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Court interpretations recorded from this case
interpretation
Instead, to establish municipal liability, a plaintiff must show that a local government's "policy or custom" led to the plaintiff's injury. Monell , 436 U.
Instead, to establish municipal liability, a plaintiff must show that a local government's "policy or custom" led to the plaintiff's injury. Monell , 436 U.Source:
docroot/ir/caselaw/f3d_935.jsonl#/f3d/935/0804-01; Unicode character offsets [9027:9183] (end exclusive); SHA-256 c8c8a082e238f939ada99fe6c822fed1224a701feedd83954fbc385779bf849a.Satisfied by (1) an express municipal policy, (2) a widespread practice/custom so permanent and well settled as to have the force of law, (3) an act of an official with final policymaking authority (Pembaur; Praprotnik), or (4) deliberate indifference in failure to train/supervise (`policy.failure-to-train`).