2603, 105 L.Ed.2d 443 (1989) (\"[T]he facial underinclusiveness of [the statute] rai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "491 U.S. 524", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "61c3dae89bb63bb2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 15808, "end": 15822, "quote": "109 S.Ct. 2603", "context": "ther a recognized government interest. See , e.g. , The Florida Star v. B.J.F. , 491 U.S. 524, 540, 109 S.Ct. 2603, 105 L.Ed.2d 443 (1989) (\"[T]he facial underinclusiveness of [the statute] raises serious doubts ab", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 2603", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "35fd47227899427b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 15824, "end": 15839, "quote": "105 L.Ed.2d 443", "context": "d government interest. See , e.g. , The Florida Star v. B.J.F. , 491 U.S. 524, 540, 109 S.Ct. 2603, 105 L.Ed.2d 443 (1989) (\"[T]he facial underinclusiveness of [the statute] raises serious doubts about whether Flori", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 L. Ed. 2d 443", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47e743d2350123fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 16079, "end": 16094, "quote": "558 U.S. at 362", "context": "te, the significant interests which appellee invokes in support of affirmance.\"); Citizens United , 558 U.S. at 362, 130 S.Ct. 876 (\"[T]he statute is both underinclusive and overinclusive. ... [I]f Congress had been", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "558 U.S. 310", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_558/0310_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "886983e51ea91a42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 16096, "end": 16109, "quote": "130 S.Ct. 876", "context": "nt interests which appellee invokes in support of affirmance.\"); Citizens United , 558 U.S. at 362, 130 S.Ct. 876 (\"[T]he statute is both underinclusive and overinclusive. ... [I]f Congress had been seeking to pro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "130 S. Ct. 876", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_558/0310_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "99adc5fb50ceedd2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 16792, "end": 16806, "quote": "424 U.S. at 45", "context": "enditures may pose the same potential for quid pro quo corruption as direct campaign contributions. 424 U.S. at 45, 96 S.Ct. 612 (invalidating limits on independent expenditures, while upholding campaign contributi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "424 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b75e2969185ea625", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 16808, "end": 16820, "quote": "96 S.Ct. 612", "context": "se the same potential for quid pro quo corruption as direct campaign contributions. 424 U.S. at 45, 96 S.Ct. 612 (invalidating limits on independent expenditures, while upholding campaign contribution limits, eve", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 612", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd738a8e9c65905a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 18239, "end": 18242, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ion on express advocacy of election or defeat but nevertheless benefited the candidate's campaign.\" Id. Accordingly, the Court held that \"no substantial societal interest would be served \" by such a rest", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 612", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d816aa63b94cb89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 18527, "end": 18530, "quote": "Id.", "context": "unlimited sums of money in order to obtain improper influence over candidates for elective office.\" Id. (emphasis added).\nLimits on campaign contributions are even more under-inclusive-especially conside", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 612", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e6fa3bac471c8f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 19882, "end": 19894, "quote": "567 U.S. 519", "context": "esult of a government that would be unrecognizable to our Founders. See , e.g. , NFIB v. Sebelius , 567 U.S. 519, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012).\nSo if there is too much money in politics, it's because th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "567 U.S. 519", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_567/0519_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "954d25b91b788835", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 19896, "end": 19910, "quote": "132 S.Ct. 2566", "context": "ernment that would be unrecognizable to our Founders. See , e.g. , NFIB v. Sebelius , 567 U.S. 519, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012).\nSo if there is too much money in politics, it's because there's too much g", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 S. Ct. 2566", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_567/0519_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6d7e0dee65138062", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 19912, "end": 19927, "quote": "183 L.Ed.2d 450", "context": "ld be unrecognizable to our Founders. See , e.g. , NFIB v. Sebelius , 567 U.S. 519, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012).\nSo if there is too much money in politics, it's because there's too much government. The si", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "183 L. Ed. 2d 450", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_567/0519_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bc8af53277b000ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 20120, "end": 20130, "quote": "581 F.3d 1", "context": " The size and scope of government makes such spending essential. See , e.g. , EMILY's List v. FEC , 581 F.3d 1, 33 (D.C. Cir. 2009) (Brown, J., concurring) (\"The more power is at stake, the more money will be u", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "581 F.3d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c942ccf29f001a45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 20948, "end": 20960, "quote": "548 U.S. 230", "context": "d spend their money. I respectfully dissent.\nSee , e.g. , Brief for Petitioners at 9, 12, Randall , 548 U.S. 230 (No. 04-1528), 2005 WL 3839201 (addressing \"the unique and idiosyncratic aspects of running a campa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "548 U.S. 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0dd93ff7f6e14be6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 20976, "end": 20991, "quote": "2005 WL 3839201", "context": "ctfully dissent.\nSee , e.g. , Brief for Petitioners at 9, 12, Randall , 548 U.S. 230 (No. 04-1528), 2005 WL 3839201 (addressing \"the unique and idiosyncratic aspects of running a campaign in different Vermont legisl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2005 WL 3839201", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86a40db18ed30f0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 21358, "end": 21370, "quote": "548 U.S. 230", "context": "f for Respondents, Cross-Petitioners Vermont Public Interest Research Group et al. at 45, Randall , 548 U.S. 230 (Nos. 04-1528, 04-1530, 04-1697), 2006 WL 325190 (suggesting \"that campaigns in Vermont would be si", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "548 U.S. 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c46b2fd91db7ce1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 21405, "end": 21419, "quote": "2006 WL 325190", "context": "blic Interest Research Group et al. at 45, Randall , 548 U.S. 230 (Nos. 04-1528, 04-1530, 04-1697), 2006 WL 325190 (suggesting \"that campaigns in Vermont would be significantly less expensive than in other parts of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2006 WL 325190", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82d1a00e15e1e920", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 21719, "end": 21731, "quote": "548 U.S. 230", "context": "ively inexpensive cost of television advertising\"); Transcript of Oral Argument at 31-32, Randall , 548 U.S. 230 (Nos. 04-1528, 04-1530, 04-1697), 2006 WL 560656 (\"Vermont has the second lowest gubernatorial spen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "548 U.S. 230", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_548/0230_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3285370036b01c6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 21766, "end": 21780, "quote": "2006 WL 560656", "context": "g\"); Transcript of Oral Argument at 31-32, Randall , 548 U.S. 230 (Nos. 04-1528, 04-1530, 04-1697), 2006 WL 560656 (\"Vermont has the second lowest gubernatorial spending in the country. In the record it shows that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2006 WL 560656", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b457f15c3d20e052", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 22056, "end": 22069, "quote": "697 F.3d 1200", "context": "three 30-second TV ads in prime time on tier[-]one cable for $45.\").\nSee , e.g. , Lair v. Bullock , 697 F.3d 1200, 1213 (9th Cir. 2012) (\"Montana remains one of the least expensive states in the nation in which to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "697 F.3d 1200", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_697/1200_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "36c69daa84c30f3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 22520, "end": 22532, "quote": "290 F.3d 813", "context": "rtising on radio and television.\") (brackets and quotation marks omitted); Frank v. City of Akron , 290 F.3d 813, 818 (6th Cir. 2002) (\"many means of contacting voters ... are relatively inexpensive in a town the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "290 F.3d 813", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_290/0813_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e46040cf0967241", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 22709, "end": 22721, "quote": "205 F.3d 445", "context": "expensive in a town the size of Akron\"); Daggett v. Comm'n on Gov'tal Ethics & Election Practices , 205 F.3d 445, 459 & n.13 (1st Cir. 2000) (\"[C]ampaigns [in Maine] are inexpensive compared to most other states.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "205 F.3d 445", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_205/0445_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa1cc1fb57300230", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 22992, "end": 23010, "quote": "217 F.Supp.3d 1023", "context": " a high of $430,994 in California to a low of $4,449 in Maine.\"); see also Thompson v. Dauphinais , 217 F.Supp.3d 1023, 1033 (D. Alaska 2016) (\"[I]n a state like Alaska ... the cost of campaigns for state or municipal ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "217 F. Supp. 3d 1023", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp-3d/volume_217/1023_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e6a9b9a0e4c0c3e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 23196, "end": 23212, "quote": "989 F.Supp. 1282", "context": " or municipal office are relatively low.\"); Cal. Prolife Council Political Action Comm. v. Scully , 989 F.Supp. 1282, 1298 (E.D. Cal. 1998) (\"The facts pertinent to each jurisdiction, such as the size of the district", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "989 F. Supp. 1282", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_989/1282_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6bfdd39b4d7c237b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 23898, "end": 23911, "quote": "164 F.3d 1189", "context": "verage of legislative campaigns, the cost of overhead, all limit efforts to reduce cost.\"), aff'd , 164 F.3d 1189 (9th Cir. 1999) ; People for Pearce v. Oliver , No. 17-cv-752 JCH/SMV, 2017 WL 5891763, at *14 (D.N", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "164 F.3d 1189", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_164/1189_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2ccd5182d920a646", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/f3d/volume_888/0163_01/index.html", "start": 23983, "end": 23998, "quote": "2017 WL 5891763", "context": "st.\"), aff'd , 164 F.3d 1189 (9th Cir. 1999) ; People for Pearce v. Oliver , No. 17-cv-752 JCH/SMV, 2017 WL 5891763, at *14 (D.N.M. Nov. 28, 2017) (\"Plaintiffs also established the high cost associated with gubernat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2017 WL 5891763", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ecdbb018881eca02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 4387, "end": 4396, "quote": "Section 9", "context": "to the Volusia County Pair Association was without authority of law, in that it was in violation of Section 9, Article X, of the Constitution of Florida, which provides that,\n\"The Legislature shall not authori", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eef9fa2842e847af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 5916, "end": 5926, "quote": "Section 25", "context": "ers, designated as such, in violation of the requirements of the Constitution, and that it violates Section 25 of Article III, of the Constitution, which requires that the legislature shall provide by general l", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f05e52a70e62ba3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 6889, "end": 6896, "quote": "the Act", "context": "oard of County Commissioners to levy a tax to raise funds sufficient to carry out the provisions of the Act, (b) it' requires the Board of Trustees, in effect, County Officers, to be freeholders to be electe", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4eda528635d59c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 7163, "end": 7173, "quote": "Section 27", "context": "ignates the said officers, until an election provided for therein, in violation of the provision of Section 27, Article III, which provides for an election of officers by the people or appointed by the Governor", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac43d7222bba172a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 9521, "end": 9528, "quote": "the Act", "context": "r any services rendered, or to be rendered, in or about the performance of the duties prescribed by the Act creating the said Board of Trustees of Yolusia County Fair, (2) restraining the said defendants fro", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "457c64cce903a38d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 13466, "end": 13476, "quote": "Section 25", "context": "han a subordinate public agency, established in aid of a public purpose, and that the provisions of Section 25, Art. 3, of the Constitution do not apply to such Board, and that Senate Bill No. 911 does not cont", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0728892cd2695c8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 13845, "end": 13855, "quote": "Section 27", "context": "ounty Fair shall be freeholders does not curtail the Governor’s power of selection so as to violate Section 27 of Article III of the Constitution, or any Constitutional provision relating thereto, (11) that Sen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b47356901baf11a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 14228, "end": 14235, "quote": "the Act", "context": "hall appoint such trustees and that the Governor has appointed the same individuals as are named in the Act, to be such Trustees, and they have been duly commissioned, (12) that the term of office of the sai", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5638b3e3536d7ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 14714, "end": 14721, "quote": "the Act", "context": "nd if they were, the provision authorizing the issuance of same, is separable from the remainder of the Act and may be eliminated without affecting the primary purpose of the Act, (15) that the legislature w", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "67c8ab69b679737e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 14785, "end": 14792, "quote": "the Act", "context": "arable from the remainder of the Act and may be eliminated without affecting the primary purpose of the Act, (15) that the legislature was competent to provide that the provisions of Section 1486, Eevised Ge", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9eac713feb36d951", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 14868, "end": 14880, "quote": "Section 1486", "context": "imary purpose of the Act, (15) that the legislature was competent to provide that the provisions of Section 1486, Eevised Gen. Statutes of Florida, Section 2191, Compiled General Laws of Florida, 1927, .shall not", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3afcc34f6de2cab9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 14916, "end": 14928, "quote": "Section 2191", "context": "ure was competent to provide that the provisions of Section 1486, Eevised Gen. Statutes of Florida, Section 2191, Compiled General Laws of Florida, 1927, .shall not apply to the Board of Trustees of the Volusia C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6b4bdcce1b636dc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 15196, "end": 15203, "quote": "the Act", "context": "any purchases or obligations thereof, and if held otherwise, such provision may be eliminated -from the Act without affecting the purpose of the Act, and (16) that the bill is without equity.\nThe application", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9aecbbd37ff4f745", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 15237, "end": 15244, "quote": "the Act", "context": " if held otherwise, such provision may be eliminated -from the Act without affecting the purpose of the Act, and (16) that the bill is without equity.\nThe application for a temporary injunction was denied by", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b798d027085813d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 20802, "end": 20813, "quote": "50 Fla. 609", "context": " public, if affected thereby, should be considered. Suwanee & S. P. R. Co., vs. West Coast Ry. Co., 50 Fla. 609, 612, 39 So. 538; McMullen vs. Pinellas County, 90 Fla. 398, 106 So. 73.\nEquity Rule 46 provides th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 Fla. 609", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_50/0609_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f04950b65584016", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 20820, "end": 20830, "quote": "39 So. 538", "context": "ed thereby, should be considered. Suwanee & S. P. R. Co., vs. West Coast Ry. Co., 50 Fla. 609, 612, 39 So. 538; McMullen vs. Pinellas County, 90 Fla. 398, 106 So. 73.\nEquity Rule 46 provides that in all cases o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 So. 538", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f94813351228033", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 20862, "end": 20873, "quote": "90 Fla. 398", "context": "& S. P. R. Co., vs. West Coast Ry. Co., 50 Fla. 609, 612, 39 So. 538; McMullen vs. Pinellas County, 90 Fla. 398, 106 So. 73.\nEquity Rule 46 provides that in all cases of applications for injunctions, the judge t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 Fla. 398", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_90/0398_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "96d38360abe96be4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 20875, "end": 20885, "quote": "106 So. 73", "context": "., vs. West Coast Ry. Co., 50 Fla. 609, 612, 39 So. 538; McMullen vs. Pinellas County, 90 Fla. 398, 106 So. 73.\nEquity Rule 46 provides that in all cases of applications for injunctions, the judge to whom prese", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 So. 73", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cbf9cc0f639e2926", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 22097, "end": 22108, "quote": "51 Fla. 441", "context": "he giving of notice of the application will, or is likely to, have such result.” Godwin vs. Phifer, 51 Fla. 441, 41 So. 597, and other cases cited therein.\nThe allegations in a bill for an injunction must be cle", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 Fla. 441", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_51/0441_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4e2895b002b9eb60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 22110, "end": 22120, "quote": "41 So. 597", "context": "notice of the application will, or is likely to, have such result.” Godwin vs. Phifer, 51 Fla. 441, 41 So. 597, and other cases cited therein.\nThe allegations in a bill for an injunction must be clear, direct a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "41 So. 597", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cb696192b7de43c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 23817, "end": 23829, "quote": "214 Fed. 465", "context": "l generally do so by way of comity.” 32 C. J. 366; Louisville & N. R. Co. vs. Ky. R. R. Commission, 214 Fed. 465.\nWhile a second application for an injunction, when based upon the same evidence or upon evidence w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "214 F. 465", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c5f2fb9d7359ccd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 24216, "end": 24222, "quote": "supra,", "context": "in granting a second application if a clear case is presented. i j\nIn McMullen vs. Pinellas County, supra, we held that “to the granting of every temporary injunction, two essential conditions must prevail.", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eaf8450b83dee51b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 24777, "end": 24787, "quote": "9 Fla. 340", "context": "the chancellor may consider the merits of the bill. City of Apalachicola vs. Apalachicola Land Co., 9 Fla. 340, 70 A. D. 284; McKinney vs. County Commissioners Bradford County, 26 Fla. 267, 4 So. 855, McMullen ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 Fla. 340", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_9/0340_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f2b66e35e7dc353", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 24854, "end": 24865, "quote": "26 Fla. 267", "context": "Apalachicola Land Co., 9 Fla. 340, 70 A. D. 284; McKinney vs. County Commissioners Bradford County, 26 Fla. 267, 4 So. 855, McMullen vs. Pinellas County, supra.\nThat a citizen and taxpayer may enjoin an unauthor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 Fla. 267", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_26/0267_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "25041ab65de5a34b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 24867, "end": 24876, "quote": "4 So. 855", "context": "Land Co., 9 Fla. 340, 70 A. D. 284; McKinney vs. County Commissioners Bradford County, 26 Fla. 267, 4 So. 855, McMullen vs. Pinellas County, supra.\nThat a citizen and taxpayer may enjoin an unauthorized expend", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 So. 855", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5bc6dc3c77078a5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 24908, "end": 24914, "quote": "supra.", "context": "ney vs. County Commissioners Bradford County, 26 Fla. 267, 4 So. 855, McMullen vs. Pinellas County, supra.\nThat a citizen and taxpayer may enjoin an unauthorized expenditure of public money, is well establi", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3a83bfc5c23be2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 25044, "end": 25055, "quote": "73 Fla. 152", "context": "ay enjoin an unauthorized expenditure of public money, is well established. Rickman vs. Whitehurst, 73 Fla. 152, 74 So. 205, Whitner vs. Woodruff, 68 Fla. 465, 67 So. 110; Anderson vs. Fuller, 51 Fla. 380, 41 So", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 Fla. 152", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_73/0152_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ea01d008536684bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 25057, "end": 25067, "quote": "74 So. 205", "context": "unauthorized expenditure of public money, is well established. Rickman vs. Whitehurst, 73 Fla. 152, 74 So. 205, Whitner vs. Woodruff, 68 Fla. 465, 67 So. 110; Anderson vs. Fuller, 51 Fla. 380, 41 So. 684, 6 L. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 So. 205", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed19f071f52c6014", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 25091, "end": 25102, "quote": "68 Fla. 465", "context": " money, is well established. Rickman vs. Whitehurst, 73 Fla. 152, 74 So. 205, Whitner vs. Woodruff, 68 Fla. 465, 67 So. 110; Anderson vs. Fuller, 51 Fla. 380, 41 So. 684, 6 L. R. A. (NS) 1026, 120 A. S. R. 170, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 Fla. 465", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0465_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "176f2a21eaf7a93b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 25104, "end": 25114, "quote": "67 So. 110", "context": "ll established. Rickman vs. Whitehurst, 73 Fla. 152, 74 So. 205, Whitner vs. Woodruff, 68 Fla. 465, 67 So. 110; Anderson vs. Fuller, 51 Fla. 380, 41 So. 684, 6 L. R. A. (NS) 1026, 120 A. S. R. 170, Lassiter & C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 So. 110", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e733a113b7358ad7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 25137, "end": 25148, "quote": "51 Fla. 380", "context": "hurst, 73 Fla. 152, 74 So. 205, Whitner vs. Woodruff, 68 Fla. 465, 67 So. 110; Anderson vs. Fuller, 51 Fla. 380, 41 So. 684, 6 L. R. A. (NS) 1026, 120 A. S. R. 170, Lassiter & Co. vs. Taylor, 99 Fla. 819, 128 So", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 Fla. 380", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_51/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c85833a40c9fa971", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 25150, "end": 25160, "quote": "41 So. 684", "context": ". 152, 74 So. 205, Whitner vs. Woodruff, 68 Fla. 465, 67 So. 110; Anderson vs. Fuller, 51 Fla. 380, 41 So. 684, 6 L. R. A. (NS) 1026, 120 A. S. R. 170, Lassiter & Co. vs. Taylor, 99 Fla. 819, 128 So. 14.\nLikewi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "41 So. 684", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91cf0d7d480b0d06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 25229, "end": 25240, "quote": "99 Fla. 819", "context": "Fuller, 51 Fla. 380, 41 So. 684, 6 L. R. A. (NS) 1026, 120 A. S. R. 170, Lassiter & Co. vs. Taylor, 99 Fla. 819, 128 So. 14.\nLikewise, equity has jurisdiction to enjoin the assessment and collection of an illega", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 Fla. 819", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_99/0819_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "32a634886499f1b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 25242, "end": 25252, "quote": "128 So. 14", "context": "a. 380, 41 So. 684, 6 L. R. A. (NS) 1026, 120 A. S. R. 170, Lassiter & Co. vs. Taylor, 99 Fla. 819, 128 So. 14.\nLikewise, equity has jurisdiction to enjoin the assessment and collection of an illegal tax levied", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "128 So. 14", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c2c25a69dab45d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 25480, "end": 25491, "quote": "42 Fla. 116", "context": " assessed and collected, will cast a cloud over the title of such real estate. Pickett vs. Russell, 42 Fla. 116, 634, 28 So. 764.\nWe are, therefore, confronted with the inquiry; Are the facts alleged, either in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 Fla. 116", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_42/0116_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0051e5315cd52470", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 25498, "end": 25508, "quote": "28 So. 764", "context": "ected, will cast a cloud over the title of such real estate. Pickett vs. Russell, 42 Fla. 116, 634, 28 So. 764.\nWe are, therefore, confronted with the inquiry; Are the facts alleged, either in the original bill", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 So. 764", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c99ea46d5d80cda", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 26042, "end": 26053, "quote": "13 Fla. 687", "context": "fy the legislature in authorizing a county to resort to taxation to defray it (Opinion of Justices, 13 Fla. 687; Board of County Commissioners Escambia County vs. Board of Pilot Commissioners, 52 Fla. 197, 42 So", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 Fla. 687", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_13/0687_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c391e0175acacad3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 26135, "end": 26146, "quote": "52 Fla. 197", "context": "tices, 13 Fla. 687; Board of County Commissioners Escambia County vs. Board of Pilot Commissioners, 52 Fla. 197, 42 So. 697). There is no general rule for determining what is a county purpose (Commissioners of D", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 Fla. 197", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_52/0197_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "953bc7a6e92271b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 26148, "end": 26158, "quote": "42 So. 697", "context": ". 687; Board of County Commissioners Escambia County vs. Board of Pilot Commissioners, 52 Fla. 197, 42 So. 697). There is no general rule for determining what is a county purpose (Commissioners of Duval County ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 So. 697", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7eb8c3af3eaef850", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 26276, "end": 26287, "quote": "36 Fla. 196", "context": "eral rule for determining what is a county purpose (Commissioners of Duval County vs. Jacksonville, 36 Fla. 196, 18 So. 339). In Jordan vs. Duval County, 68 Fla. 48, 66 So. 298, we said:\n“While the Constitution ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 Fla. 196", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_36/0196_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0d7a1cc5005af0e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 26289, "end": 26299, "quote": "18 So. 339", "context": " determining what is a county purpose (Commissioners of Duval County vs. Jacksonville, 36 Fla. 196, 18 So. 339). In Jordan vs. Duval County, 68 Fla. 48, 66 So. 298, we said:\n“While the Constitution provides tha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 So. 339", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d9bb3c0478a69af6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 26330, "end": 26340, "quote": "68 Fla. 48", "context": "mmissioners of Duval County vs. Jacksonville, 36 Fla. 196, 18 So. 339). In Jordan vs. Duval County, 68 Fla. 48, 66 So. 298, we said:\n“While the Constitution provides that ‘the Legislature shall authorize the se", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 Fla. 48", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0048_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b2a31c67e84d401c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 26342, "end": 26352, "quote": "66 So. 298", "context": "of Duval County vs. Jacksonville, 36 Fla. 196, 18 So. 339). In Jordan vs. Duval County, 68 Fla. 48, 66 So. 298, we said:\n“While the Constitution provides that ‘the Legislature shall authorize the several counti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 So. 298", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7672959e06cab22f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 27281, "end": 27292, "quote": "67 Fla. 181", "context": "te will be declared to be ineffectual for the purpose designed.”\nSee also, Jacksonville vs. Bowden, 67 Fla. 181, 64 So. 769; Anderson vs. Ocala, 67 Fla. 204, 64 So. 775.\n“A statute cannot' be judicially declared", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 Fla. 181", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_67/0181_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "31fcd405004e8fc8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 27294, "end": 27304, "quote": "64 So. 769", "context": "clared to be ineffectual for the purpose designed.”\nSee also, Jacksonville vs. Bowden, 67 Fla. 181, 64 So. 769; Anderson vs. Ocala, 67 Fla. 204, 64 So. 775.\n“A statute cannot' be judicially declared beyond the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 So. 769", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c029b9ad04be1097", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 27326, "end": 27337, "quote": "67 Fla. 204", "context": " purpose designed.”\nSee also, Jacksonville vs. Bowden, 67 Fla. 181, 64 So. 769; Anderson vs. Ocala, 67 Fla. 204, 64 So. 775.\n“A statute cannot' be judicially declared beyond the power of the Legislature to enact", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 Fla. 204", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_67/0204_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1245364daed279ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 27339, "end": 27349, "quote": "64 So. 775", "context": "gned.”\nSee also, Jacksonville vs. Bowden, 67 Fla. 181, 64 So. 769; Anderson vs. Ocala, 67 Fla. 204, 64 So. 775.\n“A statute cannot' be judicially declared beyond the power of the Legislature to enact, unless som", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 So. 775", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e2959f78780493d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 27551, "end": 27561, "quote": "80 Fla. 98", "context": "provision of the Constitution which is in conflict with it, can be, pointed out.” Neisel vs. Moran, 80 Fla. 98, 85 So. 346.\nComplainant insists that both Senate Bill No. 910 and Senate Bill No. 911 violate Sect", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 Fla. 98", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_80/0098_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7233c55c7229807b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 27563, "end": 27573, "quote": "85 So. 346", "context": " the Constitution which is in conflict with it, can be, pointed out.” Neisel vs. Moran, 80 Fla. 98, 85 So. 346.\nComplainant insists that both Senate Bill No. 910 and Senate Bill No. 911 violate Section 10 of Ar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 So. 346", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2df9461379979581", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 27657, "end": 27667, "quote": "Section 10", "context": ". 98, 85 So. 346.\nComplainant insists that both Senate Bill No. 910 and Senate Bill No. 911 violate Section 10 of Article 9 of our Constitution, which provides that ‘ ‘ the Legislature shall not authorize any c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f9e860f3c01819e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 28374, "end": 28385, "quote": "92 Fla. 432", "context": "artered company, but for the benefit of the people; that this court' held in Earle vs. Dade County, 92 Fla. 432, 109 So. 331, that taxation for a fair and agricultural exhibition is for a valid county purpose, a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 Fla. 432", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_92/0432_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "132e1d322ac79d77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 28387, "end": 28398, "quote": "109 So. 331", "context": "ny, but for the benefit of the people; that this court' held in Earle vs. Dade County, 92 Fla. 432, 109 So. 331, that taxation for a fair and agricultural exhibition is for a valid county purpose, and that being", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 So. 331", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d11e765c222752f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 28931, "end": 28942, "quote": "92 Fla. 432", "context": "d in whether or not it is denounced by some provision of the organic law.\nIn Earle vs. Dade County, 92 Fla. 432, 109 So. 331, we upheld a decision of the lower court, validating bonds of the County of Dade, the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 Fla. 432", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_92/0432_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f0ac53e4144128f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 28944, "end": 28955, "quote": "109 So. 331", "context": "or not it is denounced by some provision of the organic law.\nIn Earle vs. Dade County, 92 Fla. 432, 109 So. 331, we upheld a decision of the lower court, validating bonds of the County of Dade, the issuance of w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 So. 331", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e40f1c3d18043c96", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 30492, "end": 30501, "quote": "Section 5", "context": " its appropriate law making functions, may determine what is a county purpose within the meaning of Section 5, Art. 9, of the Constitution, and the courts are not authorized to render such legislation ineffect", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f12702edf0d53db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 31947, "end": 31956, "quote": "section 5", "context": "ution provides that the powers and duties of cotmty commissioners are prescribed by law (article 8, section 5, Constitution of Florida), this particular mandate o£ the Constitution is not violated by the provi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "904fe3153774f89c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 32560, "end": 32571, "quote": "70 Fla. 154", "context": "rovided. County Commissioners have only such authority as is conferred by statute (Baden v. Ricker, 70 Fla. 154, 69 So. 694; Stephens vs. Fulch, 73 Fla. 708, 74 So. 805), and administrative duties pertaining to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 Fla. 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_70/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "62575790b437f434", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 32573, "end": 32583, "quote": "69 So. 694", "context": "ty Commissioners have only such authority as is conferred by statute (Baden v. Ricker, 70 Fla. 154, 69 So. 694; Stephens vs. Fulch, 73 Fla. 708, 74 So. 805), and administrative duties pertaining to the affairs ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 So. 694", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe03394277a1657e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 32605, "end": 32616, "quote": "73 Fla. 708", "context": "authority as is conferred by statute (Baden v. Ricker, 70 Fla. 154, 69 So. 694; Stephens vs. Fulch, 73 Fla. 708, 74 So. 805), and administrative duties pertaining to the affairs of a County may be conferred by l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 Fla. 708", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_73/0708_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "231602915f5ee7dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 32618, "end": 32628, "quote": "74 So. 805", "context": "is conferred by statute (Baden v. Ricker, 70 Fla. 154, 69 So. 694; Stephens vs. Fulch, 73 Fla. 708, 74 So. 805), and administrative duties pertaining to the affairs of a County may be conferred by law upon offi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 So. 805", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e4de2bba10e54e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 32803, "end": 32810, "quote": "supra).", "context": "onferred by law upon officers other than the County Commissioners (State ex rel. Buford vs. Daniel, supra).\nThe power of the Legislature to pass laws creating Gounty Officers, other than those provided for i", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa12c1dbcaef4947", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 33018, "end": 33029, "quote": "50 Fla. 293", "context": "nstitution, is “absolute unless restrained by some constitutional provision.” (State ex rel. Bryan, 50 Fla. 293, 376, 39 So. 929).\n“All persons by authority of law intrusted with the receipt of public money, or ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 Fla. 293", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_50/0293_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3a58a3f921b70db5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 33036, "end": 33046, "quote": "39 So. 929", "context": "solute unless restrained by some constitutional provision.” (State ex rel. Bryan, 50 Fla. 293, 376, 39 So. 929).\n“All persons by authority of law intrusted with the receipt of public money, or through whose han", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 So. 929", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8deda01374458491", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 33290, "end": 33300, "quote": "Section 27", "context": "‘public officers’, whether the service be general or special, transient or permanent.” xxxxxxxxxx.\n“Section 27, article 3 of the State Constitution means that when not otherwise provided in the Constitution the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6eb429d45867efae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 33652, "end": 33661, "quote": "Section 7", "context": "inted by the Governor, and that the duties and compensation of such officers shall be fixed by law. Section 7, article 8, requires that such county officers shall be commissioned by the Governor, and that befo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbe50bec77afd591", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 33901, "end": 33911, "quote": "Section 14", "context": "th the secretary of state a bond to be approved by the county commissioners and by the comptroller, Section 14, article 4, provides that all commissions shall be in the name and under the authority of the state", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4cba4efb3ad57d6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 34133, "end": 34142, "quote": "Section 2", "context": "th the great seal of the state, signed by the Governor and countersigned by the secretary of state. Section 2, article 16, requires every officer to take the prescribed oath. Section 7, article 16, provides th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cf523922eaa2b5d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 34208, "end": 34217, "quote": "Section 7", "context": " the secretary of state. Section 2, article 16, requires every officer to take the prescribed oath. Section 7, article 16, provides that the Legislature shall not create any office, the term of which shall be ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd0e18a6b0725678", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 34365, "end": 34376, "quote": "95 Fla. 465", "context": "l not create any office, the term of which shall be longer than four years.” Dade County vs. State, 95 Fla. 465, 116 So. 72, 76.\nWe are impelled to the conclusion that the lower court committed no error in grant", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 Fla. 465", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_95/0465_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "009a391580a99413", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 34378, "end": 34388, "quote": "116 So. 72", "context": "any office, the term of which shall be longer than four years.” Dade County vs. State, 95 Fla. 465, 116 So. 72, 76.\nWe are impelled to the conclusion that the lower court committed no error in granting the orde", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 So. 72", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88a52a987ae8e805", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 36708, "end": 36719, "quote": "77 Fla. 116", "context": "llate court jurisdiction of the cause and also of the appellants and appellee. Stovall vs. Stovall, 77 Fla. 116, 80 So. 744.\nThe defendant's, who voluntarily appealed, had the right to join their co-defendants, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 Fla. 116", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_77/0116_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c065e3b71be608ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 36721, "end": 36731, "quote": "80 So. 744", "context": "urisdiction of the cause and also of the appellants and appellee. Stovall vs. Stovall, 77 Fla. 116, 80 So. 744.\nThe defendant's, who voluntarily appealed, had the right to join their co-defendants, who were als", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 So. 744", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e75a6a17ba42ab5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 36913, "end": 36924, "quote": "129 So. 501", "context": "ants, who were also affected by the order, as parties appellant. (Rabinowitz vs. Houk,.... Fla...., 129 So. 501, Hay vs. Isletts, 98 Fla. 1026, 125 So. 237; Guaranty T. & T. Co. vs. Thompson, 89 Fla. 35, 103 So.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 So. 501", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9461128eee79afc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 36943, "end": 36955, "quote": "98 Fla. 1026", "context": "y the order, as parties appellant. (Rabinowitz vs. Houk,.... Fla...., 129 So. 501, Hay vs. Isletts, 98 Fla. 1026, 125 So. 237; Guaranty T. & T. Co. vs. Thompson, 89 Fla. 35, 103 So. 110.)\nIt is a general rule tha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 Fla. 1026", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_98/1026_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "915cf83d0483ff74", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 36957, "end": 36968, "quote": "125 So. 237", "context": "s parties appellant. (Rabinowitz vs. Houk,.... Fla...., 129 So. 501, Hay vs. Isletts, 98 Fla. 1026, 125 So. 237; Guaranty T. & T. Co. vs. Thompson, 89 Fla. 35, 103 So. 110.)\nIt is a general rule that when an app", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "125 So. 237", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8920297dd98022bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 37005, "end": 37015, "quote": "89 Fla. 35", "context": "la...., 129 So. 501, Hay vs. Isletts, 98 Fla. 1026, 125 So. 237; Guaranty T. & T. Co. vs. Thompson, 89 Fla. 35, 103 So. 110.)\nIt is a general rule that when an appeal is perfected, the cause becomes one for the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 Fla. 35", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_89/0035_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "14167b215d5ba205", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 37017, "end": 37028, "quote": "103 So. 110", "context": "So. 501, Hay vs. Isletts, 98 Fla. 1026, 125 So. 237; Guaranty T. & T. Co. vs. Thompson, 89 Fla. 35, 103 So. 110.)\nIt is a general rule that when an appeal is perfected, the cause becomes one for the cognizance o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 So. 110", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5eb186f8567a40ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 37421, "end": 37432, "quote": "15 Fla. 549", "context": "ppeal is heard and determined. 3 C. J. 1252, 1255; 2 Ene. P. & Pr. 332. See also Holland vs. State, 15 Fla. 549.\nFurthermore, where the defendants are so connected that the rights of one cannot be determined wit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 Fla. 549", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_15/0549_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "952cded752226bb2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 37891, "end": 37902, "quote": "89 Fla. 446", "context": "urt attaches, it is exclusive as to subject covered by appeal.” Wiley v. W. J. Hoggson Corporation, 89 Fla. 446, 105 So. 126.\nBy applying the rule just .stated to this case, the lower court was without authority", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 Fla. 446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_89/0446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "faceb4c791d03116", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 37904, "end": 37915, "quote": "105 So. 126", "context": " it is exclusive as to subject covered by appeal.” Wiley v. W. J. Hoggson Corporation, 89 Fla. 446, 105 So. 126.\nBy applying the rule just .stated to this case, the lower court was without authority to make the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 So. 126", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "289a928a5cde9d8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 38285, "end": 38291, "quote": "supra.", "context": "he acquisition of or to preservation of appellate jurisdiction. Wiley v. W. J. Hoggson Corporation, supra.\nPer Curiam.\nA majority of this Court are of the opinion that so many vital and controlling provisio", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4139596278eff340", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 41633, "end": 41651, "quote": "Sections 6516-6526", "context": "stion of enjoining payments of moneys by the County Commissioners of Volusia County, Florida, under Sections 6516-6526 C. G. L., 4517-4527 B. G. S., Acts of 1927, is not passed on, because neither the validity, constru", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b4ef4ab29edbe14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 42044, "end": 42056, "quote": "section 6526", "context": "C.J., and Whitfield, Ellis, Terrell, Brown and Davis, J.J., concur.\nWhitfield, J.\nEven though under section 6526 (4527) C. G. L. the county commissioners may have duly made an appropriation from county funds to t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c18b0afd31b2b92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 43236, "end": 43246, "quote": "sections 7", "context": "e constitution. It is alleged that the appropriation is not made for a public purpose but- violates sections 7 and 10, Article IX, Constitution. If it be assumed that the act may be shown to be valid by referen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "142395dd4072dfd5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 43417, "end": 43427, "quote": "section 25", "context": " shown to be valid by reference to the statute designated as Senate Bill No. 911, that act violates section 25, Article III, constitution, in that though it may have reference to a county purpose, Earle v. Dade", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60fd155357f712dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 43533, "end": 43544, "quote": "92 Fla. 432", "context": "cle III, constitution, in that though it may have reference to a county purpose, Earle v. Dade Co., 92 Fla. 432, 109 So. 331, yet it is a special law, not creating an agency for governmental purposes, but incorp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 Fla. 432", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_92/0432_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c4070fad3b0e3d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 43546, "end": 43557, "quote": "109 So. 331", "context": "titution, in that though it may have reference to a county purpose, Earle v. Dade Co., 92 Fla. 432, 109 So. 331, yet it is a special law, not creating an agency for governmental purposes, but incorporating a “us", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 So. 331", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c7a7539782aab6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 44256, "end": 44267, "quote": "87 Fla. 270", "context": "rustees created by the special act an agency for governmental purposes. In State ex rel. v. Daniel, 87 Fla. 270, 99 So. 804, the act was a general law and created an agency for governmental purposes. It is not n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 Fla. 270", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_87/0270_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f4b6f06ab3e72b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 44269, "end": 44279, "quote": "99 So. 804", "context": "ed by the special act an agency for governmental purposes. In State ex rel. v. Daniel, 87 Fla. 270, 99 So. 804, the act was a general law and created an agency for governmental purposes. It is not necessary to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 So. 804", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b38b5622bf67911f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 44396, "end": 44406, "quote": "section 20", "context": "eneral law and created an agency for governmental purposes. It is not necessary to consider whether section 20, Article III, or sections 7 and 10, Article IX, constitution, are also violated.\nBuford, C.J., and ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ce3f15bfd02cfc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 44424, "end": 44434, "quote": "sections 7", "context": "ency for governmental purposes. It is not necessary to consider whether section 20, Article III, or sections 7 and 10, Article IX, constitution, are also violated.\nBuford, C.J., and Ellis, Terrell, Brown and Da", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f5a7738b17e5880f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 45852, "end": 45861, "quote": "99 Fla. 1", "context": "hereon reviewed, by this court, speaking through MR. JUSTICE STRUM, in the ease of Amos v. Mathews, 99 Fla. 1, 126 So. 308. A few extracts from the opinion in that case read as follows:\n“But the existence of l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 Fla. 1", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_99/0001_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "99ffd34e985de1d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 45863, "end": 45874, "quote": "126 So. 308", "context": "ewed, by this court, speaking through MR. JUSTICE STRUM, in the ease of Amos v. Mathews, 99 Fla. 1, 126 So. 308. A few extracts from the opinion in that case read as follows:\n“But the existence of local county o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 So. 308", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "087d465b7db24ed0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 48389, "end": 48399, "quote": "Sections 2", "context": "n, must be conceded in order t'o sustain the validity of county ^ ^ J ^ ^ ^ ^\n“When the language of Sections 2 and 5 of Art. IX is contrasted, however, and is considered in the light of our institutions of gove", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b48f32f6fc966ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 48605, "end": 48611, "quote": "supra,", "context": " and in the light of the construction placed upon what is now Sec. 2 of Art. IX in Cheney v. Jones, supra, it is our judgment that the framers of the Constitution intended to and did withhold from the legis", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ae2e06e02acc375", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 49275, "end": 49286, "quote": "116 So. 771", "context": "al government. See Cooley, Taxation (4th ed.), See. 416; et seq; Jackson Lbr. Co. v. Walton County, 116 So. 771; People v. Mayor, etc., 51 Ill. 17; Pope v. Phifer, 3 Heisk. (Tenn.) 682, 700; Morgan v. Schussells", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 So. 771", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7656635d953c221c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 49311, "end": 49321, "quote": "51 Ill. 17", "context": "(4th ed.), See. 416; et seq; Jackson Lbr. Co. v. Walton County, 116 So. 771; People v. Mayor, etc., 51 Ill. 17; Pope v. Phifer, 3 Heisk. (Tenn.) 682, 700; Morgan v. Schussells, 81 N. E. 814; People v. Common Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 Ill. 17", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_51/0017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6973a55b896d6ce6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 49388, "end": 49400, "quote": "81 N. E. 814", "context": "People v. Mayor, etc., 51 Ill. 17; Pope v. Phifer, 3 Heisk. (Tenn.) 682, 700; Morgan v. Schussells, 81 N. E. 814; People v. Common Council of Detroit, 28 Mich. 366; People v. Village of Pelham, 109 N. E. 513; Sta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 N.E. 814", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5be0896c5ca41186", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 49439, "end": 49451, "quote": "28 Mich. 366", "context": "3 Heisk. (Tenn.) 682, 700; Morgan v. Schussells, 81 N. E. 814; People v. Common Council of Detroit, 28 Mich. 366; People v. Village of Pelham, 109 N. E. 513; State v. Omaha, 200 N. W. 871; 46 A. L. R. 602, 610; C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 Mich. 366", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c79c62ca6e2a69c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 49482, "end": 49495, "quote": "109 N. E. 513", "context": "ells, 81 N. E. 814; People v. Common Council of Detroit, 28 Mich. 366; People v. Village of Pelham, 109 N. E. 513; State v. Omaha, 200 N. W. 871; 46 A. L. R. 602, 610; Cooley Const. Lim. (7th ed.) p. 337.”\nIt may ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 N.E. 513", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4cf11e9874d8513", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 49513, "end": 49526, "quote": "200 N. W. 871", "context": "ommon Council of Detroit, 28 Mich. 366; People v. Village of Pelham, 109 N. E. 513; State v. Omaha, 200 N. W. 871; 46 A. L. R. 602, 610; Cooley Const. Lim. (7th ed.) p. 337.”\nIt may be as contended by Commissioner", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "200 N.W. 871", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c923db3b96c71cbb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 50082, "end": 50094, "quote": "section 6526", "context": "thorize, and not require, a county to do.\nI am also inclined to agree with Justice DAVIS that under section 6526 C. G. L. the County Commissioners were authorized to appropriate $6,000.00 to the Volusia County Pa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "435621601fbfaba4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 52238, "end": 52250, "quote": "Section 6526", "context": "g October 1, 1930, and ending September 30, 1931.\nSuch appropriation was specifically authorized by Section 6526 C. G. L., 4527 R. G. S., which provides that “Board of County Commissioners of the various counties", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49336f414ac1ac2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 53906, "end": 53919, "quote": "Sections 6516", "context": "riation” to the Volusia County Fair Association, Inc., seems to be that Chapter 7388, Acts of 1917 (Sections 6516 to 6528, C. G-. L.), is unconstitutional,—particularly as to Section 6526 C. G. L., 4527 R. G. S., ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "964838bd61047c47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 53981, "end": 53993, "quote": "Section 6526", "context": "pter 7388, Acts of 1917 (Sections 6516 to 6528, C. G-. L.), is unconstitutional,—particularly as to Section 6526 C. G. L., 4527 R. G. S., which authorizes county commissioners to appropriate moneys of the county ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a06051462a1621b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 54345, "end": 54357, "quote": "Section 6526", "context": "rded through these fairs.\nI am unable to see where we can declare such purposes as those set out in Section 6526 C. G. L., supra, not proper county purposes in view of -the Legislature’s specific declaration that", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d866a8dc836ba4db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 54368, "end": 54374, "quote": "supra,", "context": "s.\nI am unable to see where we can declare such purposes as those set out in Section 6526 C. G. L., supra, not proper county purposes in view of -the Legislature’s specific declaration that they are a valid", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb413b9f7f283827", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 54664, "end": 54675, "quote": "92 Fla. 432", "context": "s any doubt on this score it has been removed by the holding of this court in Earle v. Dade County, 92 Fla. 432, 109 Sou. Rep. 331, where the court said that the use of taxation by a county to develop and advert", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 Fla. 432", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_92/0432_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "16f6c40e2bb7be41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/fla/volume_103/0990_01/index.html", "start": 54677, "end": 54694, "quote": "109 Sou. Rep. 331", "context": "n this score it has been removed by the holding of this court in Earle v. Dade County, 92 Fla. 432, 109 Sou. Rep. 331, where the court said that the use of taxation by a county to develop and advertise the agricultura", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 So. 331", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45d48d5311f4c7b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 1635, "end": 1646, "quote": "407 Ill. 25", "context": "ce of supervisor of assessments was found to be unconstitutional and void in Giebelhausen v. Daley, 407 Ill. 25. (Opinion filed September 21, 1950 — ■ Rehearing denied November 17, 1950.) Appellant argues that a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "407 Ill. 25", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_407/0025_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fc2d8ebc00f0d001", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 3355, "end": 3367, "quote": "200 Ill. 202", "context": " were based upon a statute subsequently found to be unconstitutional. (See: Yates v. Royal Ins. Co. 200 Ill. 202; Walser v. Board of Education, 160 Ill. 272; Otis v. People ex rel. Raymond, 196 Ill. 542; Board of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "200 Ill. 202", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_200/0202_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c42aaaf1c5977eea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 3399, "end": 3411, "quote": "160 Ill. 272", "context": "d to be unconstitutional. (See: Yates v. Royal Ins. Co. 200 Ill. 202; Walser v. Board of Education, 160 Ill. 272; Otis v. People ex rel. Raymond, 196 Ill. 542; Board of Education v. Toennigs, 297 Ill. 469; School", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "160 Ill. 272", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_160/0272_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d1a762355d454d65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 3445, "end": 3457, "quote": "196 Ill. 542", "context": " Ins. Co. 200 Ill. 202; Walser v. Board of Education, 160 Ill. 272; Otis v. People ex rel. Raymond, 196 Ill. 542; Board of Education v. Toennigs, 297 Ill. 469; School of Domestic Arts and Science v. Harding, 331 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "196 Ill. 542", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_196/0542_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "33bfc547f2d3219a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 3491, "end": 3503, "quote": "297 Ill. 469", "context": "cation, 160 Ill. 272; Otis v. People ex rel. Raymond, 196 Ill. 542; Board of Education v. Toennigs, 297 Ill. 469; School of Domestic Arts and Science v. Harding, 331 Ill. 330; Richardson Lubricating Co. v. Kinney", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "297 Ill. 469", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_297/0469_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa88a1e80bb9a863", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 3553, "end": 3565, "quote": "331 Ill. 330", "context": " 542; Board of Education v. Toennigs, 297 Ill. 469; School of Domestic Arts and Science v. Harding, 331 Ill. 330; Richardson Lubricating Co. v. Kinney, 337 Ill. 122; Standard Oil Co. v. Bollinger (two cases), 337", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "331 Ill. 330", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_331/0330_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d33993f313f79707", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 3605, "end": 3617, "quote": "337 Ill. 122", "context": "School of Domestic Arts and Science v. Harding, 331 Ill. 330; Richardson Lubricating Co. v. Kinney, 337 Ill. 122; Standard Oil Co. v. Bollinger (two cases), 337 Ill. 353, and 348 Ill. 82; 48 A.L.R. 1381; 74 A.L.R", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "337 Ill. 122", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_337/0122_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bf231c0ba5099e1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 3662, "end": 3674, "quote": "337 Ill. 353", "context": "330; Richardson Lubricating Co. v. Kinney, 337 Ill. 122; Standard Oil Co. v. Bollinger (two cases), 337 Ill. 353, and 348 Ill. 82; 48 A.L.R. 1381; 74 A.L.R. 1301.) The issue in many of the cited cases resolved it", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "337 Ill. 353", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_337/0353_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6156973a348d2c16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 3680, "end": 3691, "quote": "348 Ill. 82", "context": "bricating Co. v. Kinney, 337 Ill. 122; Standard Oil Co. v. Bollinger (two cases), 337 Ill. 353, and 348 Ill. 82; 48 A.L.R. 1381; 74 A.L.R. 1301.) The issue in many of the cited cases resolved itself into a quest", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "348 Ill. 82", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_348/0082_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4684180fa0d9bdcd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 3693, "end": 3707, "quote": "48 A.L.R. 1381", "context": " v. Kinney, 337 Ill. 122; Standard Oil Co. v. Bollinger (two cases), 337 Ill. 353, and 348 Ill. 82; 48 A.L.R. 1381; 74 A.L.R. 1301.) The issue in many of the cited cases resolved itself into a question of whether t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "48 A.L.R. 1381", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6c47cfd8c3142df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 3709, "end": 3723, "quote": "74 A.L.R. 1301", "context": "Ill. 122; Standard Oil Co. v. Bollinger (two cases), 337 Ill. 353, and 348 Ill. 82; 48 A.L.R. 1381; 74 A.L.R. 1301.) The issue in many of the cited cases resolved itself into a question of whether the payment of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 A.L.R. 1301", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "add14053e6a4c209", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 4082, "end": 4094, "quote": "360 Ill. 289", "context": "not a payment under compulsion but a voluntary payment. In People ex rel. Sweitzer v. Orrington Co. 360 Ill. 289, it is pointed out that such rigid rules were necessary, at least insofar as they were applied to r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "360 Ill. 289", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_360/0289_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7c38ae0ccfe4d5d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 4778, "end": 4789, "quote": "section 162", "context": "ds so tied up.\nIn 1933, the legislature amended certain sections of the Revenue Act of 1872 and, by section 162 thereof, made a formal protest and payment of seventy-five per cent of real-property taxes as a con", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "818062d346fd91f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 5165, "end": 5177, "quote": "360 Ill. 289", "context": "e amendments referred to came before this court in 1935 in People ex rel. Sweitzer v. Orrington Co. 360 Ill. 289, where the court had this to say: “The objectives of the amendments are manifest. They indicate a p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "360 Ill. 289", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_360/0289_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1a8dff9b0bb2e9d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 5556, "end": 5567, "quote": "section 191", "context": "ecedent to his right to file objections and to be heard in court. It is plain that the amendment to section 191 contemplates the refund of money whenever the tax objected to is held void and payment is shown to ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fad8f60183fdd00e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 6622, "end": 6634, "quote": "358 Ill. 239", "context": "f whether the payment is deemed to be voluntary or involuntary. Fenske Bros. v. Upholsterers Union, 358 Ill. 239.”\nFollowing the opinion in the Orrington case, the legislature, in 1937, further amended the Revenu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "358 Ill. 239", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_358/0239_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "52d3ee2a232d456f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 6758, "end": 6770, "quote": "section 162a", "context": " in the Orrington case, the legislature, in 1937, further amended the Revenue Act by adding thereto section 162a, which makes a formal protest and payment of all personal property taxes a condition precedent to t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb0b45c68ba6f562", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 7525, "end": 7537, "quote": "section 162a", "context": "tion and the Orrington Co. case is considered, we think it manifest that the legislature, in adding section 162a to the Revenue Act, intended thereby to protect those who wished to protest against their personal ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0026439c373c1990", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 9006, "end": 9016, "quote": "section 27", "context": "nent facts show that in August, 1946, the board of supervisors adopted a resolution, as required by section 27 of the Counties Act, (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1945, chap. 34, par. 27,) providing for the levy of an additi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e901cf061b4faf2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 9308, "end": 9318, "quote": "section 27", "context": "ximum statutory rate for county purposes and for a period of ten years. Further, in compliance with section 27, the resolution stated that the excess required would be substantially the sum of $50,000 per year ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee61768def239a32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 10848, "end": 10860, "quote": "394 Ill. 471", "context": "d generally upon numerous cases, such as People ex rel. Hargrave v. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Co. 394 Ill. 471, which hold that the provisions of section 27 providing for authority to levy an additional tax mus", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "394 Ill. 471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_394/0471_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8e8531a8195f7706", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 10896, "end": 10906, "quote": "section 27", "context": "ex rel. Hargrave v. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Co. 394 Ill. 471, which hold that the provisions of section 27 providing for authority to levy an additional tax must be construed strictly when examined from the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dfc5e15ec459c0d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 11214, "end": 11226, "quote": "198 Ill. 318", "context": "er. Specifically, appellant relies upon Peoria and Pekin Union Railway Co. v. People ex rel. Knupp, 198 Ill. 318, as authority for the proposition that the amount stated by the resolution of the board fixes the a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "198 Ill. 318", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_198/0318_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4d7189985dc848f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 13772, "end": 13782, "quote": "section 27", "context": " construction on the board’s estimate. The board in this case fully complied with the provisions of section 27, as did the board in the Peoria case, and the issue presented, as we view it, is whether the amount", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1fec7979ca5faba0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 14264, "end": 14274, "quote": "Section 27", "context": " of the board which stated an approximate amount, for the purpose of retiring a fixed indebtedness. Section 27 did not then require the resolution to state the number of years the excess would be required to be", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13665d023d31f36e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 15912, "end": 15922, "quote": "section 27", "context": "ion of a governmental agency for a future period of years. As required by the current provisions of section 27, (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1945, chap. 34, par. 27,) the board made an estimate of substantially the amount ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66ce68d72a9b548e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 19046, "end": 19056, "quote": "section 27", "context": "d to an excess tax for tuberculosis sanitarium purposes, it is our conclusion that the provision of section 27 for an estimate of “substantially the amount of such excess required” was intended to be sufficient", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f37b3a66fac459e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 20821, "end": 20831, "quote": "section 27", "context": "ounty was without authority to levy a tax in excess of statutory limit without first complying with section 27 of the Counties Act. Ill. Rev. Stat. 1949, chap. 34, par. 27.\nSection 11 of the County Public Healt", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83209a4c6116772b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 20894, "end": 20904, "quote": "Section 11", "context": "thout first complying with section 27 of the Counties Act. Ill. Rev. Stat. 1949, chap. 34, par. 27.\nSection 11 of the County Public Health Departments Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1949, chap, III y2, par. 20C10,) autho", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d59e552ff61b9dc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 21173, "end": 21183, "quote": "Sections 2", "context": " is maintaining a county or multiple-county health department shall, when authorized as provided in Sections 2, 3, or 4, levy annually therefor, in excess of the statutory limit, a tax of not to exceed .05 per ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1aa30cdf99f56da2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 21379, "end": 21388, "quote": "section 2", "context": "per cent” etc. It is admitted that the Adams County health department was formed in compliance with section 2 of the act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1949, chap. nij4>, par. 20ci,) and that, when the issue was put to the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14395881c74bf6b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 22092, "end": 22103, "quote": "411 Ill. 55", "context": "ich this court had under consideration in People ex rel. Harrell v. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Co. 411 Ill. 55; (2) in the Airports and Landing Fields Act, (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1949, chap. 15 >2, pars. 84 to 103,) ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "411 Ill. 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_411/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1cc2e09cb4f369fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 22259, "end": 22271, "quote": "408 Ill. 556", "context": " Stat. 1949, chap. 15 >2, pars. 84 to 103,) which was considered in People ex rel. Downs v. Scully, 408 Ill. 556; and (3) in the County Tuberculosis Sanitariums Act, (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1949, chap. 34, pars. 164 to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "408 Ill. 556", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_408/0556_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8355902543dbbc8d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 22499, "end": 22510, "quote": "286 Ill. 15", "context": " treated upon innumerable times between the decisions of People ex rel. Graff v. Wabash Railway Co. 286 Ill. 15, and People ex rel. Walsh v. Illinois Central Railroad Co. 409 Ill. 522. As was pointed out under s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "286 Ill. 15", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_286/0015_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ee4223a253ea362", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 22570, "end": 22582, "quote": "409 Ill. 522", "context": " Graff v. Wabash Railway Co. 286 Ill. 15, and People ex rel. Walsh v. Illinois Central Railroad Co. 409 Ill. 522. As was pointed out under similar circumstances, in People ex rel. Bracher v. Millard, 307 Ill. 556", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "409 Ill. 522", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_409/0522_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ac266f78acdc7f88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 22670, "end": 22682, "quote": "307 Ill. 556", "context": "409 Ill. 522. As was pointed out under similar circumstances, in People ex rel. Bracher v. Millard, 307 Ill. 556, (pp. 573-574,) in the acts referred to the language of the statute only gives the taxing authoriti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "307 Ill. 556", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_307/0556_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2daadee989241f80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 23158, "end": 23168, "quote": "section 27", "context": " be levied in excess of the limitation fixed by law unless authorized pursuant to the provisions of section 27 of the Counties Act, or unless the statute by its terms exempts the additional tax from the provisi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9fd3b84b6b24dd21", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 23275, "end": 23286, "quote": "section 27.", "context": " Counties Act, or unless the statute by its terms exempts the additional tax from the provisions of section 27. The authority granted by sections 2 and 11 of the County Health Departments Act is substantially br", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee1d052d5ce0d183", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 23312, "end": 23322, "quote": "sections 2", "context": "by its terms exempts the additional tax from the provisions of section 27. The authority granted by sections 2 and 11 of the County Health Departments Act is substantially broader than that contained in the sta", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4727543d9bb39bd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 23828, "end": 23840, "quote": "307 Ill. 556", "context": "hout more, to levy taxes in addition to maximum statutory rates. People ex rel. Bracher v. Millard, 307 Ill. 556; People ex rel. Dooley v. New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad Co. 368 Ill. 536.\nStill another ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "307 Ill. 556", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_307/0556_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "18706da52f375eeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 23912, "end": 23924, "quote": "368 Ill. 536", "context": "her v. Millard, 307 Ill. 556; People ex rel. Dooley v. New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad Co. 368 Ill. 536.\nStill another reason exists as to why the provisions of section 27 have no application to the tax ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 Ill. 536", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_368/0536_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f72503c9d1a3def3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 23982, "end": 23992, "quote": "section 27", "context": "go and St. Louis Railroad Co. 368 Ill. 536.\nStill another reason exists as to why the provisions of section 27 have no application to the tax in excess of the statutory limit authorized by the County Health Dep", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ab8bfb67abac12e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 24809, "end": 24821, "quote": "291 Ill. 502", "context": "valid tax under its own terms. (People ex rel. Flick v. Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Co. 291 Ill. 502.) As was observed in the case last cited, where an excess tax for a detention home was being consid", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "291 Ill. 502", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_291/0502_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb30268ebc4fd7b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 24927, "end": 24937, "quote": "section 27", "context": "was observed in the case last cited, where an excess tax for a detention home was being considered, section 27, which is a provision in a general act, has nothing to do with the levy of the tax authorized by a ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5b4bc59db079f8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 25181, "end": 25191, "quote": "section 27", "context": "rd does not, of its own initiative submit this tax to the people as it does taxes to be voted under section 27, the propositions being voted upon under the County Health Departments Act being submitted by petit", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f66a2fc69301201", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 25487, "end": 25499, "quote": "320 Ill. 491", "context": "rovisions must prevail over the general provisions of the Counties Act (County of DeWitt v. Greene, 320 Ill. 491,) and the trial court properly held that the failure to comply with the provisions of section 27 di", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "320 Ill. 491", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_320/0491_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f10104c644212ab2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_1/0468_01/index.html", "start": 25586, "end": 25596, "quote": "section 27", "context": " 320 Ill. 491,) and the trial court properly held that the failure to comply with the provisions of section 27 did not render the health department taxes invalid.\nFor the reasons stated, the orders of the count", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7abdd9609f4890b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 459, "end": 469, "quote": "section 13", "context": "as void because the procedures followed by the Secretary failed to comport with the requirements of section 13 of the Administrative Procedure Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 127, par. 1013), and because the dec", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e27b688c517090ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 661, "end": 671, "quote": "section 13", "context": " the decision was contrary to the manifest weight of the evidence. The circuit court concluded that section 13 applied and that the Secretary had violated section 13 by failing to circulate his proposed decisio", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88dec90c164e93ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 716, "end": 726, "quote": "section 13", "context": "e evidence. The circuit court concluded that section 13 applied and that the Secretary had violated section 13 by failing to circulate his proposed decision for review and comment before rendering the final dec", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "67e3896dc33b30b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 1202, "end": 1212, "quote": "section 11", "context": "nelly was convicted of operating a motor vehicle while trader the influence of alcohol, contrary to section 11 — 501(a) of the Illinois Vehicle Code (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1983, ch. 95½, par. 11 — 501(a).) As a resul", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5ebfba2db6bed17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 1877, "end": 1887, "quote": "section 13", "context": "permit.\nPlaintiff sought review of the administrative decision in the circuit court. He argued that section 13 applied to the Secretary’s decision in this case because the final administrative decision was made", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9334486f7b664457", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 2186, "end": 2196, "quote": "section 13", "context": "ng nor read the record made at the hearing. Therefore, plaintiff argued that the Secretary violated section 13 by failing to serve him with a copy of the proposed decision and by failing to allow him the opport", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62e5df346a653f71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 2425, "end": 2436, "quote": "section 2.4", "context": "o the proposed decision before it became final.\nPlaintiff also argued before the circuit court that section 2.4 of the Secretary’s internal policy procedures, which establishes a formal hearing review panel to r", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52fb318d830a86c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 2679, "end": 2690, "quote": "section 2.4", "context": "s, is a rule within the meaning of the Administrative Procedure Act. Plaintiff contended that since section 2.4 is a rule, it should have been promulgated in accordance with the rulemaking requirements of the Ad", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d36188f07c383d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 2904, "end": 2914, "quote": "section 13", "context": "rocedure Act.\nThe circuit court agreed that the Secretary was required to, but did not, comply with section 13 when making decisions on applications for restricted driving permits. The court also concluded that", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e492117aff455f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 3015, "end": 3026, "quote": "section 2.4", "context": "when making decisions on applications for restricted driving permits. The court also concluded that section 2.4 was a rule within the meaning of the Administrative Procedure Act, and that it had not been promulg", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49fdabf8ffc10cf0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 3550, "end": 3560, "quote": "section 13", "context": " stay of the circuit court's order pending appeal.\nThe sole issue before us in this case is whether section 13 of the Administrative Procedure Act applies to decisions of the Secretary of State made pursuant to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0fcd5d083d78bacb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 3661, "end": 3670, "quote": "section 6", "context": "of the Administrative Procedure Act applies to decisions of the Secretary of State made pursuant to section 6 — 205(c) of the Illinois Vehicle Code (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 95½, par. 6 — 205(c)). We agree wi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ded4ce072ecefc2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 3805, "end": 3815, "quote": "section 13", "context": "ode (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 95½, par. 6 — 205(c)). We agree with the Secretary’s contention that section 13 does not apply in this case.\nThe Secretary argues that section 13 does not apply to final decisions", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24e80afb49d20e71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 3871, "end": 3881, "quote": "section 13", "context": "h the Secretary’s contention that section 13 does not apply in this case.\nThe Secretary argues that section 13 does not apply to final decisions rendered by the single head of an agency, since the language of t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "498ac8f5973cd3b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 4028, "end": 4038, "quote": "Section 13", "context": "the single head of an agency, since the language of the statute refers to multiple decision makers. Section 13 provides as follows:\n“Except where otherwise expressly provided by law, when in a contested case a ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ad64628cf5cbed80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 4885, "end": 4895, "quote": "section 13", "context": "ns who conducted the hearing or one who has read the record.”\nThe circuit court, in concluding that section 13 does apply, based this conclusion on its finding that in reality it is the multiple members of the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "42616fe31a385aa1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 5150, "end": 5161, "quote": "section 2.4", "context": "cision on restricted driving permits. The circuit court based this finding on its interpretation of section 2.4 of the Secretary’s internal policy procedures. Section 2.4, as it existed at the time of Donnelly’s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e1842b199cc3327", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 5209, "end": 5220, "quote": "Section 2.4", "context": "ed this finding on its interpretation of section 2.4 of the Secretary’s internal policy procedures. Section 2.4, as it existed at the time of Donnelly’s hearing, provided as follows:\n“Formal Hearing Review Panel", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3a5ba082afa911bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 6530, "end": 6541, "quote": "Section 2.4", "context": "d, not the Secretary, that makes the final decision on whether to grant restricted driving permits. Section 2.4 of the Secretary’s own internal operating procedures clearly states that the Secretary or his desig", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5096cfa7de18eee7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 6852, "end": 6866, "quote": "29 Ill. 2d 244", "context": "ordinates to assist him in making decisions. (Des Plaines Currency Exchange, Inc. v. Knight (1963), 29 Ill. 2d 244, 248; Umthun Trucking Co. v. Howlett (1977), 45 Ill. App. 3d 868, 870.) The Secretary is entitled t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 Ill. 2d 244", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_29/0244_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6238fee8b77c5510", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 6912, "end": 6931, "quote": "45 Ill. App. 3d 868", "context": "rrency Exchange, Inc. v. Knight (1963), 29 Ill. 2d 244, 248; Umthun Trucking Co. v. Howlett (1977), 45 Ill. App. 3d 868, 870.) The Secretary is entitled to a presumption that all his official acts are regular and in acc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 Ill. App. 3d 868", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_45/0868_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1e1a8cad34a3bbc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 7108, "end": 7122, "quote": "29 Ill. 2d 244", "context": " are regular and in accordance with the law. (Des Plaines Currency Exchange, Inc. v. Knight (1963), 29 Ill. 2d 244, 249; Watra, Inc. v. License Appeal Com. (1979), 71 Ill. App. 3d 596, 601.) The record contains evi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 Ill. 2d 244", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_29/0244_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "82c2bab490253b3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 7172, "end": 7191, "quote": "71 Ill. App. 3d 596", "context": "cy Exchange, Inc. v. Knight (1963), 29 Ill. 2d 244, 249; Watra, Inc. v. License Appeal Com. (1979), 71 Ill. App. 3d 596, 601.) The record contains evidence presented by the Secretary indicating that the function of the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 Ill. App. 3d 596", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_71/0596_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0238a2f7d398e470", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 7785, "end": 7796, "quote": "section 2.4", "context": "the final decision on restricted driving permits.\nMoreover, the circuit court erred in finding that section 2.4 of the Secretary’s internal operating procedures was a rule that had not been promulgated in compli", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e2070d5d4dc4f66c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 8545, "end": 8560, "quote": "104 Ill. 2d 169", "context": "27, par. 1003.09.) Although this is a limited exception (Senn Park Nursing Center v. Miller (1984), 104 Ill. 2d 169, 179), section 2.4 clearly fits within it, since section 2.4 merely prescribes an internal method f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 Ill. 2d 169", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_104/0169_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bf53a2133b05d549", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 8568, "end": 8579, "quote": "section 2.4", "context": "ough this is a limited exception (Senn Park Nursing Center v. Miller (1984), 104 Ill. 2d 169, 179), section 2.4 clearly fits within it, since section 2.4 merely prescribes an internal method for maintaining cons", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4052bbae431f88c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 8610, "end": 8621, "quote": "section 2.4", "context": "k Nursing Center v. Miller (1984), 104 Ill. 2d 169, 179), section 2.4 clearly fits within it, since section 2.4 merely prescribes an internal method for maintaining consistency among the Secretary’s decisions on", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5890e4b8a0a92c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 8910, "end": 8924, "quote": "93 Ill. 2d 126", "context": "o every agency explanation of existing policy to its employees. (Mobil Oil Corp. v. Johnson (1982), 93 Ill. 2d 126, 138.) Section 2.4 does not affect the private rights of persons who come before the Secretary seek", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 Ill. 2d 126", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_93/0126_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a5de7e5e95563e13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 8932, "end": 8943, "quote": "Section 2.4", "context": "tion of existing policy to its employees. (Mobil Oil Corp. v. Johnson (1982), 93 Ill. 2d 126, 138.) Section 2.4 does not affect the private rights of persons who come before the Secretary seeking restricted driv", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d2b445c58619e3c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 9182, "end": 9193, "quote": "section 2.4", "context": "review board is to maintain consistency among the Secretary’s decisions. We therefore conclude that section 2.4 of the Secretary’s internal operating procedures is not a rule within the meaning of the Administra", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bf5dd0b46bd6ad88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 9352, "end": 9362, "quote": "section 13", "context": "rule within the meaning of the Administrative Procedure Act.\nWe turn now to the question of whether section 13 applies in this case, where the Secretary alone is the final decision maker. It is a basic tenet of", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e84b330d56e9d684", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 9613, "end": 9627, "quote": "95 Ill. 2d 181", "context": " is to give effect to the intention of the legislature. (Interlake, Inc. v. Industrial Com. (1983), 95 Ill. 2d 181, 192.) The legislature’s intention is ascertained by giving the language of a statute its plain and", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 Ill. 2d 181", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_95/0181_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5b4a2a4c853e568b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 9773, "end": 9788, "quote": "105 Ill. 2d 310", "context": "ined by giving the language of a statute its plain and ordinary meaning. (People v. Steppan (1985), 105 Ill. 2d 310, 317.) In addition, statutes should be construed so that language is not rendered meaningless or su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 Ill. 2d 310", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_105/0310_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "417ca3772d92fc77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 9927, "end": 9942, "quote": "103 Ill. 2d 339", "context": " construed so that language is not rendered meaningless or superfluous. People v. Singleton (1984), 103 Ill. 2d 339, 345.\nBy its plain language, section 13 applies only to situations where the majority of the offici", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 Ill. 2d 339", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_103/0339_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "98b276c89bf4a816", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 9972, "end": 9982, "quote": "section 13", "context": "eaningless or superfluous. People v. Singleton (1984), 103 Ill. 2d 339, 345.\nBy its plain language, section 13 applies only to situations where the majority of the officials of an agency who are to render the f", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14d1f95a238d6c2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 10308, "end": 10318, "quote": "section 13", "context": "der the final decision in each case, and that official is the Secretary. Therefore we conclude that section 13 does not control in this case.\nIn addition to the plain language of section 13, our conclusion is s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c01d764f08721360", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 10387, "end": 10397, "quote": "section 13", "context": "ore we conclude that section 13 does not control in this case.\nIn addition to the plain language of section 13, our conclusion is supported by the presumption that the legislature, in passing legislation, did n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79d651f541cafc9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 10574, "end": 10589, "quote": "105 Ill. 2d 310", "context": "sing legislation, did not intend absurdity, inconvenience, or injustice. (People v. Steppan (1985), 105 Ill. 2d 310, 316; Illinois Crime Investigating Com. v. Buccieri (1967), 36 Ill. 2d 556, 561.) If the requiremen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 Ill. 2d 310", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_105/0310_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "960330f244d53b11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 10650, "end": 10664, "quote": "36 Ill. 2d 556", "context": "ople v. Steppan (1985), 105 Ill. 2d 310, 316; Illinois Crime Investigating Com. v. Buccieri (1967), 36 Ill. 2d 556, 561.) If the requirements of section 13, which include serving the proposed decision upon the part", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 Ill. 2d 556", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_36/0556_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "96a713ff46f69dd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 10695, "end": 10705, "quote": "section 13", "context": " Illinois Crime Investigating Com. v. Buccieri (1967), 36 Ill. 2d 556, 561.) If the requirements of section 13, which include serving the proposed decision upon the parties, allowing parties to file exceptions ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab37298e1f23b81b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 11460, "end": 11473, "quote": "84 Ill. 2d 42", "context": "s as the particular situation demands. (Scott v. Department of Commerce & Community Affairs (1981), 84 Ill. 2d 42, 51.) In the case of restricted driving permit proceedings, this means that the Secretary or his de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 Ill. 2d 42", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_84/0042_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aef77acec3b36f9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 11838, "end": 11851, "quote": "97 Ill. 2d 91", "context": "of conflicting testimony conveyed by the hearing officer. See Starkey v. Civil Service Com. (1983), 97 Ill. 2d 91, 100; Starnawski v. License Appeal Com. (1981), 101 Ill. App. 3d 1050, 1053-54.\nThe judgment of the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 Ill. 2d 91", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_97/0091_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c3e4d1bf76d319b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_117/0059_01/index.html", "start": 11900, "end": 11921, "quote": "101 Ill. App. 3d 1050", "context": "Starkey v. Civil Service Com. (1983), 97 Ill. 2d 91, 100; Starnawski v. License Appeal Com. (1981), 101 Ill. App. 3d 1050, 1053-54.\nThe judgment of the circuit court of Cook County is reversed and the cause is remanded to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 Ill. App. 3d 1050", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_101/1050_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c98b31210dfb73e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 994, "end": 1006, "quote": "section 4(b)", "context": "acy. Szabo appeals both the convictions and sentence directly to this court pursuant to article VI, section 4(b), of the 1970 Illinois Constitution and Rule 603 (73 Ill. 2d R. 603). The sentences were stayed pend", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8572621dd56ba67d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 19184, "end": 19198, "quote": "94 Ill. 2d 275", "context": " rights of the defendant, to determine whether justice has been denied. See People v. Jones (1982), 94 Ill. 2d 275, 294-95; People v. Carlson (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 564, 576-77; People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 50", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 Ill. 2d 275", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0275_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b1a2c64f26a989a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 19234, "end": 19248, "quote": "79 Ill. 2d 564", "context": "tice has been denied. See People v. Jones (1982), 94 Ill. 2d 275, 294-95; People v. Carlson (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 564, 576-77; People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, 542.\nThe State argues here, as before the circu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 Ill. 2d 564", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_79/0564_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "503e1325c1e75e53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 19285, "end": 19299, "quote": "79 Ill. 2d 508", "context": "4 Ill. 2d 275, 294-95; People v. Carlson (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 564, 576-77; People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, 542.\nThe State argues here, as before the circuit court, that it was not obligated to produce the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 Ill. 2d 508", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_79/0508_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "55b2aaea57b9e3bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 19695, "end": 19709, "quote": "56 Ill. 2d 285", "context": "r material privileged by the work-product rule. (73 Ill. 2d R. 412(j)(1); People v. Bassett (1974), 56 Ill. 2d 285, 292.) The import of the rule, however, is that the determination whether memoranda summarizing a w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 Ill. 2d 285", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_56/0285_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aac9a3e5b0192476", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 21108, "end": 21122, "quote": "56 Ill. 2d 285", "context": ", ch. 110A, par. 412, Committee Comments, at 679-80 (Smith-Hurd 1976).\nIn People v. Bassett (1974), 56 Ill. 2d 285, 289-92, this court summarized the law with respect to the disclosure required of the State in crim", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 Ill. 2d 285", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_56/0285_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "03226d07812153be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 21324, "end": 21338, "quote": "43 Ill. 2d 228", "context": "al cases. Bassett approved the approach taken in the previous decisions of People v. Sumner (1969), 43 Ill. 2d 228, and People v. Wolff (1960), 19 Ill. 2d 318. These decisions make clear that, once the defendant ha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 Ill. 2d 228", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_43/0228_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dde4084ee97281ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 21368, "end": 21382, "quote": "19 Ill. 2d 318", "context": "n in the previous decisions of People v. Sumner (1969), 43 Ill. 2d 228, and People v. Wolff (1960), 19 Ill. 2d 318. These decisions make clear that, once the defendant has made a specific demand for a report of a s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 Ill. 2d 318", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_19/0318_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00278d4d19c8aefa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 21940, "end": 21952, "quote": "353 U.S. 657", "context": "; only the defense should be permitted to make that determination. (Jencks v. United States (1957), 353 U.S. 657, 667-69, 1 L. Ed. 2d 1103, 1111-13, 77 S. Ct. 1007, 1012-14.) When the State resists disclosure, as", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "353 U.S. 657", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f7903724ab3e560", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 21962, "end": 21978, "quote": "1 L. Ed. 2d 1103", "context": "uld be permitted to make that determination. (Jencks v. United States (1957), 353 U.S. 657, 667-69, 1 L. Ed. 2d 1103, 1111-13, 77 S. Ct. 1007, 1012-14.) When the State resists disclosure, asserting that the statement", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1 L. Ed. 2d 1103", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b6c1bc85bfeccad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 21989, "end": 22003, "quote": "77 S. Ct. 1007", "context": "at determination. (Jencks v. United States (1957), 353 U.S. 657, 667-69, 1 L. Ed. 2d 1103, 1111-13, 77 S. Ct. 1007, 1012-14.) When the State resists disclosure, asserting that the statement or a portion thereof is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 S. Ct. 1007", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5e56de724c9487e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 23866, "end": 23880, "quote": "56 Ill. 2d 285", "context": "f the witnesses’ pretrial statements, and were thus an adequate substitute for the original notes. (56 Ill. 2d 285, 290, 292.) Here, in contrast, the eight-page, nonverbatim outline of Leatherman’s expected trial t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 Ill. 2d 285", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_56/0285_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "791b9e4d9cedba5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 24725, "end": 24739, "quote": "87 Ill. 2d 151", "context": "f cross-examination can, in some cases, amount to constitutional error. People v. Wilkerson (1981), 87 Ill. 2d 151; Smith v. Illinois (1968), 390 U.S. 129, 19 L. Ed. 2d 956, 88 S. Ct. 748.\nHowever, the notes were d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 Ill. 2d 151", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_87/0151_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c30b7b2f01ed2c57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 24767, "end": 24779, "quote": "390 U.S. 129", "context": "ount to constitutional error. People v. Wilkerson (1981), 87 Ill. 2d 151; Smith v. Illinois (1968), 390 U.S. 129, 19 L. Ed. 2d 956, 88 S. Ct. 748.\nHowever, the notes were destroyed; their contents are unknown, an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "390 U.S. 129", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4ddbda6dfa269f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 24781, "end": 24797, "quote": "19 L. Ed. 2d 956", "context": "tutional error. People v. Wilkerson (1981), 87 Ill. 2d 151; Smith v. Illinois (1968), 390 U.S. 129, 19 L. Ed. 2d 956, 88 S. Ct. 748.\nHowever, the notes were destroyed; their contents are unknown, and the effect of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 L. Ed. 2d 956", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75880d4fecd0cfac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 24799, "end": 24812, "quote": "88 S. Ct. 748", "context": "ople v. Wilkerson (1981), 87 Ill. 2d 151; Smith v. Illinois (1968), 390 U.S. 129, 19 L. Ed. 2d 956, 88 S. Ct. 748.\nHowever, the notes were destroyed; their contents are unknown, and the effect of their nondisclosu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 748", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34a9a1c956f6f1e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 26908, "end": 26926, "quote": "55 Ill. App. 3d 21", "context": " to its intentional failure to preserve pretrial statements of witnesses. (People v. Abbott (1977), 55 Ill. App. 3d 21; People v. DeStefano (1975), 30 Ill. App. 3d 935; People v. Manley (1974), 19 Ill. App. 3d 365.) Th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 Ill. App. 3d 21", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_55/0021_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "002065c277179eeb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 26956, "end": 26975, "quote": "30 Ill. App. 3d 935", "context": " statements of witnesses. (People v. Abbott (1977), 55 Ill. App. 3d 21; People v. DeStefano (1975), 30 Ill. App. 3d 935; People v. Manley (1974), 19 Ill. App. 3d 365.) These cases involved the deliberate failure of the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 Ill. App. 3d 935", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_30/0935_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "117cd789d0013a16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 27002, "end": 27021, "quote": "19 Ill. App. 3d 365", "context": "977), 55 Ill. App. 3d 21; People v. DeStefano (1975), 30 Ill. App. 3d 935; People v. Manley (1974), 19 Ill. App. 3d 365.) These cases involved the deliberate failure of the State to reduce a witness’ statement to writin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 Ill. App. 3d 365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_19/0365_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4fe77c9978a149f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 27631, "end": 27649, "quote": "55 Ill. App. 3d 21", "context": "isclosure of relevant material to the defendant, it will not be condoned. (People v. Abbott (1977), 55 Ill. App. 3d 21, 25; People v. Manley (1974), 19 Ill. App. 3d 365, 370.) We agree with this view.\nIn People v. DeSt", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "55 Ill. App. 3d 21", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_55/0021_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8b12cc9256072507", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 27680, "end": 27699, "quote": "19 Ill. App. 3d 365", "context": "it will not be condoned. (People v. Abbott (1977), 55 Ill. App. 3d 21, 25; People v. Manley (1974), 19 Ill. App. 3d 365, 370.) We agree with this view.\nIn People v. DeStefano (1975), 30 Ill. App. 3d 935, the key prosecu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 Ill. App. 3d 365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_19/0365_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe5c410406af2ff3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 27763, "end": 27782, "quote": "30 Ill. App. 3d 935", "context": ". Manley (1974), 19 Ill. App. 3d 365, 370.) We agree with this view.\nIn People v. DeStefano (1975), 30 Ill. App. 3d 935, the key prosecution witness, an alleged accomplice who was granted immunity in return for his test", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 Ill. App. 3d 935", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_30/0935_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "203ed7c20b397de7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 28471, "end": 28490, "quote": "30 Ill. App. 3d 935", "context": "the witness’ credibility at trial, and under the circumstances denied defendant due process of law. 30 Ill. App. 3d 935, 943.\nPeople v. Manley involved a contempt proceeding against a State’s Attorney for refusal to com", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 Ill. App. 3d 935", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_30/0935_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe16aacfe82a2c3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 30011, "end": 30030, "quote": "19 Ill. App. 3d 365", "context": "n of evidence wrongfully withheld, will sufficiently insure a fair trial.” People v. Manley (1974), 19 Ill. App. 3d 365, 370.\nIn the case at bar it is undisputed that potentially discoverable memoranda of pretrial state", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 Ill. App. 3d 365", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-3d/volume_19/0365_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "97e1fed024f701fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 32553, "end": 32567, "quote": "66 Ill. 2d 551", "context": "ions for more than one offense cannot be carved from the same physical act. (People v. King (1977), 66 Ill. 2d 551, 566; People v. Donaldson (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 164, 170.) The State concedes, and we agree, that entr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 Ill. 2d 551", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_66/0551_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "86b3c44920cb6a0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 32602, "end": 32616, "quote": "91 Ill. 2d 164", "context": "rom the same physical act. (People v. King (1977), 66 Ill. 2d 551, 566; People v. Donaldson (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 164, 170.) The State concedes, and we agree, that entry of judgment on all four convictions was erroneo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Ill. 2d 164", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_91/0164_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9742aafb56f614a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 33556, "end": 33570, "quote": "79 Ill. 2d 508", "context": "results in the arbitrary and capricious imposition of the death penalty (People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, cert. dismissed (1980), 449 U.S. 811, 66 L. Ed. 2d 14, 101 S. Ct. 59; People ex rel. Carey v. Cous", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 Ill. 2d 508", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_79/0508_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7827a41a60c6a714", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 33596, "end": 33608, "quote": "449 U.S. 811", "context": "imposition of the death penalty (People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, cert. dismissed (1980), 449 U.S. 811, 66 L. Ed. 2d 14, 101 S. Ct. 59; People ex rel. Carey v. Cousins (1979), 77 Ill. 2d 531, cert. deni", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "449 U.S. 811", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "674e02754a06ed6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 33610, "end": 33625, "quote": "66 L. Ed. 2d 14", "context": "the death penalty (People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, cert. dismissed (1980), 449 U.S. 811, 66 L. Ed. 2d 14, 101 S. Ct. 59; People ex rel. Carey v. Cousins (1979), 77 Ill. 2d 531, cert. denied (1980), 445 U.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 L. Ed. 2d 14", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "654b15e011fabb65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 33627, "end": 33640, "quote": "101 S. Ct. 59", "context": " (People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, cert. dismissed (1980), 449 U.S. 811, 66 L. Ed. 2d 14, 101 S. Ct. 59; People ex rel. Carey v. Cousins (1979), 77 Ill. 2d 531, cert. denied (1980), 445 U.S. 953, 63 L. E", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 59", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbdf5cc3276ac2e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 33682, "end": 33696, "quote": "77 Ill. 2d 531", "context": "issed (1980), 449 U.S. 811, 66 L. Ed. 2d 14, 101 S. Ct. 59; People ex rel. Carey v. Cousins (1979), 77 Ill. 2d 531, cert. denied (1980), 445 U.S. 953, 63 L. Ed. 2d 788, 100 S. Ct 1603); the argument that the statut", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 Ill. 2d 531", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_77/0531_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "906f843903d01ac8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 33719, "end": 33731, "quote": "445 U.S. 953", "context": " 2d 14, 101 S. Ct. 59; People ex rel. Carey v. Cousins (1979), 77 Ill. 2d 531, cert. denied (1980), 445 U.S. 953, 63 L. Ed. 2d 788, 100 S. Ct 1603); the argument that the statute does not provide adequate appella", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "445 U.S. 953", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62ce4e6bbe85cf0a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 33733, "end": 33749, "quote": "63 L. Ed. 2d 788", "context": " Ct. 59; People ex rel. Carey v. Cousins (1979), 77 Ill. 2d 531, cert. denied (1980), 445 U.S. 953, 63 L. Ed. 2d 788, 100 S. Ct 1603); the argument that the statute does not provide adequate appellate review procedur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 L. Ed. 2d 788", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "725688f5bd880135", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 33751, "end": 33765, "quote": "100 S. Ct 1603", "context": " rel. Carey v. Cousins (1979), 77 Ill. 2d 531, cert. denied (1980), 445 U.S. 953, 63 L. Ed. 2d 788, 100 S. Ct 1603); the argument that the statute does not provide adequate appellate review procedures (People v. Br", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S. Ct. 1603", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05e933915fd261d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 33880, "end": 33894, "quote": "79 Ill. 2d 508", "context": " that the statute does not provide adequate appellate review procedures (People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508); and the argument that the statute does not require consideration as to whether the offender can b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 Ill. 2d 508", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_79/0508_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "633c2ee932240f2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 34053, "end": 34067, "quote": "88 Ill. 2d 342", "context": "deration as to whether the offender can be restored to useful citizenship (People v. Gaines (1981), 88 Ill. 2d 342). As these issues have already been fully considered and decided by this court, further discussion ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Ill. 2d 342", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/0342_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "52095062e0baffb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 34517, "end": 34531, "quote": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "context": "ceived a sentence of four years’ imprisonment. Szabo relies primarily on People v. Gleckler (1980), 82 Ill. 2d 145, in which this court vacated the sentence of death and remanded for imposition of a lesser penalty.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_82/0145_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "155265aab19f8819", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 34883, "end": 34897, "quote": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "context": "isonment. The court expressly rejected the contention that Gleckler was more culpable than Parsons (82 Ill. 2d 145, 166), and also found, in view of the evidence in mitigation presented by both men, that Gleckler’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_82/0145_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2bd88ffec50cc0f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 35071, "end": 35085, "quote": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "context": " both men, that Gleckler’s prospects for rehabilitation were not demonstrably poorer than Parsons’ (82 Ill. 2d 145, 171.) The court found it relevant to the issue of the proportionality of Gleckler’s death sentence", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_82/0145_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f57af849f7a2492", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 35327, "end": 35341, "quote": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "context": " culpable and with less rehabilitative potential than Gleckler, had not received the death penalty (82 Ill. 2d 145, 167). It was also found to be relevant to the question of the appropriateness of the sentence in G", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_82/0145_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "28a1956c96799c12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 35543, "end": 35557, "quote": "42 Ill. 2d 159", "context": "ckler’s case that the death sentence of the defendant in a previous case (People v. Walcher (1969), 42 Ill. 2d 159), whose circumstances the court found to be similar to the circumstances in Gleckler’s, had been va", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 Ill. 2d 159", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_42/0159_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5fda22919a964599", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 35740, "end": 35754, "quote": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "context": "er’s, had been vacated by this court as unduly severe and inappropriate. People v. Gleckler (1980), 82 Ill. 2d 145, 169-70.\nIn determining whether the imposition of the death penalty is proper in a particular case,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_82/0145_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "26b0345a015e79da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 36285, "end": 36299, "quote": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "context": "and with the objective of restoring the offender to useful citizenship); People v. Gleckler (1980), 82 Ill. 2d 145, 162.) A sentence does not offend the requirement of proportionality if it is commensurate with the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_82/0145_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8ab6cce9a5abda0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 36535, "end": 36549, "quote": "79 Ill. 2d 564", "context": "adequate consideration to the rehabilitative potential of the defendant. (People v. Carlson (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 564, 587; People v. Gaines (1981), 88 Ill. 2d 342, 380-82.) In addition, however, this court has a duty", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 Ill. 2d 564", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_79/0564_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f56f5db272eb303c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 36581, "end": 36595, "quote": "88 Ill. 2d 342", "context": "otential of the defendant. (People v. Carlson (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 564, 587; People v. Gaines (1981), 88 Ill. 2d 342, 380-82.) In addition, however, this court has a duty to ensure that the cases in which death is im", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Ill. 2d 342", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/0342_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ea2ae884a22db39b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 36797, "end": 36811, "quote": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "context": "sed are rationally distinguished from those in which it is not imposed. (People v. Gleckler (1980), 82 Ill. 2d 145, 166.) Rationality, consistency, and evenhandedness in the imposition of the death penalty are cons", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 Ill. 2d 145", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_82/0145_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cffdedd95d96e66b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 36966, "end": 36980, "quote": "79 Ill. 2d 508", "context": " the imposition of the death penalty are constitutionally indispensable. People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, 543; Jurek v. Texas (1976), 428 U.S. 262, 276, 49 L. Ed. 2d 929, 941, 96 S. Ct. 2950, 2958.\nWe con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 Ill. 2d 508", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_79/0508_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83cc9bdf801eb04c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 37010, "end": 37022, "quote": "428 U.S. 262", "context": "stitutionally indispensable. People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, 543; Jurek v. Texas (1976), 428 U.S. 262, 276, 49 L. Ed. 2d 929, 941, 96 S. Ct. 2950, 2958.\nWe conclude that the sentence of death imposed o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "428 U.S. 262", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43a0d0ba3f59267c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 37029, "end": 37045, "quote": "49 L. Ed. 2d 929", "context": "pensable. People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, 543; Jurek v. Texas (1976), 428 U.S. 262, 276, 49 L. Ed. 2d 929, 941, 96 S. Ct. 2950, 2958.\nWe conclude that the sentence of death imposed on Szabo cannot be deeme", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 L. Ed. 2d 929", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ecae6b634439702a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 37052, "end": 37066, "quote": "96 S. Ct. 2950", "context": "wnell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, 543; Jurek v. Texas (1976), 428 U.S. 262, 276, 49 L. Ed. 2d 929, 941, 96 S. Ct. 2950, 2958.\nWe conclude that the sentence of death imposed on Szabo cannot be deemed excessive or dispro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 2950", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32122880436e03b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 38167, "end": 38179, "quote": "391 U.S. 510", "context": "tive jurors were improperly excused from the venire in violation of Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 88 S. Ct. 1770. The United States Supreme Court in Witherspoon said:\n“[A] prospe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 U.S. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13be3a1f4b867b6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 38181, "end": 38197, "quote": "20 L. Ed. 2d 776", "context": "re improperly excused from the venire in violation of Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 88 S. Ct. 1770. The United States Supreme Court in Witherspoon said:\n“[A] prospective juror cannot", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 2d 776", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28bef58a11b5e7bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 38199, "end": 38213, "quote": "88 S. Ct. 1770", "context": "sed from the venire in violation of Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 88 S. Ct. 1770. The United States Supreme Court in Witherspoon said:\n“[A] prospective juror cannot be expected to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 1770", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "752fcf069c23e2d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 39615, "end": 39627, "quote": "391 U.S. 510", "context": "revent them from making an impartial decision as to the defendant’s guilt.” (Emphasis in original.) 391 U.S. 510, 522-23 n.21, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 785 n.21, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1777 n.21.\nIn addressing the exclusion of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 U.S. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f566df140142d5d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 39642, "end": 39658, "quote": "20 L. Ed. 2d 776", "context": "impartial decision as to the defendant’s guilt.” (Emphasis in original.) 391 U.S. 510, 522-23 n.21, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 785 n.21, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1777 n.21.\nIn addressing the exclusion of several veniremen in People v.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 2d 776", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68383c6a44801c59", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 39670, "end": 39684, "quote": "88 S. Ct. 1770", "context": " defendant’s guilt.” (Emphasis in original.) 391 U.S. 510, 522-23 n.21, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 785 n.21, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1777 n.21.\nIn addressing the exclusion of several veniremen in People v. Gaines (1981), 88 Ill. 2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 1770", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9ceb2f53ad5ec20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 39774, "end": 39788, "quote": "88 Ill. 2d 342", "context": ". Ct. 1770, 1777 n.21.\nIn addressing the exclusion of several veniremen in People v. Gaines (1981), 88 Ill. 2d 342, we said, “[W]e do not read Witherspoon as prescribing a set catechism, or as requiring a venireman", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Ill. 2d 342", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/0342_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "40b7ea40f6c20f9a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 39939, "end": 39953, "quote": "88 Ill. 2d 342", "context": "bing a set catechism, or as requiring a venireman to express himself with meticulous preciseness.” (88 Ill. 2d 342, 356.) We recognized the need to “consider the responses of the veniremen not in isolation but as a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Ill. 2d 342", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/0342_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de45bf481e8a11e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 40063, "end": 40077, "quote": "88 Ill. 2d 342", "context": " recognized the need to “consider the responses of the veniremen not in isolation but as a whole.” (88 Ill. 2d 342, 357.) Since the issue of guilt had been determined by the trial court, the only issue before prosp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Ill. 2d 342", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/0342_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ee400edb40c4c820", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 40553, "end": 40565, "quote": "391 U.S. 510", "context": " death penalty without regard to the evidence produced in the case. Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 522-23 n.21, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 785 n.21, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1777 n.21.\nThe State contends that the fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 U.S. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10d15c6d6d289ebc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 40580, "end": 40596, "quote": "20 L. Ed. 2d 776", "context": "rd to the evidence produced in the case. Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 522-23 n.21, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 785 n.21, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1777 n.21.\nThe State contends that the failure of defense counsel to obj", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 2d 776", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b8b08a70b470801c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 40608, "end": 40622, "quote": "88 S. Ct. 1770", "context": "in the case. Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 522-23 n.21, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 785 n.21, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1777 n.21.\nThe State contends that the failure of defense counsel to object to the exclusion of ei", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 1770", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ab4a90325765b57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 40929, "end": 40943, "quote": "60 Ill. 2d 117", "context": " not properly preserved for review where the evidence is closely balanced (People v. Howell (1975), 60 Ill. 2d 117, 121; People v. Pickett (1973), 54 Ill. 2d 280, 283), or if the error is of such a magnitude that t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 Ill. 2d 117", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_60/0117_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "41444bd77ab0f98b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 40976, "end": 40990, "quote": "54 Ill. 2d 280", "context": "idence is closely balanced (People v. Howell (1975), 60 Ill. 2d 117, 121; People v. Pickett (1973), 54 Ill. 2d 280, 283), or if the error is of such a magnitude that the accused is denied a fair and impartial trial", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 Ill. 2d 280", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_54/0280_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c1b213475976512c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 41119, "end": 41133, "quote": "56 Ill. 2d 187", "context": " such a magnitude that the accused is denied a fair and impartial trial (People v. Manzella (1973), 56 Ill. 2d 187, 195). We believe that the above traditional plain error rule is equally applicable to a sentencing", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 Ill. 2d 187", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_56/0187_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b1dda2a643a92411", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 41419, "end": 41433, "quote": "79 Ill. 2d 508", "context": "gument to be waived by the lack of a contemporaneous objection here. See People v. Brownell (1980), 79 Ill. 2d 508, 542.\nThe two prospective jurors that the defendant asserts were improperly excluded were veniremen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "79 Ill. 2d 508", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_79/0508_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1d117d8f58d3feea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 45052, "end": 45064, "quote": "391 U.S. 510", "context": " such a jury can speak only for a distinct and dwindling minority.” Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 520, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 784, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1776.\nMrs. Ivezich, unlike the venireman in Gaines (wh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 U.S. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66affdf75071fb1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 45071, "end": 45087, "quote": "20 L. Ed. 2d 776", "context": "eak only for a distinct and dwindling minority.” Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 520, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 784, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1776.\nMrs. Ivezich, unlike the venireman in Gaines (where we rejected the cha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 2d 776", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "db23e016c7ddcf12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 45094, "end": 45108, "quote": "88 S. Ct. 1770", "context": " and dwindling minority.” Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 520, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 784, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1776.\nMrs. Ivezich, unlike the venireman in Gaines (where we rejected the challenge to the exclusi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 1770", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae9c0949efc704ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 45782, "end": 45794, "quote": "391 U.S. 510", "context": "circumstances that might emerge in the course of the proceedings.” (Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 522-23 n.21, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 785 n.21, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1777 n.21.) She was improperly excused.\nI", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 U.S. 510", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f965dbcedbecded", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 45809, "end": 45825, "quote": "20 L. Ed. 2d 776", "context": "erge in the course of the proceedings.” (Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 522-23 n.21, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 785 n.21, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1777 n.21.) She was improperly excused.\nIn view of our conclusion regard", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 L. Ed. 2d 776", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9de9d32604573c5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 45837, "end": 45851, "quote": "88 S. Ct. 1770", "context": "oceedings.” (Witherspoon v. Illinois (1968), 391 U.S. 510, 522-23 n.21, 20 L. Ed. 2d 776, 785 n.21, 88 S. Ct. 1770, 1777 n.21.) She was improperly excused.\nIn view of our conclusion regarding the exclusion of Mrs. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 S. Ct. 1770", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3db1fd1dcbe061bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 46196, "end": 46208, "quote": "429 U.S. 122", "context": "reman requires the vacation of a death penalty returned by a chosen jury. (Davis v. Georgia (1976), 429 U.S. 122, 50 L. Ed. 2d 339, 97 S. Ct. 399.) On the basis of Witherspoon alone the death penalty must be vaca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "429 U.S. 122", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e3322b228d52eb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 46210, "end": 46226, "quote": "50 L. Ed. 2d 339", "context": " the vacation of a death penalty returned by a chosen jury. (Davis v. Georgia (1976), 429 U.S. 122, 50 L. Ed. 2d 339, 97 S. Ct. 399.) On the basis of Witherspoon alone the death penalty must be vacated.\nTHE PROSECUTO", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 L. Ed. 2d 339", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ebbcb9d01a02fa62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 46228, "end": 46241, "quote": "97 S. Ct. 399", "context": " death penalty returned by a chosen jury. (Davis v. Georgia (1976), 429 U.S. 122, 50 L. Ed. 2d 339, 97 S. Ct. 399.) On the basis of Witherspoon alone the death penalty must be vacated.\nTHE PROSECUTOR’S COMMENTS ON", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 399", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5964c6b659b8edb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 49418, "end": 49432, "quote": "74 Ill. 2d 444", "context": "silence to be used to impeach an explanation subsequently offered at trial. People v. Green (1979), 74 Ill. 2d 444, 449, 386 N.E.2d 272, 274; Doyle v. Ohio (1976), 426 U.S. 610, 617-18, 49 L. Ed. 2d 91, 97-98, 96 S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 Ill. 2d 444", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_74/0444_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "42c1691e05de8d3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 49439, "end": 49453, "quote": "386 N.E.2d 272", "context": " impeach an explanation subsequently offered at trial. People v. Green (1979), 74 Ill. 2d 444, 449, 386 N.E.2d 272, 274; Doyle v. Ohio (1976), 426 U.S. 610, 617-18, 49 L. Ed. 2d 91, 97-98, 96 S. Ct. 2240, 2244-45.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "386 N.E.2d 272", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "970db193d5671064", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 49482, "end": 49494, "quote": "426 U.S. 610", "context": "d at trial. People v. Green (1979), 74 Ill. 2d 444, 449, 386 N.E.2d 272, 274; Doyle v. Ohio (1976), 426 U.S. 610, 617-18, 49 L. Ed. 2d 91, 97-98, 96 S. Ct. 2240, 2244-45.\nThe State suggests that because the defen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "426 U.S. 610", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b1db466ab1d4888", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 49504, "end": 49519, "quote": "49 L. Ed. 2d 91", "context": "Green (1979), 74 Ill. 2d 444, 449, 386 N.E.2d 272, 274; Doyle v. Ohio (1976), 426 U.S. 610, 617-18, 49 L. Ed. 2d 91, 97-98, 96 S. Ct. 2240, 2244-45.\nThe State suggests that because the defendant signed a waiver of h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 L. Ed. 2d 91", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89db95265db5ff0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 49528, "end": 49542, "quote": "96 S. Ct. 2240", "context": " 444, 449, 386 N.E.2d 272, 274; Doyle v. Ohio (1976), 426 U.S. 610, 617-18, 49 L. Ed. 2d 91, 97-98, 96 S. Ct. 2240, 2244-45.\nThe State suggests that because the defendant signed a waiver of his Miranda rights befor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 2240", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "611affe9632186df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 49738, "end": 49750, "quote": "426 U.S. 610", "context": "efore he indicated that he did not want to talk and wanted to see his lawyer, Doyle v. Ohio (1976), 426 U.S. 610, 49 L. Ed. 2d 91, 96 S. Ct. 2240, does not apply. The State argues that Szabo spoke freely, when in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "426 U.S. 610", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb26a450dc16a6a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 49752, "end": 49767, "quote": "49 L. Ed. 2d 91", "context": "ated that he did not want to talk and wanted to see his lawyer, Doyle v. Ohio (1976), 426 U.S. 610, 49 L. Ed. 2d 91, 96 S. Ct. 2240, does not apply. The State argues that Szabo spoke freely, when in fact his respons", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 L. Ed. 2d 91", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a8a091ce674ef22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 49769, "end": 49783, "quote": "96 S. Ct. 2240", "context": "not want to talk and wanted to see his lawyer, Doyle v. Ohio (1976), 426 U.S. 610, 49 L. Ed. 2d 91, 96 S. Ct. 2240, does not apply. The State argues that Szabo spoke freely, when in fact his response to the officer", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "96 S. Ct. 2240", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d4f7c5b9ce7ac4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 50180, "end": 50194, "quote": "74 Ill. 2d 444", "context": "ed at trial with what he did not say to the police officers on February 3. (People v. Green (1979), 74 Ill. 2d 444 (nothing that the defendant said at the time of arrest permits cross-examination on his failure to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 Ill. 2d 444", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_74/0444_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "97bb5e64c96c1968", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 50563, "end": 50577, "quote": "74 Ill. 2d 514", "context": "t cannot be used to impeach exculpatory testimony of a defendant at trial. People v. Beller (1979), 74 Ill. 2d 514.\nWe reiterate that because the decision to invoke the death penalty is such a serious one, the Stat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 Ill. 2d 514", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_74/0514_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "553c32046035d31c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 50797, "end": 50809, "quote": "451 U.S. 454", "context": " the sentencing hearing to observe fundamental constitutional guarantees. (Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 462, 68 L. Ed. 2d 359, 368, 101 S. Ct. 1866, 1872.) Those guarantees include the fifth amendment g", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "451 U.S. 454", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a063a129571130e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 50816, "end": 50832, "quote": "68 L. Ed. 2d 359", "context": "ring to observe fundamental constitutional guarantees. (Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 462, 68 L. Ed. 2d 359, 368, 101 S. Ct. 1866, 1872.) Those guarantees include the fifth amendment guarantee of the right t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 L. Ed. 2d 359", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "546ea20ca625a072", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 50839, "end": 50854, "quote": "101 S. Ct. 1866", "context": "ntal constitutional guarantees. (Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 462, 68 L. Ed. 2d 359, 368, 101 S. Ct. 1866, 1872.) Those guarantees include the fifth amendment guarantee of the right to remain silent, and t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 1866", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8a43ed075ed238af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 51043, "end": 51053, "quote": "378 U.S. 1", "context": "lent, and the defendant cannot be penalized for exercising that right. (See Malloy v. Hogan (1964), 378 U.S. 1, 8, 12 L. Ed. 2d 653, 659, 84 S. Ct. 1489, 1493-94.) This is true whether it be at trial or at the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "378 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40740b57ad52bb78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 51058, "end": 51074, "quote": "12 L. Ed. 2d 653", "context": "efendant cannot be penalized for exercising that right. (See Malloy v. Hogan (1964), 378 U.S. 1, 8, 12 L. Ed. 2d 653, 659, 84 S. Ct. 1489, 1493-94.) This is true whether it be at trial or at the sentencing hearing.\nI", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 L. Ed. 2d 653", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da54193699f4bcfa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 51081, "end": 51095, "quote": "84 S. Ct. 1489", "context": "lized for exercising that right. (See Malloy v. Hogan (1964), 378 U.S. 1, 8, 12 L. Ed. 2d 653, 659, 84 S. Ct. 1489, 1493-94.) This is true whether it be at trial or at the sentencing hearing.\nIn Estelle v. Smith (1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 S. Ct. 1489", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7459813fb9fc5fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 51201, "end": 51213, "quote": "451 U.S. 454", "context": "-94.) This is true whether it be at trial or at the sentencing hearing.\nIn Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 68 L. Ed. 2d 359, 101 S. Ct. 1866, the United States Supreme Court examined testimony of a doctor ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "451 U.S. 454", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f93346059c2f808d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 51215, "end": 51231, "quote": "68 L. Ed. 2d 359", "context": "true whether it be at trial or at the sentencing hearing.\nIn Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 68 L. Ed. 2d 359, 101 S. Ct. 1866, the United States Supreme Court examined testimony of a doctor who had conducted ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 L. Ed. 2d 359", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10451c744142f354", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 51233, "end": 51248, "quote": "101 S. Ct. 1866", "context": " at trial or at the sentencing hearing.\nIn Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 68 L. Ed. 2d 359, 101 S. Ct. 1866, the United States Supreme Court examined testimony of a doctor who had conducted a pretrial psychi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 1866", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1cdaa29669321b70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 52148, "end": 52160, "quote": "367 U.S. 568", "context": "ot by the simple, cruel expedient of forcing it from his own lips.’ Culombe v. Connecticut [(1961), 367 U.S. 568, 581-82, 6 L. Ed. 2d 1037, 1046, 81 S. Ct. 1860, 1867] (opinion announcing the judgment) (emphasis ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "367 U.S. 568", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15cde4c06627c760", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 52170, "end": 52186, "quote": "6 L. Ed. 2d 1037", "context": "l expedient of forcing it from his own lips.’ Culombe v. Connecticut [(1961), 367 U.S. 568, 581-82, 6 L. Ed. 2d 1037, 1046, 81 S. Ct. 1860, 1867] (opinion announcing the judgment) (emphasis added). See also Murphy v.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "6 L. Ed. 2d 1037", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cd5118fbe19c5a9c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 52194, "end": 52208, "quote": "81 S. Ct. 1860", "context": "t from his own lips.’ Culombe v. Connecticut [(1961), 367 U.S. 568, 581-82, 6 L. Ed. 2d 1037, 1046, 81 S. Ct. 1860, 1867] (opinion announcing the judgment) (emphasis added). See also Murphy v. Waterfront [Com. (196", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 S. Ct. 1860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3098521cb5d4e35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 52312, "end": 52323, "quote": "378 U.S. 52", "context": "67] (opinion announcing the judgment) (emphasis added). See also Murphy v. Waterfront [Com. (1964), 378 U.S. 52, 55, 12 L. Ed. 2d 678, 681, 84 S. Ct. 1594, 1596-97]; E. Griswold, The Fifth Amendment Today 7 (195", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "378 U.S. 52", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4209f3841b1e714", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 52329, "end": 52345, "quote": "12 L. Ed. 2d 678", "context": "uncing the judgment) (emphasis added). See also Murphy v. Waterfront [Com. (1964), 378 U.S. 52, 55, 12 L. Ed. 2d 678, 681, 84 S. Ct. 1594, 1596-97]; E. Griswold, The Fifth Amendment Today 7 (1955).\nThe Court has held", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 L. Ed. 2d 678", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89f2d514d8364abb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 52352, "end": 52366, "quote": "84 S. Ct. 1594", "context": "mphasis added). See also Murphy v. Waterfront [Com. (1964), 378 U.S. 52, 55, 12 L. Ed. 2d 678, 681, 84 S. Ct. 1594, 1596-97]; E. Griswold, The Fifth Amendment Today 7 (1955).\nThe Court has held that ‘the availabili", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 S. Ct. 1594", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88ede46a972ecfe0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 52689, "end": 52699, "quote": "387 U.S. 1", "context": "n the nature of the statement or admission and the exposure which it invites.’ In re Gault [(1967), 387 U.S. 1, 49, 18 L. Ed. 2d 527, 558, 87 S. Ct. 1428, 1455]. In this case the ultimate penalty of death was a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "387 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c34b6ca15ce8a6e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 52705, "end": 52721, "quote": "18 L. Ed. 2d 527", "context": "the statement or admission and the exposure which it invites.’ In re Gault [(1967), 387 U.S. 1, 49, 18 L. Ed. 2d 527, 558, 87 S. Ct. 1428, 1455]. In this case the ultimate penalty of death was a potential consequence", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 L. Ed. 2d 527", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "242a88fbaef1c15a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 52728, "end": 52742, "quote": "87 S. Ct. 1428", "context": "ion and the exposure which it invites.’ In re Gault [(1967), 387 U.S. 1, 49, 18 L. Ed. 2d 527, 558, 87 S. Ct. 1428, 1455]. In this case the ultimate penalty of death was a potential consequence' of what respondent ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 S. Ct. 1428", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e3f8ad50c31e6b34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53033, "end": 53045, "quote": "367 U.S. 568", "context": "from being made ‘ “the deluded instrument of his own conviction,” ’ Culombe v. Connecticut [(1961), 367 U.S. 568, 581, 6 L. Ed. 2d 1037, 1045-46, 81 S. Ct. 1860, 1867] quoting 2 Hawkins, Pleas of the Crown 595 (8", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "367 U.S. 568", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "46e72b53a364dd03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53052, "end": 53068, "quote": "6 L. Ed. 2d 1037", "context": "the deluded instrument of his own conviction,” ’ Culombe v. Connecticut [(1961), 367 U.S. 568, 581, 6 L. Ed. 2d 1037, 1045-46, 81 S. Ct. 1860, 1867] quoting 2 Hawkins, Pleas of the Crown 595 (8th ed. 1824), it protec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "6 L. Ed. 2d 1037", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed4c183002f4b479", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53079, "end": 53093, "quote": "81 S. Ct. 1860", "context": "is own conviction,” ’ Culombe v. Connecticut [(1961), 367 U.S. 568, 581, 6 L. Ed. 2d 1037, 1045-46, 81 S. Ct. 1860, 1867] quoting 2 Hawkins, Pleas of the Crown 595 (8th ed. 1824), it protects him as well from being", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 S. Ct. 1860", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b3854cebf7035096", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53622, "end": 53633, "quote": "442 U.S. 95", "context": "d of the obligation to observe fundamental constitutional guarantees. See Green v. Georgia [(1979), 442 U.S. 95, 97, 60 L. Ed. 2d 738, 741, 99 S. Ct. 2150, 2151]; Presnell v. Georgia [(1978), 439 U.S. 14, 16, 58", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "442 U.S. 95", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbfb562ade11ccd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53639, "end": 53655, "quote": "60 L. Ed. 2d 738", "context": "on to observe fundamental constitutional guarantees. See Green v. Georgia [(1979), 442 U.S. 95, 97, 60 L. Ed. 2d 738, 741, 99 S. Ct. 2150, 2151]; Presnell v. Georgia [(1978), 439 U.S. 14, 16, 58 L. Ed. 2d 207, 211, 9", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 L. Ed. 2d 738", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28a3b8e435f69661", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53662, "end": 53676, "quote": "99 S. Ct. 2150", "context": "al constitutional guarantees. See Green v. Georgia [(1979), 442 U.S. 95, 97, 60 L. Ed. 2d 738, 741, 99 S. Ct. 2150, 2151]; Presnell v. Georgia [(1978), 439 U.S. 14, 16, 58 L. Ed. 2d 207, 211, 99 S. Ct. 235, 236-37]", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 2150", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b5ac0d5821385e14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53714, "end": 53725, "quote": "439 U.S. 14", "context": "(1979), 442 U.S. 95, 97, 60 L. Ed. 2d 738, 741, 99 S. Ct. 2150, 2151]; Presnell v. Georgia [(1978), 439 U.S. 14, 16, 58 L. Ed. 2d 207, 211, 99 S. Ct. 235, 236-37]; Gardner v. Florida [(1977), 430 U.S. 349, 357-5", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "439 U.S. 14", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8fa0f08a4b4d87bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53731, "end": 53747, "quote": "58 L. Ed. 2d 207", "context": "95, 97, 60 L. Ed. 2d 738, 741, 99 S. Ct. 2150, 2151]; Presnell v. Georgia [(1978), 439 U.S. 14, 16, 58 L. Ed. 2d 207, 211, 99 S. Ct. 235, 236-37]; Gardner v. Florida [(1977), 430 U.S. 349, 357-58, 51 L. Ed. 2d 393, 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 L. Ed. 2d 207", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87ec428073325ec3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53754, "end": 53767, "quote": "99 S. Ct. 235", "context": "8, 741, 99 S. Ct. 2150, 2151]; Presnell v. Georgia [(1978), 439 U.S. 14, 16, 58 L. Ed. 2d 207, 211, 99 S. Ct. 235, 236-37]; Gardner v. Florida [(1977), 430 U.S. 349, 357-58, 51 L. Ed. 2d 393, 402, 97 S. Ct. 1197, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 235", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ee433389f67d1c32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53806, "end": 53818, "quote": "430 U.S. 349", "context": "(1978), 439 U.S. 14, 16, 58 L. Ed. 2d 207, 211, 99 S. Ct. 235, 236-37]; Gardner v. Florida [(1977), 430 U.S. 349, 357-58, 51 L. Ed. 2d 393, 402, 97 S. Ct. 1197, 1204] (plurality opinion).” Estelle v. Smith (1981)", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "430 U.S. 349", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5ad7faddf34aa2d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53828, "end": 53844, "quote": "51 L. Ed. 2d 393", "context": "6, 58 L. Ed. 2d 207, 211, 99 S. Ct. 235, 236-37]; Gardner v. Florida [(1977), 430 U.S. 349, 357-58, 51 L. Ed. 2d 393, 402, 97 S. Ct. 1197, 1204] (plurality opinion).” Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 462-63, 68", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 L. Ed. 2d 393", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13c1b8d4ab4f6969", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53851, "end": 53865, "quote": "97 S. Ct. 1197", "context": "1, 99 S. Ct. 235, 236-37]; Gardner v. Florida [(1977), 430 U.S. 349, 357-58, 51 L. Ed. 2d 393, 402, 97 S. Ct. 1197, 1204] (plurality opinion).” Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 462-63, 68 L. Ed. 2d 359, 368-6", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 1197", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "28f7dce19a69a38f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53920, "end": 53932, "quote": "451 U.S. 454", "context": "357-58, 51 L. Ed. 2d 393, 402, 97 S. Ct. 1197, 1204] (plurality opinion).” Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 462-63, 68 L. Ed. 2d 359, 368-69, 101 S. Ct. 1866, 1872-73.\nIt would have been fundamentally unfai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "451 U.S. 454", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4e538093c71c60b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53942, "end": 53958, "quote": "68 L. Ed. 2d 359", "context": "93, 402, 97 S. Ct. 1197, 1204] (plurality opinion).” Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 462-63, 68 L. Ed. 2d 359, 368-69, 101 S. Ct. 1866, 1872-73.\nIt would have been fundamentally unfair to impeach Szabo at tria", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 L. Ed. 2d 359", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "989f05f7cedac809", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 53968, "end": 53983, "quote": "101 S. Ct. 1866", "context": "204] (plurality opinion).” Estelle v. Smith (1981), 451 U.S. 454, 462-63, 68 L. Ed. 2d 359, 368-69, 101 S. Ct. 1866, 1872-73.\nIt would have been fundamentally unfair to impeach Szabo at trial in the manner in which ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 1866", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb975f1832c644c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 54996, "end": 55008, "quote": "73 Ill. 2d 7", "context": "ly affected substantial rights of the defendant (see 73 Ill. 2d R. 615(a); People v. Precup (1978), 73 Ill. 2d 7).\nEXCLUSION OF POLYGRAPH RESULTS\nWhile Szabo recognizes that this court has banned the use of polyg", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 Ill. 2d 7", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76ac0274e224d5a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 55189, "end": 55203, "quote": "88 Ill. 2d 225", "context": "ed the use of polygraph results at a criminal trial, stipulated to or not (People v. Baynes (1981), 88 Ill. 2d 225), he submits that the results of the polygraph examinations taken by himself and Leatherman were su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Ill. 2d 225", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/0225_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "812c83594869c690", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 56457, "end": 56471, "quote": "88 Ill. 2d 225", "context": " concluded therefore that “the [polygraph] evidence was wrongly admitted.” People v. Baynes (1981), 88 Ill. 2d 225, 244-45.\nThe reasons we articulated in rejecting the admission of polygraph evidence at trial are a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Ill. 2d 225", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/0225_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6c81b1e098e2c902", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 58555, "end": 58569, "quote": "29 Ill. 2d 511", "context": "utor was not in evidence and could not properly be referred to in argument (People v. Beier (1963), 29 Ill. 2d 511, 517), the comments injected into the sentencing proceedings considerations that have no bearing on", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 Ill. 2d 511", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_29/0511_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f83b7b0d99bb998", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 59057, "end": 59071, "quote": "91 Ill. 2d 502", "context": "e and focus it upon an extraneous consideration. In our recent decision in People v. Walker (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 502, 513-17, we held improper a prosecutor’s reference to the possibility that the defendant might, if ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Ill. 2d 502", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_91/0502_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3dbcf6fb964dea43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 59442, "end": 59456, "quote": "91 Ill. 2d 502", "context": "e place in the sentencing determination than the “speculative possibility” of parole did in Walker. 91 Ill. 2d 502, 515.\nThe remarks quoted above not only injected extraneous considerations into the sentencing proc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Ill. 2d 502", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_91/0502_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "57a5a14a17dfa8cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 59920, "end": 59934, "quote": "93 Ill. 2d 326", "context": "es a strong emotional response on the part of the jury. In our decisions in People v. Devin (1982), 93 Ill. 2d 326, and People v. Jones (1982), 94 Ill. 2d 275, we discussed at lengt\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 Ill. 2d 326", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_93/0326_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cc98319432257dd9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-2d/volume_94/0327_01/index.html", "start": 59964, "end": 59978, "quote": "94 Ill. 2d 275", "context": "f the jury. In our decisions in People v. Devin (1982), 93 Ill. 2d 326, and People v. Jones (1982), 94 Ill. 2d 275, we discussed at lengt\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 Ill. 2d 275", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0275_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e6367403a21a60ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 8059, "end": 8062, "quote": "§ 1", "context": "s an equitable title and may compel a conveyance.\nFrom the language of texts (44 C. J. S. Insurance § 1 (p. 472), § 14 (p. 477 et seq.); 45 C. J. S. Insurance § 915 (p. 1010); Richards on Insurance, 5th ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ee29d5739293719", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 8073, "end": 8077, "quote": "§ 14", "context": " title and may compel a conveyance.\nFrom the language of texts (44 C. J. S. Insurance § 1 (p. 472), § 14 (p. 477 et seq.); 45 C. J. S. Insurance § 915 (p. 1010); Richards on Insurance, 5th ed., 1952, vol.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ead4566051ccae31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 8118, "end": 8123, "quote": "§ 915", "context": "language of texts (44 C. J. S. Insurance § 1 (p. 472), § 14 (p. 477 et seq.); 45 C. J. S. Insurance § 915 (p. 1010); Richards on Insurance, 5th ed., 1952, vol. I, sec. 152 (p. 574); Appleman’s Insurance La", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40cf43d2063a5b70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 8348, "end": 8360, "quote": "329 Ill. 158", "context": "sec. 2107 (p. 10)), decisions in this State (Mack v. Liverpool and London and Globe Ins. Co., Ltd., 329 Ill. 158; Le Doux v. Dettmering, 316 Ill. App. 98; Patterson v. Durand Farmer’s Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 303 Ill.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "329 Ill. 158", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_329/0158_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a457490be3454add", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 8385, "end": 8401, "quote": "316 Ill. App. 98", "context": " State (Mack v. Liverpool and London and Globe Ins. Co., Ltd., 329 Ill. 158; Le Doux v. Dettmering, 316 Ill. App. 98; Patterson v. Durand Farmer’s Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 303 Ill. App. 128), and elsewhere (Draper v. Dela", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "316 Ill. App. 98", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app/volume_316/0098_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "73a86dc88acbb9e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 8452, "end": 8469, "quote": "303 Ill. App. 128", "context": "Ill. 158; Le Doux v. Dettmering, 316 Ill. App. 98; Patterson v. Durand Farmer’s Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 303 Ill. App. 128), and elsewhere (Draper v. Delaware State Grange Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 28 Del. 143, 5 Boyce 143, 91 A", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "303 Ill. App. 128", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app/volume_303/0128_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb2b20d68fe11230", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 8539, "end": 8550, "quote": "28 Del. 143", "context": "re Ins. Co., 303 Ill. App. 128), and elsewhere (Draper v. Delaware State Grange Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 28 Del. 143, 5 Boyce 143, 91 Atl. 206), it appears that insurance is personal and that indemnification of the i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "28 Del. 143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6bb71f0cd7c8657", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 8552, "end": 8563, "quote": "5 Boyce 143", "context": "303 Ill. App. 128), and elsewhere (Draper v. Delaware State Grange Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 28 Del. 143, 5 Boyce 143, 91 Atl. 206), it appears that insurance is personal and that indemnification of the insured is the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 Boyce 143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f99fd69c594637aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 8565, "end": 8576, "quote": "91 Atl. 206", "context": " 128), and elsewhere (Draper v. Delaware State Grange Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 28 Del. 143, 5 Boyce 143, 91 Atl. 206), it appears that insurance is personal and that indemnification of the insured is the goal to be a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 A. 206", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5bd59a995520920", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10248, "end": 10258, "quote": "361 Pa. 68", "context": "ntiff cites and quotes at length from two cases (Dubin Paper Co. v. Insurance Co. of North America, 361 Pa. 68, 63 A.2d 85, and Milwaukee Mechanics Ins. Co. v. Maples (Ala. 1953), 66 So.2d 159) wherein, on simi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "361 Pa. 68", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d98c29f1c30d2307", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10260, "end": 10270, "quote": "63 A.2d 85", "context": "and quotes at length from two cases (Dubin Paper Co. v. Insurance Co. of North America, 361 Pa. 68, 63 A.2d 85, and Milwaukee Mechanics Ins. Co. v. Maples (Ala. 1953), 66 So.2d 159) wherein, on similar facts, t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 A.2d 85", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd70c2926dc7891b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 10328, "end": 10340, "quote": "66 So.2d 159", "context": ". of North America, 361 Pa. 68, 63 A.2d 85, and Milwaukee Mechanics Ins. Co. v. Maples (Ala. 1953), 66 So.2d 159) wherein, on similar facts, the courts adopted the rationale of plaintiff’s position in this procee", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 So. 2d 159", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "afd0afb0725fdf66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 11876, "end": 11886, "quote": "21 Pa. 513", "context": "ejected this contention and in support of its position cited State Mut. Fire Ins. Co. v. Updegraff, 21 Pa. 513, and Reed v. Lukens, 44 Pa. 200, 84 Am. Dec. 425. The insurance policies in the Dubin Paper Company", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 Pa. 513", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c05b26b8b365009a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 11908, "end": 11918, "quote": "44 Pa. 200", "context": "upport of its position cited State Mut. Fire Ins. Co. v. Updegraff, 21 Pa. 513, and Reed v. Lukens, 44 Pa. 200, 84 Am. Dec. 425. The insurance policies in the Dubin Paper Company case contained substantially th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 Pa. 200", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31b5cfc321c635aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 11920, "end": 11935, "quote": "84 Am. Dec. 425", "context": "s position cited State Mut. Fire Ins. Co. v. Updegraff, 21 Pa. 513, and Reed v. Lukens, 44 Pa. 200, 84 Am. Dec. 425. The insurance policies in the Dubin Paper Company case contained substantially the same provisions", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 Am. Dec. 425", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "474740cda8a19c58", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 16808, "end": 16814, "quote": "supra;", "context": "red and to which appellant was in no wise privy. Dubin Paper Co. v. Insurance Co. of North America, supra; Heidisch v. Globe & Republic Ins. Co., supra [368 Pa. 602, 84 A2d 566].”\nWe think that the rational", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2bf01311ff34c6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 16854, "end": 16859, "quote": "supra", "context": "y. Dubin Paper Co. v. Insurance Co. of North America, supra; Heidisch v. Globe & Republic Ins. Co., supra [368 Pa. 602, 84 A2d 566].”\nWe think that the rationale of the courts in those cases is sound and p", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "68b83806b0f564a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 16861, "end": 16872, "quote": "368 Pa. 602", "context": "n Paper Co. v. Insurance Co. of North America, supra; Heidisch v. Globe & Republic Ins. Co., supra [368 Pa. 602, 84 A2d 566].”\nWe think that the rationale of the courts in those cases is sound and precisely appl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 Pa. 602", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "311d51c40ef2dd67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_17/0159_01/index.html", "start": 16874, "end": 16884, "quote": "84 A2d 566", "context": ". Insurance Co. of North America, supra; Heidisch v. Globe & Republic Ins. Co., supra [368 Pa. 602, 84 A2d 566].”\nWe think that the rationale of the courts in those cases is sound and precisely applicable to th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 A.2d 566", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84e15e6b428c1099", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 903, "end": 915, "quote": "section 16-1", "context": "a sentence to the penitentiary are incorrect.\nThe defendant was indicted, tried and convicted under section 16-1 of the Criminal Code of 1961 which in relevant part is as follows:\n“Theft.\nA person commits theft w", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90bf9fff1104f57d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 1791, "end": 1798, "quote": "§ 16-1.", "context": "0 in value shall be imprisoned in the penitentiary from one to 10 years.” Ill Rev Stats 1963, c 38, § 16-1.\nThe defendant is correct in his contention that this statute does not create a separate offense cal", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d0a50ce5cb5e6ac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 1999, "end": 2011, "quote": "Section 16-1", "context": "ed “theft from the person,” but he is incorrect in his contention that he was improperly sentenced.\nSection 16-1 describes the offense of theft only—and this was the precise purpose of the legislature in enacting", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6d4c566fab6c12d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 2727, "end": 2739, "quote": "Section 16-1", "context": "h were individually defined and prohibited in the code of 1874 and in its amendments and additions.\nSection 16-1 defines the two elements necessary to constitute a theft: a proscribed act and the requisite intent", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a6e98c29c32e312", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 3162, "end": 3173, "quote": "section 1-3", "context": "pass all forms of theft including purse-snatching and pocket-picking, and it does not conflict with section 1-3 of the Criminal Code of 1961 upon which the defendant relies and it does not contravene People v. R", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "baddcd28e80b82c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 3295, "end": 3306, "quote": "24 NE2d 376", "context": "of 1961 upon which the defendant relies and it does not contravene People v. Robinson, 372 Ill 503, 24 NE2d 376 (1939), which the defendant cites. Section 1-3 provides: “No conduct constitutes an offense unless ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 N.E.2d 376", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a41b69455a6a03d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 3342, "end": 3353, "quote": "Section 1-3", "context": "does not contravene People v. Robinson, 372 Ill 503, 24 NE2d 376 (1939), which the defendant cites. Section 1-3 provides: “No conduct constitutes an offense unless it is described as an offense in this Code or i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01addac6b80d6ca9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 3862, "end": 3874, "quote": "section 16-1", "context": "he defendant argues, attempt to create the crime of theft from the person in the penalty portion of section 16-1 rather than in the descriptive portion. The penalty portion merely makes distinctions between diffe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e8eb60fb657b8a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 4650, "end": 4661, "quote": "13 NE2d 278", "context": " are proscribed and what conduct will make them liable to punishment. People v. Green, 368 Ill 242, 13 NE2d 278 (1938); People v. Gill, 30 Ill App2d 32, 173 NE2d 568 (1961). The language of section 16-1 meets th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 N.E.2d 278", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1984f97bba1dc1b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 4703, "end": 4715, "quote": "173 NE2d 568", "context": "e to punishment. People v. Green, 368 Ill 242, 13 NE2d 278 (1938); People v. Gill, 30 Ill App2d 32, 173 NE2d 568 (1961). The language of section 16-1 meets this test. Theft is explicitly described and the penalti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "173 N.E.2d 568", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1559daf9d0ae4b9b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 4740, "end": 4752, "quote": "section 16-1", "context": " Ill 242, 13 NE2d 278 (1938); People v. Gill, 30 Ill App2d 32, 173 NE2d 568 (1961). The language of section 16-1 meets this test. Theft is explicitly described and the penalties for the offense are clearly set fo", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3bb00e189c3d2f77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 4953, "end": 4965, "quote": "section 2-15", "context": "th.\nThe defendant further argues that the words “theft from the person” are ambiguous because under section 2-15 of the Criminal Code such a theft could be from a corporation as well as from an individual. Sectio", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69d02460b5efdf4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 5059, "end": 5071, "quote": "Section 2-15", "context": "n 2-15 of the Criminal Code such a theft could be from a corporation as well as from an individual. Section 2-15 states: “ ‘Person’ means an individual, public or private corporation, government, partnership or u", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a558ed7c6c6abd44", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 5306, "end": 5318, "quote": "section 16-1", "context": " Stats 1963, ch 38, sec 2-15. We believe the meaning of the word “person” as used in the context of section 16-1 and in the indictment in the present case is unmistakable and that everyone would understand that i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b6054254ad96fb6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 5663, "end": 5674, "quote": "90 NE2d 224", "context": " must be construed in context to determine its meaning. People ex rel. Roan v. Wilson, 405 Ill 122, 90 NE2d 224 (1950); 2 Sutherland, Statutory Construction § 4703 (3rd Ed 1943). A word which appears more than o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 N.E.2d 224", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b994ece93289e3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 5720, "end": 5726, "quote": "§ 4703", "context": "eople ex rel. Roan v. Wilson, 405 Ill 122, 90 NE2d 224 (1950); 2 Sutherland, Statutory Construction § 4703 (3rd Ed 1943). A word which appears more than once in a statute is presumed to have been used with ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9aaebfa990746db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 5973, "end": 5983, "quote": "195 NE 607", "context": "n that a different meaning was intended. Moweaqua Coal Corp. v. Industrial Commission, 360 Ill 194, 195 NE 607 (1935). Applying this rule of construction to the provision of section 16-1 that “a person convicte", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "195 N.E. 607", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d65fcf8e6b7f2047", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 6047, "end": 6059, "quote": "section 16-1", "context": " Commission, 360 Ill 194, 195 NE 607 (1935). Applying this rule of construction to the provision of section 16-1 that “a person convicted of theft of property from the person . . . shall be imprisoned . . .” expl", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dcd45047ff0d576b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-2d/volume_66/0276_01/index.html", "start": 6335, "end": 6340, "quote": "§ 1-7", "context": "ficial entity is the one capable of and threatened with imprisonment (Ill Rev Stats 1963, c 38, sub § 1-7 (h), (i)) the word “person” must be restricted to meaning an individual each time it is used in tha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "baf9e4dbf0b78702", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 12773, "end": 12788, "quote": "101 Ill. 2d 128", "context": "ot have been discovered prior to trial by the exercise of due diligence. (People v. Molstad (1984), 101 Ill. 2d 128, 461 N.E.2d 398; People v. Baker (1959), 16 Ill. 2d 364, 158 N.E.2d 1.) A motion for a new trial on", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 Ill. 2d 128", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_101/0128_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cdb0b68b71bea092", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 12790, "end": 12804, "quote": "461 N.E.2d 398", "context": "overed prior to trial by the exercise of due diligence. (People v. Molstad (1984), 101 Ill. 2d 128, 461 N.E.2d 398; People v. Baker (1959), 16 Ill. 2d 364, 158 N.E.2d 1.) A motion for a new trial on the ground of n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "461 N.E.2d 398", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1fd25689413b1f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 12830, "end": 12844, "quote": "16 Ill. 2d 364", "context": " due diligence. (People v. Molstad (1984), 101 Ill. 2d 128, 461 N.E.2d 398; People v. Baker (1959), 16 Ill. 2d 364, 158 N.E.2d 1.) A motion for a new trial on the ground of newly discovered evidence is addressed to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 Ill. 2d 364", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_16/0364_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e6e88b244520409", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 12846, "end": 12858, "quote": "158 N.E.2d 1", "context": "(People v. Molstad (1984), 101 Ill. 2d 128, 461 N.E.2d 398; People v. Baker (1959), 16 Ill. 2d 364, 158 N.E.2d 1.) A motion for a new trial on the ground of newly discovered evidence is addressed to the discretio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "158 N.E.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87a3bb09cf589613", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 13093, "end": 13107, "quote": "16 Ill. 2d 364", "context": "reof will not be disturbed in the absence of a showing of an abuse of discretion. (People v. Baker, 16 Ill. 2d 364, 158 N.E.2d 1.) We find that here, the trial court abused its discretion. Each part of the test has", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 Ill. 2d 364", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_16/0364_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5384a766f6ee317f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 13109, "end": 13121, "quote": "158 N.E.2d 1", "context": " disturbed in the absence of a showing of an abuse of discretion. (People v. Baker, 16 Ill. 2d 364, 158 N.E.2d 1.) We find that here, the trial court abused its discretion. Each part of the test has been satisfie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "158 N.E.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b7bae07cfde914c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16080, "end": 16095, "quote": "115 Ill. 2d 510", "context": "the evidence at the first trial was sufficient to sustain the conviction. (People v. Brooks (1987), 115 Ill. 2d 510, 505 N.E.2d 336; People v. Taylor (1979), 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery (1989), 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "115 Ill. 2d 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_115/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fbccbdfc93a02012", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16097, "end": 16111, "quote": "505 N.E.2d 336", "context": "he first trial was sufficient to sustain the conviction. (People v. Brooks (1987), 115 Ill. 2d 510, 505 N.E.2d 336; People v. Taylor (1979), 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery (1989), 180 Ill. App. 3d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "505 N.E.2d 336", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05da686315e8e141", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16138, "end": 16152, "quote": "76 Ill. 2d 289", "context": "the conviction. (People v. Brooks (1987), 115 Ill. 2d 510, 505 N.E.2d 336; People v. Taylor (1979), 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery (1989), 180 Ill. App. 3d 146, 534 N.E.2d 1296.) Double jeopardy is", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 Ill. 2d 289", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_76/0289_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "35d9b8fea5a986fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16154, "end": 16168, "quote": "391 N.E.2d 366", "context": "(People v. Brooks (1987), 115 Ill. 2d 510, 505 N.E.2d 336; People v. Taylor (1979), 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery (1989), 180 Ill. App. 3d 146, 534 N.E.2d 1296.) Double jeopardy is not a bar where", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 N.E.2d 366", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94cfae2495b579d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16194, "end": 16214, "quote": "180 Ill. App. 3d 146", "context": "0, 505 N.E.2d 336; People v. Taylor (1979), 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery (1989), 180 Ill. App. 3d 146, 534 N.E.2d 1296.) Double jeopardy is not a bar where, as here, reversal is the result of trial err", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "180 Ill. App. 3d 146", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_180/0146_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a0f5d33b66c3b721", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16216, "end": 16231, "quote": "534 N.E.2d 1296", "context": "ple v. Taylor (1979), 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery (1989), 180 Ill. App. 3d 146, 534 N.E.2d 1296.) Double jeopardy is not a bar where, as here, reversal is the result of trial error. Burks v. Unit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "534 N.E.2d 1296", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5e4079d86deee00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16349, "end": 16359, "quote": "437 U.S. 1", "context": " is not a bar where, as here, reversal is the result of trial error. Burks v. United States (1978), 437 U.S. 1, 57 L. Ed. 2d 1, 98 S. Ct. 2141; People v. Stofer (1989), 180 Ill. App. 3d 158, 534 N.E.2d 1287.\nA ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "437 U.S. 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04b9c15c4b2878c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16361, "end": 16375, "quote": "57 L. Ed. 2d 1", "context": "r where, as here, reversal is the result of trial error. Burks v. United States (1978), 437 U.S. 1, 57 L. Ed. 2d 1, 98 S. Ct. 2141; People v. Stofer (1989), 180 Ill. App. 3d 158, 534 N.E.2d 1287.\nA reversal based o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 L. Ed. 2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "66a406dcdd935227", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16377, "end": 16391, "quote": "98 S. Ct. 2141", "context": ", reversal is the result of trial error. Burks v. United States (1978), 437 U.S. 1, 57 L. Ed. 2d 1, 98 S. Ct. 2141; People v. Stofer (1989), 180 Ill. App. 3d 158, 534 N.E.2d 1287.\nA reversal based on certain trial ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 2141", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4d40b2eb80c28e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16418, "end": 16438, "quote": "180 Ill. App. 3d 158", "context": "Burks v. United States (1978), 437 U.S. 1, 57 L. Ed. 2d 1, 98 S. Ct. 2141; People v. Stofer (1989), 180 Ill. App. 3d 158, 534 N.E.2d 1287.\nA reversal based on certain trial errors implies nothing with respect to a defend", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "180 Ill. App. 3d 158", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_180/0158_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68844c57e4e40874", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16440, "end": 16455, "quote": "534 N.E.2d 1287", "context": " (1978), 437 U.S. 1, 57 L. Ed. 2d 1, 98 S. Ct. 2141; People v. Stofer (1989), 180 Ill. App. 3d 158, 534 N.E.2d 1287.\nA reversal based on certain trial errors implies nothing with respect to a defendant’s guilt, but ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "534 N.E.2d 1287", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ad385dec87b602f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16698, "end": 16709, "quote": "488 U.S. 33", "context": "ough a judicial process which is defective in some fundamental respect. (Lockhart v. Nelson (1988), 488 U.S. 33, 102 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Taylor, 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Ave", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 U.S. 33", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "35c226bd8f9085f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16711, "end": 16728, "quote": "102 L. Ed. 2d 265", "context": "al process which is defective in some fundamental respect. (Lockhart v. Nelson (1988), 488 U.S. 33, 102 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Taylor, 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery, 180 Ill. App. 3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f0a12a3647e4263", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16730, "end": 16744, "quote": "109 S. Ct. 285", "context": " defective in some fundamental respect. (Lockhart v. Nelson (1988), 488 U.S. 33, 102 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Taylor, 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery, 180 Ill. App. 3d 146, 534 N.E.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 285", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b5ebbf62a15f0c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16764, "end": 16778, "quote": "76 Ill. 2d 289", "context": "pect. (Lockhart v. Nelson (1988), 488 U.S. 33, 102 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Taylor, 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery, 180 Ill. App. 3d 146, 534 N.E.2d 1296.) All evidence submitted at", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 Ill. 2d 289", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_76/0289_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b8ee8f9b4b4b3f90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16780, "end": 16794, "quote": "391 N.E.2d 366", "context": "v. Nelson (1988), 488 U.S. 33, 102 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Taylor, 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery, 180 Ill. App. 3d 146, 534 N.E.2d 1296.) All evidence submitted at the original tr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 N.E.2d 366", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9da8e023457134d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16813, "end": 16833, "quote": "180 Ill. App. 3d 146", "context": "2 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Taylor, 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery, 180 Ill. App. 3d 146, 534 N.E.2d 1296.) All evidence submitted at the original trial may be considered in determining th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "180 Ill. App. 3d 146", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_180/0146_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3e9eeb7fa95c91a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 16835, "end": 16850, "quote": "534 N.E.2d 1296", "context": ". Ct. 285; People v. Taylor, 76 Ill. 2d 289, 391 N.E.2d 366; People v. Avery, 180 Ill. App. 3d 146, 534 N.E.2d 1296.) All evidence submitted at the original trial may be considered in determining the sufficiency que", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "534 N.E.2d 1296", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fdc6a78965b52271", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 17006, "end": 17017, "quote": "488 U.S. 33", "context": "onsidered in determining the sufficiency question for double jeopardy purposes. Lockhart v. Nelson, 488 U.S. 33, 102 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Stofer, 180 Ill. App. 3d 158, 534 N.E.2d 1287.\nIn vie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 U.S. 33", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f199bb3530223fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 17019, "end": 17036, "quote": "102 L. Ed. 2d 265", "context": "determining the sufficiency question for double jeopardy purposes. Lockhart v. Nelson, 488 U.S. 33, 102 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Stofer, 180 Ill. App. 3d 158, 534 N.E.2d 1287.\nIn view of all of the com", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 L. Ed. 2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ecf3160a2de96f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 17038, "end": 17052, "quote": "109 S. Ct. 285", "context": "ficiency question for double jeopardy purposes. Lockhart v. Nelson, 488 U.S. 33, 102 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Stofer, 180 Ill. App. 3d 158, 534 N.E.2d 1287.\nIn view of all of the competent evidence ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 285", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10bab64f05930f11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 17072, "end": 17092, "quote": "180 Ill. App. 3d 158", "context": "rdy purposes. Lockhart v. Nelson, 488 U.S. 33, 102 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Stofer, 180 Ill. App. 3d 158, 534 N.E.2d 1287.\nIn view of all of the competent evidence presented at trial, we find there is suf", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "180 Ill. App. 3d 158", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_180/0158_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1a92f01493ea93e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_201/0223_01/index.html", "start": 17094, "end": 17109, "quote": "534 N.E.2d 1287", "context": " v. Nelson, 488 U.S. 33, 102 L. Ed. 2d 265, 109 S. Ct. 285; People v. Stofer, 180 Ill. App. 3d 158, 534 N.E.2d 1287.\nIn view of all of the competent evidence presented at trial, we find there is sufficient evidence ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "534 N.E.2d 1287", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37afc2981dd11062", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_22/0854_01/index.html", "start": 6111, "end": 6128, "quote": "3 Ill.App.3d 1022", "context": "is being tried, even when the jury is instructed to disregard the comment. (People v. Brown (1972), 3 Ill.App.3d 1022.) In no event may a prosecutor comment on facts which are not in evidence, nor may he inject into t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 Ill. App. 3d 1022", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_3/1022_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "47500aaf633633e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_22/0854_01/index.html", "start": 6330, "end": 6342, "quote": "8 Ill.2d 510", "context": " case, in argument or otherwise, extraneous and inflammatory material. (People v. Donaldson (1956), 8 Ill.2d 510.) Although the jury was instructed by the court to disregard the word “criminal,” the prejudicial e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 Ill. 2d 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_8/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5c0f74fba787965a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_22/0854_01/index.html", "start": 6526, "end": 6538, "quote": "357 Ill. 634", "context": "he prejudicial effect of the statement could not be eradicated. As stated in People v. Deal (1934), 357 Ill. 634, the prejudicial effect of an improper statement may not always be wiped from the minds of the juro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "357 Ill. 634", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_357/0634_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "62c0f3c469a4e4b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_22/0854_01/index.html", "start": 6986, "end": 7004, "quote": "124 Ill.App.2d 415", "context": "y to state his own individual opinion or belief of the defendant’s guilt. People v. Hopkins (1970), 124 Ill.App.2d 415.\nThe defendant secondly contends the State’s comment on the defendant’s failure to produce certain ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 Ill. App. 2d 415", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-app-2d/volume_124/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "92c982010d86c1a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_22/0854_01/index.html", "start": 8704, "end": 8720, "quote": "9 Ill.App.3d 231", "context": "s failure to call witnesses on his own behalf is improper and prejudicial. (People v. Moore (1972), 9 Ill.App.3d 231.) The comment by the State on defendant’s failure to produce alibi witnesses, when combined with th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 Ill. App. 3d 231", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_9/0231_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f032f3353a92444c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_22/0854_01/index.html", "start": 9631, "end": 9644, "quote": "51 Ill.2d 471", "context": " connected with the taking of the statements or explain their absence. (People v. Armstrong (1972), 51 Ill.2d 471.) In Armstrong, as in the case at bar, the State failed to produce an interrogating officer and exp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 Ill. 2d 471", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_51/0471_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "588f460237a0b97d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_22/0854_01/index.html", "start": 10025, "end": 10037, "quote": "24 Ill.2d 88", "context": " to the making of the statements or explaining their absence. As stated in People v. Wright (1962), 24 Ill.2d 88, 92, “[t]he burden of proving that a confession is voluntary is one which the State must assume whe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 Ill. 2d 88", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_24/0088_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "25937a804b9aade6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 22670, "end": 22684, "quote": "68 Ill. 2d 158", "context": "rstanding of the individual being questioned at the time he is detained. (People v. Wipfler (1977), 68 Ill. 2d 158, 368 N.E.2d 870; People v. Johnson (1989), 187 Ill. App. 3d 756, 544 N.E.2d 392.) In assessing the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 Ill. 2d 158", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_68/0158_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b2aaa6a57f3a8d48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 22686, "end": 22700, "quote": "368 N.E.2d 870", "context": " individual being questioned at the time he is detained. (People v. Wipfler (1977), 68 Ill. 2d 158, 368 N.E.2d 870; People v. Johnson (1989), 187 Ill. App. 3d 756, 544 N.E.2d 392.) In assessing the officer’s intent", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 N.E.2d 870", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2b4e32bd9fa79f6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 22728, "end": 22748, "quote": "187 Ill. App. 3d 756", "context": "e is detained. (People v. Wipfler (1977), 68 Ill. 2d 158, 368 N.E.2d 870; People v. Johnson (1989), 187 Ill. App. 3d 756, 544 N.E.2d 392.) In assessing the officer’s intent, the court will consider whether there was any ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "187 Ill. App. 3d 756", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_187/0756_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d8799a33187ef530", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 22750, "end": 22764, "quote": "544 N.E.2d 392", "context": " v. Wipfler (1977), 68 Ill. 2d 158, 368 N.E.2d 870; People v. Johnson (1989), 187 Ill. App. 3d 756, 544 N.E.2d 392.) In assessing the officer’s intent, the court will consider whether there was any formal declarati", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "544 N.E.2d 392", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d63d681af8e7c860", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 23039, "end": 23062, "quote": "187 Ill. App. 3d at 769", "context": " were present, such as searching, booking, handcuffing, fingerprinting and photographing. (Johnson, 187 Ill. App. 3d at 769, 544 N.E.2d at 400.) In assessing the understanding of the individual being questioned, the court i", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "187 Ill. App. 3d 756", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_187/0756_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6034d0d7efdc6382", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 23064, "end": 23081, "quote": "544 N.E.2d at 400", "context": "arching, booking, handcuffing, fingerprinting and photographing. (Johnson, 187 Ill. App. 3d at 769, 544 N.E.2d at 400.) In assessing the understanding of the individual being questioned, the court is not concerned wit", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "544 N.E.2d 392", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4fca799c7ac9602f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 23393, "end": 23416, "quote": "187 Ill. App. 3d at 769", "context": "ent of any crime, would have concluded he was not free to leave in similar circumstances. (Johnson, 187 Ill. App. 3d at 769, 544 N.E.2d at 400.) A reviewing court will not overturn a trial court’s denial of a motion to quas", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "187 Ill. App. 3d 756", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_187/0756_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f982d324bc942cbe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 23418, "end": 23435, "quote": "544 N.E.2d at 400", "context": "ave concluded he was not free to leave in similar circumstances. (Johnson, 187 Ill. App. 3d at 769, 544 N.E.2d at 400.) A reviewing court will not overturn a trial court’s denial of a motion to quash arrest unless it ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "544 N.E.2d 392", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8f6b075147408d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 23569, "end": 23592, "quote": "187 Ill. App. 3d at 770", "context": "turn a trial court’s denial of a motion to quash arrest unless it is manifestly erroneous. Johnson, 187 Ill. App. 3d at 770, 495 N.E.2d at 400.\nIn this case, we believe the circuit court’s denial of defendant’s motion to su", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "187 Ill. App. 3d 756", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_187/0756_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0097f6b95ad1fbf0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 23594, "end": 23611, "quote": "495 N.E.2d at 400", "context": "al of a motion to quash arrest unless it is manifestly erroneous. Johnson, 187 Ill. App. 3d at 770, 495 N.E.2d at 400.\nIn this case, we believe the circuit court’s denial of defendant’s motion to suppress was not mani", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "64da97d0ec5fbadf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26370, "end": 26382, "quote": "442 U.S. 200", "context": "tioning have been found improper in the absence of probable cause. (See Dunaway v. New York (1979), 442 U.S. 200, 60 L. Ed. 2d 824, 99 S. Ct. 2248; People v. Townes (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 32, 435 N.E.2d 103, cert, de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "442 U.S. 200", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c06f58b5f9d78cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26384, "end": 26400, "quote": "60 L. Ed. 2d 824", "context": "een found improper in the absence of probable cause. (See Dunaway v. New York (1979), 442 U.S. 200, 60 L. Ed. 2d 824, 99 S. Ct. 2248; People v. Townes (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 32, 435 N.E.2d 103, cert, denied (1982), 459 U", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 L. Ed. 2d 824", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e88c62c8fcbec5b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26402, "end": 26416, "quote": "99 S. Ct. 2248", "context": " in the absence of probable cause. (See Dunaway v. New York (1979), 442 U.S. 200, 60 L. Ed. 2d 824, 99 S. Ct. 2248; People v. Townes (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 32, 435 N.E.2d 103, cert, denied (1982), 459 U.S. 878, 74 L. E", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 2248", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e2c2592e6e206fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26443, "end": 26456, "quote": "91 Ill. 2d 32", "context": "unaway v. New York (1979), 442 U.S. 200, 60 L. Ed. 2d 824, 99 S. Ct. 2248; People v. Townes (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 32, 435 N.E.2d 103, cert, denied (1982), 459 U.S. 878, 74 L. Ed. 2d 143, 103 S. Ct. 174; People v. Tra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Ill. 2d 32", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_91/0032_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "92891071a75e9663", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26458, "end": 26472, "quote": "435 N.E.2d 103", "context": "ork (1979), 442 U.S. 200, 60 L. Ed. 2d 824, 99 S. Ct. 2248; People v. Townes (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 32, 435 N.E.2d 103, cert, denied (1982), 459 U.S. 878, 74 L. Ed. 2d 143, 103 S. Ct. 174; People v. Travis (1984), 122 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "435 N.E.2d 103", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6928e96bcc2d2ea0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26495, "end": 26507, "quote": "459 U.S. 878", "context": "d 824, 99 S. Ct. 2248; People v. Townes (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 32, 435 N.E.2d 103, cert, denied (1982), 459 U.S. 878, 74 L. Ed. 2d 143, 103 S. Ct. 174; People v. Travis (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 671, 462 N.E.2d 654; P", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "459 U.S. 878", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e0220132cee09974", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26509, "end": 26525, "quote": "74 L. Ed. 2d 143", "context": "t. 2248; People v. Townes (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 32, 435 N.E.2d 103, cert, denied (1982), 459 U.S. 878, 74 L. Ed. 2d 143, 103 S. Ct. 174; People v. Travis (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 671, 462 N.E.2d 654; People v. Fitzpatri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 L. Ed. 2d 143", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df43d0caacf1ca98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26527, "end": 26541, "quote": "103 S. Ct. 174", "context": " Townes (1982), 91 Ill. 2d 32, 435 N.E.2d 103, cert, denied (1982), 459 U.S. 878, 74 L. Ed. 2d 143, 103 S. Ct. 174; People v. Travis (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 671, 462 N.E.2d 654; People v. Fitzpatrick (1982), 107 I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 S. Ct. 174", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f42156dc561d247", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26568, "end": 26588, "quote": "122 Ill. App. 3d 671", "context": " 103, cert, denied (1982), 459 U.S. 878, 74 L. Ed. 2d 143, 103 S. Ct. 174; People v. Travis (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 671, 462 N.E.2d 654; People v. Fitzpatrick (1982), 107 Ill. App. 3d 876, 438 N.E.2d 222; People v. Stur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 Ill. App. 3d 671", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_122/0671_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2decfe0fd2feae92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26590, "end": 26604, "quote": "462 N.E.2d 654", "context": "82), 459 U.S. 878, 74 L. Ed. 2d 143, 103 S. Ct. 174; People v. Travis (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 671, 462 N.E.2d 654; People v. Fitzpatrick (1982), 107 Ill. App. 3d 876, 438 N.E.2d 222; People v. Sturdivant (1981), 9", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "462 N.E.2d 654", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3ef43ed789aa415b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26636, "end": 26656, "quote": "107 Ill. App. 3d 876", "context": ". 174; People v. Travis (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 671, 462 N.E.2d 654; People v. Fitzpatrick (1982), 107 Ill. App. 3d 876, 438 N.E.2d 222; People v. Sturdivant (1981), 99 Ill. App. 3d 370, 425 N.E.2d 1046.) These cases ar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 Ill. App. 3d 876", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_107/0876_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ed9d28c6cf4022a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26658, "end": 26672, "quote": "438 N.E.2d 222", "context": "s (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 671, 462 N.E.2d 654; People v. Fitzpatrick (1982), 107 Ill. App. 3d 876, 438 N.E.2d 222; People v. Sturdivant (1981), 99 Ill. App. 3d 370, 425 N.E.2d 1046.) These cases are distinguishabl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "438 N.E.2d 222", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b50cfd3f6ad2182", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26703, "end": 26722, "quote": "99 Ill. App. 3d 370", "context": "4; People v. Fitzpatrick (1982), 107 Ill. App. 3d 876, 438 N.E.2d 222; People v. Sturdivant (1981), 99 Ill. App. 3d 370, 425 N.E.2d 1046.) These cases are distinguishable; unlike the present case, no testimony existed i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 Ill. App. 3d 370", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_99/0370_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a6409fd709da0e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 26724, "end": 26739, "quote": "425 N.E.2d 1046", "context": "ick (1982), 107 Ill. App. 3d 876, 438 N.E.2d 222; People v. Sturdivant (1981), 99 Ill. App. 3d 370, 425 N.E.2d 1046.) These cases are distinguishable; unlike the present case, no testimony existed in those cases to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "425 N.E.2d 1046", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "644a3ee2162265a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28107, "end": 28121, "quote": "102 Ill. 2d 23", "context": "ing by a preponderance of the evidence that a confession is voluntary. (People v. Caballero (1983), 102 Ill. 2d 23, 33, 464 N.E.2d 223, 227, cert, denied (1984), 469 U.S. 963, 83 L. Ed. 2d 298, 105 S. Ct. 362; Peop", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 Ill. 2d 23", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_102/0023_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "857e6aec6dd2e0ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28127, "end": 28141, "quote": "464 N.E.2d 223", "context": "ce of the evidence that a confession is voluntary. (People v. Caballero (1983), 102 Ill. 2d 23, 33, 464 N.E.2d 223, 227, cert, denied (1984), 469 U.S. 963, 83 L. Ed. 2d 298, 105 S. Ct. 362; People v. Mackey (1990),", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "464 N.E.2d 223", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6701364a299940f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28169, "end": 28181, "quote": "469 U.S. 963", "context": "luntary. (People v. Caballero (1983), 102 Ill. 2d 23, 33, 464 N.E.2d 223, 227, cert, denied (1984), 469 U.S. 963, 83 L. Ed. 2d 298, 105 S. Ct. 362; People v. Mackey (1990), 207 Ill. App. 3d 839, 859, 566 N.E.2d 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "469 U.S. 963", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b7634996c339600c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28183, "end": 28199, "quote": "83 L. Ed. 2d 298", "context": "le v. Caballero (1983), 102 Ill. 2d 23, 33, 464 N.E.2d 223, 227, cert, denied (1984), 469 U.S. 963, 83 L. Ed. 2d 298, 105 S. Ct. 362; People v. Mackey (1990), 207 Ill. App. 3d 839, 859, 566 N.E.2d 449, 462.) In makin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 L. Ed. 2d 298", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91aa60f3355d771a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28201, "end": 28215, "quote": "105 S. Ct. 362", "context": "983), 102 Ill. 2d 23, 33, 464 N.E.2d 223, 227, cert, denied (1984), 469 U.S. 963, 83 L. Ed. 2d 298, 105 S. Ct. 362; People v. Mackey (1990), 207 Ill. App. 3d 839, 859, 566 N.E.2d 449, 462.) In making this determina", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 362", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "76a10c9074f55de2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28242, "end": 28262, "quote": "207 Ill. App. 3d 839", "context": " 227, cert, denied (1984), 469 U.S. 963, 83 L. Ed. 2d 298, 105 S. Ct. 362; People v. Mackey (1990), 207 Ill. App. 3d 839, 859, 566 N.E.2d 449, 462.) In making this determination, courts utilize the test of whether, consi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "207 Ill. App. 3d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_207/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e3f776e820a95d06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28269, "end": 28283, "quote": "566 N.E.2d 449", "context": "469 U.S. 963, 83 L. Ed. 2d 298, 105 S. Ct. 362; People v. Mackey (1990), 207 Ill. App. 3d 839, 859, 566 N.E.2d 449, 462.) In making this determination, courts utilize the test of whether, considering the totality o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "566 N.E.2d 449", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "076d19f6984b0599", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28501, "end": 28527, "quote": "207 Ill. App. 3d at 859-60", "context": "s, the confession is found to have been made freely and voluntarily and without compulsion (Mackey, 207 Ill. App. 3d at 859-60, 566 N.E.2d at 462, citing People v. Prude (1977), 66 Ill. 2d 470, 363 N.E.2d 371, cert. denied (19", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "207 Ill. App. 3d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_207/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "476eb4df095d5cb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28529, "end": 28546, "quote": "566 N.E.2d at 462", "context": "o have been made freely and voluntarily and without compulsion (Mackey, 207 Ill. App. 3d at 859-60, 566 N.E.2d at 462, citing People v. Prude (1977), 66 Ill. 2d 470, 363 N.E.2d 371, cert. denied (1977), 434 U.S. 930, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "566 N.E.2d 449", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05f0d7dda7fac7d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28579, "end": 28593, "quote": "66 Ill. 2d 470", "context": "t compulsion (Mackey, 207 Ill. App. 3d at 859-60, 566 N.E.2d at 462, citing People v. Prude (1977), 66 Ill. 2d 470, 363 N.E.2d 371, cert. denied (1977), 434 U.S. 930, 54 L. Ed. 2d 291, 98 S. Ct. 418), or whether de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 Ill. 2d 470", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_66/0470_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6af047c3ddce8800", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28595, "end": 28609, "quote": "363 N.E.2d 371", "context": "ckey, 207 Ill. App. 3d at 859-60, 566 N.E.2d at 462, citing People v. Prude (1977), 66 Ill. 2d 470, 363 N.E.2d 371, cert. denied (1977), 434 U.S. 930, 54 L. Ed. 2d 291, 98 S. Ct. 418), or whether defendant’s will w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "363 N.E.2d 371", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fab4ac6efac11aaf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28632, "end": 28644, "quote": "434 U.S. 930", "context": " N.E.2d at 462, citing People v. Prude (1977), 66 Ill. 2d 470, 363 N.E.2d 371, cert. denied (1977), 434 U.S. 930, 54 L. Ed. 2d 291, 98 S. Ct. 418), or whether defendant’s will was overborne at the time he confess", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "434 U.S. 930", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7cb67e39ed81ed48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28646, "end": 28662, "quote": "54 L. Ed. 2d 291", "context": ", citing People v. Prude (1977), 66 Ill. 2d 470, 363 N.E.2d 371, cert. denied (1977), 434 U.S. 930, 54 L. Ed. 2d 291, 98 S. Ct. 418), or whether defendant’s will was overborne at the time he confessed so as not to be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 L. Ed. 2d 291", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "904dc7c0b06df180", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28664, "end": 28677, "quote": "98 S. Ct. 418", "context": " Prude (1977), 66 Ill. 2d 470, 363 N.E.2d 371, cert. denied (1977), 434 U.S. 930, 54 L. Ed. 2d 291, 98 S. Ct. 418), or whether defendant’s will was overborne at the time he confessed so as not to be the product of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 S. Ct. 418", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ee039260a8d1836", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28821, "end": 28844, "quote": "207 Ill. App. 3d at 860", "context": " at the time he confessed so as not to be the product of rational intellect and free will. (Mackey, 207 Ill. App. 3d at 860, 566 N.E.2d at 462, citing Townsend v. Sain (1963), 372 U.S. 293, 9 L. Ed. 2d 770, 83 S. Ct. 745; P", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "207 Ill. App. 3d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_207/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6bca37a5362f9588", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28846, "end": 28863, "quote": "566 N.E.2d at 462", "context": " so as not to be the product of rational intellect and free will. (Mackey, 207 Ill. App. 3d at 860, 566 N.E.2d at 462, citing Townsend v. Sain (1963), 372 U.S. 293, 9 L. Ed. 2d 770, 83 S. Ct. 745; People v. O’Leary (1", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "566 N.E.2d 449", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be7ff57f08d18c85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28897, "end": 28909, "quote": "372 U.S. 293", "context": "and free will. (Mackey, 207 Ill. App. 3d at 860, 566 N.E.2d at 462, citing Townsend v. Sain (1963), 372 U.S. 293, 9 L. Ed. 2d 770, 83 S. Ct. 745; People v. O’Leary (1970), 45 Ill. 2d 122, 257 N.E.2d 112.) A revie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "372 U.S. 293", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9ab763b332e094a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28911, "end": 28926, "quote": "9 L. Ed. 2d 770", "context": " (Mackey, 207 Ill. App. 3d at 860, 566 N.E.2d at 462, citing Townsend v. Sain (1963), 372 U.S. 293, 9 L. Ed. 2d 770, 83 S. Ct. 745; People v. O’Leary (1970), 45 Ill. 2d 122, 257 N.E.2d 112.) A reviewing court will n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 L. Ed. 2d 770", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10f2c94958bc55b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28928, "end": 28941, "quote": "83 S. Ct. 745", "context": ". App. 3d at 860, 566 N.E.2d at 462, citing Townsend v. Sain (1963), 372 U.S. 293, 9 L. Ed. 2d 770, 83 S. Ct. 745; People v. O’Leary (1970), 45 Ill. 2d 122, 257 N.E.2d 112.) A reviewing court will not disturb the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S. Ct. 745", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2414932f80440727", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28969, "end": 28983, "quote": "45 Ill. 2d 122", "context": "ng Townsend v. Sain (1963), 372 U.S. 293, 9 L. Ed. 2d 770, 83 S. Ct. 745; People v. O’Leary (1970), 45 Ill. 2d 122, 257 N.E.2d 112.) A reviewing court will not disturb the trial court’s determination in this regard", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 Ill. 2d 122", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_45/0122_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8e5f050684cf3b8d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 28985, "end": 28999, "quote": "257 N.E.2d 112", "context": "ain (1963), 372 U.S. 293, 9 L. Ed. 2d 770, 83 S. Ct. 745; People v. O’Leary (1970), 45 Ill. 2d 122, 257 N.E.2d 112.) A reviewing court will not disturb the trial court’s determination in this regard unless it is ag", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "257 N.E.2d 112", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e71c16d52281a4a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 29153, "end": 29170, "quote": "102 Ill. 2d at 33", "context": "s determination in this regard unless it is against the manifest weight of the evidence (Caballero, 102 Ill. 2d at 33, 464 N.E.2d at 227-28; People v. Payton (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 1030, 1033, 462 N.E.2d 543, 545), ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "102 Ill. 2d 23", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_102/0023_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2c11882477bae33d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 29172, "end": 29192, "quote": "464 N.E.2d at 227-28", "context": "this regard unless it is against the manifest weight of the evidence (Caballero, 102 Ill. 2d at 33, 464 N.E.2d at 227-28; People v. Payton (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 1030, 1033, 462 N.E.2d 543, 545), and the court may cons", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "464 N.E.2d 223", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd36e751ff96e1e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 29219, "end": 29240, "quote": "122 Ill. App. 3d 1030", "context": "eight of the evidence (Caballero, 102 Ill. 2d at 33, 464 N.E.2d at 227-28; People v. Payton (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 1030, 1033, 462 N.E.2d 543, 545), and the court may consider the evidence heard by the trial court at th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 Ill. App. 3d 1030", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_122/1030_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bc92e190b87922a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 29248, "end": 29262, "quote": "462 N.E.2d 543", "context": "ero, 102 Ill. 2d at 33, 464 N.E.2d at 227-28; People v. Payton (1984), 122 Ill. App. 3d 1030, 1033, 462 N.E.2d 543, 545), and the court may consider the evidence heard by the trial court at the suppression hearing ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "462 N.E.2d 543", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32f724c0ade46fcd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 29439, "end": 29459, "quote": "102 Ill. 2d at 35-36", "context": "he suppression hearing and at trial when evaluating the voluntariness of the confession. Caballero, 102 Ill. 2d at 35-36, 464 N.E.2d at 229.\nIn this case, the evidence demonstrates that defendant’s statements were volunt", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "102 Ill. 2d 23", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_102/0023_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a04ce889863e31c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 29461, "end": 29478, "quote": "464 N.E.2d at 229", "context": " and at trial when evaluating the voluntariness of the confession. Caballero, 102 Ill. 2d at 35-36, 464 N.E.2d at 229.\nIn this case, the evidence demonstrates that defendant’s statements were voluntary. At a minimum, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "464 N.E.2d 223", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "745d844d5fe5d237", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 32188, "end": 32203, "quote": "122 Ill. 2d 176", "context": "s error in his post-trial motion. The alleged error is, therefore, waived. (People v. Enoch (1988), 122 Ill. 2d 176, 522 N.E.2d 1124, cert. denied (1988), 488 U.S. 917, 102 L. Ed. 2d 263, 109 S. Ct. 274.) Moreover, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "122 Ill. 2d 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_122/0176_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "691879f0209b9778", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 32205, "end": 32220, "quote": "522 N.E.2d 1124", "context": "st-trial motion. The alleged error is, therefore, waived. (People v. Enoch (1988), 122 Ill. 2d 176, 522 N.E.2d 1124, cert. denied (1988), 488 U.S. 917, 102 L. Ed. 2d 263, 109 S. Ct. 274.) Moreover, the plain error e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "522 N.E.2d 1124", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03a2a456b4561444", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 32243, "end": 32255, "quote": "488 U.S. 917", "context": " therefore, waived. (People v. Enoch (1988), 122 Ill. 2d 176, 522 N.E.2d 1124, cert. denied (1988), 488 U.S. 917, 102 L. Ed. 2d 263, 109 S. Ct. 274.) Moreover, the plain error exception does not require this cour", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 U.S. 917", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e9f704307679d71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 32257, "end": 32274, "quote": "102 L. Ed. 2d 263", "context": "ived. (People v. Enoch (1988), 122 Ill. 2d 176, 522 N.E.2d 1124, cert. denied (1988), 488 U.S. 917, 102 L. Ed. 2d 263, 109 S. Ct. 274.) Moreover, the plain error exception does not require this court to consider the i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 L. Ed. 2d 263", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc49ca76b9f2a780", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_225/0054_01/index.html", "start": 32276, "end": 32290, "quote": "109 S. Ct. 274", "context": "och (1988), 122 Ill. 2d 176, 522 N.E.2d 1124, cert. denied (1988), 488 U.S. 917, 102 L. Ed. 2d 263, 109 S. Ct. 274.) Moreover, the plain error exception does not require this court to consider the issue. The eviden", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S. Ct. 274", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d0412252956792d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 653, "end": 660, "quote": "the Act", "context": "5/101 through 1701 (West 1994)). National Holdings made a protested payment of $527,549 pursuant to the Act. The parties later filed cross-motions for summary judgment, and in January 2006, the trial court g", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b2c79f0999ae4711", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 4810, "end": 4828, "quote": "section 1501(a)(1)", "context": "from the sale of the retail grocery stores constituted business or nonbusiness income as defined by section 1501(a)(1) of the Income Tax Act (35 ILCS 5/1501(a)(l) (West 1994)). In September 2005, National Holdings file", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "91bc3d038037d6e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 5449, "end": 5464, "quote": "section 1501(a)", "context": "the United States and were distributed to shareholders. Based on case law and the plain language of section 1501(a), the court held the gain from the asset sale was nonbusiness income because it was a cessation of a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "157c75ca99f3f5cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 6065, "end": 6080, "quote": "216 Ill. 2d 294", "context": "gment as a matter of law.” Northern Illinois Emergency Physicians v. Landau, Omahana & Kopka, Ltd., 216 Ill. 2d 294, 305, 837 N.E.2d 99, 106 (2005). When both parties move for summary judgment, “they agree that (1) ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "216 Ill. 2d 294", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_216/0294_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a869ac85d06065b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 6087, "end": 6100, "quote": "837 N.E.2d 99", "context": "aw.” Northern Illinois Emergency Physicians v. Landau, Omahana & Kopka, Ltd., 216 Ill. 2d 294, 305, 837 N.E.2d 99, 106 (2005). When both parties move for summary judgment, “they agree that (1) no material issue of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "837 N.E.2d 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d3e0d275579e736", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 6318, "end": 6338, "quote": "322 Ill. App. 3d 376", "context": "(2) only a question of law is involved.” Subway Restaurants of Bloomington-Normal, Inc. v. Topinka, 322 Ill. App. 3d 376, 381, 751 N.E.2d 203, 208 (2001). On appeal, our review of a trial court’s order granting summary j", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "322 Ill. App. 3d 376", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_322/0376_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4c34485e7ad3a7bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 6345, "end": 6359, "quote": "751 N.E.2d 203", "context": "is involved.” Subway Restaurants of Bloomington-Normal, Inc. v. Topinka, 322 Ill. App. 3d 376, 381, 751 N.E.2d 203, 208 (2001). On appeal, our review of a trial court’s order granting summary judgment is de novo. H", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "751 N.E.2d 203", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2172fae25117e878", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 6522, "end": 6537, "quote": "197 Ill. 2d 466", "context": "anting summary judgment is de novo. Harrison v. Hardin County Community Unit School District No. 1, 197 Ill. 2d 466, 470-71, 758 N.E.2d 848, 851 (2001).\nB. Business or Nonbusiness Income Defendants argue the trial c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "197 Ill. 2d 466", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_197/0466_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "04982546b2ccfbd3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 6547, "end": 6561, "quote": "758 N.E.2d 848", "context": "s de novo. Harrison v. Hardin County Community Unit School District No. 1, 197 Ill. 2d 466, 470-71, 758 N.E.2d 848, 851 (2001).\nB. Business or Nonbusiness Income Defendants argue the trial court erred in finding Na", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "758 N.E.2d 848", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "38e55afb39c49173", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 6981, "end": 7001, "quote": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "context": "iness within Illinois is subject to taxation by the State.” American States Insurance Co. v. Hamer, 352 Ill. App. 3d 521, 525, 816 N.E.2d 659, 663 (2004); see also Blessing/White, Inc. v. Zehnder, 329 Ill. App. 3d 714, 7", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c74026797dd6f4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 7008, "end": 7022, "quote": "816 N.E.2d 659", "context": "bject to taxation by the State.” American States Insurance Co. v. Hamer, 352 Ill. App. 3d 521, 525, 816 N.E.2d 659, 663 (2004); see also Blessing/White, Inc. v. Zehnder, 329 Ill. App. 3d 714, 718, 768 N.E.2d 332, 3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "816 N.E.2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b341dfba628023e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 7078, "end": 7098, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "context": "r, 352 Ill. App. 3d 521, 525, 816 N.E.2d 659, 663 (2004); see also Blessing/White, Inc. v. Zehnder, 329 Ill. App. 3d 714, 718, 768 N.E.2d 332, 336 (2002). “Under the statute, foreign corporations are required to pay taxe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d59aebb6b84c6120", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 7105, "end": 7119, "quote": "768 N.E.2d 332", "context": "5, 816 N.E.2d 659, 663 (2004); see also Blessing/White, Inc. v. Zehnder, 329 Ill. App. 3d 714, 718, 768 N.E.2d 332, 336 (2002). “Under the statute, foreign corporations are required to pay taxes in proportion to th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bfbdd2b1d86ffbe4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 7284, "end": 7310, "quote": "352 Ill. App. 3d at 525-26", "context": "ed to pay taxes in proportion to the amount of their income-producing activities.” American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 525-26, 816 N.E.2d at 663.\nThe Income Tax Act establishes two methods, apportionment and allocation, by wh", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a254f8a1db865f11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 7312, "end": 7329, "quote": "816 N.E.2d at 663", "context": "n to the amount of their income-producing activities.” American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 525-26, 816 N.E.2d at 663.\nThe Income Tax Act establishes two methods, apportionment and allocation, by which corporate incom", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "816 N.E.2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "09d5b15641bf24c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 7543, "end": 7566, "quote": "352 Ill. App. 3d at 526", "context": "ded among Illinois and other jurisdictions wherein the taxpayer conducts business. American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 526, 816 N.E.2d at 663; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 718-19, 768 N.E.2d at 336.\n“When income is ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "efe3c66be0b2c145", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 7568, "end": 7585, "quote": "816 N.E.2d at 663", "context": "her jurisdictions wherein the taxpayer conducts business. American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 526, 816 N.E.2d at 663; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 718-19, 768 N.E.2d at 336.\n“When income is allocated, it is al", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "816 N.E.2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "abb0e4039f891957", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 7603, "end": 7629, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 718-19", "context": "yer conducts business. American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 526, 816 N.E.2d at 663; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 718-19, 768 N.E.2d at 336.\n“When income is allocated, it is all assigned to one particular state for taxin", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f1545f4992246f50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 7631, "end": 7648, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 336", "context": "can States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 526, 816 N.E.2d at 663; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 718-19, 768 N.E.2d at 336.\n“When income is allocated, it is all assigned to one particular state for taxing purposes, general", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c016c36411511df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 8304, "end": 8324, "quote": "313 Ill. App. 3d 433", "context": "ned and nonbusiness income is allocated.” Automatic Data Processing, Inc. v. Department of Revenue, 313 Ill. App. 3d 433, 438, 729 N.E.2d 897, 902 (2000).\nThe taxpayer bears the burden of establishing that income is nonb", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "313 Ill. App. 3d 433", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_313/0433_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6f6182bdb5b6d085", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 8331, "end": 8345, "quote": "729 N.E.2d 897", "context": "is allocated.” Automatic Data Processing, Inc. v. Department of Revenue, 313 Ill. App. 3d 433, 438, 729 N.E.2d 897, 902 (2000).\nThe taxpayer bears the burden of establishing that income is nonbusiness income. Texac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "729 N.E.2d 897", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c72ce92694cee3ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 8485, "end": 8500, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "context": "den of establishing that income is nonbusiness income. Texaco-Cities Service Pipeline Co. v. McGaw, 182 Ill. 2d 262, 268, 695 N.E.2d 481, 484 (1998).\nPrior to July 30, 2004, the Income Tax Act defined “business inco", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0c430d964096cd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 8507, "end": 8521, "quote": "695 N.E.2d 481", "context": "at income is nonbusiness income. Texaco-Cities Service Pipeline Co. v. McGaw, 182 Ill. 2d 262, 268, 695 N.E.2d 481, 484 (1998).\nPrior to July 30, 2004, the Income Tax Act defined “business income” as:\n“income arisi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6febc0f43ec19085", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 9154, "end": 9177, "quote": "352 Ill. App. 3d at 526", "context": "or formula that takes into account the corporation’s property, payroll, and sales. American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 526, 816 N.E.2d at 663; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 719, 768 N.E.2d at 336. We note that, effec", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "799d1329faed7198", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 9179, "end": 9196, "quote": "816 N.E.2d at 663", "context": "o account the corporation’s property, payroll, and sales. American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 526, 816 N.E.2d at 663; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 719, 768 N.E.2d at 336. We note that, effective July 30, 2004,", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "816 N.E.2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a6f9e4d6b063ee20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 9214, "end": 9237, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 719", "context": "y, payroll, and sales. American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 526, 816 N.E.2d at 663; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 719, 768 N.E.2d at 336. We note that, effective July 30, 2004, the General Assembly amended section 150", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "36856d1f89dabc48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 9239, "end": 9256, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 336", "context": "erican States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 526, 816 N.E.2d at 663; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 719, 768 N.E.2d at 336. We note that, effective July 30, 2004, the General Assembly amended section 1501(a)(1) and now def", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6272069ce8536484", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 9326, "end": 9344, "quote": "section 1501(a)(1)", "context": ". 3d at 719, 768 N.E.2d at 336. We note that, effective July 30, 2004, the General Assembly amended section 1501(a)(1) and now defines “business income” as “all income that may be treated as apportionable business inco", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb6a68b16f62678a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 9868, "end": 9891, "quote": "352 Ill. App. 3d at 526", "context": "e corporation is domiciled or in which the income-producing property is situated.” American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 526, 816 N.E.2d at 663.\nBoth parties acknowledge, as did the trial court, that the seminal case interpr", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "415cefec255f97e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 9893, "end": 9910, "quote": "816 N.E.2d at 663", "context": "d or in which the income-producing property is situated.” American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 526, 816 N.E.2d at 663.\nBoth parties acknowledge, as did the trial court, that the seminal case interpreting the terms “bu", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "816 N.E.2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d309f15b6509028", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 10064, "end": 10079, "quote": "section 1501(a)", "context": "at the seminal case interpreting the terms “business income” and “nonbusiness income” as defined in section 1501(a) is our supreme court’s decision in Texaco-Cities. In that case, the court followed the approach of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8c5fb40c6361dec1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 10257, "end": 10275, "quote": "section 1501(a)(1)", "context": "lowed the approach of other jurisdictions that have adopted UDITPA and found the earlier version of section 1501(a)(1) encompassed two alternative and distinct approaches for determining whether gain realized from the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c78bb22145bc6b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 10434, "end": 10452, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 268", "context": "termining whether gain realized from the sale of a capital asset may be apportioned. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 268, 695 N.E.2d at 484. The first approach, the “transactional” test, is reflected in the first clause ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e14a976966b4d0f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 10454, "end": 10471, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 484", "context": "in realized from the sale of a capital asset may be apportioned. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 268, 695 N.E.2d at 484. The first approach, the “transactional” test, is reflected in the first clause of the definition s", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6b414b775e939f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 10753, "end": 10771, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 268", "context": "gular course of the taxpayer’s trade or business.” 35 ILCS 5/1501(a)(l) (West 1994); Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 268, 695 N.E.2d at 484. In the case sub judice, the Department does not contend the gain at issue const", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "390dddebc2d68604", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 10773, "end": 10790, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 484", "context": "taxpayer’s trade or business.” 35 ILCS 5/1501(a)(l) (West 1994); Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 268, 695 N.E.2d at 484. In the case sub judice, the Department does not contend the gain at issue constitutes business inc", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "470a6a38694d14b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 11173, "end": 11191, "quote": "section 1501(a)(1)", "context": "e functional test.\nUnder that second approach, the “functional” test, found in the second clause of section 1501(a)(1), business income is defined as including “income from tangible and intangible property if the acqui", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "929134c3e9bccc5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 11475, "end": 11493, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 270", "context": " taxpayer’s regular trade or business operations.” 35 ILCS 5/1501(a)(1) (West 1994); Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 270, 695 N.E.2d at 485. The supreme court noted “the words ‘acquisition, management, and disposition’ s", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "addef2ebb5e3e436", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 11495, "end": 11512, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 485", "context": "trade or business operations.” 35 ILCS 5/1501(a)(1) (West 1994); Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 270, 695 N.E.2d at 485. The supreme court noted “the words ‘acquisition, management, and disposition’ suggest elements typ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff45d8a7dbf5a126", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 11748, "end": 11766, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 271", "context": " of corporate property, or *** the ‘conditions of ownership’ of corporate property.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 271, 695 N.E.2d at 485.\n“The functional test classifies as business income all gain from the dispositio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7cbe09bf3ccb4a9a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 11768, "end": 11785, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 485", "context": "ty, or *** the ‘conditions of ownership’ of corporate property.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 271, 695 N.E.2d at 485.\n“The functional test classifies as business income all gain from the disposition of a capital asse", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b49f61a81013638", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 11999, "end": 12017, "quote": "section 1501(a)(1)", "context": " was ‘used by the taxpayer in its regular trade or business operations.’ *** [T]he second clause of section 1501(a)(1) focuses upon the role or function of the property [disposed of] as being integral to regular busine", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f912a0ca72b14db3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 12315, "end": 12333, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 272", "context": " renders that asset an integral part of the taxpayer’s regular business operations.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 272, 695 N.E.2d at 486.\nIn Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 265, 695 N.E.2d at 483, the taxpayer, a Delawa", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "21c00e37de1b36df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 12335, "end": 12352, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 486", "context": "an integral part of the taxpayer’s regular business operations.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 272, 695 N.E.2d at 486.\nIn Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 265, 695 N.E.2d at 483, the taxpayer, a Delaware corporation with", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cd1d18d30bf63826", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 12372, "end": 12390, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 265", "context": "gular business operations.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 272, 695 N.E.2d at 486.\nIn Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 265, 695 N.E.2d at 483, the taxpayer, a Delaware corporation with its principal offices in Texas, was i", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2a5f01f90b0b2ec7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 12392, "end": 12409, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 483", "context": "tions.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 272, 695 N.E.2d at 486.\nIn Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 265, 695 N.E.2d at 483, the taxpayer, a Delaware corporation with its principal offices in Texas, was in the business of t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a63586dc36c728d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 12772, "end": 12790, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 265", "context": "its pipeline assets, including its entire contingent of pipeline assets in Illinois. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 265, 695 N.E.2d at 483. The taxpayer realized a gain of $9,987,176 and reported the income from its sal", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d568771f6f6c8ecc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 12792, "end": 12809, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 483", "context": " including its entire contingent of pipeline assets in Illinois. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 265, 695 N.E.2d at 483. The taxpayer realized a gain of $9,987,176 and reported the income from its sale as nonbusiness in", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5f6e39897985abd7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 12957, "end": 12975, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 265", "context": " reported the income from its sale as nonbusiness income on its tax return for 1983. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 265, 695 N.E.2d at 483. The Department conducted an audit and reclassified the gain as business income ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d500775e97621557", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 12977, "end": 12994, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 483", "context": " from its sale as nonbusiness income on its tax return for 1983. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 265, 695 N.E.2d at 483. The Department conducted an audit and reclassified the gain as business income subject to apportio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a274de9e1a3d9ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 13201, "end": 13222, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 265-66", "context": "finding the sale constituted an integral part of the taxpayer’s business operations. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 265-66, 695 N.E.2d at 483. The taxpayer filed a protest, but ultimately, the Department’s characterization", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "57b473c4c9938611", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 13224, "end": 13241, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 483", "context": "tuted an integral part of the taxpayer’s business operations. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 265-66, 695 N.E.2d at 483. The taxpayer filed a protest, but ultimately, the Department’s characterization of the gain as bus", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d20edf13be04f7ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 13415, "end": 13436, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 266-67", "context": "ization of the gain as business income was upheld by the trial and appellate courts. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 266-67, 695 N.E.2d at 483-84.\nThe supreme court found the functional test contained in “section 1501(a)(1)", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8ac056811967e953", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 13438, "end": 13458, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 483-84", "context": "business income was upheld by the trial and appellate courts. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 266-67, 695 N.E.2d at 483-84.\nThe supreme court found the functional test contained in “section 1501(a)(1) focuses upon the role", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a606f49c91ef761e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 13518, "end": 13536, "quote": "section 1501(a)(1)", "context": " Ill. 2d at 266-67, 695 N.E.2d at 483-84.\nThe supreme court found the functional test contained in “section 1501(a)(1) focuses upon the role or function of the property as being integral to regular business operations.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5c92773ae2e9e70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 13653, "end": 13671, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 272", "context": " role or function of the property as being integral to regular business operations.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 272, 695 N.E.2d at 486. Thus, the taxpayer’s use of a capital asset in its regular trade or business “i", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a74ac81394467817", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 13673, "end": 13690, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 486", "context": " the property as being integral to regular business operations.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 272, 695 N.E.2d at 486. Thus, the taxpayer’s use of a capital asset in its regular trade or business “indisputably renders", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a16c40caad07a9f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 13882, "end": 13900, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 272", "context": " renders that asset an integral part of the taxpayer’s regular business operations.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 272, 695 N.E.2d at 486.\nThe supreme court noted Texaco-Cities was in the business of pipeline transport", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "953beb3a80929712", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 13902, "end": 13919, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 486", "context": "an integral part of the taxpayer’s regular business operations.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 272, 695 N.E.2d at 486.\nThe supreme court noted Texaco-Cities was in the business of pipeline transportation, the pipeline", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "629c8cfe464d39bd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 14172, "end": 14190, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 273", "context": "r course of business, and thus the pipelines were used for the production of income. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486. Applying a functional test, the court held the gain represented apportionable b", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f61864b5674dea39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 14192, "end": 14209, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 486", "context": ", and thus the pipelines were used for the production of income. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486. Applying a functional test, the court held the gain represented apportionable business income unde", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cdfe9c403fda90e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 14346, "end": 14364, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 274", "context": "rt held the gain represented apportionable business income under the Income Tax Act. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 274, 695 N.E.2d at 487.\nThe supreme court then examined and distinguished the Pennsylvania Supreme Cour", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6900ae21ce51c44d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 14366, "end": 14383, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 487", "context": "resented apportionable business income under the Income Tax Act. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 274, 695 N.E.2d at 487.\nThe supreme court then examined and distinguished the Pennsylvania Supreme Court’s decision in Lau", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c3831b0a7fdf685", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 14562, "end": 14573, "quote": "537 Pa. 205", "context": "urt’s decision in Laurel Pipe Line Co. v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Board of Finance & Revenue, 537 Pa. 205, 642 A.2d 472 (1994). There, the proceeds from the sale of an independent pipeline by a company in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "537 Pa. 205", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe9b9b59cc04a63a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 14575, "end": 14587, "quote": "642 A.2d 472", "context": "n in Laurel Pipe Line Co. v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Board of Finance & Revenue, 537 Pa. 205, 642 A.2d 472 (1994). There, the proceeds from the sale of an independent pipeline by a company in the business o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "642 A.2d 472", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13a2e126ae6ed593", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15079, "end": 15093, "quote": "537 Pa. at 214", "context": " partial liquidation which has changed the structure of the taxpayer’s business.” Laurel Pipe Line, 537 Pa. at 214, 642 A.2d at 477, citing McVean & Barlow, Inc. v. New Mexico Bureau of Revenue, 88 N.M. 521, 543 P.", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "537 Pa. 205", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d485bd990fa7ee4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15095, "end": 15110, "quote": "642 A.2d at 477", "context": "tion which has changed the structure of the taxpayer’s business.” Laurel Pipe Line, 537 Pa. at 214, 642 A.2d at 477, citing McVean & Barlow, Inc. v. New Mexico Bureau of Revenue, 88 N.M. 521, 543 P.2d 489 (1975).\nIn", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "642 A.2d 472", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f2133ce9ded881b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15174, "end": 15185, "quote": "88 N.M. 521", "context": "ine, 537 Pa. at 214, 642 A.2d at 477, citing McVean & Barlow, Inc. v. New Mexico Bureau of Revenue, 88 N.M. 521, 543 P.2d 489 (1975).\nIn distinguishing Texaco-Cities from Laurel Pipe Line, the Illinois Supreme C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 N.M. 521", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75136afa2076dd70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15187, "end": 15199, "quote": "543 P.2d 489", "context": "at 214, 642 A.2d at 477, citing McVean & Barlow, Inc. v. New Mexico Bureau of Revenue, 88 N.M. 521, 543 P.2d 489 (1975).\nIn distinguishing Texaco-Cities from Laurel Pipe Line, the Illinois Supreme Court found the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "543 P.2d 489", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9b2ecaf78d132041", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15454, "end": 15472, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 273", "context": "and cessation of its business operations or a separate and distinct portion thereof. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486-87. Further, the court found “the sales proceeds were invested right back into t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "73c017a4ae74502e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15474, "end": 15494, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 486-87", "context": " business operations or a separate and distinct portion thereof. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486-87. Further, the court found “the sales proceeds were invested right back into that business rather th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c431a16aeccd5d63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15653, "end": 15671, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 273", "context": "d right back into that business rather than being disseminated to its shareholders.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486-87. The court concluded the gain from the sale was properly classified as busine", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "995d8363f6765697", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15673, "end": 15693, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 486-87", "context": "at business rather than being disseminated to its shareholders.” Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486-87. The court concluded the gain from the sale was properly classified as business income. Texaco-Citi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d46fc24f1194db40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15797, "end": 15815, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 274", "context": "e court concluded the gain from the sale was properly classified as business income. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 274, 695 N.E.2d at 487.\nFollowing the decisions in Texaco-Cities and Laurel Pipe Line, courts have reco", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2eb88813f40825d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15817, "end": 15834, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 487", "context": "e gain from the sale was properly classified as business income. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 274, 695 N.E.2d at 487.\nFollowing the decisions in Texaco-Cities and Laurel Pipe Line, courts have recognized a business-l", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a1f1b0b49096d0c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 15999, "end": 16022, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 726", "context": "courts have recognized a business-liquidation exception to the functional test. See Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 726, 768 N.E.2d at 341 (Texaco-Cities “tacitly recognizes the distinctive nature of corporate liquidati", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0830b4c48c9f4e8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 16024, "end": 16041, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 341", "context": "business-liquidation exception to the functional test. See Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 726, 768 N.E.2d at 341 (Texaco-Cities “tacitly recognizes the distinctive nature of corporate liquidations resulting in a ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2537a9b45d9c6928", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 16198, "end": 16221, "quote": "352 Ill. App. 3d at 530", "context": "e of corporate liquidations resulting in a discontinuation of business activity”); American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 530, 816 N.E.2d at 666 (reaffirming Blessing/White); Shakkour v. Hamer, 368 Ill. App. 3d 629 (2006) (wh", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "493fa81d69272a30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 16223, "end": 16240, "quote": "816 N.E.2d at 666", "context": "ns resulting in a discontinuation of business activity”); American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 530, 816 N.E.2d at 666 (reaffirming Blessing/White); Shakkour v. Hamer, 368 Ill. App. 3d 629 (2006) (wherein the Departmen", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "816 N.E.2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "254dfb737b52aece", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 16290, "end": 16310, "quote": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "context": "States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 530, 816 N.E.2d at 666 (reaffirming Blessing/White); Shakkour v. Hamer, 368 Ill. App. 3d 629 (2006) (wherein the Department acknowledged the business-liquidation exception set forth in Blessin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f60a7d3a91c400f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 16439, "end": 16462, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 717", "context": "nt acknowledged the business-liquidation exception set forth in Blessing/White).\nIn Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 717, 768 N.E.2d at 335, Blessing/White, Inc., a New Jersey corporation, was engaged in human-resource c", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe50632a29e3e8f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 16464, "end": 16481, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 335", "context": "ess-liquidation exception set forth in Blessing/White).\nIn Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 717, 768 N.E.2d at 335, Blessing/White, Inc., a New Jersey corporation, was engaged in human-resource consultation with a ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "506228dae3a3ebea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 16925, "end": 16948, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 717", "context": "s activities and distributed nearly all of the sale proceeds to Blessing and White. Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 717, 768 N.E.2d at 335. After an audit, the Department reclassified the gain as business income apporti", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3cf58078e1689260", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 16950, "end": 16967, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 335", "context": "ted nearly all of the sale proceeds to Blessing and White. Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 717, 768 N.E.2d at 335. After an audit, the Department reclassified the gain as business income apportionable to Illinois ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "339491d1abc9094e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 17114, "end": 17137, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 717", "context": "he gain as business income apportionable to Illinois and assessed a tax deficiency. Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 717, 768 N.E.2d at 335.\nIn examining the Texaco-Cities case, the First District noted the supreme court", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "27cd41661e832c51", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 17139, "end": 17156, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 335", "context": "e apportionable to Illinois and assessed a tax deficiency. Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 717, 768 N.E.2d at 335.\nIn examining the Texaco-Cities case, the First District noted the supreme court determined “the fu", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b93c051ea919447", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 17438, "end": 17461, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 723", "context": "d by the taxpayer as an integral part of its regular trade or business operations.” Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 723, 768 N.E.2d at 339. However, the First District found the supreme court’s opinion allowed the use o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "16bb149294bf109c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 17463, "end": 17480, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 339", "context": "ntegral part of its regular trade or business operations.” Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 723, 768 N.E.2d at 339. However, the First District found the supreme court’s opinion allowed the use of a modified form o", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d88195e8230278c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 17722, "end": 17745, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 724", "context": "n of assets was made pursuant to a corporate liquidation in cessation of business.” Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 724, 768 N.E.2d at 340.\nIn the case before it, the First District found the disposition of assets amoun", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fc9781f1c92eb1f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 17747, "end": 17764, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 340", "context": "uant to a corporate liquidation in cessation of business.” Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 724, 768 N.E.2d at 340.\nIn the case before it, the First District found the disposition of assets amounted to a liquidatio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54fede72275d4e1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 18080, "end": 18103, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 728", "context": "ation of the company’s business activities, including those conducted in Illinois.” Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343. Further, the proceeds were not used to support an ongoing business concern but ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ddb38c7c898042f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 18105, "end": 18122, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 343", "context": "siness activities, including those conducted in Illinois.” Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343. Further, the proceeds were not used to support an ongoing business concern but were disbursed in t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c4d50d3e4a14f6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 18273, "end": 18296, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 728", "context": " ongoing business concern but were disbursed in their entirety to the shareholders. Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343. Thus, as the liquidation of assets was not integral to the company’s regular bu", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bddf3662a2a3e4c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 18298, "end": 18315, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 343", "context": " but were disbursed in their entirety to the shareholders. Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343. Thus, as the liquidation of assets was not integral to the company’s regular business operations, ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97391fed8fe57352", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 18506, "end": 18529, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 728", "context": "rations, the gain did not constitute business income under the functional approach. Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343.\nIn American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 531, 816 N.E.2d at 667, the First Distr", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "286c7a9770ecb767", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 18531, "end": 18548, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 343", "context": " constitute business income under the functional approach. Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343.\nIn American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 531, 816 N.E.2d at 667, the First District interpreted Tex", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d96c9764fbbc8b53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 18570, "end": 18593, "quote": "352 Ill. App. 3d at 531", "context": "unctional approach. Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343.\nIn American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 531, 816 N.E.2d at 667, the First District interpreted Texaco-Cities to stand for the proposition that ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2962482981b37ab8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 18595, "end": 18612, "quote": "816 N.E.2d at 667", "context": "ing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343.\nIn American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 531, 816 N.E.2d at 667, the First District interpreted Texaco-Cities to stand for the proposition that without “evidence t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "816 N.E.2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f54be477aaed0b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 19105, "end": 19128, "quote": "352 Ill. App. 3d at 532", "context": "holders of American States” and concluded the gain constituted nonbusiness income. American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 532, 816 N.E.2d at 668.\nIn the First District’s recent opinion in Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 629, th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d4dd44900691c2d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 19130, "end": 19147, "quote": "816 N.E.2d at 668", "context": "s” and concluded the gain constituted nonbusiness income. American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 532, 816 N.E.2d at 668.\nIn the First District’s recent opinion in Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 629, the taxpayer, a nonre", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "816 N.E.2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f14fb0f06d9eb4b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 19201, "end": 19224, "quote": "368 Ill. App. 3d at 629", "context": "es, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 532, 816 N.E.2d at 668.\nIn the First District’s recent opinion in Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 629, the taxpayer, a nonresident of Illinois, was a general partner of O’Connor Partners, an Illinois p", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16f0636737ccea25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 19511, "end": 19534, "quote": "368 Ill. App. 3d at 629", "context": "ois partnership, which developed intellectual property known as the “Trading Technology.” Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 629. O’Connor Partners and Swiss Bank organized a limited partnership known as SBC/OC Services, L.P Lat", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ffe8f22624b92ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 19753, "end": 19776, "quote": "368 Ill. App. 3d at 629", "context": "ciates contributed the Trading Technology to O’Connor Partners as a capital contribution. Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 629. In 1992, O’Connor Partners sold its general partnership interest in SBC/OC Services and the Tradin", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45cf4d61bd49b949", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 20281, "end": 20304, "quote": "368 Ill. App. 3d at 630", "context": "her Illinois income-tax return but did report it on her New York and Connecticut returns. Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 630. The Department issued a notice of deficiency, and Shakkour paid under protest. The trial court fou", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "663f0ff3f3ce04fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 20599, "end": 20622, "quote": "368 Ill. App. 3d at 631", "context": "nor Partners’ business activities and the sale proceeds were distributed to the partners. Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 631. The court found the sale fell within the business-liquidation exception to the functional test and", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32680c53829c0d14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 20890, "end": 20916, "quote": "368 Ill. App. 3d at 633-35", "context": "t District examined the holdings in the like cases of Blessing/White and American States. Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 633-35. In noting Blessing/White's focus on the modified form of the functional test, the court found O’Co", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d6e25188e49cf8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 21232, "end": 21255, "quote": "368 Ill. App. 3d at 634", "context": " and the proceeds were not reinvested in operations but were distributed to shareholders. Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 634. The court concluded “the sale was an extraordinary event that was a marked departure from its prev", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "efff87ee1e2d28e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 21476, "end": 21499, "quote": "368 Ill. App. 3d at 636", "context": "nsing the Trading Technology,” and the income should be classified as nonbusiness income. Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 636.\nIn this case, defendants contend the First District’s decisions in Blessing/White and American Sta", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80d5ba8dc538defc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 21937, "end": 21955, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 272", "context": " of was used by the taxpayer as an integral part of its regular business operations. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 272, 695 N.E.2d at 486. However, a complete reading of the opinion indicates a modified form of the fun", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "39e574351e58072b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 21957, "end": 21974, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 486", "context": "taxpayer as an integral part of its regular business operations. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 272, 695 N.E.2d at 486. However, a complete reading of the opinion indicates a modified form of the functional test is app", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b38172d99018b78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 22597, "end": 22615, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 273", "context": "an being used to acquire assets or income for use in future business operations. See Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486, citing Laurel Pipe Line, 537 Pa. at 213-14, 642 A.2d at 476-77. In contrast, th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "98f8c85215fec1df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 22617, "end": 22634, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 486", "context": "uire assets or income for use in future business operations. See Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486, citing Laurel Pipe Line, 537 Pa. at 213-14, 642 A.2d at 476-77. In contrast, the Illinois Supreme ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8685841956ec7bd6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 22661, "end": 22678, "quote": "537 Pa. at 213-14", "context": "ness operations. See Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486, citing Laurel Pipe Line, 537 Pa. at 213-14, 642 A.2d at 476-77. In contrast, the Illinois Supreme Court found Texaco-Cities remained in the pi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "537 Pa. 205", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab41d46f86f9be7d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 22680, "end": 22698, "quote": "642 A.2d at 476-77", "context": "e Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486, citing Laurel Pipe Line, 537 Pa. at 213-14, 642 A.2d at 476-77. In contrast, the Illinois Supreme Court found Texaco-Cities remained in the pipeline-transportatio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "642 A.2d 472", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "907b39b19d73deec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 22929, "end": 22947, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 273", "context": "ds were invested back into the business rather than being disbursed to shareholders. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486-87. Further, and contrary to cases relied on by Texaco-Cities, the court found t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b081b961c39d5159", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 22949, "end": 22969, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 486-87", "context": "k into the business rather than being disbursed to shareholders. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 273, 695 N.E.2d at 486-87. Further, and contrary to cases relied on by Texaco-Cities, the court found the evidence before it ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0daa193d3788d2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 23197, "end": 23215, "quote": "182 Ill. 2d at 274", "context": "ounted to a cessation of a separate and distinct portion of Texaco-Cities’ business. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 274, 695 N.E.2d at 487. Thus, the court implied that, had there been evidence that the sale was a cessa", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "182 Ill. 2d 262", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_182/0262_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6dc5bcd15f31b42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 23217, "end": 23234, "quote": "695 N.E.2d at 487", "context": "n of a separate and distinct portion of Texaco-Cities’ business. Texaco-Cities, 182 Ill. 2d at 274, 695 N.E.2d at 487. Thus, the court implied that, had there been evidence that the sale was a cessation of business op", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "695 N.E.2d 481", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f048ee8ccdc58da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 23462, "end": 23485, "quote": "352 Ill. App. 3d at 530", "context": "case would have been different and quite likely in line with Laurel Pipe Line. See American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 530, 816 N.E.2d at 666 (the Department was unable to answer why the supreme court distinguished Laurel ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ec16cb79f94217f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 23487, "end": 23504, "quote": "816 N.E.2d at 666", "context": "erent and quite likely in line with Laurel Pipe Line. See American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 530, 816 N.E.2d at 666 (the Department was unable to answer why the supreme court distinguished Laurel Pipe Line rather th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "816 N.E.2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a426efa13128e8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 23661, "end": 23684, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 725", "context": "rt distinguished Laurel Pipe Line rather than simply rejecting it as unpersuasive); Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 725, 768 N.E.2d at 341 (supreme court’s treatment of the decision in Laurel Pipe Line “suggests the fun", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "49d1e7f762f0d28c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 23686, "end": 23703, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 341", "context": "ipe Line rather than simply rejecting it as unpersuasive); Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 725, 768 N.E.2d at 341 (supreme court’s treatment of the decision in Laurel Pipe Line “suggests the functional test assume", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f681cf2cba20fce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 24280, "end": 24300, "quote": "362 Ill. App. 3d 540", "context": "ign jurisdictions, are better directed to the supreme court. See Robbins v. Allstate Insurance Co., 362 Ill. App. 3d 540, 545, 841 N.E.2d 22, 27 (2005). As we find the First District’s authority on this matter persuasive", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "362 Ill. App. 3d 540", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_362/0540_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6c41c4880304524c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 24307, "end": 24320, "quote": "841 N.E.2d 22", "context": "er directed to the supreme court. See Robbins v. Allstate Insurance Co., 362 Ill. App. 3d 540, 545, 841 N.E.2d 22, 27 (2005). As we find the First District’s authority on this matter persuasive, we agree a gain fr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "841 N.E.2d 22", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "437c42e8ec212d10", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 25245, "end": 25268, "quote": "368 Ill. App. 3d at 636", "context": "ation of the taxpayer’s business and (2) the proceeds were disbursed to the shareholders. Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 636; American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 531-32, 816 N.E.2d at 667-68; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "368 Ill. App. 3d 629", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5e08d1c93d19bf54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 25287, "end": 25313, "quote": "352 Ill. App. 3d at 531-32", "context": "he proceeds were disbursed to the shareholders. Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 636; American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 531-32, 816 N.E.2d at 667-68; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343. We adopt and app", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "352 Ill. App. 3d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "48da1f2fc0bf77de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 25315, "end": 25335, "quote": "816 N.E.2d at 667-68", "context": "o the shareholders. Shakkour, 368 Ill. App. 3d at 636; American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 531-32, 816 N.E.2d at 667-68; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343. We adopt and apply the First District’", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "816 N.E.2d 659", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e5b9fee96099ad00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 25353, "end": 25376, "quote": "329 Ill. App. 3d at 728", "context": " App. 3d at 636; American States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 531-32, 816 N.E.2d at 667-68; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343. We adopt and apply the First District’s approach to our facts here.\nIn June 199", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "329 Ill. App. 3d 714", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0714_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "43d226eaf56f2c88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_369/0977_01/index.html", "start": 25378, "end": 25395, "quote": "768 N.E.2d at 343", "context": " States, 352 Ill. App. 3d at 531-32, 816 N.E.2d at 667-68; Blessing/White, 329 Ill. App. 3d at 728, 768 N.E.2d at 343. We adopt and apply the First District’s approach to our facts here.\nIn June 1995, National Tea and", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "768 N.E.2d 332", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1e2cca07e8209ea7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 1591, "end": 1604, "quote": "section 50(5)", "context": "er then shall not be considered by this court.\nAs a basis for this appeal, the defendants rely upon section 50(5) of the Civil Practice Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1977, ch. 110, par. 50(5)), which stated that:\n“The cour", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd6f2cdb698d0628", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2096, "end": 2115, "quote": "20 Ill. App. 3d 253", "context": "tute. Indeed, it has been held that this statute is to be liberally construed. (Engelke v. Moutell, 20 Ill. App. 3d 253, 313 N.E.2d 613; Hoffman v. Hoffman, 37 Ill. App. 3d 415,346 N.E.2d 114; Czyzewski v. Gleeson, 49 I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 Ill. App. 3d 253", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_20/0253_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "093f1d6a6a864b89", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2117, "end": 2131, "quote": "313 N.E.2d 613", "context": "been held that this statute is to be liberally construed. (Engelke v. Moutell, 20 Ill. App. 3d 253, 313 N.E.2d 613; Hoffman v. Hoffman, 37 Ill. App. 3d 415,346 N.E.2d 114; Czyzewski v. Gleeson, 49 Ill. App. 3d 655,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "313 N.E.2d 613", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d7d2db112f7bfa0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2153, "end": 2172, "quote": "37 Ill. App. 3d 415", "context": " liberally construed. (Engelke v. Moutell, 20 Ill. App. 3d 253, 313 N.E.2d 613; Hoffman v. Hoffman, 37 Ill. App. 3d 415,346 N.E.2d 114; Czyzewski v. Gleeson, 49 Ill. App. 3d 655, 365 N.E.2d 557.) The overriding consider", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "37 Ill. App. 3d 415", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_37/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "813c7ba9dfbdb385", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2173, "end": 2187, "quote": "346 N.E.2d 114", "context": ". (Engelke v. Moutell, 20 Ill. App. 3d 253, 313 N.E.2d 613; Hoffman v. Hoffman, 37 Ill. App. 3d 415,346 N.E.2d 114; Czyzewski v. Gleeson, 49 Ill. App. 3d 655, 365 N.E.2d 557.) The overriding consideration is whethe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "346 N.E.2d 114", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4595c201aa317f87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2211, "end": 2230, "quote": "49 Ill. App. 3d 655", "context": " 253, 313 N.E.2d 613; Hoffman v. Hoffman, 37 Ill. App. 3d 415,346 N.E.2d 114; Czyzewski v. Gleeson, 49 Ill. App. 3d 655, 365 N.E.2d 557.) The overriding consideration is whether the ends of justice will best be served. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 Ill. App. 3d 655", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_49/0655_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "95d2c53c142c1952", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2232, "end": 2246, "quote": "365 N.E.2d 557", "context": " Hoffman v. Hoffman, 37 Ill. App. 3d 415,346 N.E.2d 114; Czyzewski v. Gleeson, 49 Ill. App. 3d 655, 365 N.E.2d 557.) The overriding consideration is whether the ends of justice will best be served. People ex rel. R", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "365 N.E.2d 557", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fa9e2d8bfb7547c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2361, "end": 2375, "quote": "48 Ill. 2d 402", "context": "ng consideration is whether the ends of justice will best be served. People ex rel. Reid v. Adkins, 48 Ill. 2d 402, 270 N.E.2d 841; Hoffman v. Hoffman; Czyzewski v. Gleeson; Engelke v. Moutell; Columbus Savings & L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "48 Ill. 2d 402", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_48/0402_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "01f4d3df6e317cd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2377, "end": 2391, "quote": "270 N.E.2d 841", "context": " is whether the ends of justice will best be served. People ex rel. Reid v. Adkins, 48 Ill. 2d 402, 270 N.E.2d 841; Hoffman v. Hoffman; Czyzewski v. Gleeson; Engelke v. Moutell; Columbus Savings & Loan Association ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "270 N.E.2d 841", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d22a2a4343947f4a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2513, "end": 2532, "quote": "45 Ill. App. 3d 550", "context": "Czyzewski v. Gleeson; Engelke v. Moutell; Columbus Savings & Loan Association v. Century Title Co., 45 Ill. App. 3d 550, 359 N.E.2d 1151; Patrick v. Burgess-Norton Manufacturing Co., 63 Ill. 2d 524, 349 N.E.2d 52.\nThus,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 Ill. App. 3d 550", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_45/0550_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "56f1989238187c43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2534, "end": 2549, "quote": "359 N.E.2d 1151", "context": " Engelke v. Moutell; Columbus Savings & Loan Association v. Century Title Co., 45 Ill. App. 3d 550, 359 N.E.2d 1151; Patrick v. Burgess-Norton Manufacturing Co., 63 Ill. 2d 524, 349 N.E.2d 52.\nThus, the ultimate que", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "359 N.E.2d 1151", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6ae71e594836945", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2596, "end": 2610, "quote": "63 Ill. 2d 524", "context": "ntury Title Co., 45 Ill. App. 3d 550, 359 N.E.2d 1151; Patrick v. Burgess-Norton Manufacturing Co., 63 Ill. 2d 524, 349 N.E.2d 52.\nThus, the ultimate question becomes did the trial court properly exercise its discr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 Ill. 2d 524", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_63/0524_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00bd1cec88e67d4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2612, "end": 2625, "quote": "349 N.E.2d 52", "context": " 45 Ill. App. 3d 550, 359 N.E.2d 1151; Patrick v. Burgess-Norton Manufacturing Co., 63 Ill. 2d 524, 349 N.E.2d 52.\nThus, the ultimate question becomes did the trial court properly exercise its discretion in an att", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "349 N.E.2d 52", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7b74e79fde8f9aa1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2790, "end": 2809, "quote": "45 Ill. App. 3d 917", "context": "y exercise its discretion in an attempt to serve justice. We have been directed to Mohr v. Wiggins, 45 Ill. App. 3d 917,920,360 N.E.2d 421,423, which states:\n“It is undisputed that section 50(5) (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1973, c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 Ill. App. 3d 917", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_45/0917_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e7a248ede9247b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2814, "end": 2828, "quote": "360 N.E.2d 421", "context": "n in an attempt to serve justice. We have been directed to Mohr v. Wiggins, 45 Ill. App. 3d 917,920,360 N.E.2d 421,423, which states:\n“It is undisputed that section 50(5) (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1973, ch. 110, par. 50(5))", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "360 N.E.2d 421", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ed9aa8784c9dc999", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 2871, "end": 2884, "quote": "section 50(5)", "context": "o Mohr v. Wiggins, 45 Ill. App. 3d 917,920,360 N.E.2d 421,423, which states:\n“It is undisputed that section 50(5) (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1973, ch. 110, par. 50(5)) no longer mandates that affidavits be submitted in supp", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f29b3b75de19f320", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 3302, "end": 3315, "quote": "section 50(5)", "context": " vacated was entered with\nprejudice. We agree. It is stated in the Historical and Practice Notes to section 50(5) (Ill. Ann. Stat., ch. 110, par. 50(5), Historical and Practical Notes at 404 (Smith-Hurd 1968), tha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "62dd0f52cd128c06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 4078, "end": 4097, "quote": "54 Ill. App. 3d 593", "context": "etion. The plaintiffs are also entitled to have justice served. See Brown v. Drovers National Bank, 54 Ill. App. 3d 593, 370 N.E.2d 30.\nWe cannot find and do not find that the trial court either abused its discretion or", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 Ill. App. 3d 593", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_54/0593_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "678575ec34e9aa97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_66/0076_01/index.html", "start": 4099, "end": 4112, "quote": "370 N.E.2d 30", "context": " are also entitled to have justice served. See Brown v. Drovers National Bank, 54 Ill. App. 3d 593, 370 N.E.2d 30.\nWe cannot find and do not find that the trial court either abused its discretion or that the ends ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "370 N.E.2d 30", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c74328b075cb1eec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_9/1006_01/index.html", "start": 715, "end": 727, "quote": "386 U.S. 738", "context": "ave to withdraw as appellate counsel. Pursuant to the requirements set out in Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738, a brief in support of the petition has also been filed. That brief states in effect that an appeal", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "386 U.S. 738", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e689cca6e44fe3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_9/1006_01/index.html", "start": 1895, "end": 1908, "quote": "35 Ill.2d 589", "context": "not available to review errors of a non-jurisdictional nature. (People ex rel. Skinner v. Randolph, 35 Ill.2d 589, 221 N.E.2d 279; People ex rel. Rose v. Randolph, 33 Ill.2d 453, 211 N.E.2d 685.) The defendant’s o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "35 Ill. 2d 589", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_35/0589_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "13523080f7cabad3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_9/1006_01/index.html", "start": 1910, "end": 1924, "quote": "221 N.E.2d 279", "context": "o review errors of a non-jurisdictional nature. (People ex rel. Skinner v. Randolph, 35 Ill.2d 589, 221 N.E.2d 279; People ex rel. Rose v. Randolph, 33 Ill.2d 453, 211 N.E.2d 685.) The defendant’s original convicti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "221 N.E.2d 279", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "de5fe769c033bf6a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_9/1006_01/index.html", "start": 1959, "end": 1972, "quote": "33 Ill.2d 453", "context": "People ex rel. Skinner v. Randolph, 35 Ill.2d 589, 221 N.E.2d 279; People ex rel. Rose v. Randolph, 33 Ill.2d 453, 211 N.E.2d 685.) The defendant’s original conviction is not void and nothing has happened since it", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "33 Ill. 2d 453", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_33/0453_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c3be0c64c4dae039", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_9/1006_01/index.html", "start": 1974, "end": 1988, "quote": "211 N.E.2d 685", "context": "Skinner v. Randolph, 35 Ill.2d 589, 221 N.E.2d 279; People ex rel. Rose v. Randolph, 33 Ill.2d 453, 211 N.E.2d 685.) The defendant’s original conviction is not void and nothing has happened since its rendition to e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "211 N.E.2d 685", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5bf7778288158653", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_9/1006_01/index.html", "start": 2159, "end": 2171, "quote": "44 Ill.2d 31", "context": "ened since its rendition to entitle the defendant to release. People ex rel. Jefferson v. Brantley, 44 Ill.2d 31, 253 N.E.2d 378.\nOur examination of the record, as required by Anders, reveals no arguable error, a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 Ill. 2d 31", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill-2d/volume_44/0031_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "36735769d991df97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app-3d/volume_9/1006_01/index.html", "start": 2173, "end": 2187, "quote": "253 N.E.2d 378", "context": " rendition to entitle the defendant to release. People ex rel. Jefferson v. Brantley, 44 Ill.2d 31, 253 N.E.2d 378.\nOur examination of the record, as required by Anders, reveals no arguable error, and we have concl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "253 N.E.2d 378", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8833da11dac1ae08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 418, "end": 429, "quote": "section 656", "context": "451 South Wood street, had on the roof when he bought it “a grand stand,” as the same is defined in section 656 of the Municipal Code of Chicago; that is tiers of wooden seats rising one above the other. Seats o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06fd249c7beb354f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 4735, "end": 4746, "quote": "section 656", "context": "ue such a permit would be in violation of certain ordinances of the city of Chicago, and especially section 656 of the Kevised Municipal Code of Chicago of 1905.\nSaid section 656 is set forth in full in the answ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94e3c17806004942", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 4802, "end": 4813, "quote": "section 656", "context": " city of Chicago, and especially section 656 of the Kevised Municipal Code of Chicago of 1905.\nSaid section 656 is set forth in full in the answer and as we think the decision of this case properly turns upon it", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d3ceba0df4f9dd11", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 5706, "end": 5717, "quote": "section 656", "context": ", and continuing nuisances and menaces to the community, and that they were erected in violation of section 656 of the Municipal Code as there set forth. The bill sets out various ordinances of the city bearing ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "beb593d4307eb984", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 7968, "end": 7979, "quote": "section 722", "context": "o governing the use of tenement buildings combined with a roof used for spectatorial purposes under section 722 of the Revised Municipal Code of Chicago of 1905.” The decree proceeds: “As soon as he shall have c", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5419f86f0afecf04", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 8618, "end": 8629, "quote": "section 722", "context": " used for spectatorial purposes,” and the practical identification of such supposed ordinances with section 722 of the Revised Municipal Code of 1905, makes desirable the recital herein of that section, the rela", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff153ee1fd44ce23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 8746, "end": 8757, "quote": "section 656", "context": "unicipal Code of 1905, makes desirable the recital herein of that section, the relation of which to section 656, heretofore quoted, is the turning point of this case as we view it.\nSection 722 is as follows:\n“It", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "52a1d8dfd5c69345", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 8827, "end": 8838, "quote": "Section 722", "context": "lation of which to section 656, heretofore quoted, is the turning point of this case as we view it.\nSection 722 is as follows:\n“It shall be unlawful for any person, whether owner, lessee, manager or person in co", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ff9f23def388a8ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 9604, "end": 9615, "quote": "Section 723", "context": "torial purposes for a number of persons not exceeding ten and when no admission fee is charged. ’ ’\nSection 723, which is also alluded to in the findings of the decree, hereinafter to be mentioned as involved in", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4b6951ef4b28a472", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 10378, "end": 10389, "quote": "Section 656", "context": "The court doth further find that defendant to the bill and complainant to the cross bill introduced Section 656 Revised Municipal Code of Chicago of 1905, and doth find that said section 656 of said Revised Muni", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1cdcb518a173665", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 10457, "end": 10468, "quote": "section 656", "context": "ross bill introduced Section 656 Revised Municipal Code of Chicago of 1905, and doth find that said section 656 of said Revised Municipal Code of Chicago of 1905 is not applicable to this structure, to which fin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2bcbd072aeb9966b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 10761, "end": 10773, "quote": "sections 722", "context": "e court doth further find that complainants to the bill and defendants to the cross bill introduced sections 722 and 723 Bevised Municipal Code of Chicago, and the court doth find that said sections 722 and 723 o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "917550bbd81af4df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 10851, "end": 10863, "quote": "sections 722", "context": "ntroduced sections 722 and 723 Bevised Municipal Code of Chicago, and the court doth find that said sections 722 and 723 of said Bevised Municipal Code of Chicago of 1905 applied to said building and the grand st", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d06e2bf48b25eab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 11711, "end": 11722, "quote": "section 656", "context": "of the block or square in which said stands are respectively located.\nIt therefore is plain that if section 656 applies to them both, the grand stands in question are in violation of the ordinance and the appell", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "750a8eaad4b0dd2e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 11994, "end": 12005, "quote": "section 656", "context": "ance.\nThe basis of the argument of appellee and of the finding of the court is the proposition that section 656 of the Code does not apply to grand stands erected on the roofs of brick buildings, “as it is,” cou", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4120e9ae89d278c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 12295, "end": 12307, "quote": "sections 722", "context": " buildings.” The» stands in question, they say, are part of a brick building.\nAgain it is said that sections 722 and 723 “relate specifically to stands on buildingsand must control the inconsistent provision in r", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "363ae682bd505c8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 12433, "end": 12444, "quote": "section 656", "context": "lly to stands on buildingsand must control the inconsistent provision in relation to such stands in section 656 if that section should otherwise be held to apply.\nBoth these propositions are fallacious.\nTiers of", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d321d511e70d1b4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 12617, "end": 12628, "quote": "section 656", "context": "ns are fallacious.\nTiers of wooden seats rising one above tbe other are “grand stands” regulated by section 656 of the Code just as much when they are erected on the roof of a brick building as when they are ere", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c71ba65d2347296", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 13112, "end": 13123, "quote": "section 656", "context": "t them is properly enough placed in a chapter thus entitled.\nNor is there any inconsistency between section 656 on the one hand and sections 722 and 723 on the other which calls for any reconciliation or which m", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "429b7e22c5a2d998", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 13144, "end": 13156, "quote": "sections 722", "context": " in a chapter thus entitled.\nNor is there any inconsistency between section 656 on the one hand and sections 722 and 723 on the other which calls for any reconciliation or which makes 722 and 723 applicable to th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d17013b0a1c40b92", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_160/0106_01/index.html", "start": 13603, "end": 13615, "quote": "section 656.", "context": "t; but they leave the matter of erecting and maintaining grand stands on them where it is placed by section 656.\nOur conclusion is, therefore, that this decree should be reversed and the cause remanded with instr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5b54e537686413a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_33/0366_01/index.html", "start": 1374, "end": 1385, "quote": "70 Ill. 297", "context": "court can see that the jury may have been influenced to the injury of the appellant. Yolk v. Roche, 70 Ill. 297; Cushman v. Cogswell, 86 Ill. 62; Wabash Ry. Co. v. Henks, 91 Ill. 406; C., B. & Q. R. R. Co. v. Wa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 Ill. 297", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_70/0297_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "34278aa2dc053423", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_33/0366_01/index.html", "start": 1408, "end": 1418, "quote": "86 Ill. 62", "context": "ve been influenced to the injury of the appellant. Yolk v. Roche, 70 Ill. 297; Cushman v. Cogswell, 86 Ill. 62; Wabash Ry. Co. v. Henks, 91 Ill. 406; C., B. & Q. R. R. Co. v. Warner, 108 Ill. 564.\nAmong other i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 Ill. 62", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_86/0062_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ae0f0db9a72df40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_33/0366_01/index.html", "start": 1445, "end": 1456, "quote": "91 Ill. 406", "context": "he appellant. Yolk v. Roche, 70 Ill. 297; Cushman v. Cogswell, 86 Ill. 62; Wabash Ry. Co. v. Henks, 91 Ill. 406; C., B. & Q. R. R. Co. v. Warner, 108 Ill. 564.\nAmong other instructions given to the jury by the c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Ill. 406", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_91/0406_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb35c63e34f22af0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_33/0366_01/index.html", "start": 1491, "end": 1503, "quote": "108 Ill. 564", "context": "man v. Cogswell, 86 Ill. 62; Wabash Ry. Co. v. Henks, 91 Ill. 406; C., B. & Q. R. R. Co. v. Warner, 108 Ill. 564.\nAmong other instructions given to the jury by the court at the request of appellee were the follow", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 Ill. 564", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a00f8aee43ed5d04", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_33/0366_01/index.html", "start": 4633, "end": 4649, "quote": "16 Ill. App. 354", "context": ", leaving the jury to include any elements of damages they might think proper.” McGinnis v. Berven, 16 Ill. App. 354.\nTrue, the said instructions refer to other instructions in the case as to the measure of damages, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 Ill. App. 354", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_16/0354_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "df643f3aa3e05a18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_33/0366_01/index.html", "start": 6621, "end": 6632, "quote": "69 Ill. 426", "context": "ent addressed to them by the court to render a large verdict? ” C., R. I. & P. R. R. Co. v. Austin, 69 Ill. 426.\nThere are other errors assigned, but as they will probably not be repeated on another trial we do ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 Ill. 426", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_69/0426_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9ccc99d29fcc7c26", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 616, "end": 625, "quote": "33 Ill. 9", "context": "ve the thing done which is sought, and by the person or body sought to be coerced. People v. Hatch, 33 Ill. 9; People v. Mayor, 51 Ill. 17; S. & I. S. Ry. Co. v. Clerk, 74 Ill. 27; Hall v. People, 57 Ill. 307;", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "33 Ill. 9", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_33/0009_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "819650b551f59867", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 644, "end": 654, "quote": "51 Ill. 17", "context": "ought, and by the person or body sought to be coerced. People v. Hatch, 33 Ill. 9; People v. Mayor, 51 Ill. 17; S. & I. S. Ry. Co. v. Clerk, 74 Ill. 27; Hall v. People, 57 Ill. 307; County v. People, 85 Ill. 39", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 Ill. 17", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_51/0017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4a7debaa7b3f6c13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 685, "end": 695, "quote": "74 Ill. 27", "context": "o be coerced. People v. Hatch, 33 Ill. 9; People v. Mayor, 51 Ill. 17; S. & I. S. Ry. Co. v. Clerk, 74 Ill. 27; Hall v. People, 57 Ill. 307; County v. People, 85 Ill. 396; People v. Lieb, Id. 484; People v. Tru", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 Ill. 27", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_74/0027_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "802648e58993e308", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 713, "end": 724, "quote": "57 Ill. 307", "context": "h, 33 Ill. 9; People v. Mayor, 51 Ill. 17; S. & I. S. Ry. Co. v. Clerk, 74 Ill. 27; Hall v. People, 57 Ill. 307; County v. People, 85 Ill. 396; People v. Lieb, Id. 484; People v. Trustees, 86 Ill. 613; People v.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 Ill. 307", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_57/0307_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d58884c34d635783", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 744, "end": 755, "quote": "85 Ill. 396", "context": "51 Ill. 17; S. & I. S. Ry. Co. v. Clerk, 74 Ill. 27; Hall v. People, 57 Ill. 307; County v. People, 85 Ill. 396; People v. Lieb, Id. 484; People v. Trustees, 86 Ill. 613; People v. Davis, 93 Ill. 133; People v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 Ill. 396", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_85/0396_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f418585ed0ac46c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 773, "end": 780, "quote": "Id. 484", "context": ". v. Clerk, 74 Ill. 27; Hall v. People, 57 Ill. 307; County v. People, 85 Ill. 396; People v. Lieb, Id. 484; People v. Trustees, 86 Ill. 613; People v. Davis, 93 Ill. 133; People v. Crotty, Id. 180; People v", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "85 Ill. 396", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_85/0396_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bf21202a81ddb92a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 802, "end": 813, "quote": "86 Ill. 613", "context": "v. People, 57 Ill. 307; County v. People, 85 Ill. 396; People v. Lieb, Id. 484; People v. Trustees, 86 Ill. 613; People v. Davis, 93 Ill. 133; People v. Crotty, Id. 180; People v. Johnson, 100 Ill. 537; Trustees", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 Ill. 613", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_86/0613_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7aaab31482342d3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 832, "end": 843, "quote": "93 Ill. 133", "context": " v. People, 85 Ill. 396; People v. Lieb, Id. 484; People v. Trustees, 86 Ill. 613; People v. Davis, 93 Ill. 133; People v. Crotty, Id. 180; People v. Johnson, 100 Ill. 537; Trustees v. People, 121 Ill. 552; Peop", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 Ill. 133", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_93/0133_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "57df94c20c9d6b20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 863, "end": 870, "quote": "Id. 180", "context": " v. Lieb, Id. 484; People v. Trustees, 86 Ill. 613; People v. Davis, 93 Ill. 133; People v. Crotty, Id. 180; People v. Johnson, 100 Ill. 537; Trustees v. People, 121 Ill. 552; People v. Commissioners, 176 Il", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "93 Ill. 133", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_93/0133_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "035ea1567cb5cf20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 891, "end": 903, "quote": "100 Ill. 537", "context": " Trustees, 86 Ill. 613; People v. Davis, 93 Ill. 133; People v. Crotty, Id. 180; People v. Johnson, 100 Ill. 537; Trustees v. People, 121 Ill. 552; People v. Commissioners, 176 Ill. 576; People v. Sellers, 179 Il", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 Ill. 537", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_100/0537_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4fd4de43b190f1e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 925, "end": 937, "quote": "121 Ill. 552", "context": "Davis, 93 Ill. 133; People v. Crotty, Id. 180; People v. Johnson, 100 Ill. 537; Trustees v. People, 121 Ill. 552; People v. Commissioners, 176 Ill. 576; People v. Sellers, 179 Ill. 170; C., G. W. R. R. Co. v. Peo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "121 Ill. 552", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_121/0552_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "98b6d3cfb23810e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 964, "end": 976, "quote": "176 Ill. 576", "context": "d. 180; People v. Johnson, 100 Ill. 537; Trustees v. People, 121 Ill. 552; People v. Commissioners, 176 Ill. 576; People v. Sellers, 179 Ill. 170; C., G. W. R. R. Co. v. People, Id. 441; People v. Commissioners, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "176 Ill. 576", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_176/0576_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9b801d994c809c57", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 997, "end": 1009, "quote": "179 Ill. 170", "context": "l. 537; Trustees v. People, 121 Ill. 552; People v. Commissioners, 176 Ill. 576; People v. Sellers, 179 Ill. 170; C., G. W. R. R. Co. v. People, Id. 441; People v. Commissioners, 180 Ill. 160.\nBut the pleader her", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "179 Ill. 170", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_179/0170_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9117ec77f1b58a8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 1042, "end": 1049, "quote": "Id. 441", "context": "ple v. Commissioners, 176 Ill. 576; People v. Sellers, 179 Ill. 170; C., G. W. R. R. Co. v. People, Id. 441; People v. Commissioners, 180 Ill. 160.\nBut the pleader here, as elsewhere in common law pleadings,", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "706b8e23465522d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill-app/volume_95/0285_01/index.html", "start": 1076, "end": 1088, "quote": "180 Ill. 160", "context": "; People v. Sellers, 179 Ill. 170; C., G. W. R. R. Co. v. People, Id. 441; People v. Commissioners, 180 Ill. 160.\nBut the pleader here, as elsewhere in common law pleadings, is not bound to plead evidence or publ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "180 Ill. 160", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_180/0160_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6209d94815f84c1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_223/0108_01/index.html", "start": 338, "end": 343, "quote": "§500.", "context": "d Frank T. Gehrig, the alleged distracted person, one year after the death of the widow, the sum of §500. Testator died in 1895, and his will was admitted to probate in November of that year. About October", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "547d766045e7009d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_223/0108_01/index.html", "start": 8897, "end": 8908, "quote": "97 Ill. 220", "context": "ere of the contrary opinion. Mere mental weakness, as was said by this court in Pickerell v. Morss, 97 Ill. 220, will not authorize a court of equity to set aside an executed contract if such weakness does not a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 Ill. 220", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_97/0220_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "be1bf4f9bcc2009a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_284/0343_01/index.html", "start": 11074, "end": 11092, "quote": "92 N. Y. Supp. 466", "context": "ot appear to have been heretofore decided by this court. In Kirkpatrick v. Allemannia Fire Ins. Co. 92 N. Y. Supp. 466, the appellate division of the Supreme Court held, in substance, that a corporation could not recov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 N.Y.S. 466", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "891f087223cca2bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_284/0343_01/index.html", "start": 12703, "end": 12716, "quote": "184 N. Y. 546", "context": " Appeals of New York affirmed the judgment of the Supreme Court. Kirkpatrick v. Allemannia Ins. Co. 184 N. Y. 546.\nThe circuit court of appeals of the United States for the third circuit- followed the case above c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "184 N.Y. 546", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_184/0546_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec99c162e0c697ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_284/0343_01/index.html", "start": 16718, "end": 16730, "quote": "241 Ill. 610", "context": "confined to the subject matter of examination in chief. Brennan v. Chicago and Carterville Coal Co. 241 Ill. 610.\nWe have examined the instructions of the court carefully and find that they are all substantially ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "241 Ill. 610", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_241/0610_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6b3f7eb3736e49af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 2740, "end": 2752, "quote": "192 Ill. 101", "context": "tion of the person does not confer jurisdiction of the subject matter. Eggleston v. Royal Trust Co. 192 Ill. 101.\nFirst, then, is the question whether the village was required by the Workmen’s Compensation act to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "192 Ill. 101", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_192/0101_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4092dd6236336838", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 2997, "end": 3007, "quote": "section 19", "context": "ovisions of the Practice act exempting municipalities from giving bonds on appeal. Paragraph (/) of section 19 of the Workmen’s Compensation act provides as follows: “No such writ of certiorari shall issue unle", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5336bd4bc09d8474", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 4261, "end": 4272, "quote": "293 Ill. 62", "context": "only in the manner provided by that statute. Central Illinois Public Service Co. v. Industrial Com. 293 Ill. 62; Moweaqua Coal Co. v. Industrial Com. 322 id. 403.\nThe Practice act has no application to proceedin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "293 Ill. 62", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_293/0062_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "63d544cd0dee371f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 4315, "end": 4322, "quote": "id. 403", "context": "llinois Public Service Co. v. Industrial Com. 293 Ill. 62; Moweaqua Coal Co. v. Industrial Com. 322 id. 403.\nThe Practice act has no application to proceedings under the Workmen’s Compensation act in so far ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3960560a30c71a12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 5110, "end": 5122, "quote": "329 Ill. 623", "context": "the necessity for a judgment and at the same time protect the employee. (Nierman v. Industrial Com. 329 Ill. 623.) This is properly so because awards of compensation usually extend over a period of years. Paragra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "329 Ill. 623", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_329/0623_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff05888a0d53ba3b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 5232, "end": 5242, "quote": "section 19", "context": " properly so because awards of compensation usually extend over a period of years. Paragraph (g) of section 19 provides for a judgment in those cases where no review of the award of the commission is sought and", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3be39e9c7b28ee45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 6789, "end": 6795, "quote": "supra,", "context": "he time of its filing is not a bond as required by the act. In Moweaqua Coal Co. v. Industrial Com. supra, a writ of certiorari was issued to review an award for compensation. The employee filed a motion to", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7395e4cabad0de5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 7039, "end": 7050, "quote": "section 19.", "context": " exhibited to the clerk a receipt showing the payment of the costs, as required by paragraph (/) of section 19. It was held that this provision of the statute was a condition precedent to acquiring jurisdiction ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a7d01e7902e3357", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 7896, "end": 7906, "quote": "section 19", "context": "om inspection of the record, extrinsic evidence may be heard on a motion to quash. Paragraph (/) of section 19 does not require that the receipt showing payment of costs be filed with the clerk when the pnccipe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b24829e96deb6cc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 9399, "end": 9410, "quote": "210 Ill. 50", "context": "ords may not be amended by affidavit as here attempted. Such records import verity. ( Wolf v. Hope, 210 Ill. 50; Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Co. v. Lee, 68 id. 576.) We are of the opinion, therefore,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "210 Ill. 50", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_210/0050_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "136c7f5547a7a0d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 9467, "end": 9474, "quote": "id. 576", "context": " import verity. ( Wolf v. Hope, 210 Ill. 50; Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Co. v. Lee, 68 id. 576.) We are of the opinion, therefore, that the court did not obtain jurisdiction of the subject matte", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01f7889974e35065", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 9888, "end": 9900, "quote": "163 Ill. 207", "context": " of its own motion dismiss the proceeding where want of such jurisdiction appears. Evans v. Pierce, 163 Ill. 207; Swift v. People, 160 id. 561; Millard v. Board of Education, 116 id. 23; Wright v. People, 92 id. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "163 Ill. 207", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_163/0207_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cb458bcc8191685e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 9923, "end": 9930, "quote": "id. 561", "context": "eeding where want of such jurisdiction appears. Evans v. Pierce, 163 Ill. 207; Swift v. People, 160 id. 561; Millard v. Board of Education, 116 id. 23; Wright v. People, 92 id. 596.\nCounsel for the plaintiff", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "054bab57e5f51ab8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 9967, "end": 9973, "quote": "id. 23", "context": "rs. Evans v. Pierce, 163 Ill. 207; Swift v. People, 160 id. 561; Millard v. Board of Education, 116 id. 23; Wright v. People, 92 id. 596.\nCounsel for the plaintiff in error have cited numerous cases in supp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b1232eb1b8c0879", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 9996, "end": 10003, "quote": "id. 596", "context": " 207; Swift v. People, 160 id. 561; Millard v. Board of Education, 116 id. 23; Wright v. People, 92 id. 596.\nCounsel for the plaintiff in error have cited numerous cases in support of the contention that jur", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e34e1d08367dfa38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_354/0190_01/index.html", "start": 11534, "end": 11546, "quote": "301 Ill. 381", "context": "hich can be waived by the act or failure of the party affected. (Taylor Coal Co. v. Industrial Com. 301 Ill. 381.) Such is not the rule, however, where jurisdiction of the subject matter depends on compliance wit", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "301 Ill. 381", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_301/0381_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f2b97036d99db489", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ill/volume_83/0194_01/index.html", "start": 2368, "end": 2378, "quote": "section 23", "context": "lee as rendered it his duty to refuse to pay the money to the attorneys.\nThis is a proceeding under section 23, of chapter 125, Rev. Stat. 1874, page 991, wherein it is provided, that “if any sheriff unreasonab", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bee6b5f6497b27d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_40/1003_01/index.html", "start": 103, "end": 114, "quote": "49 AD2d 452", "context": "der affirmed, with costs, on the opinion by Mr. Justice J. Irwin Shapiro at the Appellate Division (49 AD2d 452).\nConcur: Chief Judge Breitel and Judges Jasen, Gabrielli, Jones, Wachtler, Fuchsberg and Cooke.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 A.D.2d 452", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_49/0452_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68fffca3303387f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_50/0876_01/index.html", "start": 114, "end": 125, "quote": "68 AD2d 944", "context": "E COURT\nOrder affirmed, with costs, for reasons stated in the memorandum at the Appellate Division (68 AD2d 944) inasmuch as that view more nearly conforms to the weight of the credible evidence.\nConcur: Chief J", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 A.D.2d 944", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_68/0944_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "221369ca89ad754c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_58/0867_01/index.html", "start": 169, "end": 180, "quote": "86 AD2d 435", "context": "ted in Parts I and II of the opinion by Justice Stewart F. Hancock, Jr., at the Appellate Division (86 AD2d 435).\nConcur: Chief Judge Cooke and Judges Jasen, Jones, Wachtler, Fuchsberg and Meyer. Taking no part:", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 A.D.2d 435", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_86/0435_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "322c9a9985f27ba9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_89/0905_01/index.html", "start": 1135, "end": 1147, "quote": "217 AD2d 133", "context": "included offense or an offense of lesser degree or grade than the charged counts contained therein (217 AD2d 133). A Justice of the Appellate Division granted defendant leave to appeal.\nThe plea colloquy leading ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "217 A.D.2d 133", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_217/0133_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a26449d48e2baac4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_89/0905_01/index.html", "start": 1767, "end": 1770, "quote": "§ 6", "context": "espects, are jurisdictional in nature because of constitutional implications (see, NY Const, art I, § 6). Section 220.10 provides that \"[t]he only kinds of pleas which may be entered to an indictment are", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7aa526fc4efbb28", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_89/0905_01/index.html", "start": 1773, "end": 1787, "quote": "Section 220.10", "context": "s, are jurisdictional in nature because of constitutional implications (see, NY Const, art I, § 6). Section 220.10 provides that \"[t]he only kinds of pleas which may be entered to an indictment are those specified ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f169674f89ac818f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_89/0905_01/index.html", "start": 2656, "end": 2663, "quote": "§ 342-a", "context": "ia on plea bargains for lesser offenses, than its predecessor statute (see, former Code of Crim Pro § 342-a; People v O’Connor, 14 NY2d 62; People v Griffin, 7 NY2d 511).\nCriminal sale of a controlled substa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a39bb94484e4650c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_89/0905_01/index.html", "start": 2684, "end": 2694, "quote": "14 NY2d 62", "context": "er offenses, than its predecessor statute (see, former Code of Crim Pro § 342-a; People v O’Connor, 14 NY2d 62; People v Griffin, 7 NY2d 511).\nCriminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree is not ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 N.Y.2d 62", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_14/0062_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0597b773ca68a8af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_89/0905_01/index.html", "start": 2714, "end": 2724, "quote": "7 NY2d 511", "context": "sor statute (see, former Code of Crim Pro § 342-a; People v O’Connor, 14 NY2d 62; People v Griffin, 7 NY2d 511).\nCriminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree is not a lesser included offense of c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 N.Y.2d 511", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_7/0511_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e68895dc9b381b8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_89/0905_01/index.html", "start": 3356, "end": 3367, "quote": "19 NY2d 150", "context": "ance upon precedent decided under the former Code of Criminal Procedure. Following People v Foster (19 NY2d 150), we have approved of a plea to the technically nonexistent crime of an attempt to commit a specifi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 N.Y.2d 150", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_19/0150_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae4ad22169a7c724", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_89/0905_01/index.html", "start": 3673, "end": 3684, "quote": "81 NY2d 810", "context": "cluded offense as an attempt under the general definition of CPL 1.20 (37) (see, People v Martinez, 81 NY2d 810 [plea to attempted manslaughter in the first degree]). Also following People v Foster (supra), we h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 N.Y.2d 810", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_81/0810_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "d191dfe761d8a963", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_89/0905_01/index.html", "start": 3771, "end": 3779, "quote": "(supra),", "context": ", 81 NY2d 810 [plea to attempted manslaughter in the first degree]). Also following People v Foster (supra), we have approved of a plea to a lesser crime technically inconsistent with the crime charged, albei", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "19 N.Y.2d 150", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_19/0150_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c676a76918630d0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_89/0905_01/index.html", "start": 3957, "end": 3969, "quote": "57 NY2d 1035", "context": "e crime charged, albeit sharing common elements and involving the same victim (see, People v Adams, 57 NY2d 1035, 1038 [plea to manslaughter, first degree, in satisfaction of a felony murder count involving the s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 N.Y.2d 1035", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_57/1035_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "507069b35969c77c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 302, "end": 310, "quote": "§ 9-103.", "context": "lity for plaintiffs injuries by invoking the statutory immunity afforded by General Obligations Law § 9-103. Because we conclude that the hill where the accident occurred was part of a supervised public park ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "358c751d2f80e936", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 458, "end": 465, "quote": "§ 9-103", "context": "ident occurred was part of a supervised public park not within the ambit of General Obligations Law § 9-103 immunity, we reverse the order of the Appellate Division.\nPlaintiff Patrick Sena was injured on Jan", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f00bc45da446a5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 1679, "end": 1686, "quote": "§ 9-103", "context": "smissing the complaint, arguing that, as a matter of law, the provisions of General Obligations Law § 9-103 immunized it from liability for plaintiffs injuries. Defendant’s motion was denied, and defendant d", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "586dcc6f85af704e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 2616, "end": 2623, "quote": "§ 9-103", "context": "ic park. The jury had not been charged on the issue of the applicability of General Obligations Law § 9-103, nor was the jury asked to decide if the property was a supervised public park or recreational faci", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a293f73d93bf621e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 2872, "end": 2884, "quote": "244 AD2d 679", "context": "ecide.\nBy a divided vote, the Appellate Division reversed, on the law, and dismissed the complaint (244 AD2d 679). The majority found that the hill (a former gravel pit) upon which plaintiff was injured had been ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "244 A.D.2d 679", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_244/0679_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6bba632af6a352f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 3183, "end": 3190, "quote": "§ 9-103", "context": "ble for recreational purposes within the contemplation of the provisions of General Obligations Law § 9-103, and that defendant should be relieved of any liability for plaintiffs injuries. The majority also ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbacce73473f7888", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 3492, "end": 3503, "quote": "68 NY2d 446", "context": "ularly supervised public park or recreational facility as defined in Ferres v City of New Rochelle (68 NY2d 446).\nTwo Justices dissented, on the law, concluding that the Town-owned property in question was a sup", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 N.Y.2d 446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8cd06b4536930b03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 3684, "end": 3691, "quote": "§ 9-103", "context": " question was a supervised public park, so that defendant could not rely on General Obligations Law § 9-103 to escape liability. In support of this conclusion, the dissenting Justices maintained that:\n“Defen", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39bcbf7e33c88a0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 4465, "end": 4472, "quote": "§ 9-103", "context": "the conclusion that this was a supervised Town park and that the defense of General Obligations Law § 9-103 was unavailable to the defendant”. (244 AD2d, at 681.)\nPlaintiffs appeal to this Court as of right ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "37ba8f88df2b2e40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 4509, "end": 4525, "quote": "244 AD2d, at 681", "context": "wn park and that the defense of General Obligations Law § 9-103 was unavailable to the defendant”. (244 AD2d, at 681.)\nPlaintiffs appeal to this Court as of right pursuant to CPLR 5601 (a), and we now reverse.\nGenera", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "244 A.D.2d 679", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_244/0679_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7727e81c8b714b01", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 4643, "end": 4650, "quote": "§ 9-103", "context": "al to this Court as of right pursuant to CPLR 5601 (a), and we now reverse.\nGeneral Obligations Law § 9-103 “ ‘grants immunity for ordinary negligence to landowners who permit members of the public to come o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a90a89e3e5aee23a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 4844, "end": 4855, "quote": "88 NY2d 656", "context": "come on their property to engage in several enumerated recreational activities’ ” (Albright v Metz, 88 NY2d 656, 661-662, quoting Bragg v Genesee County Agric. Socy., 84 NY2d 544, 546-547), including “tobogganin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 N.Y.2d 656", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/0656_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5c94333c285f4431", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 4911, "end": 4922, "quote": "84 NY2d 544", "context": " activities’ ” (Albright v Metz, 88 NY2d 656, 661-662, quoting Bragg v Genesee County Agric. Socy., 84 NY2d 544, 546-547), including “tobogganing” and “sledding.” The statute was promulgated to encourage propert", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "84 N.Y.2d 544", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_84/0544_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f35c2a69c80b452", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 5216, "end": 5227, "quote": "83 NY2d 520", "context": "ities, without fear of liability for injuries suffered by recreationists (see, Farnham v Kittinger, 83 NY2d 520, 523; Ferres v City of New Rochelle, supra, 68 NY2d, at 451). Thus the Legislature, in drafting the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 N.Y.2d 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a57493e6f3800183", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 5265, "end": 5270, "quote": "supra", "context": "fered by recreationists (see, Farnham v Kittinger, 83 NY2d 520, 523; Ferres v City of New Rochelle, supra, 68 NY2d, at 451). Thus the Legislature, in drafting the statute, intended a quid pro quo, whereby ", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e42b8f08adafa671", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 5272, "end": 5287, "quote": "68 NY2d, at 451", "context": "y recreationists (see, Farnham v Kittinger, 83 NY2d 520, 523; Ferres v City of New Rochelle, supra, 68 NY2d, at 451). Thus the Legislature, in drafting the statute, intended a quid pro quo, whereby property owners w", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "68 N.Y.2d 446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7bbdbaae368650a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 5522, "end": 5527, "quote": "supra", "context": "in return for permitting recreationists access to their undeveloped land (see, Farnham v Kittinger, supra, 83 NY2d, at 523; Ferres v City of New Rochelle, supra, 68 NY2d, at 454).\nWhen General Obligations ", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cdec420804b852a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 5529, "end": 5544, "quote": "83 NY2d, at 523", "context": "rn for permitting recreationists access to their undeveloped land (see, Farnham v Kittinger, supra, 83 NY2d, at 523; Ferres v City of New Rochelle, supra, 68 NY2d, at 454).\nWhen General Obligations Law § 9-103 appli", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "83 N.Y.2d 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a65fa13df47729a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 5577, "end": 5582, "quote": "supra", "context": " undeveloped land (see, Farnham v Kittinger, supra, 83 NY2d, at 523; Ferres v City of New Rochelle, supra, 68 NY2d, at 454).\nWhen General Obligations Law § 9-103 applies, in order to be successful, “plaint", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8fdef55b10a8b0a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 5584, "end": 5599, "quote": "68 NY2d, at 454", "context": "loped land (see, Farnham v Kittinger, supra, 83 NY2d, at 523; Ferres v City of New Rochelle, supra, 68 NY2d, at 454).\nWhen General Obligations Law § 9-103 applies, in order to be successful, “plaintiff must prove th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "68 N.Y.2d 446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa857b3274bb9279", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 5631, "end": 5638, "quote": "§ 9-103", "context": " NY2d, at 523; Ferres v City of New Rochelle, supra, 68 NY2d, at 454).\nWhen General Obligations Law § 9-103 applies, in order to be successful, “plaintiff must prove that the defendant willfully or malicious", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5890aba254bd3497", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 5902, "end": 5913, "quote": "60 NY2d 183", "context": "tructure or activity. The defendant’s negligence, if any, is immaterial” (Sega v State of New York, 60 NY2d 183, 192). In general, the statute is properly applied where “ ‘(1) the plaintiff is engaged in one of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 N.Y.2d 183", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_60/0183_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4c4ce8a2e526ceb7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6042, "end": 6055, "quote": "section 9-103", "context": "te is properly applied where “ ‘(1) the plaintiff is engaged in one of the activities identified in section 9-103 and (2) the plaintiff is recreating on land suitable for that activity’ ” (Albright v Metz, supra, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b96d2dda5b368394", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6148, "end": 6153, "quote": "supra", "context": "n 9-103 and (2) the plaintiff is recreating on land suitable for that activity’ ” (Albright v Metz, supra, 88 NY2d, at 662, quoting Bragg v Genesee County Agric. Socy., supra, 84 NY2d, at 551-552).\nThe sta", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1b3fc92b84a5e81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6155, "end": 6170, "quote": "88 NY2d, at 662", "context": " and (2) the plaintiff is recreating on land suitable for that activity’ ” (Albright v Metz, supra, 88 NY2d, at 662, quoting Bragg v Genesee County Agric. Socy., supra, 84 NY2d, at 551-552).\nThe statute does not app", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "88 N.Y.2d 656", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_88/0656_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "be21d9a14b7e1fa8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6217, "end": 6222, "quote": "supra", "context": " activity’ ” (Albright v Metz, supra, 88 NY2d, at 662, quoting Bragg v Genesee County Agric. Socy., supra, 84 NY2d, at 551-552).\nThe statute does not apply, however, to immunize, a municipality from liabil", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "586b2c508fad7ac6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6224, "end": 6243, "quote": "84 NY2d, at 551-552", "context": "ty’ ” (Albright v Metz, supra, 88 NY2d, at 662, quoting Bragg v Genesee County Agric. Socy., supra, 84 NY2d, at 551-552).\nThe statute does not apply, however, to immunize, a municipality from liability for its failure t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "84 N.Y.2d 544", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_84/0544_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5dca5c8b8549c9a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6500, "end": 6511, "quote": "68 NY2d 446", "context": "d maintenance of a supervised public park and recreational facility (Ferres v City of New Rochelle, 68 NY2d 446, supra). Where a municipality has already opened land for supervised recreational use, the statute’", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 N.Y.2d 446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "420679342f1ab02e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6513, "end": 6520, "quote": "supra).", "context": " of a supervised public park and recreational facility (Ferres v City of New Rochelle, 68 NY2d 446, supra). Where a municipality has already opened land for supervised recreational use, the statute’s intende", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec6ff491181a4026", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6731, "end": 6735, "quote": "id.,", "context": "f encouraging the landowner to make its property available for public use would not be served (see, id., 68 NY2d, at 454). In such a case, the municipality has already assumed a duty to act reasonably in ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "591b500d106855ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6736, "end": 6751, "quote": "68 NY2d, at 454", "context": "ouraging the landowner to make its property available for public use would not be served (see, id., 68 NY2d, at 454). In such a case, the municipality has already assumed a duty to act reasonably in maintaining the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "68 N.Y.2d 446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68b1e214f14536c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6930, "end": 6933, "quote": "id.", "context": "y in maintaining the facility in a reasonably safe condition in view of all the circumstances (see, id.; Preston v State of New York, 59 NY2d 997, 998), and to extend it immunity under section 9-103 in i", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98214434c43816e3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 6964, "end": 6975, "quote": "59 NY2d 997", "context": " reasonably safe condition in view of all the circumstances (see, id.; Preston v State of New York, 59 NY2d 997, 998), and to extend it immunity under section 9-103 in its supervised recreational facility would ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 N.Y.2d 997", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_59/0997_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "e48873bd87c9c301", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 7015, "end": 7028, "quote": "section 9-103", "context": "mstances (see, id.; Preston v State of New York, 59 NY2d 997, 998), and to extend it immunity under section 9-103 in its supervised recreational facility would lead to the anomalous result of defendant’s liability", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "221ab4c67ada80ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 7336, "end": 7341, "quote": "supra", "context": "f the activities which happens to be enumerated in the statute (see, Ferres v City of New Rochelle, supra, 68 NY2d, at 454). Moreover, since public access to parks is good and desirable and serves the gene", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b474dbd9e2215354", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 7343, "end": 7358, "quote": "68 NY2d, at 454", "context": "ctivities which happens to be enumerated in the statute (see, Ferres v City of New Rochelle, supra, 68 NY2d, at 454). Moreover, since public access to parks is good and desirable and serves the general welfare (see,", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "68 N.Y.2d 446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_68/0446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "de1ce2a4051b313e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 7496, "end": 7501, "quote": "supra", "context": "rks is good and desirable and serves the general welfare (see, Bragg v Genesee County Agric. Socy., supra, 84 NY2d, at 550), a municipality has a compelling, independent motivation to provide public access", "category": "supra", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56890383f2166e6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 7503, "end": 7518, "quote": "84 NY2d, at 550", "context": "good and desirable and serves the general welfare (see, Bragg v Genesee County Agric. Socy., supra, 84 NY2d, at 550), a municipality has a compelling, independent motivation to provide public access to its supervise", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "84 N.Y.2d 544", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_84/0544_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c8f3cc25b73110f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 7693, "end": 7706, "quote": "section 9-103", "context": "c access to its supervised parks above and beyond any incentive offered by statutory immunity under section 9-103 (see, Mem of NY Law Rev Commn, Bill Jacket, L 1956, ch 842, at 22-23).\nIn the instant case, the hil", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6f97a9ff20dd9002", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 8000, "end": 8013, "quote": "section 9-103", "context": " public for sledding in such a way as to make it inappropriate for the Town to enjoy immunity under section 9-103 for injuries proximately caused by its negligent maintenance or operation of the site.\nThe sledding", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "36345d0274ba0b1b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 9783, "end": 9790, "quote": "§ 9-103", "context": "ll was part of a supervised public park, and so was outside of the scope of General Obligations Law § 9-103 immunity. Under these circumstances, plaintiff was entitled to expect that the Town would exercise ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "332b7aa2bf1bdc71", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 10034, "end": 10046, "quote": "235 AD2d 977", "context": "rs of the public who were using the hill as intended — for sledding (see, English v City of Albany, 235 AD2d 977; see also, Le Roux v State of New York, 307 NY 397, 404). Consequently, the Appellate Division erre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "235 A.D.2d 977", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad2d/volume_235/0977_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d3fa6188b6bb2ca4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 10087, "end": 10097, "quote": "307 NY 397", "context": "— for sledding (see, English v City of Albany, 235 AD2d 977; see also, Le Roux v State of New York, 307 NY 397, 404). Consequently, the Appellate Division erred as a matter of law in concluding that section 9-1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "307 N.Y. 397", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ny/volume_307/0397_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "22ab42094b62c9b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 10186, "end": 10199, "quote": "section 9-103", "context": " 307 NY 397, 404). Consequently, the Appellate Division erred as a matter of law in concluding that section 9-103 applied to immunize the Town from liability for plaintiff’s injuries.\nAlthough we reverse the order", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2351b32fe3b9cbf0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny-2d/volume_91/0611_01/index.html", "start": 10507, "end": 10514, "quote": "§ 9-103", "context": " jury’s verdict. Because it dismissed plaintiff’s complaint on the basis of General Obligations Law § 9-103 immunity, the Appellate Division did not reach or consider other issues raised. We must therefore r", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1792aee6635b5aec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_165/0341_01/index.html", "start": 2489, "end": 2502, "quote": "123 N. Y. 520", "context": "e so related to the issues that their determination was necessarily involved. (Stannard v. Hubbell, 123 N. Y. 520; W. Sav. Bank v. Town of Solon, 136 ib. 465; House v. Lockwood, 137 ib. 259; Freeman on Judgments, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 N.Y. 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_123/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a2679d699e44654", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_233/0138_01/index.html", "start": 2033, "end": 2044, "quote": "section 221", "context": " formed to take care of needy children, directed by the above paragraph, is within the exemption of section 221 of the Tax Law (Cons. Laws, chap. 60), and should not have been taxed. We held in Matter of Graves ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da42c7894bacdd95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_233/0138_01/index.html", "start": 2145, "end": 2157, "quote": "171 N. Y. 40", "context": "of the Tax Law (Cons. Laws, chap. 60), and should not have been taxed. We held in Matter of Graves (171 N. Y. 40) that a similar gift to a charitable corporation to be formed entitled the corporation to the exemp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "171 N.Y. 40", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_171/0040_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "503088931f72a1ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_233/0138_01/index.html", "start": 2313, "end": 2322, "quote": "section 4", "context": "formed entitled the corporation to the exemption under the then Tax Law (Laws of 1896, chapter 908, section 4, subd. 7). The will in that case read: “ I give, bequeath and devise all the rest and residue of my", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1797ede9cbcc5ba2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_233/0138_01/index.html", "start": 2667, "end": 2676, "quote": "Section 4", "context": "ning the Graves Home for the Aged, to be located in the city of Syracuse in the state of New York.” Section 4, subdivision 7, of the law referred to, provided that there should be exempted from taxation the re", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7267a17f23f66ed4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_233/0138_01/index.html", "start": 3979, "end": 3990, "quote": "section 221", "context": "harity.” (p. .46.)\nThe state tax commission makes the same claim here regarding the exemption under section 221 of the Tax Law. The only exemption which is applicable is now to b.e found in that section, as the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c0c2b39078eaa1d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_233/0138_01/index.html", "start": 4194, "end": 4200, "quote": "§ 244.", "context": "under which the Graves case was decided is no longer applicable to the transfer tax., (See Tax Law, § 244.)\n. Section 221 provides: “ Any property devised or bequeathed * * * to a charitable corporation, wh", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ea63a1eb28c334a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_233/0138_01/index.html", "start": 4204, "end": 4215, "quote": "Section 221", "context": "h the Graves case was decided is no longer applicable to the transfer tax., (See Tax Law, § 244.)\n. Section 221 provides: “ Any property devised or bequeathed * * * to a charitable corporation, wherever incorpor", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "170cc2b387988026", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_233/0138_01/index.html", "start": 5424, "end": 5437, "quote": "section 221-b", "context": "r tax, we cannot agree .with their contention that it is also subject to the exemption contained in section 221-b of the Tax Law. The appraisers found and so reported to the surrogate that the deceased had paid no", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1bf594a3bf009ed6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_233/0138_01/index.html", "start": 5703, "end": 5717, "quote": "section 221-b.", "context": "r of the surrogate thereupon taxed this amount, less a certain deduction, at $1,976.71, pursuant to section 221-b. The Home for Needy Children does not take this devise or bequest free from its proportionate part o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cd8edb0c6b2260f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_233/0138_01/index.html", "start": 6271, "end": 6284, "quote": "226 N. Y. 384", "context": " portion which remains after the payment of this tax and all debts and expenses. (Matter of Watson, 226 N. Y. 384.)\nFor reasons here stated, the order appealed from must be reversed and the matter remitted to the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "226 N.Y. 384", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_226/0384_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e1519cc5c56ce5ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_244/0504_02/index.html", "start": 97, "end": 110, "quote": "243 N. Y. 613", "context": "\nMotion for reargument denied, with ten dollars costs and necessary printing disbursements. (See 243 N. Y. 613.)\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "243 N.Y. 613", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_243/0613_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2b1c95705c8a3a04", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_252/0277_01/index.html", "start": 1827, "end": 1840, "quote": "249 N. Y. 206", "context": "merely empty formal words, incapable of performance. (Topken, Loving & Schwartz, Inc., v. Schwartz, 249 N. Y. 206, at p. 210.) The unconflicting evidence in this case shows that .the agreement of the Nassau Supply", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "249 N.Y. 206", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_249/0206_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8a870701fe30b4d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_252/0277_01/index.html", "start": 2546, "end": 2559, "quote": "229 N. Y. 172", "context": "aith, must reasonably imply certain things. We said in Edison Electric Illuminating Co. v. Thacher (229 N. Y. 172): “ It is not necessary in all cases that the agreement of a party should be specifically stated. I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 N.Y. 172", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_229/0172_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2315a29ea5bd2e3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_252/0277_01/index.html", "start": 3949, "end": 3962, "quote": "229 N. Y. 210", "context": "enforcible contract, and such has been the ruling of this court. (Ehrenworth v. Stuhmer & Co.,Inc., 229 N. Y. 210; Schlegel Manufacturing Co. v. Cooper’s Glue Factory, 231 N. Y. 459 (cases cited); Imperial Refinin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 N.Y. 210", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_229/0210_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ab40cc7e43fbc852", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_252/0277_01/index.html", "start": 4017, "end": 4030, "quote": "231 N. Y. 459", "context": "renworth v. Stuhmer & Co.,Inc., 229 N. Y. 210; Schlegel Manufacturing Co. v. Cooper’s Glue Factory, 231 N. Y. 459 (cases cited); Imperial Refining Co. v. Kanotex Refining Co., 29 Fed. Rep. [2d] 193; Williston on C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "231 N.Y. 459", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_231/0459_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c9b0594a285c214", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_252/0277_01/index.html", "start": 4140, "end": 4146, "quote": "§§ 103", "context": "ted); Imperial Refining Co. v. Kanotex Refining Co., 29 Fed. Rep. [2d] 193; Williston on Contracts, §§ 103 to 103-e, inclusive.)\nWhat did the evidence show? The undisputed facts are that the Nassau Supply G", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a91d0869872e735f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_252/0277_01/index.html", "start": 8045, "end": 8058, "quote": "130 N. Y. 642", "context": "the amount of the supply required which was left for future determination. (See Wells v. Alexandre, 130 N. Y. 642.)\nThe law which we are stating has application to this contract, as we construe it. When the first ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "130 N.Y. 642", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_130/0642_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b042875e056af24b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_252/0277_01/index.html", "start": 8845, "end": 8851, "quote": "§ 104.", "context": " except from a particular seller. We would then have a different question. (Williston on Contracts, § 104.)\nThe Nassau Supply Co., Inc., as before stated, impliedly represented that it was either in the ice", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "932b97a98fbcbe02", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 521, "end": 525, "quote": "§ 8.", "context": "the inheritance, notwithstanding any intervening estate for life or years. (3 R. S. 5th ed., p. 39, § 8.) This section is identical with that of 1 B. S. p. 527, § 33. The defendant not being a tenant, the", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f215d1144f076232", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 582, "end": 587, "quote": "§ 33.", "context": "ife or years. (3 R. S. 5th ed., p. 39, § 8.) This section is identical with that of 1 B. S. p. 527, § 33. The defendant not being a tenant, the. action of waste was inappropriate, and the proper remedy was", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aaab288bc830d4aa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 1089, "end": 1100, "quote": "2 Wend. 605", "context": "the damage for the wrongful injury done to their inheritance by the defendant. (Livingston v. Mott, 2 Wend. 605.) The Revised Statutes also provide that every person who shall cut down or carry off any wood, und", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 Wend. 605", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6ea648b96a400086", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 1562, "end": 1565, "quote": "§ 1", "context": "in an action of trespass, by a jury or justice of the peace in cases provided by law. (2 R. S. 338, § 1; id. 5th ed. p. 624, §1.) This section is compiled from section 29 of 1 Rev. L. p. 525, and by it t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ced91a5bfc88544", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 1567, "end": 1570, "quote": "id.", "context": " action of trespass, by a jury or justice of the peace in cases provided by law. (2 R. S. 338, § 1; id. 5th ed. p. 624, §1.) This section is compiled from section 29 of 1 Rev. L. p. 525, and by it the pe", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a996d24d5df0d708", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 1587, "end": 1591, "quote": "§1.)", "context": " by a jury or justice of the peace in cases provided by law. (2 R. S. 338, § 1; id. 5th ed. p. 624, §1.) This section is compiled from section 29 of 1 Rev. L. p. 525, and by it the person offending was to", "category": "UnknownCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e4dbfd64adfc9902", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 1622, "end": 1632, "quote": "section 29", "context": "in cases provided by law. (2 R. S. 338, § 1; id. 5th ed. p. 624, §1.) This section is compiled from section 29 of 1 Rev. L. p. 525, and by it the person offending was to pay (treble the value of the wood cut or", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9539deae2a2ed26c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 1920, "end": 1931, "quote": "8 John. 342", "context": "ng within the act, is treble the value of the timber cut and carried away. (Newcomb v. Butterfield, 8 John. 342.) This rule was altered in the revision of 1830, by which the offender is to forfeit and pay to the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 Johns. 342", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c304d5bd5ff356e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 2432, "end": 2443, "quote": "2 Wend. 605", "context": "ses commmitted without the leave or the permission of the owner of the land. In Livingston v. Mott (2 Wend. 605), the question was whether a person acting by the permission of the tenant in possession, or holdin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 Wend. 605", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5cea24b846dcc414", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 9010, "end": 9021, "quote": "2 Wend. 605", "context": " it trespass would not lie against the tenant nor waste against a stranger.\nIn Livingston v. Mott, (2 Wend. 605,) it was held that the under-tenant of the lessee, was not a stranger, so as to subject him to an a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 Wend. 605", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6073636a5ad36259", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 14667, "end": 14679, "quote": "4 Denio, 422", "context": " value of the timber as an item of damages for his breach of the agreement. (Schermerhorn v. Buell, 4 Denio, 422.)\nThe plaintiffs were not contractors, and hence though they may have lost their right to recover f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 Denio, 422", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a025c68d254f151f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 15121, "end": 15132, "quote": "3 Wend. 104", "context": " to that relation, he would then be-vested with the right of tenant in possession. (Mooers v. Wait, 3 Wend. 104; Van Wyck v. Alliger, 6 Barb. 507; Rood v. N. Y. & Erie R. R. Co. 18 id. 80.)\nI cannot concur with ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 Wend. 104", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "abe58fec3a3d132c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 15155, "end": 15166, "quote": "6 Barb. 507", "context": "e-vested with the right of tenant in possession. (Mooers v. Wait, 3 Wend. 104; Van Wyck v. Alliger, 6 Barb. 507; Rood v. N. Y. & Erie R. R. Co. 18 id. 80.)\nI cannot concur with the learned judge who delivered th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "6 Barb. 507", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "681c15f5ba7c7d5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 15202, "end": 15208, "quote": "id. 80", "context": ". (Mooers v. Wait, 3 Wend. 104; Van Wyck v. Alliger, 6 Barb. 507; Rood v. N. Y. & Erie R. R. Co. 18 id. 80.)\nI cannot concur with the learned judge who delivered the opinion in the court below that the doct", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1abea1e6bab0686d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 15725, "end": 15735, "quote": "7 Cow. 229", "context": "ht of possession, has no right of posses sion and is a trespasser if he enters. (Erwin v. Olmstead, 7 Cow. 229; Ives v. Ives, 13 J. R. 235; Suffern v. Townsend, 9 J. R. 35; Cooper v. Stower, Id. 331.)\nNor does ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 Cow. 229", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c45ba4f628adabaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 15816, "end": 15823, "quote": "Id. 331", "context": "lmstead, 7 Cow. 229; Ives v. Ives, 13 J. R. 235; Suffern v. Townsend, 9 J. R. 35; Cooper v. Stower, Id. 331.)\nNor does a contract to purchase which gives a right to enter authorize the purchaser to commit wa", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "7 Cow. 229", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2ebc0275a5bfa4dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 16099, "end": 16106, "quote": "Id. 331", "context": "up so much of it as good husbandry may require. (Suffern v. Townsend, 9 J. R. 35; Cooper v. Stower, Id. 331; Mooers v. Wait, 3 Wend. 104; 1 Cow. cited, supra.)\nA vendee of farming lands who is permitted by t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "7 Cow. 229", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6a2725343ba78158", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 16124, "end": 16135, "quote": "3 Wend. 104", "context": "husbandry may require. (Suffern v. Townsend, 9 J. R. 35; Cooper v. Stower, Id. 331; Mooers v. Wait, 3 Wend. 104; 1 Cow. cited, supra.)\nA vendee of farming lands who is permitted by the cor-tract to enter and cul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 Wend. 104", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97d030ae280e7fc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 16151, "end": 16158, "quote": "supra.)", "context": "fern v. Townsend, 9 J. R. 35; Cooper v. Stower, Id. 331; Mooers v. Wait, 3 Wend. 104; 1 Cow. cited, supra.)\nA vendee of farming lands who is permitted by the cor-tract to enter and cultivate the farm is a te", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "086cb52f7dca7c68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 16370, "end": 16381, "quote": "3 Wend. 104", "context": " such permitted to 'cut sufficient wood for fire—for making and repairing of fences and buildings, (3 Wend. 104;) bul he may not commit waste. So a vendee of wild land, may not cut valuable timber the cutting of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 Wend. 104", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21034a7aed78d36f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 19834, "end": 19845, "quote": "2 Wend. 247", "context": "tute giving treble damages, but embraces, another and distinct cause of action.\nIn Mooers v. Allen (2 Wend. 247), the plaintiff claimed for treble damages and costs under a statute substantially the same as the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 Wend. 247", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77a1b13ceef1f215", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 21570, "end": 21580, "quote": "4 Den. 422", "context": ", when the removal may be treated as a distinct trespass from the cutting.. (Schermerhorn v. Buell, 4 Den. 422.) If the reversioner can be considered as entitled to the same rights in this respect as the lessor", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 Denio 422", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2067cbb8d6fb0b97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 21891, "end": 21896, "quote": "§ 22.", "context": "being equivalent to the words “ value of the wood,” &c., in the provision in the Revised Laws, 524, § 22. (King v. Havens, 25 Wend. 420, 422.) It would follow that the plaintiff could not treble the damage", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "20d60eb525edb734", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 21914, "end": 21926, "quote": "25 Wend. 420", "context": " words “ value of the wood,” &c., in the provision in the Revised Laws, 524, § 22. (King v. Havens, 25 Wend. 420, 422.) It would follow that the plaintiff could not treble the damages, if any were allowed, for le", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 Wend. 420", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b735956f7216741", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 24254, "end": 24265, "quote": "4 Barb. 256", "context": "iffs had sustained. This is not admissible. (Morehead v. Matthews, 2 Comst. 514; Harger v. Edmonds, 4 Barb. 256; Fish v. Dodge, 4 Den. 312; Norman v. Wells, 17 Wend. 137.)\nIt was unquestionably competent for the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 Barb. 256", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ef8c9d10bf6d3e46", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 24282, "end": 24292, "quote": "4 Den. 312", "context": "not admissible. (Morehead v. Matthews, 2 Comst. 514; Harger v. Edmonds, 4 Barb. 256; Fish v. Dodge, 4 Den. 312; Norman v. Wells, 17 Wend. 137.)\nIt was unquestionably competent for the witness- to give his opini", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 Denio 312", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "854f4e2e9c3a0c1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 24311, "end": 24323, "quote": "17 Wend. 137", "context": "Matthews, 2 Comst. 514; Harger v. Edmonds, 4 Barb. 256; Fish v. Dodge, 4 Den. 312; Norman v. Wells, 17 Wend. 137.)\nIt was unquestionably competent for the witness- to give his opinion as to the value of the farm ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 Wend. 137", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e65893c8978237f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_29/0009_01/index.html", "start": 25264, "end": 25273, "quote": "5 Den. 84", "context": "ed. And they may be asked the amount of damages sustained by reason of the breach. (Joy v. Hopkins, 5 Den. 84.) Although the witnesses in these cases give their opinions as to value, yet it is these opinions w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 Denio 84", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "497db69305c88d90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_306/0765_01/index.html", "start": 395, "end": 408, "quote": "296 N. Y. 206", "context": "ate was guilty of contributory negligence as a matter of law (Wadsworth v. Delaware, L. & W. R. R., 296 N. Y. 206, 212; Crough v. New York Central R. R. Co., 260 N. Y. 227; Schrader v. New York, C. & St. L. R. R. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "296 N.Y. 206", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_296/0206_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8d59ab80c52660a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_306/0765_01/index.html", "start": 453, "end": 466, "quote": "260 N. Y. 227", "context": "aw (Wadsworth v. Delaware, L. & W. R. R., 296 N. Y. 206, 212; Crough v. New York Central R. R. Co., 260 N. Y. 227; Schrader v. New York, C. & St. L. R. R. Co., 254 N. Y. 148; Allen v. Erie R. R. Co., 244 N. Y. 542", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "260 N.Y. 227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_260/0227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6e00e8c7b9a37e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_306/0765_01/index.html", "start": 513, "end": 526, "quote": "254 N. Y. 148", "context": "; Crough v. New York Central R. R. Co., 260 N. Y. 227; Schrader v. New York, C. & St. L. R. R. Co., 254 N. Y. 148; Allen v. Erie R. R. Co., 244 N. Y. 542; Avery v. New York, O. & W. Ry. Co., 205 N. Y. 502; Proefro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "254 N.Y. 148", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_254/0148_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b5e61d552932daa5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_306/0765_01/index.html", "start": 553, "end": 566, "quote": "244 N. Y. 542", "context": "260 N. Y. 227; Schrader v. New York, C. & St. L. R. R. Co., 254 N. Y. 148; Allen v. Erie R. R. Co., 244 N. Y. 542; Avery v. New York, O. & W. Ry. Co., 205 N. Y. 502; Proefrock v. Denney, 258 App. Div. 5, affd. 283", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "244 N.Y. 542", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_244/0542_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "82ce6635aa2ba02f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_306/0765_01/index.html", "start": 604, "end": 617, "quote": "205 N. Y. 502", "context": " R. Co., 254 N. Y. 148; Allen v. Erie R. R. Co., 244 N. Y. 542; Avery v. New York, O. & W. Ry. Co., 205 N. Y. 502; Proefrock v. Denney, 258 App. Div. 5, affd. 283 N. Y. 648).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "205 N.Y. 502", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_205/0502_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1d0b7c6ff09e284f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_306/0765_01/index.html", "start": 640, "end": 655, "quote": "258 App. Div. 5", "context": "e R. R. Co., 244 N. Y. 542; Avery v. New York, O. & W. Ry. Co., 205 N. Y. 502; Proefrock v. Denney, 258 App. Div. 5, affd. 283 N. Y. 648).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "258 A.D. 5", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "32a89ad2bcf167a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny/volume_306/0765_01/index.html", "start": 663, "end": 676, "quote": "283 N. Y. 648", "context": "542; Avery v. New York, O. & W. Ry. Co., 205 N. Y. 502; Proefrock v. Denney, 258 App. Div. 5, affd. 283 N. Y. 648).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "283 N.Y. 648", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_283/0648_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "72bc2c1423ffda32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ny3d/volume_29/1126_15/index.html", "start": 11, "end": 23, "quote": "151 AD3d 656", "context": "\n1st Dept: 151 AD3d 656 (NY)\ndenied 8/28/17 (DiFiore, Ch. J.)\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 A.D.3d 656", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d5c545c524e8476", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 2768, "end": 2786, "quote": "Section 3301-23-21", "context": "rly education of handicapped children under the ‘grandparent’ provision of Ohio Administrative Code Section 3301-23-21(0.”\nThe following facts are not in dispute in this matter. Appellant teaches first, second and thir", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2eb5bb5ff0ab1957", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 3542, "end": 3559, "quote": "11 Ohio St.2d 141", "context": "the relator has no plain and adequate remedy at law. State ex rel. Pressley v. Indus. Comm. (1967), 11 Ohio St.2d 141, 40 O.O.2d 141, 228 N.E.2d 631. “Mandamus will not lie to substitute the discretion of a judicial t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 Ohio St. 2d 141", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_11/0141_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a28f4938d5b0211c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 3561, "end": 3574, "quote": "40 O.O.2d 141", "context": "plain and adequate remedy at law. State ex rel. Pressley v. Indus. Comm. (1967), 11 Ohio St.2d 141, 40 O.O.2d 141, 228 N.E.2d 631. “Mandamus will not lie to substitute the discretion of a judicial tribunal for tha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 Ohio Op. 2d 141", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0fb73e1d3a546f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 3576, "end": 3590, "quote": "228 N.E.2d 631", "context": "ate remedy at law. State ex rel. Pressley v. Indus. Comm. (1967), 11 Ohio St.2d 141, 40 O.O.2d 141, 228 N.E.2d 631. “Mandamus will not lie to substitute the discretion of a judicial tribunal for that of an administ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "228 N.E.2d 631", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "327ae60ef4550fd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 3871, "end": 3888, "quote": "67 Ohio St.2d 126", "context": "onstitutes an abuse of discretion.” State ex rel. Dayton Bd. of Edn. v. State Dept. of Edn. (1981), 67 Ohio St.2d 126, 128, 21 O.O.3d 79, 81, 423 N.E.2d 174, 176.\nAppellant argues two propositions in support of her cl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 Ohio St. 2d 126", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_67/0126_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5aa99b70642f8f48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 3895, "end": 3907, "quote": "21 O.O.3d 79", "context": "iscretion.” State ex rel. Dayton Bd. of Edn. v. State Dept. of Edn. (1981), 67 Ohio St.2d 126, 128, 21 O.O.3d 79, 81, 423 N.E.2d 174, 176.\nAppellant argues two propositions in support of her claim of error. First", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 Ohio Op. 3d 79", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd17708a38509430", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 3913, "end": 3927, "quote": "423 N.E.2d 174", "context": "ex rel. Dayton Bd. of Edn. v. State Dept. of Edn. (1981), 67 Ohio St.2d 126, 128, 21 O.O.3d 79, 81, 423 N.E.2d 174, 176.\nAppellant argues two propositions in support of her claim of error. First, appellant asserts ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "423 N.E.2d 174", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b132455736d28d8d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 5100, "end": 5119, "quote": "109 Ohio App.3d 102", "context": "ementing the legislative command.” Opus III-VII Corp. v. Ohio State Bd. of Pharmacy (Feb. 1, 1996), 109 Ohio App.3d 102, 671 N.E.2d 1087. Similar deference should be afforded to an agency’s interpretation of its own rul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 Ohio App. 3d 102", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_109/0102_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d176927c9af3a8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 5121, "end": 5136, "quote": "671 N.E.2d 1087", "context": "ive command.” Opus III-VII Corp. v. Ohio State Bd. of Pharmacy (Feb. 1, 1996), 109 Ohio App.3d 102, 671 N.E.2d 1087. Similar deference should be afforded to an agency’s interpretation of its own rules if such an int", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "671 N.E.2d 1087", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c84a83766d4619e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 5367, "end": 5384, "quote": "29 Ohio St.2d 173", "context": "statutory law and the plain language of the rule itself. Jones Metal Products Co. v. Walker (1972), 29 Ohio St.2d 173, 181, 58 O.O.2d 393, 397-398, 281 N.E.2d 1, 8.\nWe find no abuse of discretion in the appellee’s det", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "29 Ohio St. 2d 173", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_29/0173_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad0126c956b7ef65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 5391, "end": 5404, "quote": "58 O.O.2d 393", "context": "ain language of the rule itself. Jones Metal Products Co. v. Walker (1972), 29 Ohio St.2d 173, 181, 58 O.O.2d 393, 397-398, 281 N.E.2d 1, 8.\nWe find no abuse of discretion in the appellee’s determination and the t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 Ohio Op. 2d 393", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a7d9047307c87b55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_113/0430_01/index.html", "start": 5415, "end": 5427, "quote": "281 N.E.2d 1", "context": " itself. Jones Metal Products Co. v. Walker (1972), 29 Ohio St.2d 173, 181, 58 O.O.2d 393, 397-398, 281 N.E.2d 1, 8.\nWe find no abuse of discretion in the appellee’s determination and the trial court’s holding th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "281 N.E.2d 1", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d2840f7ccedb6b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 5376, "end": 5392, "quote": "23 Ohio St.2d 82", "context": "iew unless there has been an abuse of discretion on the trial court’s part. Rohde v. Farmer (1970), 23 Ohio St.2d 82, 52 O.O.2d 376, 262 N.E.2d 685, paragraph one of the syllabus. The term “abuse of discretion” conno", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "23 Ohio St. 2d 82", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_23/0082_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "08018cc9ed97de7a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 5394, "end": 5407, "quote": "52 O.O.2d 376", "context": "as been an abuse of discretion on the trial court’s part. Rohde v. Farmer (1970), 23 Ohio St.2d 82, 52 O.O.2d 376, 262 N.E.2d 685, paragraph one of the syllabus. The term “abuse of discretion” connotes “an unreaso", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 Ohio Op. 2d 376", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a42c1b2e766abeac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 5409, "end": 5423, "quote": "262 N.E.2d 685", "context": "e of discretion on the trial court’s part. Rohde v. Farmer (1970), 23 Ohio St.2d 82, 52 O.O.2d 376, 262 N.E.2d 685, paragraph one of the syllabus. The term “abuse of discretion” connotes “an unreasonable, arbitrary", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "262 N.E.2d 685", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "adce768be8d9c8e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 5625, "end": 5642, "quote": "74 Ohio St.3d 440", "context": "r unconscionable attitude upon the part of the court.” Malone v. Courtyard by Marriott L.P. (1996), 74 Ohio St.3d 440, 659 N.E.2d 1242; Poske v. Mergl (1959), 169 Ohio St. 70, 75, 8 O.O.2d 36, 157 N.E.2d 344.\n{¶ 20} I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 Ohio St. 3d 440", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_74/0440_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f97ff3124f928210", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 5644, "end": 5659, "quote": "659 N.E.2d 1242", "context": "titude upon the part of the court.” Malone v. Courtyard by Marriott L.P. (1996), 74 Ohio St.3d 440, 659 N.E.2d 1242; Poske v. Mergl (1959), 169 Ohio St. 70, 75, 8 O.O.2d 36, 157 N.E.2d 344.\n{¶ 20} In the instant cas", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "659 N.E.2d 1242", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4ccb739decc4094", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 5684, "end": 5699, "quote": "169 Ohio St. 70", "context": "ne v. Courtyard by Marriott L.P. (1996), 74 Ohio St.3d 440, 659 N.E.2d 1242; Poske v. Mergl (1959), 169 Ohio St. 70, 75, 8 O.O.2d 36, 157 N.E.2d 344.\n{¶ 20} In the instant case, the Chief Justice stated in his opini", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "169 Ohio St. 70", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st/volume_169/0070_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "85bef4bc9eb5cda1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 5705, "end": 5716, "quote": "8 O.O.2d 36", "context": "rriott L.P. (1996), 74 Ohio St.3d 440, 659 N.E.2d 1242; Poske v. Mergl (1959), 169 Ohio St. 70, 75, 8 O.O.2d 36, 157 N.E.2d 344.\n{¶ 20} In the instant case, the Chief Justice stated in his opinion of disqualific", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 Ohio Op. 2d 36", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e847e23d6dad7dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 5718, "end": 5732, "quote": "157 N.E.2d 344", "context": "1996), 74 Ohio St.3d 440, 659 N.E.2d 1242; Poske v. Mergl (1959), 169 Ohio St. 70, 75, 8 O.O.2d 36, 157 N.E.2d 344.\n{¶ 20} In the instant case, the Chief Justice stated in his opinion of disqualification of the for", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "157 N.E.2d 344", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56956e4d6f7ec5b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 6012, "end": 6030, "quote": "88 Ohio St.3d 1220", "context": "iants ‘impl[y] a hostile feeling or spirit of ill-will.’ ” In re Disqualification of Cleary (2000), 88 Ohio St.3d 1220, 1222, 723 N.E.2d 1106, quoting State ex rel. Pratt v. Weygandt (1956), 164 Ohio St. 463, 469, 132 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Ohio St. 3d 1220", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_88/1220_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6de01f40b18aa845", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 6038, "end": 6053, "quote": "723 N.E.2d 1106", "context": "eeling or spirit of ill-will.’ ” In re Disqualification of Cleary (2000), 88 Ohio St.3d 1220, 1222, 723 N.E.2d 1106, quoting State ex rel. Pratt v. Weygandt (1956), 164 Ohio St. 463, 469, 132 N.E.2d 191. The Chief J", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "723 N.E.2d 1106", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7816edec44143ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 6103, "end": 6119, "quote": "164 Ohio St. 463", "context": " (2000), 88 Ohio St.3d 1220, 1222, 723 N.E.2d 1106, quoting State ex rel. Pratt v. Weygandt (1956), 164 Ohio St. 463, 469, 132 N.E.2d 191. The Chief Justice further concluded that “[t]hese actions cause me to conclud", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "164 Ohio St. 463", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st/volume_164/0463_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe67566090046bc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 6126, "end": 6140, "quote": "132 N.E.2d 191", "context": "1220, 1222, 723 N.E.2d 1106, quoting State ex rel. Pratt v. Weygandt (1956), 164 Ohio St. 463, 469, 132 N.E.2d 191. The Chief Justice further concluded that “[t]hese actions cause me to conclude that Judge Cleary h", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 N.E.2d 191", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f3b9c12123337935", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 6455, "end": 6466, "quote": "Id. at 1223", "context": "priety and ‘restore the absolute confidence of the parties in the fairness of these proceedings.’ ” Id. at 1223, 723 N.E.2d 1106, quoting State ex rel. Pratt v. Weygandt, supra, and In re Disqualification of Kes", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bde2dc659712fca8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 6468, "end": 6483, "quote": "723 N.E.2d 1106", "context": "estore the absolute confidence of the parties in the fairness of these proceedings.’ ” Id. at 1223, 723 N.E.2d 1106, quoting State ex rel. Pratt v. Weygandt, supra, and In re Disqualification of Kessler (Nov. 15, 19", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "723 N.E.2d 1106", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "173a180c3ae3511a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 6526, "end": 6532, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ess of these proceedings.’ ” Id. at 1223, 723 N.E.2d 1106, quoting State ex rel. Pratt v. Weygandt, supra, and In re Disqualification of Kessler (Nov. 15, 1989), S.Ct. No. 89-AP-125. The trial judge was the", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83c5093cb31f2d91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 7140, "end": 7158, "quote": "91 Ohio St.3d 1210", "context": "ant period of time prior to the filing of the affidavit. In re Disqualification of Corrigan (2000), 91 Ohio St.3d 1210, 741 N.E.2d 137. See, also, In re Disqualification of Light (1988), 36 Ohio St.3d 604, 522 N.E.2d 4", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Ohio St. 3d 1210", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_91/1210_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4d56d8af6ea3b322", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 7160, "end": 7174, "quote": "741 N.E.2d 137", "context": "rior to the filing of the affidavit. In re Disqualification of Corrigan (2000), 91 Ohio St.3d 1210, 741 N.E.2d 137. See, also, In re Disqualification of Light (1988), 36 Ohio St.3d 604, 522 N.E.2d 458; In re Disqua", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "741 N.E.2d 137", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7f61fc65385a7aca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 7227, "end": 7244, "quote": "36 Ohio St.3d 604", "context": "igan (2000), 91 Ohio St.3d 1210, 741 N.E.2d 137. See, also, In re Disqualification of Light (1988), 36 Ohio St.3d 604, 522 N.E.2d 458; In re Disqualification of Belskis (1993), 74 Ohio St.3d 1252, 657 N.E.2d 1355. In ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 Ohio St. 3d 604", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70580853422106cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 7246, "end": 7260, "quote": "522 N.E.2d 458", "context": "o St.3d 1210, 741 N.E.2d 137. See, also, In re Disqualification of Light (1988), 36 Ohio St.3d 604, 522 N.E.2d 458; In re Disqualification of Belskis (1993), 74 Ohio St.3d 1252, 657 N.E.2d 1355. In the instant case", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "522 N.E.2d 458", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75bb894f1ad2866a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 7304, "end": 7322, "quote": "74 Ohio St.3d 1252", "context": "ation of Light (1988), 36 Ohio St.3d 604, 522 N.E.2d 458; In re Disqualification of Belskis (1993), 74 Ohio St.3d 1252, 657 N.E.2d 1355. In the instant case, the trial lasted only two days, preventing the parties from ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 Ohio St. 3d 1252", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_74/1252_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "41f4d755772d07fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 7324, "end": 7339, "quote": "657 N.E.2d 1355", "context": "), 36 Ohio St.3d 604, 522 N.E.2d 458; In re Disqualification of Belskis (1993), 74 Ohio St.3d 1252, 657 N.E.2d 1355. In the instant case, the trial lasted only two days, preventing the parties from having a lengthy ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "657 N.E.2d 1355", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e9fb5f40c6aecee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 9172, "end": 9190, "quote": "88 Ohio St.3d 1220", "context": "l court judge from any further proceedings in this action. In re Disqualification of Cleary (2000), 88 Ohio St.3d 1220, 723 N.E.2d 1106.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Ohio St. 3d 1220", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_88/1220_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e6c96a35dcab75d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_150/0403_01/index.html", "start": 9192, "end": 9207, "quote": "723 N.E.2d 1106", "context": "ny further proceedings in this action. In re Disqualification of Cleary (2000), 88 Ohio St.3d 1220, 723 N.E.2d 1106.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "723 N.E.2d 1106", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e16fbb7a619e5a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 6707, "end": 6724, "quote": "64 Ohio St.3d 284", "context": "esents a question of law that is properly determined by summary judgment. Conley v. Shearer (1992), 64 Ohio St.3d 284, 292, 595 N.E.2d 862. When reviewing a summary judgment, the lower court and appellate court utiliz", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 Ohio St. 3d 284", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_64/0284_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f9a6711a484321c7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 6731, "end": 6745, "quote": "595 N.E.2d 862", "context": " that is properly determined by summary judgment. Conley v. Shearer (1992), 64 Ohio St.3d 284, 292, 595 N.E.2d 862. When reviewing a summary judgment, the lower court and appellate court utilize the same standard, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "595 N.E.2d 862", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "367106f7f0d29601", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 7012, "end": 7028, "quote": "42 Ohio App.3d 6", "context": " the trial court’s determinations. Midwest Specialties, Inc. v. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. (1988), 42 Ohio App.3d 6, 8, 536 N.E.2d 411. Summary judgment is appropriate when the following have been established: (1) t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "42 Ohio App. 3d 6", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_42/0006_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff354b49cec3fe6b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 7033, "end": 7047, "quote": "536 N.E.2d 411", "context": "terminations. Midwest Specialties, Inc. v. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. (1988), 42 Ohio App.3d 6, 8, 536 N.E.2d 411. Summary judgment is appropriate when the following have been established: (1) there is no genuine ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "536 N.E.2d 411", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "780cfd67a146d3c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 7501, "end": 7518, "quote": "37 Ohio St.3d 144", "context": " being entitled to have the evidence construed most strongly in its favor. Bostic v. Connor (1988), 37 Ohio St.3d 144, 146, 524 N.E.2d 881, citing Harless v. Willis Day Warehousing Co. (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 64, 66, 8 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "37 Ohio St. 3d 144", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_37/0144_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5d40b797145f7651", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 7525, "end": 7539, "quote": "524 N.E.2d 881", "context": "the evidence construed most strongly in its favor. Bostic v. Connor (1988), 37 Ohio St.3d 144, 146, 524 N.E.2d 881, citing Harless v. Willis Day Warehousing Co. (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 64, 66, 8 O.O.3d 73, 375 N.E.2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "524 N.E.2d 881", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2223bde4ee6f9734", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 7594, "end": 7610, "quote": "54 Ohio St.2d 64", "context": "1988), 37 Ohio St.3d 144, 146, 524 N.E.2d 881, citing Harless v. Willis Day Warehousing Co. (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 64, 66, 8 O.O.3d 73, 375 N.E.2d 46. See, also, Civ.R. 56(C). The burden of showing that no genuine iss", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 Ohio St. 2d 64", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_54/0064_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f47c5af73b96c94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 7616, "end": 7627, "quote": "8 O.O.3d 73", "context": "44, 146, 524 N.E.2d 881, citing Harless v. Willis Day Warehousing Co. (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 64, 66, 8 O.O.3d 73, 375 N.E.2d 46. See, also, Civ.R. 56(C). The burden of showing that no genuine issue of material fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 Ohio Op. 3d 73", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6c6f6796048ca44a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 7629, "end": 7642, "quote": "375 N.E.2d 46", "context": "N.E.2d 881, citing Harless v. Willis Day Warehousing Co. (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 64, 66, 8 O.O.3d 73, 375 N.E.2d 46. See, also, Civ.R. 56(C). The burden of showing that no genuine issue of material fact exists falls", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "375 N.E.2d 46", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "26aeb5ee8878638b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 7793, "end": 7810, "quote": "38 Ohio St.3d 112", "context": "at no genuine issue of material fact exists falls upon the moving party. Mitseff v. Wheeler (1988), 38 Ohio St.3d 112, 115, 526 N.E.2d 798. If the moving party satisfies this burden, “the nonmoving party then has a re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 Ohio St. 3d 112", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_38/0112_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7ba7c30dffc25d14", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 7817, "end": 7831, "quote": "526 N.E.2d 798", "context": "aterial fact exists falls upon the moving party. Mitseff v. Wheeler (1988), 38 Ohio St.3d 112, 115, 526 N.E.2d 798. If the moving party satisfies this burden, “the nonmoving party then has a reciprocal burden outli", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "526 N.E.2d 798", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "efae26995105ffb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 8192, "end": 8209, "quote": "78 Ohio St.3d 134", "context": "ppropriate, shall be entered against the nonmoving party.” Kulch v. Structural Fibers, Inc. (1997), 78 Ohio St.3d 134, 145, 677 N.E.2d 308, citing Dresher v. Burt (1996), 75 Ohio St.3d 280, 295, 662 N.E.2d 264.\nIII. S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "78 Ohio St. 3d 134", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_78/0134_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "253e9ddc27225043", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 8216, "end": 8230, "quote": "677 N.E.2d 308", "context": "ered against the nonmoving party.” Kulch v. Structural Fibers, Inc. (1997), 78 Ohio St.3d 134, 145, 677 N.E.2d 308, citing Dresher v. Burt (1996), 75 Ohio St.3d 280, 295, 662 N.E.2d 264.\nIII. STATUTORY IMMUNITY\n{¶ ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "677 N.E.2d 308", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25c36f382b7ec680", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 8263, "end": 8280, "quote": "75 Ohio St.3d 280", "context": "uctural Fibers, Inc. (1997), 78 Ohio St.3d 134, 145, 677 N.E.2d 308, citing Dresher v. Burt (1996), 75 Ohio St.3d 280, 295, 662 N.E.2d 264.\nIII. STATUTORY IMMUNITY\n{¶ 12} Political subdivisions are generally not liabl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 Ohio St. 3d 280", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_75/0280_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0375684ccb8ce820", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 8287, "end": 8301, "quote": "662 N.E.2d 264", "context": "97), 78 Ohio St.3d 134, 145, 677 N.E.2d 308, citing Dresher v. Burt (1996), 75 Ohio St.3d 280, 295, 662 N.E.2d 264.\nIII. STATUTORY IMMUNITY\n{¶ 12} Political subdivisions are generally not liable in damages for inju", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "662 N.E.2d 264", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "343e6daf0e6c8781", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 8668, "end": 8684, "quote": "sections 2744.03", "context": "eptions to this broad general grant of immunity. Specifically, R.C. 2744.02(B) provided:\nSubject to sections 2744.03 and 2744.05 of the Revised Code, a political subdivision is liable in damages in a civil action for", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1228d7e2dafe4dae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 9426, "end": 9441, "quote": "section 3746.24", "context": "ority. The following are full defenses to such liability:\n* * *\n(2) Except as otherwise provided in section 3746.24 of the Revised Code, political subdivisions are liable for injury, death, or loss to persons or pro", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ae3ffc120344490", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 9715, "end": 9730, "quote": "section 3746.24", "context": "respect to proprietary functions of the political subdivisions.\n(3) Except as otherwise provided in section 3746.24 of the Revised Code, political subdivisions are liable for injury, death, or loss to persons or pro", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f965ba14a001ab5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 10093, "end": 10108, "quote": "section 3746.24", "context": "ical subdivisions open, in repair, and free from nuisance\n* * *\n(4) Except as otherwise provided in section 3746.24 of the Revised Code, political subdivisions are liable for injury, death, or loss to persons or pro", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ca42ce02a204dcc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 11088, "end": 11104, "quote": "83 Ohio St.3d 24", "context": "or determining whether a political subdivision is immune from liability. Cater v. Cleveland (1998), 83 Ohio St.3d 24, 28, 697 N.E.2d 610. First, R.C. 2744.02(A)(1) sets forth the general rule that a political subdivi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 Ohio St. 3d 24", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_83/0024_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "648e287a15e30f91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 11110, "end": 11124, "quote": "697 N.E.2d 610", "context": " a political subdivision is immune from liability. Cater v. Cleveland (1998), 83 Ohio St.3d 24, 28, 697 N.E.2d 610. First, R.C. 2744.02(A)(1) sets forth the general rule that a political subdivision is immune from ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "697 N.E.2d 610", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d98fd1ee2763bbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 11341, "end": 11358, "quote": "99 Ohio St.3d 215", "context": "r acts or omissions connected with governmental or proprietary functions. See Colbert v. Cleveland, 99 Ohio St.3d 215, 216, 2003-Ohio-3319, 790 N.E.2d 781; Harp v. Cleveland Hts. (2000), 87 Ohio St.3d 506, 509, 721 N.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 Ohio St. 3d 215", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_99/0215_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0b322b063467176b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 11365, "end": 11379, "quote": "2003-Ohio-3319", "context": "ected with governmental or proprietary functions. See Colbert v. Cleveland, 99 Ohio St.3d 215, 216, 2003-Ohio-3319, 790 N.E.2d 781; Harp v. Cleveland Hts. (2000), 87 Ohio St.3d 506, 509, 721 N.E.2d 1020. Second, R.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2003-Ohio-3319", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "25450ee7d67991a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 11381, "end": 11395, "quote": "790 N.E.2d 781", "context": "nmental or proprietary functions. See Colbert v. Cleveland, 99 Ohio St.3d 215, 216, 2003-Ohio-3319, 790 N.E.2d 781; Harp v. Cleveland Hts. (2000), 87 Ohio St.3d 506, 509, 721 N.E.2d 1020. Second, R.C. 2744.02(B) li", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "790 N.E.2d 781", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f579d826fd007248", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 11428, "end": 11445, "quote": "87 Ohio St.3d 506", "context": ". Cleveland, 99 Ohio St.3d 215, 216, 2003-Ohio-3319, 790 N.E.2d 781; Harp v. Cleveland Hts. (2000), 87 Ohio St.3d 506, 509, 721 N.E.2d 1020. Second, R.C. 2744.02(B) lists five exceptions to the general immunity grante", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 Ohio St. 3d 506", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_87/0506_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "992966f0a92a783f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 11452, "end": 11467, "quote": "721 N.E.2d 1020", "context": "3d 215, 216, 2003-Ohio-3319, 790 N.E.2d 781; Harp v. Cleveland Hts. (2000), 87 Ohio St.3d 506, 509, 721 N.E.2d 1020. Second, R.C. 2744.02(B) lists five exceptions to the general immunity granted to political subdivi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "721 N.E.2d 1020", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "835eca3a5284ce9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 11643, "end": 11660, "quote": "95 Ohio St.3d 467", "context": "ted to political subdivisions under R.C. 2744.02(A)(1). See Ryll v. Columbus Fireworks Display Co., 95 Ohio St.3d 467, 470, 2002-Ohio-2584, 769 N.E.2d 372. Finally, R.C. 2744.03(A) makes available several defenses tha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 Ohio St. 3d 467", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_95/0467_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4719d9866740dc84", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 11667, "end": 11681, "quote": "2002-Ohio-2584", "context": "sions under R.C. 2744.02(A)(1). See Ryll v. Columbus Fireworks Display Co., 95 Ohio St.3d 467, 470, 2002-Ohio-2584, 769 N.E.2d 372. Finally, R.C. 2744.03(A) makes available several defenses that a political subdivi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2002-Ohio-2584", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "017bb07048a6cae5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 11683, "end": 11697, "quote": "769 N.E.2d 372", "context": " 2744.02(A)(1). See Ryll v. Columbus Fireworks Display Co., 95 Ohio St.3d 467, 470, 2002-Ohio-2584, 769 N.E.2d 372. Finally, R.C. 2744.03(A) makes available several defenses that a political subdivision may assert ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "769 N.E.2d 372", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "699db82b05aef5a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 13770, "end": 13773, "quote": "Id.", "context": "“maintain” as “To preserve or keep in a given existing condition, as of efficiency or good repair.” Id. The deposition testimony presented indicates that the accident in this case occurred because the op", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "769 N.E.2d 372", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6f8c590a8d4f5e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 14457, "end": 14475, "quote": "95 Ohio App.3d 536", "context": "ot include the duty to upgrade it to current construction standards. See Treese v. Delaware (1994), 95 Ohio App.3d 536, 543, 642 N.E.2d 1147, stating in the context of highways that maintenance involves only the preser", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 Ohio App. 3d 536", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_95/0536_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0b82806486367e45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 14482, "end": 14497, "quote": "642 N.E.2d 1147", "context": "grade it to current construction standards. See Treese v. Delaware (1994), 95 Ohio App.3d 536, 543, 642 N.E.2d 1147, stating in the context of highways that maintenance involves only the preservation of existing fac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "642 N.E.2d 1147", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04c4a2797cacf636", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 14892, "end": 14906, "quote": "1993 WL 389781", "context": "s v. Cuyahoga Cty. Bd. of Commrs., Sept. 30, 1993, Cuyahoga County Court of Appeals Case No. 62949, 1993 WL 389781, stating that the board had no duty to upgrade a highway median barrier as technology developed.\n{¶", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1993 WL 389781", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c97e32894f837e5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 16291, "end": 16308, "quote": "95 Ohio St.3d 344", "context": " a danger for ordinary traffic on the regularly travelled portion of the road.” Haynes v. Franklin, 95 Ohio St.3d 344, 2002-Ohio-2334, 767 N.E.2d 1146, at ¶ 12, quoting Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank of Detroit v. Erie Cty", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "95 Ohio St. 3d 344", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_95/0344_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "62ea70b2038c8fd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 16310, "end": 16324, "quote": "2002-Ohio-2334", "context": "ary traffic on the regularly travelled portion of the road.” Haynes v. Franklin, 95 Ohio St.3d 344, 2002-Ohio-2334, 767 N.E.2d 1146, at ¶ 12, quoting Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank of Detroit v. Erie Cty. Road Comm. (19", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2002-Ohio-2334", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b327e93ea6ac6b9d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 16326, "end": 16341, "quote": "767 N.E.2d 1146", "context": "he regularly travelled portion of the road.” Haynes v. Franklin, 95 Ohio St.3d 344, 2002-Ohio-2334, 767 N.E.2d 1146, at ¶ 12, quoting Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank of Detroit v. Erie Cty. Road Comm. (1992), 63 Ohio St.3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "767 N.E.2d 1146", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e6b5a8f29060176", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 16429, "end": 16446, "quote": "63 Ohio St.3d 318", "context": " N.E.2d 1146, at ¶ 12, quoting Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank of Detroit v. Erie Cty. Road Comm. (1992), 63 Ohio St.3d 318, 322, 587 N.E.2d 819. Under this standard, the political subdivision’s duty is not limited to physi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 Ohio St. 3d 318", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_63/0318_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7a57b14d9452045a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 16453, "end": 16467, "quote": "587 N.E.2d 819", "context": "uoting Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank of Detroit v. Erie Cty. Road Comm. (1992), 63 Ohio St.3d 318, 322, 587 N.E.2d 819. Under this standard, the political subdivision’s duty is not limited to physical conditions in the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "587 N.E.2d 819", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e0d9fdb28fd6c2f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 16766, "end": 16789, "quote": "63 Ohio St.3d at 321-22", "context": "ect the [road’s] safety for the regular and ordinary course of traffic.” Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank, 63 Ohio St.3d at 321-22, 587 N.E.2d 819.\n{¶ 21} The city submitted an affidavit from Tribby along with its summary-judgment", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "63 Ohio St. 3d 318", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_63/0318_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "65759d973d1558b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 16791, "end": 16805, "quote": "587 N.E.2d 819", "context": "or the regular and ordinary course of traffic.” Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank, 63 Ohio St.3d at 321-22, 587 N.E.2d 819.\n{¶ 21} The city submitted an affidavit from Tribby along with its summary-judgment motion. Attache", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "587 N.E.2d 819", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c19b9668326478b0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 17582, "end": 17602, "quote": "63 Ohio St.3d at 322", "context": " for ordinary traffic on the regularly traveled portion of the road. See Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank, 63 Ohio St.3d at 322, 587 N.E.2d 819. There is no reason to think that the grate would adversely affect vehicular and pe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "63 Ohio St. 3d 318", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_63/0318_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ff05f80ef4a8738", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 17604, "end": 17618, "quote": "587 N.E.2d 819", "context": "on the regularly traveled portion of the road. See Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank, 63 Ohio St.3d at 322, 587 N.E.2d 819. There is no reason to think that the grate would adversely affect vehicular and pedestrian traffic", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "587 N.E.2d 819", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9a0c4cf18b958870", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 18060, "end": 18080, "quote": "78 Ohio St.3d at 145", "context": "n fell on Murray to set forth specific facts showing that the grate was such a nuisance. See Kulch, 78 Ohio St.3d at 145, 677 N.E.2d 308. Unfortunate-, ly, Murray cannot satisfy this burden. In responding to the city’s m", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "78 Ohio St. 3d 134", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_78/0134_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d893a7a877840df9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 18082, "end": 18096, "quote": "677 N.E.2d 308", "context": "t forth specific facts showing that the grate was such a nuisance. See Kulch, 78 Ohio St.3d at 145, 677 N.E.2d 308. Unfortunate-, ly, Murray cannot satisfy this burden. In responding to the city’s motion, Murray di", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "677 N.E.2d 308", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "137f662d1843424e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 18490, "end": 18507, "quote": "43 Ohio St.2d 171", "context": "ly that the catch-basin grate was not a nuisance under the statute.\n{¶ 23} Lovick v. Marion (1975), 43 Ohio St.2d 171, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445, bolsters this conclusion. There, the Supreme Court of Ohio considere", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 Ohio St. 2d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_43/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "14c69c8e9c6703b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 18509, "end": 18521, "quote": "72 O.O.2d 95", "context": "asin grate was not a nuisance under the statute.\n{¶ 23} Lovick v. Marion (1975), 43 Ohio St.2d 171, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445, bolsters this conclusion. There, the Supreme Court of Ohio considered whether a ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 Ohio Op. 2d 95", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06c818a89723534a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 18523, "end": 18537, "quote": "331 N.E.2d 445", "context": " not a nuisance under the statute.\n{¶ 23} Lovick v. Marion (1975), 43 Ohio St.2d 171, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445, bolsters this conclusion. There, the Supreme Court of Ohio considered whether a catch basin and dr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "331 N.E.2d 445", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "167eee80e864a2ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 20085, "end": 20105, "quote": "43 Ohio St.2d at 174", "context": " and did not cause injury to a person using the street in an expected and ordinary manner.” Lovick, 43 Ohio St.2d at 174, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445.\n{¶ 25} Although Lovick involved a municipal corporation’s duty under", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "43 Ohio St. 2d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_43/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "34c54f3f031a4f4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 20107, "end": 20119, "quote": "72 O.O.2d 95", "context": "ury to a person using the street in an expected and ordinary manner.” Lovick, 43 Ohio St.2d at 174, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445.\n{¶ 25} Although Lovick involved a municipal corporation’s duty under R.C. 723.01, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 Ohio Op. 2d 95", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f90078db3bd9aaab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 20121, "end": 20135, "quote": "331 N.E.2d 445", "context": "n using the street in an expected and ordinary manner.” Lovick, 43 Ohio St.2d at 174, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445.\n{¶ 25} Although Lovick involved a municipal corporation’s duty under R.C. 723.01, Ohio courts have", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "331 N.E.2d 445", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e703d637a1d020d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 20367, "end": 20384, "quote": "63 Ohio St.3d 318", "context": "ing R.C. 723.01 when deciding cases under R.C. 2744.02(B)(3). See, e.g., Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank, 63 Ohio St.3d 318, 587 N.E.2d 819; Neudecker v. Butler Cty. Engineer’s Office (2001), 146 Ohio App.3d 614, 767 N.E.2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 Ohio St. 3d 318", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_63/0318_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "efc6318a40b8a235", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 20386, "end": 20400, "quote": "587 N.E.2d 819", "context": "n deciding cases under R.C. 2744.02(B)(3). See, e.g., Manufacturer’s Natl. Bank, 63 Ohio St.3d 318, 587 N.E.2d 819; Neudecker v. Butler Cty. Engineer’s Office (2001), 146 Ohio App.3d 614, 767 N.E.2d 776; Harris v. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "587 N.E.2d 819", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "177548a79e0d2fb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 20453, "end": 20472, "quote": "146 Ohio App.3d 614", "context": "s Natl. Bank, 63 Ohio St.3d 318, 587 N.E.2d 819; Neudecker v. Butler Cty. Engineer’s Office (2001), 146 Ohio App.3d 614, 767 N.E.2d 776; Harris v. Ohio Dept. of Transp. (1992), 83 Ohio App.3d 125, 614 N.E.2d 779. The re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "146 Ohio App. 3d 614", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_146/0614_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00a5fb935a8f8923", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 20474, "end": 20488, "quote": "767 N.E.2d 776", "context": " St.3d 318, 587 N.E.2d 819; Neudecker v. Butler Cty. Engineer’s Office (2001), 146 Ohio App.3d 614, 767 N.E.2d 776; Harris v. Ohio Dept. of Transp. (1992), 83 Ohio App.3d 125, 614 N.E.2d 779. The relevant facts in ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "767 N.E.2d 776", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a971da8f73e20fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 20530, "end": 20548, "quote": "83 Ohio App.3d 125", "context": "ineer’s Office (2001), 146 Ohio App.3d 614, 767 N.E.2d 776; Harris v. Ohio Dept. of Transp. (1992), 83 Ohio App.3d 125, 614 N.E.2d 779. The relevant facts in Lovick and this case are similar in that both cases involve ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 Ohio App. 3d 125", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0125_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ccb4e2deadf5537e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 20550, "end": 20564, "quote": "614 N.E.2d 779", "context": "), 146 Ohio App.3d 614, 767 N.E.2d 776; Harris v. Ohio Dept. of Transp. (1992), 83 Ohio App.3d 125, 614 N.E.2d 779. The relevant facts in Lovick and this case are similar in that both cases involve a catch basin lo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "614 N.E.2d 779", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8f7afecceb444bed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 21039, "end": 21059, "quote": "43 Ohio St.2d at 174", "context": " and did not cause injury to a person using the street in an expected and ordinary manner.” Lovick, 43 Ohio St.2d at 174, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445. We find the same to be true here. Because there is no evidence that ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "43 Ohio St. 2d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_43/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "09a3b49edb2d7bfd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 21061, "end": 21073, "quote": "72 O.O.2d 95", "context": "ury to a person using the street in an expected and ordinary manner.” Lovick, 43 Ohio St.2d at 174, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445. We find the same to be true here. Because there is no evidence that the catch-basi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 Ohio Op. 2d 95", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "162390175ac17471", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 21075, "end": 21089, "quote": "331 N.E.2d 445", "context": "n using the street in an expected and ordinary manner.” Lovick, 43 Ohio St.2d at 174, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445. We find the same to be true here. Because there is no evidence that the catch-basin grate created ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "331 N.E.2d 445", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8b6bfc320636666a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 22513, "end": 22519, "quote": "supra,", "context": " R.C. 723.01 is limited to conditions that affect the traveled portions of the roadway. See Lovick, supra, 43 Ohio St.2d 171, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445.\n{¶ 28} To the extent that Murray relies on the “pu", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a470f85904469f52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 22520, "end": 22537, "quote": "43 Ohio St.2d 171", "context": "23.01 is limited to conditions that affect the traveled portions of the roadway. See Lovick, supra, 43 Ohio St.2d 171, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445.\n{¶ 28} To the extent that Murray relies on the “public grounds” lang", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 Ohio St. 2d 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_43/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "19ec06903eefa0e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 22539, "end": 22551, "quote": "72 O.O.2d 95", "context": " conditions that affect the traveled portions of the roadway. See Lovick, supra, 43 Ohio St.2d 171, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445.\n{¶ 28} To the extent that Murray relies on the “public grounds” language of R.C. 7", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 Ohio Op. 2d 95", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "096313a4364adc07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 22553, "end": 22567, "quote": "331 N.E.2d 445", "context": "at affect the traveled portions of the roadway. See Lovick, supra, 43 Ohio St.2d 171, 72 O.O.2d 95, 331 N.E.2d 445.\n{¶ 28} To the extent that Murray relies on the “public grounds” language of R.C. 723.01, we remain", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "331 N.E.2d 445", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a4f0ad85246d2d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 22983, "end": 23000, "quote": "11 Ohio Misc. 123", "context": "ly those grounds that are open to the public for regular travel. See Marshall v. Portsmouth (1967), 11 Ohio Misc. 123, 124, 40 O.O.2d 415, 229 N.E.2d 665. All of the other terms in the statute relate to areas in which", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 Ohio Misc. 123", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aca26f91990a49ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 23007, "end": 23020, "quote": "40 O.O.2d 415", "context": "e open to the public for regular travel. See Marshall v. Portsmouth (1967), 11 Ohio Misc. 123, 124, 40 O.O.2d 415, 229 N.E.2d 665. All of the other terms in the statute relate to areas in which the public may walk", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 Ohio Op. 2d 415", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c8bc7e161178e89b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 23022, "end": 23036, "quote": "229 N.E.2d 665", "context": "ublic for regular travel. See Marshall v. Portsmouth (1967), 11 Ohio Misc. 123, 124, 40 O.O.2d 415, 229 N.E.2d 665. All of the other terms in the statute relate to areas in which the public may walk, ride, or trave", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "229 N.E.2d 665", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b409a2e29aea019a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 24614, "end": 24631, "quote": "97 Ohio St.3d 451", "context": "ppeal, we apply the version in effect in March 2003. See Hubbard v. Canton City School Bd. of Edn., 97 Ohio St.3d 451, 454, 2002-Ohio-6718, 780 N.E.2d 543. This requires us to apply the version of the statute in effec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 Ohio St. 3d 451", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_97/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "66740d8f609b6404", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 24638, "end": 24652, "quote": "2002-Ohio-6718", "context": "ion in effect in March 2003. See Hubbard v. Canton City School Bd. of Edn., 97 Ohio St.3d 451, 454, 2002-Ohio-6718, 780 N.E.2d 543. This requires us to apply the version of the statute in effect prior to the enactm", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2002-Ohio-6718", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4be8838d2e8d7e4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 24654, "end": 24668, "quote": "780 N.E.2d 543", "context": " March 2003. See Hubbard v. Canton City School Bd. of Edn., 97 Ohio St.3d 451, 454, 2002-Ohio-6718, 780 N.E.2d 543. This requires us to apply the version of the statute in effect prior to the enactment of 1996 Am.S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "780 N.E.2d 543", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e0b7f4c190c0daa2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 24852, "end": 24869, "quote": "86 Ohio St.3d 451", "context": "ent of 1996 Am.Sub.H.B. No. 350. See State ex rel. Ohio Academy of Trial Lawyers v. Sheward (1999), 86 Ohio St.3d 451, 715 N.E.2d 1062, and Stevens v. Ackman (2001), 91 Ohio St.3d 182, 743 N.E.2d 901.\n. Murray actuall", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 Ohio St. 3d 451", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_86/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a626ec4fdf2d6a03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 24871, "end": 24886, "quote": "715 N.E.2d 1062", "context": "H.B. No. 350. See State ex rel. Ohio Academy of Trial Lawyers v. Sheward (1999), 86 Ohio St.3d 451, 715 N.E.2d 1062, and Stevens v. Ackman (2001), 91 Ohio St.3d 182, 743 N.E.2d 901.\n. Murray actually relies on the c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 N.E.2d 1062", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54771c2b4889bf53", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 24918, "end": 24935, "quote": "91 Ohio St.3d 182", "context": " Trial Lawyers v. Sheward (1999), 86 Ohio St.3d 451, 715 N.E.2d 1062, and Stevens v. Ackman (2001), 91 Ohio St.3d 182, 743 N.E.2d 901.\n. Murray actually relies on the current version of the statute, which imposes liab", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Ohio St. 3d 182", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_91/0182_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83ce1ed3c154e417", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 24937, "end": 24951, "quote": "743 N.E.2d 901", "context": "heward (1999), 86 Ohio St.3d 451, 715 N.E.2d 1062, and Stevens v. Ackman (2001), 91 Ohio St.3d 182, 743 N.E.2d 901.\n. Murray actually relies on the current version of the statute, which imposes liability for a poli", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "743 N.E.2d 901", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bad9888f00cb7d8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 25645, "end": 25662, "quote": "86 Ohio St.3d 451", "context": " us to apply the version in effect prior to the enactment of 1996 Am.Sub.H.B. No. 350. See Sheward, 86 Ohio St.3d 451, 715 N.E.2d 1062.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "86 Ohio St. 3d 451", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_86/0451_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c0b86d095a907786", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_164/0294_01/index.html", "start": 25664, "end": 25679, "quote": "715 N.E.2d 1062", "context": "rsion in effect prior to the enactment of 1996 Am.Sub.H.B. No. 350. See Sheward, 86 Ohio St.3d 451, 715 N.E.2d 1062.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 N.E.2d 1062", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c5c5b295840e4a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_167/0444_01/index.html", "start": 7456, "end": 7471, "quote": "27 Ohio St. 331", "context": "e 80-acre parcel of land in dispute in this matter.\n{¶ 12} Appellees cite Hayes v. Skidmore (1875), 27 Ohio St. 331, for the proposition that only the vendees (here, David and Dusty Smeller) have the authority to re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "27 Ohio St. 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st/volume_27/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "da4a24d34aa026b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_167/0444_01/index.html", "start": 8012, "end": 8022, "quote": "Id. at 334", "context": " sale, or he may complete it, upon abatement of price or other terms satisfactory to both parties.”\nId. at 334. In later analysis in the ease regarding whether the transfer of title by fewer than all the owners", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "27 Ohio St. 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st/volume_27/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "87da6dd2f5223bc4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_167/0444_01/index.html", "start": 8347, "end": 8357, "quote": "Id. at 337", "context": "e the contract “has been practically abandoned and rescinded by almost every one interested in it.” Id. at 337.\n{¶ 13} This court concedes that appellant is not a party to the purported contract for the sale of", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "27 Ohio St. 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st/volume_27/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "18e9595025ea1390", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_167/0444_01/index.html", "start": 9061, "end": 9080, "quote": "131 Ohio App.3d 143", "context": "e trustee’s legal title to the real estate to anyone. See In re Testamentary Trust of Hasch (1999), 131 Ohio App.3d 143, 146, 721 N.E.2d 1111. Accordingly, this court finds that as an interested party to the contract, a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "131 Ohio App. 3d 143", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_131/0143_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "04136dce49b4b17b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_167/0444_01/index.html", "start": 9087, "end": 9102, "quote": "721 N.E.2d 1111", "context": " the real estate to anyone. See In re Testamentary Trust of Hasch (1999), 131 Ohio App.3d 143, 146, 721 N.E.2d 1111. Accordingly, this court finds that as an interested party to the contract, appellant has the right", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "721 N.E.2d 1111", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13f632bbce2665b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 4693, "end": 4710, "quote": "54 Ohio St.2d 147", "context": "attern was before the Supreme Court in Richard A. Berjian, D.O., Inc. v. Ohio Bell Tel. Co. (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 147, 8 O.O.3d 149, 375 N.E.2d 410. In Berjian, the plaintiff sought to hold the defendant liable for a ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 Ohio St. 2d 147", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_54/0147_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "56093fd8b6ce3a8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 4712, "end": 4724, "quote": "8 O.O.3d 149", "context": "he Supreme Court in Richard A. Berjian, D.O., Inc. v. Ohio Bell Tel. Co. (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 147, 8 O.O.3d 149, 375 N.E.2d 410. In Berjian, the plaintiff sought to hold the defendant liable for a negligent tele", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "8 Ohio Op. 3d 149", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3b1c7a6870d33066", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 4726, "end": 4740, "quote": "375 N.E.2d 410", "context": "rt in Richard A. Berjian, D.O., Inc. v. Ohio Bell Tel. Co. (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 147, 8 O.O.3d 149, 375 N.E.2d 410. In Berjian, the plaintiff sought to hold the defendant liable for a negligent telephone directory ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "375 N.E.2d 410", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4a2f0da0670c16ab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 5753, "end": 5763, "quote": "Section 91", "context": "constitute an acceptance on the part of the offeree. See 1 Williston on Contracts (3 Ed.1957), 319, Section 91; Restatement of Contracts 2d 142, Section 72(1)(c), (Tent. Draft Nos. 1-7, 1973).” Id. at 152, 8 O.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dc29d609e9ccdd3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 5798, "end": 5814, "quote": "Section 72(1)(c)", "context": "fferee. See 1 Williston on Contracts (3 Ed.1957), 319, Section 91; Restatement of Contracts 2d 142, Section 72(1)(c), (Tent. Draft Nos. 1-7, 1973).” Id. at 152, 8 O.O.3d at 152, 375 N.E.2d at 414.\nRestatement of the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b3ebe88f03240f88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 5847, "end": 5857, "quote": "Id. at 152", "context": " 319, Section 91; Restatement of Contracts 2d 142, Section 72(1)(c), (Tent. Draft Nos. 1-7, 1973).” Id. at 152, 8 O.O.3d at 152, 375 N.E.2d at 414.\nRestatement of the Law 2d, Contracts (1981) 164, Section 69(2)", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3fb7085f06f6ead1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 5859, "end": 5874, "quote": "8 O.O.3d at 152", "context": "n 91; Restatement of Contracts 2d 142, Section 72(1)(c), (Tent. Draft Nos. 1-7, 1973).” Id. at 152, 8 O.O.3d at 152, 375 N.E.2d at 414.\nRestatement of the Law 2d, Contracts (1981) 164, Section 69(2), formerly Sectio", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "8 Ohio Op. 3d 149", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d44f7c2d8e9c16a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 5876, "end": 5893, "quote": "375 N.E.2d at 414", "context": " of Contracts 2d 142, Section 72(1)(c), (Tent. Draft Nos. 1-7, 1973).” Id. at 152, 8 O.O.3d at 152, 375 N.E.2d at 414.\nRestatement of the Law 2d, Contracts (1981) 164, Section 69(2), formerly Section 72(2) of the tent", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "375 N.E.2d 410", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08808a2fd4ae35f8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 5944, "end": 5957, "quote": "Section 69(2)", "context": ".” Id. at 152, 8 O.O.3d at 152, 375 N.E.2d at 414.\nRestatement of the Law 2d, Contracts (1981) 164, Section 69(2), formerly Section 72(2) of the tentative drafts cited in Berjian, allows the same conclusion even i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc3a935a45bbbed7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 5968, "end": 5981, "quote": "Section 72(2)", "context": "at 152, 375 N.E.2d at 414.\nRestatement of the Law 2d, Contracts (1981) 164, Section 69(2), formerly Section 72(2) of the tentative drafts cited in Berjian, allows the same conclusion even if we conclude that there", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e79f3d85c03fbc23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 6152, "end": 6165, "quote": "Section 69(2)", "context": "ven if we conclude that there were insufficient prior business dealings between the parties herein. Section 69(2) provides:\n“(2) An offeree who does any act inconsistent with the offeror’s ownership of offered pro", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "98252964775163f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 8651, "end": 8663, "quote": "1985 WL 9837", "context": "Buel Stone Corp. v. Buckeye Aeration Serv. (Jan. 31, 1985), Franklin App. No. 84AP-440, unreported, 1985 WL 9837. Therefore, the bailee or lessee is under a strict duty to return the bailed goods at the expiratio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "1985 WL 9837", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6d27042cf3b9ccdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 9411, "end": 9429, "quote": "20 Ohio App.3d 217", "context": "ated the fair rental value to be $200. per month. See Master Lease of Ohio, Inc. v. Andrews (1984), 20 Ohio App.3d 217, 219, 20 OBR 264, 265, 485 N.E.2d 820, 822.\nWhile a different issue was presented, the court’s disc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 Ohio App. 3d 217", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_20/0217_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "09f3cb943860a256", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 9453, "end": 9467, "quote": "485 N.E.2d 820", "context": " month. See Master Lease of Ohio, Inc. v. Andrews (1984), 20 Ohio App.3d 217, 219, 20 OBR 264, 265, 485 N.E.2d 820, 822.\nWhile a different issue was presented, the court’s discussion of common-law bailment principl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "485 N.E.2d 820", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4758275bf1a491f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 9615, "end": 9632, "quote": "64 Ohio App.2d 65", "context": "e court’s discussion of common-law bailment principles in Frank Nero Auto Lease v. Townsend (1979), 64 Ohio App.2d 65, 18 O.O.3d 44, 411 N.E.2d 507, is illustrative. The Townsend court stated:\n“That is, in the absence", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 Ohio App. 2d 65", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-app-2d/volume_64/0065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83147c6e3c4c8e6e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 9634, "end": 9646, "quote": "18 O.O.3d 44", "context": "n of common-law bailment principles in Frank Nero Auto Lease v. Townsend (1979), 64 Ohio App.2d 65, 18 O.O.3d 44, 411 N.E.2d 507, is illustrative. The Townsend court stated:\n“That is, in the absence of a contract", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "18 Ohio Op. 3d 44", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "43127450710610f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 9648, "end": 9662, "quote": "411 N.E.2d 507", "context": "w bailment principles in Frank Nero Auto Lease v. Townsend (1979), 64 Ohio App.2d 65, 18 O.O.3d 44, 411 N.E.2d 507, is illustrative. The Townsend court stated:\n“That is, in the absence of a contractual provision to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "411 N.E.2d 507", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "77b5a58f83036920", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 10168, "end": 10181, "quote": "Id. at 70, 71", "context": "otor vehicle is repossessed by a lessor, the obligation to pay unaccrued rent is terminated. * * *” Id. at 70, 71, 18 O.O.3d at 47, 48, 411 N.E.2d at 511, 512.\nTherefore, by necessary implication, Townsend also st", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0424b601005bd796", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 10183, "end": 10202, "quote": "18 O.O.3d at 47, 48", "context": " repossessed by a lessor, the obligation to pay unaccrued rent is terminated. * * *” Id. at 70, 71, 18 O.O.3d at 47, 48, 411 N.E.2d at 511, 512.\nTherefore, by necessary implication, Townsend also stands for the principl", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "18 Ohio Op. 3d 44", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8c5b142df0d49ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 10204, "end": 10226, "quote": "411 N.E.2d at 511, 512", "context": "sor, the obligation to pay unaccrued rent is terminated. * * *” Id. at 70, 71, 18 O.O.3d at 47, 48, 411 N.E.2d at 511, 512.\nTherefore, by necessary implication, Townsend also stands for the principle that, until the chatte", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "411 N.E.2d 507", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "84ee20b1dbb610d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 11162, "end": 11178, "quote": "2 Ohio St.3d 122", "context": " attorney fees are not recoverable as costs in a contract action. Allen v. Standard Oil Co. (1982), 2 Ohio St.3d 122, 2 OBR 671, 443 N.E.2d 497; Gates v. Toledo (1897), 57 Ohio St. 105, 48 N.E. 500.\nAs the Supreme Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "2 Ohio St. 3d 122", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_2/0122_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bd25b8e38de7d2af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 11191, "end": 11205, "quote": "443 N.E.2d 497", "context": "rable as costs in a contract action. Allen v. Standard Oil Co. (1982), 2 Ohio St.3d 122, 2 OBR 671, 443 N.E.2d 497; Gates v. Toledo (1897), 57 Ohio St. 105, 48 N.E. 500.\nAs the Supreme Court has stated in Gahanna v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "443 N.E.2d 497", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "505f2e46fd519d3b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 11231, "end": 11246, "quote": "57 Ohio St. 105", "context": "en v. Standard Oil Co. (1982), 2 Ohio St.3d 122, 2 OBR 671, 443 N.E.2d 497; Gates v. Toledo (1897), 57 Ohio St. 105, 48 N.E. 500.\nAs the Supreme Court has stated in Gahanna v. Eastgate Properties, Inc. (1988), 36 Oh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "57 Ohio St. 105", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st/volume_57/0105_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d318b9e07811add8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 11248, "end": 11259, "quote": "48 N.E. 500", "context": "l Co. (1982), 2 Ohio St.3d 122, 2 OBR 671, 443 N.E.2d 497; Gates v. Toledo (1897), 57 Ohio St. 105, 48 N.E. 500.\nAs the Supreme Court has stated in Gahanna v. Eastgate Properties, Inc. (1988), 36 Ohio St.3d 65, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "48 N.E. 500", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7959af8c7492a35f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 11341, "end": 11357, "quote": "36 Ohio St.3d 65", "context": ". 105, 48 N.E. 500.\nAs the Supreme Court has stated in Gahanna v. Eastgate Properties, Inc. (1988), 36 Ohio St.3d 65, 66, 521 N.E.2d 814, 816:\n“ * * * Generally, a prevailing party may not recover attorney fees as co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "36 Ohio St. 3d 65", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_36/0065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b3f3da32a0a27001", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 11363, "end": 11377, "quote": "521 N.E.2d 814", "context": " the Supreme Court has stated in Gahanna v. Eastgate Properties, Inc. (1988), 36 Ohio St.3d 65, 66, 521 N.E.2d 814, 816:\n“ * * * Generally, a prevailing party may not recover attorney fees as costs of litigation in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "521 N.E.2d 814", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa076c867ce57076", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 11877, "end": 11893, "quote": "33 Ohio St.2d 41", "context": "rity qualifying him for the benefit of an exception. See Motorists Mut. Ins. Co. v. Trainor (1973), 33 Ohio St.2d 41, 62 O.O.2d 402, 294 N.E.2d 874; Allen, supra. We are not persuaded that the contractual provisions ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "33 Ohio St. 2d 41", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-2d/volume_33/0041_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6d6995a48720ec6c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 11895, "end": 11908, "quote": "62 O.O.2d 402", "context": "m for the benefit of an exception. See Motorists Mut. Ins. Co. v. Trainor (1973), 33 Ohio St.2d 41, 62 O.O.2d 402, 294 N.E.2d 874; Allen, supra. We are not persuaded that the contractual provisions imposing attorn", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "62 Ohio Op. 2d 402", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dbb424c99390ca80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 11910, "end": 11924, "quote": "294 N.E.2d 874", "context": "it of an exception. See Motorists Mut. Ins. Co. v. Trainor (1973), 33 Ohio St.2d 41, 62 O.O.2d 402, 294 N.E.2d 874; Allen, supra. We are not persuaded that the contractual provisions imposing attorney fees are suff", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "294 N.E.2d 874", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81ca64b4d8cec368", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 11933, "end": 11939, "quote": "supra.", "context": " Motorists Mut. Ins. Co. v. Trainor (1973), 33 Ohio St.2d 41, 62 O.O.2d 402, 294 N.E.2d 874; Allen, supra. We are not persuaded that the contractual provisions imposing attorney fees are sufficiently clear ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ad346a02d5cd237b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 13753, "end": 13769, "quote": "24 Ohio St.3d 12", "context": "rant an absolute right to appellant to recover his costs. State, ex rel. Gravill, v. Fuerst (1986), 24 Ohio St.3d 12, 24 OBR 10, 492 N.E.2d 809. A trial court is granted some discretion in the amount and division of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "24 Ohio St. 3d 12", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ohio-st-3d/volume_24/0012_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2a233d66fc98556c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-app-3d/volume_71/0109_01/index.html", "start": 13782, "end": 13796, "quote": "492 N.E.2d 809", "context": "ellant to recover his costs. State, ex rel. Gravill, v. Fuerst (1986), 24 Ohio St.3d 12, 24 OBR 10, 492 N.E.2d 809. A trial court is granted some discretion in the amount and division of court costs. In the present", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "492 N.E.2d 809", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dfcf0a7627c576f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st-2d/volume_1/0066_01/index.html", "start": 315, "end": 332, "quote": "159 Ohio St., 492", "context": "hat of the Probate Court on a question of fact and entering final judgments. In re Estate of Tyler, 159 Ohio St., 492. However, its judgment doing so may be treated as a reversal on the weight of the evidence. See Hen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "159 Ohio St., 492", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1ec277425861fcd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st-2d/volume_1/0066_01/index.html", "start": 445, "end": 462, "quote": "157 Ohio St., 319", "context": "s judgment doing so may be treated as a reversal on the weight of the evidence. See Henry v. Henry, 157 Ohio St., 319.\nThe judgments of the Court of Appeals are reversed and the causes are remanded to the Probate Cour", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "157 Ohio St., 319", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "05fb5269f7c35759", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st-3d/volume_149/1412_03/index.html", "start": 46, "end": 71, "quote": "Registration No. 0067797,", "context": "\nSua sponte, Rasheed Asani Simmonds, Attorney Registration No. 0067797, last known business address in Cincinnati, Ohio, found in contempt for failure to file an affidavit", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Registration No. 0067797,", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ef911e2802dde88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st-3d/volume_67/0450_02/index.html", "start": 258, "end": 274, "quote": "9 Ohio St.3d 114", "context": "is an adequate remedy at law. State ex rel. Kaldor v. Court of Common Pleas of Belmont Cty. (1984), 9 Ohio St.3d 114, 9 OBR 339, 459 N.E.2d 517.\nJudgment affirmed.\nMoyer, C.J., A.W. Sweeney, Douglas, Wright, Resnick,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 Ohio St. 3d 114", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_9/0114_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1fb923bb96be9f0b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st-3d/volume_67/0450_02/index.html", "start": 287, "end": 301, "quote": "459 N.E.2d 517", "context": " State ex rel. Kaldor v. Court of Common Pleas of Belmont Cty. (1984), 9 Ohio St.3d 114, 9 OBR 339, 459 N.E.2d 517.\nJudgment affirmed.\nMoyer, C.J., A.W. Sweeney, Douglas, Wright, Resnick, F.E. Sweeney and Pfeifer, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "459 N.E.2d 517", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "267ef9aa68768393", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 100, "end": 115, "quote": "Sections 9510-3", "context": "\nMatthias, J.\nThis proceeding is instituted by the judgment creditors pursuant to the provisions of Sections 9510-3 and 9510-4, General Code, to enforce the right of subrogation thereby 'conferred upon them. The pur", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb1d3992737b9815", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 1077, "end": 1094, "quote": "114 Ohio St., 633", "context": " of the conditions of the policy, could not recover. Stacey v. Fidelity & Casualty Co. of New York, 114 Ohio St., 633, 151 N. E., 718; Lorando v. Gethro, 228 Mass., 181, 117 N. E., 185; Ocean Accident & Guaranty Corp.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 Ohio St., 633", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab18bb36754132ad", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 1096, "end": 1110, "quote": "151 N. E., 718", "context": "of the policy, could not recover. Stacey v. Fidelity & Casualty Co. of New York, 114 Ohio St., 633, 151 N. E., 718; Lorando v. Gethro, 228 Mass., 181, 117 N. E., 185; Ocean Accident & Guaranty Corp., Ltd., v. Schro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 N.E., 718", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cfc145889d419a36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 1131, "end": 1145, "quote": "228 Mass., 181", "context": "tacey v. Fidelity & Casualty Co. of New York, 114 Ohio St., 633, 151 N. E., 718; Lorando v. Gethro, 228 Mass., 181, 117 N. E., 185; Ocean Accident & Guaranty Corp., Ltd., v. Schroeder, 48 F. (2d), 727; Storer v. Oc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "228 Mass., 181", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3de07992ef76c74d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 1147, "end": 1161, "quote": "117 N. E., 185", "context": "y & Casualty Co. of New York, 114 Ohio St., 633, 151 N. E., 718; Lorando v. Gethro, 228 Mass., 181, 117 N. E., 185; Ocean Accident & Guaranty Corp., Ltd., v. Schroeder, 48 F. (2d), 727; Storer v. Ocean Accident & G", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 N.E., 185", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c9d0b730b352cc5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 2611, "end": 2626, "quote": "Section 11420-1", "context": "y placed upon the plaintiff, the court had previously erred in the application of the provisions of Section 11420-1, General Code, by requiring the defendant to first produce its evidence, and then refusing to consi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2daf216809229ce9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 4316, "end": 4330, "quote": "247 N. Y., 271", "context": " at all events. Such acts constitute a refusal to cooperate. Coleman v. New Amsterdam Casualty Co., 247 N. Y., 271, 160 N. E., 367; Rochon v. Preferred Acc. Ins. Co. of New York, 114 Conn., 313, 158 A., 815.\nA mate", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "247 N.Y., 271", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cdc3e55d22b67d55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 4332, "end": 4346, "quote": "160 N. E., 367", "context": "Such acts constitute a refusal to cooperate. Coleman v. New Amsterdam Casualty Co., 247 N. Y., 271, 160 N. E., 367; Rochon v. Preferred Acc. Ins. Co. of New York, 114 Conn., 313, 158 A., 815.\nA material misrepresen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "160 N.E., 367", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da3c238476ff0271", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 4395, "end": 4409, "quote": "114 Conn., 313", "context": "terdam Casualty Co., 247 N. Y., 271, 160 N. E., 367; Rochon v. Preferred Acc. Ins. Co. of New York, 114 Conn., 313, 158 A., 815.\nA material misrepresentation of the facts to the insurer respecting an accident is a ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 Conn., 313", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18cb86411f0ff4df", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 4411, "end": 4422, "quote": "158 A., 815", "context": "Co., 247 N. Y., 271, 160 N. E., 367; Rochon v. Preferred Acc. Ins. Co. of New York, 114 Conn., 313, 158 A., 815.\nA material misrepresentation of the facts to the insurer respecting an accident is a violation of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "158 A., 815", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7fec67e3779917b2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 4749, "end": 4762, "quote": "140 Ore., 538", "context": " States Fidelity & Guaranty Co. v. Wyer, 60 F. (2d), 856; Allegretto v. Oregon Automobile Ins. Co., 140 Ore., 538, 13 P. (2d), 647.\nThe assured cannot arbitrarily or unreasonably decline to assist in making a fair", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 Or., 538", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "86c38a2d9d33e3cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 4764, "end": 4779, "quote": "13 P. (2d), 647", "context": "y & Guaranty Co. v. Wyer, 60 F. (2d), 856; Allegretto v. Oregon Automobile Ins. Co., 140 Ore., 538, 13 P. (2d), 647.\nThe assured cannot arbitrarily or unreasonably decline to assist in making a fair and legitimate d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 P.2d, 647", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06301a51f632c9a6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 5330, "end": 5342, "quote": "159 Md., 631", "context": "nt for the insurer in the following cases: American Automobile Ins. Co. v. Fidelity & Casualty Co., 159 Md., 631, 152 A., 523; Koontz v. General Casualty Co. of America, 162 Wash., 77, 297 P., 1081; Nochon v. Pre", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "159 Md., 631", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5ba78345cd6b3366", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 5344, "end": 5355, "quote": "152 A., 523", "context": "urer in the following cases: American Automobile Ins. Co. v. Fidelity & Casualty Co., 159 Md., 631, 152 A., 523; Koontz v. General Casualty Co. of America, 162 Wash., 77, 297 P., 1081; Nochon v. Preferred Acc. I", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "152 A., 523", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "73895b915b4f908e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 5400, "end": 5413, "quote": "162 Wash., 77", "context": ". v. Fidelity & Casualty Co., 159 Md., 631, 152 A., 523; Koontz v. General Casualty Co. of America, 162 Wash., 77, 297 P., 1081; Nochon v. Preferred Acc. Ins. Co. of New York, supra; Buffalo v. United States Fidel", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "162 Wash., 77", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7e5d556fdd5a160b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 5415, "end": 5427, "quote": "297 P., 1081", "context": " Casualty Co., 159 Md., 631, 152 A., 523; Koontz v. General Casualty Co. of America, 162 Wash., 77, 297 P., 1081; Nochon v. Preferred Acc. Ins. Co. of New York, supra; Buffalo v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "297 P., 1081", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "594d6fe6c0bd08b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 5476, "end": 5482, "quote": "supra;", "context": "asualty Co. of America, 162 Wash., 77, 297 P., 1081; Nochon v. Preferred Acc. Ins. Co. of New York, supra; Buffalo v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co., 84 F. (2d), 833. Other cases have been cited and ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47dab98a6a9257d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_135/0225_01/index.html", "start": 5712, "end": 5718, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ut of harmony with the decisions above cited.\nIn the case of Coleman v. New Amsterdam Casualty Co., supra, the executive officer of the insured corporation refused to make a statement except upon the condit", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "251bbe8680624500", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_164/0234_01/index.html", "start": 625, "end": 642, "quote": "161 Ohio St., 571", "context": "th respect to” her daughter was, to use the words of paragraph one of the syllabus in In re Tilton, 161 Ohio St., 571, 120 N. E. (2d), 445, “such as to amount to abandonment of the child.” See also Paddock v. Ripley, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "161 Ohio St., 571", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d64f90096fa1ffe3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_164/0234_01/index.html", "start": 742, "end": 759, "quote": "149 Ohio St., 539", "context": ", 120 N. E. (2d), 445, “such as to amount to abandonment of the child.” See also Paddock v. Ripley, 149 Ohio St., 539, 542, 80 N. E. (2d), 129.\nAlthough there is some evidence that on occasions plaintiff did not give ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "149 Ohio St., 539", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "be4107a9ae07cc7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_164/0234_01/index.html", "start": 1849, "end": 1865, "quote": "32 Ohio St., 299", "context": "ntiff had delayed doing anything about it in order to keep peace in the family. Cf. Clark v. Boyer, 32 Ohio St., 299, 30 Am. Rep., 593.\nThe order of the Common Pleas Court specifically states that “there was no showi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 Ohio St., 299", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f061c9dcaa30d9a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_164/0234_01/index.html", "start": 1867, "end": 1883, "quote": "30 Am. Rep., 593", "context": "doing anything about it in order to keep peace in the family. Cf. Clark v. Boyer, 32 Ohio St., 299, 30 Am. Rep., 593.\nThe order of the Common Pleas Court specifically states that “there was no showing of the * * * mo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "30 Am. Rep., 593", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94b1db634145e7b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_164/0234_01/index.html", "start": 2593, "end": 2608, "quote": "Section 3109.04", "context": "er’s unfitness. In our opinion, a negative answer to this question is required by the provisions of Section 3109.04, Bevised Code, which read:\n“Upon hearing the testimony of either or both parents, corroborated by o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "365ea2c71064fd82", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_164/0234_01/index.html", "start": 5409, "end": 5423, "quote": "278 Mass., 547", "context": " [will] cause pain and sorrow” to the child as well as to her grandmother. See Richards v. Forrest, 278 Mass., 547, 555, 180 N. E., 508. However, as hereinbefore pointed out, the specific finding of the court as to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "278 Mass., 547", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "67499eb4c9643757", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_164/0234_01/index.html", "start": 5430, "end": 5444, "quote": "180 N. E., 508", "context": "d sorrow” to the child as well as to her grandmother. See Richards v. Forrest, 278 Mass., 547, 555, 180 N. E., 508. However, as hereinbefore pointed out, the specific finding of the court as to plaintiff’s fitness ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "180 N.E., 508", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dab48671497f559d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_164/0234_01/index.html", "start": 6369, "end": 6384, "quote": "Section 3109.04", "context": " in a case of this kind will not be more than temporary in extent.\nAppellee further has argued that Section 3109.04, Revised Code, is limited in its application to contests for custody of a child arising at the time", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6e5e747fb37c63bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 1039, "end": 1049, "quote": "Section 73", "context": "t is necessary to examine the applicable provisions of the charter and the relevant state statutes.\nSection 73 of the charter relates to the filling of vacancies in the office of mayor and reads in part as foll", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "031acb602e3f7c38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 1891, "end": 1901, "quote": "section 73", "context": " vacancy occurred more than one year prior to a regular municipal election, under the provisions of section 73, special municipal elections are mandatory. The question raised relates to the method of selection ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "911cdd2f422d82b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 2036, "end": 2046, "quote": "Section 73", "context": "andatory. The question raised relates to the method of selection of the candidates for such office.\nSection 73 .requires that “all the provisions in this charter contained as to nomination and election of candi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d1f19b26323d3ce1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 2965, "end": 2975, "quote": "section 73", "context": "es a partisan primary election.\nIt is argued that “the nonpartisan primary election” referred to in section 73 requires the primary election to be nonpartisan. At the time section 73 became part of the charter,", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "153430d26414823c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 3037, "end": 3047, "quote": "section 73", "context": "ry election” referred to in section 73 requires the primary election to be nonpartisan. At the time section 73 became part of the charter, all municipal officials were selected on the basis of a nonpartisan pri", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b822705db9f3b187", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 3175, "end": 3185, "quote": "section 73", "context": " all municipal officials were selected on the basis of a nonpartisan primary ' election. Therefore, section 73 when written was geared to a nonpartisan primary election under the old charter provisions. However", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8228e44803b6151", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 3287, "end": 3296, "quote": "section 4", "context": "hen written was geared to a nonpartisan primary election under the old charter provisions. However, section 4 has been amended and now requires that candidates for mayor be selected at a partisan primary elect", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3813bdbe7e9b9afb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 3458, "end": 3468, "quote": "section 73", "context": "e selected at a partisan primary election.\nThus we are confronted with the situation that, although section 73 as originally enacted, consistent with the other provisions of the charter, provided for a nonparti", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5d18160a837fdd93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 3590, "end": 3599, "quote": "section 4", "context": ", consistent with the other provisions of the charter, provided for a nonpartisan primary election, section 4, which is incorporated by reference in section 73, provides that candidates for the office of mayor", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d44041e8901a290", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 3639, "end": 3649, "quote": "section 73", "context": "rter, provided for a nonpartisan primary election, section 4, which is incorporated by reference in section 73, provides that candidates for the office of mayor shall be selected on a partisan basis, creating a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2380c611538cf8e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 3772, "end": 3782, "quote": "section 73", "context": "tes for the office of mayor shall be selected on a partisan basis, creating an inconsistency within section 73 itself.\nWhere the general provisions of law are incorporated by reference into a special section, t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81858545d3de8282", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 4246, "end": 4263, "quote": "136 Ohio St., 148", "context": " provisions of the general law. State, ex rel. Timken Roller Bearing Co., v. Industrial Commission, 136 Ohio St., 148, 154.\nUnder this reasoning, section 4 as it now stands governs the nature of the primary election t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 Ohio St., 148", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "531dfa70728be3a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/ohio-st/volume_174/0001_01/index.html", "start": 4292, "end": 4301, "quote": "section 4", "context": " Timken Roller Bearing Co., v. Industrial Commission, 136 Ohio St., 148, 154.\nUnder this reasoning, section 4 as it now stands governs the nature of the primary election to be held, and, therefore, the primary", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f824e9505b5458cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_136/0011_01/index.html", "start": 421, "end": 432, "quote": "93 Fla. 611", "context": "not being “wholly” in their favor they have a right to seek appellate review. See Lovett v. Lovett, 93 Fla. 611, 112 So. 768; Zigler v. Erler Corporation, 102 Fla. 981, 136 So. 718; 2 Fla.Jur., Appeals, § 10.\nTh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 Fla. 611", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_93/0611_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00f309c269f1f791", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_136/0011_01/index.html", "start": 434, "end": 445, "quote": "112 So. 768", "context": "olly” in their favor they have a right to seek appellate review. See Lovett v. Lovett, 93 Fla. 611, 112 So. 768; Zigler v. Erler Corporation, 102 Fla. 981, 136 So. 718; 2 Fla.Jur., Appeals, § 10.\nThe appellants,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 So. 768", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4a8d48be12b8ad8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_136/0011_01/index.html", "start": 476, "end": 488, "quote": "102 Fla. 981", "context": "seek appellate review. See Lovett v. Lovett, 93 Fla. 611, 112 So. 768; Zigler v. Erler Corporation, 102 Fla. 981, 136 So. 718; 2 Fla.Jur., Appeals, § 10.\nThe appellants, in seeking reversal, urge error in three p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 Fla. 981", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_102/0981_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "63802dc87b266a48", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_136/0011_01/index.html", "start": 490, "end": 501, "quote": "136 So. 718", "context": " review. See Lovett v. Lovett, 93 Fla. 611, 112 So. 768; Zigler v. Erler Corporation, 102 Fla. 981, 136 So. 718; 2 Fla.Jur., Appeals, § 10.\nThe appellants, in seeking reversal, urge error in three particulars: (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "136 So. 718", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_102/0981_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d15e19478ee8ba41", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_136/0011_01/index.html", "start": 524, "end": 529, "quote": "§ 10.", "context": "Fla. 611, 112 So. 768; Zigler v. Erler Corporation, 102 Fla. 981, 136 So. 718; 2 Fla.Jur., Appeals, § 10.\nThe appellants, in seeking reversal, urge error in three particulars: (1) failure of the trial judg", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2a08c0af12462eca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_136/0011_01/index.html", "start": 1570, "end": 1583, "quote": "103 So.2d 241", "context": "ss did not meet the test of “reasonable medical certainty”. See Westbrook v. Bacskai, Fla.App.1958, 103 So.2d 241. The exclusion of this evidence on the point of permanent disability did not prevent the question o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "103 So. 2d 241", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_103/0241_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "66f48fd5f4fc8640", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_136/0011_01/index.html", "start": 2588, "end": 2601, "quote": "133 So.2d 124", "context": "the injury. The appellants rely heavily on the recent case, of Schoeppl v. Okolowitz, Fla.App.1961, 133 So.2d 124. The opinion in the cited case has been reviewed, and we do not find that it extends the principles", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "133 So. 2d 124", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_133/0124_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5741fdd7d778c5d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_210/0721_01/index.html", "start": 76, "end": 88, "quote": "198 So.2d 10", "context": "\nPER CURIAM.\nAffirmed on the authority of City of Miami v. Horne, Fla.1967, 198 So.2d 10.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "198 So. 2d 10", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_198/0010_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "50ec7eecb8d8132b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_227/0502_01/index.html", "start": 3103, "end": 3116, "quote": "137 So.2d 828", "context": "guidelines established by Cramp v. Board of Public Instruction of Orange County, Florida, Fla.1962, 137 So.2d 828, the entire provision pertaining to spacing limitations must fall.\nThe constitutionality of the ord", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 So. 2d 828", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_137/0828_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e23e4699cacf5317", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_227/0502_01/index.html", "start": 4535, "end": 4548, "quote": "Section 59.34", "context": "d confusion as to the effect such judgment might have as precedent, we exercise our authority under Section 59.34, F.S.1967, F.S.A., to vacate that portion of the judgment which concludes that a portion of the app", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "36857b7f382a7f72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_227/0502_01/index.html", "start": 5107, "end": 5120, "quote": "188 So.2d 859", "context": "rmed.\nModified, and affirmed.\nCROSS, C. J., and WALDEN, J., concur.\n. Croft v. Young, Fla.App.1966, 188 So.2d 859.\n. Acme Moving & Storage Co. of Jacksonville v. Mason, Fla.1964, 167 So.2d 555; 6 Fla.Jur., Const.L", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "188 So. 2d 859", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_188/0859_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "85ae369079630ddd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_227/0502_01/index.html", "start": 5186, "end": 5199, "quote": "167 So.2d 555", "context": "Young, Fla.App.1966, 188 So.2d 859.\n. Acme Moving & Storage Co. of Jacksonville v. Mason, Fla.1964, 167 So.2d 555; 6 Fla.Jur., Const.Law, § 60.\n. Snedeker v. Vernmar, Ltd., Fla.1968, 151 So.2d 439.\n. See Henderson", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "167 So. 2d 555", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_167/0555_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "21d033671735a7dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_227/0502_01/index.html", "start": 5224, "end": 5229, "quote": "§ 60.", "context": "Acme Moving & Storage Co. of Jacksonville v. Mason, Fla.1964, 167 So.2d 555; 6 Fla.Jur., Const.Law, § 60.\n. Snedeker v. Vernmar, Ltd., Fla.1968, 151 So.2d 439.\n. See Henderson v. Antonacci, Fla.1952. 62 So", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89f6d4c4bdce832b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_227/0502_01/index.html", "start": 5269, "end": 5282, "quote": "151 So.2d 439", "context": "Mason, Fla.1964, 167 So.2d 555; 6 Fla.Jur., Const.Law, § 60.\n. Snedeker v. Vernmar, Ltd., Fla.1968, 151 So.2d 439.\n. See Henderson v. Antonacci, Fla.1952. 62 So.2d 5.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "151 So. 2d 439", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_151/0439_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d8b39a648d41e1cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_227/0502_01/index.html", "start": 5324, "end": 5334, "quote": "62 So.2d 5", "context": "§ 60.\n. Snedeker v. Vernmar, Ltd., Fla.1968, 151 So.2d 439.\n. See Henderson v. Antonacci, Fla.1952. 62 So.2d 5.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "62 So. 2d 5", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_62/0005_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f4c0afe97ec1d09c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 2095, "end": 2108, "quote": "228 So.2d 132", "context": "rst, there is a presumption that officials properly perform their required duties. Purdy v. Mulkey, 228 So.2d 132 (Fla.3d DCA 1969); Jones v. State, 296 So.2d 519 (Fla.3d DCA 1974). The search warrants Judge Weave", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "228 So. 2d 132", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_228/0132_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "010e41b70052e87a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 2144, "end": 2157, "quote": "296 So.2d 519", "context": "ly perform their required duties. Purdy v. Mulkey, 228 So.2d 132 (Fla.3d DCA 1969); Jones v. State, 296 So.2d 519 (Fla.3d DCA 1974). The search warrants Judge Weaver signed clearly state that he found probable cau", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "296 So. 2d 519", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_296/0519_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e5cf7ee144ffeb65", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 2805, "end": 2818, "quote": "112 So.2d 864", "context": "uctions capable therefrom in a light most favorable to sustain these conclusions. Cameron v. State, 112 So.2d 864 (Fla. 1st DCA 1959); Rodriguez v. State, 189 So.2d 656 (Fla.3d DCA 1966); Wigfall v. State, 323 So.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 So. 2d 864", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_112/0864_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c8701ee91801848a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 2860, "end": 2873, "quote": "189 So.2d 656", "context": "sustain these conclusions. Cameron v. State, 112 So.2d 864 (Fla. 1st DCA 1959); Rodriguez v. State, 189 So.2d 656 (Fla.3d DCA 1966); Wigfall v. State, 323 So.2d 587 (Fla.3d DCA 1975). Guided by this principle of l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "189 So. 2d 656", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_189/0656_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6c7dcabd36b01fd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 2911, "end": 2924, "quote": "323 So.2d 587", "context": ".2d 864 (Fla. 1st DCA 1959); Rodriguez v. State, 189 So.2d 656 (Fla.3d DCA 1966); Wigfall v. State, 323 So.2d 587 (Fla.3d DCA 1975). Guided by this principle of law, we find no error on the part of the trial judge", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "323 So. 2d 587", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_323/0587_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f86604645117a5f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 3428, "end": 3441, "quote": "143 So.2d 700", "context": "n of the City of Miami. Therefore, the search «warrants would not be invalid. Cf. Collins v. State, 143 So.2d 700 (Fla.2d DCA 1962).\nDefendants next urge as reversible error the assessing of costs against them bas", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "143 So. 2d 700", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_143/0700_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa6c0f6196d43648", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 3896, "end": 3910, "quote": "Section 948.03", "context": "ed to this arrangement, defendants will not be permitted to renege on their agreement.\nIn addition, Section 948.03, Florida Statutes is sufficiently broad to allow for the imposition of intermittent imprisonment an", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "670bf24ee7302389", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 4077, "end": 4089, "quote": "237 So.2d 69", "context": "n of intermittent imprisonment and payment of a fine as conditions of probation. State v. Williams, 237 So.2d 69 (Fla.2d DCA 1970); Brown v. State, 302 So.2d 430 (Fla. 4th DCA 1974); Gryca v. State, 315 So.2d 221", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "237 So. 2d 69", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_237/0069_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a594349020db2bdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 4125, "end": 4138, "quote": "302 So.2d 430", "context": "fine as conditions of probation. State v. Williams, 237 So.2d 69 (Fla.2d DCA 1970); Brown v. State, 302 So.2d 430 (Fla. 4th DCA 1974); Gryca v. State, 315 So.2d 221 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975). We find the assessment agai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "302 So. 2d 430", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_302/0430_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f112d6ca7f90a541", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 4176, "end": 4189, "quote": "315 So.2d 221", "context": " 237 So.2d 69 (Fla.2d DCA 1970); Brown v. State, 302 So.2d 430 (Fla. 4th DCA 1974); Gryca v. State, 315 So.2d 221 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975). We find the assessment against the defendants of their prorata share of the in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "315 So. 2d 221", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_315/0221_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "182ea1adb8753d60", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 4423, "end": 4436, "quote": "supra, at 223", "context": "lly permissible and enforceable in that defendants do not argue that they are insolvent. See Gryca, supra, at 223. Thus, this contention of defendants must fail.\nDefendants third and final point that their sentenc", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "315 So. 2d 221", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_315/0221_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e9572423e5fce5ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_337/1007_01/index.html", "start": 4681, "end": 4698, "quote": "Section 948.01(4)", "context": "the prerogative of the probation board to decrease the two year incarceration is without merit. See Section 948.01(4), Florida Statutes.\nJudgments and sentences affirmed.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5a432133f5c35b62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_353/0591_01/index.html", "start": 1649, "end": 1664, "quote": "Section 316.248", "context": "ing equipment which shall reveal persons and vehicles at a distance of at least three hundred feet. Section 316.248, Florida Statutes (1975). The appellants contend the charge on that subject should have been the st", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b0f717a2d0da909", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_353/0591_01/index.html", "start": 1905, "end": 1920, "quote": "Section 316.249", "context": "les”; that their lighting equipment be such as to reveal persons and vehicles at a lesser distance. Section 316.249, Florida Statutes (1975).\nAlthough in the latter statutory section it is provided that such a cycle", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e1142a8a5326cb64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_365/0205_01/index.html", "start": 2258, "end": 2271, "quote": "349 So.2d 761", "context": "se that the money would be returned sometime in the future but is never returned. Stanton v. State, 349 So.2d 761 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977); O’Brien v. State, 327 So.2d 237 (Fla. 1st DCA 1976); Winnemore v. State, 150 So", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "349 So. 2d 761", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_349/0761_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "62ef9548dbf7e9e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_365/0205_01/index.html", "start": 2310, "end": 2323, "quote": "327 So.2d 237", "context": "future but is never returned. Stanton v. State, 349 So.2d 761 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977); O’Brien v. State, 327 So.2d 237 (Fla. 1st DCA 1976); Winnemore v. State, 150 So.2d 277 (Fla. 2d DCA 1963); Nunamaker v. State, 116 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "327 So. 2d 237", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_327/0237_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e5d130503b4df5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_365/0205_01/index.html", "start": 2365, "end": 2378, "quote": "150 So.2d 277", "context": "2d 761 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977); O’Brien v. State, 327 So.2d 237 (Fla. 1st DCA 1976); Winnemore v. State, 150 So.2d 277 (Fla. 2d DCA 1963); Nunamaker v. State, 116 So.2d 450 (Fla. 2d DCA 1959). It is undisputed that Gra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "150 So. 2d 277", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_150/0277_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "686d0092a9069ac9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_365/0205_01/index.html", "start": 2419, "end": 2432, "quote": "116 So.2d 450", "context": " 237 (Fla. 1st DCA 1976); Winnemore v. State, 150 So.2d 277 (Fla. 2d DCA 1963); Nunamaker v. State, 116 So.2d 450 (Fla. 2d DCA 1959). It is undisputed that Gray never returned the money as promised. In addition, t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 So. 2d 450", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_116/0450_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e28abbb2b029638", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_365/0420_01/index.html", "start": 4362, "end": 4373, "quote": "126 F.2d 26", "context": "t third parties, or where there is an intervening estate. See Goldberg v. Tri-States Theatre Corp., 126 F.2d 26 (8th Cir.1942); Mobley v. Harkins, 14 Wash.2d 276, 128 P.2d 289 (1942). See also 28 Am.Jur.2d, Esta", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 F.2d 26", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e74a1bf1ff897a3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_365/0420_01/index.html", "start": 4409, "end": 4423, "quote": "14 Wash.2d 276", "context": "ng estate. See Goldberg v. Tri-States Theatre Corp., 126 F.2d 26 (8th Cir.1942); Mobley v. Harkins, 14 Wash.2d 276, 128 P.2d 289 (1942). See also 28 Am.Jur.2d, Estates, § 381-82 and cases cited therein; 31 C.J.S. E", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 Wash. 2d 276", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3a9e3a33758ee873", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_365/0420_01/index.html", "start": 4425, "end": 4437, "quote": "128 P.2d 289", "context": "oldberg v. Tri-States Theatre Corp., 126 F.2d 26 (8th Cir.1942); Mobley v. Harkins, 14 Wash.2d 276, 128 P.2d 289 (1942). See also 28 Am.Jur.2d, Estates, § 381-82 and cases cited therein; 31 C.J.S. Estates § 124 a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "128 P.2d 289", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c7c96663ed09539c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_365/0420_01/index.html", "start": 4478, "end": 4486, "quote": "§ 381-82", "context": " Cir.1942); Mobley v. Harkins, 14 Wash.2d 276, 128 P.2d 289 (1942). See also 28 Am.Jur.2d, Estates, § 381-82 and cases cited therein; 31 C.J.S. Estates § 124 and cases cited therein; and Annotation, Merger of", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ef640a99ea1b81f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_365/0420_01/index.html", "start": 4530, "end": 4535, "quote": "§ 124", "context": ".2d 289 (1942). See also 28 Am.Jur.2d, Estates, § 381-82 and cases cited therein; 31 C.J.S. Estates § 124 and cases cited therein; and Annotation, Merger of Estate for Years in Fee or Lesser Estate, 143 A.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8621a1d3b529e9ea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_365/0420_01/index.html", "start": 4629, "end": 4642, "quote": "143 A.L.R. 99", "context": " § 124 and cases cited therein; and Annotation, Merger of Estate for Years in Fee or Lesser Estate, 143 A.L.R. 99, 103 (1943).\nWe do not hold that there are no equities which would permit the chancellor, upon a tr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "143 A.L.R. 99", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39ef6295f5098698", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_377/dcccxcii_01/index.html", "start": 3781, "end": 3795, "quote": "Section 443.06", "context": " and reread this communication and cannot find that its contents rise to the level of “misconduct.”\nSection 443.06, Florida Statutes (1977) prescribes that benefits may be denied if an employee is discharged for mi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2cd5aac701faf985", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_377/dcccxcii_01/index.html", "start": 3943, "end": 3963, "quote": "Section 443.06(9)(a)", "context": "ts may be denied if an employee is discharged for misconduct connected with his employment. In turn Section 443.06(9)(a), Florida Statutes (1977) tracks the Supreme Court definition set forth in Spaulding v. Florida Indu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a6f30e329779dff1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_377/dcccxcii_01/index.html", "start": 4082, "end": 4095, "quote": "154 So.2d 334", "context": "(1977) tracks the Supreme Court definition set forth in Spaulding v. Florida Industrial Commission, 154 So.2d 334 (Fla.App.1963) and defines misconduct as:\nConduct evincing such willful or wanton disregard of an e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "154 So. 2d 334", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_154/0334_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f09c2418e13ed35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 94, "end": 108, "quote": "Section 944.43", "context": "\nSHIVERS, Judge.\nRogers appeals his conviction for possession of a weapon by a prison inmate. Section 944.43, Fla.Stat. (1979). Among other points, appellant asserts as error the trial court’s taking judicial", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0a9b87a6719bb62a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 355, "end": 369, "quote": "Section 944.43", "context": "affirm defendant’s conviction on all points but this one point appears to merit further discussion.\nSection 944.43 proscribes possession of weapons by inmates contrary to any rule or regulation of Department of Cor", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ac724600870143a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 734, "end": 749, "quote": "Section 944.43.", "context": " been filed on December 31, 1980) charging him with the unlawful possession of a weapon contrary to Section 944.43. The information recited verbatim the text of the relevant rule forbidding possession of weapon by a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "53f8f118b5c54834", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 1236, "end": 1253, "quote": "Section 90.202(9)", "context": "he State to publish the rule by reciting it to the jury. The jury then convicted Rogers as charged.\nSection 90.202(9), Fla.Stat. (1979) provides that a court may take judicial notice of rules promulgated ■ by governme", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10ccab0d245e2cd0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 1437, "end": 1451, "quote": "Section 90.203", "context": "ed ■ by governmental agencies of this state which are published in the Florida Administrative Code.\nSection 90.203 provides that a court shall take judicial notice of any matter in Section 90.202 when a party reque", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96d86607c129786b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 1518, "end": 1532, "quote": "Section 90.202", "context": "ministrative Code.\nSection 90.203 provides that a court shall take judicial notice of any matter in Section 90.202 when a party requests it and\n(1) Gives each adverse party timely written notice of the request, pro", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "35e782bfd185a345", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 1852, "end": 1864, "quote": "392 So.2d 18", "context": " with sufficient information to enable it to take judicial notice of the matter.\nIn Jones v. State, 392 So.2d 18 (Fla. 1st DCA 1980), we considered a similar violation of the same statute and rule. There we appro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "392 So. 2d 18", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_392/0018_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3455d1d8e4b0f708", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 2209, "end": 2226, "quote": "Section 90.202(9)", "context": "ed that in light of the way the issue was presented that we were not ruling on the applicability of Section 90.202(9), Fla.Stat. (1979).\nIn Wyatt v. State, 270 So.2d 47 (Fla. 4th DCA 1972), the Court cited the Supreme", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "72f3d355a124f981", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 2265, "end": 2277, "quote": "270 So.2d 47", "context": " we were not ruling on the applicability of Section 90.202(9), Fla.Stat. (1979).\nIn Wyatt v. State, 270 So.2d 47 (Fla. 4th DCA 1972), the Court cited the Supreme Court case of Amos v. Mosley, 74 Fla. 555, 77 So. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "270 So. 2d 47", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_270/0047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5736f51fa949fa77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 2357, "end": 2368, "quote": "74 Fla. 555", "context": " State, 270 So.2d 47 (Fla. 4th DCA 1972), the Court cited the Supreme Court case of Amos v. Mosley, 74 Fla. 555, 77 So. 619 (1917) for the principle that judicial notice takes the place of proof and is a superio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 Fla. 555", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_74/0555_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fcf9c8ec50d5bccd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_413/1270_01/index.html", "start": 2370, "end": 2380, "quote": "77 So. 619", "context": "o.2d 47 (Fla. 4th DCA 1972), the Court cited the Supreme Court case of Amos v. Mosley, 74 Fla. 555, 77 So. 619 (1917) for the principle that judicial notice takes the place of proof and is a superior means of e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 So. 619", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d302b2db25198a77", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_460/0382_01/index.html", "start": 1193, "end": 1206, "quote": "422 So.2d 884", "context": "n proving that Article XI is unconscionable and unenforceable as outlined in Steinhardt v. Rudolph, 422 So.2d 884 (Fla. 3d DCA 1982). The recording of the Declaration gave each potential lot purchaser at least con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "422 So. 2d 884", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_422/0884_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0b02f8faf3922b17", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_460/0382_01/index.html", "start": 2061, "end": 2075, "quote": "397 So.2d 1058", "context": "ncement of a cross-appeal does not apply. Webb General Contracting, Inc. v. PDM Hydrostorage, Inc., 397 So.2d 1058 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981). Therefore, this court lacks jurisdiction to entertain the developer’s appeal. H", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "397 So. 2d 1058", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_397/1058_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "11365001d741041c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_460/0382_01/index.html", "start": 2191, "end": 2204, "quote": "409 So.2d 524", "context": "81). Therefore, this court lacks jurisdiction to entertain the developer’s appeal. Hawks v. Walker, 409 So.2d 524 (Fla. 5th DCA 1982). The developer’s appeal is dismissed.\nAffirmed; cross-appeal dismissed.\nDANAHY ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "409 So. 2d 524", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_409/0524_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e78deb5a492aa8bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_463/0592_02/index.html", "start": 82, "end": 96, "quote": "352 So.2d 1172", "context": "\nPER CURIAM.\nAffirmed on the authority of Reid v. State Farm Fire & Casualty Co., 352 So.2d 1172 (Fla.1977).\nDOWNEY, HURLEY and WALDEN, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "352 So. 2d 1172", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_352/1172_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f5f77da0d25951c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 801, "end": 818, "quote": "section 120.57(1)", "context": "thy’s counsel objected and requested a formal hearing under the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), section 120.57(1), Florida Statutes (1981). An administrative hearing was conducted under the APA. The hearing office", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bef870180732af25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 2011, "end": 2025, "quote": "section 120.54", "context": "d that the Fire Marshal’s letter was not developed under rulemaking procedures required by the APA, section 120.54, Florida Statutes (1981), he concluded that McCarthy did not contest this issue. Rather, the office", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2229a5aa0e129a08", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 2388, "end": 2405, "quote": "section 120.68(2)", "context": "l order and voided McCarthy’s certification. McCarthy filed this appeal. We have jurisdiction under section 120.68(2), Florida Statutes (1981).\nMcCarthy contends that he was validly certified in 1981 under the then ex", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6da359cd053e311", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 2934, "end": 2950, "quote": "section 120.-54.", "context": "argues that this letter, while purporting to be a rule, was invalid, since it was not adopted under section 120.-54.\nContrary to the hearing officer’s determination, the record reveals McCarthy contested the validity", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a545d018617bda5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 3329, "end": 3351, "quote": "section 633.-081(2)(a)", "context": "morandum and a motion for rehearing.\nAt the time McCarthy passed his examination and was certified, section 633.-081(2)(a), Florida Statutes (1981), stated:\nEvery firesafety inspection required by law or by regulation of t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b569ae516d5c173e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 4118, "end": 4130, "quote": "§ 120.52(14)", "context": "gency statement of general applicability that implements, interprets, or prescribes law or policy_” § 120.52(14), Fla.Stat. (1981). Here, the Fire Marshal purported to implement section 633.-081(2)(a) by his lett", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9bf78902301651bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 4196, "end": 4218, "quote": "section 633.-081(2)(a)", "context": "ribes law or policy_” § 120.52(14), Fla.Stat. (1981). Here, the Fire Marshal purported to implement section 633.-081(2)(a) by his letter of October 16, 1981, prescribing policy. His method of implementation did not comply ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fb3d044ce6498232", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 4440, "end": 4451, "quote": "§ 120.54(1)", "context": "king procedures, nor was it adopted under the APA's emergency procedures for rule promulgation. See § 120.54(1)-(9). In fact, the Department did not adopt Florida Administrative Code Rule 4A-39, which sets forth", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a4583fb65afbb74e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 4648, "end": 4660, "quote": "§ 633.081(2)", "context": "rth the specific criteria for certification of fire safety inspectors, until November 21, 1983. See § 633.081(2), Fla.Stat. (1981). Nothing in Rule 4A-39 purports to give it retroactive effect; therefore, it cann", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fd6ab53255361781", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 4845, "end": 4859, "quote": "459 So.2d 1170", "context": "refore, it cannot be applied retroactively to McCarthy. See Potter v. Department of Administration, 459 So.2d 1170 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984).\nThe Department counters McCarthy’s argument by defending the imposition of its ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "459 So. 2d 1170", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_459/1170_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "76258014e2ef45fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 5263, "end": 5276, "quote": "346 So.2d 569", "context": "of incipient agency policy.\nThe Department relies on McDonald v. Department of Banking and Finance, 346 So.2d 569 (Fla. 1st DCA 1977), for the proposition that rulemaking procedures need not be employed in stateme", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "346 So. 2d 569", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_346/0569_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0ac132c5960a45da", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 5933, "end": 5948, "quote": "Section 120.54.", "context": "elopment of policy by forbidding all utterance of it except within the strict rulemaking process of Section 120.54.” Id., 346 So.2d at 580. It further said that “rulemaking procedures are imposed only on policy stat", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "683d2d57f34cbb70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 5950, "end": 5954, "quote": "Id.,", "context": "y by forbidding all utterance of it except within the strict rulemaking process of Section 120.54.” Id., 346 So.2d at 580. It further said that “rulemaking procedures are imposed only on policy statements", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "346 So. 2d 569", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_346/0569_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6edec380545fcd23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 5955, "end": 5971, "quote": "346 So.2d at 580", "context": "forbidding all utterance of it except within the strict rulemaking process of Section 120.54.” Id., 346 So.2d at 580. It further said that “rulemaking procedures are imposed only on policy statements of general appli", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "346 So. 2d 569", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_346/0569_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "68d4d33369f703fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 6248, "end": 6252, "quote": "Id.,", "context": "eate rights, or to require compliance, or otherwise to have a direct and consistent effect of law.” Id., 346 So.2d at 581.\nHere, unlike the policy statement in McDonald, the October 16 letter sets out cat", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "346 So. 2d 569", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_346/0569_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f431cc781ad85efc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 6253, "end": 6269, "quote": "346 So.2d at 581", "context": "rights, or to require compliance, or otherwise to have a direct and consistent effect of law.” Id., 346 So.2d at 581.\nHere, unlike the policy statement in McDonald, the October 16 letter sets out categoric requiremen", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "346 So. 2d 569", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_346/0569_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e09a32c4079765b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 6628, "end": 6641, "quote": "356 So.2d 323", "context": "t adopted by the proper rulemaking process, it was invalid. Department of Administration v. Harvey, 356 So.2d 323 (Fla. 1st DCA 1977). The Department cannot avoid the rulemaking requirements of section 633.081(2) ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "356 So. 2d 323", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_356/0323_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eef4801ade874569", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_479/0135_01/index.html", "start": 6722, "end": 6740, "quote": "section 633.081(2)", "context": "rvey, 356 So.2d 323 (Fla. 1st DCA 1977). The Department cannot avoid the rulemaking requirements of section 633.081(2) by merely adopting non-rule policies.\nFinally, we have not overlooked the Department’s argument tha", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "29c72918171aed9e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 908, "end": 926, "quote": "section 627.727(1)", "context": "overage options and failed to provide the insured the means to request such coverage as required by section 627.727(1), Florida Statutes (1983). The ultimate issue in the case is whether, as the insurer contended, the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80d698cdfaab5c6d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 1768, "end": 1780, "quote": "294 So.2d 63", "context": "s followed in the particular instance at issue. Expressly relying upon Bernstein v. Liberty Mutual, 294 So.2d 63 (Fla. 3d DCA 1974), the trial judge held the insurer could not prove its insured received the requi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "294 So. 2d 63", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_294/0063_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "00109e5693cdb05e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 2139, "end": 2151, "quote": "99 So.2d 272", "context": "was followed in this particular instance.\nBernstein relied on Jarrard v. Associates Discount Corp., 99 So.2d 272 (Fla. 1957). However, Brown v. Giffen Industries, Inc., 281 So.2d 897 (Fla.1973) held that mail pro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 So. 2d 272", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_99/0272_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d5495dd0b9bdc0e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 2208, "end": 2221, "quote": "281 So.2d 897", "context": " v. Associates Discount Corp., 99 So.2d 272 (Fla. 1957). However, Brown v. Giffen Industries, Inc., 281 So.2d 897 (Fla.1973) held that mail properly addressed, stamped, and mailed is presumed to have been received", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "281 So. 2d 897", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_281/0897_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2c6b9e341b336ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 2684, "end": 2698, "quote": "section 90.406", "context": " requirement of separate evidence that customary practice was followed in a specific case. See also section 90.406, Florida Statutes, which provides that evidence of a routine practice of an organization, with corr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2c9081a56c09075c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 3537, "end": 3550, "quote": "472 So.2d 807", "context": " regular course of business practice together with Form 1258. See Allstate Insurance Co. v. Eckert, 472 So.2d 807 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985).\nThe next question is whether the insured presented sufficient evidence that he", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "472 So. 2d 807", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_472/0807_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8b93f368598ae55b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 4945, "end": 4963, "quote": "section 627.727(1)", "context": "t the presumption of receipt of Form 1258.\nWe also find that this insurer’s Form 1258 complies with section 627.727(1), Florida Statutes, notwithstanding that the notice of UM coverage options was not on the same piece", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a6069c9225cf69fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 5182, "end": 5195, "quote": "506 So.2d 410", "context": "tice of premium (renewal notice). See Marchesano v. Nationwide Property and Casualty Insurance Co., 506 So.2d 410 (Fla.1987). Further, as was the case in State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. v. Hamilton, 501", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "506 So. 2d 410", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_506/0410_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54edf7b86a92ed13", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 5292, "end": 5305, "quote": "501 So.2d 104", "context": "410 (Fla.1987). Further, as was the case in State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. v. Hamilton, 501 So.2d 104 (Fla. 3d DCA), rev. denied, 508 So.2d 14 (Fla.1987), the UM coverage option notice (Form 1258) suff", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "501 So. 2d 104", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_501/0104_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cfccfa4e64bb1327", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 5334, "end": 5346, "quote": "508 So.2d 14", "context": "n State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. v. Hamilton, 501 So.2d 104 (Fla. 3d DCA), rev. denied, 508 So.2d 14 (Fla.1987), the UM coverage option notice (Form 1258) sufficiently provided for a means to allow th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "508 So. 2d 14", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "04a6a5c489c83404", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 5571, "end": 5584, "quote": "472 So.2d 807", "context": "coverage.\nIn summary, this case is very much like the case of Allstate Insurance Company v. Eckert, 472 So.2d 807 (Fla. 4th DCA 1985). Here, as in that case, we reverse the judgment and remand with directions to e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "472 So. 2d 807", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_472/0807_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f09cf3d03835edd4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 5903, "end": 5917, "quote": "414 So.2d 1169", "context": "D and REMANDED.\nUPCHURCH, C.J., and ORFINGER, J., concur.\n. National Mutual Insurance Co. v. Jones, 414 So.2d 1169, 1171 n. 2 (Fla. 5th DCA 1982).\n. Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co. v. Alvarez, 443 So.2d 279 (Fla. 3d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "414 So. 2d 1169", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_414/1169_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0f6afb5cec9e0443", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_518/1339_01/index.html", "start": 5995, "end": 6008, "quote": "443 So.2d 279", "context": " Jones, 414 So.2d 1169, 1171 n. 2 (Fla. 5th DCA 1982).\n. Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co. v. Alvarez, 443 So.2d 279 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983).\n. Additionally, we hold that the communication from the insurer’s claim represe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "443 So. 2d 279", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_443/0279_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f6fe0eeab4dab95e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_557/0943_01/index.html", "start": 1736, "end": 1747, "quote": "§ 948.06(1)", "context": "st advise the probationer of the charges, and then if admitted, the court may revoke the probation. § 948.06(1), Fla.Stat. (1987). A probation revocation hearing does not have to meet the strict requirements of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3105e71bbdacc7fd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_557/0943_01/index.html", "start": 2038, "end": 2051, "quote": "284 So.2d 236", "context": "presented, and the probationer has an opportunity to present his position. See Washington v. State, 284 So.2d 236 (Fla. 2d DCA 1973); McNeely v. State, 186 So.2d 520 (Fla. 2d DCA 1966). In this case, the appellant", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "284 So. 2d 236", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_284/0236_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ac26875511a0dd87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_557/0943_01/index.html", "start": 2090, "end": 2103, "quote": "186 So.2d 520", "context": " present his position. See Washington v. State, 284 So.2d 236 (Fla. 2d DCA 1973); McNeely v. State, 186 So.2d 520 (Fla. 2d DCA 1966). In this case, the appellant was represented by counsel, who admitted the charge", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "186 So. 2d 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_186/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "809b8368355fc0ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_557/0943_01/index.html", "start": 2565, "end": 2578, "quote": "391 So.2d 323", "context": "dmitted violating condition three of his probation. Washington; McNeely. See also Leonard v. State, 391 So.2d 323 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980).\nWe agree, however, with the appellant’s contention that the court erred by not ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "391 So. 2d 323", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_391/0323_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "732c0db453a16314", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_557/0943_01/index.html", "start": 3124, "end": 3136, "quote": "506 So.2d 88", "context": "st enter a formal order setting forth the conditions that it finds were violated. Cornett v. State, 506 So.2d 88 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987). See also Smith v. State, 492 So.2d 1099 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986). We, accordingly, r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "506 So. 2d 88", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_506/0088_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f4246d199ffe8d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_557/0943_01/index.html", "start": 3182, "end": 3196, "quote": "492 So.2d 1099", "context": "it finds were violated. Cornett v. State, 506 So.2d 88 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987). See also Smith v. State, 492 So.2d 1099 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986). We, accordingly, remand with directions to enter proper probation violation or", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "492 So. 2d 1099", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_492/1099_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad305f568c8cff83", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_648/0764_02/index.html", "start": 3542, "end": 3556, "quote": "599 So.2d 1002", "context": "the trial court abused its discretion in awarding rehabilitative alimony. See McCauley v. McCauley, 599 So.2d 1002 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992). We do, however, determine that the award is inadequate in duration and that the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "599 So. 2d 1002", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_599/1002_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "46e62da0faac5db7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_648/0764_02/index.html", "start": 4352, "end": 4365, "quote": "632 So.2d 130", "context": "thout determining the amount of such fees are not ripe for appellate review. See Winkelman v. Toll, 632 So.2d 130 (Fla. 4th DCA1994). We therefore dismiss the cross-appeal.\nAffirmed in part, reversed in part, and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "632 So. 2d 130", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_632/0130_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "029e6c957451e62d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_661/0408_02/index.html", "start": 1552, "end": 1565, "quote": "619 So.2d 392", "context": "his cause) are available to adequately address the misconduct. Cf. Carr v. Dean Steel Bldgs., Inc., 619 So.2d 392, 394 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993) (dismissal a drastic remedy which should be used only in extreme situation", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "619 So. 2d 392", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_619/0392_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "175197856c9a9713", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_661/0408_02/index.html", "start": 1736, "end": 1749, "quote": "495 So.2d 921", "context": "sed only in extreme situations and upon a express written finding of willfulness); Epps v. Hartley, 495 So.2d 921, 922 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986) (power to dismiss a complaint is not unbridled). Appellees nevertheless ur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "495 So. 2d 921", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_495/0921_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "326cb4377c822a70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_661/0408_02/index.html", "start": 2030, "end": 2043, "quote": "613 So.2d 515", "context": "ause. In support of his argument, appellee cites this court’s decisions of Rodriguez-Diaz v. Abate, 613 So.2d 515 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993) and Shotkin v. Cohen, 163 So.2d 330 (Fla. 3d DCA 1964). In both of these decisio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "613 So. 2d 515", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_613/0515_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "185f9c5de42f5d8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_661/0408_02/index.html", "start": 2085, "end": 2098, "quote": "163 So.2d 330", "context": "ourt’s decisions of Rodriguez-Diaz v. Abate, 613 So.2d 515 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993) and Shotkin v. Cohen, 163 So.2d 330 (Fla. 3d DCA 1964). In both of these decisions, however, we note that a pro se litigant was enjoine", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "163 So. 2d 330", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_163/0330_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a070eb52f443c68d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 1380, "end": 1393, "quote": "280 So.2d 431", "context": "everse and remand.\nThe theory of comparative negligence was adopted in Florida in Hoffman v. Jones, 280 So.2d 431 (Fla.1973). Under this doctrine, if both the plaintiff and defendant are at fault, the plaintiff ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "280 So. 2d 431", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_280/0431_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a9048c0c7a1dde8e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 1694, "end": 1697, "quote": "Id.", "context": "y the defendant’s negligence. The plaintiffs recovery is reduced by his or her percentage of fault. Id.\nIn 1986, the Legislature codified the doctrine of comparative negligence. Section 768.81, Florida S", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "280 So. 2d 431", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_280/0431_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "338de6a885de7766", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 1772, "end": 1786, "quote": "Section 768.81", "context": " percentage of fault. Id.\nIn 1986, the Legislature codified the doctrine of comparative negligence. Section 768.81, Florida Statutes (1993), provides in relevant part:\n(1) Definition.—As used in this section, “econ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "53930f86bde0991e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 3160, "end": 3174, "quote": "section 768.81", "context": "\n(emphasis added).\nIn refusing to reduce the economic damages award, the trial court misinterpreted section 768.81 and the supreme court’s holding in Fabre v. Marin, 623 So.2d 1182 (Fla.1993), receded from in part ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3e4089af5f72f912", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 3226, "end": 3240, "quote": "623 So.2d 1182", "context": "d, the trial court misinterpreted section 768.81 and the supreme court’s holding in Fabre v. Marin, 623 So.2d 1182 (Fla.1993), receded from in part on other grounds, Wells v. Tallahassee Memorial Re gional Medical ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "623 So. 2d 1182", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_623/1182_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "244ee4e6551b02e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 3354, "end": 3367, "quote": "659 So.2d 249", "context": "eceded from in part on other grounds, Wells v. Tallahassee Memorial Re gional Medical Center, Inc., 659 So.2d 249 (Fla.1995). It concluded that the doctrine of comparative negligence did not apply to economic dama", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "659 So. 2d 249", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_659/0249_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a0b45ecda75b1c0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 3568, "end": 3582, "quote": "section 768.81", "context": "es where the defendants’ negligence exceeded the negligence attributable to the plaintiffs.\nNeither section 768.81 nor Fabre, however, supports the result in this case. Reading all subsections of section 768.81 in ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6fbda02e210081fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 3664, "end": 3678, "quote": "section 768.81", "context": "her section 768.81 nor Fabre, however, supports the result in this case. Reading all subsections of section 768.81 in pari materia, the doctrine of comparative negligence must be applied to reduce both economic and", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "572a7a4381ca7dc2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 3872, "end": 3883, "quote": "§ 768.81(2)", "context": "ic and noneconomic damages by the percentage of fault which can be attributed to the plaintiff. See § 768.81(2), Fla. Stat. (1993). As to the reduced damages, where there are two or more defendants, each defenda", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0321253ec8d63203", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 4199, "end": 4210, "quote": "§ 768.81(3)", "context": "sed only if each defendant’s comparative fault exceeds the fault attributable to the plaintiff. See § 768.81(3), Fla. Stat. (1993). Applying section 768.81 to the case at bar, the entire damages award, including", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d20bd2eec82a4353", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 4240, "end": 4254, "quote": "section 768.81", "context": "fault exceeds the fault attributable to the plaintiff. See § 768.81(3), Fla. Stat. (1993). Applying section 768.81 to the case at bar, the entire damages award, including economic and non-economic damages, should h", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4f25698728a55fc8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_682/1147_01/index.html", "start": 4904, "end": 4921, "quote": "section 768.81(2)", "context": "hether or not each responsible entity was party to the litigation. Consistent with this holding and section 768.81(2), the Kerna-ghans must also bear their percentage of fault and thus, both economic and non-economic ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "65c746048b973dbc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_738/0424_01/index.html", "start": 526, "end": 543, "quote": "section 57.105(2)", "context": " he had signed the contract only as the guardian. He claims he is entitled to attorney’s fees under section 57.105(2), Florida Statutes (1995) which makes a one-sided provision for prevailing party attorney’s fees in ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc4c5b85330be8b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_738/0424_01/index.html", "start": 752, "end": 766, "quote": "546 So.2d 1047", "context": "t reciprocal.\nWe agree that the trial court correctly refused to award fees. Katz v. Van Der Noord, 546 So.2d 1047 (Fla.1989), on which appellant relies, is distinguishable. In Katz our supreme court held:\n[W]hen p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "546 So. 2d 1047", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_546/1047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa9f591a9d82719d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_738/0424_01/index.html", "start": 1417, "end": 1428, "quote": "Id. at 1049", "context": "o its rescission from recovering the very attorney’s fees which were contemplated by that contract.\nId. at 1049 (emphasis added).\nThe present case is distinguishable from Katz in that in the present case no cont", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "546 So. 2d 1047", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_546/1047_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "55d502514b5889c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_738/0424_01/index.html", "start": 1650, "end": 1664, "quote": "657 So.2d 1248", "context": "een these parties. This court recognized that distinction in Florida Medical Center, Inc. v. McCoy, 657 So.2d 1248 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995).\nWe do agree with the appellant that the trial court erred in dismissing his co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "657 So. 2d 1248", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_657/1248_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4c27d0051ec484e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_738/0424_01/index.html", "start": 2612, "end": 2623, "quote": "§ 95.031(2)", "context": "the time the fraud is discovered or should have been discovered with the exercise of due diligence. § 95.031(2), Fla. Stat.\nWe therefore affirm the denial of attorney’s fees, but reverse the dismissal based on t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "13380ae71a9ceaaf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 2604, "end": 2619, "quote": "section 542.335", "context": "orida, and because Sears and Orkin were direct competitors, Florida law would control, specifically section 542.335, Florida Statutes (1997), which provides, in substance, that restrictive covenants seeking to restr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "26409e52ae33db00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 2882, "end": 2894, "quote": "§ 542.335(1)", "context": "y protect a legitimate business interest and are reasonable in time, area and line of business. See § 542.335(1).\nAfter notice and the taking of extensive testimony, the trial court held that Georgia law would ap", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c7ca63af28de7d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 3352, "end": 3365, "quote": "622 So.2d 541", "context": "rned by such law as long as it is not against the public policy of the forum state. Baker v. Baker, 622 So.2d 541 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993); Punzi v. Shaker Advertising Agency, Inc., 601 So.2d 599 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992).\nA ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "622 So. 2d 541", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_622/0541_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d47e2945b81f431b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 3429, "end": 3442, "quote": "601 So.2d 599", "context": "state. Baker v. Baker, 622 So.2d 541 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993); Punzi v. Shaker Advertising Agency, Inc., 601 So.2d 599 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992).\nA trial court’s ruling on whether to enter a temporary injunction is subject to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "601 So. 2d 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_601/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9b07d7bd68bec739", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 3593, "end": 3606, "quote": "649 So.2d 336", "context": "her to enter a temporary injunction is subject to abuse of discretion review. See Wise v. Schmidek, 649 So.2d 336, 337 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995). As the Fourth District has stated:\nA trial court’s ruling on a temporary i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "649 So. 2d 336", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_649/0336_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f0aaa3aa5d8f8d45", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 4338, "end": 4351, "quote": "668 So.2d 326", "context": "strating that the trial court’s ruling was clearly improper.\nGold Coast Chemical Corp. v. Goldberg, 668 So.2d 326, 327 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996).\nA party seeking the entry of a preliminary injunction must demonstrate:\n1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "668 So. 2d 326", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_668/0326_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec4a8e21b8d7f7c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 4678, "end": 4691, "quote": "704 So.2d 206", "context": "edy at law; and\n4. Consideration of the public interest.\nSee City of Oviedo v. Alafaya Util., Inc., 704 So.2d 206 (Fla. 5th DCA 1998); Miami-Dade County v. Church & Tower, Inc., 715 So.2d 1084, 1087 (Fla. 3d DCA 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "704 So. 2d 206", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_704/0206_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2425855a5b45321b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 4756, "end": 4770, "quote": "715 So.2d 1084", "context": " Alafaya Util., Inc., 704 So.2d 206 (Fla. 5th DCA 1998); Miami-Dade County v. Church & Tower, Inc., 715 So.2d 1084, 1087 (Fla. 3d DCA 1998); St. Lucie County v. St. Lucie Village, 603 So.2d 1289, 1292 (Fla. 4th DCA", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 So. 2d 1084", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_715/1084_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f327e6edeac675a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 4836, "end": 4850, "quote": "603 So.2d 1289", "context": "urch & Tower, Inc., 715 So.2d 1084, 1087 (Fla. 3d DCA 1998); St. Lucie County v. St. Lucie Village, 603 So.2d 1289, 1292 (Fla. 4th DCA), review denied, 613 So.2d 12 (Fla.1992).\nThe question then is whether this res", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "603 So. 2d 1289", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_603/1289_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f13da673a8e4837c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 4888, "end": 4900, "quote": "613 So.2d 12", "context": "A 1998); St. Lucie County v. St. Lucie Village, 603 So.2d 1289, 1292 (Fla. 4th DCA), review denied, 613 So.2d 12 (Fla.1992).\nThe question then is whether this restrictive covenant is enforceable under Georgia law", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "613 So. 2d 12", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1d3474980e5ab578", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 5528, "end": 5539, "quote": "251 Ga. 536", "context": " employer sought to be protected and the effect on the employee. Orkin Exterminating Co. v. Walker, 251 Ga. 536, 307 S.E.2d 914 (1983).\nIn denying the temporary injunction, the trial judge noted that “... the Ag", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "251 Ga. 536", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88a0a962e57583d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 5541, "end": 5555, "quote": "307 S.E.2d 914", "context": "ght to be protected and the effect on the employee. Orkin Exterminating Co. v. Walker, 251 Ga. 536, 307 S.E.2d 914 (1983).\nIn denying the temporary injunction, the trial judge noted that “... the Agreement involved", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "307 S.E.2d 914", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "08a4891cdcf9ba81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 6484, "end": 6498, "quote": "223 Ga.App. 76", "context": "e conclusions.\nThe holding by the Georgia Court of Appeals in the case of Delli-Gatti v. Mansfield, 223 Ga.App. 76, 477 S.E.2d 134 (1996) is informative here:\nIn Puritan/Churchill, etc., Co. v. Eubank, 245 Ga. 334,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "223 Ga. App. 76", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "852df10258514495", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 6500, "end": 6514, "quote": "477 S.E.2d 134", "context": "he holding by the Georgia Court of Appeals in the case of Delli-Gatti v. Mansfield, 223 Ga.App. 76, 477 S.E.2d 134 (1996) is informative here:\nIn Puritan/Churchill, etc., Co. v. Eubank, 245 Ga. 334, 335, 265 S.E.2d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "477 S.E.2d 134", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b656b814567dfbc6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 6586, "end": 6597, "quote": "245 Ga. 334", "context": "3 Ga.App. 76, 477 S.E.2d 134 (1996) is informative here:\nIn Puritan/Churchill, etc., Co. v. Eubank, 245 Ga. 334, 335, 265 S.E.2d 16, it was held that “language which restricts employees from activities in a much", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "245 Ga. 334", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "553babfd259c59c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 6604, "end": 6617, "quote": "265 S.E.2d 16", "context": "S.E.2d 134 (1996) is informative here:\nIn Puritan/Churchill, etc., Co. v. Eubank, 245 Ga. 334, 335, 265 S.E.2d 16, it was held that “language which restricts employees from activities in a much more limited fashio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "265 S.E.2d 16", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d5243aaaf65dc8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 6895, "end": 6906, "quote": "239 Ga. 181", "context": "reasonableness test so as to uphold the covenant.” Accord Howard Schultz & Assoc., etc. v. Broniec, 239 Ga. 181, 184(2), 236 S.E.2d 265; Jarrett v. Hamilton, 179 Ga.App. 422, 424(1), 346 S.E.2d 875. “Since restr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "239 Ga. 181", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b0c9a27f625664f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 6916, "end": 6930, "quote": "236 S.E.2d 265", "context": "o as to uphold the covenant.” Accord Howard Schultz & Assoc., etc. v. Broniec, 239 Ga. 181, 184(2), 236 S.E.2d 265; Jarrett v. Hamilton, 179 Ga.App. 422, 424(1), 346 S.E.2d 875. “Since restrictive covenants must be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "236 S.E.2d 265", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "064bcdb046daf863", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 6953, "end": 6968, "quote": "179 Ga.App. 422", "context": "Howard Schultz & Assoc., etc. v. Broniec, 239 Ga. 181, 184(2), 236 S.E.2d 265; Jarrett v. Hamilton, 179 Ga.App. 422, 424(1), 346 S.E.2d 875. “Since restrictive covenants must be reasonable in this regard as well as ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "179 Ga. App. 422", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3e45f6c598099e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 6978, "end": 6992, "quote": "346 S.E.2d 875", "context": "etc. v. Broniec, 239 Ga. 181, 184(2), 236 S.E.2d 265; Jarrett v. Hamilton, 179 Ga.App. 422, 424(1), 346 S.E.2d 875. “Since restrictive covenants must be reasonable in this regard as well as strictly limited in time", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "346 S.E.2d 875", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6d4cc2e998cc41fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 7223, "end": 7229, "quote": "supra.", "context": "nant failing in reasonableness for any of these three reasons cannot be upheld.” Puritan/Churchill, supra. It has been broadly held that one of the adverse effects of contracts in unreasonable restraint of ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d12a6b25790a1c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 7599, "end": 7614, "quote": "218 Ga.App. 763", "context": "l to the community as well as themselves.’ ” (Citation omitted.) Vortex Protective Svc. v. Dempsey, 218 Ga.App. 763, 765(2), 463 S.E.2d 67.\nId. at 137.\nAFFIRMED.\nGRIFFIN and THOMPSON, JJ., concur.\n. The parties to t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "218 Ga. App. 763", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "80438eac7230e947", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 7624, "end": 7637, "quote": "463 S.E.2d 67", "context": "l as themselves.’ ” (Citation omitted.) Vortex Protective Svc. v. Dempsey, 218 Ga.App. 763, 765(2), 463 S.E.2d 67.\nId. at 137.\nAFFIRMED.\nGRIFFIN and THOMPSON, JJ., concur.\n. The parties to the agreement are Rollin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "463 S.E.2d 67", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aa6928c51aab2234", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 7639, "end": 7649, "quote": "Id. at 137", "context": ".’ ” (Citation omitted.) Vortex Protective Svc. v. Dempsey, 218 Ga.App. 763, 765(2), 463 S.E.2d 67.\nId. at 137.\nAFFIRMED.\nGRIFFIN and THOMPSON, JJ., concur.\n. The parties to the agreement are Rollins and Parker", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "463 S.E.2d 67", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe3bb49c94c4385f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_755/0839_01/index.html", "start": 7911, "end": 7926, "quote": "section 542.335", "context": "ferred to therein.\n. In this respect the common law rule in Georgia is not unlike the provisions of section 542.335, Florida Statutes (1997), which recognizes the validity of such restrictive covenants which protect", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fab831d49cedcb68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_828/1041_01/index.html", "start": 1200, "end": 1213, "quote": "759 So.2d 620", "context": "tencing guidelines scoresheet, which she claimed entitled her to resentencing under Heggs v. State, 759 So.2d 620 (Fla.2000) (sustaining a constitutional challenge to the 1995 sentencing guidelines, enacted by cha", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "759 So. 2d 620", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_759/0620_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8b0c6a3274bdaacc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_828/1041_01/index.html", "start": 2534, "end": 2548, "quote": "771 So.2d 1206", "context": "d not [have] pled to the score given her under the 1995 guidelines.” She cited Buckingham v. State, 771 So.2d 1206 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000), where the sentence was as a result of a negotiated plea to a bottom of the guid", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "771 So. 2d 1206", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_771/1206_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d68db09e4fa71080", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_828/1041_01/index.html", "start": 4101, "end": 4114, "quote": "760 So.2d 924", "context": "As alleged, appellant’s offense was committed within the window period announced in Trapp v. State, 760 So.2d 924 (Fla.2000) (holding that those persons with standing to challenge their sentences under Heggs were ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "760 So. 2d 924", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_760/0924_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4c8bd3592c6c1a38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_828/1041_01/index.html", "start": 4728, "end": 4742, "quote": "786 So.2d 1242", "context": "ly applied Buckingham in the context of a plea to the violation of probation. In Latalian v. State, 786 So.2d 1242 (Fla. 4th DCA 2001), which this court’s order to show cause directed the parties to address, the de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "786 So. 2d 1242", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_786/1242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d6c121b1c70914f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_828/1041_01/index.html", "start": 5075, "end": 5086, "quote": "Id. at 1243", "context": "th the court noting on the scoreshéet that the sentence was a “low end of the guidelines” sentence. Id. at 1243. Thereafter, he sought relief under Heggs, the new score-sheet showed a range of 31.3 to 52.2 month", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "786 So. 2d 1242", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_786/1242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4cdbd0c9a0edb384", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_828/1041_01/index.html", "start": 6328, "end": 6345, "quote": "786 So.2d at 1243", "context": " mistaken understanding that she was agreeing to a bottom of the guidelines sentence. See Latalian, 786 So.2d at 1243.\nAccordingly, we reverse and remand for an evidentiary hearing or further attachments refuting that", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "786 So. 2d 1242", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_786/1242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "593cec84f84401d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_828/1041_01/index.html", "start": 7114, "end": 7130, "quote": "759 So.2d at 627", "context": "no longer at issue.\n. For one thing, her current sentence is within the 1994 guidelines. See Heggs, 759 So.2d at 627 (\"if a person’s sentence imposed under the 1995 guidelines could have been imposed under the 1994 g", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "759 So. 2d 620", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_759/0620_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c23717180d50e81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_828/1041_01/index.html", "start": 7732, "end": 7746, "quote": "762 So.2d 1007", "context": "l not render the plea illegal unless the sentence exceeds the statutory maximum.” Dunenas v. Moore, 762 So.2d 1007, 1008 (Fla. 3d DCA 2000), review denied, 791 So.2d 1096 (Fla.2001).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "762 So. 2d 1007", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_762/1007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67463ba8731ab504", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_828/1041_01/index.html", "start": 7788, "end": 7802, "quote": "791 So.2d 1096", "context": "s the statutory maximum.” Dunenas v. Moore, 762 So.2d 1007, 1008 (Fla. 3d DCA 2000), review denied, 791 So.2d 1096 (Fla.2001).\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "791 So. 2d 1096", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "dd361d976aa015ff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_876/1253_01/index.html", "start": 41, "end": 54, "quote": "782 So.2d 468", "context": "\nPER CURIAM.\nAFFIRMED. See Ray v. State, 782 So.2d 468 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001), review denied, 819 So.2d 138 (Fla.2002).\nGRIFFIN, PALMER and MONACO, JJ., concu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "782 So. 2d 468", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_782/0468_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8579e7fb38185d1f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_876/1253_01/index.html", "start": 90, "end": 103, "quote": "819 So.2d 138", "context": "\nPER CURIAM.\nAFFIRMED. See Ray v. State, 782 So.2d 468 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001), review denied, 819 So.2d 138 (Fla.2002).\nGRIFFIN, PALMER and MONACO, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "819 So. 2d 138", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a948100554fbcb04", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_882/0512_01/index.html", "start": 424, "end": 436, "quote": "488 So.2d 62", "context": "le of Criminal Procedure 3.410, we analyze it under the harmless error standard. Williams v. State, 488 So.2d 62, 64 (Fla.1986); Key v. State, 760 So.2d 278, 278-79 (Fla. 4th DCA 2000). Using that standard, we af", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "488 So. 2d 62", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_488/0062_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "90b977cd5ec08b68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_882/0512_01/index.html", "start": 467, "end": 480, "quote": "760 So.2d 278", "context": "it under the harmless error standard. Williams v. State, 488 So.2d 62, 64 (Fla.1986); Key v. State, 760 So.2d 278, 278-79 (Fla. 4th DCA 2000). Using that standard, we affirm.\nWARNER, SHAHOOD and GROSS, JJ., concur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "760 So. 2d 278", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_760/0278_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "760901d729848607", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 2738, "end": 2750, "quote": "152 Fla. 154", "context": "n and report were authorized under the decisions of this court in In re Report of Grand Jury, 1943, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316; Owens v. State, Fla.1952, 59 So.2d 254; and Ryon v. Shaw, Fla.1955, 77 So.2d 455, an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "152 Fla. 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_152/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cb00519bfb1c5af5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 2752, "end": 2764, "quote": "11 So.2d 316", "context": "ere authorized under the decisions of this court in In re Report of Grand Jury, 1943, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316; Owens v. State, Fla.1952, 59 So.2d 254; and Ryon v. Shaw, Fla.1955, 77 So.2d 455, and declined to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 So. 2d 316", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "79b3bdaee82e598d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 2792, "end": 2804, "quote": "59 So.2d 254", "context": "is court in In re Report of Grand Jury, 1943, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316; Owens v. State, Fla.1952, 59 So.2d 254; and Ryon v. Shaw, Fla.1955, 77 So.2d 455, and declined to grant the State Attorney’s motion to sup", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 So. 2d 254", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d66585b0918d8e4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 2834, "end": 2846, "quote": "77 So.2d 455", "context": "43, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316; Owens v. State, Fla.1952, 59 So.2d 254; and Ryon v. Shaw, Fla.1955, 77 So.2d 455, and declined to grant the State Attorney’s motion to suppress the portion of the interim report in", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 So. 2d 455", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_77/0455_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c3b48fcad8e30f9f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 3529, "end": 3541, "quote": "93 So.2d 104", "context": "ated for oral argument with the appeal in the instant case. See State ex rel. Stephenson v. Wright, 93 So.2d 104.\nThe ultimate question here is whether a grand jury may investigate the official conduct of a judge", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 So. 2d 104", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0104_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06fa0180e5e05696", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 3856, "end": 3868, "quote": "191 Ind. 580", "context": "frankly slanderous as to the court appointees and contemptuous as to the judge; see Coons v. State, 191 Ind. 580, 134 N.E. 194, 20 A.L.R. 900, without at the samé time filing indictments against them. We have con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "191 Ind. 580", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c58cbbfdb24dd68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 3870, "end": 3882, "quote": "134 N.E. 194", "context": "rous as to the court appointees and contemptuous as to the judge; see Coons v. State, 191 Ind. 580, 134 N.E. 194, 20 A.L.R. 900, without at the samé time filing indictments against them. We have concluded that su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "134 N.E. 194", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9f2dc0398f74c126", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 3884, "end": 3897, "quote": "20 A.L.R. 900", "context": " court appointees and contemptuous as to the judge; see Coons v. State, 191 Ind. 580, 134 N.E. 194, 20 A.L.R. 900, without at the samé time filing indictments against them. We have concluded that such a report goe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "20 A.L.R. 900", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87acb396e7dec702", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 4458, "end": 4464, "quote": "supra,", "context": "resentment concerning theii physical, sanitary, and general condition.’ In re Report of Grand Jury, supra, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316, 318. They may make a “fair” report on their findings, even though the r", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b4b1f9b7059c6f7a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 4465, "end": 4477, "quote": "152 Fla. 154", "context": "ent concerning theii physical, sanitary, and general condition.’ In re Report of Grand Jury, supra, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316, 318. They may make a “fair” report on their findings, even though the report inciden", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "152 Fla. 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_152/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ed9559762440cde9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 4479, "end": 4491, "quote": "11 So.2d 316", "context": " theii physical, sanitary, and general condition.’ In re Report of Grand Jury, supra, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316, 318. They may make a “fair” report on their findings, even though the report incidentally reflects", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 So. 2d 316", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "75ade63aa5336f94", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 4773, "end": 4779, "quote": "supra,", "context": "sible for undesirable “physical, sanitary and general conditions” reported by them. Owens v. State, supra, 59 So.2d 254, 256; Ryon v. Shaw, supra, 77 So.2d 455.\nBut except for the decisions of a New York co", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7530d410d1c7d50c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 4780, "end": 4792, "quote": "59 So.2d 254", "context": "or undesirable “physical, sanitary and general conditions” reported by them. Owens v. State, supra, 59 So.2d 254, 256; Ryon v. Shaw, supra, 77 So.2d 455.\nBut except for the decisions of a New York court in Matter", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 So. 2d 254", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "925b3ec6176599a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 4813, "end": 4819, "quote": "supra,", "context": "y and general conditions” reported by them. Owens v. State, supra, 59 So.2d 254, 256; Ryon v. Shaw, supra, 77 So.2d 455.\nBut except for the decisions of a New York court in Matter of Jones, 101 App. Div. 55", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": "77 So. 2d 455", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_77/0455_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c153c9d972efeb40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 4820, "end": 4832, "quote": "77 So.2d 455", "context": "eneral conditions” reported by them. Owens v. State, supra, 59 So.2d 254, 256; Ryon v. Shaw, supra, 77 So.2d 455.\nBut except for the decisions of a New York court in Matter of Jones, 101 App. Div. 55, 609, 92 N.Y", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "77 So. 2d 455", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_77/0455_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4cb55157c86a7bf8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 4903, "end": 4919, "quote": "101 App. Div. 55", "context": " v. Shaw, supra, 77 So.2d 455.\nBut except for the decisions of a New York court in Matter of Jones, 101 App. Div. 55, 609, 92 N.Y.S. 275 (not followed in later New York decisions, see In re Wilcox, 153 Misc. 761, 276", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 A.D. 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ad/volume_101/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6d59968507956361", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 4926, "end": 4939, "quote": "92 N.Y.S. 275", "context": "2d 455.\nBut except for the decisions of a New York court in Matter of Jones, 101 App. Div. 55, 609, 92 N.Y.S. 275 (not followed in later New York decisions, see In re Wilcox, 153 Misc. 761, 276 N.Y.S. 117, 126), o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 N.Y.S. 275", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df0c3610b39ed038", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 5001, "end": 5014, "quote": "153 Misc. 761", "context": ", 101 App. Div. 55, 609, 92 N.Y.S. 275 (not followed in later New York decisions, see In re Wilcox, 153 Misc. 761, 276 N.Y.S. 117, 126), of the Supreme Court of New Jersey in In re Presentment by Camden County Gra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "153 Misc. 761", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec9b53f4cea594b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 5016, "end": 5030, "quote": "276 N.Y.S. 117", "context": " 55, 609, 92 N.Y.S. 275 (not followed in later New York decisions, see In re Wilcox, 153 Misc. 761, 276 N.Y.S. 117, 126), of the Supreme Court of New Jersey in In re Presentment by Camden County Grand Jury, 1952, 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "276 N.Y.S. 117", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f454ea0ad00a55c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 5129, "end": 5139, "quote": "10 N.J. 23", "context": "7, 126), of the Supreme Court of New Jersey in In re Presentment by Camden County Grand Jury, 1952, 10 N.J. 23, 89 A.2d 416, and of a District Court .of Appeal in California, Irwin v. Murphy, 129 Cal.App. 713, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "10 N.J. 23", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4681b8bb50f45aed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 5141, "end": 5152, "quote": "89 A.2d 416", "context": "the Supreme Court of New Jersey in In re Presentment by Camden County Grand Jury, 1952, 10 N.J. 23, 89 A.2d 416, and of a District Court .of Appeal in California, Irwin v. Murphy, 129 Cal.App. 713, 19 P.2d 292, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "89 A.2d 416", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3b5dfa1152f5314", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 5221, "end": 5237, "quote": "129 Cal.App. 713", "context": ", 1952, 10 N.J. 23, 89 A.2d 416, and of a District Court .of Appeal in California, Irwin v. Murphy, 129 Cal.App. 713, 19 P.2d 292, 293 (a libel suit, not a motion to expunge), no authority has been found for grand ju", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 Cal. App. 713", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../cal-app/volume_129/0713_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "259346df5933666f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 5239, "end": 5250, "quote": "19 P.2d 292", "context": ", 89 A.2d 416, and of a District Court .of Appeal in California, Irwin v. Murphy, 129 Cal.App. 713, 19 P.2d 292, 293 (a libel suit, not a motion to expunge), no authority has been found for grand juries to make ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 P.2d 292", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "17647330cf83bf95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 5834, "end": 5840, "quote": "supra;", "context": "onduct or maladministration amounts to a crime for which an indictment may be had. See In re Jones, supra; Appeal of Messano, 1954, 16 N.J. 142, 106 A.2d 537.\nThe parties here are not in agreement as to whe", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ea1678bfbc6d180", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 5866, "end": 5877, "quote": "16 N.J. 142", "context": "nts to a crime for which an indictment may be had. See In re Jones, supra; Appeal of Messano, 1954, 16 N.J. 142, 106 A.2d 537.\nThe parties here are not in agreement as to whether the report in question discloses", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 N.J. 142", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c270959ca76050b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 5879, "end": 5891, "quote": "106 A.2d 537", "context": "e for which an indictment may be had. See In re Jones, supra; Appeal of Messano, 1954, 16 N.J. 142, 106 A.2d 537.\nThe parties here are not in agreement as to whether the report in question discloses the commissio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 A.2d 537", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9081011967e4ab03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 7189, "end": 7202, "quote": "148 Misc. 330", "context": "st as fatal as if he had been charged with and convicted of a crime. As stated in People v. McCabe, 148 Misc. 330, 266 N.Y.S. 363, 367, a case frequently cited in denouncing grand jury reports such as that with wh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "148 Misc. 330", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "18ed3f4e558ad1a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 7204, "end": 7218, "quote": "266 N.Y.S. 363", "context": "if he had been charged with and convicted of a crime. As stated in People v. McCabe, 148 Misc. 330, 266 N.Y.S. 363, 367, a case frequently cited in denouncing grand jury reports such as that with which we are here ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "266 N.Y.S. 363", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b22dd9eb8bc390b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 7963, "end": 7975, "quote": "93 So.2d 104", "context": "led.”\nThe wisdom of the foregoing rule is demonstrated by the Grand Jury report in the Wright case, 93 So.2d 104. Wright was castigated, humiliated and embarrassed by a presentment just short of indictment, altho", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 So. 2d 104", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../0104_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0fc9a89e96139413", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 8487, "end": 8493, "quote": "supra,", "context": "guidance of the grand juries of this state, we repeat the admonition of In re Report of Grand Jury, supra, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316, 318, that a grand jury “will not be permitted to single out persons in ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "809cbfea8d893428", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 8494, "end": 8506, "quote": "152 Fla. 154", "context": "e of the grand juries of this state, we repeat the admonition of In re Report of Grand Jury, supra, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316, 318, that a grand jury “will not be permitted to single out persons in civil or offi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "152 Fla. 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_152/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0cb5c39b9576ac10", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 8508, "end": 8520, "quote": "11 So.2d 316", "context": " juries of this state, we repeat the admonition of In re Report of Grand Jury, supra, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316, 318, that a grand jury “will not be permitted to single out persons in civil or official position ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 So. 2d 316", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4fe97ea3e457d843", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 9253, "end": 9264, "quote": "221 Ark. 37", "context": "e court to have the objectionable matter expunged from the court records.” Ex parte Faulkner, 1952, 221 Ark. 37, 251 S.W.2d 822, 824, and cases cited. If in the course of their investigation of general public af", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "221 Ark. 37", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "67e0cc63fe52cffc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 9266, "end": 9280, "quote": "251 S.W.2d 822", "context": "ve the objectionable matter expunged from the court records.” Ex parte Faulkner, 1952, 221 Ark. 37, 251 S.W.2d 822, 824, and cases cited. If in the course of their investigation of general public affairs they find ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "251 S.W.2d 822", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9bef22495c1a7c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 9657, "end": 9669, "quote": "260 P.2d 521", "context": "cial or officials as responsible therefor. But, as stated in In re Report of Grand Jury, Utah 1953, 260 P.2d 521, 527, “While much good can result from a grand jury calling attention to conditions which they find", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "260 P.2d 521", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d6ab4461db7ae55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 10125, "end": 10131, "quote": "supra,", "context": "g of such a report.”\nWe have not overlooked the dictum in In re Report of Grand Jury (Graves case), supra, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316, 319, that “if the grand jury makes an investigation on its own initiati", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "99aa0844da42fe73", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 10132, "end": 10144, "quote": "152 Fla. 154", "context": "ch a report.”\nWe have not overlooked the dictum in In re Report of Grand Jury (Graves case), supra, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316, 319, that “if the grand jury makes an investigation on its own initiative and reache", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "152 Fla. 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_152/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8059a5eb93458667", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 10146, "end": 10158, "quote": "11 So.2d 316", "context": "We have not overlooked the dictum in In re Report of Grand Jury (Graves case), supra, 152 Fla. 154, 11 So.2d 316, 319, that “if the grand jury makes an investigation on its own initiative and reaches the conclusi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 So. 2d 316", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "677616cd695d0b1c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 10857, "end": 10863, "quote": "supra,", "context": "mending that he. be removed from office by th.e Governor. It is noteworthy that in the Graves case, supra, the Grand Jury was further investigating after indictment a constable, who is an executive officer ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fe1ec4ed946c2cb9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 11904, "end": 11920, "quote": "111 F. Supp. 858", "context": "n excess of its powers.” Application of United Electrical, Radio & Mach. Workers, D.C.S.D.N.Y.1953, 111 F. Supp. 858, 862.\nFrom what has been said, it is clear that the grand jury, by the report in question, exceeded", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 F. Supp. 858", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_111/0858_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c2f426777f27e328", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 12085, "end": 12091, "quote": "supra,", "context": "by the report in question, exceeded the permissible bounds set forth in In re Report of Grand Jury, supra, as quoted above, as to all principals, assuming arguendo that the court appointees were public offi", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c05ebfd2f92911a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 12536, "end": 12545, "quote": "93 Fla. 5", "context": "ed willfully and corruptly, it was its duty to return an indictment against him. See Ex parte Amos, 93 Fla. 5, 112 So. 289. If ho such criminal conduct was disclosed, it had no further jurisdiction in the matt", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "93 Fla. 5", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_93/0005_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c0369043190dc5b6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_93/0099_01/index.html", "start": 12547, "end": 12558, "quote": "112 So. 289", "context": "y and corruptly, it was its duty to return an indictment against him. See Ex parte Amos, 93 Fla. 5, 112 So. 289. If ho such criminal conduct was disclosed, it had no further jurisdiction in the matter.\nIn announ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 So. 289", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0c8269d5f39ff999", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_932/0493_01/index.html", "start": 681, "end": 694, "quote": "596 So.2d 438", "context": "uthorizing judge to proceed with trial if defendant voluntarily absents himself); Capuzzo v. State, 596 So.2d 438, 440 (Fla.1992) (applying rule 3.180(c) to defendant’s absence post-verdict and holding “defendants", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "596 So. 2d 438", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_596/0438_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "389e86edc6d3daaa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_932/0493_01/index.html", "start": 995, "end": 1008, "quote": "501 So.2d 154", "context": "allen bore the burden of presenting evidence that his absence was involuntary, see Godwin v. State, 501 So.2d 154, 155 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987), and counsel’s unsworn representations were not evidence, see Faircloth v.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "501 So. 2d 154", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_501/0154_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b5eeeff0c545892a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_932/0493_01/index.html", "start": 1116, "end": 1130, "quote": "917 So.2d 1005", "context": "la. 1st DCA 1987), and counsel’s unsworn representations were not evidence, see Faircloth v. Bliss, 917 So.2d 1005, 1006-07 (Fla. 4th DCA 2006), and Brown v. School Board of Palm Beach County, 855 So.2d 1267 (Fla. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "917 So. 2d 1005", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_917/1005_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "20b667f7d9d6e403", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_932/0493_01/index.html", "start": 1209, "end": 1223, "quote": "855 So.2d 1267", "context": "Bliss, 917 So.2d 1005, 1006-07 (Fla. 4th DCA 2006), and Brown v. School Board of Palm Beach County, 855 So.2d 1267 (Fla. 4th DCA 2003). We, therefore, affirm.\nSTEVENSON, C.J., SHAHOOD and MAY, JJ., concur.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "855 So. 2d 1267", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_855/1267_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "69bffa3d1d9265f5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_932/0582_01/index.html", "start": 295, "end": 309, "quote": "§ 893.13(6)(a)", "context": "er vehicle, we reverse.\nSosa was charged with committing the crime of possession of alprazolam. See § 893.13(6)(a), Fla. Stat. (2004). She filed a pretrial motion to suppress the contraband seized at the time of he", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90b5c61c13ab650c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_932/0582_01/index.html", "start": 4198, "end": 4210, "quote": "929 So.2d 13", "context": " while the trial court’s application of the law to those facts is reviewed de novo. Hicks v. State, 929 So.2d 13 (Fla. 2d DCA 2006).\nIn this case, the trial court correctly determined that Deputy Schmeltzer had a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "929 So. 2d 13", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_929/0013_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "29b9f1ed6a2d0beb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_932/0582_01/index.html", "start": 4432, "end": 4446, "quote": "920 So.2d 1156", "context": "osa’s car due to a partially obscured expiration date on the car’s license tag. See State v. Johns, 920 So.2d 1156 (Fla. 2d DCA 2006)(holding police deputy was initially justified in stopping defendant’s vehicle fo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "920 So. 2d 1156", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_920/1156_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "72dd8788076d8c39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_932/0582_01/index.html", "start": 5162, "end": 5176, "quote": "111 So.2d 1060", "context": ", a reasonable person would have believed that he or she was not free to leave. Summerall v. State, 111 So.2d 1060 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001). Once Deputy Schmeltzer told Sosa she was free to go, the detention was over. No", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 So. 2d 1060", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "911d5e45ca1c3ec2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_932/0582_01/index.html", "start": 6383, "end": 6396, "quote": "782 So.2d 971", "context": "sible for Deputy Schmeltzer to ask questions and request permission to search. See State v. Kindle, 782 So.2d 971 (Fla. 5th DCA 2001)(holding during a valid traffic stop, or even if a valid traffic stop has had it", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "782 So. 2d 971", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_782/0971_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67ae3e0b98f35b64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_933/1290_01/index.html", "start": 396, "end": 409, "quote": "707 So.2d 868", "context": "st, the previously entered judgment was merely voidable and not void. Schlesinger v. Chemical Bank, 707 So.2d 868 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998); Murphy v. State, 627 So.2d 51 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993); Barber v. MacKenzie, 562 So.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "707 So. 2d 868", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_707/0868_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5758d8f8f7fe2b1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_933/1290_01/index.html", "start": 448, "end": 460, "quote": "627 So.2d 51", "context": "ble and not void. Schlesinger v. Chemical Bank, 707 So.2d 868 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998); Murphy v. State, 627 So.2d 51 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993); Barber v. MacKenzie, 562 So.2d 755 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990). Appellants had to move f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "627 So. 2d 51", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_627/0051_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e646dd692458ccc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_933/1290_01/index.html", "start": 502, "end": 515, "quote": "562 So.2d 755", "context": ".2d 868 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998); Murphy v. State, 627 So.2d 51 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993); Barber v. MacKenzie, 562 So.2d 755 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990). Appellants had to move for reconsideration of the already entered final judgmen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "562 So. 2d 755", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_562/0755_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1dfa45e111f87765", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 195, "end": 208, "quote": "896 So.2d 773", "context": "n of the First District Court of Appeal in Echevarria, McCalla, Raymer, Barrett & Frappier v. Cole, 896 So.2d 773 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004), on the ground that it expressly and directly conflicts with a decision of the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "df04a9222faedb98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 378, "end": 391, "quote": "835 So.2d 273", "context": "flicts with a decision of the Third District Court of Appeal, Boca Investors Group, Inc. v. Potash, 835 So.2d 273 (Fla. 3d DCA 2002), on a question of law. We have jurisdiction. See art. V, § 3(b)(3), Fla. Const. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "835 So. 2d 273", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_835/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "baea6cdcd3520c27", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 468, "end": 477, "quote": "§ 3(b)(3)", "context": ". Potash, 835 So.2d 273 (Fla. 3d DCA 2002), on a question of law. We have jurisdiction. See art. V, § 3(b)(3), Fla. Const. We limit our review to the question of law upon which jurisdiction was granted, and ho", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9d2cd941e1d52e20", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 5004, "end": 5023, "quote": "896 So.2d at 774-75", "context": "their mortgage obligations did not ultimately result in a foreclosure judgment or sale.\nEchevarria, 896 So.2d at 774-75 (footnotes omitted). In appealing the trial court’s decision to the First District, Cole argued tha", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "45c98ca2f0a09b07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 5345, "end": 5358, "quote": "Id. at 775-76", "context": " failed to reinstate their mortgage, leading to a foreclosure judgment or sale of their properties. Id. at 775-76.\nCole asserted that an action under the Consumer Collection Practices Act does not depend on whethe", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c031fda353e1389e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 5563, "end": 5570, "quote": "the Act", "context": " underlying debt is valid, owed, paid, or reduced to judgment since the right to bring a suit under the Act arises from the debt collector’s conduct in collecting the debt and whether the conduct involves un", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0f4eee30de98f3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 5708, "end": 5718, "quote": "Id. at 776", "context": "uct in collecting the debt and whether the conduct involves unscrupulous debt collection practices. Id. at 776. The trial judge seemingly agreed with Cole that the class should include everyone who received a r", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "46b0cc997ba2caee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 6048, "end": 6051, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ted the mortgage and that the mere transmission of the letter impacted all class members similarly. Id. Nevertheless, despite its explicit finding that “the violation of the Consumer Collection Practices", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c56c7435e2f89a95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 6460, "end": 6463, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e whose failure to pay their mortgage obligations did not result in a foreclosure judgment or sale. Id.\nIn attempting to reconcile the discussions on the record from the trial court’s hearing with the tr", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa8242f004affbab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 6791, "end": 6794, "quote": "Id.", "context": "uded that the trial court’s inclusion of this qualifier in the class definition was a misstatement. Id. The First District further held that, if it was not a misstatement, the trial court’s decision to l", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0018150bc3de5569", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 7070, "end": 7073, "quote": "Id.", "context": "actices and the collection statutes because there was no legal justification for such a limitation. Id.\nEchevarria asserted that the trial court limited the class in an attempt to avoid the implications ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a76221f865dedfcd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 7282, "end": 7285, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ible litigation privilege bar to those claimants involved in judicial mortgage foreclosure actions. Id. The First District rejected that argument, finding that the litigation privilege did not apply to t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ac9d397306ff05a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 7464, "end": 7474, "quote": "Id. at 777", "context": "ge did not apply to the instant case because the suit was initiated as a statutory cause of action. Id. at 777. The court below reasoned that the litigation privilege has traditionally been reserved only for co", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1959358b8b205528", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 7633, "end": 7646, "quote": "Id. at 776-77", "context": "s traditionally been reserved only for common law tort actions such as libel, defamation and fraud. Id. at 776-77. Then, invoking a separation of powers analysis, the court stated that “a judicially created policy", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "15d0c467b5b26e34", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 7880, "end": 7890, "quote": "Id. at 777", "context": "e must not be used to limit the application of a legislatively created, statutory cause of action.” Id. at 777. Thus, the First District concluded that “the judicially created judicial immunity rule cannot be a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e94a6a44db27e962", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 8055, "end": 8058, "quote": "Id.", "context": " judicial immunity rule cannot be applied as a bar to the statutory causes of action in this case.” Id.\nLitigation Privilege\nEchevarria now appeals to this Court, citing conflict with the Third District’", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6ed55e0d18d5486d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 8496, "end": 8515, "quote": "885 So.2d at 274-75", "context": "the plaintiffs later moved to amend their original complaint to add a “statutory anti-trust claim.” 885 So.2d at 274-75. The trial court dismissed the case and denied the motion to amend, citing this Court’s decision in", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "225e3320a0841b50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 8711, "end": 8724, "quote": "689 So.2d 606", "context": "n in Levin, Mid-dlebrooks, Mabie, Thomas, Mayes Mitchell, P.A. v. United States Fire Insurance Co., 689 So.2d 606 (Fla.1994), for the proposition that absolute immunity is properly afforded to any act occurring du", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "689 So. 2d 606", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbdae8e86e017227", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 8882, "end": 8898, "quote": "835 So.2d at 274", "context": " properly afforded to any act occurring during the course of a judicial proceeding. Boca Investors, 835 So.2d at 274. The Third District subsequently upheld the trial court’s dismissal, including the rejection of the", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "835 So. 2d 273", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_835/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3136083b09d49504", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 9134, "end": 9147, "quote": "725 So.2d 450", "context": "ry] claim is also based on statements covered by the litigation privilege. See Burton [v. Salzberg, 725 So.2d 450, 451 (Fla. 3d DCA 1999) ].” Boca Investors, 835 So.2d at 275. Thus, in a case where a statutory ant", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "725 So. 2d 450", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_725/0450_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "97b89b59a3554f38", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 9192, "end": 9208, "quote": "835 So.2d at 275", "context": "ation privilege. See Burton [v. Salzberg, 725 So.2d 450, 451 (Fla. 3d DCA 1999) ].” Boca Investors, 835 So.2d at 275. Thus, in a case where a statutory antitrust claim was asserted, the Third District explicitly ackn", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "835 So. 2d 273", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_835/0273_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23dd14eb911df98f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 9680, "end": 9691, "quote": "53 Fla. 197", "context": "Boca Investors, we accepted jurisdiction and now resolve the conflict.\nAnalysis\nIn Myers v. Hodges, 53 Fla. 197, 44 So. 357 (1907), this Court recognized the principle of the litigation privilege in Florida, ess", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 Fla. 197", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_53/0197_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "741cf10054af90a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 9693, "end": 9703, "quote": "44 So. 357", "context": "s, we accepted jurisdiction and now resolve the conflict.\nAnalysis\nIn Myers v. Hodges, 53 Fla. 197, 44 So. 357 (1907), this Court recognized the principle of the litigation privilege in Florida, essentially pro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "44 So. 357", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "81e6b4a9724c1043", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 10102, "end": 10114, "quote": "Id. at 361-2", "context": "privilege, requiring that the alleged defamatory statements be relevant to the judicial proceeding. Id. at 361-2. Under our holding, once this threshold showing was met, the statements were entitled to immunity. ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "44 So. 357", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f68a63f76f242e79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 10214, "end": 10217, "quote": "Id.", "context": ". Under our holding, once this threshold showing was met, the statements were entitled to immunity. Id.\nWe most recently applied the litigation privilege in Levin. In that case, the Eleventh Circuit cert", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "44 So. 357", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "90276825c2bb82b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 10680, "end": 10696, "quote": "639 So.2d at 607", "context": " call that person as a witness, from a claim of tortious interference with a business relationship. 639 So.2d at 607. Answering in the affirmative, we extended the litigation privilege to all torts, finding that “abs", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "97782aa7b131c977", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 11043, "end": 11053, "quote": "Id. at 608", "context": "y statement or other tortious behavior ... so long as the act has some relation to the proceeding.” Id. at 608. We reasoned that the justification behind immunizing defamatory statements applies equally to “oth", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e49d9886f891f006", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 11222, "end": 11225, "quote": "Id.", "context": "tements applies equally to “other misconduct occurring during the course of a judicial proceeding.” Id. We concluded the opinion by noting that adequate remedies still exist for misconduct in a judicial ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cd1712ef606cc5a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 11468, "end": 11481, "quote": "Id. at 608-09", "context": "contempt power, as well as the disciplinary measures of the state court system and bar association. Id. at 608-09. Notably, our holding was without qualification as to the nature of the judicial proceedings, wheth", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "16159220b66013c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 11839, "end": 11855, "quote": "639 So.2d at 608", "context": "ts is equally applicable to other misconduct occurring during the course of a judicial proceeding.” 639 So.2d at 608 (emphasis supplied). Importantly, the policy reasons for adopting a rule of immunity for actions ta", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7a410689413d903f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 12813, "end": 12816, "quote": "Id.", "context": "awsuit without fear of having to defend their actions in a subsequent civil action for misconduct.” Id.\nWe see no reason why this rationale would be limited by whether the misconduct constitutes a common", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "507d6b466b8d3e2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 13287, "end": 13290, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ng the course of a judicial proceeding ... so long as the act has some relation to the proceeding.” Id.\nConclusion\nGiven the precedent established by Lev-in, we hold that the litigation privilege applies", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b124636bbcd48b0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 14570, "end": 14583, "quote": "715 So.2d 380", "context": "acy and tortious conduct in interfering with custody and visitation rights. See Van Horn v. McNabb, 715 So.2d 380, 381 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998) (\"It is clear, from the face of the complaint, that Van Horn enjoys absolu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 So. 2d 380", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_715/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c8a3dbb81590518", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 14819, "end": 14832, "quote": "652 So.2d 869", "context": "ion or other tortious act done in the course of the prior judicial proceeding.”); Rushing v. Bosse, 652 So.2d 869, 875-76 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995) (affirming a dismissal for a count of civil conspiracy, citing to Levin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "652 So. 2d 869", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_652/0869_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7486d5969a42fe52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 15856, "end": 15867, "quote": "98 Fla. 538", "context": "preliminary thereto.” Concurring in part, dissenting in part opinion at 385 (quoting Ange v. State, 98 Fla. 538, 123 So. 916, 917 (1929)). Although the First District stated that “Echevarria sent reinstatement l", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 Fla. 538", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_98/0538_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f769cdccddc4ca5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 15869, "end": 15880, "quote": "123 So. 916", "context": "hereto.” Concurring in part, dissenting in part opinion at 385 (quoting Ange v. State, 98 Fla. 538, 123 So. 916, 917 (1929)). Although the First District stated that “Echevarria sent reinstatement letters to the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 So. 916", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae2ae47f0c2d77d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 16096, "end": 16109, "quote": "896 So.2d 773", "context": "he outset of the foreclosure proceedings,” Echevarria, McCalla, Raymer, Barrett & Frappier v. Cole, 896 So.2d 773, 774 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004), the First District did not address whether the letters were, in fact, sen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae1eb789ae936aa5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 16440, "end": 16450, "quote": "id. at 777", "context": "ation privilege did not apply because the lawsuit was initiated as a statutory cause of action. See id. at 777. Now that this Court has held that the privilege is applicable in litigation based on both common l", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "15136392da265b70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 17179, "end": 17192, "quote": "896 So.2d 773", "context": "rst District Court of Appeal’s decision in Echevarria, McCalla, Raymer, Barrett & Frappier v. Cole, 896 So.2d 773 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004). However, the majority does not answer the more fundamental question of whether", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "73cb75dfd11435ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 17789, "end": 17800, "quote": "98 Fla. 538", "context": "icial resources to not answer this question while Echevarria is before the Court.\nIn Ange v. State, 98 Fla. 538,123 So. 916 (1929), the Court explained that the litigation privilege “extends to the protection of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 Fla. 538", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_98/0538_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9c518a9fef424b15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 17801, "end": 17812, "quote": "123 So. 916", "context": "ces to not answer this question while Echevarria is before the Court.\nIn Ange v. State, 98 Fla. 538,123 So. 916 (1929), the Court explained that the litigation privilege “extends to the protection of the judge, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "123 So. 916", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8d4cd15cccf56702", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 18115, "end": 18129, "quote": "123 So. at 917", "context": " by law in the due course of the judicial proceedings or as necessarily preliminary thereto.” Ange, 123 So. at 917. In Levin, Middle- brooks, Mabie, Thomas, Mayes & Mitchell, P.A., v. United States Fire Insurance C", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "123 So. 916", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e2ab4637c3a4ad7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 18233, "end": 18246, "quote": "639 So.2d 606", "context": " Levin, Middle- brooks, Mabie, Thomas, Mayes & Mitchell, P.A., v. United States Fire Insurance Co., 639 So.2d 606, 608 (Fla.1994), the Court reiterated that the litigation privilege “must be afforded to any act oc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "639 So. 2d 606", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_639/0606_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "48010a28d8d2435b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 19278, "end": 19292, "quote": "432 So.2d 1323", "context": "required by statute or by contract as a condition precedent to suit. Pledger v. Bumwp & Sims, Inc., 432 So.2d 1323, 1326 (Fla. 4th DCA 1983). More recently, this Court considered whether voluntary statements made p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "432 So. 2d 1323", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_432/1323_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "fe2f3bffdb1c2024", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 19500, "end": 19515, "quote": "598 So.2d at 66", "context": "the instigation of criminal charges should be protected by the litigation privilege. See Fridovich, 598 So.2d at 66. The Court held that while statements compelled by investigatory subpoena are absolutely privileged", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "243bfb5bc93df928", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 19789, "end": 19802, "quote": "598 So.2d at ", "context": "t also noted that voluntary statements to private individuals are not privileged at all. Fridovich, 598 So.2d at 69 & nn. 7-8.\nThe reinstatement letters at issue were not a statutory or contractual prerequisite to", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a7c16ac5d95ef0b1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 20053, "end": 20068, "quote": "section 766.106", "context": "ires a plaintiff to send notice before filing a complaint in certain types of actions. For example, section 766.106, Florida Statutes (2006), requires a medical malpractice claimant to notify each prospective defend", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21d9264c69ec6742", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 20744, "end": 20760, "quote": "896 So.2d at 774", "context": "foreclosure unless they reinstated the mortgages by bringing their payments up to date.\nEchevarria, 896 So.2d at 774. This statement should not be read to mean that the reinstatement letters were sent “in the due cou", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "896 So. 2d 773", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_896/0773_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e7b80bbca26e4f03", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 22601, "end": 22617, "quote": "689 So.2d at 608", "context": "lic interest to a free and full disclosure of facts in the conduct of judicial proceedings.” Levin, 689 So.2d at 608. The Court held that absolute immunity must be afforded to any act occurring during the course of a", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "689 So. 2d 606", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d7058aaf9df9815d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 23030, "end": 23033, "quote": "Id.", "context": "lawsuit without fear of having to defend their actions in a subsequent civil action for misconduct.\nId. The Court designed the privilege to ensure litigants’ freedom of advocacy without leaving victims o", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "689 So. 2d 606", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "50639ce1df9ff824", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 23441, "end": 23444, "quote": "Id.", "context": "he trial judge’s contempt power and the Court’s authority to discipline members of The Florida Bar. Id.\nBut when communications are separate from pending litigation and are not necessary in order to purs", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "689 So. 2d 606", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0bb829bf520f7801", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 24509, "end": 24522, "quote": "598 So.2d at ", "context": " to voluntary presuit statements made by private individuals to private individuals. See Fridovich, 598 So.2d at 69 n. 8. Thus, the litigation privilege does not bar a civil suit based on these letters, regardless", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8ca28ecec5da5deb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 24711, "end": 24723, "quote": "598 So.2d 65", "context": " regardless of whether that suit is statutory or common law in nature.\n. In Fridovich v. Fridovich, 598 So.2d 65, 69 (Fla. 1992), the Court receded in part from Ange, explaining:\nWe thus hold, as a majority of th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "598 So. 2d 65", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_598/0065_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2c09b7329efa6196", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 25135, "end": 25147, "quote": "75 So.2d 198", "context": "alifiedly privileged. We therefore recede from Ange and Robertson [v. Industrial Insurance Company, 75 So.2d 198 (Fla. 1954),] to the extent they are inconsistent with our ruling today.\n(Footnotes omitted.) Howev", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "75 So. 2d 198", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_75/0198_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "76a31a6b3c3e1bdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so2d/volume_950/0380_01/index.html", "start": 25421, "end": 25430, "quote": "Id. at 66", "context": "gation privilege arises upon the doing of any act necessarily preliminary to a judicial proceeding. Id. at 66.\n. Echevarria's letter to class representative Cole never uses the word \"foreclosure/' except that ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "144900206c3be56e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 525, "end": 533, "quote": "§ 39.810", "context": "6(l)(i), Florida Statutes (2014); termination is in the manifest best interest of the children, see § 39.810, Fla. Stat. (2014); and termination is- the least restrictive means of protecting the children from", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0577d0bbc7d5c81d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 682, "end": 694, "quote": "63 So.3d 920", "context": "t restrictive means of protecting the children from harm. See R.L. v. Dep’t of Children & Families, 63 So.3d 920, 921-22 (Fla. 5th DCA 2011) (holding that to terminate par rental rights, the. State must demonstra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "63 So. 3d 920", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_63/0920_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fcf5600858f3baf2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 1101, "end": 1114, "quote": "935 So.2d 621", "context": "t restrictive means of protecting the child from harm”); T.P. v. Dep’t of Children & Family Servs., 935 So.2d 621, 624 (Fla. 3d DCA 2006) (“The standard of review for challenges to the sufficiency of the evidence ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "935 So. 2d 621", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_935/0621_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "17dced63eb4cb613", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 1493, "end": 1504, "quote": "sections 39", "context": "ns competent, substantial evidence to support the termination of the Mother’s parental rights under sections 39:806(l)(e)(l) and 39.806(l)(i), either of which standing alone would be sufficient to terminate the ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba77c23917b5b6bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 1706, "end": 1726, "quote": "section 39.806(1)(Z)", "context": "ther’s parental rights, we address the Mother’s contention raised for the first time on appeal that section 39.806(1)(Z) is facially unconstitutional. A.J. v. K.A.O., 951 So.2d 30, 32 (Fla. 5th DCA 2007) (“[F]aeial const", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da41085c1f53760c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 1773, "end": 1785, "quote": "951 So.2d 30", "context": "or the first time on appeal that section 39.806(1)(Z) is facially unconstitutional. A.J. v. K.A.O., 951 So.2d 30, 32 (Fla. 5th DCA 2007) (“[F]aeial constitutional attacks and attacks involving fundamental liberty", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "951 So. 2d 30", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_951/0030_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b3b6c2d3a3eddd93", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 1968, "end": 1988, "quote": "Section 39.806(1)(Z)", "context": "ndamental liberty interest, such as parental rights, may be raised for the first time on appeal.”).\nSection 39.806(1)(Z) authorizes the filing of a petition for termination of parental rights when “[o]n three or more occ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7d50208ce0b4629", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 2336, "end": 2353, "quote": "section 39.806(1)", "context": " to the child’s out-of-home placement'were caused by the parent or parents.” The Mother argues that section 39.806(1)© is unconstitutional because it permits the termination of parental rights based on a standard of p", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c9ee7ecae082ee2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 2591, "end": 2603, "quote": "466 U.S. 745", "context": "incing evidence,” in violation of the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Santosky v. Kramer, 466 U.S. 745, 747-48, 102 S.Ct. 1388, 71 L.Ed.2d 599 (1982). In Santosky, the United States Supreme Court held t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "466 U.S. 745", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "34b2378800b3e8d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 2613, "end": 2627, "quote": "102 S.Ct. 1388", "context": "iolation of the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Santosky v. Kramer, 466 U.S. 745, 747-48, 102 S.Ct. 1388, 71 L.Ed.2d 599 (1982). In Santosky, the United States Supreme Court held that a New York statute w", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 S. Ct. 1388", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f85cda002bb916d8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 2629, "end": 2643, "quote": "71 L.Ed.2d 599", "context": "United States Supreme Court’s decision in Santosky v. Kramer, 466 U.S. 745, 747-48, 102 S.Ct. 1388, 71 L.Ed.2d 599 (1982). In Santosky, the United States Supreme Court held that a New York statute which prescribed ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 L. Ed. 2d 599", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c33c25c3142184a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 3702, "end": 3722, "quote": "section 39.806(l)(i)", "context": "evidence, not by a lesser standard. Nonetheless, we briefly address the facial constitutionality of section 39.806(l)(i). When a statute impinges on a fundamental liberty interest, such as parenting ones child, we must a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e1756007bc84a27e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 3943, "end": 3956, "quote": "880 So.2d 602", "context": "onality of the statute under a strict scrutiny standard. Fla. Dep’t of Children & Families v. F.L., 880 So.2d 602, 607 (Fla.2004). “To withstand strict scrutiny, a law must be necessary to promote a compelling gov", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "880 So. 2d 602", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_880/0602_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "db86d666de8c041c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 4147, "end": 4161, "quote": "907 So.2d 1101", "context": "lling governmental interest and must be narrowly tailored to advance that interest.” State v. J.P., 907 So.2d 1101, 1109 (Fla.2004).\nThe Mother does not dispute that the State of Florida has a compelling interest i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "907 So. 2d 1101", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_907/1101_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "864c157b748977db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 4470, "end": 4487, "quote": "section 39.806(1)", "context": "wly tailored to advance that interest through the least intrusive means. We disagree.\nIn addressing section 39.806(1)©, Chief Judge Hawkes recognized in K.J. ex rel. A.J. v. Department of Children & Families, 33 So.3d", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "21319a27bc998f98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 4579, "end": 4590, "quote": "33 So.3d 88", "context": "9.806(1)©, Chief Judge Hawkes recognized in K.J. ex rel. A.J. v. Department of Children & Families, 33 So.3d 88, 90 (Fla. 1st DCA 2010) (concurring), the following:\nHere, the Legislature concluded it is harmful ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "33 So. 3d 88", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_33/0088_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "21d366c8ac4d81e4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 4977, "end": 4997, "quote": "section 39.806(l)(i)", "context": "rights.... Like other statutory provisions recognizing the danger posed by repetitive bad behavior, section 39.806(l)(i) was designed to protect children when parents continually engage in conduct warranting out-of-home ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55d3186617ca0d1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 5975, "end": 5993, "quote": "63 So.3d at 921-22", "context": " and that termination is the least restrictive means of protecting the children from harm. See R.L. 63 So.3d at 921-22. Thus, we reject N.B.’s facial constitutional challenge to section 39.806(1)(Z).\nAffirmed.\n", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "63 So. 3d 920", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_63/0920_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a865beaa7fd52de4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_183/1186_01/index.html", "start": 6053, "end": 6073, "quote": "section 39.806(1)(Z)", "context": "n from harm. See R.L. 63 So.3d at 921-22. Thus, we reject N.B.’s facial constitutional challenge to section 39.806(1)(Z).\nAffirmed.\n", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b846550ea0ba1818", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_39/0555_01/index.html", "start": 1093, "end": 1108, "quote": "Section 775.089", "context": "irectly by Mr. Cummings’ offense of trespass or that such loss was related to his criminal episode.\nSection 775.089, Florida Statutes (2008), provides as follows:\n(l)(a) In addition to any punishment, the court shal", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "96cc653dafb153a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_39/0555_01/index.html", "start": 2351, "end": 2365, "quote": "932 So.2d 1227", "context": "reserve on restitution,” Mr. Cummings did not orally agree to pay restitution. See R.A.B. v. State, 932 So.2d 1227, 1229 (Fla. 2d DCA 2006) (holding that record did not establish that restitution was a condition of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "932 So. 2d 1227", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_932/1227_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9cf1c2cd13683fb6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_39/0555_01/index.html", "start": 2943, "end": 2957, "quote": "944 So.2d 1099", "context": "e and that such loss was related to his criminal episode.\nThis case is on point with G.C. v. State, 944 So.2d 1099, 1099 (Fla. 2d DCA 2006), where G.C. was charged with grand theft of a motor vehicle, burglary of a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "944 So. 2d 1099", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_944/1099_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aa499dd0d31e7ca9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_39/0555_01/index.html", "start": 3254, "end": 3257, "quote": "Id.", "context": "e trespassed onto a business’s property and took an all-terrain vehicle, which was never recovered. Id. Pursuant to a plea agreement, G.C. pleaded no contest to trespass in a conveyance and trespass on p", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "944 So. 2d 1099", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_944/1099_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b3287a64f23d383c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_39/0555_01/index.html", "start": 3411, "end": 3414, "quote": "Id.", "context": " to trespass in a conveyance and trespass on property and the State dropped the grand theft charge. Id.\nIn G.C., 944 So.2d at 1100, this court held that the State failed to establish a nexus between G.C.", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "944 So. 2d 1099", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_944/1099_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6d0f6750232b6eec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_39/0555_01/index.html", "start": 3424, "end": 3441, "quote": "944 So.2d at 1100", "context": "in a conveyance and trespass on property and the State dropped the grand theft charge. Id.\nIn G.C., 944 So.2d at 1100, this court held that the State failed to establish a nexus between G.C.’s trespass and the loss of", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "944 So. 2d 1099", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_944/1099_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "03e06422310e47ec", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_39/0555_01/index.html", "start": 3674, "end": 3685, "quote": "§ 810.08(1)", "context": "est to trespass, G.C. admitted only to entering or remaining in the vehicle without permission. See § 810.08(1). He did not admit to grand theft, and in the plea deal the State abandoned that charge without secu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "aab52079b0b839d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_39/0555_01/index.html", "start": 3920, "end": 3934, "quote": "741 So.2d 1213", "context": "ution for the victim’s loss occasioned by the theft of the [vehicle].\nSimilarly, in Davis v. State, 741 So.2d 1213, 1214 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999), the appellant was initially charged with burglary of a dwelling and he en", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "741 So. 2d 1213", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_741/1213_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c66f36e44b29ff32", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_39/0555_01/index.html", "start": 4379, "end": 4390, "quote": "Id. at 1214", "context": "ionship between the attempted burglary judgment and the victim’s loss of items taken from her home. Id. at 1214. In the present case, there was no testimony establishing a nexus between Mr. Cummings’ trespass in", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "741 So. 2d 1213", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_741/1213_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2060ff664634a643", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_97/0941_01/index.html", "start": 2280, "end": 2293, "quote": "911 So.2d 858", "context": "ed when a JCC orders an IME without statutory authority. See Zabik v. Palm Beach County Sch. Dist., 911 So.2d 858, 859 (Fla. 1st DCA 2005) (“Certiorari review lies if the JCC orders a psychiatric IME without statu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "911 So. 2d 858", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_911/0858_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ffe2c23b229208e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_97/0941_01/index.html", "start": 2649, "end": 2672, "quote": "746 So.2d at 1244, 1245", "context": "m takes place, it cannot be undone on appeal. See Taylor v. Columbia/HCA Doctors Hosp. of Sarasota, 746 So.2d at 1244, 1245 (Fla. 1st DCA 1999) (“In the context of compelled physical or psychiatric examinations, the require", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40b29a23a8df0afd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_97/0941_01/index.html", "start": 3040, "end": 3052, "quote": "43 So.3d 834", "context": "ssed a situation similar to the one presented here in Lehoullier v. Gevity/Fire Equipment Services, 43 So.3d 834 (Fla. 1st DCA 2010). In Lehoullier, we noted that IMEs are appropriate when a “dispute” arises “ ‘c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 So. 3d 834", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_43/0834_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "46c21157c6975b06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_97/0941_01/index.html", "start": 3230, "end": 3240, "quote": "Id. at 836", "context": " “dispute” arises “ ‘concerning overutilization, medical benefits, compensability,’ or disability.” Id. at 836. See also § 440.13(5)(a), Fla. Stat. (2009). A “dispute” was read “to mean a legal dispute cognizab", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "43 So. 3d 834", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_43/0834_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "12ba6ea2f3877486", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_97/0941_01/index.html", "start": 3251, "end": 3265, "quote": "§ 440.13(5)(a)", "context": "concerning overutilization, medical benefits, compensability,’ or disability.” Id. at 836. See also § 440.13(5)(a), Fla. Stat. (2009). A “dispute” was read “to mean a legal dispute cognizable under the Florida Work", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eb4b2ef3bcd854f2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_97/0941_01/index.html", "start": 3407, "end": 3422, "quote": "43 So.3d at 836", "context": "“to mean a legal dispute cognizable under the Florida Worker’s [sic] Compensation Law.” Lehoullier, 43 So.3d at 836. The Lehoullier court concluded\nthere was no “dispute” between the parties because Claimant had not", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "43 So. 3d 834", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_43/0834_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b7ec0e98c4e1c422", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_97/0941_01/index.html", "start": 4028, "end": 4044, "quote": "911 So.2d at 859", "context": "lative concerns over a claimant’s progress with an authorized physician is insufficient. See Zabik, 911 So.2d at 859 (holding E/C’s speculative but unrealized concern over claimant’s psychiatric condition insufficien", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "911 So. 2d 858", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_911/0858_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fa46d23fa01d04f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/so3d/volume_97/0941_01/index.html", "start": 4185, "end": 4188, "quote": "Id.", "context": "d concern over claimant’s psychiatric condition insufficient to constitute dispute warranting IME).\nId. (emphasis added).\nHere, the relevant inquiry was whether the E/C denied a medical benefit requested", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "911 So. 2d 858", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../so2d/volume_911/0858_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a7701ca3aef9e42e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 6279, "end": 6299, "quote": "53 Tex. Civ. App. 12", "context": "urt of Civil Appeals when this case was first before that court (Paris & G. N. Ry. Co. v. Robinson, 53 Tex. Civ. App. 12, 18, 114 S. W. 661), in the following language: “Intoxication is of varying degrees. A person so un", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 Tex. Civ. App. 12", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-civ-app/volume_53/0012_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "73b122402b98ed24", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 6305, "end": 6318, "quote": "114 S. W. 661", "context": "this case was first before that court (Paris & G. N. Ry. Co. v. Robinson, 53 Tex. Civ. App. 12, 18, 114 S. W. 661), in the following language: “Intoxication is of varying degrees. A person so under the influence o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 S.W. 661", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5b1e83a3f1766395", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 11454, "end": 11460, "quote": "§ 1230", "context": " to have resulted.\nWe approve the rule on this subject as stated by Hutchinson on Carriers (3d Ed.) § 1230, as follows: “The mere fact that the passenger is intoxicated will not, as we have seen, justify th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2467c3d01ea22bb3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 12841, "end": 12862, "quote": "31 Tex. Civ. App. 483", "context": "the question of contributory negligence cannot arise.” In the case of H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Bryant, 31 Tex. Civ. App. 483, 72 S. W. 888, Judge Fly held that although “Will Bryant” (for whose death damages were being sough", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "31 Tex. Civ. App. 483", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-civ-app/volume_31/0483_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0b8e20676e210a6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 12864, "end": 12876, "quote": "72 S. W. 888", "context": "utory negligence cannot arise.” In the case of H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Bryant, 31 Tex. Civ. App. 483, 72 S. W. 888, Judge Fly held that although “Will Bryant” (for whose death damages were being sought) “may have a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 S.W. 888", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4ab91c987de1eb85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 13323, "end": 13336, "quote": "49 S. W. 1105", "context": "and parents could not recover damages”.” In the ease of Ebert v. G., C. & S. F. Ry. Co. (Civ. App.) 49 S. W. 1105, the pláin-tiff sued the railroad company for damages. The facts in that Case show that Ebert was a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "49 S.W. 1105", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0326b07de035ec74", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 14300, "end": 14305, "quote": "§ 208", "context": "inciple laid down in the foregoing case is that laid down in the text-books. Wharton on Negligence, § 208, states it in this language: “A drunkard may be guilty of contributory negligence by getting drunk ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "009773ea35630765", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 14567, "end": 14571, "quote": "§ 76", "context": "eives injuries from which had he been sober he would have escaped.” Patterson Railway Accident Law, § 76, thus states the principle: “The fact that the person injured is intoxicated at the time of the inj", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ed7f1eb1c7f6cc8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 14783, "end": 14788, "quote": "§ 340", "context": " relieve him from the legal consequences of his contributory negligence.” 1 Thompson on Negligence, § 340, states the same principle in the following language: “Voluntary intoxication cannot be pleaded to ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47c6ee1fb23d3aca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 15458, "end": 15469, "quote": "71 Tex. 367", "context": "tent of insensibility.” This rule seems to have been announced in the case of Railway Co. v. Evans, 71 Tex. 367, 9 S. W. 325, 1 L. R. A. 476, but it will be observed that the doctrine there stated was applicable", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 Tex. 367", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8bf2262f5a08c4d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 15471, "end": 15482, "quote": "9 S. W. 325", "context": "sibility.” This rule seems to have been announced in the case of Railway Co. v. Evans, 71 Tex. 367, 9 S. W. 325, 1 L. R. A. 476, but it will be observed that the doctrine there stated was applicable to the pecul", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 S.W. 325", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ad10b0d30624bbaf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 16236, "end": 16247, "quote": "71 Tex. 367", "context": "rson was either a trespasser or a licensee only. This is true of the cases of Railway Co. v. Evans, 71 Tex. 367, 9 S. W. 325, 1 L. R. A. 476; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Smith, 52 Tex. 185; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Sympk", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 Tex. 367", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb93073b5fb9ebe7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 16249, "end": 16260, "quote": "9 S. W. 325", "context": "er a trespasser or a licensee only. This is true of the cases of Railway Co. v. Evans, 71 Tex. 367, 9 S. W. 325, 1 L. R. A. 476; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Smith, 52 Tex. 185; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Sympkins, 54 Tex. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 S.W. 325", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5b12dca96b641cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 16307, "end": 16318, "quote": "52 Tex. 185", "context": "ses of Railway Co. v. Evans, 71 Tex. 367, 9 S. W. 325, 1 L. R. A. 476; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Smith, 52 Tex. 185; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Sympkins, 54 Tex. 623, 38 Am. Rep. 632; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Waller, 56 Tex", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "52 Tex. 185", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "733ad001aed166c8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 16352, "end": 16363, "quote": "54 Tex. 623", "context": ". W. 325, 1 L. R. A. 476; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Smith, 52 Tex. 185; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Sympkins, 54 Tex. 623, 38 Am. Rep. 632; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Waller, 56 Tex. 331.\nWhile we approve the rule of “wanton o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 Tex. 623", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_54/0623_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ff3c649a7dad1d8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 16365, "end": 16380, "quote": "38 Am. Rep. 632", "context": ". R. A. 476; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Smith, 52 Tex. 185; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Sympkins, 54 Tex. 623, 38 Am. Rep. 632; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Waller, 56 Tex. 331.\nWhile we approve the rule of “wanton or willful neglect", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 Am. Rep. 632", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "af36bd427636459b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 16412, "end": 16423, "quote": "56 Tex. 331", "context": "x. 185; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Sympkins, 54 Tex. 623, 38 Am. Rep. 632; H. & T. C. Ry. Co. v. Waller, 56 Tex. 331.\nWhile we approve the rule of “wanton or willful neglect” toward those who are injured by the carri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "56 Tex. 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_56/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c062baa32db51a95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 18802, "end": 18815, "quote": "138 Mich. 433", "context": "n we are referred by counsel for plaintiffs below to the following authorities: Fox v. Railway Co., 138 Mich. 433, 101 N. W. 624, 68 L. R. A. 336; Wheeler v. Railway Co., 70 N. H. 607, 50 Atl. 103, 54 L. R. A. 955", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "138 Mich. 433", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "535369c5436fdf80", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 18817, "end": 18830, "quote": "101 N. W. 624", "context": "ed by counsel for plaintiffs below to the following authorities: Fox v. Railway Co., 138 Mich. 433, 101 N. W. 624, 68 L. R. A. 336; Wheeler v. Railway Co., 70 N. H. 607, 50 Atl. 103, 54 L. R. A. 955; Johnson v. Ra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 N.W. 624", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "10f2a62094854588", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 18887, "end": 18898, "quote": "50 Atl. 103", "context": ". Railway Co., 138 Mich. 433, 101 N. W. 624, 68 L. R. A. 336; Wheeler v. Railway Co., 70 N. H. 607, 50 Atl. 103, 54 L. R. A. 955; Johnson v. Railway Co., 104 Ala. 241, 16 South. 75, 53 Am. St. Rep. 39; Hutchinso", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "50 A. 103", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "793d2026394ac3bc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 18941, "end": 18953, "quote": "104 Ala. 241", "context": "A. 336; Wheeler v. Railway Co., 70 N. H. 607, 50 Atl. 103, 54 L. R. A. 955; Johnson v. Railway Co., 104 Ala. 241, 16 South. 75, 53 Am. St. Rep. 39; Hutchinson on Carriers, § 637. The ease of Fox v. Railway Co. wa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 Ala. 241", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7af3c19f10e418a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 18955, "end": 18967, "quote": "16 South. 75", "context": "r v. Railway Co., 70 N. H. 607, 50 Atl. 103, 54 L. R. A. 955; Johnson v. Railway Co., 104 Ala. 241, 16 South. 75, 53 Am. St. Rep. 39; Hutchinson on Carriers, § 637. The ease of Fox v. Railway Co. was a suit.for d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "16 So. 75", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c09da3d86fbcf18", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 18969, "end": 18987, "quote": "53 Am. St. Rep. 39", "context": "o., 70 N. H. 607, 50 Atl. 103, 54 L. R. A. 955; Johnson v. Railway Co., 104 Ala. 241, 16 South. 75, 53 Am. St. Rep. 39; Hutchinson on Carriers, § 637. The ease of Fox v. Railway Co. was a suit.for damages for personal ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 Am. St. Rep. 39", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f12ebb293ab393a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 19013, "end": 19019, "quote": "§ 637.", "context": "55; Johnson v. Railway Co., 104 Ala. 241, 16 South. 75, 53 Am. St. Rep. 39; Hutchinson on Carriers, § 637. The ease of Fox v. Railway Co. was a suit.for damages for personal injuries alleged to have been re", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15bb60f8f443c466", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 21036, "end": 21042, "quote": "supra,", "context": "sel.\nThe next case cited and' relied upon by plaintiff’s counsel is that of Wheeler v. Railway Co., supra, from New Hampshire. That was a case where plaintiff was drunk, and was permitted to dance and stagg", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1b208edf6a20b407", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw/volume_140/0434_01/index.html", "start": 23627, "end": 23633, "quote": "supra,", "context": "were repeatedly impressed upon the attention of the jtiry.” The case of Johnson v. L. & N. Ry. Co., supra, Alabama case, relied upon by plaintiff’s counsel, does not in our judgment support the proposition ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e13dc5845509a86e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 5315, "end": 5327, "quote": "7 S.W.2d 579", "context": ". Consequently appellant has no just grounds for complaint. See Blake v. State, 110 Tex. Cr.R. 128, 7 S.W.2d 579.\nBills of exceptions numbers 3, 12, and 13 relate to the' action of the district attorney, who on c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "7 S.W.2d 579", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_7/0579_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c9247d519e9894a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 6328, "end": 6345, "quote": "106 Tex.Cr.R. 506", "context": " our opinion that the bills as thus qualified fail to reflect reversible error. See Escue v. State, 106 Tex.Cr.R. 506, 294 S.W. 202; 18 Tex. Jur. p. 71.\nBy bill of exception number four, appellant complains of the tes", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 Tex. Crim. 506", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_106/0506_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b095831e6f9f11cf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 6347, "end": 6359, "quote": "294 S.W. 202", "context": "he bills as thus qualified fail to reflect reversible error. See Escue v. State, 106 Tex.Cr.R. 506, 294 S.W. 202; 18 Tex. Jur. p. 71.\nBy bill of exception number four, appellant complains of the testimony given b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "294 S.W. 202", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06a636ecaec110af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 7928, "end": 7934, "quote": "supra.", "context": "ss the check in question. See for example Vol. 18 Tex. Jur. Sees. 36-38, pp. 70-74; Escue v. State, supra.\nWe do not deem it necessary to discuss bill of exception number five, because the court sustained a", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b6de0b2cc5b2d029", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 8280, "end": 8297, "quote": "128 Tex.Cr.R. 627", "context": "s to have been gotten before the jury without objection on appellant’s part. See Sparkman v. State, 128 Tex.Cr.R. 627, 82 S.W.2d 972, and authorities cited. Bills of exceptions numbers 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 have been", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "128 Tex. Crim. 627", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_128/0627_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5e0aaabec5ca73f3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 8299, "end": 8312, "quote": "82 S.W.2d 972", "context": "en before the jury without objection on appellant’s part. See Sparkman v. State, 128 Tex.Cr.R. 627, 82 S.W.2d 972, and authorities cited. Bills of exceptions numbers 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 have been carefully cons", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S.W.2d 972", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_82/0972_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8d6cc8d8c5ec746a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 12944, "end": 12960, "quote": "91 Tex.Cr.R. 137", "context": "e 35, Art. 543, Vol. 1, Vernon's Ann.Tex.C.C.P., Sec. 306, Branch’s Ann.Tex.P.C., Grayson v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 137, 236 S.W. 1110; Weaver v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 637, 240 S.W. 543; Evans v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 579, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Tex. Crim. 137", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_91/0137_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9e159b41ff0cbd0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 12962, "end": 12975, "quote": "236 S.W. 1110", "context": "l. 1, Vernon's Ann.Tex.C.C.P., Sec. 306, Branch’s Ann.Tex.P.C., Grayson v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 137, 236 S.W. 1110; Weaver v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 637, 240 S.W. 543; Evans v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 579, 240 S.W. 916.\nA", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "236 S.W. 1110", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6aae77cb340279fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 12994, "end": 13010, "quote": "91 Tex.Cr.R. 637", "context": "ec. 306, Branch’s Ann.Tex.P.C., Grayson v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 137, 236 S.W. 1110; Weaver v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 637, 240 S.W. 543; Evans v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 579, 240 S.W. 916.\nAppellant also insists that the conf", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Tex. Crim. 637", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_91/0637_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f9bd5f3e4ec44f7a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 13012, "end": 13024, "quote": "240 S.W. 543", "context": "Ann.Tex.P.C., Grayson v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 137, 236 S.W. 1110; Weaver v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 637, 240 S.W. 543; Evans v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 579, 240 S.W. 916.\nAppellant also insists that the confession introdu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "240 S.W. 543", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e366be69191e78ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 13042, "end": 13058, "quote": "91 Tex.Cr.R. 579", "context": ", 91 Tex.Cr.R. 137, 236 S.W. 1110; Weaver v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 637, 240 S.W. 543; Evans v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 579, 240 S.W. 916.\nAppellant also insists that the confession introduced in evidence against him was no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Tex. Crim. 579", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_91/0579_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "35c1dfdabc2a47c6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 13060, "end": 13072, "quote": "240 S.W. 916", "context": ", 236 S.W. 1110; Weaver v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 637, 240 S.W. 543; Evans v. State, 91 Tex.Cr.R. 579, 240 S.W. 916.\nAppellant also insists that the confession introduced in evidence against him was not Voluntarily ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "240 S.W. 916", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8167dc5f9daf7082", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 16934, "end": 16946, "quote": "272 S.W. 163", "context": " that his address was Blanket, Texas. Appellant cites us to Stroehmer v. State, 100 Tex.Cr.R. - 90, 272 S.W. 163; Nichols v. State, 106 Tex.Cr.R. 108, 290 S.W. 1093; Roberts v. State, 107 Tex.Cr.R. 139, 295 S.W. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "272 S.W. 163", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3d05160aff5d833b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 16966, "end": 16983, "quote": "106 Tex.Cr.R. 108", "context": "exas. Appellant cites us to Stroehmer v. State, 100 Tex.Cr.R. - 90, 272 S.W. 163; Nichols v. State, 106 Tex.Cr.R. 108, 290 S.W. 1093; Roberts v. State, 107 Tex.Cr.R. 139, 295 S.W. 609, as supporting complaint of the a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 Tex. Crim. 108", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_106/0108_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d9a7e9f7593706d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 16985, "end": 16998, "quote": "290 S.W. 1093", "context": "es us to Stroehmer v. State, 100 Tex.Cr.R. - 90, 272 S.W. 163; Nichols v. State, 106 Tex.Cr.R. 108, 290 S.W. 1093; Roberts v. State, 107 Tex.Cr.R. 139, 295 S.W. 609, as supporting complaint of the argument.- The t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "290 S.W. 1093", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "409bffa764bcf60b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 17018, "end": 17035, "quote": "107 Tex.Cr.R. 139", "context": "Tex.Cr.R. - 90, 272 S.W. 163; Nichols v. State, 106 Tex.Cr.R. 108, 290 S.W. 1093; Roberts v. State, 107 Tex.Cr.R. 139, 295 S.W. 609, as supporting complaint of the argument.- The two cases first mentioned are so entir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 Tex. Crim. 139", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_107/0139_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3ecc59e68afd5e82", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 17037, "end": 17049, "quote": "295 S.W. 609", "context": " S.W. 163; Nichols v. State, 106 Tex.Cr.R. 108, 290 S.W. 1093; Roberts v. State, 107 Tex.Cr.R. 139, 295 S.W. 609, as supporting complaint of the argument.- The two cases first mentioned are so entirely different ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "295 S.W. 609", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b422a6d02d4532d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 17794, "end": 17811, "quote": "104 Tex.Cr.R. 240", "context": "guage complained of was the attorney’s conclusion from the evidence in the case. Franklin v. State, 104 Tex.Cr.R. 240, 283 S.W. 802 is directly in point.\nWe think it not necessary to discuss other matters urged by app", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 Tex. Crim. 240", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_104/0240_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6632c556769fd4fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_139/0573_01/index.html", "start": 17813, "end": 17825, "quote": "283 S.W. 802", "context": " was the attorney’s conclusion from the evidence in the case. Franklin v. State, 104 Tex.Cr.R. 240, 283 S.W. 802 is directly in point.\nWe think it not necessary to discuss other matters urged by appellant.\nThe mo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "283 S.W. 802", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "92bdcf47db509996", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_160/0569_01/index.html", "start": 357, "end": 371, "quote": "144 S.W.2d 689", "context": "lly set out in the former opinion of this court. Jones v. Traders & General Ins. Co., Tex.Civ.App., 144 S.W.2d 689.\nThe parties will be designated as they were in the trial court.\nBriefly stated, the deceased recei", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "144 S.W.2d 689", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_144/0689_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "88c5ece65b911e42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_160/0569_01/index.html", "start": 2361, "end": 2368, "quote": "the Act", "context": "njuries, was seized with an uncontrollable impulse to take his life, his death is compensable under the Act. The case was tried and submitted to the jury upon that theory and the jury found the facts to exis", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "87c55cfe153144a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_160/0569_01/index.html", "start": 17400, "end": 17414, "quote": "144 S.W.2d 689", "context": "eranged, yet such a view is not in keeping with the authorities cited in Justice Dunklin’s opinion. 144 S.W.2d 689. We are compelled to hold, regrettable as were the unfortunate circumstances involved, that the und", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "144 S.W.2d 689", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_144/0689_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a2a632fe002de2b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_183/0680_01/index.html", "start": 5985, "end": 5999, "quote": "164 S.W.2d 550", "context": "n involved in this case was decided in the case of Consolidated Underwriters v. Ruff, Tex.Civ.App., 164 S.W.2d 550, 554, writ of error refused. In that case the court, in holding that the trial court had committed ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "164 S.W.2d 550", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_164/0550_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "714e7492bd89dfce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_183/0680_01/index.html", "start": 6435, "end": 6448, "quote": "32 S.W.2d 216", "context": "ust be complied with, since it has the force and effect of a statute. Reed v. Bates, Tex.Civ. App., 32 S.W.2d 216. Where the statute regulating the giving of charges to the jury is violated, error must be presumed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "32 S.W.2d 216", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_32/0216_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ea2c423f117840dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_183/0680_01/index.html", "start": 6576, "end": 6588, "quote": "102 Tex. 263", "context": "ng the giving of charges to the jury is violated, error must be presumed. Texas, etc., Co. v. Byrd, 102 Tex. 263, 15 S.W. 1163, 20 L.R.A., N.S., 429, 20 Ann.Cas. 137; Parker v. Bailey, Tex.Com.App., 15 S.W.2d 103", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "102 Tex. 263", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_102/0263_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d76bee558df21822", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_183/0680_01/index.html", "start": 6590, "end": 6602, "quote": "15 S.W. 1163", "context": "of charges to the jury is violated, error must be presumed. Texas, etc., Co. v. Byrd, 102 Tex. 263, 15 S.W. 1163, 20 L.R.A., N.S., 429, 20 Ann.Cas. 137; Parker v. Bailey, Tex.Com.App., 15 S.W.2d 1033.”\nContinuing", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 S.W. 1163", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "066f736bcafdf82f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_183/0680_01/index.html", "start": 6675, "end": 6689, "quote": "15 S.W.2d 1033", "context": " 102 Tex. 263, 15 S.W. 1163, 20 L.R.A., N.S., 429, 20 Ann.Cas. 137; Parker v. Bailey, Tex.Com.App., 15 S.W.2d 1033.”\nContinuing, the court said: “The authorities above cited deny appellee’s proposition, that Rule 2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "15 S.W.2d 1033", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_15/1033_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f32d9122b3da0be7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_352/0731_01/index.html", "start": 1892, "end": 1909, "quote": "156 Tex.Cr.R. 563", "context": "and fraudulently take one head of cattle * * This allegation was held sufficient in Heath v. State, 156 Tex.Cr.R. 563, 244 S.W.2d 815.\nThe evidence is insufficient to support the conviction; there is no proof that app", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "156 Tex. Crim. 563", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b9ab8f3a9700c54f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_352/0731_01/index.html", "start": 1911, "end": 1925, "quote": "244 S.W.2d 815", "context": "ke one head of cattle * * This allegation was held sufficient in Heath v. State, 156 Tex.Cr.R. 563, 244 S.W.2d 815.\nThe evidence is insufficient to support the conviction; there is no proof that appellant took the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "244 S.W.2d 815", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_244/0815_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d42e2c11a980b56f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 2509, "end": 2525, "quote": "159 Tex.Cr.R. 79", "context": "equent conviction or convictions. The provisions of this statute were mandatory. Eldridge v. State, 159 Tex.Cr.R. 79, 261 S.W.2d 579; Ex parte House, 161 Tex.Cr.R. 368, 276 S.W.2d 846; Young v. State, 162 Tex.Cr.R. 3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "159 Tex. Crim. 79", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0d61587131b49254", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 2527, "end": 2541, "quote": "261 S.W.2d 579", "context": "or convictions. The provisions of this statute were mandatory. Eldridge v. State, 159 Tex.Cr.R. 79, 261 S.W.2d 579; Ex parte House, 161 Tex.Cr.R. 368, 276 S.W.2d 846; Young v. State, 162 Tex.Cr.R. 382, 285 S.W.2d 7", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "261 S.W.2d 579", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_261/0579_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "605506ecd0416270", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 2559, "end": 2576, "quote": "161 Tex.Cr.R. 368", "context": "f this statute were mandatory. Eldridge v. State, 159 Tex.Cr.R. 79, 261 S.W.2d 579; Ex parte House, 161 Tex.Cr.R. 368, 276 S.W.2d 846; Young v. State, 162 Tex.Cr.R. 382, 285 S.W.2d 748. This contention is overruled.\nF", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "161 Tex. Crim. 368", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9ce584f53a66a547", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 2578, "end": 2592, "quote": "276 S.W.2d 846", "context": " mandatory. Eldridge v. State, 159 Tex.Cr.R. 79, 261 S.W.2d 579; Ex parte House, 161 Tex.Cr.R. 368, 276 S.W.2d 846; Young v. State, 162 Tex.Cr.R. 382, 285 S.W.2d 748. This contention is overruled.\nFor discharge, th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "276 S.W.2d 846", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_276/0846_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a0bb347f4a85549b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 2610, "end": 2627, "quote": "162 Tex.Cr.R. 382", "context": "59 Tex.Cr.R. 79, 261 S.W.2d 579; Ex parte House, 161 Tex.Cr.R. 368, 276 S.W.2d 846; Young v. State, 162 Tex.Cr.R. 382, 285 S.W.2d 748. This contention is overruled.\nFor discharge, the relator also relies upon the grou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "162 Tex. Crim. 382", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ab0c328f4f5e3abc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 2629, "end": 2643, "quote": "285 S.W.2d 748", "context": "1 S.W.2d 579; Ex parte House, 161 Tex.Cr.R. 368, 276 S.W.2d 846; Young v. State, 162 Tex.Cr.R. 382, 285 S.W.2d 748. This contention is overruled.\nFor discharge, the relator also relies upon the ground that he was d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "285 S.W.2d 748", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_285/0748_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "b2c0bc07cd178752", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 3205, "end": 3219, "quote": "379 S.W.2d 663", "context": "asked the trial judge to let him contact an attorney, but the judge declined.\nIn Ex parte Crawford, 379 S.W.2d 663 (1964), this court held that the judgment was not void because the probation, in a prior case used ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "379 S.W.2d 663", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_379/0663_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3f15246cd284d034", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 3663, "end": 3677, "quote": "414 S.W.2d 472", "context": "ked, is not retroactive. See: Art. 1.02, C.C.P., and Ex parte Williams, Tex.Cr.App., April 5, 1967, 414 S.W.2d 472.\nNo error is presented. The relief is denied.\nON MOTION FOR REHEARING\nONION, Judge.\nIn his motion f", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "414 S.W.2d 472", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_414/0472_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c8f758fe10efd1e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4634, "end": 4648, "quote": "394 S.W.2d 815", "context": "ive with any later sentence. In support of his contention, he cites Ex parte O’Connor, Tex.Cr.App., 394 S.W.2d 815; Ex parte Green, Tex.Cr.App., 375 S.W.2d 312; Ex parte Hernandez, Tex.Cr.App., 364 S.W.2d 688; Ex p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "394 S.W.2d 815", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_394/0815_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c52b2f1d5dd86f70", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4679, "end": 4693, "quote": "375 S.W.2d 312", "context": "s contention, he cites Ex parte O’Connor, Tex.Cr.App., 394 S.W.2d 815; Ex parte Green, Tex.Cr.App., 375 S.W.2d 312; Ex parte Hernandez, Tex.Cr.App., 364 S.W.2d 688; Ex parte Rutherford, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 302, 350 S.W.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "375 S.W.2d 312", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_375/0312_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "418d17a876b5ad5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4728, "end": 4742, "quote": "364 S.W.2d 688", "context": "App., 394 S.W.2d 815; Ex parte Green, Tex.Cr.App., 375 S.W.2d 312; Ex parte Hernandez, Tex.Cr.App., 364 S.W.2d 688; Ex parte Rutherford, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 302, 350 S.W.2d 31; Ex parte Downey, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 296, 350 S.W", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "364 S.W.2d 688", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_364/0688_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b86e6d737622c4fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4765, "end": 4782, "quote": "171 Tex.Cr.R. 302", "context": " Tex.Cr.App., 375 S.W.2d 312; Ex parte Hernandez, Tex.Cr.App., 364 S.W.2d 688; Ex parte Rutherford, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 302, 350 S.W.2d 31; Ex parte Downey, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 296, 350 S.W.2d 20; Ex parte Scott, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 35", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "171 Tex. Crim. 302", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d46152164c15148c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4784, "end": 4797, "quote": "350 S.W.2d 31", "context": ".W.2d 312; Ex parte Hernandez, Tex.Cr.App., 364 S.W.2d 688; Ex parte Rutherford, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 302, 350 S.W.2d 31; Ex parte Downey, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 296, 350 S.W.2d 20; Ex parte Scott, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 353, 328 S.W.2d 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "350 S.W.2d 31", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_350/0031_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a691502b8e617bdd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4816, "end": 4833, "quote": "171 Tex.Cr.R. 296", "context": "ex.Cr.App., 364 S.W.2d 688; Ex parte Rutherford, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 302, 350 S.W.2d 31; Ex parte Downey, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 296, 350 S.W.2d 20; Ex parte Scott, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 353, 328 S.W.2d 190; Ex parte Tucker, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 3", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "171 Tex. Crim. 296", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07ff31ddd6b3124f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4835, "end": 4848, "quote": "350 S.W.2d 20", "context": ".2d 688; Ex parte Rutherford, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 302, 350 S.W.2d 31; Ex parte Downey, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 296, 350 S.W.2d 20; Ex parte Scott, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 353, 328 S.W.2d 190; Ex parte Tucker, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 308, 325 S.W.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "350 S.W.2d 20", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_350/0020_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "85284f6825d3a972", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4866, "end": 4883, "quote": "168 Tex.Cr.R. 353", "context": "71 Tex.Cr.R. 302, 350 S.W.2d 31; Ex parte Downey, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 296, 350 S.W.2d 20; Ex parte Scott, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 353, 328 S.W.2d 190; Ex parte Tucker, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 308, 325 S.W.2d 703; Ex parte Minor, 167 Tex.Cr.R. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "168 Tex. Crim. 353", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f7aee847a49d139c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4885, "end": 4899, "quote": "328 S.W.2d 190", "context": "50 S.W.2d 31; Ex parte Downey, 171 Tex.Cr.R. 296, 350 S.W.2d 20; Ex parte Scott, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 353, 328 S.W.2d 190; Ex parte Tucker, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 308, 325 S.W.2d 703; Ex parte Minor, 167 Tex.Cr.R. 170, 319 S.W.2d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "328 S.W.2d 190", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_328/0190_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b6733da5f9edcac7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4918, "end": 4935, "quote": "168 Tex.Cr.R. 308", "context": "1 Tex.Cr.R. 296, 350 S.W.2d 20; Ex parte Scott, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 353, 328 S.W.2d 190; Ex parte Tucker, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 308, 325 S.W.2d 703; Ex parte Minor, 167 Tex.Cr.R. 170, 319 S.W.2d 114.\nNone of the cases cited pertain", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "168 Tex. Crim. 308", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9c6e07b2a32afb66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4937, "end": 4951, "quote": "325 S.W.2d 703", "context": "0 S.W.2d 20; Ex parte Scott, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 353, 328 S.W.2d 190; Ex parte Tucker, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 308, 325 S.W.2d 703; Ex parte Minor, 167 Tex.Cr.R. 170, 319 S.W.2d 114.\nNone of the cases cited pertain to suspended se", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "325 S.W.2d 703", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_325/0703_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83f15d25473cc0db", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4969, "end": 4986, "quote": "167 Tex.Cr.R. 170", "context": " Tex.Cr.R. 353, 328 S.W.2d 190; Ex parte Tucker, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 308, 325 S.W.2d 703; Ex parte Minor, 167 Tex.Cr.R. 170, 319 S.W.2d 114.\nNone of the cases cited pertain to suspended sentences granted under Articles 776-", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "167 Tex. Crim. 170", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "794cdb5631391322", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 4988, "end": 5002, "quote": "319 S.W.2d 114", "context": " S.W.2d 190; Ex parte Tucker, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 308, 325 S.W.2d 703; Ex parte Minor, 167 Tex.Cr.R. 170, 319 S.W.2d 114.\nNone of the cases cited pertain to suspended sentences granted under Articles 776-781, C.C.P. (192", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "319 S.W.2d 114", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "529bdabd041eeb25", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 5485, "end": 5495, "quote": "Section 11", "context": "t probation to suspend either the imposition or the execution of the sentence. See also Article IV, Section 11 A, Texas Constitution. In each of the cases cited by appellant, the trial judge in granting probati", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "88f14fcd54d0130a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 6469, "end": 6479, "quote": "Sections 1", "context": "ocation can be made cumulative with other outstanding sentences. It is observed that Article 42.12, Sections 1 and 3, of the 1965 Code of Criminal Procedure, now provides only for the suspension of the impositi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cecc218720dfb131", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 6677, "end": 6683, "quote": "supra,", "context": "tion of the sentence when probation is granted.\nThe Legislature did not intend either Article 781b, supra, or its successor, Article 781d, supra, to be construed as additional powers and duties granted in c", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "23672434734a5388", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 6716, "end": 6722, "quote": "supra,", "context": "granted.\nThe Legislature did not intend either Article 781b, supra, or its successor, Article 781d, supra, to be construed as additional powers and duties granted in connection with the then existing Suspen", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56e3fddcffd64ec6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 6891, "end": 6908, "quote": "157 Tex.Cr.R. 301", "context": "n with the then existing Suspended Sentence Law. Articles 776-781, C.C.P. (1925). Ex parte Pittman, 157 Tex.Cr.R. 301, 248 S.W.2d 159.\nIn extending clemency in 1953 to relator, it is obvious that the trial court proce", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "157 Tex. Crim. 301", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "630997d345721236", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 6910, "end": 6924, "quote": "248 S.W.2d 159", "context": "sting Suspended Sentence Law. Articles 776-781, C.C.P. (1925). Ex parte Pittman, 157 Tex.Cr.R. 301, 248 S.W.2d 159.\nIn extending clemency in 1953 to relator, it is obvious that the trial court proceeded under the p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "248 S.W.2d 159", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_248/0159_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8099bf13b372ed5b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 7065, "end": 7071, "quote": "supra,", "context": "r, it is obvious that the trial court proceeded under the provisions of the Suspended Sentence Law, supra, rather than the Adult Probation Law (Article 781b), then in effect.\nIt is clear from reading Articl", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "26d4fda1d5491a4d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 7183, "end": 7189, "quote": "supra,", "context": " the Adult Probation Law (Article 781b), then in effect.\nIt is clear from reading Articles 776-781, supra, (the Suspended Sentence Law) that where the sentence was suspended pursuant thereto that no sentenc", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "39e881c509bee529", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 7323, "end": 7329, "quote": "supra,", "context": " where the sentence was suspended pursuant thereto that no sentence was to be imposed. Article 778, supra, provided that where the sentence was suspended, the judgment entered would not become final except ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba15546a3a1aa8d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 7457, "end": 7463, "quote": "supra.", "context": "tence was suspended, the judgment entered would not become final except as provided in Article 779, supra. Section 1 of Article 779, supra, provided that upon revocation of the suspended sentence as a resul", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6aad6af7cf68e374", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 7464, "end": 7473, "quote": "Section 1", "context": "as suspended, the judgment entered would not become final except as provided in Article 779, supra. Section 1 of Article 779, supra, provided that upon revocation of the suspended sentence as a result of a fin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0ac7981f595dde67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 7490, "end": 7496, "quote": "supra,", "context": " entered would not become final except as provided in Article 779, supra. Section 1 of Article 779, supra, provided that upon revocation of the suspended sentence as a result of a final conviction of any ot", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb1a88285763746b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 7847, "end": 7864, "quote": "162 Tex.Cr.R. 382", "context": "onviction or convictions. The provisions of this Article were held to be mandatory. Young v. State, 162 Tex.Cr.R. 382, 285 S.W.2d 748.\nFrom the foregoing it is seen that a trial judge in granting clemency pursuant to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "162 Tex. Crim. 382", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c60f2384389d3e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 7866, "end": 7880, "quote": "285 S.W.2d 748", "context": "tions. The provisions of this Article were held to be mandatory. Young v. State, 162 Tex.Cr.R. 382, 285 S.W.2d 748.\nFrom the foregoing it is seen that a trial judge in granting clemency pursuant to the Suspended Se", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "285 S.W.2d 748", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_285/0748_02/index.html"]}
{"id": "0c31117e9ecada22", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_415/0409_01/index.html", "start": 8841, "end": 8847, "quote": "supra.", "context": "uspended sentence and cumulating it with the 1957 felony conviction in accordance with Article 779, supra.\nIt is noted that the Suspended Sentence Law has been repealed by the 1965 Code of Criminal Procedur", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01defebcf36e5197", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 418, "end": 432, "quote": "552 S.W.2d 136", "context": "n the interest of justice” under Art. 40.09, Sec. 13, V.A.C.C.P. See Zachery v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 552 S.W.2d 136.\nV.T.C.A., Penal Code, Sec. 43.04(a), “Aggravated Promotion of Prostitution,” provides:\n“A person c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "552 S.W.2d 136", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_552/0136_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c266e4b691ef55a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 1130, "end": 1136, "quote": "supra,", "context": " Suzette Clark and Charlotte Boatwright.”\nThe definition of the offense set forth in Sec. 43.04(a), supra, prescribes the requisite mental state “knowingly.”\nThe indictment, having failed to allege an essen", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e031f1640c483b6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 1363, "end": 1377, "quote": "544 S.W.2d 147", "context": ", the culpable mental state “knowingly,” is fundamentally defective. Huggins v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 544 S.W.2d 147; Ex parte Garcia, Tex.Cr.App., 544 S.W.2d 432; Price v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 523 S.W.2d 950.\nThe jud", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "544 S.W.2d 147", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_544/0147_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d6ab80442c9da24f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 1409, "end": 1423, "quote": "544 S.W.2d 432", "context": "ndamentally defective. Huggins v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 544 S.W.2d 147; Ex parte Garcia, Tex.Cr.App., 544 S.W.2d 432; Price v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 523 S.W.2d 950.\nThe judgment is reversed and the prosecution under th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "544 S.W.2d 432", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_544/0432_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6bfad250feb754bf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 1454, "end": 1468, "quote": "523 S.W.2d 950", "context": "Cr.App., 544 S.W.2d 147; Ex parte Garcia, Tex.Cr.App., 544 S.W.2d 432; Price v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 523 S.W.2d 950.\nThe judgment is reversed and the prosecution under the indictment is ordered dismissed.\nOPINION ON", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "523 S.W.2d 950", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_523/0950_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ac68e07a83a5fff5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 2032, "end": 2039, "quote": "§ 43.04", "context": "hearing the State asks our reconsideration of the question. This we shall do.\nV.T.C.A., Penal Code, § 43.04, provides:\n“(a) A person commits an offense if he knowingly owns, invests in, finances, controls, s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "24f63f7d8281288a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 2568, "end": 2575, "quote": "§ 43.04", "context": " uses two or more prostitutes.\nSee Texas Anno. Penal Statutes with Forms, Branch’s 3rd Ed., Vol. 3, § 43.04, p. 237.\nV.T.C.A., Penal Code, § 6.02 (Requirement of Culpability), provides:\n“(a) Except as provid", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e6c588bf19054e8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 2607, "end": 2613, "quote": "§ 6.02", "context": "s Anno. Penal Statutes with Forms, Branch’s 3rd Ed., Vol. 3, § 43.04, p. 237.\nV.T.C.A., Penal Code, § 6.02 (Requirement of Culpability), provides:\n“(a) Except as provided in Subsection (b) of this section, ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7bdbafa605ea774f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 3649, "end": 3655, "quote": "§ 6.02", "context": "that charged constitutes proof of the culpability charged.”\nIt is clear from Subsection (b) of said § 6.02 that if the definition of an offense does not prescribe a culpable mental state one is nevertheless", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "14df2e5c2f81f516", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 3867, "end": 3881, "quote": "538 S.W.2d 109", "context": "less the definition of the offense plainly dispenses with any mental element. See Baldwin v. State, 538 S.W.2d 109 (Tex.Cr.App.1976). An observation of the offense provided under § 43.04 of the new Penal Code clear", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "538 S.W.2d 109", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_538/0109_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2f0a4b49074a1bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 3946, "end": 3953, "quote": "§ 43.04", "context": "ee Baldwin v. State, 538 S.W.2d 109 (Tex.Cr.App.1976). An observation of the offense provided under § 43.04 of the new Penal Code clearly shows that “knowingly” is the necessary culpable mental state contain", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7264c48eabfd3e06", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5040, "end": 5051, "quote": "25 Tex. 722", "context": "he legislature cannot authorize the courts to dispense with essential allegations. Hewitt v. State, 25 Tex. 722 (1860); Huntsman v. State, 12 Tex.App. 619 (1882). An indictment or information must by direct and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "25 Tex. 722", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_25/0722_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "67a38fce2a7d6478", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5079, "end": 5094, "quote": "12 Tex.App. 619", "context": "rts to dispense with essential allegations. Hewitt v. State, 25 Tex. 722 (1860); Huntsman v. State, 12 Tex.App. 619 (1882). An indictment or information must by direct and positive averments allege all of the consti", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "12 White & W. 619", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9df01c5199668baa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5266, "end": 5282, "quote": "126 Tex.Cr.R. 89", "context": "nts allege all of the constituent elements of the offense sought to be charged. Waghalter v. State, 126 Tex.Cr.R. 89, 70 S.W.2d 420 (1934); Gremillion v. State, 131 Tex.Cr.R. 492, 100 S.W.2d 106 (1936); Anderson v. S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 Tex. Crim. 89", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_126/0089_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fd2cdb1c8162d300", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5284, "end": 5297, "quote": "70 S.W.2d 420", "context": "the constituent elements of the offense sought to be charged. Waghalter v. State, 126 Tex.Cr.R. 89, 70 S.W.2d 420 (1934); Gremillion v. State, 131 Tex.Cr.R. 492, 100 S.W.2d 106 (1936); Anderson v. State, 132 Tex.C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 S.W.2d 420", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_70/0420_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec533d40e96a78a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5327, "end": 5344, "quote": "131 Tex.Cr.R. 492", "context": "ght to be charged. Waghalter v. State, 126 Tex.Cr.R. 89, 70 S.W.2d 420 (1934); Gremillion v. State, 131 Tex.Cr.R. 492, 100 S.W.2d 106 (1936); Anderson v. State, 132 Tex.Cr.R. 37, 105 S.W.2d 258 (1936). Nothing must be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "131 Tex. Crim. 492", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_131/0492_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d2e7325d98a5d303", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5346, "end": 5360, "quote": "100 S.W.2d 106", "context": "Waghalter v. State, 126 Tex.Cr.R. 89, 70 S.W.2d 420 (1934); Gremillion v. State, 131 Tex.Cr.R. 492, 100 S.W.2d 106 (1936); Anderson v. State, 132 Tex.Cr.R. 37, 105 S.W.2d 258 (1936). Nothing must be left to inferen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S.W.2d 106", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_100/0106_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7ed42ff5e46ac6fe", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5388, "end": 5404, "quote": "132 Tex.Cr.R. 37", "context": ".W.2d 420 (1934); Gremillion v. State, 131 Tex.Cr.R. 492, 100 S.W.2d 106 (1936); Anderson v. State, 132 Tex.Cr.R. 37, 105 S.W.2d 258 (1936). Nothing must be left to inference or intendment. Selvidge v. State, 126 Tex", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 Tex. Crim. 37", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_132/0037_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0273211612ebcb54", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5406, "end": 5420, "quote": "105 S.W.2d 258", "context": "Gremillion v. State, 131 Tex.Cr.R. 492, 100 S.W.2d 106 (1936); Anderson v. State, 132 Tex.Cr.R. 37, 105 S.W.2d 258 (1936). Nothing must be left to inference or intendment. Selvidge v. State, 126 Tex.Cr.R. 489, 72 S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S.W.2d 258", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_105/0258_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8c3333686fd2622a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5497, "end": 5514, "quote": "126 Tex.Cr.R. 489", "context": "r.R. 37, 105 S.W.2d 258 (1936). Nothing must be left to inference or intendment. Selvidge v. State, 126 Tex.Cr.R. 489, 72 S.W.2d 1079 (1934). In fact, the sufficiency of the indictment cannot be aided by intendment. J", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "126 Tex. Crim. 489", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_126/0489_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1a69b71407adb662", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5516, "end": 5530, "quote": "72 S.W.2d 1079", "context": " 258 (1936). Nothing must be left to inference or intendment. Selvidge v. State, 126 Tex.Cr.R. 489, 72 S.W.2d 1079 (1934). In fact, the sufficiency of the indictment cannot be aided by intendment. Jones v. State, 1", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "72 S.W.2d 1079", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_72/1079_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d44f7107915b4ea4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5629, "end": 5646, "quote": "118 Tex.Cr.R. 106", "context": "9 (1934). In fact, the sufficiency of the indictment cannot be aided by intendment. Jones v. State, 118 Tex.Cr.R. 106, 38 S.W.2d 587 (1931). In Wimer v. State, 120 Tex.Cr.R. 576, 48 S.W.2d 296 (1932), it was held that", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "118 Tex. Crim. 106", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_118/0106_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1c30592ce6092f97", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5648, "end": 5661, "quote": "38 S.W.2d 587", "context": "the sufficiency of the indictment cannot be aided by intendment. Jones v. State, 118 Tex.Cr.R. 106, 38 S.W.2d 587 (1931). In Wimer v. State, 120 Tex.Cr.R. 576, 48 S.W.2d 296 (1932), it was held that all elements c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 S.W.2d 587", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_38/0587_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "27255a2f75e6da5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5689, "end": 5706, "quote": "120 Tex.Cr.R. 576", "context": "be aided by intendment. Jones v. State, 118 Tex.Cr.R. 106, 38 S.W.2d 587 (1931). In Wimer v. State, 120 Tex.Cr.R. 576, 48 S.W.2d 296 (1932), it was held that all elements constituting an offense must be sufficiently c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "120 Tex. Crim. 576", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_120/0576_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "11805a8613bea7fa", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5708, "end": 5721, "quote": "48 S.W.2d 296", "context": "ent. Jones v. State, 118 Tex.Cr.R. 106, 38 S.W.2d 587 (1931). In Wimer v. State, 120 Tex.Cr.R. 576, 48 S.W.2d 296 (1932), it was held that all elements constituting an offense must be sufficiently charged so as to", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "48 S.W.2d 296", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_48/0296_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54ea72f3eade5e52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 5930, "end": 5944, "quote": "14 Tex.App. 57", "context": "without intendment, the presumptively innocent man of the charges against him.\nIn Woolsey v. State, 14 Tex.App. 57 (1883), a question arose concerning the absence of the word “willful” in the indictment. There the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 White & W. 57", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "31c583c3ed07ba1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 6137, "end": 6143, "quote": "supra,", "context": "re the court wrote:\n“. . .As will be seen by reference to the article quoted [Art. 270, Penal Code] supra, the word ‘wilfully’ is the word used to characterize the acts intended to be prohibited by statute.", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d32b7a8b605ecab", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 6641, "end": 6655, "quote": "547 S.W.2d 610", "context": " an allegation does not supply the deficiency in the description.”\nOnly recently in Ailey v. State, 547 S.W.2d 610 (Tex.Cr.App.1977), we were confronted with a similar situation as in the case at bar. There the ind", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "547 S.W.2d 610", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_547/0610_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c8e426ed33e0784b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 6876, "end": 6883, "quote": "§ 43.05", "context": "compelling of prostitution of a person under the age of seventeen years under V.T.C.A., Penal Code, § 43.05, failed to allege “knowingly” a necessary element of that offense. In Alley we concluded that the i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba83cd08b00287d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 7272, "end": 7289, "quote": "150 Tex.Cr.R. 274", "context": "hat holding is consistent with the one reached on original submission. See also Wilkinson v. State, 150 Tex.Cr.R. 274, 200 S.W.2d 631 (1946), and cases there cited.\nThe State in its motion for rehearing calls attentio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "150 Tex. Crim. 274", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "07c162bc7c203e95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 7291, "end": 7305, "quote": "200 S.W.2d 631", "context": "istent with the one reached on original submission. See also Wilkinson v. State, 150 Tex.Cr.R. 274, 200 S.W.2d 631 (1946), and cases there cited.\nThe State in its motion for rehearing calls attention to Article 21.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "200 S.W.2d 631", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_200/0631_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d0850ef8851c0f85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 8016, "end": 8027, "quote": "37 Tex. 440", "context": "a constituent element of the offense, the word ‘unlawfully’ is not its equivalent. State v. Stalls, 37 Tex. 440; State v. Arnold, 39 Tex. 74; Tynes v. State, 17 [Tex.] App. [123] 126; Ham v. State, 118 Crim. [Te", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "37 Tex. 440", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "51d0966f0cfd59fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 8046, "end": 8056, "quote": "39 Tex. 74", "context": "ffense, the word ‘unlawfully’ is not its equivalent. State v. Stalls, 37 Tex. 440; State v. Arnold, 39 Tex. 74; Tynes v. State, 17 [Tex.] App. [123] 126; Ham v. State, 118 Crim. [Tex.Cr.R.] 271, 40 S.W.2d 152.”", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 Tex. 74", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cbd854f857cd338d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 8141, "end": 8154, "quote": "40 S.W.2d 152", "context": "old, 39 Tex. 74; Tynes v. State, 17 [Tex.] App. [123] 126; Ham v. State, 118 Crim. [Tex.Cr.R.] 271, 40 S.W.2d 152.” 1 Branch’s Ann.P.C., 2d ed., § 520, p. 499. See and cf. Woolsey v. State, supra.\nThe State’s cont", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 S.W.2d 152", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_40/0152_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3de687e461cd46cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 8186, "end": 8191, "quote": "§ 520", "context": "p. [123] 126; Ham v. State, 118 Crim. [Tex.Cr.R.] 271, 40 S.W.2d 152.” 1 Branch’s Ann.P.C., 2d ed., § 520, p. 499. See and cf. Woolsey v. State, supra.\nThe State’s contention is without merit.\nOf course, i", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0aa46b35849e09e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 8231, "end": 8237, "quote": "supra.", "context": ".R.] 271, 40 S.W.2d 152.” 1 Branch’s Ann.P.C., 2d ed., § 520, p. 499. See and cf. Woolsey v. State, supra.\nThe State’s contention is without merit.\nOf course, it is not necessary to use the exact language o", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15e76a83d92bd9e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 8418, "end": 8424, "quote": "supra,", "context": "he exact language of the statute defining the offense charged, but by its very terms Article 21.17, supra, requires that the substituted words must convey the same meaning or include the sense of the statut", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e86a468ef601852f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 8652, "end": 8658, "quote": "supra,", "context": "rule of common sense, but it has some limitations. As noted in the Annotations under Article 21.17, supra, n. # 1.\n“But if the statutory words be words of technical meaning, they cannot be substituted by ot", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "714894e4fda963a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 8980, "end": 8997, "quote": "61 Am.St.Rep. 833", "context": "oy v. State (1883) 14 Cr.R. [Tex.App.] 235; Cravey v. State (1896) 36 [Tex.] Cr.R. 90, 35 S.W, 658, 61 Am.St.Rep. 833; Chance v. State (1889) 27 [Tex.App.] Cr.R. 441, 11 S.W. 457.”\nV.T.C.A., Penal Code, § 6.03 (Defini", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 Am. St. Rep. 833", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f6ce0f7c32e25c0c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 9047, "end": 9058, "quote": "11 S.W. 457", "context": "36 [Tex.] Cr.R. 90, 35 S.W, 658, 61 Am.St.Rep. 833; Chance v. State (1889) 27 [Tex.App.] Cr.R. 441, 11 S.W. 457.”\nV.T.C.A., Penal Code, § 6.03 (Definitions of Culpable Mental States), provides in Subsection (b):", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "11 S.W. 457", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1bc4f439f2b37048", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 9083, "end": 9089, "quote": "§ 6.03", "context": "Am.St.Rep. 833; Chance v. State (1889) 27 [Tex.App.] Cr.R. 441, 11 S.W. 457.”\nV.T.C.A., Penal Code, § 6.03 (Definitions of Culpable Mental States), provides in Subsection (b):\n“A person acts knowingly, or w", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb21d40736914ff1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 10150, "end": 10156, "quote": "supra;", "context": "ement of the offense charged, that is the culpable mental state of “knowingly.” See Ailey v. State, supra; Huggins v. State, 544 S.W.2d 147 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Ex parte Garcia, 544 S.W.2d 432 (Tex.Cr.App.197", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2d34f705a845edc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 10175, "end": 10189, "quote": "544 S.W.2d 147", "context": "ged, that is the culpable mental state of “knowingly.” See Ailey v. State, supra; Huggins v. State, 544 S.W.2d 147 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Ex parte Garcia, 544 S.W.2d 432 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Hazel v. State, 534 S.W.2d 69", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "544 S.W.2d 147", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_544/0147_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "345f603dbacdabde", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 10226, "end": 10240, "quote": "544 S.W.2d 432", "context": "y.” See Ailey v. State, supra; Huggins v. State, 544 S.W.2d 147 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Ex parte Garcia, 544 S.W.2d 432 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Hazel v. State, 534 S.W.2d 698 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Price v. State, 523 S.W.2d 950", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "544 S.W.2d 432", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_544/0432_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4b0e284ea8ed906d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 10276, "end": 10290, "quote": "534 S.W.2d 698", "context": "44 S.W.2d 147 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Ex parte Garcia, 544 S.W.2d 432 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Hazel v. State, 534 S.W.2d 698 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Price v. State, 523 S.W.2d 950 (Tex.Cr.App.1975). See also Wilkinson v. State, s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "534 S.W.2d 698", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_534/0698_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dec63d838976af4b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 10326, "end": 10340, "quote": "523 S.W.2d 950", "context": "544 S.W.2d 432 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Hazel v. State, 534 S.W.2d 698 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Price v. State, 523 S.W.2d 950 (Tex.Cr.App.1975). See also Wilkinson v. State, supra, and cases there cited.\nThe State’s motion fo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "523 S.W.2d 950", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_523/0950_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fda6735729a5638e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 10389, "end": 10395, "quote": "supra,", "context": "8 (Tex.Cr.App.1976); Price v. State, 523 S.W.2d 950 (Tex.Cr.App.1975). See also Wilkinson v. State, supra, and cases there cited.\nThe State’s motion for rehearing is overruled.\nDOUGLAS, Judge,\ndissenting on", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "483a21f70e45b61d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 11453, "end": 11469, "quote": "Section 43.04(a)", "context": "ning, or which include the sense of the statutory words.” (Emphasis supplied)\nV.T.C.A., Penal Code, Section 43.04(a), provides:\n“A person commits an offense if he knowingly owns, invests in, finances, controls, super", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e5faa63d015beba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 12339, "end": 12345, "quote": "supra,", "context": "stitution enterprise was being conducted on the premises.\nThe majority in discussing Article 21.17, supra, which provides that the exact words in a statute do not have to be used in alleging an offense, giv", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a2c01cc7058b980e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 13106, "end": 13120, "quote": "564 S.W.2d 378", "context": "e a call girl operation using two prostitutes and not know what was going on.\nIn Dovalina v. State, 564 S.W.2d 378 (Tex.Cr.App.1978), this Court held that the allegation of “attempt” included “intent.” The words su", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "564 S.W.2d 378", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_564/0378_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1220dc3cc8868b3f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_563/0812_01/index.html", "start": 13619, "end": 13625, "quote": "supra.", "context": "rds conveying the same meaning, or which include the sense of statutory words” under Article 21.17, supra. The State’s motion for rehearing should be granted, and the judgment should be affirmed.\nVOLLERS an", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "feb8983443a47616", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 4177, "end": 4191, "quote": "619 S.W.2d 400", "context": "e evidence and inferences which are contrary to the finding. Glover v. Texas General Indemnity Co., 619 S.W.2d 400 (Tex.1981); Renfro Drug Co. v. Lewis, 149 Tex. 507, 235 S.W.2d 609 (Tex.1950); Cartwright v. Canode", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "619 S.W.2d 400", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_619/0400_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0b3bc1107242e42b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 4230, "end": 4242, "quote": "149 Tex. 507", "context": "inding. Glover v. Texas General Indemnity Co., 619 S.W.2d 400 (Tex.1981); Renfro Drug Co. v. Lewis, 149 Tex. 507, 235 S.W.2d 609 (Tex.1950); Cartwright v. Canode, 106 Tex. 502, 171 S.W. 696 (Tex.1914).\nIn reviewi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "149 Tex. 507", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_149/0507_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d5e9defc7406c250", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 4244, "end": 4258, "quote": "235 S.W.2d 609", "context": " v. Texas General Indemnity Co., 619 S.W.2d 400 (Tex.1981); Renfro Drug Co. v. Lewis, 149 Tex. 507, 235 S.W.2d 609 (Tex.1950); Cartwright v. Canode, 106 Tex. 502, 171 S.W. 696 (Tex.1914).\nIn reviewing the record, i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "235 S.W.2d 609", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_235/0609_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e65b54773a58471", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 4293, "end": 4305, "quote": "106 Tex. 502", "context": "Tex.1981); Renfro Drug Co. v. Lewis, 149 Tex. 507, 235 S.W.2d 609 (Tex.1950); Cartwright v. Canode, 106 Tex. 502, 171 S.W. 696 (Tex.1914).\nIn reviewing the record, in regard to appellant’s contention that the evi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 Tex. 502", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_106/0502_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2fb90ebf5ad1310e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 4307, "end": 4319, "quote": "171 S.W. 696", "context": "fro Drug Co. v. Lewis, 149 Tex. 507, 235 S.W.2d 609 (Tex.1950); Cartwright v. Canode, 106 Tex. 502, 171 S.W. 696 (Tex.1914).\nIn reviewing the record, in regard to appellant’s contention that the evidence is factu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "171 S.W. 696", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3aa8d0231ff29952", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 4844, "end": 4858, "quote": "395 S.W.2d 821", "context": "e record contains some evidence of probative force in support of the jury finding. Garza v. Alviar, 395 S.W.2d 821 (Tex.1965); In re King’s Estate, 150 Tex. 662, 244 S.W.2d 660 (Tex.1951).\nHowever, before we can de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "395 S.W.2d 821", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_395/0821_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "158a829d0d231451", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 4892, "end": 4904, "quote": "150 Tex. 662", "context": "ce in support of the jury finding. Garza v. Alviar, 395 S.W.2d 821 (Tex.1965); In re King’s Estate, 150 Tex. 662, 244 S.W.2d 660 (Tex.1951).\nHowever, before we can determine whether the evidence is legally or fac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "150 Tex. 662", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_150/0662_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a01cc3a8fbb677ba", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 4906, "end": 4920, "quote": "244 S.W.2d 660", "context": "of the jury finding. Garza v. Alviar, 395 S.W.2d 821 (Tex.1965); In re King’s Estate, 150 Tex. 662, 244 S.W.2d 660 (Tex.1951).\nHowever, before we can determine whether the evidence is legally or factually sufficien", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "244 S.W.2d 660", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_244/0660_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3a385961606555f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 5369, "end": 5382, "quote": "604 S.W.2d 73", "context": " time and place of the actual conversion, with legal interest. Imperial Sugar Co., Inc. v. Torrans, 604 S.W.2d 73 (Tex.1980); American Surety Co. of New York v. Thompson, 38 S.W.2d 576 (Tex.1981); Tucker v. Hamlin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "604 S.W.2d 73", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_604/0073_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a003a9217ed8a4cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 5440, "end": 5453, "quote": "38 S.W.2d 576", "context": " Sugar Co., Inc. v. Torrans, 604 S.W.2d 73 (Tex.1980); American Surety Co. of New York v. Thompson, 38 S.W.2d 576 (Tex.1981); Tucker v. Hamlin, 60 Tex. 171 (1883). But, when the property, because of its very natur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 S.W.2d 576", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_38/0576_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "87b47958b2116b5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 5484, "end": 5495, "quote": "60 Tex. 171", "context": "Tex.1980); American Surety Co. of New York v. Thompson, 38 S.W.2d 576 (Tex.1981); Tucker v. Hamlin, 60 Tex. 171 (1883). But, when the property, because of its very nature, has no readily ascertainable fair marke", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "60 Tex. 171", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_60/0171_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3332006500cbee8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 5743, "end": 5757, "quote": "369 S.W.2d 326", "context": "lue of the property to the owner at the time of its loss. Crisp v. Security National Insurance Co., 369 S.W.2d 326 (Tex.1963); American Transfer & Storage Co. v. Reichley, 560 S.W.2d 196 (Tex.Civ.App.1977, writ ref", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "369 S.W.2d 326", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_369/0326_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4d81e3889c4427bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 5815, "end": 5829, "quote": "560 S.W.2d 196", "context": "ity National Insurance Co., 369 S.W.2d 326 (Tex.1963); American Transfer & Storage Co. v. Reichley, 560 S.W.2d 196 (Tex.Civ.App.1977, writ ref’d n.r.e.). This “actual value” measure of damages has been previously e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "560 S.W.2d 196", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_560/0196_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bcf0c1fc7582fa88", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 6068, "end": 6081, "quote": "71 S.W.2d 549", "context": "determining the value of furniture and equipment used in the operation of a hotel, Wutke v. Yolton, 71 S.W.2d 549 (Tex.Civ.App.1934, writ ref’d); in determining the value of furniture and equipment used in the ope", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "71 S.W.2d 549", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_71/0549_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "07d888c92b811946", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 6221, "end": 6235, "quote": "399 S.W.2d 428", "context": "rmining the value of furniture and equipment used in the operation of a tavern, Eisemann v. Emmons, 399 S.W.2d 428 (Tex.Civ.App.1965, no writ); and in determining the value of furniture, equipment, and supplies use", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "399 S.W.2d 428", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_399/0428_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5504052892737064", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 6391, "end": 6405, "quote": "559 S.W.2d 864", "context": "ue of furniture, equipment, and supplies used in the operation of a restaurant, Wright v. Gernandt, 559 S.W.2d 864 (Tex.Civ.App.1977, no writ), against the contention that the proper measure of damages should be th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "559 S.W.2d 864", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_559/0864_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1c628c0666458212", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 7503, "end": 7517, "quote": "601 S.W.2d 161", "context": "sustain a verdict when there is no controverting evidence.” (emphasis added) Espinosa v. Schomberg, 601 S.W.2d 161, 164 (Tex.Civ.App.1980, writ ref’d n.r.e.); see also Allstate Insurance Co. v. Chance, 590 S.W.2d 7", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "601 S.W.2d 161", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_601/0161_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4cb94e31885fd162", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 7605, "end": 7619, "quote": "590 S.W.2d 703", "context": "1 S.W.2d 161, 164 (Tex.Civ.App.1980, writ ref’d n.r.e.); see also Allstate Insurance Co. v. Chance, 590 S.W.2d 703 (Tex.1979); Conann Constructors, Inc. v. Muller, 618 S.W.2d 564 (Tex.Civ.App.1981, writ ref’d n.r.e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "590 S.W.2d 703", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_590/0703_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "076f9854ff6f052a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 7669, "end": 7683, "quote": "618 S.W.2d 564", "context": "o Allstate Insurance Co. v. Chance, 590 S.W.2d 703 (Tex.1979); Conann Constructors, Inc. v. Muller, 618 S.W.2d 564 (Tex.Civ.App.1981, writ ref’d n.r.e.).\nIn reviewing the record, we find that it is uncontested that", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "618 S.W.2d 564", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_618/0564_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7edd0cd082c182ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 9426, "end": 9431, "quote": "§ 100", "context": "had a value of $6,500 when illegally taken by appellant. See Ray, Law of Evidence, 3rd ed., vol. 1, § 100, p. 156-59 (1980) (authorities therein) (When evidence is in sole control of a party, and that part", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b0c74e24f215ad43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 11549, "end": 11561, "quote": "158 Tex. 466", "context": "new trial on appel-lee’s remittitur of her exemplary damage award. Gulf, C. & S.F. Ry. Co. v. Deen, 158 Tex. 466, 312 S.W.2d 933 (Tex.1958); Union Carbide Corp. v. Burton, 618 S.W.2d 410 (Tex.Civ.App.1981, writ r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "158 Tex. 466", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_158/0466_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5eb30bc82115b740", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 11563, "end": 11577, "quote": "312 S.W.2d 933", "context": "ppel-lee’s remittitur of her exemplary damage award. Gulf, C. & S.F. Ry. Co. v. Deen, 158 Tex. 466, 312 S.W.2d 933 (Tex.1958); Union Carbide Corp. v. Burton, 618 S.W.2d 410 (Tex.Civ.App.1981, writ ref’d n.r.e.). Th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "312 S.W.2d 933", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_312/0933_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "52bb2c364d54d7af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 11621, "end": 11635, "quote": "618 S.W.2d 410", "context": " C. & S.F. Ry. Co. v. Deen, 158 Tex. 466, 312 S.W.2d 933 (Tex.1958); Union Carbide Corp. v. Burton, 618 S.W.2d 410 (Tex.Civ.App.1981, writ ref’d n.r.e.). The only matter to be determined is whether the trial court’", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "618 S.W.2d 410", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_618/0410_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8e33b2dba29b2d5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 11847, "end": 11859, "quote": "159 Tex. 598", "context": " ordering the re-mittitur, is “manifestly unjust.”\nThe Texas Supreme Court in Flanigan v. Carswell, 159 Tex. 598, 324 S.W.2d 835, 840—41 (Tex.1959) stated:\nThe Court of Civil Appeals, in passing upon the action u", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "159 Tex. 598", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_159/0598_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2d4aa9dc0958b3c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 11861, "end": 11875, "quote": "324 S.W.2d 835", "context": "re-mittitur, is “manifestly unjust.”\nThe Texas Supreme Court in Flanigan v. Carswell, 159 Tex. 598, 324 S.W.2d 835, 840—41 (Tex.1959) stated:\nThe Court of Civil Appeals, in passing upon the action under rule 328 [r", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "324 S.W.2d 835", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_324/0835_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fad96106a4e38b4f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 15080, "end": 15092, "quote": "158 Tex. 521", "context": "ry and use the punishment as an example to deter others from committing like acts. Bernal v. Seitt, 158 Tex. 521, 313 S.W.2d 520 (Tex.1958); Cotton v. Cooper, 209 S.W. 135 (Tex.1919); Courtesy Pontiac, Inc. v. Ra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "158 Tex. 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_158/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aadc0ce32d3ba9c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 15094, "end": 15108, "quote": "313 S.W.2d 520", "context": " punishment as an example to deter others from committing like acts. Bernal v. Seitt, 158 Tex. 521, 313 S.W.2d 520 (Tex.1958); Cotton v. Cooper, 209 S.W. 135 (Tex.1919); Courtesy Pontiac, Inc. v. Ragsdale, 532 S.W.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "313 S.W.2d 520", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_313/0520_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "01513024c34a3192", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 15139, "end": 15151, "quote": "209 S.W. 135", "context": "m committing like acts. Bernal v. Seitt, 158 Tex. 521, 313 S.W.2d 520 (Tex.1958); Cotton v. Cooper, 209 S.W. 135 (Tex.1919); Courtesy Pontiac, Inc. v. Ragsdale, 532 S.W.2d 118 (Tex.Civ.App.1975, writ ref’d n.r.e.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "209 S.W. 135", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c1f36598a5df25a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 15200, "end": 15214, "quote": "532 S.W.2d 118", "context": "W.2d 520 (Tex.1958); Cotton v. Cooper, 209 S.W. 135 (Tex.1919); Courtesy Pontiac, Inc. v. Ragsdale, 532 S.W.2d 118 (Tex.Civ.App.1975, writ ref’d n.r.e.); Prosser, Law of Torts, 4th ed., ch. 1, § 2, p. 9 (1971). We ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "532 S.W.2d 118", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_532/0118_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "47e0d7baa14a8ecb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 15293, "end": 15296, "quote": "§ 2", "context": "sdale, 532 S.W.2d 118 (Tex.Civ.App.1975, writ ref’d n.r.e.); Prosser, Law of Torts, 4th ed., ch. 1, § 2, p. 9 (1971). We hold that the exemplary damages found by the jury, are reasonably calculated to pu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "47d93fb40ac038a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 15853, "end": 15867, "quote": "616 S.W.2d 908", "context": "ined by appellee, as found by the jury in their award of actual damages. Alamo Natl. Bank v. Kraus, 616 S.W.2d 908 (Tex.1981); Tynberg v. Cohen, 76 Tex. 409, 13 S.W. 315 (Tex.1890); Crutcher-Rolfs-Cummings, Inc. v.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "616 S.W.2d 908", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_616/0908_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d1db29007f8e8327", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 15898, "end": 15909, "quote": "76 Tex. 409", "context": "ir award of actual damages. Alamo Natl. Bank v. Kraus, 616 S.W.2d 908 (Tex.1981); Tynberg v. Cohen, 76 Tex. 409, 13 S.W. 315 (Tex.1890); Crutcher-Rolfs-Cummings, Inc. v. Ballard, 540 S.W.2d 380 (Tex.Civ.App.1976", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "76 Tex. 409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_76/0409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "10d385a6d96ed78c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 15911, "end": 15922, "quote": "13 S.W. 315", "context": "ctual damages. Alamo Natl. Bank v. Kraus, 616 S.W.2d 908 (Tex.1981); Tynberg v. Cohen, 76 Tex. 409, 13 S.W. 315 (Tex.1890); Crutcher-Rolfs-Cummings, Inc. v. Ballard, 540 S.W.2d 380 (Tex.Civ.App.1976, writ ref’d ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 S.W. 315", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d984800b94892a2e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 15977, "end": 15991, "quote": "540 S.W.2d 380", "context": "); Tynberg v. Cohen, 76 Tex. 409, 13 S.W. 315 (Tex.1890); Crutcher-Rolfs-Cummings, Inc. v. Ballard, 540 S.W.2d 380 (Tex.Civ.App.1976, writ ref’d n.r.e.), cert. denied, 433 U.S. 910, 97 S.Ct. 2978, 53 L.Ed.2d 1095 (", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "540 S.W.2d 380", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_540/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c38090d0ba17f0a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 16045, "end": 16057, "quote": "433 U.S. 910", "context": "olfs-Cummings, Inc. v. Ballard, 540 S.W.2d 380 (Tex.Civ.App.1976, writ ref’d n.r.e.), cert. denied, 433 U.S. 910, 97 S.Ct. 2978, 53 L.Ed.2d 1095 (1977). In reviewing the respective jury awards, we hold that the j", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "433 U.S. 910", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2064aa722dae136c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 16059, "end": 16072, "quote": "97 S.Ct. 2978", "context": " Inc. v. Ballard, 540 S.W.2d 380 (Tex.Civ.App.1976, writ ref’d n.r.e.), cert. denied, 433 U.S. 910, 97 S.Ct. 2978, 53 L.Ed.2d 1095 (1977). In reviewing the respective jury awards, we hold that the jury’s award of ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S. Ct. 2978", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4e41c504530077a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 16074, "end": 16089, "quote": "53 L.Ed.2d 1095", "context": "d, 540 S.W.2d 380 (Tex.Civ.App.1976, writ ref’d n.r.e.), cert. denied, 433 U.S. 910, 97 S.Ct. 2978, 53 L.Ed.2d 1095 (1977). In reviewing the respective jury awards, we hold that the jury’s award of exemplary damages", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 L. Ed. 2d 1095", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbafde0c4722c3fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 17397, "end": 17411, "quote": "368 S.W.2d 199", "context": "so object to its submission. Tex.R.Civ.P.Ann. 274, 279 (1979); Employment Advisors, Inc. v. Sparks, 368 S.W.2d 199 (Tex.1963); McCreless Properties, LTD. v. F.W. Woolworth Co., 533 S.W.2d 863 (Tex.Civ.App.1976, wri", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "368 S.W.2d 199", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_368/0199_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e441a63c130b1e1a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_649/0780_01/index.html", "start": 17474, "end": 17488, "quote": "533 S.W.2d 863", "context": "isors, Inc. v. Sparks, 368 S.W.2d 199 (Tex.1963); McCreless Properties, LTD. v. F.W. Woolworth Co., 533 S.W.2d 863 (Tex.Civ.App.1976, writ ref’d n.r.e.).\n. Exemplary damages were defined in the trial court’s charge", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "533 S.W.2d 863", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_533/0863_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b318dc030e90b49e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 666, "end": 680, "quote": "699 S.W.2d 209", "context": " 325th District Court is the court of continuing, exclusive jurisdiction, see Alexander v. Russell, 699 S.W.2d 209 (Tex.1985); and 2) that the 360th District Court’s contempt order is void because he was indigent a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "699 S.W.2d 209", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_699/0209_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f0a79d0b74e47b5c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 933, "end": 947, "quote": "710 S.W.2d 948", "context": "ed to advise him of his right to have a court-appointed attorney represent him, see Ex parte Lopez, 710 S.W.2d 948, 954 (Tex.App.—San Antonio 1986, no writ); Ex parte Hamill, 718 S.W.2d 78 (Tex.App.—Fort Worth, 198", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "710 S.W.2d 948", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_710/0948_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "08a0b8aba437a241", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 1008, "end": 1021, "quote": "718 S.W.2d 78", "context": "him, see Ex parte Lopez, 710 S.W.2d 948, 954 (Tex.App.—San Antonio 1986, no writ); Ex parte Hamill, 718 S.W.2d 78 (Tex.App.—Fort Worth, 1986).\nThe relief sought in this writ is denied.\nThe petition for divorce sou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "718 S.W.2d 78", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_718/0078_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e271c97fccc77c3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 1448, "end": 1461, "quote": "section 11.06", "context": "ct Court of Tarrant County. Relator claims the order to transfer was not properly made according to section 11.06 of the Texas Family Code and, therefore, the 325th District Court is still the court with continuin", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7c205b318ef89e00", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 1667, "end": 1680, "quote": "section 11.05", "context": "lusive jurisdiction in this case. See TEX.FAM.CODE ANN. sec. 11.06 (Vernon 1986).\nTexas Family Code section 11.05 explains how a court acquires continuing, exclusive jurisdiction of a case as follows:\n(e) A court ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "780a3e084a462784", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3237, "end": 3254, "quote": "710 S.W.2d at 954", "context": "s right to counsel, and had not knowingly and intelligently waived his right of counsel. See Lopez, 710 S.W.2d at 954. The court could not, then, impose imprisonment as punishment for disobeying a child support order ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "710 S.W.2d 948", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_710/0948_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f50e5efce6012750", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3413, "end": 3416, "quote": "id.", "context": "ent for disobeying a child support order without violating his constitutional right to counsel. See id.\nThe law governing an indigent’s right to court appointed counsel in a contempt hearing for failure ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "710 S.W.2d 948", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_710/0948_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "90b9459a8891ef72", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3571, "end": 3584, "quote": "718 S.W.2d 78", "context": "ed counsel in a contempt hearing for failure to pay child support is summarized in Ex parte Hamill, 718 S.W.2d 78 (Tex.App.—Fort Worth, 1986). That opinion states:\nThe United States Constitution’s fourteenth amend", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "718 S.W.2d 78", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_718/0078_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "89b178f2c5757ff7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 3844, "end": 3857, "quote": "720 F.2d 1409", "context": "nt assurance that the accused in a criminal prosecution has the right to counsel. Ridgway v. Baker, 720 F.2d 1409, 1413 (5th Cir.1983). This imposes a duty on the state to provide counsel to a person accused who, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "720 F.2d 1409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_720/1409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bebf59f4a2b81871", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4003, "end": 4006, "quote": "Id.", "context": "the state to provide counsel to a person accused who, because of indigency, cannot afford a lawyer. Id. This right turns on whether deprivation of liberty may result from a proceeding, not upon its chara", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "720 F.2d 1409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_720/1409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c56d16ed3ef1d4eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4144, "end": 4147, "quote": "Id.", "context": "on of liberty may result from a proceeding, not upon its characterization as “criminal” or “civil.” Id. Therefore, the defendant in a child support contempt proceeding is entitled to the appointment of c", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "720 F.2d 1409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_720/1409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0ecd79d22c0292a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4255, "end": 4266, "quote": "Id. at 1415", "context": "re, the defendant in a child support contempt proceeding is entitled to the appointment of counsel. Id. at 1415; Henkel v. Bradshaw, 483 F.2d 1386 (9th Cir.1973). The United States Supreme Court has held that su", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "720 F.2d 1409", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_720/1409_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9031a82d179c4658", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4288, "end": 4301, "quote": "483 F.2d 1386", "context": "ort contempt proceeding is entitled to the appointment of counsel. Id. at 1415; Henkel v. Bradshaw, 483 F.2d 1386 (9th Cir.1973). The United States Supreme Court has held that such right is dependent on the contem", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "483 F.2d 1386", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_483/1386_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ae73a484d3cbf039", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4485, "end": 4497, "quote": "440 U.S. 367", "context": "nt on the contempt defendant actually being sentenced to a term of imprisonment. Scott v. Illinois, 440 U.S. 367, 373-74, 99 S.Ct. 1158, 1162, 59 L.Ed.2d 383, 389 (1979).\nEx parte Hamill, 718 S.W.2d at 78. It is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "440 U.S. 367", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8bdea3a3c7b744c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4507, "end": 4520, "quote": "99 S.Ct. 1158", "context": "endant actually being sentenced to a term of imprisonment. Scott v. Illinois, 440 U.S. 367, 373-74, 99 S.Ct. 1158, 1162, 59 L.Ed.2d 383, 389 (1979).\nEx parte Hamill, 718 S.W.2d at 78. It is now clear that, if rela", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "99 S. Ct. 1158", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bd1707681c1ea700", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4528, "end": 4542, "quote": "59 L.Ed.2d 383", "context": " sentenced to a term of imprisonment. Scott v. Illinois, 440 U.S. 367, 373-74, 99 S.Ct. 1158, 1162, 59 L.Ed.2d 383, 389 (1979).\nEx parte Hamill, 718 S.W.2d at 78. It is now clear that, if relator was indigent at th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "59 L. Ed. 2d 383", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "857ac1a8bdef1a12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4573, "end": 4589, "quote": "718 S.W.2d at 78", "context": ". Illinois, 440 U.S. 367, 373-74, 99 S.Ct. 1158, 1162, 59 L.Ed.2d 383, 389 (1979).\nEx parte Hamill, 718 S.W.2d at 78. It is now clear that, if relator was indigent at the time of the contempt hearing, the contempt or", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "718 S.W.2d 78", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_718/0078_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e83ec8b8ad54587f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4752, "end": 4755, "quote": "id.", "context": "the contempt hearing, the contempt order sentencing him to imprisonment for six months is void; See id.; Lopez, 710 S.W.2d at 954.\nThe record from the contempt hearing clearly indicates that the relator ", "category": "id", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c7c88d4ea2272af7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_721/0592_01/index.html", "start": 4764, "end": 4781, "quote": "710 S.W.2d at 954", "context": " hearing, the contempt order sentencing him to imprisonment for six months is void; See id.; Lopez, 710 S.W.2d at 954.\nThe record from the contempt hearing clearly indicates that the relator was not indigent at the ti", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "710 S.W.2d 948", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_710/0948_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1991382218c2a5ee", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 1962, "end": 1976, "quote": "721 S.W.2d 865", "context": "default judgment case; it is a case pursuant to Tex.R.Civ.P.Ann. 215 (Supp.1987). Woodruff v. Cook, 721 S.W.2d 865, 871 (Tex.App.1986, writ ref’d n.r.e.). If a party does not timely answer or object to Rule 168 int", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "721 S.W.2d 865", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_721/0865_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "44f127d5e32c7bd5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 2573, "end": 2587, "quote": "701 S.W.2d 238", "context": "ot be overturned unless there is a clear abuse of discretion. Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238 (Tex.1985); cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1159, 106 S.Ct. 2279, 90 L.Ed.2d 721 (1986). The test for abuse ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "701 S.W.2d 238", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_701/0238_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "978f7651a8d104a9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 2614, "end": 2627, "quote": "476 U.S. 1159", "context": "abuse of discretion. Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238 (Tex.1985); cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1159, 106 S.Ct. 2279, 90 L.Ed.2d 721 (1986). The test for abuse of discretion is not whether, in the opi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "476 U.S. 1159", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6c597e412f22d81c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 2629, "end": 2643, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2279", "context": "tion. Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238 (Tex.1985); cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1159, 106 S.Ct. 2279, 90 L.Ed.2d 721 (1986). The test for abuse of discretion is not whether, in the opinion of the revi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2279", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d3bfab62347a8e78", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 2645, "end": 2659, "quote": "90 L.Ed.2d 721", "context": "Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238 (Tex.1985); cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1159, 106 S.Ct. 2279, 90 L.Ed.2d 721 (1986). The test for abuse of discretion is not whether, in the opinion of the reviewing court, the", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 L. Ed. 2d 721", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "589a3287f2564422", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 2985, "end": 3000, "quote": "Id., at 241-242", "context": "erence to any guiding rules and principals, that is, whether the act was arbitrary or unreasonable. Id., at 241-242; see generally, Kilgarlin & Jackson, Sanctions for Discovery Abuse under New Rule 215, 15 St. Mary’", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "631134c81277e414", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 3437, "end": 3454, "quote": "701 S.W.2d at 241", "context": "dered the entire record before it, up to and including the hearing on motion for new trial. Downer, 701 S.W.2d at 241; Woodruff, 721 S.W.2d at 868.\nAs stated previously, appellant did not appear at the hearing on the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "701 S.W.2d 238", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_701/0238_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "beac2ffe1c807293", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 3466, "end": 3483, "quote": "721 S.W.2d at 868", "context": "e it, up to and including the hearing on motion for new trial. Downer, 701 S.W.2d at 241; Woodruff, 721 S.W.2d at 868.\nAs stated previously, appellant did not appear at the hearing on the motion for sanctions. Althoug", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "721 S.W.2d 865", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_721/0865_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1eb1f8bd72a4ca4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 5737, "end": 5751, "quote": "582 S.W.2d 242", "context": "e prepared and had been mailed prior to the hearing. See Illinois Emp. Ins. Co. of Wausau v. Lewis, 582 S.W.2d 242 (Tex.Civ.App.), writ ref’d n.r.e., 590 S.W.2d 119 (Tex.1979). Furthermore, in the absence of a stat", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "582 S.W.2d 242", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_582/0242_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "41d7556f6652ba35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 5787, "end": 5801, "quote": "590 S.W.2d 119", "context": "g. See Illinois Emp. Ins. Co. of Wausau v. Lewis, 582 S.W.2d 242 (Tex.Civ.App.), writ ref’d n.r.e., 590 S.W.2d 119 (Tex.1979). Furthermore, in the absence of a statement of facts, this Court must presume that any e", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "590 S.W.2d 119", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_590/0119_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ad6ddfa4c8e6d919", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 6027, "end": 6041, "quote": "394 S.W.2d 494", "context": "ring on the motion for new trial supports the trial court’s order. Guthrie v. National Homes Corp., 394 S.W.2d 494 (Tex.1965). Accordingly, this Court concludes that the district court did not abuse its discretion.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "394 S.W.2d 494", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_394/0494_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cd76f3e5379d7d69", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 6325, "end": 6339, "quote": "581 S.W.2d 789", "context": " imposed was punitive and, therefore, too harsh. Appellant relies on Phillips v. Vinson Supply Co., 581 S.W.2d 789 (Tex. Civ.App.1979, no writ), in which the court stated that the purpose of discovery sanctions is ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "581 S.W.2d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_581/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2a5811caac0a0ea9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 6515, "end": 6526, "quote": "Id., at 792", "context": " discovery sanctions is not to punish a party, but to secure compliance with the discovery process. Id., at 792. In Southern Pacific Transportation Co. v. Evans, 590 S.W.2d 515 (Tex.Civ. App.1979, writ ref’d n.r", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "581 S.W.2d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_581/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7d1897f1b2eda49e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 6577, "end": 6591, "quote": "590 S.W.2d 515", "context": "ompliance with the discovery process. Id., at 792. In Southern Pacific Transportation Co. v. Evans, 590 S.W.2d 515 (Tex.Civ. App.1979, writ ref’d n.r.e.) cert. denied 449 U.S. 994, 101 S.Ct. 531, 66 L.Ed.2d 291 (19", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "590 S.W.2d 515", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_590/0515_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2beac0a22fc4adf2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 6644, "end": 6656, "quote": "449 U.S. 994", "context": "fic Transportation Co. v. Evans, 590 S.W.2d 515 (Tex.Civ. App.1979, writ ref’d n.r.e.) cert. denied 449 U.S. 994, 101 S.Ct. 531, 66 L.Ed.2d 291 (1980), however, the court recognized the deterence of violations of", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "449 U.S. 994", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "06a521c8aeba6b6f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 6658, "end": 6671, "quote": "101 S.Ct. 531", "context": "tion Co. v. Evans, 590 S.W.2d 515 (Tex.Civ. App.1979, writ ref’d n.r.e.) cert. denied 449 U.S. 994, 101 S.Ct. 531, 66 L.Ed.2d 291 (1980), however, the court recognized the deterence of violations of the rules by o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S. Ct. 531", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "40cfc56ad5b24a8a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 6673, "end": 6687, "quote": "66 L.Ed.2d 291", "context": "ns, 590 S.W.2d 515 (Tex.Civ. App.1979, writ ref’d n.r.e.) cert. denied 449 U.S. 994, 101 S.Ct. 531, 66 L.Ed.2d 291 (1980), however, the court recognized the deterence of violations of the rules by other litigants a", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 L. Ed. 2d 291", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b747112a0932df98", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 6949, "end": 6960, "quote": "Id., at 518", "context": "nciple, eventual compliance with a discovery request does not preclude the imposition of sanctions. Id., at 518. The Supreme Court has, in fact, recently clarified the purpose of sanctions as not only to assure ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e290a3037d4ff591", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 7253, "end": 7267, "quote": "721 S.W.2d 839", "context": " the process and to punish parties that violate the discovery rules. Bodnow Corp. v. City of Hondo, 721 S.W.2d 839 (Tex.1986); Downer, 701 S.W.2d at 242; see also Kil-garlin, supra, at 770-75. Accordingly, this Cou", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "721 S.W.2d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_721/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "73ac93b9745c7d5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 7288, "end": 7305, "quote": "701 S.W.2d at 242", "context": "that violate the discovery rules. Bodnow Corp. v. City of Hondo, 721 S.W.2d 839 (Tex.1986); Downer, 701 S.W.2d at 242; see also Kil-garlin, supra, at 770-75. Accordingly, this Court finds no merit in appellant’s argum", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "701 S.W.2d 238", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_701/0238_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "167003cf059c9ddf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 7328, "end": 7344, "quote": "supra, at 770-75", "context": " Corp. v. City of Hondo, 721 S.W.2d 839 (Tex.1986); Downer, 701 S.W.2d at 242; see also Kil-garlin, supra, at 770-75. Accordingly, this Court finds no merit in appellant’s argument.\nAlthough the sanction imposed may ", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8dead286ac73e46f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 7784, "end": 7798, "quote": "680 S.W.2d 867", "context": "ourt to strike appellant’s answer and enter a default judgment. Rule 215; City of Houston v. Arney, 680 S.W.2d 867, 872 (Tex.App.1984, no writ). The choice of the appropriate sanction is for the trial court and it ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "680 S.W.2d 867", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_680/0867_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "110a059e35085860", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 7999, "end": 8013, "quote": "721 S.W.2d 382", "context": "ill not be overturned unless there is a clear abuse of discretion. Medical Protective Co. v. Glanz, 721 S.W.2d 382 (Tex.App.1986, writ ref’d). We conclude that there has not been such an abuse.\nWe overrule appellan", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "721 S.W.2d 382", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_721/0382_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1623c12d5b178426", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 8825, "end": 8839, "quote": "701 S.W.2d 238", "context": "ions of the trial court were \"... arbitrary or unreasonable.” Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238, 241-42 (Tex. 1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1159,106 S.Ct. 2279, 90 L.Ed.2d 721 (1986).\nIn reviewin", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "701 S.W.2d 238", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_701/0238_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7f431d14f3459595", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 8875, "end": 8888, "quote": "476 U.S. 1159", "context": "easonable.” Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238, 241-42 (Tex. 1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1159,106 S.Ct. 2279, 90 L.Ed.2d 721 (1986).\nIn reviewing the reasonableness of the trial court’s decisio", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "476 U.S. 1159", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0e850b61ddf17cd1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 8889, "end": 8903, "quote": "106 S.Ct. 2279", "context": "wner v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238, 241-42 (Tex. 1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1159,106 S.Ct. 2279, 90 L.Ed.2d 721 (1986).\nIn reviewing the reasonableness of the trial court’s decision we will first", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S. Ct. 2279", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "67ca279b2b397053", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 8905, "end": 8919, "quote": "90 L.Ed.2d 721", "context": "ne Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238, 241-42 (Tex. 1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1159,106 S.Ct. 2279, 90 L.Ed.2d 721 (1986).\nIn reviewing the reasonableness of the trial court’s decision we will first review the chro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 L. Ed. 2d 721", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54554633659308a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 10434, "end": 10446, "quote": "156 Tex. 176", "context": "83). The penalty should only be imposed where clearly authorized. Sears & Roebuck v. Hollingsworth, 156 Tex. 176, 293 S.W.2d 639, 642 (1956). In those cases where striking of the pleadings has been upheld, the fa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "156 Tex. 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_156/0176_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "49f9a82fc178b676", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 10448, "end": 10462, "quote": "293 S.W.2d 639", "context": "ty should only be imposed where clearly authorized. Sears & Roebuck v. Hollingsworth, 156 Tex. 176, 293 S.W.2d 639, 642 (1956). In those cases where striking of the pleadings has been upheld, the fact situations ar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "293 S.W.2d 639", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_293/0639_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "adebd378ded96870", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 10639, "end": 10653, "quote": "547 S.W.2d 671", "context": " the fact situations are uniformly far more egregious than in the case at bar.\nIn Pena v. Williams, 547 S.W.2d 671 (Tex.Civ.App.1977, no writ), appellees brought suit to cancel a written lease agreement. Appellant ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "547 S.W.2d 671", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_547/0671_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e7b96e8ca4d531f9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 11092, "end": 11102, "quote": "Id. at 673", "context": "pellant was given an opportunity after each hearing to complete his answers to the interrogatories. Id. at 673. In Pena the case went to trial and appellant still had the opportunity to cross-examine appel-lees", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "547 S.W.2d 671", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_547/0671_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f3d88fd85be4407", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 11623, "end": 11637, "quote": "581 S.W.2d 789", "context": "judgment on the merits for failure to comply with a discovery order. Phillips v. Vinson Supply Co., 581 S.W.2d 789, 792 (Tex.Civ.App. 1979, no writ). For instance, in Rainwater v. Haddox, 544 S.W.2d 729, 730 (Tex.C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "581 S.W.2d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_581/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "da172a088182cc8b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 11711, "end": 11725, "quote": "544 S.W.2d 729", "context": "Supply Co., 581 S.W.2d 789, 792 (Tex.Civ.App. 1979, no writ). For instance, in Rainwater v. Haddox, 544 S.W.2d 729, 730 (Tex.Civ. App.1976, no writ), the trial court struck defendant’s answer and rendered default j", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "544 S.W.2d 729", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_544/0729_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6256302c76698bb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_741/0221_01/index.html", "start": 12029, "end": 12043, "quote": "680 S.W.2d 867", "context": "el answers to the interrogatories for another two and one-half months. In City of Houston v. Arney, 680 S.W.2d 867, 870 (Tex.App.1984, no writ), the City’s pleadings were struck and an interlocutory default judgmen", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "680 S.W.2d 867", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_680/0867_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ca168e12be59636e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_757/0048_01/index.html", "start": 2763, "end": 2777, "quote": "450 S.W.2d 827", "context": "or more of the essential elements of the plaintiffs cause of action. Gibbs v. General Motors Corp., 450 S.W.2d 827, 828 (Tex.1970). The burden of summary judgment proof is always on the movant, and all reasonable d", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "450 S.W.2d 827", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_450/0827_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "72c2805eac6e9d16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_757/0048_01/index.html", "start": 2996, "end": 3010, "quote": "480 S.W.2d 176", "context": "stence of a genuine issue of material fact are resolved against him. Farley v. Prudential Ins. Co., 480 S.W.2d 176, 178 (Tex. 1972). A defendant moving for summary judgment is similarly required to assume a negativ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "480 S.W.2d 176", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_480/0176_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9057ea561374dc50", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_757/0048_01/index.html", "start": 3272, "end": 3285, "quote": "587 S.W.2d 64", "context": "inst him as a matter of law and that no material fact issues remain. Garth Co. v. Jefferson County, 587 S.W.2d 64, 65 (Tex.Civ.App.— Beaumont 1979, no writ).\nAppellant urges in his second point of error that there", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "587 S.W.2d 64", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_587/0064_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e097a844bc9dc9dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_757/0048_01/index.html", "start": 4197, "end": 4210, "quote": "398 S.W.2d 93", "context": "omisee before he could begin to perform, and was a fact known to the promis- or.” Wheeler v. White, 398 S.W.2d 93, 96 (Tex.1965); see also Goodman v. Dicker, 169 F.2d 684 (D.C.1948); 14 Tex.Jur.3d Contracts § 103 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "398 S.W.2d 93", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_398/0093_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "82576c0406753fdb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_757/0048_01/index.html", "start": 4255, "end": 4267, "quote": "169 F.2d 684", "context": "own to the promis- or.” Wheeler v. White, 398 S.W.2d 93, 96 (Tex.1965); see also Goodman v. Dicker, 169 F.2d 684 (D.C.1948); 14 Tex.Jur.3d Contracts § 103 (1981); cf. Prince v. Miller Brewing Co., 434 S.W.2d 232 ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "169 F.2d 684", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f2d/volume_169/0684_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "dac67a5fff5d0edd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_757/0048_01/index.html", "start": 4304, "end": 4309, "quote": "§ 103", "context": ".2d 93, 96 (Tex.1965); see also Goodman v. Dicker, 169 F.2d 684 (D.C.1948); 14 Tex.Jur.3d Contracts § 103 (1981); cf. Prince v. Miller Brewing Co., 434 S.W.2d 232 (Tex.Civ.App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1968, wr", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0b8dc229a7706115", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_757/0048_01/index.html", "start": 4352, "end": 4366, "quote": "434 S.W.2d 232", "context": "r, 169 F.2d 684 (D.C.1948); 14 Tex.Jur.3d Contracts § 103 (1981); cf. Prince v. Miller Brewing Co., 434 S.W.2d 232 (Tex.Civ.App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1968, writ ref’d n.r.e.) (and cases therein cited). We hold that ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "434 S.W.2d 232", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_434/0232_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "66d524fea2d0b9d2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_757/0048_01/index.html", "start": 4803, "end": 4817, "quote": "660 S.W.2d 521", "context": "eliance thereon, and (3) substantial reliance by the promisee to his detriment. English v. Fischer, 660 S.W.2d 521, 524 (Tex.1983).\nWe have here the three elements of “promissory estoppel” articulated by the Texas ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "660 S.W.2d 521", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_660/0521_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "94a33055b2aa6c2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_757/0048_01/index.html", "start": 5974, "end": 5986, "quote": "549 S.W.2d 7", "context": "cient consideration to bind the employer/promisor to its promise. See Henson v. Grayford Oil Corp., 549 S.W.2d 7 (Tex.Civ.App.—Dallas 1977, writ ref’d n.r.e.); Minton v. Riverside State Bank, 399 S.W.2d 196 (Tex.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "549 S.W.2d 7", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_549/0007_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a97c868f7ffd9811", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_757/0048_01/index.html", "start": 6066, "end": 6080, "quote": "399 S.W.2d 196", "context": " Corp., 549 S.W.2d 7 (Tex.Civ.App.—Dallas 1977, writ ref’d n.r.e.); Minton v. Riverside State Bank, 399 S.W.2d 196 (Tex.Civ.App.—Fort Worth 1966, no writ).\nAppellees have failed to prove that there is no genuine is", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "399 S.W.2d 196", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_399/0196_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2ca659a710b8f526", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 1052, "end": 1066, "quote": "419 S.W.2d 370", "context": "ver, the court said it intended to charge the jury on the law of idem sonans. See Jackson v. State, 419 S.W.2d 370, 371 (Tex.Crim.App.1967).\nThe defense then presented evidence and rested its case. The State then o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "419 S.W.2d 370", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_419/0370_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5c71b000c20ae50b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 1694, "end": 1708, "quote": "747 S.W.2d 818", "context": "denied him the opportunity to respond to the amendment or to prepare a defense. See Mills v. State, 747 S.W.2d 818, 821 (Tex.App.—Dallas 1987, no pet.). Appellant also asserts that permitting the State to drop the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "747 S.W.2d 818", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_747/0818_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2b0714d3c5f04fd2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 2585, "end": 2599, "quote": "667 S.W.2d 524", "context": "on 1989). As support for this interpretation of article 28.10, appellant relies on Howard v. State, 667 S.W.2d 524 (Tex.Crim.App.1984).\nArticle 28.10 was amended in 1985. The State contends that since the Howard de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "667 S.W.2d 524", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_667/0524_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8d40ed1f035b8c87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 3020, "end": 3034, "quote": "755 S.W.2d 545", "context": " or different offense; or (2) prejudices the substantial rights of the accused. See Jones v. State, 755 S.W.2d 545, 547 (Tex.App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1988, pet. ref’d); see also Mills, 747 S.W.2d at 821. The State ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "755 S.W.2d 545", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_755/0545_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cf545af5cda945e7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 3105, "end": 3122, "quote": "747 S.W.2d at 821", "context": "ones v. State, 755 S.W.2d 545, 547 (Tex.App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1988, pet. ref’d); see also Mills, 747 S.W.2d at 821. The State urges us to reconsider Mills and hold that the trial court did not err in permitting ame", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "747 S.W.2d 818", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_747/0818_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4bb6e4546f317df6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 4576, "end": 4590, "quote": "790 S.W.2d 568", "context": "s. Further, we consider how much weight a juror would probably place on the error. Harris v. State, 790 S.W.2d 568, 587 (Tex.Crim.App.1989). We focus on whether the error might have prejudiced the jurors’ decision-", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "790 S.W.2d 568", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_790/0568_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "30ab33212fb9a378", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 4866, "end": 4883, "quote": "790 S.W.2d at 588", "context": "ut rather whether the jury was able to properly apply law to facts in reaching its verdict. Harris, 790 S.W.2d at 588. In essence, we must examine the record to determine whether the trial was essentially a fair one. ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "790 S.W.2d 568", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_790/0568_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f96599628f93f041", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 5079, "end": 5096, "quote": "790 S.W.2d at 588", "context": "ne. It is the effect of the error and not the other evidence which dictates our conclusion. Harris, 790 S.W.2d at 588.\nIn Harris, the Court of Criminal Appeals mandated the procedure for reaching this determination. F", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "790 S.W.2d 568", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_790/0568_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eaeed25589a13bd4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 5488, "end": 5505, "quote": "790 S.W.2d at 588", "context": "ct might have reached a different result if the error and its effects had not occurred. See Harris, 790 S.W.2d at 588.\nAppellant and the complainant lived together for eight years before the alleged offense, They had ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "790 S.W.2d 568", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_790/0568_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2e5c18cbfa6409b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8752, "end": 8766, "quote": "665 S.W.2d 771", "context": "he trial court and has not preserved it for appellate review. Tex.R.App.P. 52(a); Russell v. State, 665 S.W.2d 771, 777 (Tex.Crim.App.1983). Be that as it may, we will again assume, without deciding, that the trial", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "665 S.W.2d 771", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_665/0771_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e864fe8831beb1f7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_800/0569_01/index.html", "start": 8989, "end": 9006, "quote": "790 S.W.2d at 584", "context": "or. Again, the issue is whether the error was harmful to appellant. Tex.R. App.P. 81(b)(2); Harris, 790 S.W.2d at 584. We conclude that had the trial court admitted the evidence, a rational trier of fact would not hav", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "790 S.W.2d 568", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_790/0568_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bbdee37612df3e62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 294, "end": 309, "quote": "80 S.W.(2d) 988", "context": "hich made it necessary to reverse such judgment of conviction. See Rodriguez v. State (Tex.Cr.App.) 80 S.W.(2d) 988.\nBill of exception No. 3 shows that upon the present trial the state proved by F. G. Garza — who wa", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 S.W.2d 988", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_80/0988_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3912c9cf8e73c668", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1229, "end": 1245, "quote": "39 Tex.Cr.R. 625", "context": "lt to theft upon a trial for burglary where the theft resulted from the burglary. Johnson v. State, 39 Tex.Cr.R. 625, 48 S.W. 70; Beason v. State, 43 Tex.Cr.R. 442, 67 S.W. 96, 69 L.R.A. 193. It is also permissible t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 Tex. Crim. 625", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_39/0625_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "838486798e6b4e16", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1247, "end": 1257, "quote": "48 S.W. 70", "context": " trial for burglary where the theft resulted from the burglary. Johnson v. State, 39 Tex.Cr.R. 625, 48 S.W. 70; Beason v. State, 43 Tex.Cr.R. 442, 67 S.W. 96, 69 L.R.A. 193. It is also permissible to prove agai", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "48 S.W. 70", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f049311ef4b6adc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1276, "end": 1292, "quote": "43 Tex.Cr.R. 442", "context": " theft resulted from the burglary. Johnson v. State, 39 Tex.Cr.R. 625, 48 S.W. 70; Beason v. State, 43 Tex.Cr.R. 442, 67 S.W. 96, 69 L.R.A. 193. It is also permissible to prove against an accused what he had testifie", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 Tex. Crim. 442", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_43/0442_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cc47d726e2cb2494", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1294, "end": 1304, "quote": "67 S.W. 96", "context": "om the burglary. Johnson v. State, 39 Tex.Cr.R. 625, 48 S.W. 70; Beason v. State, 43 Tex.Cr.R. 442, 67 S.W. 96, 69 L.R.A. 193. It is also permissible to prove against an accused what he had testified upon a for", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "67 S.W. 96", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "01362386ce09aa5e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1306, "end": 1319, "quote": "69 L.R.A. 193", "context": "ary. Johnson v. State, 39 Tex.Cr.R. 625, 48 S.W. 70; Beason v. State, 43 Tex.Cr.R. 442, 67 S.W. 96, 69 L.R.A. 193. It is also permissible to prove against an accused what he had testified upon a former trial of hi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "69 L.R.A. 193", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c7a39d614a26336f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1558, "end": 1574, "quote": "41 Tex.Cr.R. 300", "context": "ial of another, if the evidence then given is pertinent upon the present inquiry. Preston v. State, 41 Tex.Cr.R. 300, 53 S.W. 127, 881; Collins v. State, 39 Tex.Cr.R. 441, 46 S.W. 933; Mitchell v. State, 109 Tex. Cr.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "41 Tex. Crim. 300", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_41/0300_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ccb707d46aeb8fa1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1576, "end": 1587, "quote": "53 S.W. 127", "context": " the evidence then given is pertinent upon the present inquiry. Preston v. State, 41 Tex.Cr.R. 300, 53 S.W. 127, 881; Collins v. State, 39 Tex.Cr.R. 441, 46 S.W. 933; Mitchell v. State, 109 Tex. Cr.R. 643, 6 S.W", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 S.W. 127", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "581f67145fb97ef6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1612, "end": 1628, "quote": "39 Tex.Cr.R. 441", "context": "t upon the present inquiry. Preston v. State, 41 Tex.Cr.R. 300, 53 S.W. 127, 881; Collins v. State, 39 Tex.Cr.R. 441, 46 S.W. 933; Mitchell v. State, 109 Tex. Cr.R. 643, 6 S.W. (2d) 753; Jones v. State, 64 Tex.Cr.R. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "39 Tex. Crim. 441", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_39/0441_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "35a40ea87e85171a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1630, "end": 1641, "quote": "46 S.W. 933", "context": " inquiry. Preston v. State, 41 Tex.Cr.R. 300, 53 S.W. 127, 881; Collins v. State, 39 Tex.Cr.R. 441, 46 S.W. 933; Mitchell v. State, 109 Tex. Cr.R. 643, 6 S.W. (2d) 753; Jones v. State, 64 Tex.Cr.R. 510, 143 S.W.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 S.W. 933", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c5f5e4ada4db8335", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1682, "end": 1697, "quote": "6 S.W. (2d) 753", "context": ". 127, 881; Collins v. State, 39 Tex.Cr.R. 441, 46 S.W. 933; Mitchell v. State, 109 Tex. Cr.R. 643, 6 S.W. (2d) 753; Jones v. State, 64 Tex.Cr.R. 510, 143 S.W. 621. The former plea of guilty was an admission of guil", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "6 S.W.2d 753", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_6/0753_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "767ab28ff099d32a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1715, "end": 1731, "quote": "64 Tex.Cr.R. 510", "context": "Tex.Cr.R. 441, 46 S.W. 933; Mitchell v. State, 109 Tex. Cr.R. 643, 6 S.W. (2d) 753; Jones v. State, 64 Tex.Cr.R. 510, 143 S.W. 621. The former plea of guilty was an admission of guilt in the course of a judicial proc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "64 Tex. Crim. 510", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_64/0510_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "60c33ddc20f4ac95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 1733, "end": 1745, "quote": "143 S.W. 621", "context": "S.W. 933; Mitchell v. State, 109 Tex. Cr.R. 643, 6 S.W. (2d) 753; Jones v. State, 64 Tex.Cr.R. 510, 143 S.W. 621. The former plea of guilty was an admission of guilt in the course of a judicial proceeding provabl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "143 S.W. 621", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw/volume_143/0621_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e5aa30ecee08cdbd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 2277, "end": 2293, "quote": "43 Tex.Cr.R. 490", "context": "e state of his former conviction as evidence of his guilt upon a subsequent trial. Baines v. State, 43 Tex.Cr.R. 490, 66 S.W. 847; Wyatt v. State, 58 Tex.Cr.R. 115, 124 S. W. 929. It is apparent from an examination o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 Tex. Crim. 490", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_43/0490_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f7d4832a58d3bf9d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 2295, "end": 2306, "quote": "66 S.W. 847", "context": "mer conviction as evidence of his guilt upon a subsequent trial. Baines v. State, 43 Tex.Cr.R. 490, 66 S.W. 847; Wyatt v. State, 58 Tex.Cr.R. 115, 124 S. W. 929. It is apparent from an examination of the cases m", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 S.W. 847", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "313b027d75be2879", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 2324, "end": 2340, "quote": "58 Tex.Cr.R. 115", "context": " his guilt upon a subsequent trial. Baines v. State, 43 Tex.Cr.R. 490, 66 S.W. 847; Wyatt v. State, 58 Tex.Cr.R. 115, 124 S. W. 929. It is apparent from an examination of the cases mentioned and others to which we ar", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "58 Tex. Crim. 115", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_58/0115_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "91bc90761f6f0971", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 2342, "end": 2355, "quote": "124 S. W. 929", "context": "subsequent trial. Baines v. State, 43 Tex.Cr.R. 490, 66 S.W. 847; Wyatt v. State, 58 Tex.Cr.R. 115, 124 S. W. 929. It is apparent from an examination of the cases mentioned and others to which we are cited by appe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 S.W. 929", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8df8f3cf6c002b43", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 3155, "end": 3171, "quote": "53 Tex.Cr.R. 306", "context": " and thus waived any point upon objecting to Garza’s testimony to the same effect. Wagner v. State, 53 Tex.Cr.R. 306, 109 S.W. 169; McLaughlin v. State, .109 Tex.Cr.R. 307, 4 S.W.(2d) 54; Machado v. State, 112 Tex.Cr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 Tex. Crim. 306", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_53/0306_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "14575e145d68fcfb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 3173, "end": 3185, "quote": "109 S.W. 169", "context": "ny point upon objecting to Garza’s testimony to the same effect. Wagner v. State, 53 Tex.Cr.R. 306, 109 S.W. 169; McLaughlin v. State, .109 Tex.Cr.R. 307, 4 S.W.(2d) 54; Machado v. State, 112 Tex.Cr.R. 538, 17 S.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 S.W. 169", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f9780c2f1ea82008", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 3209, "end": 3226, "quote": "109 Tex.Cr.R. 307", "context": "estimony to the same effect. Wagner v. State, 53 Tex.Cr.R. 306, 109 S.W. 169; McLaughlin v. State, .109 Tex.Cr.R. 307, 4 S.W.(2d) 54; Machado v. State, 112 Tex.Cr.R. 538, 17 S.W.(2d) 1060; Schaefer v. State, 121 Tex.C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "109 Tex. Crim. 307", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_109/0307_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3b703495b86a57a4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 3228, "end": 3241, "quote": "4 S.W.(2d) 54", "context": "e effect. Wagner v. State, 53 Tex.Cr.R. 306, 109 S.W. 169; McLaughlin v. State, .109 Tex.Cr.R. 307, 4 S.W.(2d) 54; Machado v. State, 112 Tex.Cr.R. 538, 17 S.W.(2d) 1060; Schaefer v. State, 121 Tex.Cr.R. 220, 53 S.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "4 S.W.2d 54", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_4/0054_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "06a017ba60af56af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 3261, "end": 3278, "quote": "112 Tex.Cr.R. 538", "context": ".Cr.R. 306, 109 S.W. 169; McLaughlin v. State, .109 Tex.Cr.R. 307, 4 S.W.(2d) 54; Machado v. State, 112 Tex.Cr.R. 538, 17 S.W.(2d) 1060; Schaefer v. State, 121 Tex.Cr.R. 220, 53 S.W.(2d) 302.\nE. A. Chadwick was a mach", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "112 Tex. Crim. 538", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_112/0538_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "97bbc81c286ca1a8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 3280, "end": 3296, "quote": "17 S.W.(2d) 1060", "context": ". 169; McLaughlin v. State, .109 Tex.Cr.R. 307, 4 S.W.(2d) 54; Machado v. State, 112 Tex.Cr.R. 538, 17 S.W.(2d) 1060; Schaefer v. State, 121 Tex.Cr.R. 220, 53 S.W.(2d) 302.\nE. A. Chadwick was a machinist. On the nigh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "17 S.W.2d 1060", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_17/1060_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7542eb0efe0ddf40", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 3317, "end": 3334, "quote": "121 Tex.Cr.R. 220", "context": "Cr.R. 307, 4 S.W.(2d) 54; Machado v. State, 112 Tex.Cr.R. 538, 17 S.W.(2d) 1060; Schaefer v. State, 121 Tex.Cr.R. 220, 53 S.W.(2d) 302.\nE. A. Chadwick was a machinist. On the night of August 18, 1934, his machine shop", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "121 Tex. Crim. 220", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-crim/volume_121/0220_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d0ea6d6d2f1b4218", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 3336, "end": 3351, "quote": "53 S.W.(2d) 302", "context": "d) 54; Machado v. State, 112 Tex.Cr.R. 538, 17 S.W.(2d) 1060; Schaefer v. State, 121 Tex.Cr.R. 220, 53 S.W.(2d) 302.\nE. A. Chadwick was a machinist. On the night of August 18, 1934, his machine shop was broken into.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "53 S.W.2d 302", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_53/0302_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8ac11a872bf56fc7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 9346, "end": 9361, "quote": "19 Tex.App. 176", "context": "ished that a defendant may waive the right secured to him by said article 713. See Walker v. State, 19 Tex.App. 176. There ha.s been some difference of opinion as to the manner in which such waiver may be brought ab", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 White & W. 176", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4c5642135021f8f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 9498, "end": 9503, "quote": "§ 171", "context": "opinion as to the manner in which such waiver may be brought about. The rule is stated in 28 R.C.L. § 171, as follows:\n“However, if the client voluntarily introduces testimony relating to such communicatio", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f74e489c708f522", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 10173, "end": 10185, "quote": "265 Ill. 448", "context": "y cases will be found cited in support of the text just quoted, among -them being People v. Gerold, 265 Ill. 448, 107 N. E. 165, Ann.Cas,1916A, page 636. The same principle as announced in Ruling Case (Law, supra", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "265 Ill. 448", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_265/0448_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "672c7f3794576b2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 10187, "end": 10200, "quote": "107 N. E. 165", "context": "e found cited in support of the text just quoted, among -them being People v. Gerold, 265 Ill. 448, 107 N. E. 165, Ann.Cas,1916A, page 636. The same principle as announced in Ruling Case (Law, supra, is also found", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "107 N.E. 165", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "27646054fdbffeac", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 10280, "end": 10286, "quote": "supra,", "context": ". 448, 107 N. E. 165, Ann.Cas,1916A, page 636. The same principle as announced in Ruling Case (Law, supra, is also found in section 293 of Underhill’s Criminal Evidence (3d Ed.) with numerous authorities th", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "170713831a40cc55", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 10304, "end": 10315, "quote": "section 293", "context": "n.Cas,1916A, page 636. The same principle as announced in Ruling Case (Law, supra, is also found in section 293 of Underhill’s Criminal Evidence (3d Ed.) with numerous authorities there cited in support of the t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb4c6eb3636e3cb5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 10439, "end": 10452, "quote": "9 Okl.Cr. 382", "context": " Evidence (3d Ed.) with numerous authorities there cited in support of the text. In Brown v. State, 9 Okl.Cr. 382, 132 P. 359, 367, in discussing a statute very similar to article 713 of oiir Code of Criminal Proc", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "9 Okla. Crim. 382", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ae1b75174f576c64", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 10454, "end": 10464, "quote": "132 P. 359", "context": "d.) with numerous authorities there cited in support of the text. In Brown v. State, 9 Okl.Cr. 382, 132 P. 359, 367, in discussing a statute very similar to article 713 of oiir Code of Criminal Procedure, it is", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "132 P. 359", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55e53c4277b37ea8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw2d/volume_94/0476_01/index.html", "start": 12467, "end": 12473, "quote": "§ 2327", "context": "le with reference to waiver of the privilege under consideration, see Wigmore on' Evidence, Vol. 4, § 2327, and authorities there cited.\nFinding no errors in the record upon which a reversal may properly be", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c88222e9b1cd4a7e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 701, "end": 717, "quote": "888 F.Supp. 1388", "context": "oved to federal court, which dismissed for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Coleman v. Alcolac, 888 F.Supp. 1388, 1404 (S.D.Tex.1995) (order granting motion to dismiss for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "888 F. Supp. 1388", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_888/1388_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8d8297aa8ba6f574", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 1289, "end": 1303, "quote": "§ 51.014(a)(7)", "context": "s filed this interlocutory appeal from the trial court’s order. See Tex. Civ. PraC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 51.014(a)(7) (Vernon Supp.2004^05).\nII. STANDARD OP REVIEW\nThe plaintiff bears the initial burden of pleading su", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "616a8831df788560", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 1549, "end": 1562, "quote": "83 S.W.3d 789", "context": "efendant within the personal jurisdiction of a Texas court. BMC Software Belgium, N.V. v. Marchand, 83 S.W.3d 789, 793 (Tex.2002); McKanna v. Edgar, 388 S.W.2d 927, 930 (Tex.1965). A defendant who challenges the t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "590d669f001b4aff", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 1598, "end": 1612, "quote": "388 S.W.2d 927", "context": "xas court. BMC Software Belgium, N.V. v. Marchand, 83 S.W.3d 789, 793 (Tex.2002); McKanna v. Edgar, 388 S.W.2d 927, 930 (Tex.1965). A defendant who challenges the trial court’s exercise of personal jurisdiction thr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "388 S.W.2d 927", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_388/0927_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ac493b08378dd762", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 1813, "end": 1829, "quote": "83 S.W.3d at 793", "context": "ugh a special appearance bears the burden of negating all bases of personal jurisdiction. Marchand, 83 S.W.3d at 793; Kawasaki Steel Corp. v. Middleton, 699 S.W.2d 199, 203 (Tex.1985).\nWhether a trial court has perso", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "180c37314661e7e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 1866, "end": 1880, "quote": "699 S.W.2d 199", "context": " all bases of personal jurisdiction. Marchand, 83 S.W.3d at 793; Kawasaki Steel Corp. v. Middleton, 699 S.W.2d 199, 203 (Tex.1985).\nWhether a trial court has personal jurisdiction over a defendant is question of la", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "699 S.W.2d 199", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_699/0199_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9125c7b14260878d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 2054, "end": 2067, "quote": "83 S.W.3d 801", "context": "efendant is question of law, which we review de novo. Am. Type Culture Collection, Inc. v. Coleman, 83 S.W.3d 801, 805-06 (Tex.2002); Marchand, 83 S.W.3d at 794. However, the trial court frequently must resolve qu", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 801", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0801_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b241d9df2c6d2496", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 2098, "end": 2114, "quote": "83 S.W.3d at 794", "context": " de novo. Am. Type Culture Collection, Inc. v. Coleman, 83 S.W.3d 801, 805-06 (Tex.2002); Marchand, 83 S.W.3d at 794. However, the trial court frequently must resolve questions of fact before deciding the question of", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a704cdd3129300e9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 2239, "end": 2255, "quote": "83 S.W.3d at 794", "context": "t frequently must resolve questions of fact before deciding the question of jurisdiction. Marchand, 83 S.W.3d at 794. When, as here, the trial court does not issue findings of facts and conclusions of law with its sp", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ba304642aef72651", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 2475, "end": 2485, "quote": "Id. at 795", "context": "ing, all fact findings necessary to support the judgment and supported by the evidence are implied. Id. at 795; Worford v. Stamper, 801 S.W.2d 108, 109 (Tex.1990). When the appellate record includes both the re", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "bad75380b26238b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 2507, "end": 2521, "quote": "801 S.W.2d 108", "context": " to support the judgment and supported by the evidence are implied. Id. at 795; Worford v. Stamper, 801 S.W.2d 108, 109 (Tex.1990). When the appellate record includes both the reporter’s and clerk’s records, howeve", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "801 S.W.2d 108", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_801/0108_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6eaa4396a318658a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 2733, "end": 2749, "quote": "83 S.W.3d at 795", "context": "lied findings are not conclusive and may be challenged for legal and factual sufficiency. Marchand, 83 S.W.3d at 795.\nIII. The Law op Personal Jurisdiction\nA Texas Court may exercise personal jurisdiction over a non-", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "efcac917f6a68475", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 3085, "end": 3088, "quote": "id.", "context": "onal jurisdiction comports with the state and federal constitutional guarantees of due process. See id. The Texas long-arm statute permits Texas courts to exercise jurisdiction over a non-resident that “", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "07de87d93c14be5f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 3213, "end": 3254, "quote": "Tex. Civ. Prao. & Rem. Code Ann. § 17.042", "context": "te permits Texas courts to exercise jurisdiction over a non-resident that “does business” in Texas. Tex. Civ. Prao. & Rem. Code Ann. § 17.042 (Vernon 1997). The broad language of the “doing business” requirement in section 17.042 permits the", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "Tex. Code Ann. § 17.042", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "333e519b95868d42", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 3328, "end": 3342, "quote": "section 17.042", "context": " & Rem. Code Ann. § 17.042 (Vernon 1997). The broad language of the “doing business” requirement in section 17.042 permits the statute to reach “as far as the federal constitutional requirements of due process will", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "82b4ea970b22aee2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 3517, "end": 3531, "quote": "815 S.W.2d 223", "context": "ments of due process will allow.” Guardian Royal Exch. Assur., Ltd. v. English China Clays, P.L.C., 815 S.W.2d 223, 226 (Tex.1991). Thus, the requirements of the long-arm statute are satisfied if the exercise of pe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "815 S.W.2d 223", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_815/0223_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4a605129ee53701d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 3703, "end": 3706, "quote": "id.", "context": "isfied if the exercise of personal jurisdiction comports with federal due process requirements. See id.\nThe due process clause of the federal constitution permits a court to exercise jurisdiction over a ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "815 S.W.2d 223", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_815/0223_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d96ede0463f7959f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 4045, "end": 4061, "quote": "83 S.W.3d at 806", "context": "nal jurisdiction does not offend traditional notions of fair play and substantial justice. Coleman, 83 S.W.3d at 806; Int’l Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310, 316, 66 S.Ct. 154, 90 L.Ed. 95 (1945). Minimum contact", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 801", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0801_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9735f1aa2abbd6b7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 4093, "end": 4105, "quote": "326 U.S. 310", "context": "ions of fair play and substantial justice. Coleman, 83 S.W.3d at 806; Int’l Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310, 316, 66 S.Ct. 154, 90 L.Ed. 95 (1945). Minimum contacts must be based on “some act by which the de", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "326 U.S. 310", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7fa50d05db58234e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 4112, "end": 4124, "quote": "66 S.Ct. 154", "context": "nd substantial justice. Coleman, 83 S.W.3d at 806; Int’l Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310, 316, 66 S.Ct. 154, 90 L.Ed. 95 (1945). Minimum contacts must be based on “some act by which the defendant purposefull", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "66 S. Ct. 154", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f316357cd9ab94e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 4126, "end": 4137, "quote": "90 L.Ed. 95", "context": " justice. Coleman, 83 S.W.3d at 806; Int’l Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310, 316, 66 S.Ct. 154, 90 L.Ed. 95 (1945). Minimum contacts must be based on “some act by which the defendant purposefully avails itse", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "90 L. Ed. 95", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbb910932ae4a31a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 4389, "end": 4401, "quote": "471 U.S. 462", "context": "the forum State, thus invoking the benefits and protections of its laws.” Burger King v. Rudzewicz, 471 U.S. 462, 475, 105 S.Ct. 2174, 85 L.Ed.2d 528 (1985). The purposeful availment requirement ensures that a no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "471 U.S. 462", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "54b16c9bda449968", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 4408, "end": 4422, "quote": "105 S.Ct. 2174", "context": "us invoking the benefits and protections of its laws.” Burger King v. Rudzewicz, 471 U.S. 462, 475, 105 S.Ct. 2174, 85 L.Ed.2d 528 (1985). The purposeful availment requirement ensures that a non-resident will not b", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "105 S. Ct. 2174", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d5d967541d55d62e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 4424, "end": 4438, "quote": "85 L.Ed.2d 528", "context": "benefits and protections of its laws.” Burger King v. Rudzewicz, 471 U.S. 462, 475, 105 S.Ct. 2174, 85 L.Ed.2d 528 (1985). The purposeful availment requirement ensures that a non-resident will not be haled into a T", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "85 L. Ed. 2d 528", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b240e913f654a927", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 4687, "end": 4704, "quote": "815 S.W.2d at 226", "context": "or attenuated contacts or the unilateral activity of another party or third person. Guardian Royal, 815 S.W.2d at 226. The defendant’s activities, whether they are direct acts within Texas or conduct outside Texas, mu", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "815 S.W.2d 223", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_815/0223_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fb184835c3238d63", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 4917, "end": 4933, "quote": "83 S.W.3d at 806", "context": "conclusion that the defendant could reasonably anticipate being called into a Texas court. Coleman, 83 S.W.3d at 806. In conducting a minimum contacts analysis, it is the quality of the defendant’s contacts, rather t", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 801", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0801_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "66264027d167e6a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 5078, "end": 5081, "quote": "Id.", "context": "it is the quality of the defendant’s contacts, rather than their minimum number, that is important. Id.\nWhile the jurisdiction of Texas courts always depends on the existence of some minimum contacts, th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 801", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0801_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4ac41282fc58005e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 5326, "end": 5343, "quote": "815 S.W.2d at 227", "context": "epending upon whether the litigants are asserting specific or general jurisdiction. Guardian Royal, 815 S.W.2d at 227; Helicopteros Nacionales de Colombia, S.A. v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408, 414, 104 S.Ct. 1868, 80 L.Ed.2d 4", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "815 S.W.2d 223", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_815/0223_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "733821ae71309d47", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 5396, "end": 5408, "quote": "466 U.S. 408", "context": "jurisdiction. Guardian Royal, 815 S.W.2d at 227; Helicopteros Nacionales de Colombia, S.A. v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408, 414, 104 S.Ct. 1868, 80 L.Ed.2d 404 (1984). Specific jurisdiction is established when (1) a defend", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "466 U.S. 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f8a5e5efdeffcd31", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 5415, "end": 5429, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 1868", "context": "ian Royal, 815 S.W.2d at 227; Helicopteros Nacionales de Colombia, S.A. v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408, 414, 104 S.Ct. 1868, 80 L.Ed.2d 404 (1984). Specific jurisdiction is established when (1) a defendant’s contacts with t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 1868", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f546ffb2633f649", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 5431, "end": 5445, "quote": "80 L.Ed.2d 404", "context": ".W.2d at 227; Helicopteros Nacionales de Colombia, S.A. v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408, 414, 104 S.Ct. 1868, 80 L.Ed.2d 404 (1984). Specific jurisdiction is established when (1) a defendant’s contacts with the forum are pur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "80 L. Ed. 2d 404", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "890e220d548b5c35", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 5648, "end": 5668, "quote": "815 S.W.2d at 227-28", "context": "eful, and (2) the cause of action arises from or relates to a defendant’s contacts. Guardian Royal, 815 S.W.2d at 227-28. In contrast, general jurisdiction is established when a defendant’s contacts in the forum are cont", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "815 S.W.2d 223", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_815/0223_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0dc7fb4ac2f040dd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 5959, "end": 5969, "quote": "Id. at 228", "context": "if the cause of action did not arise from or relate to activities conducted within the forum state. Id. at 228. General jurisdiction requires a showing that the non-resident defendant conducted substantial acti", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "815 S.W.2d 223", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_815/0223_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e2cc6fbf2cdfdf8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 6175, "end": 6178, "quote": "Id.", "context": " within the forum state, a more demanding minimum contacts analysis than for specific jurisdiction. Id. To satisfy due process under either general or specific jurisdiction, the exercise of jurisdiction ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "815 S.W.2d 223", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_815/0223_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0604026e18620141", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 9882, "end": 9896, "quote": "166 S.W.3d 421", "context": " are those that occurred prior to the time of appellants’ injuries. See MedCost, L.L.C. v. Loiseau, 166 S.W.3d 421, 434 (Tex.App.-Austin 2005, no pet. h.) (“The relevant contacts are those up to the time of injury.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "166 S.W.3d 421", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_166/0421_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54c7a35ec6c8b417", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 10028, "end": 10042, "quote": "124 S.W.3d 856", "context": "pet. h.) (“The relevant contacts are those up to the time of injury.”); Botter v. Am. Dental Ass’n, 124 S.W.3d 856, 865 (Tex.App.-Austin 2003, no pet.) (“Texas authority implies that the relevant contacts are those", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "124 S.W.3d 856", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_124/0856_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "37faedaf27f73c68", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 10199, "end": 10212, "quote": "73 S.W.3d 380", "context": "mplies that the relevant contacts are those up to the time of the injury.”); AmQuip Corp. v. Cloud, 73 S.W.3d 380, 388 (Tex.App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 2002, no pet.) (holding that telephone calls made after accident", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "73 S.W.3d 380", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_73/0380_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4e968366ca1133d0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 10380, "end": 10394, "quote": "833 S.W.2d 240", "context": "ephone calls made after accident were irrelevant to jurisdiction); Scott v. Huey L. Cheramie, Inc., 833 S.W.2d 240, 242 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1992, no writ) (holding that contract signed after injury occur", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "833 S.W.2d 240", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_833/0240_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0a4ba509d1c02275", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 15540, "end": 15554, "quote": "920 S.W.2d 393", "context": " their resources to achieve a common business purpose. Old Republic Ins. Co. v. Ex-Im Servs. Corp., 920 S.W.2d 393, 395-96 (Tex.App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 1996, no writ). Factors to be considered in determining wheth", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "920 S.W.2d 393", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_920/0393_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7a1e2dcd8eca12cb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 16200, "end": 16214, "quote": "712 S.W.2d 534", "context": "cation of profits and losses between corporations. Paramount Petroleum Corp. v. Taylor Rental Ctr., 712 S.W.2d 534, 536 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1986, writ ref'd n.r.e.).\nAppellants did not plead the “single ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "712 S.W.2d 534", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_712/0534_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "aad9b762ab5eb6fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 17332, "end": 17345, "quote": "129 S.W.3d 74", "context": "enterprise’ is a necessary addition to Texas law” for purposes of disregarding corporate structure. 129 S.W.3d 74, 87 (Tex.2003). Nevertheless, before appellants filed the operative pleadings in this case, several", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "129 S.W.3d 74", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_129/0074_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "319521129811e1d6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 17638, "end": 17652, "quote": "987 S.W.2d 248", "context": "thod by which to disregard the corporate structure of related entities. See, e.g., Hall v. Timmons, 987 S.W.2d 248, 252 (Tex.App.-Beaumont 1999, no pet.); Beneficial Personnel Servs. of Tex., Inc. v. Rey, 927 S.W.2", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "987 S.W.2d 248", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_987/0248_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f137400709cd9184", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 17743, "end": 17757, "quote": "927 S.W.2d 157", "context": ".W.2d 248, 252 (Tex.App.-Beaumont 1999, no pet.); Beneficial Personnel Servs. of Tex., Inc. v. Rey, 927 S.W.2d 157, 165 (Tex.App.-El Paso 1996), vacated by agreement, 938 S.W.2d 717 (Tex.1997); Old Republic Ins. Co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "927 S.W.2d 157", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_927/0157_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1164badec522bef1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 17810, "end": 17824, "quote": "938 S.W.2d 717", "context": "nel Servs. of Tex., Inc. v. Rey, 927 S.W.2d 157, 165 (Tex.App.-El Paso 1996), vacated by agreement, 938 S.W.2d 717 (Tex.1997); Old Republic Ins. Co., 920 S.W.2d at 395-96; Paramount Petroleum Corp., 712 S.W.2d at 5", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "938 S.W.2d 717", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_938/0717_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "465801097d8bba85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 17860, "end": 17880, "quote": "920 S.W.2d at 395-96", "context": "65 (Tex.App.-El Paso 1996), vacated by agreement, 938 S.W.2d 717 (Tex.1997); Old Republic Ins. Co., 920 S.W.2d at 395-96; Paramount Petroleum Corp., 712 S.W.2d at 536. Accordingly, we conclude that appellants had notice ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "920 S.W.2d 393", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_920/0393_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0768470e653c7721", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 17909, "end": 17926, "quote": "712 S.W.2d at 536", "context": " 938 S.W.2d 717 (Tex.1997); Old Republic Ins. Co., 920 S.W.2d at 395-96; Paramount Petroleum Corp., 712 S.W.2d at 536. Accordingly, we conclude that appellants had notice of the “single business enterprise” theory, an", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "712 S.W.2d 534", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_712/0534_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "45d3459c88b6565f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 19227, "end": 19240, "quote": "835 S.W.2d 66", "context": " judgment based on a new argument raised for the first time on appeal. Larsen v. FDIC/Manager Fund, 835 S.W.2d 66, 74 (Tex.1992).\nHere, the “single business enterprise” theory was not presented to the trial court.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "835 S.W.2d 66", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_835/0066_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a9a55b0420d50926", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 20242, "end": 20255, "quote": "985 S.W.2d 86", "context": "lationship exists is generally a question of fact. Lyons v. Lindsey Morden Claims Management, Inc., 985 S.W.2d 86, 90 (Tex.App.-El Paso 1998, no pet.); Jorgensen v. Stuart Place Water Supply Corp., 676 S.W.2d 191,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "985 S.W.2d 86", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_985/0086_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "434834a1fed9b1b9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 20340, "end": 20354, "quote": "676 S.W.2d 191", "context": ", 985 S.W.2d 86, 90 (Tex.App.-El Paso 1998, no pet.); Jorgensen v. Stuart Place Water Supply Corp., 676 S.W.2d 191, 194 (Tex.App.-Corpus Christi 1984, no writ). Here, the trial court did not expressly find the abse", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "676 S.W.2d 191", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_676/0191_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c6567ac7c537878d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 20659, "end": 20675, "quote": "83 S.W.3d at 795", "context": "ecessary to support the trial court’s judgment and supported by the evidence are implied. Marchand, 83 S.W.3d at 795. Accordingly, we construe appellants’ argument that an agency relationship exists between Klockner ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a8748cd2962856a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 21000, "end": 21014, "quote": "111 S.W.3d 638", "context": "implied finding that no such agency relationship exists. See SITQ E.U., Inc. v. Reata Rests., Inc., 111 S.W.3d 638, 652 (Tex.App.-Fort Worth 2003, pet. denied) (noting that agency is generally a question of fact an", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "111 S.W.3d 638", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_111/0638_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8eae2657d59b9001", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 21306, "end": 21319, "quote": "83 S.W.3d 913", "context": "plied finding that an agency relationship existed); Townsend v. Univ. Hospital-University of Colo., 83 S.W.3d 913, 921 (Tex.App.-Texarkana 2002, pet. denied) (holding that evidence was factually sufficient to supp", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 913", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0913_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "07df4508d862a0af", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 21753, "end": 21767, "quote": "964 S.W.2d 276", "context": "every reasonable inference in that party’s favor. Associated Indem. Corp. v. CAT Contracting, Inc., 964 S.W.2d 276, 285-86 (Tex.1998); see City of Keller v. Wilson, 48 Tex. Sup.Ct. J. 848, 849 (Tex. June 10, 2005).", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "964 S.W.2d 276", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_964/0276_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4df22efff4613a39", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 22011, "end": 22024, "quote": "70 S.W.3d 778", "context": "e is more than a scintilla of evidence to support the finding. Lee Lewis Constr., Inc. v. Harrison, 70 S.W.3d 778, 782 (Tex.2001); Marchand, 83 S.W.3d at 795. More than a scintilla of evidence exists if the eviden", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 S.W.3d 778", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_70/0778_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "30c9bb5e7a865a7b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 22052, "end": 22068, "quote": "83 S.W.3d at 795", "context": " support the finding. Lee Lewis Constr., Inc. v. Harrison, 70 S.W.3d 778, 782 (Tex.2001); Marchand, 83 S.W.3d at 795. More than a scintilla of evidence exists if the evidence of a vital fact furnishes some reasonable", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7d9213833bb103d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 22247, "end": 22266, "quote": "70 S.W.3d at 782-83", "context": "ishes some reasonable basis for differing conclusions by reasonable minds. Lee Lewis Constr., Inc., 70 S.W.3d at 782-83. In reviewing a factual sufficiency challenge, we set aside the trial court’s decision only if its ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "70 S.W.3d 778", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_70/0778_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e74726649415ca4e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 22490, "end": 22504, "quote": "715 S.W.2d 629", "context": " the overwhelming weight of the evidence as to be clearly wrong and unjust. Pool v. Ford Motor Co., 715 S.W.2d 629, 635 (Tex.1986), overruled on other grounds, Crown Life Ins. Co. v. Casteel, 22 S.W.3d 378, 388 (Te", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 S.W.2d 629", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_715/0629_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "23392ccca38815f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 22582, "end": 22595, "quote": "22 S.W.3d 378", "context": "or Co., 715 S.W.2d 629, 635 (Tex.1986), overruled on other grounds, Crown Life Ins. Co. v. Casteel, 22 S.W.3d 378, 388 (Tex.2000).\nB. Review of Agency Principles\nBecause the parties dispute whether Klockner Indust", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "22 S.W.3d 378", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_22/0378_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2d47479151fead85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 22994, "end": 23008, "quote": "108 S.W.3d 538", "context": "rincipal for purposes of the jurisdictional inquiry. Walker Ins. Servs. v. Bottle Rock Power Corp., 108 S.W.3d 538, 549 n. 4 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2003, no pet.). However, agency will not be presumed, and ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "108 S.W.3d 538", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_108/0538_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d91add025bd3ec8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 23205, "end": 23219, "quote": "956 S.W.2d 757", "context": "nd the party asserting the relationship has the burden of proving it. Schultz v. Rural/Metro Corp., 956 S.W.2d 757, 760 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ). An agency relationship may be found from the un", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "956 S.W.2d 757", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_956/0757_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3079a5afad6d5c23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 23413, "end": 23416, "quote": "Id.", "context": "the underlying facts or direct and circumstantial evidence showing the relationship of the parties. Id.\nAn agent is one who is authorized by a person or entity to transact business or manage some affair ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "956 S.W.2d 757", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_956/0757_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "98c07b3d9295c5ed", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 23552, "end": 23568, "quote": "83 S.W.3d at 921", "context": "y a person or entity to transact business or manage some affair for the person or entity. Townsend, 83 S.W.3d at 921. The critical element of an agency relationship is the right to control, and the principal must hav", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 913", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0913_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a0623a1d4a436402", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 23814, "end": 23817, "quote": "Id.", "context": " process by which the agent is to accomplish his task in order for an agency relationship to exist. Id. Absent proof of the right to control the means and details of the work performed, only an independe", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 913", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0913_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "19cf7ee4e0e2aa7f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 24005, "end": 24019, "quote": "983 S.W.2d 844", "context": "an independent contractor relationship is established. Happy Indus. Corp. v. Am. Specialties, Inc., 983 S.W.2d 844, 852 (Tex.App.-Corpus Christi 1998, pet. dism’d w.o.j.). The distinction between an independent con", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "983 S.W.2d 844", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_983/0844_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5fa1a9615865ecfc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 24387, "end": 24402, "quote": "874 F.Supp. 143", "context": "ent corporation to the jurisdiction of the forum state. O’Quinn v. World Indus. Constructors, Inc., 874 F.Supp. 143, 145 (E.D.Tex.), aff'd, 68 F.3d 471 (5th Cir.1995).\nC. Application of Agency Principles to Klockner", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "874 F. Supp. 143", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_874/0143_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c48661e152bd04c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 24427, "end": 24438, "quote": "68 F.3d 471", "context": "he forum state. O’Quinn v. World Indus. Constructors, Inc., 874 F.Supp. 143, 145 (E.D.Tex.), aff'd, 68 F.3d 471 (5th Cir.1995).\nC. Application of Agency Principles to Klockner INA and Klockner Industrial\nAppella", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "68 F.3d 471", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "381d9dce05edbc8f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 26937, "end": 26952, "quote": "952 F.Supp. 495", "context": "ritical element of “control.” The Klockner defendants cite Williamson v. Petrosakh Joint Stock Co., 952 F.Supp. 495 (S.D.Tex.1997) and Dickson Marine, Inc. v. Panalpina, Inc., 179 F.3d 331 (5th Cir.1999) to support ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8f9d3216f9ceab79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 27013, "end": 27025, "quote": "179 F.3d 331", "context": "rosakh Joint Stock Co., 952 F.Supp. 495 (S.D.Tex.1997) and Dickson Marine, Inc. v. Panalpina, Inc., 179 F.3d 331 (5th Cir.1999) to support their position that the evidence fails to establish the “control” element", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "66baf6fb9c9e04c0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 27274, "end": 27292, "quote": "952 F.Supp. at 496", "context": "Williamson, the plaintiffs filed a wrongful death lawsuit against Petrosakh, a Russian corporation. 952 F.Supp. at 496. Petrosakh was owned 95% by Nimir Petroleum Petrosakh Limited (“Nimir Cyprus”), a Cyprus company. I", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "77e51437ff46a08c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 27391, "end": 27394, "quote": "Id.", "context": "6. Petrosakh was owned 95% by Nimir Petroleum Petrosakh Limited (“Nimir Cyprus”), a Cyprus company. Id. Nimir Cyprus’ sister company, Nimir Petroleum Company U.S.A., Inc. (“Nimir USA”), which was based i", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "37fb48107a8852f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 27677, "end": 27680, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ld recruit and hire independent contractor consultants to work at the Petrosakh refinery in Russia. Id.\nPursuant to the contract, Nimir USA located and hired Williamson, a Texas resident, to work at the ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4cd673af27698653", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 27810, "end": 27813, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ir USA located and hired Williamson, a Texas resident, to work at the Petrosakh refinery in Russia. Id. After Williamson died in an incident at the refinery, the plaintiffs filed the wrongful death suit ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "495bfcfb8f2fe74b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 27949, "end": 27952, "quote": "Id.", "context": "t at the refinery, the plaintiffs filed the wrongful death suit against Petrosakh in a Texas court. Id. The plaintiffs asserted that jurisdiction over Petrosakh was proper based on the Texas contacts of ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "10f1616e6d4237cd", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 28063, "end": 28066, "quote": "Id.", "context": "iffs asserted that jurisdiction over Petrosakh was proper based on the Texas contacts of Nimir USA. Id. The plaintiffs argued that Nimir USA was Petrosakh’s agent because Nimir USA had recruited and hire", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e9f51ce934a1dbea", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 28203, "end": 28213, "quote": "Id. at 498", "context": " was Petrosakh’s agent because Nimir USA had recruited and hired Williamson on behalf of Petrosakh. Id. at 498. The court, however, held there was insufficient evidence to establish an agency relationship, desp", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5bf1b9cc3b9d8ae4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 28372, "end": 28375, "quote": "Id.", "context": "to establish an agency relationship, despite the close corporate relationship between the entities. Id. The court concluded there was no evidence to show that Petrosakh had the right to control the detai", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "908202207977c41c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 28602, "end": 28605, "quote": "Id.", "context": "n though Nimir USA acted on behalf of Pe-trosakh in fulfillment of the technical services contract. Id. Therefore, the court found there was only an independent contractor relationship between the entiti", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "fc32bcc5009019c3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 28777, "end": 28780, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ationship between the entities and declined to impute the Texas contacts of Nimir USA to Petrosakh. Id.\nThe same issue of control was also present in Dickson Marine, which involved the Louisiana long-arm", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "952 F. Supp. 495", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f-supp/volume_952/0495_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f94286e29e74065e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 28981, "end": 28996, "quote": "179 F.3d at 336", "context": "statute. Similar to Texas, the Louisiana long-arm statute extends to the limits of due process. See 179 F.3d at 336. In Dickson Marine, a vessel owned and operated by Dickson Marine, Inc. (“Dickson”) needed repair w", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "75a61a7d8a39934c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 29146, "end": 29156, "quote": "Id. at 335", "context": "y Dickson Marine, Inc. (“Dickson”) needed repair work while operating off the coast of West Africa. Id. at 335. Dickson contacted Air Sea Broker, Ltd. (“Air Sea”), a Swiss corporation, to arrange for the repair", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1836019adf1537be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 29259, "end": 29262, "quote": "Id.", "context": "ickson contacted Air Sea Broker, Ltd. (“Air Sea”), a Swiss corporation, to arrange for the repairs. Id. Air Sea referred Dickson to Panalpina Transports Mondiaux Gabon S.A. (“Panalpina Gabon”), a sister ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "576287d99ee0c996", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 29394, "end": 29397, "quote": "Id.", "context": "alpina Transports Mondiaux Gabon S.A. (“Panalpina Gabon”), a sister company, to handle the repairs. Id. During the repair work, the vessel capsized. Id. Dickson filed suit against Panalpina Gabon and Air", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a7bdf5fb23dbb749", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 29443, "end": 29446, "quote": "Id.", "context": " Gabon”), a sister company, to handle the repairs. Id. During the repair work, the vessel capsized. Id. Dickson filed suit against Panalpina Gabon and Air Sea in a Louisiana court to recover for property", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4f7c8a0be34c507c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 29569, "end": 29572, "quote": "Id.", "context": "inst Panalpina Gabon and Air Sea in a Louisiana court to recover for property damage to the vessel. Id. Dickson asserted that jurisdiction over Panalpina Gabon was proper based on the Louisiana contacts ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "37ca41878552901a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 29733, "end": 29743, "quote": "Id. at 338", "context": "proper based on the Louisiana contacts of Air Sea because Air Sea acted as Panalpina Gabon’s agent. Id. at 338.\nThe court, however, found that there was insufficient evidence to show that Pan-alpina Gabon asser", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "42e80ef86ffe4ccb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 29916, "end": 29919, "quote": "Id.", "context": "that Pan-alpina Gabon asserted sufficient control over Air Sea to establish an agency relationship. Id. The court noted it was undisputed that Air Sea had frequently benefit-ted Panalpina Gabon by assist", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f23a996415ce05c2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 30117, "end": 30120, "quote": "Id.", "context": "sting maritime companies in contracting with Panalpina Gabon for services to be performed in Gabon. Id. While the evidence showed that Air Sea was a “middleman” who assisted vessel owners in contracting ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "be28db6a324de7d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 30410, "end": 30420, "quote": "Id. at 338", "context": " facts alone were not sufficient to establish the control required to prove an agency relationship. Id. at 338.\nSimilarly, in this case, we find there is insufficient evidence in the record to show that Klockne", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "179 F.3d 331", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../f3d/volume_179/0331_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a9de1ec91a27d3cc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 30965, "end": 30979, "quote": "824 S.W.2d 555", "context": "ual authority to negotiate or enter into contracts on behalf of Klockner INA. Cf. Orozco v. Sander, 824 S.W.2d 555, 556 (Tex.1992) (holding that under the facts and circumstances of the case, it could be implied th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "824 S.W.2d 555", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_824/0555_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5f051022c3f51f07", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 31564, "end": 31578, "quote": "100 S.W.3d 261", "context": "d details of Klockner Industrial’s work. See Gutierrez v. Cayman Islands Firm of Deloitte & Touche, 100 S.W.3d 261, 271 (Tex.App.-San Antonio 2002, pet. dism’d) (finding that evidence failed to establish an agency ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "100 S.W.3d 261", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_100/0261_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "88dded6ee53cf306", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 35064, "end": 35076, "quote": "158 Tex. 164", "context": "may testily to facts concerning his authority to act on behalf of the principal. See Cook v. Hamer, 158 Tex. 164, 309 S.W.2d 54, 58 (1958). However, we find that Brosig’s broad assertion that he represented the i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "158 Tex. 164", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex/volume_158/0164_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9dafefcf47cd7df4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 35078, "end": 35091, "quote": "309 S.W.2d 54", "context": " facts concerning his authority to act on behalf of the principal. See Cook v. Hamer, 158 Tex. 164, 309 S.W.2d 54, 58 (1958). However, we find that Brosig’s broad assertion that he represented the interests of Klo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "309 S.W.2d 54", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_309/0054_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "50e0e1618656835e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 35710, "end": 35723, "quote": "14 S.W.3d 395", "context": "othe an alleged agent with apparent authority. BML Stage Lighting, Inc. v. Mayflower Transit, Inc., 14 S.W.3d 395, 401 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2000, pet. denied). Therefore, an agency relationship cannot be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "14 S.W.3d 395", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_14/0395_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f9f59ad3b6e7cd79", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 37561, "end": 37578, "quote": "956 S.W.2d at 760", "context": "rols the subsidiary’s work, we do not presume the existence of an agency relationship. See Schultz, 956 S.W.2d at 760 (stating that an agency relationship will not be presumed).\nAfter reviewing all of the evidence, we", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "956 S.W.2d 757", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_956/0757_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8e7494fd98edfc04", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 37900, "end": 37919, "quote": "70 S.W.3d at 782-83", "context": " as the agent of Klockner INA when it contacted the Texas engineering firms. See Lee Lewis Constr., 70 S.W.3d at 782-83. Moreover, we conclude that the trial court’s implied finding that Klockner Industrial was not the ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "70 S.W.3d 778", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_70/0778_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "a1b1794ea11f0a90", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 38108, "end": 38125, "quote": "715 S.W.2d at 635", "context": "as not the agent of Klockner INA with respect to these contacts is not manifestly unjust. See Pool, 715 S.W.2d at 635. Therefore, we find that the evidence is legally and factually sufficient to support the trial cour", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "715 S.W.2d 629", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_715/0629_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0817e779ec9b3bd8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 39304, "end": 39319, "quote": "466 U.S. at 416", "context": "ness activity that is necessary to justify the assertion of general jurisdiction. See Helicopteros, 466 U.S. at 416, 104 S.Ct. 1868 (concluding that a single business trip to Texas for the purpose of negotiating a c", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "466 U.S. 408", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9cda2274449a62b4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 39321, "end": 39335, "quote": "104 S.Ct. 1868", "context": "t is necessary to justify the assertion of general jurisdiction. See Helicopteros, 466 U.S. at 416, 104 S.Ct. 1868 (concluding that a single business trip to Texas for the purpose of negotiating a contract could no", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "104 S. Ct. 1868", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e44081d64594496b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_180/0577_01/index.html", "start": 41776, "end": 41793, "quote": "815 S.W.2d at 228", "context": "fair play and substantial justice” prong of the personal jurisdiction analysis. See Guardian Royal, 815 S.W.2d at 228 (“Once it has been determined that the nonresident defendant purposefully established minimum conta", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "815 S.W.2d 223", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_815/0223_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c875a1c3b5c3e9b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 503, "end": 517, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": "e for damages for failure to levy on the writ of execution issued on a default judgment pursuant to Section 34.065 of the Texas Civil Practice & Remedies Code and also fined Constable Abercia for contempt pursuant ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "69babb363656b01a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 644, "end": 653, "quote": "§ 86.024.", "context": "e & Remedies Code and also fined Constable Abercia for contempt pursuant to Tex.LoC.Gov’t Code Ann. § 86.024. Appellants bring six issues on appeal, in which they challenge the trial court’s jurisdiction and t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a99844388ebac4ef", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 835, "end": 850, "quote": "Sections 34.064", "context": "jurisdiction and the legal and factual sufficiency of the trial court’s findings that they violated Sections 34.064 and 34.065 of the Texas Civil Practice & Remedies Code and Section 86.024 of the Local Government C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "eac01ba14dd911ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 910, "end": 924, "quote": "Section 86.024", "context": "dings that they violated Sections 34.064 and 34.065 of the Texas Civil Practice & Remedies Code and Section 86.024 of the Local Government Code. Appellants also argue Constable Abercia proved, as a matter of law, t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95e2f723309a2a91", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 1103, "end": 1110, "quote": "§ 7.003", "context": "as a matter of law, that he was entitled to good faith immunity under Tex.Civ.PRAC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 7.003 and to judicial immunity under common law and that, as a matter of law, Old Republic Surety Company", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ddf4ca16dde5417f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 5245, "end": 5254, "quote": "§§ 34.064", "context": " the judgment debt in the case, plus interest and costs, pursuant to Tex. Civ-PeaC. & Rem.Code Ann. §§ 34.064, 34.065. Over several days, the trial court conducted a hearing on the motion. On September 8, 2004", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "49da871748ea56dc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 6515, "end": 6529, "quote": "934 S.W.2d 839", "context": "DISCUSSION\nWRIT OF EXECUTION\nExecution is governed by rule and statute. Kuo Kung Ko v. Pin Ya Chin, 934 S.W.2d 839, 841 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1996, no writ); Hickey v. Couchman, 797 S.W.2d 103, 107 (Tex.Ap", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "934 S.W.2d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_934/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c18f3986954d32d7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 6602, "end": 6616, "quote": "797 S.W.2d 103", "context": "Pin Ya Chin, 934 S.W.2d 839, 841 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1996, no writ); Hickey v. Couchman, 797 S.W.2d 103, 107 (Tex.App.Corpus Christi 1990, writ denied). Rule 637 imposes a duty on the sheriff to “proceed", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "797 S.W.2d 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_797/0103_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "182ef7b4d6ec7306", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 6856, "end": 6870, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": "erty of the defendant found within his county not exempt from execution.... ” See Tex.R.Civ.P. 637. Section 34.065 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code provides sanctions if the sheriff fails or refuses to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c95d91c1fa2f7c3e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 7052, "end": 7060, "quote": "§ 34.065", "context": "ails or refuses to execute upon the debtor’s non-exempt property. See Tex.Civ.Prac. & Rem.Code Ann. § 34.065 (Vernon 1997). When a judgment creditor asks that the constable be liable for non-execution, he or ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1a4a1dd15c7aa82d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 7480, "end": 7497, "quote": "934 S.W.2d at 841", "context": "; (3) failure of the sheriff to seize the non-exempt property; and (4) an unsatisfied judgment. Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841; Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 107-108, citing Henry S. Miller Co. v. Evans, 452 S.W.2d 426 (Tex.1970). Onc", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "934 S.W.2d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_934/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "11ba3741dda74a8c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 7507, "end": 7528, "quote": "797 S.W.2d at 107-108", "context": "f to seize the non-exempt property; and (4) an unsatisfied judgment. Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841; Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 107-108, citing Henry S. Miller Co. v. Evans, 452 S.W.2d 426 (Tex.1970). Once a prima facie case has been p", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "797 S.W.2d 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_797/0103_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ce6ee4b947a758a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 7567, "end": 7581, "quote": "452 S.W.2d 426", "context": "udgment. Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841; Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 107-108, citing Henry S. Miller Co. v. Evans, 452 S.W.2d 426 (Tex.1970). Once a prima facie case has been pled, the burden shifts to the sheriff to disprove an ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "452 S.W.2d 426", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_452/0426_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1ea484d0ed2052fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 7860, "end": 7877, "quote": "934 S.W.2d at 841", "context": "such as proof that the fair market value of the property was less than the underlying judgment. Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841; Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 108. In addition, under Section 7.003 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedi", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "934 S.W.2d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_934/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6423fb0aca91bb87", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 7887, "end": 7904, "quote": "797 S.W.2d at 108", "context": " market value of the property was less than the underlying judgment. Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841; Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 108. In addition, under Section 7.003 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code an officer is not l", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "797 S.W.2d 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_797/0103_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c992873bc5c80cc9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 7925, "end": 7938, "quote": "Section 7.003", "context": " than the underlying judgment. Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841; Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 108. In addition, under Section 7.003 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code an officer is not liable for damages if the officer e", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e0cf11128a49a62", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 8168, "end": 8175, "quote": "§ 7.003", "context": " and uses reasonable diligence in performing his official duties. See Tex.Civ.Prac. & Rem.Code Ann. § 7.003 (Vernon 2002).\nNOTICE\nIn Issue One, Appellants argue the trial court lacked jurisdiction over the a", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c506d4f48603d77a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 8425, "end": 8434, "quote": "§ 89.0041", "context": "its suit against a county official in his official capacity as mandated by Tex. LoC.Gov’t Code ANN. § 89.0041 (Vernon Supp.2006). Appellants assert that since notice to governmental entities and officials sued", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "22ebca91d0946761", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 8621, "end": 8630, "quote": "§ 311.034", "context": "fficials sued in their official capacities is a jurisdictional requisite under Tex. Gov’t Code Ann. § 311.034, the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction over the proceeding and this Court must vacate ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "5db819d4bb2362fc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 8830, "end": 8845, "quote": "Section 89.0041", "context": "the court’s judgment and dismiss the action. We reject Appellants’ argument for two reasons.\nFirst, Section 89.0041 is not applicable because this action was a statutory proceeding brought pursuant to Tex.Civ.PraC. ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fc1449835865de23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 8961, "end": 8970, "quote": "§§ 34.064", "context": "le because this action was a statutory proceeding brought pursuant to Tex.Civ.PraC. & Rem.Code Ann. §§ 34.064 and 34.065, not a “suit” against .a governmental entity. See Tex.Civ.PraC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 34.065", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f6e551a7bad8cb0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 9062, "end": 9070, "quote": "§ 34.065", "context": "§ 34.064 and 34.065, not a “suit” against .a governmental entity. See Tex.Civ.PraC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 34.065; see also Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 107 n. 1. The motion was not a new suit, but rather a post-judgment", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d463e1a710296dc1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 9089, "end": 9103, "quote": "797 S.W.2d at ", "context": "“suit” against .a governmental entity. See Tex.Civ.PraC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 34.065; see also Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 107 n. 1. The motion was not a new suit, but rather a post-judgment proceeding in the initial suit b", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "797 S.W.2d 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_797/0103_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d4aa74253fc4b426", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 9356, "end": 9370, "quote": "413 S.W.2d 954", "context": "ourt necessarily takes its jurisdiction from the underlying suit. See Evans v. Henry S. Miller Co., 413 S.W.2d 954, 955-56 (Tex.Civ.App.-Austin 1967, no writ); see, e.g., McLane v. Kirby & Smith, 54 Tex.Civ.App. 11", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "413 S.W.2d 954", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_413/0954_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "d621636ee12a11be", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 9452, "end": 9471, "quote": "54 Tex.Civ.App. 113", "context": "o., 413 S.W.2d 954, 955-56 (Tex.Civ.App.-Austin 1967, no writ); see, e.g., McLane v. Kirby & Smith, 54 Tex.Civ.App. 113, 117, 116 S.W. 118, 119 (1909)(“[j]urisdietion over attachment proceedings is part of the general j", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 Tex. Civ. App. 113", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../tex-civ-app/volume_54/0113_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b74a6ccc9ec8aa0e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 9478, "end": 9490, "quote": "116 S.W. 118", "context": " (Tex.Civ.App.-Austin 1967, no writ); see, e.g., McLane v. Kirby & Smith, 54 Tex.Civ.App. 113, 117, 116 S.W. 118, 119 (1909)(“[j]urisdietion over attachment proceedings is part of the general jurisdiction conferr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "116 S.W. 118", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45776dd6527bbaa2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 9867, "end": 9876, "quote": "§ 311.084", "context": "e ... jurisdictional requirements in all suits against a governmental entity.” Tex. Gov’t Code ANN. § 311.084; Act of May 25, 2005, 79th Leg., R.S., ch. 1150, § 1, 2005 Tex. Gen. Laws 3783, 3783 (establishing ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2e696e59a2d469a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 9926, "end": 9929, "quote": "§ 1", "context": "vernmental entity.” Tex. Gov’t Code ANN. § 311.084; Act of May 25, 2005, 79th Leg., R.S., ch. 1150, § 1, 2005 Tex. Gen. Laws 3783, 3783 (establishing effective date); see Tex.Gov’t Code Ann. § 311.022 (V", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6fd73a6fa92f04f4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 9931, "end": 9955, "quote": "2005 Tex. Gen. Laws 3783", "context": "ental entity.” Tex. Gov’t Code ANN. § 311.084; Act of May 25, 2005, 79th Leg., R.S., ch. 1150, § 1, 2005 Tex. Gen. Laws 3783, 3783 (establishing effective date); see Tex.Gov’t Code Ann. § 311.022 (Vernon 2005)(“A statute is ", "category": "law_full", "canonical": "2005 Tex. Gen. Laws 3783", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4abe49a4eef2827", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 10017, "end": 10026, "quote": "§ 311.022", "context": "h. 1150, § 1, 2005 Tex. Gen. Laws 3783, 3783 (establishing effective date); see Tex.Gov’t Code Ann. § 311.022 (Vernon 2005)(“A statute is presumed to be prospective in its operation unless expressly made retro", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "56f62ded30e37e2b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 10517, "end": 10531, "quote": "140 S.W.3d 351", "context": "of subject matter jurisdiction. See Univ. of Tex. Southwestern Med. Ctr. at Dallas v. Loutzenhiser, 140 S.W.3d 351, 364-65 (Tex.2004)(discussing notice requirements of Tex.Civ.PRAC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 101.101). Like", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "140 S.W.3d 351", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_140/0351_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e07b83492439546c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 10615, "end": 10624, "quote": "§ 101.101", "context": ", 140 S.W.3d 351, 364-65 (Tex.2004)(discussing notice requirements of Tex.Civ.PRAC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 101.101). Likewise, failure to give notice of a claim pursuant to Section 89.0041 would not have deprived t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95e84dded965a69b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 10683, "end": 10698, "quote": "Section 89.0041", "context": "f Tex.Civ.PRAC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 101.101). Likewise, failure to give notice of a claim pursuant to Section 89.0041 would not have deprived the trial court of jurisdiction over this action. See id. at 362. Thus, eve", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f5a6c2bccd5c46f6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 10777, "end": 10787, "quote": "id. at 362", "context": "nt to Section 89.0041 would not have deprived the trial court of jurisdiction over this action. See id. at 362. Thus, even assuming that Section 89.0041 applied to this action, we could nevertheless find that t", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ec89952eca8419e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 10814, "end": 10829, "quote": "Section 89.0041", "context": "deprived the trial court of jurisdiction over this action. See id. at 362. Thus, even assuming that Section 89.0041 applied to this action, we could nevertheless find that the change in the law would not apply to th", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d6c28c342512b804", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 12850, "end": 12859, "quote": "§ 34.064.", "context": "ff for the full amount of the debt, plus interest and costs pursuant [to] TEX.Crv.PRAC. & Rem. Code § 34.064.\nCL7. Constable Abercia failed and refused to levy on property subject to execution and the levy or ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a3e8a9a2ddea8ad1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 13161, "end": 13170, "quote": "§ 34.065.", "context": "ntiff for the full amount of the debt, plus interest and costs pursuant to Tex.Civ.Prac. & Rem.Code § 34.065.\nCL8. Constable Abercia both failed and refused to execute and return according to law a process, wa", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "902418d3fa2ddcb7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 14281, "end": 14295, "quote": "917 S.W.2d 770", "context": "e reviewed for legal and factual sufficiency of the evidence by the same standards. Ortiz v. Jones, 917 S.W.2d 770, 772 (Tex.1996); Anderson v. City of Seven Points, 806 S.W.2d 791, 794 (Tex.1991). We review the tr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "917 S.W.2d 770", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_917/0770_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b4ba55e7c8484d3c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 14347, "end": 14361, "quote": "806 S.W.2d 791", "context": "e same standards. Ortiz v. Jones, 917 S.W.2d 770, 772 (Tex.1996); Anderson v. City of Seven Points, 806 S.W.2d 791, 794 (Tex.1991). We review the trial court’s legal conclusions de novo. BMC Software Belgium, N.V. ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "806 S.W.2d 791", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_806/0791_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "11ba8b8c3ec460d3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 14474, "end": 14487, "quote": "83 S.W.3d 789", "context": "91). We review the trial court’s legal conclusions de novo. BMC Software Belgium, N.V. v. Marchand, 83 S.W.3d 789, 794 (Tex.2002).\nIn our review we consider the evidence in a light that tends to support the jury’s", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "83 S.W.3d 789", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_83/0789_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "34410b80a52a062e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 14697, "end": 14710, "quote": "81 S.W.3d 269", "context": "nd disregard all evidence and inferences to the contrary. Southwest Key Program, Inc. v. Gil-Perez, 81 S.W.3d 269, 274 (Tex.2002). We will sustain a no-evidence challenge only when: (1) the record discloses the co", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "81 S.W.3d 269", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_81/0269_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "6e2cde2d748f75d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 15153, "end": 15167, "quote": "106 S.W.3d 724", "context": "4) the evidence establishes conclusively the opposite of the vital fact. Marathon Corp. v. Pitzner, 106 S.W.3d 724, 727 (Tex.2003). The evidence is no more than a scintilla “[w]hen the evidence offered to prove a v", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "106 S.W.3d 724", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_106/0724_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3edf22e192b88300", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 15395, "end": 15408, "quote": "650 S.W.2d 61", "context": "o no more than create a mere surmise or suspicion of its existence.... ” Kindred v. Con/Chem, Inc., 650 S.W.2d 61, 63 (Tex.1983). More than a scintilla exists when the evidence “rises to a level that would enable ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "650 S.W.2d 61", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_650/0061_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "5bfa323776ba694c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 15603, "end": 15616, "quote": "879 S.W.2d 10", "context": "able reasonable and fair-minded people to differ in their conclusions.” Transp. Ins. Co. v. Moriel, 879 S.W.2d 10, 25 (Tex.1994).\nWhen appealing the legal sufficiency of the evidence supporting an adverse finding ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "879 S.W.2d 10", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_879/0010_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7a430176b195b599", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 15905, "end": 15918, "quote": "46 S.W.3d 237", "context": "ablishes, as a matter of law, all vital facts in support of the issue. Dow Chemical Co. v. Francis, 46 S.W.3d 237, 241 (Tex.2001); Anderson, 806 S.W.2d at 794. In reviewing a “matter of law” challenge, we must fir", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "46 S.W.3d 237", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_46/0237_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8ae96aa88b4fc96f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 15946, "end": 15963, "quote": "806 S.W.2d at 794", "context": "acts in support of the issue. Dow Chemical Co. v. Francis, 46 S.W.3d 237, 241 (Tex.2001); Anderson, 806 S.W.2d at 794. In reviewing a “matter of law” challenge, we must first examine the record for evidence that suppo", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "806 S.W.2d 791", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_806/0791_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1c818a9a123143eb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 16204, "end": 16220, "quote": "46 S.W.3d at 241", "context": " entire record to determine if the contrary proposition is established as a matter of law. Francis, 46 S.W.3d at 241. The point of error should be sustained only if the contrary proposition is conclusively establishe", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "46 S.W.3d 237", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_46/0237_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "4cd37c755ca667e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 16323, "end": 16326, "quote": "Id.", "context": "he point of error should be sustained only if the contrary proposition is conclusively established. Id.\nWhen reviewing the factual sufficiency of the evidence supporting an adverse finding upon which the", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "46 S.W.3d 237", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_46/0237_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f5f2dd392a46ddd4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 16571, "end": 16584, "quote": "660 S.W.2d 55", "context": "appellant must show that the evidence is insufficient to support the finding. Croucher v. Croucher, 660 S.W.2d 55, 58 (Tex.1983). In our review, we may not substitute our own judgment for that of the trier of fact", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "660 S.W.2d 55", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_660/0055_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ec18bcc8a9143f5a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 16771, "end": 16785, "quote": "971 S.W.2d 402", "context": "trier of fact nor pass upon the credibility of the witnesses. See Maritime Overseas Corp. v. Ellis, 971 S.W.2d 402, 407 (Tex.1998); see also GTE Mobilnet of S. Tex. v. Pascouet, 61 S.W.3d 599, 615-16 (Tex.App.-Hous", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "971 S.W.2d 402", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_971/0402_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2fe3e54c91a70db0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 16849, "end": 16862, "quote": "61 S.W.3d 599", "context": "rseas Corp. v. Ellis, 971 S.W.2d 402, 407 (Tex.1998); see also GTE Mobilnet of S. Tex. v. Pascouet, 61 S.W.3d 599, 615-16 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2001, pet. denied)(trier of fact is the sole judge of the cr", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 S.W.3d 599", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_61/0599_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8f0d73021a254a37", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 17222, "end": 17242, "quote": "971 S.W.2d at 406-07", "context": "is so contrary to the overwhelming weight of the evidence as to be clearly wrong and unjust. Ellis, 971 S.W.2d at 406-07; Pool v. Ford Motor Co., 715 S.W.2d 629, 635 (Tex.1986). When appealing the factual sufficiency of ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "971 S.W.2d 402", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_971/0402_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "09c4671e85ead25c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 17268, "end": 17282, "quote": "715 S.W.2d 629", "context": "he evidence as to be clearly wrong and unjust. Ellis, 971 S.W.2d at 406-07; Pool v. Ford Motor Co., 715 S.W.2d 629, 635 (Tex.1986). When appealing the factual sufficiency of the evidence supporting an adverse findi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "715 S.W.2d 629", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_715/0629_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1e7cd10925caed3d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 17574, "end": 17588, "quote": "164 S.W.3d 607", "context": "ing is against great weight and preponderance of the evidence. Southwestern Bell Tel. Co. v. Garza, 164 S.W.3d 607, 620-21 (Tex.2004); Francis, 46 S.W.3d at 242.\nEvidence\nDeputy Kathryn Inman testified that she rec", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "164 S.W.3d 607", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_164/0607_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3292f8bdce6be78d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 17618, "end": 17634, "quote": "46 S.W.3d at 242", "context": "e of the evidence. Southwestern Bell Tel. Co. v. Garza, 164 S.W.3d 607, 620-21 (Tex.2004); Francis, 46 S.W.3d at 242.\nEvidence\nDeputy Kathryn Inman testified that she received the writ on September 4 and the same day", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "46 S.W.3d 237", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_46/0237_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9d42761bd1831af9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 31404, "end": 31419, "quote": "Section 34..065", "context": "vehicles and then talk to the defendant to determine whether that property was exempt.\nViolation of Section 34..065\nIn Issue Two, Appellants challenge the trial court’s finding of a violation of Section 34.065, argu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e2d535af69197a36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 31499, "end": 31513, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": "n of Section 34..065\nIn Issue Two, Appellants challenge the trial court’s finding of a violation of Section 34.065, arguing (1) there is no evidence or factually insufficient evidence to support a finding that Cons", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6fa2545ccf29c641", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 32097, "end": 32111, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": "ard to sub-point one, Appellants argue that Kingvision failed to establish a prima facie case under Section 34.065, pointing to Sergeant Lui’s testimony that the deputies were specifically instructed to seize only ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "073ee3cab49c972a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 34439, "end": 34453, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": "at Kingvision suffered damages in that amount as the proximate result of the failure to levy. Under Section 34.065, if an officer fails or refused to levy on property subject to execution and the levy could have ta", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bbf911b23bec7217", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 34696, "end": 34705, "quote": "§ 34.065.", "context": " liable for the full amount of the debt, plus interest and costs. See Tbx.Civ.PRAC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 34.065. However, if the officer can establish, for example, that the plaintiff was not injured by the failu", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "520d31b134e599a7", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 34934, "end": 34951, "quote": "934 S.W.2d at 841", "context": "dant was insolvent, or that the defendant’s assets were exempt, there is generally no recovery. Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841; Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 107-08 (the most important defense the Court has read into 34.065 is that th", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "934 S.W.2d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_934/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "7e6583aa4d74da36", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 34961, "end": 34981, "quote": "797 S.W.2d at 107-08", "context": " the defendant’s assets were exempt, there is generally no recovery. Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841; Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 107-08 (the most important defense the Court has read into 34.065 is that the plaintiff was not injured by", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "797 S.W.2d 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_797/0103_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "96c78cd8ef198314", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 35259, "end": 35276, "quote": "934 S.W.2d at 841", "context": "n seized, then the officer is liable only to the extent of the value of the nonexempt property. Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841; Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 108. To establish this mitigation defense, the officer must show that the ma", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "934 S.W.2d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_934/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ef37369e2413af3a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 35286, "end": 35303, "quote": "797 S.W.2d at 108", "context": "is liable only to the extent of the value of the nonexempt property. Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841; Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 108. To establish this mitigation defense, the officer must show that the market value of the defendant", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "797 S.W.2d 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_797/0103_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "eb02c7b93e28dece", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 35486, "end": 35503, "quote": "797 S.W.2d at 108", "context": " of the defendant’s non-exempt property is less than the amount of the underlying judgment. Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 108. In this case, Appellants failed to plead or prove a defense of mitigation or to identify property ", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "797 S.W.2d 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_797/0103_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "337bf25ef03a5cd6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 35694, "end": 35702, "quote": "§ 34.065", "context": "property that had been designated as non-exempt by Mr. Baltazar. See Tex.Civ.PRAc. & Rem. Code Ann. § 34.065; Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841. Because Appellants failed to meet their burden in establishing a mitigation", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7bcdaeb7d5405687", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 35708, "end": 35725, "quote": "934 S.W.2d at 841", "context": "had been designated as non-exempt by Mr. Baltazar. See Tex.Civ.PRAc. & Rem. Code Ann. § 34.065; Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 841. Because Appellants failed to meet their burden in establishing a mitigation defense, the trial cou", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "934 S.W.2d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_934/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "8d10983c02cb1507", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 36130, "end": 36144, "quote": "Section 3b-06b", "context": "lly sufficient evidence to support findings No. 14 and No. 16. Issue Two is overruled.\nViolation of Section 3b-06b\nIn Issue Three, Appellants argue the trial court erred in holding Constable Abercia liable under TE", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ceb12133cc484b3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 36273, "end": 36281, "quote": "§ 34.064", "context": "rgue the trial court erred in holding Constable Abercia liable under TEX.Crv.PRAC. & Rem. Code Ann. § 34.064 because the issue was never plead or tried and because neither legally nor factually sufficient evi", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7d109714c72cf0c5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 36780, "end": 36789, "quote": "§ 34.064.", "context": "r the full amount of the debt, plus interest and costs pursuant [to] Tex.Civ.Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 34.064.” Despite issuing this challenged conclusion of law, the trial court did not find Appellants liable ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "94669928514cc943", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 36895, "end": 36910, "quote": "Section 34.064.", "context": "ite issuing this challenged conclusion of law, the trial court did not find Appellants liable under Section 34.064. Rather, the trial court ordered that Kingvision recover against Constable Abercia and Old Republic ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c8751429232a0386", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 37222, "end": 37236, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": "idence was legally and factually sufficient to support the trial court’s finding of liability under Section 34.065, we overrule Issue Three.\nContempt Finding under Section 86Mb\nIn Issue Four, Appellants argue that ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "adb4b18b5c960064", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 37286, "end": 37298, "quote": "Section 86Mb", "context": " court’s finding of liability under Section 34.065, we overrule Issue Three.\nContempt Finding under Section 86Mb\nIn Issue Four, Appellants argue that because Constable Abercia’s deputies did not fail or refuse to", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "67e57c3679e4e801", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 37470, "end": 37484, "quote": "Section 86.024", "context": "es did not fail or refuse to execute Kingvision’s writ, the trial court’s finding of contempt under Section 86.024 of the Texas Local Government Code (Conclusions of Law No. 8 and No. 12) was in error. Section 86.0", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8216b7e368fcf9e2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 37572, "end": 37586, "quote": "Section 86.024", "context": "ction 86.024 of the Texas Local Government Code (Conclusions of Law No. 8 and No. 12) was in error. Section 86.024 provides:\nIf a constable fails or refuses to execute and return according to law a process, warrant", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3c4fca8b719bf0d5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 37948, "end": 37956, "quote": "§ 86.024", "context": ", or precept on the motion of the person injured by the failure or refusal. Tex.Loc.Gov’t Code Ann. § 86.024 (Vernon 1999).\nRelying on their arguments as set forth in Issues Two and Three, Appellants assert t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "affb7936a6534507", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 38518, "end": 38533, "quote": "Section 86.024.", "context": "bject to execution. Therefore, there was evidence to support the trial court’s contempt order under Section 86.024. Issue Four is overruled.\nGood Faith Immunity and Judicial Immunity\nIn Issue Five, Appellants conten", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cc90fcd1cb766fc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 38761, "end": 38768, "quote": "§ 7.003", "context": "as a matter of law, that he was entitled to good faith immunity under Tex.Civ.PRAC. & Rem.Code Ann. § 7.003 and to judicial immunity under common law.\nAn officer is generally not liable for damages resulting", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f7fc1227b537396", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 39064, "end": 39071, "quote": "§ 7.003", "context": "and uses reasonable diligence in performing his official duties. See Tex.Civ.PRAC. & Rem. Code Ann. § 7.003; Chambers v. Hornsby, 21 S.W.3d 446, 448-49 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2000, no pet.). An offic", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fa2978af8053212c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 39094, "end": 39107, "quote": "21 S.W.3d 446", "context": "in performing his official duties. See Tex.Civ.PRAC. & Rem. Code Ann. § 7.003; Chambers v. Hornsby, 21 S.W.3d 446, 448-49 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2000, no pet.). An officer acts in good faith if a reasonabl", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "21 S.W.3d 446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_21/0446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "9cb8126455bc4525", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 39304, "end": 39314, "quote": "Id. at 449", "context": "ably prudent officer, under the same or similar circumstances, would have acted in the same manner. Id. at 449; Richardson v. Parker, 903 S.W.2d 801, 804 (Tex.App.-Dallas 1995, no writ). Reasonable diligence ha", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": "21 S.W.3d 446", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_21/0446_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "389be7949e335d85", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 39338, "end": 39352, "quote": "903 S.W.2d 801", "context": "me or similar circumstances, would have acted in the same manner. Id. at 449; Richardson v. Parker, 903 S.W.2d 801, 804 (Tex.App.-Dallas 1995, no writ). Reasonable diligence has been reviewed on a case-by-case basi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "903 S.W.2d 801", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_903/0801_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "c28f3b83b1efd74a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 39368, "end": 39379, "quote": "Dallas 1995", "context": "ould have acted in the same manner. Id. at 449; Richardson v. Parker, 903 S.W.2d 801, 804 (Tex.App.-Dallas 1995, no writ). Reasonable diligence has been reviewed on a case-by-case basis. See, e.g., Ko, 934 S.W.2", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": "140 S.W.3d 351", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_140/0351_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "ca180eb9f25e3065", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 39470, "end": 39487, "quote": "934 S.W.2d at 842", "context": "llas 1995, no writ). Reasonable diligence has been reviewed on a case-by-case basis. See, e.g., Ko, 934 S.W.2d at 842 (finding deputy exercised reasonable diligence where deputy attempted to execute writ a day after r", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "934 S.W.2d 839", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_934/0839_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "3373c6bf44fe2b30", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 39828, "end": 39849, "quote": "797 S.W.2d at 106-107", "context": " after judgment debtor filed a UCC statement claiming a security interest in the property); Hickey, 797 S.W.2d at 106-107 (finding no due diligence where officer did not execute writ because debtor told officer he had fil", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "797 S.W.2d 103", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_797/0103_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "0e2b59c053715709", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 40194, "end": 40209, "quote": "Section 34.061.", "context": "er, an officer is conferred with judicial immunity when executing writs, subject to liability under Section 34.061. See Merritt v. Hands County, 775 S.W.2d 17, 23 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1989, writ denied). U", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1095d3ad110a1e2a", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 40239, "end": 40252, "quote": "775 S.W.2d 17", "context": "unity when executing writs, subject to liability under Section 34.061. See Merritt v. Hands County, 775 S.W.2d 17, 23 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1989, writ denied). Under derived judicial immunity, an officer ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "775 S.W.2d 17", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_775/0017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "cd7d0bcc05d70d23", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 40646, "end": 40659, "quote": "87 S.W.3d 552", "context": "ourt officer’s conduct is like that of the delegating or appointing judge. Dallas County v. Halsey, 87 S.W.3d 552, 554 (Tex.2002); Delcourt v. Silverman, 919 S.W.2d 777, 781-83 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1996,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 S.W.3d 552", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_87/0552_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "1df1a511cc989ba4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 40700, "end": 40714, "quote": "919 S.W.2d 777", "context": "or appointing judge. Dallas County v. Halsey, 87 S.W.3d 552, 554 (Tex.2002); Delcourt v. Silverman, 919 S.W.2d 777, 781-83 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1996, writ denied), cert denied, 520 U.S. 1213, 117 S.Ct. 16", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "919 S.W.2d 777", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_919/0777_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "e0249ad66f7fee52", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 40787, "end": 40800, "quote": "520 U.S. 1213", "context": ". Silverman, 919 S.W.2d 777, 781-83 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1996, writ denied), cert denied, 520 U.S. 1213, 117 S.Ct. 1698, 137 L.Ed.2d 824 (1997). Judicial immunity for officers executing writs, however, i", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "520 U.S. 1213", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../us/volume_520/1213_15/index.html"]}
{"id": "4e88bc858b9e0f81", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 40802, "end": 40816, "quote": "117 S.Ct. 1698", "context": "9 S.W.2d 777, 781-83 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1996, writ denied), cert denied, 520 U.S. 1213, 117 S.Ct. 1698, 137 L.Ed.2d 824 (1997). Judicial immunity for officers executing writs, however, is qualified by S", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "117 S. Ct. 1698", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1203c0a509fe421e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 40818, "end": 40833, "quote": "137 L.Ed.2d 824", "context": "1-83 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1996, writ denied), cert denied, 520 U.S. 1213, 117 S.Ct. 1698, 137 L.Ed.2d 824 (1997). Judicial immunity for officers executing writs, however, is qualified by Section 7.003, whi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "137 L. Ed. 2d 824", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9879d82f26e3c3fb", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 40915, "end": 40928, "quote": "Section 7.003", "context": "8, 137 L.Ed.2d 824 (1997). Judicial immunity for officers executing writs, however, is qualified by Section 7.003, which requires good faith and reasonable diligence in the execution. See Merritt, 775 S.W.2d at 23", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "316e69d33d53c703", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 41012, "end": 41028, "quote": "775 S.W.2d at 23", "context": "by Section 7.003, which requires good faith and reasonable diligence in the execution. See Merritt, 775 S.W.2d at 23; Freeman v. Wirecut E.D.M., Inc., 159 S.W.3d 721, 728-29 (Tex.App.-Dallas 2005, no pet.)(interpreti", "category": "ShortCaseCitation", "canonical": "775 S.W.2d 17", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_775/0017_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "178093053e9bf9ae", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 41063, "end": 41077, "quote": "159 S.W.3d 721", "context": "sonable diligence in the execution. See Merritt, 775 S.W.2d at 23; Freeman v. Wirecut E.D.M., Inc., 159 S.W.3d 721, 728-29 (Tex.App.-Dallas 2005, no pet.)(interpreting the Merritt court’s analysis of judicial immun", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "159 S.W.3d 721", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_159/0721_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "b217c044d7aae00e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 41096, "end": 41107, "quote": "Dallas 2005", "context": "n. See Merritt, 775 S.W.2d at 23; Freeman v. Wirecut E.D.M., Inc., 159 S.W.3d 721, 728-29 (Tex.App.-Dallas 2005, no pet.)(interpreting the Merritt court’s analysis of judicial immunity in light of Section 7.003)", "category": "ReferenceCitation", "canonical": "140 S.W.3d 351", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_140/0351_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "83330c69bb055342", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 41193, "end": 41206, "quote": "Section 7.003", "context": "p.-Dallas 2005, no pet.)(interpreting the Merritt court’s analysis of judicial immunity in light of Section 7.003).\nAppellants assert that because Constable Abercia’s deputies acted in good faith and with reasonab", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c2057c7d772ba9d4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 41357, "end": 41370, "quote": "Section 7.003", "context": "’s deputies acted in good faith and with reasonable diligence, they were entitled to immunity under Section 7.003 as well as judicial immunity as a matter of law. Specifically, Appellants point to testimony from C", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1c5e1545636f860b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 43326, "end": 43337, "quote": "§ 86.002(a)", "context": "r with a solvent surety company authorized to do business in this state.\nSee TexLoo.Gov’t Code AnN. § 86.002(a), (c)(Vernon Supp.2006). The bond must be payable to the governor and the governor’s successors and ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "affa8a1f43cf608d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 43512, "end": 43515, "quote": "id.", "context": "overnor’s successors and is conditioned upon faithful performance of the duties imposed by law. See id. Importantly, the bond must be approved by the county commissioners court who must set the bond in a", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "153b1cb4cd23ce2f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 43671, "end": 43674, "quote": "id.", "context": "mmissioners court who must set the bond in an amount of not less than $500 or more than $1,500. See id. § 86.002(a). Further, under subsection (c), claims may be brought for recovery on the bond until th", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "df88f782d122a4a3", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 43675, "end": 43686, "quote": "§ 86.002(a)", "context": "sioners court who must set the bond in an amount of not less than $500 or more than $1,500. See id. § 86.002(a). Further, under subsection (c), claims may be brought for recovery on the bond until the whole amou", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2278a6c4ecd1e64b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 43888, "end": 43891, "quote": "id.", "context": " of the bond is recovered, that is, the bond remains in force until the penal sum is exhausted. See id. § 86.002(c).\nConstable Abercia executed the requisite bond with Old Republic Surety in the amount o", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "89f95542e6570398", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 43892, "end": 43903, "quote": "§ 86.002(c)", "context": "the bond is recovered, that is, the bond remains in force until the penal sum is exhausted. See id. § 86.002(c).\nConstable Abercia executed the requisite bond with Old Republic Surety in the amount of $1,500. Ol", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2214de07d4072aa2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 44412, "end": 44426, "quote": "908 S.W.2d 415", "context": "nal sum of the bond. Great American Insurance Co. v. North Austin Municipal Utility District No. 1, 908 S.W.2d 415, 426 (Tex.1995). Section 86.002 specifically limits the penal sum for which a constable’s surety wi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "908 S.W.2d 415", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_908/0415_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "48a5c9f249fd628e", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 44444, "end": 44458, "quote": "Section 86.002", "context": "can Insurance Co. v. North Austin Municipal Utility District No. 1, 908 S.W.2d 415, 426 (Tex.1995). Section 86.002 specifically limits the penal sum for which a constable’s surety will be held liable for the consta", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "95236af7bb03a156", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 44636, "end": 44650, "quote": "Section 86.002", "context": " liable for the constable’s faithful performance of his or her duties. Thus, by its plain language, Section 86.002 limits Old Republic Surety’s liability to the amount of the bond.\nKingvision, however, argues that ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cb3d8e164dfed89c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 45379, "end": 45392, "quote": "Section 3.606", "context": "public Surety was not asserting a matter of avoidance, a policy exception under an excess clause, a Section 3.606 defense, a statutory damages cap, an immunity claim, lack of capacity, statute of limitations, an o", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f0a0dd54eb01a743", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 45719, "end": 45733, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": "tention is without merit.\nKingvision also contends that Old Republic Surety is fully liable because Section 34.065 specifically states that a surety is liable “for the full amount of the debt, plus interest and cos", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1f54f029e4e3dc66", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 45838, "end": 45852, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": "ifically states that a surety is liable “for the full amount of the debt, plus interest and costs.” Section 34.065 states in pertinent part:\nIf an officer fails or refuses to levy on or sell property subject to exe", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "903bd472c7495dbc", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 46202, "end": 46210, "quote": "§ 34.065", "context": "ecution for the full amount of the debt, plus interest and costs. See Tex.Civ.Prac. & Rem.Code Ann. § 34.065 (Vernon 1997).\nKingvision argues that the plain language of Section 34.065 requires that Old Republ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "15f1bffd3af45a1d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 46271, "end": 46285, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": " Tex.Civ.Prac. & Rem.Code Ann. § 34.065 (Vernon 1997).\nKingvision argues that the plain language of Section 34.065 requires that Old Republic Surety be held liable of the full amount of the judgment, in excess of t", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "9577cdc213e14c12", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 46453, "end": 46467, "quote": "Section 86.002", "context": " of the judgment, in excess of the penal bond. Such an interpretation, however, would conflict with Section 86.002 and be contrary to the Legislature’s intent to limit the surety’s liability to a maximum amount of ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "984deab6ef0b9b67", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 46662, "end": 46671, "quote": "§ 311.023", "context": "t of $1,500 for the constable’s faithful performance of his or her duties. See Tex. Gov’t Code Ann. § 311.023 (Vernon 2005); Tex. Dep’t of Transp. v. Needham, 82 S.W.3d 314, 318 (Tex.2002)(primary goal of stat", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a10ebac76b4c485f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 46721, "end": 46734, "quote": "82 S.W.3d 314", "context": " or her duties. See Tex. Gov’t Code Ann. § 311.023 (Vernon 2005); Tex. Dep’t of Transp. v. Needham, 82 S.W.3d 314, 318 (Tex.2002)(primary goal of statutory construction is to ascertain and give effect to the Legis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "82 S.W.3d 314", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../volume_82/0314_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "2f006b3aa375d61f", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 46914, "end": 46928, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": " effect to the Legislature’s intent in enacting it). To the extent that there is a conflict between Section 34.065 and Section 86.002, we conclude that Section 86.002 as the more specific statute controls. See Tex.", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "534c1466c5f1152b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 46933, "end": 46947, "quote": "Section 86.002", "context": "slature’s intent in enacting it). To the extent that there is a conflict between Section 34.065 and Section 86.002, we conclude that Section 86.002 as the more specific statute controls. See Tex. Gov’t Code Ann. § ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d0d136ab19f95050", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 46966, "end": 46980, "quote": "Section 86.002", "context": " To the extent that there is a conflict between Section 34.065 and Section 86.002, we conclude that Section 86.002 as the more specific statute controls. See Tex. Gov’t Code Ann. § 311.026(b)(Vernon 2005). Issue Si", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b1989fa3c2aad3ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 47045, "end": 47057, "quote": "§ 311.026(b)", "context": "02, we conclude that Section 86.002 as the more specific statute controls. See Tex. Gov’t Code Ann. § 311.026(b)(Vernon 2005). Issue Six is sustained.\nCROSS-APPEAL\nKingvision raises two issues in its cross-appeal", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3feb72bb0b413864", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 48805, "end": 48819, "quote": "883 S.W.2d 402", "context": "date, the subsequent judgment vacates the former judgment. Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp. v. Wasiak, 883 S.W.2d 402, 411 (Tex.App.-Austin 1994, no writ). Any change, whether or not material or substantial, made in t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "883 S.W.2d 402", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_883/0402_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "f64ee50a15b838b5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 49078, "end": 49092, "quote": "758 S.W.2d 755", "context": "l restart the appellate timetable from the date the modified judgment is signed. Check v. Mitchell, 758 S.W.2d 755, 756 (Tex.1988). The only exception to this rule occurs when the face of the record reveals that th", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "758 S.W.2d 755", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_758/0755_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "82d0f0fd39377831", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 49311, "end": 49325, "quote": "890 S.W.2d 807", "context": "d a second judgment for the sole purpose of extending the appellate timetables. Mackie v. McKenzie, 890 S.W.2d 807, 808 (Tex.1994)(limiting the holding of Anderson v. Casebolt, 493 S.W.2d 509, 510 (Tex.1973)).\nIn t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "890 S.W.2d 807", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_890/0807_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "101fd799325ab76b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 49388, "end": 49402, "quote": "493 S.W.2d 509", "context": "s. Mackie v. McKenzie, 890 S.W.2d 807, 808 (Tex.1994)(limiting the holding of Anderson v. Casebolt, 493 S.W.2d 509, 510 (Tex.1973)).\nIn this case, the January 2005 judgment varied from the original September 2004 j", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "493 S.W.2d 509", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_493/0509_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "72a08aae69957ea1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 50497, "end": 50512, "quote": "Section 34.065.", "context": "in concluding that they were liable for Constable Abercia’s failure to execute the writ pursuant to Section 34.065. Section 34.065 specifically states that the “full amount of the debt, plus interest and costs” is r", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "83c9c7f13b714bc8", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 50513, "end": 50527, "quote": "Section 34.065", "context": "at they were liable for Constable Abercia’s failure to execute the writ pursuant to Section 34.065. Section 34.065 specifically states that the “full amount of the debt, plus interest and costs” is recoverable and ", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "55d6f1d81c530bc0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/sw3d/volume_217/0688_01/index.html", "start": 50847, "end": 50856, "quote": "§ 34.065.", "context": "it, following five days’ notice to the officer and his sureties.” See Tex.Civ.Prac. & Rem.Code Ann. § 34.065. As noted above, Appellants failed to plead and prove any mitigation defense, therefore, Constable A", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d8a66becd6a585a0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_18/0188_01/index.html", "start": 2319, "end": 2332, "quote": "74 Texas, 216", "context": "ct court, and the plaintiff failing to amend, it was proper to dismiss the suit. Haddock v. Taylor, 74 Texas, 216.\nThe only question remaining to be decided is, was the sheriff entitled to 45 cents per day for eac", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 Tex., 216", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ac6d31e68b8f15e6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_18/0188_01/index.html", "start": 3780, "end": 3789, "quote": "section 1", "context": "ail. The compensation for the support of prisoners, not exceeding four in number, is the subject of section 1 of the article, while section 2 deals with the question of compensation where the number of prisone", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "4b489a5c4bb11bdf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_18/0188_01/index.html", "start": 3812, "end": 3821, "quote": "section 2", "context": "pport of prisoners, not exceeding four in number, is the subject of section 1 of the article, while section 2 deals with the question of compensation where the number of prisoners is in excess of-four. The lan", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b75de38f4cea3fe5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 8170, "end": 8183, "quote": "54 Texas, 618", "context": "re the accident occurred. The charge announced the correct rule. It was laid down in Sympkins case, 54 Texas, 618, that the operar tives of a railway train owed the general duty of reasonable lookout not only to t", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "54 Tex., 618", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60009600568a0259", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 8844, "end": 8856, "quote": "88 Texas, 20", "context": " discharge the general duty of lookout had injured him. The doctrine is recognized in Watkins case, 88 Texas, 20, in which the authorities are again reviewed, and so far as wre know the rule is not open to questi", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "88 Tex., 20", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8e1584ed40788fe6", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 9012, "end": 9025, "quote": "98 Texas, 331", "context": "r as wre know the rule is not open to question in this State. Certainly Bailway Company v. Shiflet, 98 Texas, 331, is not in conflict with the two cited cases. Indeed, at page 332 Justice Brown recognizes the rule", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 Tex., 331", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "8877c9e5ad553637", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 13270, "end": 13288, "quote": "94 S. W. Rep., 331", "context": "under the authorities, but falls also within the negative class. (Park v. San Antonio Traction Co., 94 S. W. Rep., 331.) We do not agree with appellant that the error was repeated in affirmative form in the paragraph o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "94 S.W., 331", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7db8b9f1d4d08302", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 13849, "end": 13862, "quote": "98 Texas, 331", "context": "h crossed the tracks. The appellant contends ' that under the doctrine laid down in Shiflet’s ease, 98 Texas, 331, the evidence did not present the issue. In the case cited the plaintiff sought to prove that the p", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "98 Tex., 331", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c284c80129d1c3a5", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 17574, "end": 17587, "quote": "87 Texas, 546", "context": "versal Avhere the amount of the verdict is issuable on the record. (Houston Street Ry. v. Reichart, 87 Texas, 546; Butchers case, 12 Texas Ct. Rep., 115; Perry’s case, 10 Texas Ct. Rep., 669; Nesbit’s case, 13 Tex", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "87 Tex., 546", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "6762ac8e4cb3d9d1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 17720, "end": 17733, "quote": "91 Texas, 349", "context": "., 115; Perry’s case, 10 Texas Ct. Rep., 669; Nesbit’s case, 13 Texas Ct. Rep., 656; Hannig’s case, 91 Texas, 349; Highnote’s case, 74 S. W. Rep., 920; Brock’s case, 31 S. W. Rep., 500.)\nWe call attention also to ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "91 Tex., 349", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "947e8ac94aefa84b", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 17752, "end": 17770, "quote": "74 S. W. Rep., 920", "context": "t. Rep., 669; Nesbit’s case, 13 Texas Ct. Rep., 656; Hannig’s case, 91 Texas, 349; Highnote’s case, 74 S. W. Rep., 920; Brock’s case, 31 S. W. Rep., 500.)\nWe call attention also to the fact that the mention in the char", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "74 S.W., 920", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "51c34c8e2c0b5975", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 17786, "end": 17804, "quote": "31 S. W. Rep., 500", "context": "xas Ct. Rep., 656; Hannig’s case, 91 Texas, 349; Highnote’s case, 74 S. W. Rep., 920; Brock’s case, 31 S. W. Rep., 500.)\nWe call attention also to the fact that the mention in the charge of the amount claimed in the pe", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "31 S.W., 500", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b7f52cfd44045109", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 18071, "end": 18083, "quote": "61 Texas, 98", "context": "that in the opinion of the judge such a sum might be awarded under the evidence. (Newman v. Dodson, 61 Texas, 98; Brunswig v. White, 70 Texas, 512.) For reasons given in the .cases cited it is not reversible erro", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "61 Tex., 98", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "70c284f424bc45e1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-civ-app/volume_44/0288_01/index.html", "start": 18104, "end": 18117, "quote": "70 Texas, 512", "context": "such a sum might be awarded under the evidence. (Newman v. Dodson, 61 Texas, 98; Brunswig v. White, 70 Texas, 512.) For reasons given in the .cases cited it is not reversible error in this cause. . .\nNone of the o", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "70 Tex., 512", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bb69f504bb2e6834", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_115/0491_01/index.html", "start": 2017, "end": 2023, "quote": "supra,", "context": "ch bigamous marriage may live or cohabit together as man and wife.” Art. 206, C. C. P.\nBy Art. 490, supra, the offense is complete when a bigamous marriage occurs, regardless of cohabitation in the county o", "category": "SupraCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "572307c06fc3cb76", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_115/0491_01/index.html", "start": 2557, "end": 2569, "quote": "250 Ill. 109", "context": "etween our statute and that of other jurisdictions, particularly that discussed in Price v. People, 250 Ill. 109, cited by appellant to sustain his proposition that the indictment should have alleged that at the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "250 Ill. 109", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../ill/volume_250/0109_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "904aa12a6a18edbf", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_115/0491_01/index.html", "start": 3308, "end": 3321, "quote": "45 Florida 26", "context": "s set out were equivalent to an allegation that the second marriage was unlawful. Ferrell v. State, 45 Florida 26.\nThe indictment is regarded as sufficiently alleging that at the time of his second marriage he had", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "45 Fla. 26", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../fla/volume_45/0026_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "86415a765b71f2c4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_115/0491_01/index.html", "start": 5272, "end": 5281, "quote": "Ibid. 208", "context": "er partner for seven (five) years, unheard of; previous divorce a vinculo matrimonii, or the like.’ Ibid. 208.”\nWe do- not recommend this form of indictment as a model but believe on the whole it sufficiently ", "category": "IdCitation", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f28ba91abc487de1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_115/0491_01/index.html", "start": 6532, "end": 6545, "quote": "141 S. W. 213", "context": " how he could have been injured or how same would constitute reversible error. See Luster v. State, 141 S. W. 213; Hargrove v. State, 51 S. W. 1124; Barrett v. State, 9 Tex. Crim. App. 33; Bonner v. State, 29 Tex.", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "141 S.W. 213", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "2f488d6c28697ce9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_115/0491_01/index.html", "start": 6566, "end": 6579, "quote": "51 S. W. 1124", "context": " how same would constitute reversible error. See Luster v. State, 141 S. W. 213; Hargrove v. State, 51 S. W. 1124; Barrett v. State, 9 Tex. Crim. App. 33; Bonner v. State, 29 Tex. Crim. App. 223, where kindred que", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "51 S.W. 1124", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "b00bb8a27ba9b467", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_117/0017_01/index.html", "start": 520, "end": 544, "quote": "38 Texas Crim. Rep., 515", "context": "f this court. We regret that we can not consider the transcript under such showing. Pilot v. State, 38 Texas Crim. Rep., 515, 43 S. W., 112, 1024; Lowery v. State, 92 Texas Crim. Rep., 311, 244 S. W., 147.\nThe appeal will be", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "38 Tex. Crim., 515", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "bda7e53a9d122bb4", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_117/0017_01/index.html", "start": 546, "end": 559, "quote": "43 S. W., 112", "context": "at we can not consider the transcript under such showing. Pilot v. State, 38 Texas Crim. Rep., 515, 43 S. W., 112, 1024; Lowery v. State, 92 Texas Crim. Rep., 311, 244 S. W., 147.\nThe appeal will be dismissed.\nDis", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "43 S.W., 112", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "da191b6e891485f0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_117/0017_01/index.html", "start": 584, "end": 608, "quote": "92 Texas Crim. Rep., 311", "context": "under such showing. Pilot v. State, 38 Texas Crim. Rep., 515, 43 S. W., 112, 1024; Lowery v. State, 92 Texas Crim. Rep., 311, 244 S. W., 147.\nThe appeal will be dismissed.\nDismissed.\nHawkins, J., not sitting.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "92 Tex. Crim., 311", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e74a666f88c11fb1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_117/0017_01/index.html", "start": 610, "end": 624, "quote": "244 S. W., 147", "context": "v. State, 38 Texas Crim. Rep., 515, 43 S. W., 112, 1024; Lowery v. State, 92 Texas Crim. Rep., 311, 244 S. W., 147.\nThe appeal will be dismissed.\nDismissed.\nHawkins, J., not sitting.\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "244 S.W., 147", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "d4ad098b3e0cfb4c", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_118/0299_01/index.html", "start": 3401, "end": 3425, "quote": "97 Texas Crim. Rep., 299", "context": "ing whisky for medicinal purposes “solely” our original opinion is in conflict with Veasy v. State, 97 Texas Crim. Rep., 299, 260 S. W., 1054; Tetmeyer v. State, 114 Texas Crim. Rep., 531, 26 S. W. (2d) 266; and Hufstettler ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 Tex. Crim., 299", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "466b4e458a7ee023", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_118/0299_01/index.html", "start": 3427, "end": 3442, "quote": "260 S. W., 1054", "context": "urposes “solely” our original opinion is in conflict with Veasy v. State, 97 Texas Crim. Rep., 299, 260 S. W., 1054; Tetmeyer v. State, 114 Texas Crim. Rep., 531, 26 S. W. (2d) 266; and Hufstettler v. State (Texas C", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "260 S.W., 1054", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "fbf5f0ee623803d9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_118/0299_01/index.html", "start": 3463, "end": 3488, "quote": "114 Texas Crim. Rep., 531", "context": "n is in conflict with Veasy v. State, 97 Texas Crim. Rep., 299, 260 S. W., 1054; Tetmeyer v. State, 114 Texas Crim. Rep., 531, 26 S. W. (2d) 266; and Hufstettler v. State (Texas Crim. App.), 33 S. W. (2d) 461. In all of the c", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "114 Tex. Crim., 531", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "3fb03528b61312e0", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_118/0299_01/index.html", "start": 3490, "end": 3507, "quote": "26 S. W. (2d) 266", "context": " v. State, 97 Texas Crim. Rep., 299, 260 S. W., 1054; Tetmeyer v. State, 114 Texas Crim. Rep., 531, 26 S. W. (2d) 266; and Hufstettler v. State (Texas Crim. App.), 33 S. W. (2d) 461. In all of the cases mentioned the ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "26 S.W.2d 266", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_26/0266_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "54d7ae4e986918f1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_118/0299_01/index.html", "start": 3554, "end": 3571, "quote": "33 S. W. (2d) 461", "context": ". State, 114 Texas Crim. Rep., 531, 26 S. W. (2d) 266; and Hufstettler v. State (Texas Crim. App.), 33 S. W. (2d) 461. In all of the cases mentioned the prosecution was for possessing intoxicating liquor for the purpo", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "33 S.W.2d 461", "linked": true, "hrefs": ["../../../sw2d/volume_33/0461_01/index.html"]}
{"id": "946f738b15a52442", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_52/0368_01/index.html", "start": 223, "end": 241, "quote": "97 S. W. Rep., 483", "context": "proved form. See Covington v. State, 52 Texas Crim. Rep.; 19 Texas Ct. Rep., 55; Stephens v. State, 97 S. W. Rep., 483; Goen v. State, 101 S. W. Rep., 232.\nIn his motion for a new trial appellant insists that the court", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "97 S.W., 483", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "f4289154883d74ca", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_52/0368_01/index.html", "start": 258, "end": 277, "quote": "101 S. W. Rep., 232", "context": ", 52 Texas Crim. Rep.; 19 Texas Ct. Rep., 55; Stephens v. State, 97 S. W. Rep., 483; Goen v. State, 101 S. W. Rep., 232.\nIn his motion for a new trial appellant insists that the court erred in overruling defendant’s ple", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "101 S.W., 232", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c4184c75771a1918", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex-crim/volume_52/0368_01/index.html", "start": 548, "end": 558, "quote": "section 29", "context": "t fixed by the commissioners court, was not in compliance with the Constitution, to wit: Article 5, section 29, and with the provisions of chapter 4, title 29 of the Bevised Statutes. The Constitution and the s", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "03682a1d5f50bda1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 416, "end": 425, "quote": "section 3", "context": "e said surveys forfeited if they were not returned to the clerk of the County Court, as required by section 3 of the act of January 26, 1839? (Paschal’s Dig., art. 3466.)\n2. Were they forfeited if not returned", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "1cc13d5b8d319a15", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 695, "end": 704, "quote": "Section 3", "context": "required by the first section of.the act of February 10, 1852 ? (Paschal’s Dig., art. 4562.)\nFirst. Section 3 of the act of January 26,1839, (Paschal’s Dig., art. 3466,) provides: “ When said lands are surveye", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "60d656483a1e2625", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 1813, "end": 1824, "quote": "3 Pet., 339", "context": "the lands which have been surveyed for the benefit of public schools. (Stringer v. Lessee of Young, 3 Pet., 339; Taylor v. Brown, 5 Cranch, 234.)\nSecond. We are also of opinion that the act of February 10, 1852,", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "3 Pet., 339", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "985664576c8f169d", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 1843, "end": 1856, "quote": "5 Cranch, 234", "context": "eyed for the benefit of public schools. (Stringer v. Lessee of Young, 3 Pet., 339; Taylor v. Brown, 5 Cranch, 234.)\nSecond. We are also of opinion that the act of February 10, 1852, (Paschal’s Dig., art. 4562,) re", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "5 Cranch, 234", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "c99af3d499870613", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 4051, "end": 4063, "quote": "40 Tex., 600", "context": "the State through the Legislature. (Const. 1869, art. 9, sec. 8.)\nIt is held in Kuechler v. Wright, 40 Tex., 600, that the alternate or even-numbered sections of land reserved for the use of the State by the act ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 Tex., 600", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "45f0cfcfeca0d366", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 4241, "end": 4250, "quote": "section 3", "context": " the State by the act incorporating the Memphis, El Paso and Pacific Railroad Company, and which by section 3 of article 10 of the Constitution of 1866 were set apart for a perpetual school fund, had thereby b", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ba9e6eef3d03a7c9", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 4460, "end": 4469, "quote": "section 6", "context": " beyonddhe power of the Legislature to divert to any other purpose. A similar provision was made by section 6 of article 9 of the Constitution of 1869, in force at the date of the institution of this suit, and", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "ebf1a28ef68750a2", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 4573, "end": 4582, "quote": "section 2", "context": "article 9 of the Constitution of 1869, in force at the date of the institution of this suit, and by section 2 of article 7 of the Constitution of 1876, now in force.\nEven had' the Legislature the power to thus", "category": "bare_section", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "7ba4368f05c13630", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 5544, "end": 5556, "quote": "40 Tex., 606", "context": "hin the terms of a subsequent act by which a different appropriation was made. (Kuechler v. Wright, 40 Tex., 606; Wilcox v. Jackson, 13 Pet., 498.)\nIt is believed that a very different rule should prevail in a ca", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "40 Tex., 606", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "e0bdfacf7410d5ce", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 5577, "end": 5589, "quote": "13 Pet., 498", "context": " by which a different appropriation was made. (Kuechler v. Wright, 40 Tex., 606; Wilcox v. Jackson, 13 Pet., 498.)\nIt is believed that a very different rule should prevail in a case of this character from that wh", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "13 Pet., 498", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "cd8131b1160368de", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 5953, "end": 5965, "quote": "19 Tex., 209", "context": "eople of the State for the use and benefit of public schools.\nIn the case of Parish v. Weatherford, 19 Tex., 209, it was decided that the act of February 10, 1852, (Paschal’s Dig., art. 4568,) which required surv", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "19 Tex., 209", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "a5fce22f737443c1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_51/0360_01/index.html", "start": 6312, "end": 6324, "quote": "33 Tex., 366", "context": " and this was sufficient to put the locator upon inquiry.\nIn the case of Milam County v. Robertson, 33 Tex., 366, it was held, that the fact that four leagues of school land had been surveyed in a single county, ", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "33 Tex., 366", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0774be43407338a1", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/tex/volume_87/0322_01/index.html", "start": 9600, "end": 9607, "quote": "the Act", "context": " because the attempted rescission was ineffectual, and left the contract in full force, and because the Act of Congress, independent of any contract, imposed upon the person in charge of the stock the duty o", "category": "the_act", "canonical": null, "linked": false, "hrefs": []}
{"id": "0f00fc551f325d95", "url": "https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/us/volume_536/0979_03/index.html", "start": 101, "end": 114, "quote": "497 U. S. 376", "context": "Bill of complaint dismissed under this Court’s Rule 46.1. [For earlier decision herein, see, e. g., 497 U. S. 376.]\n", "category": "case_full", "canonical": "497 U.S. 376", "linked": false, "hrefs": []}