Conspiracy to commit a § 1961(1)(A) or (D) offense charged as a predicate act

OR · 18usc1962:racketeering.conspiracy

Distinct from § 1962(d) RICO conspiracy: a conspiracy to commit an offense within § 1961(1)(A) or ("any offense involving...") § 1961(1)(D) can itself count as one of the predicate acts of racketeering.

Exact element source

racketeering activity

Source: docroot/ir/usc/title18.jsonl#title18_sec1962; Unicode character offsets [148:169] (end exclusive); SHA-256 6caae47f43b5ab0899b660616e298363bd36f9f540d915c2be11eb7126f5e27d.

All variants

Recorded DB variant labels, including zero-count variants
Variant	Description	Merits instance blocks	Distinct cases	Example cases (up to 3 per group)
conspiracy-as-predicate/any-offense-involving-1961-1-d		1 Satisfied 1; not satisfied 0; excluded context 0	1	/f2d/624/1118-01 — United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit · 1980 — satisfied
conspiracy-as-predicate/harmless-if-excluded-substantive-predicates-suffice		0 Satisfied 0; not satisfied 0; excluded context 1	0	No counted merits examples Excluded context examples: /f2d/624/1118-01 — United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit · 1980 — applied/alternative

How courts decided this element

Annotation blocks, including explicitly excluded context
Case	Element	Holding and scope	Variant	Exact source quotations
/f2d/624/1118-01 — United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit · 1980	Conspiracy to commit a § 1961(1)(A) or (D) offense charged as a predicate act	satisfied Counted merits instance applied / merits basis: law; claim: (c); party: Weisman; count: § 371 conspiracies to commit securities fraud and bankruptcy fraud; subject: party=Weisman; count=§ 371 conspiracies to commit securities fraud and bankruptcy fraud §371 is not a listed predicate, but (1)(D)'s "any offense involving" fraud reaches conspiracies to commit (D) offenses. Pure question of law raised against the jury charge; the conspiracy convictions themselves were not attacked.	conspiracy-as-predicate/any-offense-involving-1961-1-d	Weisman was convicted of one count of operating the Theatre through a pattern of racketeering activity in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 1962(c) and 2, nine counts of fraud in the sale of securities in violation of 15 U.S.C. §§ 77q(a) and 77x and 18 U.S.C. § 2, nine counts of bankruptcy fraud in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 152 and 2, one count each of conspiracy to commit securities fraud and bankruptcy fraud in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 371, Source: `docroot/ir/caselaw/f2d_624.jsonl#/f2d/624/1118-01`; Unicode character offsets [486:924] (end exclusive); SHA-256 `9f02652be952ebf06fe5bc7850efdd6237ac4cd8110d7ce9690b75ad54eaa6ed`. Evidence kind: fact; polarity: supports; absent flag: 0; quoted-rule flag: 0 (1 = tagged; 0 = not tagged) we think that conspiracy can properly be charged as a predicate act of racketeering under RICO, at least when it involves any of the substantive offenses listed in section 1961(1)(D) Source: `docroot/ir/caselaw/f2d_624.jsonl#/f2d/624/1118-01`; Unicode character offsets [14351:14533] (end exclusive); SHA-256 `9f02652be952ebf06fe5bc7850efdd6237ac4cd8110d7ce9690b75ad54eaa6ed`. Evidence kind: rule; polarity: not recorded; absent flag: 0; quoted-rule flag: 0 (1 = tagged; 0 = not tagged) This language is certainly broad enough on its face to include conspiracies involving securities and bankruptcy fraud and drug related offenses. Source: `docroot/ir/caselaw/f2d_624.jsonl#/f2d/624/1118-01`; Unicode character offsets [14879:15023] (end exclusive); SHA-256 `9f02652be952ebf06fe5bc7850efdd6237ac4cd8110d7ce9690b75ad54eaa6ed`. Evidence kind: rule; polarity: not recorded; absent flag: 0; quoted-rule flag: 0 (1 = tagged; 0 = not tagged)
/f2d/624/1118-01 — United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit · 1980	Conspiracy to commit a § 1961(1)(A) or (D) offense charged as a predicate act	not Excluded from merits counts applied / alternative basis: assumed; claim: (c); party: Weisman; count: § 371 conspiracies to commit securities fraud and bankruptcy fraud; subject: party=Weisman; count=§ 371 conspiracies to commit securities fraud and bankruptcy fraud "Even if" the conspiracies could not be predicates (assumed arguendo), the error in the charge was harmless: the substantive convictions alone gave ten predicate acts.	conspiracy-as-predicate/harmless-if-excluded-substantive-predicates-suffice	Thus, even if the conspiracy counts were excluded, the jury verdict conclusively established a RICO violation and therefore any error in the inclusion of these counts in the RICO charge was harmless. Source: `docroot/ir/caselaw/f2d_624.jsonl#/f2d/624/1118-01`; Unicode character offsets [17650:17849] (end exclusive); SHA-256 `9f02652be952ebf06fe5bc7850efdd6237ac4cd8110d7ce9690b75ad54eaa6ed`. Evidence kind: held; polarity: not recorded; absent flag: 0; quoted-rule flag: 0 (1 = tagged; 0 = not tagged)

Court interpretations

interpretation

we think that conspiracy can properly be charged as a predicate act of racketeering under RICO, at least when it involves any of the substantive offenses listed in section 1961(1)(D)

/f2d/624/1118-01 — United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit · 1980

we think that conspiracy can properly be charged as a predicate act of racketeering under RICO, at least when it involves any of the substantive offenses listed in section 1961(1)(D)

Source: docroot/ir/caselaw/f2d_624.jsonl#/f2d/624/1118-01; Unicode character offsets [14351:14533] (end exclusive); SHA-256 9f02652be952ebf06fe5bc7850efdd6237ac4cd8110d7ce9690b75ad54eaa6ed.